外研版（2019） 必修 第三册 Unit 3 The world of science 单元素养评估知识基础练含解析

单元素养评估(三)
(120分钟　150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What
did
the
man
do
last
night?
A．He
worked
all
last
night.
B．He
played
all
last
night.
C．He
slept
all
last
night.
2．What
is
the
old
town
surrounded
by?
A．Forests.
B．Mountains.
C．A
river.
3．Where
does
the
woman
have
to
get
off?
A．At
the
Bank
of
China.
B．At
the
post
office.
C．At
the
next
stop.
4．Why
does
the
man
refuse
the
woman?
A．He
doesn't
have
a
car.
B．He'll
be
using
his
car.
C．She
doesn't
drive.
5．Where
does
the
woman
want
to
go?
A．The
shopping
center.
B．The
traffic
light.
C．The
Grand
Hotel.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6．In
which
way
does
the
box
go
faster
but
cost
more?
A．Second
class.
B．First
class.
C．To
a
foreign
country.
7．What
does
the
man
compare
before
making
a
decision?
A．Weight
and
stamps.
B．Price
and
time.
C．Forms
and
value.
8．What
else
is
the
man
advised
to
do?
A．To
put
down
a
returning
address.
B．To
buy
second
class
stamps.
C．To
pay
the
right
amount
of
money.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9．Why
does
the
woman
want
to
go
to
the
library?
A．To
return
some
books.
B．To
borrow
some
new
books.
C．To
find
some
test
papers.
10．When
does
the
library
close?
A．At
9：00.
B．At
9：40.
C．At
10：00.
11．What
does
the
man
ask
the
woman
to
do?
A．He
asks
her
to
return
some
books
for
him.
B．He
asks
her
to
borrow
some
books
for
him.
C．He
asks
her
to
go
to
the
library
with
him.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12．What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
two
speakers?
A．Teacher
and
student.
B．Husband
and
wife.
C．Manager
and
secretary.
13．Where
are
the
two
speakers
going?
A．The
airport.
B．The
railway
station.
C．The
bus
station.
14．Why
do
the
speakers
call
Brenda?
A．To
ask
her
to
change
clothes.
B．To
ask
her
when
Mother
arrives.
C．To
ask
her
if
she
can
go
with
them.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where
is
Mary
going?
A．Her
home.
B．The
park.
C．The
zoo.
16．Why
doesn't
Mary
like
walking
through
the
street?
A．It's
too
cold.
B．There
are
too
many
people.
C．It
isn't
interesting.
17．When
does
the
conversation
most
likely
take
place?
A．Late
in
the
morning.
B．In
the
late
afternoon.
C．Early
in
the
morning.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．How
long
is
the
speaker
staying
in
Finland?
A．The
whole
winter.
B．For
two
weeks.
C．For
three
weeks.
19．Why
is
she
in
Finland?
A．To
buy
clothes.
B．To
attend
a
conference.
C．To
experience
the
weather.
20．What
was
the
speaker's
biggest
problem
with
preparing
the
trip?
A．Getting
the
right
kind
of
clothes.
B．Getting
used
to
the
weather.
C．Selling
warm
clothes.
第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Last
week,
Donna
Strickland
was
awarded
the
2018
Nobel
Prize
for
physics
jointly
with
Arthur
Ashkin
and
Gérard
Mourou.
It's
the
first
time
in
55
years
that
a
woman
has
won
this
famous
prize,
but
why
has
it
taken
so
long?
We
look
at
five
other
pioneering
female
physicists—past
and
present—who
actually
deserve
the
prize.
Jocelyn
Bell
Burnell
Perhaps
the
most
famous
snub
(冷落):
then
student
Bell
discovered
the
first
radio
pulsar
(射电脉冲星)
in
1967,
when
she
was
a
PhD
student
at
Cambridge.
The
Nobel
Prize
that
recognized
this
landmark
discovery
in
1974,
however,
went
to
her
male
supervisor,
Antony
Hewish.
Recently
awarded
a
￡2.3m
Breakthrough
Prize,
which
she
gave
away
to
help
under?represented
students,
she
joked
to
the
Guardian,
“I
feel
I've
done
very
well
out
of
not
getting
a
Nobel
Prize.”
Lene
Hau
Hau
is
best
known
for
leading
the
research
team
at
Harvard
University
in
1999
that
managed
to
slow
a
beam
of
light,
before
managing
to
stop
it
completely
in
2001.
Often
topping
Nobel
Prize
prediction
lists,
could
2020
be
Hau's
year?
Vera
Rubin
Rubin
discovered
dark
matter
in
the
1980s,
opening
up
a
new
field
of
astronomy.
She
died
in
2016,
without
recognition
from
the
committee.
Chien?Shiung
Wu
Wu's
“Wu
experiment”
helped
disprove
the
“parity
conservation
law
(简称守恒定律)”.
Her
experimental
work
was
helpful
but
never
honoured,
but
her
male
colleagues
won
the
1957
Nobel
Prize
for
their
theoretical
work
behind
the
study.
Lise
Meitner
Meitner
led
groundbreaking
work
on
the
discovery
of
nuclear
fission.
However,
the
discovery
was
acknowledged
by
the
1944
Nobel
Prize
for
chemistry,
which
was
won
by
her
male
co?lead,
Otto
Hahn.
21．When
was
the
discovery
of
the
first
radio
pulsar
recognized
by
the
Nobel?
A．In
1944.
B．In
1967.
C．In
1974.
D．In
1980.
22．Which
woman
is
most
likely
to
win
a
Nobel
Prize
later
according
to
the
text?
A．Donna
Strickland.
B．Jocelyn
Bell
Burnell.
C．Lene
Hau.
D．Vera
Rubin.
23．What
do
we
know
about
the
five
females?
A．The
five
female
scientists
did
greatly
in
chemistry.
B．Vera
Rubin
had
opened
up
a
new
field
in
geometry.
C．Lise
Meitner's
teacher
won
a
Noble
Prize
for
her
work.
D．All
their
findings
haven't
been
recognized
by
the
Nobel.
B
Benjamin
West,
the
father
of
American
painting,
showed
his
talent
for
art
when
he
was
only
six
years
of
age.
But
he
did
not
know
about
brushes
before
a
visitor
told
him
he
needed
one.
In
those
days,
a
brush
was
made
from
camel's
hair.
There
were
no
camels
nearby.
Benjamin
decided
that
cat
hair
would
work
instead.
He
cut
some
fur
from
the
family
cat
to
make
a
brush.
The
brush
did
not
last
long.
Soon
Benjamin
needed
more
fur.
Before
long,
the
cat
began
to
look
ragged(蓬乱).
His
father
said
that
the
cat
must
be
sick.
Benjamin
was
forced
to
admit
what
he
had
been
doing.
The_cat's_lot_was_about_to_improve.
That
year,
one
of
Benjamin's
cousins,
Mr.
Pennington,
came
to
visit.
He
was
impressed
with
Benjamin's
drawings.
When
he
went
home,
he
sent
Benjamin
a
box
of
paint
and
some
brushes.
He
also
sent
six
engravings
(版画)
by
an
artist.
These
were
the
first
pictures
and
first
real
paint
and
brushes
Benjamin
had
ever
seen.
In
1747,
when
Benjamin
was
nine
years
old,
Mr.
Pennington
returned
for
another
visit.
He
was
amazed
at
what
Benjamin
had
done
with
his
gift.
He
asked
Benjamin's
parents
if
he
might
take
the
boy
back
to
Philadelphia
for
a
visit.
In
the
city,
Mr.
Pennington
gave
Benjamin
materials
for
creating
oil
paintings.
The
boy
began
a
landscape(风景)
painting.
William
Williams,
a
well?known
painter,
came
to
see
him
work.
Williams
was
impressed
with
Benjamin
and
gave
him
two
classic
books
on
painting
to
take
home.
The
books
were
long
and
dull.
Benjamin
could
read
only
a
little,
having
been
a
poor
student.
But
he
later
said,
“Those
two
books
were
my
companions
by
day,
and
under
my
pillow
at
night.”
While
it
is
likely
that
he
understood
very
little
of
the
books,
they
were
his
introduction
to
classical
paintings.
The
nine?year?old
boy
decided
then
that
he
would
be
an
artist.
24．What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A．Benjamin's
visit
to
Philadelphia.
B．Williams'
influence
on
Benjamin.
C．The
beginning
of
Benjamin's
life
as
an
artist.
D．The
friendship
between
Benjamin
and
Pennington.
25．What
does
the
underlined
sentence
in
Paragraph
3
suggest?
A.
The
cat
would
be
closely
watched.
B．The
cat
would
get
some
medical
care.
C．Benjamin
would
leave
his
home
shortly.
D．Benjamin
would
have
real
brushes
soon.
26．What
did
Pennington
do
to
help
Benjamin
develop
his
talent?
.
A．He
took
him
to
see
painting
exhibitions.
B．He
provided
him
with
painting
materials.
C．He
sent
him
to
a
school
in
Philadelphia.
D．He
taught
him
how
to
make
engravings.
27．Williams'
two
books
helped
Benjamin
to________.
A．master
the
use
of
paints
B．appreciate
landscape
paintings
C．get
to
know
other
painters
D．make
up
his
mind
to
be
a
painter
C
Dogs
are
considered
by
many
to
be
man's
best
friends
and
with
millions
of
dogs
owned
by
families
in
the
US,
it
is
highly
likely
that
many
dogs
are
in
need
of
some
amount
of
training.
Since
dogs
can
hear
sounds
at
much
higher
frequencies
(频率)
than
humans,
there
is
a
wonderful
tool
for
the
training
of
a
dog.
It
is
an
app
(应用程序)
called
the
Dog
Whistle.
This
isn't
your
typical
whistle
in
that
it
produces
sounds
at
a
frequency
that
is
unable
to
be
heard
by
humans.
This
unique
app
will
allow
you
to
train
your
dog
without
the
need
of
a
dog
whistle.
The
Dog
Whistle
free
app
was
created
by
an
app
developer
Maoli
Wang
specifically
for
dog
owners
who
are
looking
for
a
way
to
communicate
with
their
dogs
in
order
to
be
able
to
either
train
them
or
alert
(使警觉)
them
when
the
noise
around
is
too
great
for
them
to
hear
the
owners
call
them.
By
simply
fixing
the
app
on
your
phone,
it
will
immediately
turn
itself
into
a
dog
whistle.
The
app
includes
a
very
powerful
system
that
is
able
to
create
different
tones
ranging
from
16,000
to
40,000
Hz
in
order
for
a
dog
to
be
able
to
hear
it.
The
app
also
has
an
on?screen
sound
meter
in
order
for
the
users
to
monitor
the
sound
level
being
produced.
In
that
way,
they
can
decide
on
which
frequency
works
best
for
their
dogs.
What's
more,
the
app
easily
produces
the
requested
tones
at
the
frequencies
necessary
to
be
used
to
communicate
with
your
dog
by
simply
tapping
the
screen
of
your
phone.
The
app
was
designed
to
be
used
in
place
of
a
dog
whistle
in
order
to
get
your
dogs'
attention
when
it
is
too
noisy
around
them.
The
sound
produced
through
the
app
is
at
a
level
that
only
dogs
are
able
to
hear
and
they
will
respond
to
the
sound.
If
you
own
a
dog
who
is
having
behavioural
issues,
you
would
surely
benefit
from
the
Dog
Whistle
free
app
available
by
clicking
here.
28．What
is
the
development
of
the
app
based
on
according
to
the
first
paragraph?
A．Dogs'
good
hearing.
B．People's
love
for
dogs.
C．The
use
of
smartphones.
D．Dog
owners'
interest
in
training.
29．How
does
the
app
help
in
training
a
dog?
A．It
records
the
ways
the
dog
responds
to
sounds.
B．It
produces
beautiful
sounds
that
interest
the
dog.
C．It
produces
whistles
at
a
frequency
intended
for
the
dog.
D．It
suggests
a
proper
way
to
communicate
with
the
dog.
30．Where
is
the
app
advised
to
be
used?
A．In
a
strange
situation.
B．In
a
noisy
situation.
C．In
an
unsafe
situation.
D．In
a
difficult
situation.
31．Where
is
the
text
probably
from?
A．A
magazine.
B．A
newspaper.
C．A
website.
D．A
radio
programme.
D
We've
all
been
there:
in
a
lift,
in
line
at
the
bank
or
on
an
airplane,
surrounded
by
people
who
are,
like
us,
deeply
focused
on
their
smartphones
or,
worse,
struggling
with
the
uncomfortable
silence.
What's
the
problem?
It's
possible
that
we
all
have
compromised
conversational
intelligence.
It's
more
likely
that
none
of
us
start
a
conversation
because
it's
awkward
and
challenging,
or
we
think
it's
annoying
and
unnecessary.
But
the
next
time
you
find
yourself
among
strangers,
consider
that
small
talk
is
worth
the
trouble.
Experts
say
it's
an
invaluable
social
practice
that
results
in
big
benefits.
Dismissing
small
talk
as
unimportant
is
easy,
but
we
can't
forget
that
deep
relationships
wouldn't
even
exist
if
it
weren't
for
casual
conversation.
Small
talk
is
the
grease
(润滑剂)
for
social
communication,
says
Bernardo
Carducci,
director
of
the
Shyness
Research
Institute
at
Indiana
University
Southeast.
“Almost
every
great
love
story
and
each
big
business
deal
begins
with
small
talk，”
he
explains.
“The
key
to
successful
small
talk
is
learning
how
to
connect
with
others,
not
just
communicate
with
them.”
In
a
2014
study,
Elizabeth
Dunn,
associate
professor
of
psychology
at
UBC,
invited
people
on
their
way
into
a
coffee
shop.
One
group
was
asked
to
seek
out
an
interaction(互动)
with
its
waiter;
the
other,
to
speak
only
when
necessary.
The
results
showed
that
those
who
chatted
with
their
server
reported
significantly
higher
positive
feelings
and
a
better
coffee
shop
experience.
“It's
not
that
talking
to
the
waiter
is
better
than
talking
to
your
husband，”says
Dunn.
“But
interactions
with
peripheral
(边缘的)
members
of
our
social
network
matter
for
our
well?being
also.”
Dunn
believes
that
people
who
reach
out
to
strangers
feel
a
significantly
greater
sense
of
belonging,
a
bond
with
others.
Carducci
believes
developing
such
a
sense
of
belonging
starts
with
small
talk.
“Small
talk
is
the
basis
of
good
manners，”
he
says.
32.
What
phenomenon
is
described
in
the
first
paragraph?
A．Addiction
to
smartphones.
B．Inappropriate
behaviours
in
public
places.
C．Absence
of
communication
between
strangers.
D．Impatience
with
slow
service.
33．What
is
important
for
successful
small
talk
according
to
Carducci?
A．Showing
good
manners.
B．Relating
to
other
people.
C．Focusing
on
a
topic.
D．Making
business
deals.
34．What
does
the
coffee?shop
study
suggest
about
small
talk?
A．It
improves
family
relationships.
B．It
raises
people's
confidence.
C．It
matters
as
much
as
a
formal
talk.
D．It
makes
people
feel
good.
35．What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Conversation
Counts
B．Ways
of
Making
Small
Talk
C．Benefits
of
Small
Talk
D．Uncomfortable
Silence
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How
to
Make
a
Great
First
Impression
You've
heard
it
a
million
times
already,
but
it
really
does
take
but
a
few
seconds
to
make
that
all—important
first
impression.
Here
are
some
easy
ways
for
you
to
impress
your
classmates
or
teachers.
?__36__
Before
you
shake
hands
with
somebody,
make
sure
that
your
hands
are
clean.
The
handshake
should
not
be
too
strong
or
weak.
Most
people
use
their
right
hands,
unless
they
have
a
reason
to
use
the
left.__37__
?Be
on
time
When
meeting
someone
for
the
first
time,
arriving
on
time
is
as
important
as
breathing.
You
may
have
an
excuse,
but
that
will
leave
the
person
who
hardly
knows
you
with
a
bad
impression.__38__
It's
better
to
be
hanging
around
the
place
than
be
stuck
in
traffic.
?Introduce
yourself
and
ask
for
names
Make
sure
you
properly
introduce
yourself.
Ask
for
their
name
in
a
polite
way.
__39__
This
will
increase
the
chances
of
their
remembering
your
name
in
the
future.
Always
remember
to
stand
up
when
greeting
someone
and
be
sure
to
introduce
them
to
anyone
you're
with.
?Make
good
conversation
To
get
the
most
out
of
your
discussion,
try
to
find
something
common
between
the
two
of
you.
__40__
A
person
will
feel
more
comfortable
with
someone
they
can
relate
to
(产生共鸣)．
A．Use
body
language
B．Have
a
proper
handshake
C．Repeat
the
name
and
use
it
later
in
conversation.
D．As
a
general
rule,
plan
to
arrive
about
30
minutes
early.
E．It
could
be
a
similar
taste
in
clothes
or
a
common
hobby.
F．You'll
be
in
serious
trouble
if
you
leave
them
with
a
bad
impression.
G．However,
don't
have
your
left
hand
in
your
pocket
because
this
appears
impolite.
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I
was
walking
home
from
school
one
day
and
it
happened
to
be
a
particularly
cold
and
windy
day.
It
was__41__
and
I
was
crazy
enough
to
forget
my
hat
and
scarf.
You
can
imagine
my
cheeks
were
rosy
red
and
my
hands
were
as
numb
as
they
could
be.
All
of
a
sudden,
an
old
lady
__42__
up
beside
me
and
asked
if
I
would
like
a
ride
home.
At
first,
I
said
it
was
OK
and
her
__43__
smile
melted(融化)
away
the
thought
that
I
should
never
talk
to
strangers!
We
had
an
amazing
chat
and
she
was
just
__44__
a
good
woman.
She
told
me
her
address
and
she
dropped
me
off.
I
didn't
see
her
or
talk
to
her
for
about
a
month
and
one
night
as
I
__45__
her
kind
gesture,
I
decided
to
return
the
favor.
So,
I
made
a
lot
of
__46__
and
walked
down
to
her
house
with
my
friend.
At
first
I
was
a
bit
__47__
she
wouldn't
remember
me
or
think
that
I
was
a
bad
man
who
poisoned
cookies
but
luckily,
I
was
__48__
wrong.
She
was
so
happy,
and
she
hugged
me
and
kissed
me
and
seemed
so
__49__
that
someone
would
do
something
like
that!
When
I
got
home
my
mom
told
me
that
the
old
lady
__50__
and
told
my
mom
on
the
phone
that
she
__51__
because
she
was
so
touched.
She
said
she
would
never
__52__
the
kindness
that
was
given
to
her!
That
filled
me
with
such
__53__！
There
really
is
nothing
else
joyful
like
helping
__54__
and
making
someone's
day
__55__！
41．A.
flowing
B．flying
C．blowing
D．freezing
42．A.
drove
B．took
C．picked
D．turned
43．A.
simple
B．strange
C．warm
D．easy
44．A.
that
B．as
C．so
D.
such
45．A.
repeated
B．regretted
C．remembered
D．forgot
46．A.
cookies
B．sweets
C．bread
D．salad
47．A.
confused
B．worried
C．nervous
D．disappointed
48．A.
hardly
B．usually
C．generally
D．completely
49．A.
satisfied
B．fearful
C．puzzled
D．surprised
50．A.
drove
B．called
C．visited
D．came
51．A.
left
B．laughed
C．cried
D．slept
52．A.
forget
B．imagine
C．permit
D．pardon
53．A.
puzzle
B．happiness
C．sadness
D．interest
54．A.
another
B．other
C．others
D．the
other
55．A.
easier
B．harder
C．busier
D．brighter
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yu
Rong,
a
Chinese
artist,
thinks
of
a
new
way
to
introduce
56.________
ancient
story
of
Hua
Mulan
in
her
picture
book.
In
the
book,
I
Am
Hua
Mulan,
she
tells
the
story
by
57.________
(combine)
paper?cutting
with
international
artistic
styles.
She
places
Shananxi
paper?cuts
over
western?style
pencil
sketches(素描)
58.________
(create)
a
typical
presentation
of
Chinese
elements(要素),
which
turns
out
to
be
a
59.________
(success)
and
impressive
breakthrough.
Hua
Mulan,
60.________
story
has
been
told
by
generations
in
China,
was
a
fighter
from
the
Northern
Wei
Dynasty(386—534).
As
a
devoted
daughter,
she
dressed
herself
as
a
man
to
serve
in
the
army
61.________place
of
her
father.
Mulan's
characteristics,
such
as
courage,
kindness
and
a
disinterested
attitude
toward
fame
and
fortune,
made
62.________
(she)
one
of
the
most
respected
historical
Chinese
heroines.
Mulan's
story
has
been
adapted
63.________
(frequent)
in
modern
media.
For
example,
in
1998,
Disney
produced
a
film
named
Mulan,
which
64.________
(consider)
a
great
success
by
critics
and
the
public.
To
better
tell
the
story,
Yu
Rong
takes
inspiration
from
her
several
65.________
(visit)
to
sites
of
ancient
battles
and
Henan
Province's
Yu
Opera.
After
years
of
preparation
she
finally
makes
this
extraordinary
work.
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是新华中学学生李华，“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛将在中国举办。组委会向社会征集志愿者，请按给出的要求给组委会写一封应聘信。
要求：
1.热情、有礼貌；
2.熟悉中国传统文化；
3.英语口语流利。
生词：“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛the
Belt
and
Road
Forum
for
International
Cooperation
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li
Hua
第二节　概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
A
class
pet
can
be
an
invaluable
experience
for
elementary
school
children.
The
pet
can
teach
responsibility,
build
a
connection
to
the
classroom,
serve
as
a
motivator,
and
be
something
for
the
children
to
love.
If
the
teacher
is
willing
to
take
on
the
added
responsibility
of
caring
for
an
animal
in
addition
to
all
of
the
children
in
the
classroom,
a
class
pet
can
be
a
wonderful
addition
to
a
class.
Many
factors
need
to
be
taken
into
consideration
when
choosing
a
class
pet.
It
cannot
be
too
big,
as
classrooms
generally
have
limited
space.
Cost
should
also
be
considered
since
the
teacher
will
likely
have
to
pay
for
the
pet,
its
food
and
its
habitat.
It
must
also
be
somewhat
hardy
(耐寒的).
Each
particular
type
of
animal
has
its
advantages
and
disadvantages,
and
a
teacher
must
weigh
these
and
make
a
decision
about
which
one
is
right
for
his
or
her
class.
Birds
are
physically
more
delicate
(娇养的
)
than
many
other
animals.
They
will
not
survive
in
drafts
(气流)
and
need
a
somewhat
regulated
temperature
in
their
environment.
Many
birds
are
quite
social
and
do
best
with
other
birds
or
when
being
handled
routinely
by
people
who
can
be
appropriate
for
them.
Young
children
are
not
likely
to
have
the
skill
to
handle
a
bird
without
harming
it,
making
it
a
poor
choice
for
a
class
pet.
Some
reptiles
are
beautiful
to
look
at
but
are
delicate,
afraid
of
cold,
light
sensitivity
or
poisonous
and
shouldn't
be
handled
by
children.
Others
are
more
hardy
but
require
expensive
habitats.
Most
snakes
eat
rats
and
mice,
which
may
be
a
frightening
thing
for
small
children
to
witness.
A
hardy
fish,
such
as
a
betta,
is
a
good
low?cost
option
for
a
class
pet.
They
are
obviously
not
huggable
or
able
to
be
caught
by
children.
Besides,
they
are
inexpensive,
have
relatively
long
life
spans，and
can
be
kept
in
a
simple
fish
bowl.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
单元素养评估(三)
第一部分
听力材料
(Text
1)
W：You
look
terrible.
What
on
earth
is
the
matter?
M：I
was
up
all
last
night
typing
out
my
report.
(Text
2)
W：Where
do
you
live?
M：I
live
in
a
very
old
town
which
is
surrounded
by
beautiful
woods.
(Text
3)
W：Does
this
bus
go
to
the
Bank
of
China?
M：Yes，get
off
at
the
post
office
and
walk
straight
ahead
for
about
two
minutes.
(Text
4)
W：Would
you
mind
if
I
borrowed
your
car
just
over
the
weekend?
M：I'm
sorry,
but
it's
just
not
possible，because
I'm
visiting
my
mother
this
weekend.
(Text
5)
W：Can
you
help
me
out?
I'm
trying
to
find
the
Grand
Hotel.
M：Turn
right
at
the
traffic
light.
It
is
next
to
the
shopping
center.
(Text
6)
M：I'd
like
to
mail
this
box
to
Hong
Kong.
How
much
will
it
be,
please?
W：Do
you
want
to
send
it
first
class
or
second
class?
M：How
much
is
first
class
and
how
long
does
it
take?
W：It's
a
light
box.
First
class
would
cost
$
8.20.
I
guess
it
will
take
about
eight
to
ten
days
to
arrive.
M：And
second
class?
W：Sending
it
second
class
would
be
cheaper,
but
it
wouldn't
arrive
for
a
month.
You'll
pay
only
$
4.90.
M：Oh,
I
want
it
to
arrive
earlier
than
that.
I'll
mail
it
first
class.
W：What's
in
the
box?
I
need
to
know
in
order
to
complete
the
form.
M：A
set
of
glasses.
Are
there
any
other
forms
I
need
to
fill
out
because
it's
going
to
a
foreign
country?
W：Yes，one
more.
You
will
have
to
write
clearly
what
is
in
the
box
and
the
value.
M：Here
it
is.
W：You
forgot
to
put
a
returning
address
on
this
box.
It's
a
post
office
rule,
but
we
usually
advise
people
that
all
mails
have
a
proper
returning
address.
M：OK.
I'll
do
it
right
now.
I'll
also
buy
ten
60－cent
stamps.
W：Let's
see.
The
box
and
the
stamps.
Your
total
bill
comes
to
$14.20.
M：Thank
you.
Have
a
nice
day.
(Text
7)
W：What
time
is
it
now?
M：It
is
half
past
nine.
W：It
is
said
that
our
library
has
got
some
new
books.
I
want
to
go
and
have
a
look.
Do
you
think
I'll
have
enough
time
to
get
there
before
it
closes?
M：I
can't
tell.
What
time
does
it
close?
W：About
10
o'clock.
M：Can
you
make
it
in
half
an
hour?
Anyhow
it's
not
far
from
here.
By
the
way,
can
you
return
some
books
for
me?
W：OK,
no
problem!
Do
you
know
what
the
new
books
are
about?
I
need
some
books
about
English
writing
for
my
term
paper.
M：I
heard
that
most
of
the
new
books
are
about
English
grammar
and
writing.
All
of
them
are
the
latest
publications.
I
am
sure
there
are
some
you
need.
W：That's
great.
Oh,
it's
already
9：40.
There
are
only
20
minutes
left.
I'd
better
get
going.
See
you!
M：See
you!
(Text
8)
W：What
time
does
Mother's
plane
arrive?
M：I'm
not
sure,
but
I
think
it
is
at
2：13.
I'll
call
the
airport
to
make
sure.
W：Why
don't
you
do
that
while
I
change
my
clothes?
M：Do
you
think
Dick
or
Brenda
wants
to
go?
W：I
don't
know.
I
think
we
can
call
them.
M：I
know
Dick
has
to
work，but
maybe
Brenda
can
go.
W：OK,
call
her
first,
then
the
airport.
I'll
go
and
get
ready.
(Text
9)
M：Hello,
Mary.
Why
are
you
standing
here
in
the
cold
wind?
W：I'm
waiting
for
a
bus;
but
the
buses
are
very
full
at
this
time
of
day.
M：Where
are
you
going?
This
isn't
your
way
home.
You
must
take
a
bus
from
the
other
side
of
the
street
to
go
home.
W：I'm
not
going
home
now.
I'm
going
for
a
walk
in
the
park.
I
always
like
to
go
for
a
walk
before
lunch.
M：Then
why
not
walk
from
here
to
the
park，too?
It
isn't
very
far.
W：Oh,
no,
Bill.
It
isn't
very
interesting
to
walk
through
the
street;
in
fact,
it's
very
boring.
So
I
always
take
a
No.
3
bus.
(Text
10)
Yes，you
are
right.
I
am
from
South
Africa.
I
am
not
at
all
used
to
cold
weather,
but
I
am
glad
to
say
that
I
have
all
the
clothes
for
the
freezing
weather.
When
I
first
got
to
know
that
I
would
be
attending
this
international
conference
here
in
Finland，I
had
no
idea
what
kind
of
clothes
I
should
take
along.
I
didn't
know
what
to
do
when
I
thought
of
this
two－week
stay
here,
with
a
rather
formal
dinner,
a
few
parties,
social
gatherings
and
a
dance
during
the
conference.
Fortunately,
my
friend
Julia
has
been
to
North
Europe.
Yes,
she
was
a
great
help.
She
helped
to
solve
my
biggest
problem.
She
placed
an
order
for
some
warm
suits
and
dresses,
business－type
clothes,
of
course,
of
dark
colors.
She
also
bought
me
some
shirts
and
blouse
so
I
could
wear
the
same
clothes
in
several
different
ways.
A
couple
of
lively
colored
dresses
will
give
me
a
nice
change
from
time
to
time.
She
also
helped
to
choose
a
very
warm
raincoat
and
a
pair
of
boots.
Oh,
how
lucky
I
am
to
have
a
helpful
friend.
She
saved
me
a
lot
of
trouble.
答案：1～5　AABBC　6～10　BBABC
11～15　ABACB　16～20　CABBA
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了五位开创性的女物理学家，她们在科学研究方面做出了巨大贡献，她们应该获诺贝尔奖但由于种种原因而未能获得。
21．答案与解析：C　
细节理解题。根据Jocelyn
Bell
Burnell中“then
student
Bell
discovered
the
first
radio
pulsars
in
1967”及“The
Nobel
Prize
that
recognized
this
landmark
discovery
in
1974...”可知，第一个射电脉冲星在1967年被发现，被诺贝尔奖所承认是在1974年，故选C项。
22．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据Lene
Hau中“Often
topping
Nobel
Prize
prediction
lists”可知，Lene
Hau经常被列于诺贝尔奖预测名单的榜首，她最有可能获诺贝尔奖，故选C项。
23．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，Donna
Strickland是55年来第一个获诺贝尔物理学奖的女性，而文中介绍的5位女科学家都应该获得这个奖，但由于各种原因未能获奖，故选D项。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国绘画之父本杰明·韦斯特小时候的艺术启蒙。
24．答案与解析：C　考查主旨大意。根据文章第一段首句“Benjamin
West...
when
he
was
only
six
years
of
age。”以及第四段首句“In
1747，when
Benjamin
was
nine
years
old”和最后一段，并结合全文可知，全文主要讲述了本杰明·韦斯特少年时代的艺术启蒙，故选C项。
25．答案与解析：D　考查句意理解。该句需要结合上下文来理解，第二段提到本杰明剪猫的毛来制作画笔，导致猫惨遭“毁毛破相”，而下文又提到本杰明的堂兄Pennington给他送来了颜料和画笔。由此可以推知，画线句说明“猫的命运得到了改善”，隐含着“本杰明将得到真正的画笔”，故选D项。
26．答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据文章第五段首句“In
the
city，Mr.
Pennington
gave
Benjamin
materials
for
creating
oil
paintings”可知，为了更好地发展本杰明的绘画天赋，堂兄Pennington给了他很多帮助，提供了创作油画的材料，故选B项。
27．答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段本杰明说的话以及“While
it
is
likely
that
he
understood...The
nine?year?old
boy
decided
then
that
he
would
be
an
artist”可推知，Williams给本杰明的两本关于绘画的著作帮助本杰明打开了艺术之门，使他立志成为艺术家，故选D项。
C
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款能和狗“沟通”的应用程序。
28．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Since
dogs
can
hear
sounds
at
much
higher
frequencies
than
humans,
there
is
a
wonderful
tool
for
the
training
of
a
dog.”可知，这款应用程序的开发基于狗的听觉，故选A项。
29．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，该应用程序能够发出特定频率的哨声用来训练狗。故选C项。
30．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“when
the
noise
around
is
too
great
for
them
to
hear
the
owners
call
them”及最后一段第一句可知，建议在嘈杂的环境中使用这个应用程序，故选B项。
31．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“you
would
surely
benefit
from
the
Dog
Whistle
free
app
available
by
clicking
here”可以推知，这篇文章可能出自一个网站，故选C项。
D
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“small
talk(闲聊)”的重要性及其意义。
32．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。题干句意：第一段描述的是什么现象？根据第一段描述(无论我们身在何处，在电梯里、在银行排队或者在飞机上，我们周围的人或是像我们一样在埋头看智能手机，或是更坏，在和令人不安的沉默做斗争)可知，C项“陌生人之间缺乏交流”和首段描述一致，故答案为C项。A项“手机控”只是该段描述现象时举的例子；B项“公共场合的不恰当行为”与首段意思不符；D项“对缓慢的服务缺乏耐心”和第一段的描述无关。
33．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。题干句意：根据Carducci的说法，对于成功的闲聊来说什么是重要的？根据第三段最后一句(成功的闲聊的关键是学会如何同他人建立联系而不仅仅是同他们交流)可知，B项“能够理解并认同他人”符合题意，故答案为B项。本题干扰项为A“显示良好的行为举止”，错因在于锁定的句子“最后一段最后一句(闲聊是良好举止的基础)”和题干要求不一致，答非所问；D项“做生意”受第三段第三句(几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一单大的生意都源于闲聊)的影响，犯了逻辑推理错误；C项“聚焦一个话题”在文中没有涉及。
34．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。题干句意：关于闲聊，咖啡店调研表明了什么？根据第四段中的内容(结果表明那些同服务生闲聊的人明显有更高的积极情感和较好的咖啡店体验。不是同服务生交谈比和你的丈夫交谈更好，而是同社交网络的边缘人员的互动也对我们的健康和幸福很重要)可知，D项“它使得人们感觉良好”与题意相符，故答案为D项。A项“它改善家庭关系”、B项“它提升人们的自信”和C项“它和正式交谈一样重要”在文章中没有涉及，属于主观臆断。
35．答案与解析：C　主旨大意题。题干句意：文章最好的标题是什么？根据第二段最后一句(专家说闲聊是一种可带来巨大益处的极有价值的社交行为)以及最后一段最后一句(闲聊是良好举止的基础)可知，C项“闲聊的益处”与题干要求一致，故答案为C项。A项“会话很重要”为干扰项，错在偷换概念，conversation(会话，交谈)和small
talk(闲聊)不是一个概念；文章没有就闲聊的方式或方法做具体的解释，故排除B项“进行闲聊的方式”；D项“令人不安的沉默”只是第一段提到的现象之一，而不是文章的主旨。
第二节
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了四条给别人留下好的第一印象的建议。
36．答案与解析：B　根据空后句“Before
you
shake
hands
with
somebody,
make
sure
that
your
hands
are
clean.
The
handshake
should
not
be
too
strong
or
weak.”可知，我们在和别人握手的时候，要保证你的手干净；握手不要太用力也不要太轻。这些都属于恰当的握手方法，故B项(适当握手)符合文意。
37．答案与解析：G　本段主要介绍恰当的握手方法。根据空前句“Most
people
use
their
right
hands,
unless
they
have
a
reason
to
use
the
left.”可知，大多数人使用右手握手，除非他们有理由使用左手。故G项(然而，不要把左手插在口袋里，因为这看起来不礼貌)符合上文语境。
38．答案与解析：D　根据空后句“It's
better
to
be
hanging
around
the
place
than
be
stuck
in
traffic.”可知，在见面的地方闲逛要比遇到交通堵塞更好。故D项(一般来说，提前30分钟到达)符合下文语境。
39．答案与解析：C　根据空前句“Ask
for
their
name
in
a
polite
way.”可知，要用礼貌的方法询问对方的名字。故C项(重复这个名字，稍后在对话中使用)符合上文语境。
40．答案与解析：E　根据空前句“To
get
the
most
out
of
your
discussion,
try
to
find
something
common
between
the
two
of
you.”可知，在对话时要努力找到对话双方的共同之处。故E项(这可能是相似的衣服品味或共同的爱好)符合上文语境。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】　
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去看望在一个寒冷的天气里让自己搭车回家的老妇人，并认识到没有什么事情比帮助他人更能让人感到快乐了。
41．答案与解析：D　根据空前的“a
particularly
cold
and
windy
day”可知天气非常寒冷。flowing平滑的；flying会飞的；blowing刮风的；
freezing极冷的，故选D。
42．答案与解析：A　根据空后的“asked
if
I
would
like
a
ride
home”可知一位老妇人开车驶到“我”身旁，问“我”是否需要搭车回家。drive驾驶；take拿；pick挑选；turn转动，故选A。
43．答案与解析：C　根据空后的“melted(融化)away
the
thought”可知这位老妇人温暖的笑容打消了“我”原有的想法。simple简单的；strange奇怪的；warm温暖的；easy容易的，故选C。
44．答案与解析：D　根据文章语境可知，通过聊天“我”发现她是如此好的一个人。“such＋a(n)＋形容词＋单数名词”为固定结构，表示“如此……的一个……”，故选D。
45．答案与解析：C　根据空后的“I
decided
to
return
the
favor”可知一个月后的一个晚上“我”想起了这位老妇人的善行，我决定报答她。repeat重复；regret后悔；remember想起；forget忘记，故选C。
46．答案与解析：A　根据下文中的“think
that
I
was
a
bad
man
who
poisoned
cookies”可知，“我”为她做了很多甜饼干。cookie甜饼干；
sweet糖果；bread面包；salad沙拉，故选A。
47．答案与解析：B　根据空后的“she
wouldn't
remember
me
or
think
that
I
was
a
bad
man
who
poisoned
cookies”可知“我”担心她不记得“我”或把“我”当成坏人。confused困惑的；worried担心的；nervous紧张的；disappointed失望的，故选B。
48．答案与解析：D　根据空后的“She
was
so
happy,
and
she
hugged
me
and
kissed
me”可知，事实证明“我”的想法完全错误，她看到“我”很高兴并热情地拥抱亲吻了“我”。hardly几乎不；usually通常；generally
一般地；completely完全地，故选D。
49．答案与解析：D　根据空后的“that
someone
would
do
something
like
that”可知“我”的做法让她感到很惊讶。satisfied满意的；fearful可怕的；puzzled困惑的；surprised吃惊的，故选D。
50．答案与解析：B　根据空后的“told
my
mom
on
the
phone”可知这位老妇人打电话给“我”妈妈。drive驾驶；call打电话；visit拜访；come来，故选B。
51．答案与解析：C　根据空后的“because
she
was
so
touched”可知她感动哭了。
leave离开；laugh笑；cry哭；sleep睡觉，故选C。
52．答案与解析：A　根据文章语境可知，她说永远也不会忘记“我”的好意。forget忘记；imagine想象；permit允许；pardon原谅，故选A。
53．答案与解析：B　根据空后的“There
really
is
nothing
else
joyful...”可知，听到老妇人这样说，“我”的心里充满了幸福。puzzle难题；
happiness幸福；sadness悲伤；interest兴趣，故选B。
54．答案与解析：C　根据文章语境可知，此处是说没有什么比帮助他人更让人感到快乐的事情了。another另一个；other其他；others其他人；the
other另一个，故选C。
55．答案与解析：D　上文说帮助他人，此处是说使别人的日子变得更明亮。
easier更容易；harder更难的；busier更忙碌；brighter更明亮，故选D。
第二节
【语篇解读】　本文介绍了中国艺术家郁蓉通过把中国的剪纸和国际上流行的艺术形式结合在一起，创作了含有中国元素的图画书《我是花木兰》。
56．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。此处特指花木兰的故事，应用定冠词，故填the。
57．答案与解析：combining　考查非谓语动词。在介词by后作宾语，应用动词?ing形式，故填combining。
58．答案与解析：to
create　考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to
create。
59．答案与解析：successful　考查形容词。and连接并列结构，此处and的后面是形容词impressive“给人深刻印象的”，故填successful。
60．答案与解析：whose　考查定语从句的关系词。空处引导一个定语从句，指代先行词Hua
Mulan，在定语从句中作story的定语，故填whose。
61．答案与解析：in　考查介词。in
place
of是固定短语，表示“替代”，故填in。
62．答案与解析：her　考查代词。在动词made后作宾语，应用宾格，故填her。
63．答案与解析：frequently　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词adapted作状语，故填frequently。
64．答案与解析：was
considered　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，which指代上文中的“a
film
named
Mulan”，与
consider是被动关系，且根据上文中的produced可知此处应用一般过去时，故填was
considered。
65．答案与解析：visits　考查名词复数。空前的several修饰可数名词复数，故填visits。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
Thank
you
for
reading
my
letter.
As
the
Belt
and
Road
Forum
for
International
Cooperation
is
coming,
I'd
like
very
much
to
be
a
volunteer.
First
of
all,
I
promise
I
will,
with
great
passion,
try
my
best
to
serve
our
distinguished
guests
from
home
and
abroad
politely.
Besides,
I
have
a
rich
knowledge
about
Chinese
history
and
especially
traditional
culture,
which
enables
me
to
spread
our
splendid
culture.
What's
more,
I'm
good
at
spoken
English
and
Chinese,
which
will
play
an
important
role
in
communication
during
the
forum.
To
sum
up,
I
believe
I
can
be
a
qualified
volunteer.
I
will
try
my
best
if
I'm
accepted.
Yours，
Li
Hua
第二节
参考范文：
A
class
pet
is
a
wonderful
addition
to
the
class,
which
can
develop
children's
responsibility,
build
a
connection,
act
as
a
motivator
and
be
something
to
love.
(要点1)
But
many
factors
need
considering
when
choosing
a
class
pet,
including
its
size,
cost,
advantages
and
disadvantages.(要点2)
Birds
and
reptiles
are
a
poor
choice
because
they
are
delicate
and
easy
to
be
harmed
by
children.
(要点3)
A
hardy
fish
can
be
an
ideal
class
pet,
for
it's
cheap,
long?lived
and
easy
to
raise.
(要点4)
PAGE