2021届通用版高考英语新二轮语法巩固学案：《介词》专题讲练 Word版含答案
文档属性
| 名称 | 2021届通用版高考英语新二轮语法巩固学案：《介词》专题讲练 Word版含答案 |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 34.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2020-12-17 11:45:46 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
高考英语二轮语法巩固-《介词》专题讲练
【正误比对】
误区之一 介词搭配的误用
【误】 You should eat more fruit and vegetables, which are rich of vitamins.
【正】 You should eat more fruit and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins.
[分析] be rich in是固定搭配,意为“富含……”。根据语境可知把of改为in。
误区之二 介词词义的误用
(1)【误】 In those days, we had no phones, so we had to keep in touch with writing often.
【正】 In those days, we had no phones, so we had to keep in touch by writing often.
[分析] with改为by。此处用by表示方式。by writing 意为“通过写信”。本题不是keep in touch with的固定搭配。
(2)【误】 The bridge on the river, which has a history of nearly 100 years, is now in danger of falling down.
【正】 The bridge over the river, which has a history of nearly 100 years, is now in danger of falling down.
[分析] on改为over。 over通常指“正对……的上方”,表示两个物体之间垂直的相对位置;on指线上或面上的接触点,仅在两个物体互相接触的情况下表示“在……上面”。
误区之三 介词的冗余错误
【误】 We,together with our teacher, visited a local nursing home in last week.
【正】 We,together with our teacher, visited a local nursing home last week.
[分析] last week本身就是一个完整的时间状语,其前面不要加in或on。
误区之四 介词的缺失错误
【误】 If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.
【正】 If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait for your teacher to lead you outside.
[分析] wait for是固定搭配,意为“等待”,由于其后有宾语your teacher,故需要加介词for。
【考点归纳】
考点一 介词的基本用法
规则1beyond可表示范围、限度,意为“超出,为……所不及”。
“I came to thank you,”she said,surprising me beyond speech.
“我是来感谢你的,”她说,这让我惊讶得说不出话来。
规则2against有“违背,违逆;反对;对……不利;倚;靠;碰撞;预防;衬托”之意。
Vacations help us perform better at work,improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.
假期帮助我们在工作中表现得更好,提高我们的睡眠质量和缓解忧愁。
[温馨提示] beyond words/description/imagination/belief/one's reach/one's control,意为“无法用语言形容/无法用语言描述/想象不出来/无法相信/够不着/无法控制”。
规则3for有“就……而言;从……来看;达,计;为……”之意。
The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.
我们大多数人最关心的是大众教育的质量问题。
规则4by可表示程度或增减的幅度,还可作“按;以……计;依据”讲。
As far as I know,workers are generally paid by the month.
据我所知,工人们的工资通常按月来付。
规则5across有“横跨”之意。
Do you think this shirt is too tight across the shoulders?
你觉得这件衬衫在肩膀这个地方是不是太紧了?
规则6off有“离开;偏离”之意。
She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road.
她在转弯处开得如此快,以至于车差点偏离公路。
规则7over可表示时间,意为“在……期间;直到……结束”。
①Talks with the teachers' union over the weekend have averted a strike.
周末与教师工会的谈判避免了一场罢工。
②Over coffee,she lit a cigarette,her eyes daring him to comment.
喝咖啡时,她点燃了一支烟,用挑衅的眼神看着他,谅他也不敢吭声。
规则8on/upon有“刚……就;一……就”之意,后接名词或动词-ing形式。
Upon graduation,Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic.
夏洛特一毕业就回到了蒙特利尔,开了一个私人诊所。
规则9of表示“在……范围内”。
①The ceasefire resolution calls for the release of all prisoners of war.
停火决议要求释放所有战俘。
②A common memory they all have of their schooldays is the school uniform.
他们对于他们学生时代的共同记忆是校服。
规则10 within可表示范围、程度,意为“在……之内”。
The government was doing everything within its power to help the victims.
政府正尽其所能地帮助那些受害者。
考点二 介词的搭配
规则1与out of搭配的常用短语
out of date/time 过时/过期
out of question 毫无疑问
out of the question 不可能
out of shape 变形
out of fashion 不流行
out of order 出了故障
out of reach 遥不可及
规则2与介词in搭配的常用短语
in a way在某种程度上
in no way没门
in the way挡住道路
in vain徒劳
in general 通常,大体上
in detail 详细地
in turn 轮流
in return 作为回报
in need 需要
in time 迟早;及时
规则3与介词at搭配的常用短语
at no time 决不
at a time 一次/每次
at one time 一度/曾经
at times 不时地/有时
at one's request 应某人的要求
at a loss 不知所措
规则4“in+名词+of”常用搭配
in honour of 为纪念……
in charge of 负责;掌管
in terms of 依据;就……而言
in praise of 赞扬
in favour of 支持;赞同
in need of 需要
规则5其他常考短语
on behalf of 代表
by chance/accident 偶然
after all 毕竟;别忘了
regardless of 不管,不顾
on the whole 总的来说
on the contrary 相反
【实战演练】
【单句语法填空】
1.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree engineering or architecture. ?
2. I told her she shouldn't swim a whole night's coughing, but she refused to give up.?
3. The mother continued to care for the young panda more than two years.?
4. Thanks Robin, I've found the courage to believe in myself as I go out into the world on my own.?
5.But my connection with pandas goes back my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s…?
6. I'm afraid physics is completely me and I have to ask you for help.?
7.We need to prevent pollution driving cars less and developing renewable energy. ?
8.The dictionary is of date:many words have been added to the language since it was published. ?
9.The talks will focus economic development of the region.?
10.Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test
the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.?
11.With the development of economy, our income has increased 10% in less than a year.?
12. The dictionary is what I want, but I don't have enough money me.?
13. the end, the young men found that working hard is truly a treasure in itself.?
14.Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and in the sea??
15. At the bad news, the woman put her hands her eyes and cried out.?
16.In high school, I became curious the computer, and built my first website.?
17.Find an issue you are interested in and learn more.Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money a cause.?
18.Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage the opportunity to join sports teams.?
19.That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help.
short, he's reliable.?
20.The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.?
【单句改错】
1.It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.
2.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
3.While they chatted,my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.
4.Now I am leaving home to college.
5.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.
【语篇语法填空】
Like the native Chinese, some foreigners have started to join their Chinese friends 1. sending or grabbing virtual red packets during the Spring Festival and other special 2. (occasion). Attracted by the unique way of interacting with people as well as the culture that gave birth to the phenomenon, many foreigners say competing with friends to grab red packets in 3. WeChat group can be a lot of fun.?
Mattias Klement, 27, a Swede who has been living in China for years, said more foreigners have started to take part in this 4. (active) because of the popularity of the WeChat wallet.?
“I think it is 5. (main) because more and more places now allow paying with WeChat. It's also fun to just involve 6. (you) in the culture of it,” said Klement. Two years ago, when some friends 7. (send) him 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, he had no clue about the 8. (hide) meanings. Now, he is not only quite familiar with them 9. has also been used to sending some.?
“It's nice to be able to say ‘I love you’ with 5.20 yuan, I guess,” he said, laughing.“I also remember 10. (try) to trick some of my friends off by paying back 99.99 instead of 100 just for fun.”?
参考答案：
【单句语法填空】
1.in
2.after
3.for
4.to
5.to
6.beyond
7.by
8.out
9.on
10.at
11.by
12.with
13.In
14.to
15.over
16.about
17.to
18.of
19.In
20.in
【单句改错】
1.on改为of
2.becoming前加of
3. in改为on
4. to改为for
5.on改为in
【语篇语法填空】
1.in
2.occasions
3.a
4.activity
5.mainly
6.yourself
7.sent
8.hidden
9.but
10.trying
【正误比对】
误区之一 介词搭配的误用
【误】 You should eat more fruit and vegetables, which are rich of vitamins.
【正】 You should eat more fruit and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins.
[分析] be rich in是固定搭配,意为“富含……”。根据语境可知把of改为in。
误区之二 介词词义的误用
(1)【误】 In those days, we had no phones, so we had to keep in touch with writing often.
【正】 In those days, we had no phones, so we had to keep in touch by writing often.
[分析] with改为by。此处用by表示方式。by writing 意为“通过写信”。本题不是keep in touch with的固定搭配。
(2)【误】 The bridge on the river, which has a history of nearly 100 years, is now in danger of falling down.
【正】 The bridge over the river, which has a history of nearly 100 years, is now in danger of falling down.
[分析] on改为over。 over通常指“正对……的上方”,表示两个物体之间垂直的相对位置;on指线上或面上的接触点,仅在两个物体互相接触的情况下表示“在……上面”。
误区之三 介词的冗余错误
【误】 We,together with our teacher, visited a local nursing home in last week.
【正】 We,together with our teacher, visited a local nursing home last week.
[分析] last week本身就是一个完整的时间状语,其前面不要加in或on。
误区之四 介词的缺失错误
【误】 If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.
【正】 If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait for your teacher to lead you outside.
[分析] wait for是固定搭配,意为“等待”,由于其后有宾语your teacher,故需要加介词for。
【考点归纳】
考点一 介词的基本用法
规则1beyond可表示范围、限度,意为“超出,为……所不及”。
“I came to thank you,”she said,surprising me beyond speech.
“我是来感谢你的,”她说,这让我惊讶得说不出话来。
规则2against有“违背,违逆;反对;对……不利;倚;靠;碰撞;预防;衬托”之意。
Vacations help us perform better at work,improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.
假期帮助我们在工作中表现得更好,提高我们的睡眠质量和缓解忧愁。
[温馨提示] beyond words/description/imagination/belief/one's reach/one's control,意为“无法用语言形容/无法用语言描述/想象不出来/无法相信/够不着/无法控制”。
规则3for有“就……而言;从……来看;达,计;为……”之意。
The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.
我们大多数人最关心的是大众教育的质量问题。
规则4by可表示程度或增减的幅度,还可作“按;以……计;依据”讲。
As far as I know,workers are generally paid by the month.
据我所知,工人们的工资通常按月来付。
规则5across有“横跨”之意。
Do you think this shirt is too tight across the shoulders?
你觉得这件衬衫在肩膀这个地方是不是太紧了?
规则6off有“离开;偏离”之意。
She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road.
她在转弯处开得如此快,以至于车差点偏离公路。
规则7over可表示时间,意为“在……期间;直到……结束”。
①Talks with the teachers' union over the weekend have averted a strike.
周末与教师工会的谈判避免了一场罢工。
②Over coffee,she lit a cigarette,her eyes daring him to comment.
喝咖啡时,她点燃了一支烟,用挑衅的眼神看着他,谅他也不敢吭声。
规则8on/upon有“刚……就;一……就”之意,后接名词或动词-ing形式。
Upon graduation,Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic.
夏洛特一毕业就回到了蒙特利尔,开了一个私人诊所。
规则9of表示“在……范围内”。
①The ceasefire resolution calls for the release of all prisoners of war.
停火决议要求释放所有战俘。
②A common memory they all have of their schooldays is the school uniform.
他们对于他们学生时代的共同记忆是校服。
规则10 within可表示范围、程度,意为“在……之内”。
The government was doing everything within its power to help the victims.
政府正尽其所能地帮助那些受害者。
考点二 介词的搭配
规则1与out of搭配的常用短语
out of date/time 过时/过期
out of question 毫无疑问
out of the question 不可能
out of shape 变形
out of fashion 不流行
out of order 出了故障
out of reach 遥不可及
规则2与介词in搭配的常用短语
in a way在某种程度上
in no way没门
in the way挡住道路
in vain徒劳
in general 通常,大体上
in detail 详细地
in turn 轮流
in return 作为回报
in need 需要
in time 迟早;及时
规则3与介词at搭配的常用短语
at no time 决不
at a time 一次/每次
at one time 一度/曾经
at times 不时地/有时
at one's request 应某人的要求
at a loss 不知所措
规则4“in+名词+of”常用搭配
in honour of 为纪念……
in charge of 负责;掌管
in terms of 依据;就……而言
in praise of 赞扬
in favour of 支持;赞同
in need of 需要
规则5其他常考短语
on behalf of 代表
by chance/accident 偶然
after all 毕竟;别忘了
regardless of 不管,不顾
on the whole 总的来说
on the contrary 相反
【实战演练】
【单句语法填空】
1.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree engineering or architecture. ?
2. I told her she shouldn't swim a whole night's coughing, but she refused to give up.?
3. The mother continued to care for the young panda more than two years.?
4. Thanks Robin, I've found the courage to believe in myself as I go out into the world on my own.?
5.But my connection with pandas goes back my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s…?
6. I'm afraid physics is completely me and I have to ask you for help.?
7.We need to prevent pollution driving cars less and developing renewable energy. ?
8.The dictionary is of date:many words have been added to the language since it was published. ?
9.The talks will focus economic development of the region.?
10.Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test
the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.?
11.With the development of economy, our income has increased 10% in less than a year.?
12. The dictionary is what I want, but I don't have enough money me.?
13. the end, the young men found that working hard is truly a treasure in itself.?
14.Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and in the sea??
15. At the bad news, the woman put her hands her eyes and cried out.?
16.In high school, I became curious the computer, and built my first website.?
17.Find an issue you are interested in and learn more.Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money a cause.?
18.Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage the opportunity to join sports teams.?
19.That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help.
short, he's reliable.?
20.The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.?
【单句改错】
1.It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.
2.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
3.While they chatted,my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.
4.Now I am leaving home to college.
5.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.
【语篇语法填空】
Like the native Chinese, some foreigners have started to join their Chinese friends 1. sending or grabbing virtual red packets during the Spring Festival and other special 2. (occasion). Attracted by the unique way of interacting with people as well as the culture that gave birth to the phenomenon, many foreigners say competing with friends to grab red packets in 3. WeChat group can be a lot of fun.?
Mattias Klement, 27, a Swede who has been living in China for years, said more foreigners have started to take part in this 4. (active) because of the popularity of the WeChat wallet.?
“I think it is 5. (main) because more and more places now allow paying with WeChat. It's also fun to just involve 6. (you) in the culture of it,” said Klement. Two years ago, when some friends 7. (send) him 5.20 or 8.88 yuan red packets, he had no clue about the 8. (hide) meanings. Now, he is not only quite familiar with them 9. has also been used to sending some.?
“It's nice to be able to say ‘I love you’ with 5.20 yuan, I guess,” he said, laughing.“I also remember 10. (try) to trick some of my friends off by paying back 99.99 instead of 100 just for fun.”?
参考答案：
【单句语法填空】
1.in
2.after
3.for
4.to
5.to
6.beyond
7.by
8.out
9.on
10.at
11.by
12.with
13.In
14.to
15.over
16.about
17.to
18.of
19.In
20.in
【单句改错】
1.on改为of
2.becoming前加of
3. in改为on
4. to改为for
5.on改为in
【语篇语法填空】
1.in
2.occasions
3.a
4.activity
5.mainly
6.yourself
7.sent
8.hidden
9.but
10.trying