2021届通用版高考英语新二轮语法巩固学案：《形容词&副词》专题讲练 Word版含答案
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| 名称 | 2021届通用版高考英语新二轮语法巩固学案：《形容词&副词》专题讲练 Word版含答案 |  | |
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高考英语二轮语法巩固-《形容词&副词》专题讲练
【正误比对】
误区之一 词形相似,意义有别的词的误用
【误】 I found the test difficult, but I tried hardly to do it.
【正】 I found the test difficult, but I tried hard to do it.
[分析] 根据语境可知,此处表示尽力做某事,故hardly改为hard。
句意:我认为这次考试很难,但我还是很努力地去应对。
误区之二 形容词与副词的误用
【误】 You can easy make up an excuse to avoid going out with him.
【正】 You can easily make up an excuse to avoid going out with him.
[分析] 修饰动词短语make up应用副词easily。
句意:为避免同他一起外出,你可以很容易地编造一个借口。
误区之三 否定比较的误用
【误】 Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a good boss.
【正】 Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a better boss.
[分析] 此处是用比较级的否定形式表达最高级的含义,故good改为better。
句意:为史蒂文森先生工作太棒了,我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。
误区之四 比较等级的误用
【误】 People are becoming richer and the country is much more stronger.
【正】 People are becoming richer and the country is much stronger.
[分析] stronger已经是比较级,故去掉more。
句意:人们变得更加富有,国家变得更加强大。
【考点归纳】
考点一 形容词、副词的功能
规则 形容词作状语表示原因、伴随、结果等,表示主语的状态和特征,不能表示动作的方式,而副词作状语则修饰动词。
①He walked home slowly while talking to himself and kept puzzling over why the train hadn't waited for him for two more minutes.
他一面自言自语,一面慢慢地走回家,不明白为什么火车不肯再等他两分钟。
②Having been praised by the teacher,the little girl ran back home,happy and satisfied.
被老师表扬之后,这个小女孩非常高兴,满足地跑回了家。
[温馨提示]
有些副词像fortunately, luckily, surprisingly, honestly, actually, personally 等作评注性状语时往往修饰整个句子,对整个句子进行说明或解释,表示说话人的态度与看法。通常位于句首,常用逗号与句子分开。
Surprisingly, no one in the class could work out the problem.
令人惊讶的是,班里没人能解决这个问题。
考点二 比较结构的几种固定句型
规则1“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”结构,意为“越……,越……”。
规则2 “比较级+and+比较级”结构,意为“越来越……”,表示程度逐渐变化。
规则3 A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A对于B就如C对于D。”
Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals.
发动机对于机器就如心脏对于动物。
规则4 can't be too+adj.=can't be+adj.+enough意为“无论……都不为过,越……越……”。
You can never be too careful.=You can never be careful enough.
你无论怎么小心都不为过。
考点三 比较级的常见用法
规则1 比较级前可用much, far, a lot, a little, a bit, rather, even, still, a great deal等表示程度,但比较级前不能再用more。
She sings far/much better than the others.
她唱得比别人好得多。
规则2 同级比较要使用“as+adj./adv.+as”结构。
[温馨提示] 当as…as结构中有名词时,可用以下结构:
Although he was disabled, he tried to lead as normal a life as possible.
虽然他是个残疾人,但他尽可能地去过正常的生活。
规则3 “否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义。
There is no greater love than that given by parents in the world. 父母之爱,是世间最伟大的爱。
规则4比较级前除了可以用程度词修饰外,还可用倍数、分数、百分数修饰。
用倍数修饰时,通常用以下结构:
(1)A+is+倍数+as+原级+as+B.
This tree is three times as tall as that one.
这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。
(2)A+is+倍数+比较级+than+B.
The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.
这本字典比那本恰好贵四倍。
(3)A+is+倍数+the size/length/weight/height…of+B.
The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.
新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
[温馨提示] 用times表示倍数时,一般只限于三倍或三倍以上的数,表示两倍常用twice或double。
【实战演练】
【单句语法填空】
1.The Central London Railway was one of the most (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. ?
2. Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. ?
3. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of (great) and less importance.?
4. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.?
5. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks
(regular).?
6. Get an early start and try to be as productive possible before lunch.?
7. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual) turned into chopsticks.?
8. (fortunate), Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridge closed.?
9.Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers (regular) decline to share food with their children.?
10. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, (special) if you are travelling at high speed.?
11.There's no (great) happiness than that of succeeding in one's career.?
12. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under (freeze) water, in the damaged wooden ship.?
13. It is not (surprise) that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.?
14. You can live a more (power) life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.?
15.I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend
(many)events in the coming years.?
16. A wise man came along and asked them, “Oh, my dear friends, why are you crying?”“We were ten but now we are only nine,”they replied, and cried even
(hard).?
17. Ron had a (success) career and worked for Ford before retiring and leading a relaxed life.?
18. As they couldn't play outdoors, they were (happy), and some even got into fights from time to time.?
19. My aunt advised that I needed to go to hospital, and the treatment she provided gave my parents (value) time to take me to the hospital.?
20. We can start the habit by writing learning summaries and remember to record something (impress)and meaningful.?
【单句改错】
1. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.
2.They were also the best and worse years in my life.
3.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.
4.Dad and I were terrible worried.
5.On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field.
【语篇语法填空】
When you are thirsty, you can drink some green tea. It tastes good and it's very healthy. The Chinese 1. (know)about the benefits of green tea since ancient times, and they use 2. to treat everything from headaches to depression. They have 3. (actual)been using green tea as a medicine for over 6,000 years.?
Nowadays, there is scientific evidence of the health benefits of green tea. According to one study 4. (publish)in a cancer research journal, drinking green tea 5. (reduce)the risk of some types of cancers in Chinese men and women 6. nearly sixty per cent. The USA researchers have also found that green tea may prevent the 7. (grow)of cancer cells. There is also new evidence 8. green tea can help to destroy bacteria in our bodies. It is especially effective at getting rid of the bacteria on your 9. (tooth) and keep them healthy!?
According to the Chinese proverb, “It is 10. (good) to go without food for three days, than tea for one.” So, in brief, you should definitely try a cup of green tea. It seems that it can only do you good.?
参考答案：
【单句语法填空】
1.successful
2.worse
3.greater
4.officially
5.regularly
6.as
7.gradually
8.Fortunately
9.regularly
10.especially
11.greater
12.freezing
13.surprising
14.powerful
15.more
16.harder
17.successful
18.unhappy
19.valuable
20.impressive
【单句改错】
1.suddenly改为sudden
2.worse改为worst
3.seriously改为serious
4. terrible改为terribly
5.easy改为easily
【语篇语法填空】
1. have known
2. it
3. actually
4. published
5. reduces
6. by
7. growth
8. that
9. teeth
10. better
【正误比对】
误区之一 词形相似,意义有别的词的误用
【误】 I found the test difficult, but I tried hardly to do it.
【正】 I found the test difficult, but I tried hard to do it.
[分析] 根据语境可知,此处表示尽力做某事,故hardly改为hard。
句意:我认为这次考试很难,但我还是很努力地去应对。
误区之二 形容词与副词的误用
【误】 You can easy make up an excuse to avoid going out with him.
【正】 You can easily make up an excuse to avoid going out with him.
[分析] 修饰动词短语make up应用副词easily。
句意:为避免同他一起外出,你可以很容易地编造一个借口。
误区之三 否定比较的误用
【误】 Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a good boss.
【正】 Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a better boss.
[分析] 此处是用比较级的否定形式表达最高级的含义,故good改为better。
句意:为史蒂文森先生工作太棒了,我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。
误区之四 比较等级的误用
【误】 People are becoming richer and the country is much more stronger.
【正】 People are becoming richer and the country is much stronger.
[分析] stronger已经是比较级,故去掉more。
句意:人们变得更加富有,国家变得更加强大。
【考点归纳】
考点一 形容词、副词的功能
规则 形容词作状语表示原因、伴随、结果等,表示主语的状态和特征,不能表示动作的方式,而副词作状语则修饰动词。
①He walked home slowly while talking to himself and kept puzzling over why the train hadn't waited for him for two more minutes.
他一面自言自语,一面慢慢地走回家,不明白为什么火车不肯再等他两分钟。
②Having been praised by the teacher,the little girl ran back home,happy and satisfied.
被老师表扬之后,这个小女孩非常高兴,满足地跑回了家。
[温馨提示]
有些副词像fortunately, luckily, surprisingly, honestly, actually, personally 等作评注性状语时往往修饰整个句子,对整个句子进行说明或解释,表示说话人的态度与看法。通常位于句首,常用逗号与句子分开。
Surprisingly, no one in the class could work out the problem.
令人惊讶的是,班里没人能解决这个问题。
考点二 比较结构的几种固定句型
规则1“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”结构,意为“越……,越……”。
规则2 “比较级+and+比较级”结构,意为“越来越……”,表示程度逐渐变化。
规则3 A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A对于B就如C对于D。”
Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals.
发动机对于机器就如心脏对于动物。
规则4 can't be too+adj.=can't be+adj.+enough意为“无论……都不为过,越……越……”。
You can never be too careful.=You can never be careful enough.
你无论怎么小心都不为过。
考点三 比较级的常见用法
规则1 比较级前可用much, far, a lot, a little, a bit, rather, even, still, a great deal等表示程度,但比较级前不能再用more。
She sings far/much better than the others.
她唱得比别人好得多。
规则2 同级比较要使用“as+adj./adv.+as”结构。
[温馨提示] 当as…as结构中有名词时,可用以下结构:
Although he was disabled, he tried to lead as normal a life as possible.
虽然他是个残疾人,但他尽可能地去过正常的生活。
规则3 “否定词+比较级”表示最高级意义。
There is no greater love than that given by parents in the world. 父母之爱,是世间最伟大的爱。
规则4比较级前除了可以用程度词修饰外,还可用倍数、分数、百分数修饰。
用倍数修饰时,通常用以下结构:
(1)A+is+倍数+as+原级+as+B.
This tree is three times as tall as that one.
这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。
(2)A+is+倍数+比较级+than+B.
The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.
这本字典比那本恰好贵四倍。
(3)A+is+倍数+the size/length/weight/height…of+B.
The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.
新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
[温馨提示] 用times表示倍数时,一般只限于三倍或三倍以上的数,表示两倍常用twice或double。
【实战演练】
【单句语法填空】
1.The Central London Railway was one of the most (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. ?
2. Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. ?
3. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of (great) and less importance.?
4. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.?
5. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks
(regular).?
6. Get an early start and try to be as productive possible before lunch.?
7. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which (gradual) turned into chopsticks.?
8. (fortunate), Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridge closed.?
9.Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers (regular) decline to share food with their children.?
10. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, (special) if you are travelling at high speed.?
11.There's no (great) happiness than that of succeeding in one's career.?
12. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under (freeze) water, in the damaged wooden ship.?
13. It is not (surprise) that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.?
14. You can live a more (power) life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.?
15.I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend
(many)events in the coming years.?
16. A wise man came along and asked them, “Oh, my dear friends, why are you crying?”“We were ten but now we are only nine,”they replied, and cried even
(hard).?
17. Ron had a (success) career and worked for Ford before retiring and leading a relaxed life.?
18. As they couldn't play outdoors, they were (happy), and some even got into fights from time to time.?
19. My aunt advised that I needed to go to hospital, and the treatment she provided gave my parents (value) time to take me to the hospital.?
20. We can start the habit by writing learning summaries and remember to record something (impress)and meaningful.?
【单句改错】
1. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.
2.They were also the best and worse years in my life.
3.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.
4.Dad and I were terrible worried.
5.On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field.
【语篇语法填空】
When you are thirsty, you can drink some green tea. It tastes good and it's very healthy. The Chinese 1. (know)about the benefits of green tea since ancient times, and they use 2. to treat everything from headaches to depression. They have 3. (actual)been using green tea as a medicine for over 6,000 years.?
Nowadays, there is scientific evidence of the health benefits of green tea. According to one study 4. (publish)in a cancer research journal, drinking green tea 5. (reduce)the risk of some types of cancers in Chinese men and women 6. nearly sixty per cent. The USA researchers have also found that green tea may prevent the 7. (grow)of cancer cells. There is also new evidence 8. green tea can help to destroy bacteria in our bodies. It is especially effective at getting rid of the bacteria on your 9. (tooth) and keep them healthy!?
According to the Chinese proverb, “It is 10. (good) to go without food for three days, than tea for one.” So, in brief, you should definitely try a cup of green tea. It seems that it can only do you good.?
参考答案：
【单句语法填空】
1.successful
2.worse
3.greater
4.officially
5.regularly
6.as
7.gradually
8.Fortunately
9.regularly
10.especially
11.greater
12.freezing
13.surprising
14.powerful
15.more
16.harder
17.successful
18.unhappy
19.valuable
20.impressive
【单句改错】
1.suddenly改为sudden
2.worse改为worst
3.seriously改为serious
4. terrible改为terribly
5.easy改为easily
【语篇语法填空】
1. have known
2. it
3. actually
4. published
5. reduces
6. by
7. growth
8. that
9. teeth
10. better