(共25张PPT)
第一篇
教材过关
Section
Ⅱ Using
language
1.Gregor
Mendel
chose
to
study
pea
plants
because
their
characteristics
were
easy
to
control.格雷戈尔·孟德尔选择研究豌豆植物,因为它们的特性易于控制。(教
材P53)
语言点1 characteristic
n.特征,特性
情境探究
①He
described
the
character
of
the
character
he
played
with
two
Chinese
characters.他用了两个汉字来描绘他所扮演的角色的性格。
新知清障·素养构建
②Her
behaviour
last
night
was
completely
out
of
character.
她昨晚的行为举止与她的性格完全不符。
③She
resembles
her
sister
in
appearance
but
not
in
character.
她外貌上像她的姐姐,
性格上却不同。
④Windmills
are
a
characteristic
feature
of
the
Mallorcan
landscape.风车是马略
卡岛风光的一个典型特色。
归纳拓展
(1)characteristic
adj.特有的,典型的
(2)character
n.性格,个性;特点;品质;(书、剧本、电影等中的)人物,角色;字;符
号
in
character
符合(某人的)性格
out
of
character
(与自身特性)不相符
(3)characterize
v.成为……的特征,以……为典型
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①Tough
times
are
always
good
times
for
team
character
building. ????
②Brave,
good
and
strong,
Xiulian
is
the
character
we
care
about
most.
??????
③Jim
and
Jack
are
good
friends,
but
they
are
different
from
each
other
in
charac-
ter.
????
品质
角色,人物
性格
(2)单句填空
④Bananas
have
their
own
????
(character)
smell.
⑤The
two
groups
of
children
have
quite
different
????
(character).
characteristic
characters
2.The
extinction
of
the
Pinta
Island
tortoise
is
blamed
on
humans.平塔岛乌龟的
灭绝被归咎于人类。(教材P53)
语言点2 blame
v.责怪,指责;把……归咎于
情境探究
①I
do
not
blame
them
for
trying
to
make
some
money.
我认为他们努力赚一些钱也是情有可原的。
②The
police
are
blaming
the
accident
on
dangerous
driving.
警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。
③The
boy
was
to
blame
for
what
he
had
done.
这个男孩因他的所作所为受到了责备。
④She'll
put
the
blame
on
us
if
it
turns
out
badly.
如果这件事结果不好,她会责怪我们的。
归纳拓展
(1)blame
sb./sth.
for
sth.
因某事而责怪某人/事
blame
sth.
on
sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/事
be
to
blame
(for
sth.)(对某事)负有责任
(2)blame
n.
(坏事或错事的)责任;责备;指责
lay/put
the
blame
for
sth.
on
sb.
把某事归咎于某人
误区警示
be
to
blame是主动形式表示被动意义。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①It's
your
fault.
How
can
you
put
the
blame
????
others?
②He
blamed
his
brother
????
breaking
the
window.
③Who
do
you
think
is
????
(blame)
for
the
accident?
(2)一句多译
他把失败归咎于我。
④He
blamed
the
failure
?.
⑤He
blamed
me
?.
on
for
to?blame
on?me
for?the?failure
3.After
goats
in
particular
had
been
brought
to
the
island,
the
Pinta
Island
tortoise
population
declined.特别是山羊被带到岛上后,平塔岛乌龟数量下降了。(教材
P53)
语言点3 decline
v.减少
情境探究
①The
number
of
staff
has
declined
from
217,000
to
114,000.
员工人数从
21.7万减少到了11.4万。
②The
band
declined
to
comment
on
the
story.
乐队拒绝对这一报道作任何评论。
③An
increase
in
cars
has
resulted
in
the
decline
of
public
transport.汽车的增加
导致了公共交通的减少。
④Thankfully,
the
smoking
of
cigarettes
is
on
the
decline.
庆幸的是,吸烟量在下降。
⑤Libraries
are
an
investment
for
the
future
and
they
should
not
be
allowed
to
fall
into
(a)
decline.图书馆是对未来的一项投资,不应任其日趋衰落。
归纳拓展
(1)decline
n.衰退;下降;减少
on
the
decline在下降
fall/go
into
(a)
decline开始衰落
(2)decline
v.婉言谢绝
decline
to
do
sth.拒绝做某事
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①The
number
of
tourists
to
the
place
of
interest
declined
by
10%
last
year.
????
???
②I
offered
to
give
them
a
lift
but
they
declined.
????
(2)单句填空
③The
number
of
pandas
in
the
wild
is
????
the
decline.
④When
he
got
home,
the
city
labour
office
declined
????
(help)
him
find
a
job.
下降,减少
谢绝
on
to?help
4.The
Giant
Tortoise
Reserve
on
Santa
Cruz
is
home
to
several
species
of
giant
tortoise
that
are
native
to
the
Galápagos
Islands.圣克鲁斯岛的巨型乌龟保护区
是几种原产于加拉帕戈斯群岛的巨型乌龟的家园。(教材P55)
语言点4 be
native
to
源于……的,原产于……
情境探究
①He
turned
into
a
native
cafe
and
ordered
a
drink.
他走进一家本地咖啡馆,要了一杯饮料。
②The
panda
is
native
to
West
China.
熊猫产于中国西部。
③Officials
say
the
woman
is
a
native
of
Somalia.
官员说,那名女子是索马里人。
归纳拓展
(1)native
adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的;天生的
(2)native
n.本国人;本地人;土著;本地的动物(或植物)
a
native
of...……的本地/国人
(3)be+形容词+to(介词)
be
similar
to与……相似
be
friendly/kind
to对……友好
be
familiar
to
sb.为某人所熟知
be
equal
to胜任……
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①It
is
a
long
time
since
he
has
visited
his
native
Chile.
????
②You
can
always
tell
the
differences
between
the
tourists
and
the
natives.
???
?
③The
ability
to
swim
is
native
to
fish.
????
(2)单句填空
④Taoism,
native
????China,
has
a
history
of
more
than
1,700
years.
⑤He
doesn't
seem
equal
to
????
(meet)
our
demands.
出生地的
当地人,本地人
天生的
to
meeting
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.His
books
have
sold
more
than
20
million
copies
????
(遍及全世界).
2.A
????
(巨大的)
panda
can
weigh
as
much
as
150
kg,
when
fully
grown.
3. ????
(原始的)
humans
needed
to
be
able
to
react
like
this
to
escape
from
dangerous
animals.
4.Some
????
(山羊)
are
eating
grass
on
the
green
grassland.
5.This
section
of
the
market
has
slowly
????
(下降)
in
importance.
素养达标·迁移创新
worldwide
giant
Primitive
goats
declined
6.Melbourne
and
Sydney
both
have
a
long
history
and
share
many
????
(特性).
7.Call
her
if
you
like,
but
don't
????
(责怪)
me
if
she's
angry.
8.The
????
(陆龟)
wins
the
race
while
the
hare
is
sleeping.
characteristics
blame
tortoise
Ⅱ.语境选词
be
native
to,
put
the
blame
for,
in
particular,
be
harmful
to,
by
contrast,
in
the
end,
carry
out,
be
home
to
1.The
judge
????
the
accident
on
the
driver.
2.Bamboo
????
every
continent
except
Europe
and
Antarc-
tica.
3.I
am
not
good
at
expressing
myself.
????,
I
am
better
at
thinking
in-
stead.
put?the?blame?for
is?native?to
By?contrast
4.To
????
the
experiment,
you
need
the
following
things.
5.The
surrounding
forests
????
many
birds
and
animals.
6. ????,
the
prince
and
princess
unite
in
marriage
and
the
whole
city
celebrates
their
happiness.
7.You'd
better
give
up
smoking,
for
it
????
your
health.
8.Traffic
is
bad,
????
in
the
city
center.
carry?out
are?home?to
In?the?end
is?harmful?to
in?particular
Ⅲ.语法专练
(2020四川南充高级中学高一下期中)
It
certainly
takes
a
lot
of
effort
to
push
through
hard
times.
While
the
nation
is
fighting
1. ????
COVID-19,
citizens
have
to
make
changes
in
their
daily
lives.
Some
people
decide
to
make
small
routine
changes,
2. ????
others
offer
all
their
time
and
energy
to
help
others
during
this
crisis.
Most
people
take
their
temperatures,
wear
masks,
wash
their
hands
often
and
don't
against
while
go
out
unless
it's
necessary.
One
of
3. ????
(painful)
changes
was
that
many
Chinese
people
didn't
get
together
4. ????
(celebrate)
the
Spring
Festival.
And
many
schools
and
places
of
work
5. ????
(delay)
their
return
date
before
May.
However,
it
didn't
stop
employees
and
students
from
working
and
studying
at
home.
February
10
6. ????
(plan)
to
be
the
first
day
of
the
new
semester,
and
students
began
to
have
online
classes
at
home.
7. ????
(bore)
at
home,
people
the?most?painful
to?celebrate
delayed
was?planned
Bored
started
to
learn
new
things
to
fill
their
time.
What's
more,
thousands
of
8. ??????
(volunteer)
are
working
non-stop
to
help
deliver
supplies
and
assist
the
9.???? ???
?
(affect)
regions.
“In
reality,
we're
more
likely
to
rush
to
help
others
than
run
them
over
to
save
ourselves,”
wrote
the
US
psychologist
Kelly
Caldwell
in
Pacific
Standard,
“It's
10. ?
exercise
in
mass
healing.”
volunteers
affected
an(共19张PPT)
第一篇
教材过关
Section
Ⅲ Grammar
(过去完成时)
写出下列句子中画线部分的句法功能。
1.(教材P50)
It
was
a
young
man
who
had
left
medical
school
without
completing
his
degree.
????
2.(教材50)What‘s
more,
he
had
recently
received
a
letter
from
his
father
predict-
ing
that
he
would
be
“a
disgrace
to
yourself
and
all
your
family”.
????
情境创设·语法精讲
教材链接
who引导的定语从句中的谓语动词
主句谓语动词
3.(教材P51)
After
Darwin
had
spent
some
time
in
South
America,
his
room
on
the
ship
was
crowded
with
samples
of
the
plants
and
animals
he
had
collected.
?
?
??
??
4.(教材P51)At
that
time,
people
believed
that
all
species
had
appeared
on
Earth
at
the
same
time,
and
had
not
changed
since.
????
5.(教材P51)Over
time,
it
had
slowly
evolved
into
many
new
species.
????
After引
导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词
that引导的宾语从句中的并列谓语动词
句子谓语动词
一、过去完成时的基本结构:had+done
常用时间状语:recently、lately、since...、for...、in
the
past
few
years、by+过
去的时间点、by
the
end
of+过去的时间点、before+过去的时间点等。
They
had
already
had
breakfast
before
they
arrived
at
the
hotel.在他们到达宾馆
之前,他们已经吃了早饭了。
She
had
finished
writing
the
composition
by
10:00
this
morning.今早十点前她就
已经写完了作文。
要点精析
二、过去完成时的基本用法
1.过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作,即“过去的过
去”。这个过去的时刻可以用by、before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来
表示;也可以用一个表示过去的动词来表示;还可以通过上下文来表示。
The
concert
had
already
begun
when
I
got
there.
我到达那里的时候,音乐会已经开始了。
2.表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。
She
said
she
had
studied
in
that
college.
她说她在那所学院学习过。
3.当一个由before、after、as
soon
as等词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的
动作先后或紧接着发生时,由于这些连词本身已经说明两个动作发生的先后
关系,从句和主句的谓语动词均可用一般过去时。
He
left
the
room
after
he
(had)
closed
the
window.
他把窗户关上之后离开了房间。
4.在no
sooner...than...、hardly/scarcely...when...句型中,主句用过去完成时,意
为“一……就;刚……就……”。
I
had
no
sooner
finished
my
homework
than
the
light
went
out.我刚做完家庭作
业,灯就灭了。
注意:若把句型中的no
sooner、hardly提前放在句首时,主句用部分倒装结构,
即提前助动词had。
5.有些动词,如think、hope、expect、intend、mean、suppose、want等,在用过
去完成时时,可以表示过去未实现的愿望或打算。
They
had
wanted
to
help,but
they
couldn't
get
there
in
time.他们本来是想要帮忙
的,但未能及时赶到那里。
6.在
It
was
the
first
time
that句型中,that从句中的动词常用过去完成时。
It
was
the
first
time
that
he
had
ever
spoken
to
a
foreigner.那是他第一次跟外国
人讲话。
三、过去完成时与一般过去时的用法区别
过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有在和过去的某
一时间或某一动作相比较时才用。一般过去时表示的动作是过去发生的,与
现在无关。
1.在表示某人过去未曾完成的心愿、打算、计划、想法、许诺等时,hope、
mean、plan、want、promise、intend等谓语动词通常用过去完成时。
I
had
planned
to
offer
you
some
help
in
your
shop,but
suddenly
my
mother
fell
ill
yesterday.
昨天我原本计划在你店里帮一些忙的,但是我妈妈突然生病了。
He
had
meant
to
spend
the
important
day
with
us
last
Sunday,but
he
was
too
busy
then.
上星期日他原本打算与我们一起度过这个重要的日子的,可是他当时实
在太忙了。
2.如果句中出现了表示过去的具体时间状语,句子的内容为过去的实际情况或
为历史事实时,句中的动词时态通常用一般过去时。
The
teacher
said
that
it
was
Columbus
who
first
discovered
the
American
conti-
nent.
老师说是哥伦布最早发现了美洲大陆。
My
parents
told
me
that
I
was
born
on
May
16th,1990.我的父母告诉我,我是在19
90年5月16日出生的。
3.如果两个动作紧接着发生,常常不用过去完成时,而用一般过去时,特别是在
包含before和after从句的主从复合句中。
After
we
said
goodbye
to
the
Smiths,we
left
their
home.
在我们和史密斯夫妇告别了之后,我们就离开了他们家。
Just
before
I
left
Guangzhou,I
sent
my
friend
an
email.
在离开广州前,我给我的朋友发了一封电子邮件。
四、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,
与现在有关,其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。
过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调
“过去的过去”,只有和过去某时间或某动作相比较时,才用到它。试比较:
I
have
learned
1,000
English
words
so
far.
到目前为止,我已经学会了1,000个英
语单词。
I
had
learned
1,000
English
words
till
then.
到那时为止我已经学会了1,000个英
语单词。
—I'm
sorry
to
keep
you
waiting.
对不起,让你久等了。
—Oh,
not
at
all.
I
have
been
here
only
a
few
minutes.
没什么,我只等了几分钟。
(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)
—John
returned
home
yesterday.
约翰昨天回到家的。
—Where
had
he
been?
他去哪儿了?(答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在re-
turned
home
之前去了什么地方,即“过去的过去”)
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.I
????
(finish)
reading
the
novel
by
nine
o'clock
last
night.
2.They
????
(plant)
six
hundred
trees
before
last
Wednesday.
3.The
manager
is
said
to
have
arrived
back
from
Paris
where
he
????
(meet)
some
European
business
partners.
4.We
arrived
at
work
in
the
morning
and
found
that
somebody
????
(break)
into
the
office
during
the
night.
素养达标·迁移创新
had?finished
had?planted
had?met
had?broken
5.Last
month,
the
Japanese
government
expressed
their
thanks
for
the
aid
they
????
(receive)
from
China.
6.By
the
time
Jack
returned
home
from
England,
his
son ????
(graduate)
from
college.
7.The
two
girls
got
on
very
well
with
each
other,
even
though
it
was
the
first
time
they ????
(meet).
8.I
found
the
lecture
hard
to
follow
because
it
????
(start)
when
I
arrived.
9.Last
week
I
took
part
in
the
Civil
Service
Admission
Examination,
for
which
I
????
(prepare)
for
nearly
three
months.
had?received
had?graduated
had?met
had?started
had?prepared
10.When
Jack
arrived
he
learned
Mary ????
(be)
away
for
almost
an
hour.
11.We
????
(hope)
that
you
would
come
to
see
us,
but
you
didn't.
12.Hardly
had
he
begun
to
speak
when
the
audience
????
(interrupt)
him.
13.I
had
no
sooner
reached
the
bus
stop
????
the
bus
started.
14.I
had
scarcely
finished
the
exercise
????
the
bell
rang.
15.His
first
novel
????
(receive)
good
reviews
since
it
came
out
last
month.
had?been
had?hoped
interrupted
than
when
has?received?
Ⅱ.语法与主题写作
1.写作要点
根据本单元语法知识和主题知识补全句子。
①达尔文是英国的博物学家、地质学家和进化论的奠基人。
Darwin
was
an
English
naturalist,
geologist
and
????.
②查尔斯·达尔文于1809年2月12日诞生在英国的一个小城镇。
Charles
Darwin
????
February
12,
1809
in
a
small
town
in
England.
founder?of?the?theory?of?evolution
was?born?on
③他搭乘贝格尔号进行了环球航行,做了五年的科学考察。
He
?
???
on
the
Beagle
and
did
scientific
research
for
five
years.
④他在观察和收集了大量的动植物后,提出了进化论。
He
put
forward
a
theory
of
evolution
after
????
?.
⑤1859年,他出版了震动当时学术界的《物种起源》。In
1859,
On
the
Origin
of
Species,
which
????,
was
published.
sailed?around?the?world
he?had?observed?and?collected?a?variety?of?animals?and?
plants
shook?the?academic?world?at?that?time
2.串句成文
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
Charles?Darwin,?who?was?born?on?February?12,?1809?in?a?small?town?in?England,?was?
an?English?naturalist,?geologist?and?founder?of?the?theory?of?evolution.?He?sailed?around?the?
world?on?the?Beagle?and?did?scientific?research?for?five?years.?He?put?forward?a?theory?of?
evolution?after?he?had?observed?and?collected?a?variety?of?animals?and?plants.?In?1859,?On?
the?Origin?of?Species,?which?shook?the?academic?world?at?that?time,?was?published.??(共13张PPT)
第一篇
教材过关
Section
Ⅳ Integrated
skills
主题听说专练
Ⅰ.词汇翻译
1.biodiversity ????
2.species ????
3.bacteria ????
4.whale ????
5.animal ????
听说互动·合作探究
生物多样性
物种
细菌
鲸鱼
动物
6.virus ????
7.tortoise ????
8.ecosystem ????
9.plant ????
10.primitive
????
11.bird ????
12.fish ????
病毒
陆龟
生态系统
植物
原始的
鸟
鱼
13.ancestor ????
14.scientific ????
15.habitat ????
祖先
科学的
栖息地
Ⅱ.选择恰当选项补全对话
背景导学 对话中因一方在超市看到漂亮的鱼并想买一些,从而引出养鱼的
建议。
W:I
saw
a
beautiful
fish
in
the
market
the
other
day.
It
was
orange
and
blue.
I'm
thinking
of
buying
some
next
Sunday.
M:1. ????
W:In
that
round
bottle
over
there.
M:It's
a
bit
small,
isn't
it?
B
W:So
are
the
fish.
M:I
think
you
should
get
a
tank
if
you
want
to
keep
fish.
W:2. ????
M:Yes.
You
should
never
keep
fish
in
a
small
round
bottle.
They
don't
get
enough
air.
I
suggest
we
go
shopping
together
and
look
for
a
nice
tank.
W:3. ????
M:Check
the
price
before
you
buy
one.
And
you
ought
to
put
a
few
large
rocks
in
the
tank.
Fish
love
swimming
around
the
rocks
and
through
holes
in
them.
A
C
W:Is
there
anything
else
that
I
ought
to
get?
M:4. ????
For
one
thing
they
keep
the
water
clean.
Also
they
make
the
tank
look
much
prettier.
A.Really?
B.Where
will
you
keep
them?
C.That
might
be
quite
expensive.
D.Yes,
you
need
to
get
some
underwater
plants.
D
Ⅲ.根据提示完成对话
背景导学 该对话讲述了Sammo
Hung的相关信息。
M:1. ????
(你曾经听说过)
Sammo
Hung?
W:Yeah,
but
not
very
much.
I
know
he
was
born
in
Hong
Kong
and
is
a
famous
actor.
M:2. ????
(你知道他的爱好)
or
interests?
W:When
he
was
9,
he
started
studying
singing,
dancing
and
kung
fu.
3. ????
(据说)
he
has
starred
in
many
films.
Have?you?ever?heard?of
Do?you?know?about?his?hobbies
It's?said?that
M:75
films.
He
has
also
become
an
independent
director.
W:I
think
he
is
the
best
actor
in
China.
M:Absolutely.
But
4. (你知道他在厨房中能做什么吗)?
W:I
don't
know.
Tell
me.
M:In
the
kitchen,
with
his
wife
by
his
side
he
still
puts
on
quite
a
dinnertime
show.
do?you?know?what?he?could?do?in?the?kitchen
W:It
must
be
wonderful
to
see
that.
M:His
cooking
motto
is“Enjoy
the
moment”.
5. ????
(如
果你想知道他怎么做饭),
visit
the
website.
If?you?want?to?know?how?he?cooks
Ⅳ.根据听力材料回答问题
背景导学 该听力材料介绍了马克·霍夫曼通过实验研究得知,并非所有的蔬
菜都喜欢阳光。
Hello,
everyone.
Welcome
back
to
the
program.
We
all
know
plants
need
sunshine
to
grow.
But
actually,
not
all
vegetables
need
lots
of
sunshine.
Mark
Hoffman
and
his
wife
own
a
guesthouse
in
Kempton,
Illinois.
They
often
serve
their
guests
fresh
vegetables
from
their
garden.
For
almost
ten
years,
the
Hoff-
mans
have
been
experimenting
with
shade
plantings.
Curious
visitors
often
ask
how
they
do
it.
Here
is
the
answer:they
grow
tomatoes
near
the
trees
that
produce
a
lot
of
shade.
Tomato
plants
grow
as
long
as
they
get
five
hours
a
day
of
direct
sunshine,
especially
the
morning
sun.
This
goes
against
the
traditional
advice
that
tomatoes
need
eight,
even
twelve
hours
a
day
of
full
sun.
In
fact,
plants
and
tree
roots
can
share
something
in
common.
Besides
tomatoes,
the
Hoffmans
grow
Irish
potatoes.
Plants
with
wider
leaves
seem
to
do
better
in
shady
environments.
The
potatoes
grow
better
in
the
shade
than
in
full
sun.
1.What
do
the
Hoffmans
do
for
a
living?
They?run?a?guesthouse.
2.How
long
have
the
Hoffmans
been
experimenting
with
fresh
vegetables?
Nearly?ten?years.
3.How
much
direct
sunshine
do
tomato
plants
actually
need
every
day?
Five?hours.
4.Why
do
Irish
potatoes
grow
better
in
the
shade?
Because?they?have?wider?leaves.??(共71张PPT)
第一篇
教材过关
Section
Ⅴ Developing
ideas
&
Other
parts
Ⅰ.课标单词
1.单词拼写
① ????/ru?t/n.根
② ????/l??k/v.把……联系起来;连接
③ ????/?sent??mi?t?/n.厘米
④ ????/?f??ɡ(?)l/adj.真菌的
自主学习·激发潜能
root
link
centimetre
fungal
2.根据英文释义选词填空
myth wasp pesticide fungus cybercrime
① ????:the
illegal
use
of
computers
and
the
Internet
② ????:a
story
from
ancient
times,
especially
one
that
was
told
to
explain
natural
events
or
to
describe
the
early
history
of
a
people;this
type
of
story
③ ????:a
black
and
yellow
flying
insect
that
can
sting
④ ????:a
chemical
used
for
killing
pests,
especially
insects
⑤ ????:a
plant
that
has
no
flowers,
leaves,
or
green
colouring,
such
as
a
mushroom
or
a
toadstool
cybercrime
myth
wasp
pesticide
fungus
3.词汇拓展
① ????/?led?(?)nd/n.传说,传奇(故事)→legendary/?led??ndri/adj.
传奇的;传说的;非常著名的
② ????/d??tekt/v.发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)→detection/d?
?tek?n/n.侦查;察觉;发现→detective/d??tekt?v/n.警探;(私人)侦探
legend
detect
Ⅱ.情境词块
1.give
advice
to ????
2.communicate
with ????
3.after
all ????
4.get
attacked
by ????
5.tiny
amounts
of ????
6.drive...away ????
7.in
some
ways
????
给……建议
与……交流
毕竟,终究
被……袭击
微量的……
驱赶……
在某些方面上
8.link...to... ????
9.share...with... ????
10.steal
sth.
from... ????
11.have...in
common ????
12.side
by
side
????
把……与……连接起来
与……分享……
从……中偷某物
有……共同点
肩并肩地；并排地
句型公式
sb.
be
said
to
do
sth.
教材原句
Alexander
the
Great
and
Marco
Polo
were
said
to
have
visited
such
a
tree
in
India.
尝试翻译
Ⅲ.情境佳句
1.
据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见
过这样一棵树。
???
?
???
?
2.
句型公式
It
has
been+过去分词+that...
教材原句
It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
chemicals
to
communicate
with
each
other.
尝试翻译
???
?
人们早就知道植物利用化学物质相互交流。
3.
句型公式
call+宾语+宾语补足语
教材原句
Scientists
call
this
system
the“wood
wide
web”.
尝试翻译
???
?
科学家们称这个系统为“植物万维网”。
4.
句型公式
way后接定语从句
教材原句
Scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other.
尝试翻译
???
?
???
?
科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交
谈的秘密方式。
Ⅰ.文本理解
Step
1 Reading
for
the
main
idea.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.The
main
characteristics
of
plants.
B.The
communication
ways
of
plants.
C.The
myths
and
legends
about
plants.
D.The
communication
between
people
and
plants.
答案
B?
文本互动·合作探究
Step
2 Reading
for
the
structure.
Fill
in
the
following
blanks
with
proper
words.
The
Secret
Languages
of
Plants
Modern
research
is
showing
that
plants
can
1.
?.
Using
chemicals
·The
plant
releases
chemicals
2. ????
that
are
being
eaten.
·When
another
plant
detects
the
chemicals,
it
starts
to
3.
???????.
Using
sound
·Some
plants
make
noises
4. ???? ???.
·A
chilli
plant
can
5.
????
????.
Some
trees
make
6.
????.
Using
the
“wood
wide
web”
·This
fungal
network
links
the
roots
of
different
plants
to
each
other.
·Plants
can
7.
????
with
each
other.
·Plants
can
8.
????
to
attack
other
plants.
communicate
from?the?leaves
release?its?own,?different?chemicals
with?their?roots
tell?if?a?neighbouring?plant?is?helpful,?or?unfriendly
clicking?noises?when?there?is?not?enough?water,?indicating?drought?is?arriving
share?information?and?even?food
steal?food?from?each?other,?or?spread?poisons
Step
3 Reading
for
the
details.
Choose
the
best
answer
according
to
the
text.
1.What's
the
purpose
of
speaking
of
the
film
Avatar?
A.To
tell
some
modern
film
stories.
B.To
introduce
the
topic
of
the
text.
C.To
attract
the
readers
to
seeing
the
film.
D.To
explain
that
the
trees
can
talk
with
people
and
animals.
答案
B
2.Why
do
scientists
want
to
learn
more
about
the
plant
warning
system?
A.To
protect
the
plants.
B.To
grow
crops
without
pesticides.
C.To
protect
the
natural
environment.
D.To
use
chemicals
to
communicate.
答案
B
3.How
do
chillies
make
noises?
A.By
using
their
roots.
B.By
moving
their
leaves.
C.By
releasing
chemicals.
D.By
making
clicking
noises.
答案
A
4.Which
sentence
uses
the
same
figure
of
speech
as
the
wood
wide
web
has
its
own
version
of
“cybercrime”?
A.New
research
has
revealed
something
amazing.
B.Some
of
these
chemicals
drive
insects
away.
C.People
can't
hear
plants'
sounds,
but
plants
are
making
them.
D.Plants
can
steal
food
from
each
other.
答案
D
学会学习
拟人化意味着把人类的特征赋予不是人类的东西。
通过利用人类的特征来
描述一个物体、动物甚至一个地方,可以使描述更加生动。
Ⅱ.难句突破
1.[图解难句]
[自我分析]这是一个 ????句,其中with的复合结构在句中作 ????
状语,believing后接的that从句在句中作 ????,主句部分为 ????结
构;appears后的that引导 ????从句。
[尝试翻译]
????
????
主从复合
让步
宾语
主系表
表语
我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻想之中,但新研究有了令人惊奇的发现：植物间似
乎确实可以交流。
2.[图解难句]
[自我分析]这是一个 ????句,其中when引导 ????从句,主句部分
为 ????结构,现在分词短语indicating...在句中作 ????,其后接省
略that的宾语从句。
[尝试翻译] ????
主从复合
时间状语
主谓宾
状语
有些树木在水分不足时会发出咔嗒声,以示干旱就要来了。
Ⅲ.文本复述
Step
1 Question
Answering
根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1.What
has
the
new
research
revealed
about
plants?
The?new?research?has?revealed?that?it?appears?that?plants?can?communicate.
2.How
can
plants
communicate
with
each
other?
Plants?use?chemicals?and?sound?to?communicate.?They?also?use?the?wood?wide?web?to?
communicate.?
3.How
is
the
wood
wide
web
linked
underground?
The?wood?wide?web?is?linked?underground?by?fungi.
4.What
can
plants
do
using
the
wood
wide
web?
Using?the?wood?wide?web,?plants?can?share?information?and?even?food?with?each?other.
Step
2 Text
Retelling
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的60词左右的短文。
The?new?research?has?revealed?that?it?appears?that?plants?can?communicate.?Plants?can?
not
only?use?chemicals?but?also?use?sound?to?communicate.?Besides,?they?can?also?use?the?
wood?wide?web?to?communicate,?which?is?linked?underground?by?fungi.?Using?the?wood?wideweb,?plants?can?share?information?and?even?food?with?each?other.
板块一 语言知识
1.Alexander
the
Great
and
Marco
Polo
were
said
to
have
visited
such
a
tree
in
In-
dia.据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过这样一棵树。(教材P56)
语言点1 句型公式:sb.
be
said
to
do...
情境探究
①In
Stephen
Hawking's
case,
it
was
discovered
that
he
was
a
brilliant
scientist.
在斯蒂芬·霍金的例子中,我们发现他是一位杰出的科学家。
新知清障·素养构建
②It
is
said
that
a
large
number
of
paper-cutting
works
by
experts
throughout
Chi-
na
will
be
on
show,
and
some
of
them
are
made
by
famous
artists.
据说,全中国的专家们创作的大量的剪纸作品将被展出,并且其中一些是由著
名的艺术家创作的。
③People
say
that
lightning
never
strikes
twice
in
the
same
place.
据说闪电从来不会在同一个地方重复出现。
归纳拓展
(1)常用于该句型的过去分词有said、thought、reported、believed、sup-
posed、considered、discovered等。
(2)该句型可以转换为“It
is/was+过去分词+that从句”或“People
say/think...+
that从句”。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①It
????
(notice)
that
a
chief
editor
or
advisor
who
leads
the
activity
is
needed.
②This
book
is
reported
????
(translate)
into
many
different
languages.
is?noticed
to?have?been?translated
(2)一句多译
有人说,温室气体是导致全球变暖的主要原因。
③ ????
greenhouse
gases
are
the
main
cause
of
global
warming.
④ ????
greenhouse
gases
are
the
main
cause
of
global
warming.
⑤Greenhouse
gases
????
the
main
cause
of
global
warming.
It?is?said?that
People?say?that
are?said?to?be
2.It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
chemicals
to
communicate
with
each
other.人们早就知道植物利用化学物质相互交流。(教材P56)
语言点2 communicate
with
与……交流
情境探究
①He
refused
to
communicate
with
others,
even
the
family
members.他拒绝与他
人交流,甚至是家人。
②You
can
communicate
the
power
of
enthusiasm
to
anyone
who
needs
it.你可以
把激情的力量传递给每一个需要的人。
③Good
communication
skills
include
learning
body
language.
良好的沟通技巧包括学会使用肢体语言。
④I
will
be
in
communication
with
the
police
about
this
matter.关于这件事我将和
警察沟通。
归纳拓展
(1)communicate
sth.
to
sb.把……传达给某人
(2)communication
n.传达;通信;交流
in
communication
with
sb.与某人交流/沟通
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①This
non-stop
????
(communicate),
the
experts
think,
has
made
it
easier
for
British
people
and
Americans
to
understand
each
other.
②The
radio
stations
communicated
the
storm
warning
????
the
islanders.
communication
to
(2)单句写作
③会说一种以上的语言可以让人们与他人更容易交流。
Speaking
more
than
one
language
allows
people
to
?
?more
easily.
communicate?with?others
3.The
plant
releases
tiny
amounts
of
chemicals
from
the
leaves
that
are
being
eaten.
这棵植物正在遭受啃食的叶子会释放出微量的化学物质。(教材P56)
语言点3 tiny
amounts
of
微量的……
情境探究
①We've
had
an
enormous
amount
of
help
from
people.我们得到了人们的大力帮助。
②The
server
is
designed
to
store
huge
amounts
of
data.
该服务器是为存储大量数据设计的。
③At
the
start
of
this
year,
foreigners
living
in
Italy
amounted
to
4.56
million.
今年年初,居住在意大利的外国人总计456万。
归纳拓展
(1)amount
n.数量,数额;金额
a
large/great
amount
of+n.大量的……(作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式)
large
amounts
of+n.大量的……(作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式)
the
amount
of+n.
……的数量(作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式)
(2)amount
vi.总计
amount
to
sth.等于;总计
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①A
large
amount
of
money
????
(spend)
on
advertisements
every
year.
②It
is
reported
that
large
amounts
of
money
????
(spend)
repairing
the
bridge.
③The
amount
of
sleep
we
need
????
(vary)
from
person
to
person.
④The
fall
of
rain
last
month
amounted
????
seven
inches.
is?spent
were?spent
varies
to
(2)单句写作
⑤(2019课标全国Ⅲ)今天8或10美元似乎是一笔小钱,但当时这些数额对大多
数公民而言是令人生畏的。
Today
$8
or
$10
seems ??,
but
at
that
time
???? ????
were
forbidding
to
most
citizens.
a?small?amount?of?money
these?amounts
4.Some
of
these
chemicals
drive
insects
away.其中一些化学物质能驱赶昆虫。
(教材P56)
语言点4 drive...away驱赶;驱车离开;驾车送走
情境探究
①Someone
drove
the
car
away
in
the
night.
有人夜里把车开走了。
②Don't
stop─drive
on!
不要停——继续往前开!
③New
fashions
drive
out
old
ones.
新款式服装使旧的款式不再流行。
④All
those
children
running
around
the
house
drove
me
crazy.
I
had
to
go
for
a
walk.那些孩子都在屋里到处乱跑,真使我抓狂。我不得不出去走一走。
⑤That
driver
drove
the
car
up
the
ramp.
那司机将车开上了斜坡。
归纳拓展
drive
off驱车离去;驶去;击退;赶走
drive
on驱车继续行驶
drive
sb./sth.
out
(of
sth.)
驱散;消除;使停止
drive
sth.
up/down抬高(或压低);使上升(或下跌)
drive
sb.
crazy/mad
把人逼得发疯/发狂
drive
through驾(车)穿过……
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①The
girls
hurried
outside,
climbed
into
the
car,
and
drove
????.
②In
the
morning,
the
wind
rose
and
drove
the
dark
clouds
????of
the
sky.
③The
shortage
of
bread
will
probably
drive
prices
????.
④From
Simao
we
drove
southward
????
the
mountains
towards
Jinghong.
off/away
out
up
through
(2)单句写作
⑤整天做这种不用动脑筋的工作会使我发疯的。
Doing
this
mindless
work
all
day
is
going
to
????.
drive?me?crazy/mad
5.Most
surprisingly
of
all,
plants
have
an
amazing
system
of
communication
that
can
link
nearly
every
plant
in
a
forest.最令人惊讶的是,植物有一套惊人的交流
系统,几乎可以连接起森林中的每一种植物。(教材P56)
语言点5 link
v.把……连接起来;联系;挽住;钩住
情境探究
①This
old
Silk
Road
linked
China
with/to
the
West
in
ancient
times.这条古老的
丝绸之路在古时候把中国和西方连接了起来。
②Most
scientists
accept
that
climate
change
is
linked
to/with
carbon
emissions.
大
多数科学家相信气候变化与碳排放有关。
③The
two
spacecraft
will
link
up
in
orbit.
两艘宇宙飞船将在轨道上对接。
④Police
suspect
there
may
be
a
link
between
the
two
murders.
警方怀疑那两桩凶杀案可能有关联。
归纳拓展
(1)link
A
to/with
B
把A和B连接起来;说明A和B有联系
link
A
and
B
(together)把A和B连接起来
link
up
(with
sb./sth.)(与……)连接,结合;使结合
(2)link
n.联系;连接;关系;纽带;(链状物的)环,节,圈;链接
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①The
two
girls
linked
arms
as
they
strolled
down
the
street.
????
②Newspapers
have
linked
his
name
with
the
singer.
????
③The
video
cameras
are
linked
to
a
powerful
computer.
????
④Social
customs
provide
a
vital
link
between
generations.
????
⑤To
visit
similar
websites
to
this
one,
click
on
the
links
at
the
bottom
of
the
page.
????
挽住
说明A和B有联系
连接到
纽带,关系
链接
(2)单句填空
⑥A
common
wall
links
the
house
????
its
neighbour.
⑦The
bands
have
linked
????
for
a
charity
concert.
to/and/with
up?
6.Scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other.科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交谈的秘密方式。(教
材P57)
语言点6 句型公式:way后接定语从句
情境探究
①The
way
(that/which)
he
told
us
was
quite
simple.
他告诉我们的那个方法很简
单。
②What
surprised
me
was
not
what
he
said
but
the
way
(that/in
which)
he
said
it.
令我吃惊的不是他说的话而是他说话的方式。
③We'll
have
to
think
of
a
way
of
solving
the
problem.
我们必须想出解决问题的方法。
归纳拓展
way作“方式,方法”讲时,后接定语从句时有两种情况:
(1)当way
后面的定语从句缺少方式状语时,定语从句可用that/in
which引导,也
可以省略。
(2)当way后面的定语从句缺少主语、宾语时,关系词用that/which(作宾语时引
导词可以省略,作主语时引导词不可以省略)。
(3)a
way
to
do
sth./a
way
of
doing
sth.
做某事的方法
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①I
don't
like
the
way
in ????
he
looks
at
me.
②Can
you
tell
me
the
way
????
you
use
to
work
out
the
maths
problem?
③I
created
a
way
????
(get)
my
message
across
while
using
as
few
words
as
possible.
which
that/which
to?get
(2)单句写作
④然而,当她挂断电话时,她对她处理电话的方式感到遗憾。
However,
when
she
hung
up,
she
regretted
????.
the?way?she?had?handled?the?call
用适当的词句补全教材原文。
The
Secret
Language
of
Plants
Talking
plants
have
long
been
a
thing
of
????①
and
????②.Many
cultures
have
stories
of
talking
trees
that
give
advice
as
well
as
warnings
to
people.
.③
And
in
some
modern
stories,
such
as
the
film
Avatar,
trees
can
communicate
with
animals
and
people.
[文本解读]本段通过神话传说和现代电影故事引出树能与动物和人交流。
板块二 课文对译
教材原文
myths
legends
Alexander?the?Great?and?Marco?Polo?were?said?to?have?visited?such?a?tree?in?India
植物密语
会说话的植物一直是神话①和传说②中的一大元素。在许多种文化中流传下来的故事里,会说话的树给予人们忠告和警示。据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗
曾在印度见过这样一棵(会说话的)树。③在一些现代故事,例如电影《阿凡达》中,树可以与人类和动物沟通交流。
????
④.
[文本解读]本段通过新的研究揭示文章主题:植物能互相交流。
With?us?long?believing?that?talking?plants?are?fantasy,?new?research?has?revealed?something?amazing：?it?appears?that
?plants?can?communicate?after?all
我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻想之中,但新研究有了令人惊奇的发
现:植物间似乎确实可以交流。④
?.⑤
This
hap-
pens
when
a
plant,
say
a
bean
plant,
gets
attacked
by
insects.
The
plant
releases
????⑥
chemicals
from
the
leaves
that
are
being
eaten.
This
is
like
a
warning,
or
a
call
for
help:
“I’m
being
attacked!”
When
another
bean
plant
???
?⑦
the
chemicals
from
its
injured
neighbour,
it
starts
to
release
its
own,
different
chemi-
It?has?been?known?for?some?time?that?plants?use?chemicals?to?communicate?with?each?other
tiny?amounts?of
detects
cals.
Some
of
these
chemicals
drive
insects
????⑧.
Others
attract
insects—
the
????⑨!
The
wasps
kill
the
insects
that
are
eating
the
bean
plants.
Scien-
tists
hope
to
learn
more
about
this
plant
warning
system,
so
that
we
can
use
it
to
grow
crops
without
????⑩.
[文本解读]本段首句指出该段的主题——植物使用化学物质进行交流,接下来
详细介绍植物使用化学物质交流的方式以及科学家们研究植物警告系统的目
的。
away
wasps
pesticides
人们早就知道植物利用化学物质相互交流。⑤当一株植物——比如豆科植物
——被昆虫袭击时,就会发生这种情况。植物正在遭受啃食的叶子会释放出
微量的⑥化学物质。这像是警示,抑或求救:“我被攻击了!”
当另一株豆类植
物察觉⑦到附近受伤同伴释放的化学物质时,它自身便开始释放不同的化学物
质,其中一些化学物质能驱赶⑧昆虫,而另一些则会吸引昆虫——黄蜂⑨!黄蜂会
杀死那些啃食豆类植物的昆虫。科学家们希望能进一步了解这种植物警报系
统,以便我们可以将其应用于不用使用农药⑩的农作物的种植。
More
surprisingly,
plants
also
use
sound
to
communicate.
People
can't
hear
these
sounds,
but
plants
are
making
them.
Some
plants
make
noises
with
their
?????.
Corn
and
?????
plants
do
this.
They
also
“listen”
to
the
noises
from
other
plants.
A
chilli
plant
can
tell
if
a
neighbouring
plant
is
helpful,
or
unfriendly.
???
[文本解读]本段结构为“总—分”式。开篇点题,之后详细介绍植物使用声音
交流的方式。
roots
chilli
Some?trees?make?clicking?noises?when?there?is?not?enough?water,?indicating?drought?is?arriving
更不可思议的是,植物也能用声音交流。虽然人类听不到这些声音,但植
物确实正在发出声音。有些植物通过根部?发出声响,比如玉米和辣椒?。它
们还能“听见”其他植物发出的声响。辣椒可以知道自己附近的植物是敌是
友。有些树木在水分不足时会发出咔嗒声,以示干旱就要来了?
Most
surprisingly
of
all,
plants
have
an
amazing
system
of
communication
that
can ?????
nearly
every
plant
in
a
forest.
Scientists
call
this
system
the
“wood
wide
web”.
It
is
in
some
ways
similar
to
the
Internet
we
use.
While
the
Internet
is
a
worldwide
network
of
computers
linked
by
cables
and
satellites,
the
link
wood
wide
web
is
linked
underground
by
?????.
This
?????
network
links
the
roots
of
different
plants
to
each
other.
Using
the
wood
wide
web,
plants
can
share
information
and
even
food
with
each
other.
For
example,
some
pine
trees
can
send
food
to
smaller
pine
trees
to
help
them
grow.
But
just
like
our
own
Internet,
the
wood
wide
web
has
its
own
version
of
“ ?????”.
Plants
can
steal
food
from
each
other,
or
spread
poisons
to
attack
other
plants.
Perhaps
one
day
scientists
will
learn
how
to
create
a
“firewall”
to
help
prevent
these
attacks
within
the
wood
wide
web.
fungi
fungal
cybercrime
[文本解读]本段介绍了植物的另一种交流方式——“植物万维网”,并采用拟
人的手法具体介绍了植物使用“植物万维网”的方式等。
最令人惊讶的是,植物拥有一套惊人的交流系统,几乎可以连接?起森林中
的每一种植物。科学家称这个系统为“植物万维网”。在某些方面上,它很
像我们使用的互联网。互联网是一个由电缆和卫星连接的全球计算机网络,
而植物万维网是在地下通过真菌?连接而成的。这种真菌的?网络将不同植物
的根连接在一起。利用植物万维网,植物可以互相分享信息甚至是食物。例
如,一些松树可以把食物输送到较小的松树上,帮助它们生长。但就像我们自
己的互联网一样,植物万维网也有自己的“网络犯罪?”模式。
植物可以互相
窃取食物,或者散播毒素攻击其他植物。也许有一天,科学家们会研究出如何
创建一个“防火墙”,以帮助阻止植物万维网中的这些攻击。
?
Who
knows?
Maybe
one
day
we
will
know
enough
about
plant
communication
to
be
able
to
“talk”
with
them
ourselves.
[文本解读]本段介绍了科学家们进一步的工作以及对未来的希望。
Scientists?are?learning?more?every?day?about?the?secret?ways?in?which?plants?talk?to?each?other
科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交谈的秘密方式?谁知道呢?
也许
有一天,我们会知道足够多的有关植物交流的知识,从而能亲自和植物“聊天”了。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.There
is
a
famous
Greek
????
(神话)
in
which
Icarus
flew
too
near
to
the
Sun.
2.It
is
difficult
to
separate
????
(传说)
from
the
truth.
3.Arnold
could
????
(察觉)
a
certain
sadness
in
the
old
man's
face.
4.It's
21
years
since
she
first
moved
to
Britain
from
Lebanon,
but
she
hasn't
forgot-
ten
her
????
(根).
素养达标·迁移创新
myth
legends
detect
roots
5.The
highway
????(连接)
the
two
cities
together,
which
saves
travel
time.
6.It
was
impossible
to
move
as
much
as
a
????(厘米)
in
any
direction.
7.You
can
taste
the
????(辣椒)
in
the
dish
but
it
is
a
little
sweet.
8.The
good
news
about
????(真菌)
is
that
they
are
relatively
stable.
links
centimetre
chilli
fungi
Ⅱ.语境选词
after
all,
side
by
side,
drive...away,steal...from...,
communicate
with,
be
linked
to
1.Things
weren't
so
bad
????.
I
was
among
my
friends
again.
2.We
must
stand
????
in
this
trouble
and
help
each
other.
3.The
light
rail
station
????
Beijing's
subway
system,
so
transporta-
tion
is
seamless(无缝的).
4.A
number
of
priceless
works
of
art
????
the
gallery.
5.Over
a
hundred
people
must
have
been
????
from
their
homes.
6.Dolphins
use
sound
to
????
each
other.
after?all
side?by?side
is?linked?to
were?stolen?from
driven?away
communicate?with
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.据说她在20年以前曾是一位女演员。(be
said
to
have
done...)
She?was?said?to?have?been?an?actress?about?twenty?years?ago.
2.两位领导人好像在举行秘密会谈。(It
appears
that...)
It?appears?that?the?two?leaders?are?holding?secret?talks.
3.大家都知道,在中国,姓氏放最前面。(It
is
known
that...)
It?is?known?that?family?names?come?first?in?China.
4.我们有许多科学的方法解决这个问题。(in
which引导定语从句)
There?are?many?scientific?ways?in?which?we?solve?the?problem.
5.男孩们抬起腿,示意他们要爬进来。(indicating...作状语)
The?boys?lifted?up?their?legs,?indicating?they?wanted?to?climb?in.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
New
research
has
revealed
it
1. ????
(appear)
that
plants
can
communicate
after
all.
It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
chemicals
to
communicate
2.
?each
other.
This
happens
when
a
plant
gets
attacked
by
insects.
The
plant
releases
tiny
amounts
of
chemicals
from
the
leaves
that
are
being
eaten.
When
another
plant
detects
the
chemicals
from
its
3. ????
(injure)
neighbour,
it
starts
to
release
its
own,
4. ????
(differ)
chemicals.
Some
of
these
chemicals
drive
insects
appears
with
injured
different
Others
attract
other
insects
to
kill
the
insects
5. ????????
(eat)
the
plants.
Plants
also
use
sound
to
communicate.
Some
plants
make
noises
with
their
6.??
?
(root).
They
also
“listen”
to
the
noises
from
other
plants.
Some
trees
make
clicking
noises
when
there
is
not
enough
water,
indicating
drought
7. ????
(arrive).
Most
surprisingly,
plants
have
an
amazing
system
of
communication
that
can
link
8. ????
(near)
every
plant
in
a
forest.
Scientists
call
this
system
the
“wood
wide
web”,
which
is
linked
underground
by
fungi.
This
fungal
away.
network
eating
roots
is?arriving
nearly
links
the
roots
of
different
plants
to
each
other.
Using
9.
wood
wide
web,
plants
can
share
information
and
even
food
with
each
other.
But
just
like
our
own
Internet,
the
wood
wide
web
has
its
own
version
of
“cybercrime”.
Plants
can
steal
food
from
each
other,
10. ??
spread
poisons
to
attack
other
plants.
In
all,
scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other.
the
or(共21张PPT)
第一篇
教材过关
Section
Ⅵ Writing
第一周
水仙花鳞茎已并排种植在土壤中,尖端朝上。已经浇上水,容器被放置在一个
凉爽、阴暗的地方。鳞茎正在定期被浇水。
第三周
一个单茎已经从每个鳞茎发芽。
每根茎上都有两片叶子,叶子又长又窄,为蜡
状结构。容器已经被搬到一个阳光明媚但凉爽的地方。
激发思维·主题写作
教材译文
第六周
茎已长到20厘米左右高,每个茎都开了一朵花。
花是黄色和白色的,形状像喇叭。
根据下列图片写一篇观察日记,记述蒜苗的成长过程。内容包括:
1.种植方式;
2.生长环境;
3.成长变化。
实战演练
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
写作指导
看图作文是一种考查观察理解能力及语言运用能力的考查形式。写作过程中要总观全面,并有步骤地进行观察,看清画面上的细节,体会图画创作意图,并确
定文章要点,之后使用恰当的语言表达出来。
表述过程中要注意语句之间的衔接,以增加表达的连贯性。
审题谋篇
?
词汇储备
1. ????把……分成……
2. ????肩并肩地
3. ????玩捉迷藏
4. ????一天一天地
divide...into...
side?by?side
play?hide?and?seek
day?by?day
词汇运用
1.我仔细地把大蒜头分成蒜瓣儿,并排种在土壤中,尖头朝上。
I
????
cloves
and
plant
them
side
by
side
in
soil,
???? ????.
2.它们经常被浇水,并被放在一个凉爽但阳光明媚的地方。
They
????
and
put
in
a
cool
but
sunny
place.
3.可爱的大蒜宝宝已经从每一个蒜瓣中长出了浅绿色的叶子。
The
lovely
garlic
babies
????
each
clove
with
light
green
leaves.
carefully?divide?the?garlic?bulbs?into
with?the?pointed?ends?facing?up
are?being?watered?regularly
have?grown?from
4.它们看起来好像正在与我玩捉迷藏。
They
look
as
if
they
were
????.
5.大蒜宝宝一天比一天高。
The
garlic
babies
are
growing
higher
and
higher
????.
6.它们已经长到大约20厘米了。
They
?
???.
7.它们看起来都很漂亮,一点也不亚于水仙花。
All
of
them
look
very
beautiful,
and
are
????
daffodils.
playing?hide?and?seek?with?me
day?by?day
have?grown?to?about?20?centimetres
not?less?beautiful?than?
句式升级
用which引导定语从句将第3句和第4句合并。
The?lovely?garlic?babies?have?grown?from?each?clove?with?light?green?leaves,?which?look?
as?if?they?were?playing?hide?and?seek?with?me.
串句成文
September?20
I?carefully?divide?the?garlic?bulbs?into?cloves?and?plant?them?side?by?side?in?soil,?with?the?
pointed?ends?facing?up.?Then?they?are?being?watered?regularly?and?put?in?a?cool?but?sunny?
place.
September?28
The?lovely?garlic?babies?have?grown?from?each?clove?with?light?green?leaves,?which?look?
as?if?they?were?playing?hide?and?seek?with?me.
October?15
The?garlic?babies?are?growing?higher?and?higher?day?by?day,?and?they?have?grown?to?about?
20?centimetres.?All?of?them?look?very?beautiful,?and?are?not?less?beautiful?than?daffodils.?
(2020山东滕州第一中学高一5月月考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的
短文。
Ali
and
his
younger
sister,
Zahra,
lived
with
their
parents
in
a
poor
neighborhood.
Their
mother
was
very
sick
and
their
father
was
struggling
to
find
a
job,
and
they
had
only
a
little
money
to
buy
food.
As
they
had
not
paid
the
rent
for
several
months,
the
landlord
was
breathing
down
their
necks(盯着他们).
全程指导·读后续写
One
day,
Ali
took
Zahra's
shoes
to
a
shoe
repairman
to
have
them
fixed,
but
he
lost
them
on
the
way
home.
It
wasn't
until
he
got
home
that
he
realized
he
had
lost
the
shoes.
He
was
afraid
that
his
parents
would
be
angry
and
disappointed,
so
he
begged
his
sister
to
keep
it
secret.
Zahra
agreed
and
the
two
decided
to
share
Ali's
running
shoes.
Zahra's
school
hours
were
in
the
morning,
so
she
would
wear
them
first.
After
school,
she
would
rush
back
and
give
them
to
Ali.
He
could
then
run
to
his
school,
which
began
in
the
afternoon.
Although
he
ran
as
fast
as
he
could,
Ali
often
arrived
late
and
was
warned
by
the
school.
Ali
heard
about
a
long
distance
race
that
was
to
be
held
for
the
boys
in
the
city.
When
he
learned
that
the
third
prize
was
a
new
pair
of
shoes,
he
decided
to
take
part.
He
ran
home
excitedly
and
promised
his
sister
that
he
would
win
her
the
new
shoes.
The
day
of
the
race
arrived.
Ali
had
a
strong
start,
but
halfway
through
the
race
he
began
to
get
tired
and
his
legs
began
to
ache.
Getting
more
and
more
exhausted
he
thought
only
of
Zahra
and
his
promise
to
her.
Dreaming
of
the
new
shoes
he
would
win
for
his
sister
gave
him
strength,
and
he
stayed
right
behind
the
two
fastest
runners,
determined
to
finish
third.
Suddenly,
as
the
finish
line
drew
near,
another
runner
collided(碰撞)with
Ali
from
behind
and
he
crashed
to
the
ground.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph
1:
Ali?looked?up?and?saw?the?other?boys?rushing?ahead.?Refusing?to?give?up?at?this?point,?he
jumped?to?his?feet?and?ran?as?fast?as?he?could.?He?dashed?across?the?finish?line?and?won?
fourth?prize.?Thinking?he?would?let?her?sister?down,?Ali?couldn't?help?sobbing.?Just?then?he
heard?the?announcement?from?the?broadcast?that?he?won?third?prize?as?the?runner?who?collidedwith?Ali?was?disqualified?for?breaking?the?rule.?Holding?the?shoes?close?to?his?chest?during?theaward?ceremony,?Ali?felt?overjoyed?and?relieved?as?he?eventually?won?the?shoes?
for?his?sister.
Paragraph
2:
Filled?with?delight,?Ali?walked?home?quickly.?He?could?not?wait?to?see?his?sister?and?share?
the?good?news.?On?his?arrival,?Ali?found?Zahra?was?waiting?outside.?Nervous?and?anxious,?
Zahra?wondered?whether?her?brother?could?bring?her?what?she?was?expecting.?“Zahra,?see?
what?I?have?got?for?you.”?Ali?said?excitedly,?taking?the?prize?out?of?his?bag?with?his?
trembling?hands.?The?instant?Zahra?saw?the?shoes,?her?face?lit?up.?So?thrilled?was?she?that?she?
threw?herself?at?Ali.?“Thank?you！?Ali.”?Tears?welled?up?in?their?eyes?as?the?brother?and?
sister?hugged?tightly?together.
写作指导
Step
1 把握主题,确定思路
本文为续写作文。首先要认真读懂所提供的材料,弄清整篇文章的中心是什
么。根据中心内容续写事情的发展和故事的结局。续写内容要符合原文的发
展,人物和事物要与原文保持连续性和一致性。要有明确的中心,重点突出,有
详有略。故事情节的向后延续发展要合乎情理。
前文主要讲述的是阿里家境贫穷,一天阿里把妹妹的鞋修好后在回家的路上
把鞋弄丢了。他准备通过参加市里的长跑比赛,获得三等奖——一双鞋子,给
妹妹作补偿,但在比赛中发生了一点意外。
Step
2 拓展情节,选词构句
根据续写的第一段开头Ali
looked
up
and
saw
the
other
boys
rushing
ahead.
(阿里抬头一看,看到其他男孩冲在前面。)可知本段是续写比赛中阿里被撞后是
如何做的,这一段是文章的关键。第二段是以Filled
with
delight,
Ali
walked
home
quickly.开头,此句中的delight是关键词,阿里为什么高兴,是因为他达到
目的了,上一段已经指出他获得了三等奖,本段应重点讲述他回家后发生的事
情。
Step
3 添加细节,注意风格
根据原文内容以及续写段落的首句,将故事补充完整,并准确使用人称(第三人称为主)以及时态(一般过去时态为主)。续写过程中,要恰当使用高级句式以
及高级表达,并注意长短句结合。
Step
4 润色成文,复查誊写
写作过程中,要注意续写词数控制在130—170之间,同时注意卷面整洁。(共24张PPT)
第一篇
教材过关
Section
Ⅶ Expanding
your
world
Ⅰ.单词分层默写
1.单词拼写
① ????n.种子,籽
② ????n.丢脸,耻辱
③ ????n.样本
④ ????n.雀科鸣禽
单元回顾·总结提升
seed
disgrace
sample
finch
⑤ ????n.鸟嘴,喙
⑥ ????v.猜想,怀疑,觉得
⑦ ????n.(动物的)原种,祖先
⑧ ????n.特征,特性
⑨ ????v.减少
⑩ ????n.陆龟
? ????v.责怪,指责;把……归咎于
? ????n.山羊
beak
suspect
ancestor
characteristic
decline
tortoise
blame
goat
? ????adj.原始的,低等的
? ????adv.遍及全世界
? ????adj.巨大的,特大的
? ????n.红树
? ????n.鬣蜥
? ????adj.梳状的
? ????n.(动植物的)刺,刺毛
? ????n.(古代的)神话
primitive
worldwide
giant
mangrove
iguana
comb?like
spine
myth
? ????n.黄蜂
? ????n.杀虫剂,农药
? ????n.根
? ????n.辣椒
? ????v.把……联系起来;连接
? ????n.网络犯罪
? ????n.厘米
wasp
pesticide
root
chilli
link
cybercrime
centimetre
2.拓展单词
① ????adj.遥远的→ ????n.距离
② ????n.地质学家→ ????n.地质学→ ????adj.地质(学)的
③ ????v.进化→ ????n.进化(论)
④ ????v.产生,创造→ ????n.产生,一代人
⑤ ????n.传说,传奇(故事)→ ????adj.传说的;传奇的;非常著名的
⑥ ????v.发现,察觉(尤指不易察觉到的事物)→ ????n.侦查;察觉;
发现→ ????n.警探;(私人)侦探
⑦ ????n.真菌→ ????n.真菌(复数)→ ????adj.真菌的
distant
distance
geologist
geology
geological
evolve
evolution
generate
generation
legend
legendary
detect
detection
detective
fungus
fungi
fungal
Ⅱ.短语搭配翻译
1.响应号召 ????
2.是耻辱,是丢脸的事 ????
3.源于……的,原产于…… ????
4.巨型陆龟 ????
5.最佳选择 ????
6.有史以来 ????
7.讨论中的;不确定 ????
answer?the?call
be?a?disgrace
be?native?to
giant?tortoise
first?choice
of?all?time
in?question
8.充满,满是
????
9.开始存在 ????
10.适应 ????
11.多种多样的 ????
12.导致 ????
13.同时
????
14.以……开始 ????
15.把某事归咎于某人/事
????
be?crowded?with
come?to?exist
adapt?to
a?variety?of
lead?to
at?the?same?time
begin?with
blame?sth.?on?sb./sth.
16.与……交流
????
17.微量的……
????
18.驱赶 ????
19.从……中偷某物
????
20.肩并肩地;并排地 ????
communicate?with
tiny?amounts?of
drive...away
steal?sth.?from...
side?by?side
Ⅲ.主题书面表达
结合本单元主题,使用本单元词汇、句型和语法写一篇语言流畅、用词
准确、逻辑严密的短文。
1.写作要点
①作为世界上最大的雨林,亚马孙雨林在维持地球生态系统的平衡方面发挥
着重要作用。(play
an
important
role
in)
As?the?largest?rainforest?in?the?world,?the?Amazon?rainforest?plays?an?important?role?in?
maintaining?the?balance?of?the?Earth's?ecosystem.
②亚马孙河,雨林由此得名,全长约6,400公里。(from
which引导非限制性定语
从句)
The?Amazon?River,?from?which?the?rainforest?gets?its?name,?is?about?6,400?kilometres?in?
length.
③这条河支持许多不同的生态系统,给予了这个地区最丰富的动植物物种。
(which引导非限制性定语从句)
The?river?supports?many?different?ecosystems,?which?give?this?area?the?richest?species?of?
plants?and?animals.
④在人类已知的39万种植物中,有4万多种可以在亚马孙雨林找到。(过去分词
known作后置定语)
Of?the?390,000?plant?species?known?to?man,?more?than?40,000?can?be?found?in?the?Amazon?
rainforest.
⑤森林的不同层次养活各种野生动物。(support,
a
variety
of)
The?forest's?different?levels?support?a?variety?of?wildlife.
⑥森林的不同层次都是不同种类的生物的家园。(be
home
to)
The?forest's?different?levels?are?home?to?different?kinds?of?living?things.
2.串句成文
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
As?the?largest?rainforest?in?the?world,?the?Amazon?rainforest?plays?an?important?role?in?
maintaining?the?balance?of?the?Earth's?ecosystem.?The?Amazon?River,?from?which?the?
rainforest?gets?its?name,?is?about?6,400?kilometres?in?length.?The?river?supports?many?differentecosystems,?which?give?this?area?the?richest?species?of?plants?and?animals.?And?of?the?390,000?
plant?species?known?to?man,?more?than?40,000?can?be?found?in?the?Amazon?rainforest.?The?
forest's?different?levels?not?only?support?a?variety?of?wildlife?but?are?home?to?different?kinds?of?living?things.
下面带大家看看一些令人困惑的英式短语。英国人常用的一些习惯用语
或成语的出处含糊不清,这使得亲英派的人们也不习惯这些不同寻常的表
达。
1.They're
chalk
and
cheese.
What
does
it
mean?
A.They're
very
different.
B.They
look
pale.
C.They're
very
fickle.
丰实底蕴·素养融通
趣谈词汇
2.I've
known
her
for
donkey's.
What
does
it
mean?
A.I've
known
her
for
a
very
long
time.
B.I
know
a
lot
of
her
secrets.
C.I
don't
trust
her.
3.I
need
to
spend
a
penny.
What
does
it
mean?
A.I'm
addicted
to
candy.
B.I
need
to
change
my
shoes.
C.I
need
to
go
to
the
toilet.
帮你分析:
1.A “chalk
and
cheese”等同于美国人说的“apples
and
oranges”,形容两个
事物或人是完全不同的或完全无法兼容的,通常的句式为“like/as
different
as
chalk
and
cheese”,例如:We'll
never
get
on—we're
like
chalk
and
cheese。
2.A “donkey's”通常是“donkey's
years”的简写方式,最初可能写作“don-
key's
ears”,指某物长度上很长,现指很长一段时间。例如:We've
been
close
friends
for
donkey's
years。
3.C 在英国,曾经需要花费一个
penny
使用一次投币式公共厕所,这就是短语
spend
a
penny
替代“上厕所”的委婉说法,例如:You
can't
get
to
sleep
when
you
want
to
spend
a
penny。
Christmas
is
one
of
the
most
beautiful
holidays
of
all
time.
It
is
the
day
when
the
Son
of
God
was
born
on
earth.
Hence,
this
day
is
sacry
for
all
Christians
around
the
world.
The
Christmas
season
giv-
es
rise
to
a
number
of
Christmas
traditions
that
come
along.
Here
are
a
few
of
them
that
are
celebrated
with
zest
and
enthusiasm
wo-
rldwide
for
centuries.
教材链接
Preparation
of
the
Christmas
cake
Christmas
cakes
are
made
by
using
eggs,
butter,
confections,
fruits,
etc.
Today
a
Christmas
cake
is
an
integral
part
of
a
Christmas
menu.
Decorating
the
Christmas
tree
This
refers
to
the
tradition
of
decorating
a
pine
tree
using
lights,
tinsel,
garlands,
ornaments,
candy
canes,
etc.
Today,
a
Christmas
tree
is
an
indispensable
part
of
Christmas
celebrations.
Lighting
up
the
Christmas
candle
This
refers
to
the
tradition
of
placing
a
lighted
candle
outside
houses
during
the
Christmas
season.
A
candle
signifies
hope
as
it
brings
light
even
to
the
darkest
room.
Sending
gifts
to
loved
ones
This
tradition
comes
from
the
story
of
the
three
wise
men
who
got
gifts
for
baby
Jesus
on
Christmas.
Singing
Christmas
carols
It
refers
to
the
age-old
custom
of
singing
a
number
of
traditional
Christmas
songs
during
the
Christmas
season.
It
adds
joy
and
fun
to
the
atmosphere.
译文
圣诞节一直是最美好的节日之一。这是上帝之子诞生在地球上的日子。
因此,对世界各地的基督徒来说,这一天是非常神圣的。圣诞季节自然少不了
各种圣诞传统。下面这些传统是几个世纪以来世界各地的人们一直热烈欢庆
的。
烘烤圣诞蛋糕
圣诞蛋糕是由鸡蛋、黄油、甜点、水果等烘制而成的。现如今,圣诞蛋糕
已成为圣诞菜谱不可或缺的一部分。
装扮圣诞树
这个传统指的是用彩灯、金箔、花环、饰品、糖果条等装扮松树。现如
今,圣诞树也是圣诞节庆典不可或缺的一部分。
点燃圣诞蜡烛
这个传统指的是圣诞期间人们在屋子外面放一支点燃的蜡烛。即便在最
黑暗的空间,蜡烛也能带来光明,寓意希望。
给亲友送礼物
这个传统源自一个传说:三位智者在圣诞节给婴儿耶稣送出了礼物。
唱圣诞颂歌
它指圣诞期间人们歌唱一首又一首圣诞传统歌曲的古老习俗。歌曲给
人们带来欢乐,也增添了节日气氛。(共95张PPT)
第一篇
教材过关
Unit?5 Revealing
nature
Section
Ⅰ Starting
out
&
Understanding
ideas
Ⅰ.课标单词
1.单词拼写
① ????/?sɑ?mp(?)l/n.样本
② ????/s??spekt/v.猜想,怀疑,觉得
③ ????/?i?v??lu??(?)n/n.进化(论)
自主学习·激发潜能
sample
suspect
evolution
2.根据英文释义选词填空
finch disgrace ancestor beak seed
① ????:the
hard
pointed
or
curved
outer
part
of
a
bird's
mouth
② ????:a
small
bird
with
a
short
strong
beak
③ ????:the
loss
of
other
people's
respect
and
approval
because
of
the
bad
way
sb.
has
behaved
④ ????:the
small
hard
part
produced
by
a
plant,
from
which
a
new
plant
can
grow
⑤ ????:a
person
in
your
family
who
lived
a
long
time
ago
beak
finch
disgrace
seed
ancestor
3.词汇拓展
① ????/?d?st?nt/adj.遥远的→distance/?d?st?ns/n.距离
② ????/d?i??l?d??st/n.地质学家→geology/d?i??l?d?i/n.地
质学→geological/?d?i???l?d??kl/adj.地质(学)的
③ ????/??v?lv/v.进化→evolution/?i?v??lu??(?)n/n.演变;进
化(论)
④ ????/?d?en?re?t/v.
产生;创造→generation/?d?en??re??n/
n.(能源的)产生;一代人
distant
geologist
evolve
generate
Ⅱ.情境词块
1.answer
the
call ????
2.first
choice ????
3.be
a
disgrace ????
4.lead
to ????
5.of
all
time ????
6.in
question ????
7.be
crowded
with ????
响应号召
最佳选择
是耻辱,是丢脸的事
导致
有史以来
讨论中的；不确定
充满,满是
8.come
to
exist ????
9.at
the
same
time ????
10.adapt
to ????
11.inspire
sb.
to
do
sth. ????
12.a
variety
of ????
13.according
to ????
14.be
regarded
as ????
15.begin
with ????
开始存在
同时
适应
激励某人做某事
多种多样的
根据
被看作
以……开始
Ⅲ.情境佳句
1.
句型公式
who引导的定语从句
教材原句
It
was
a
young
man
who
had
left
medical
school
without
completing
his
degree.
尝试翻译
???
?
这个年轻人从医学院肄业。
2.
句型公式
现在分词短语作后置定语
教材原句
What's
more,
he
had
recently
received
a
letter
from
his
father
predicting
that
he
would
be
“a
disgrace
to
yourself
and
all
your
family”.
尝试翻译
???
?
???
?
而且,在他刚收到的父亲的来信中,父亲预言
他将会成为“自己和全家人的耻辱”。?
3.
句型公式
形容词短语作状语
教材原句
The
young
man
in
question,
Charles
Darwin,
was
a
geologist
and
naturalist,
fascinated
by
rocks,
plants
and
animals.
尝试翻译
???
?
???
?
???
?
我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物
学家查尔斯·达尔文,他对岩石和动植物有
着浓厚的兴趣。?
4.
句型公式
so...that...引导结果状语从句
教材原句
But
Darwin's
scientific
studies
were
so
convincing
that
more
and
more
people
started
to
believe
his
theory.
尝试翻译
???
?
???
?
但是达尔文的科学研究很有说服力,以至于越
来越多的人开始接受他的理论。
Ⅰ.文本理解
Step
1 Reading
for
the
main
idea.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.Introduce
how
On
the
Origin
of
Species
was
written.
B.Tell
why
Charles
Darwin
travelled
on
the
Beagle.
C.Share
who
was
Charles
Darwin
with
readers.
D.Introduce
how
a
theory
of
evolution
was
discovered.
答案
D
文本互动·合作探究
Step
2 Reading
for
the
structure.
Fill
in
the
following
blanks
with
proper
words.
medical
disgrace
rocks,?plants?and?animals
England
come?to?exist
interested
new?species
On?the?Origin?of?Species
Step
3 Reading
for
the
details.
Choose
the
best
answer
according
to
the
text.
1.When
did
Charles
Darwin
begin
his
journey
of
discovery?
A.In
1831. B.In
1835.
C.In
1836. D.In
1859.
答案
A
2.What
interested
Darwin
the
most
on
the
Galápagos
Islands?
A.Fishes. B.Birds. C.Forests. D.Islands.
答案
B
3.According
to
Darwin,
how
did
new
species
of
plants
and
animals
come
to
exist?
A.They
came
from
the
same
place.
B.They
appeared
on
Earth
together.
C.They
evolved
from
their
ancestors.
D.They
often
changed
themselves.
答案
C
4.What
caused
the
theory
of
evolution
to
appear?
A.Darwin's
journey
on
the
Beagle.
B.The
writing
of
On
the
Origin
of
Species.
C.The
remarks
from
Darwin's
father.
D.The
captain
of
the
ship,
the
Beagle.
答案
A
Ⅱ.难句突破
1.[图解难句]
?
[自我分析]这是一个 ????句,其中who引导 ????从句,主句部分为 ???
?结构,the
Beagle是the
ship的 语,过去分词短语yet
little
known是后置定语,修饰countries。
[尝试翻译] ??
?
?
???
?
主从复合
定语
主谓宾
同位
贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员,这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国
家并从中受益”。
?
[自我分析]这是一个 ????句,第一分句中When引导 ????从句;第
二分句为强调句,强调 ????语。
[尝试翻译]
????
????
2.[图解难句]
并列复合
时间状语
主
1835年,当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛时,达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种,但最令他感兴
趣的是鸟类。
Ⅲ.文本复述
Step
1 Question
Answering
根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1.How
and
when
did
Charles
Darwin
go
aboard
on
the
Beagle?
Charles?Darwin?answered?the?call?of?the?captain?of?the?ship,?the?Beagle,?and?in?1831?he?left
?England?on?the?ship.?
2.What
did
the
journey
give
him?
The?journey?gave?him?the?chance?to?study?various?living?things?in?their?natural?envir-
onments.?
3.On
the
Galápagos
Islands
in
1835,
what
interested
him
the
most?
When?the?Beagle?reached?the?Galápagos?Islands,?the?birds?interested?him?the?most.
4.By
studying,
what
was
the
answer
to
how
new
species
of
plants
and
animals
came
to
exist?
They?evolved?from?earlier?ancestors.
5.What
was
put
forward
by
Darwin?
He?put?forward?a?theory?of?evolution.
6.When
was
his
book
On
the
Origin
of
Species
published?
It?was?not?published?until?1859?and?immediately?caused?a?storm.
Step
2 Text
Retelling
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的60词左右的短文。
Charles?Darwin?answered?the?call?of?the?captain?of?the?ship,?the?Beagle,?and?in?1831?he?
left?England?on?the?ship.?The?journey?gave?him?the?chance?to?study?various?living?things?
in?their?natural?environments.?When?the?Beagle?reached?the?Galápagos?Islands,?the?birds?
interested?him?the?most.?By?studying,?he?got?the?answer?to?how?new?species?of?plants?and?
animals?came?to?exist：?they?evolved?from?earlier?ancestors.?Later,?he?put?forward?a?theory?
of?evolution.?His?book?On?the?Origin?of?Species?was?not?published?until?1859?and?immediatelycaused?a?storm.
板块一 语言知识
1.The
captain
of
the
ship,
the
Beagle,
wanted
someone
who
would
“profit
by
the
opportunity
of
visiting
distant
countries
yet
little
known”.贝格尔号的船长想要
招募这样一名船员,这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远而鲜为人知的国家并
从中受益”。
(教材P50)
Paraphrase:
The
captain
of
the
ship,
the
Beagle,
needed
someone
who
would
bene-
fit
from
the
chance
to
visit
countries
that
were
far
away
and
unknown.
新知清障·素养构建
语言点1 distant
adj.遥远的;远亲的;疏远的
情境探究
①It
was
difficult
to
get
to
know
her
because
she
always
kept
everyone
at
a
dis-
tance.很难去了解她,因为她总是与每个人保持距离。
②She's
always
very
distant
and
cold,
so
I
have
to
keep
her
at
a
distance.
她总是很冷淡和疏远,所以我不得不与她保持距离。
③The
picture
where
a
girl
is
staring
at
the
mountain
in
the
distance
looks
more
beautiful
at
a
distance.那幅一个女孩凝望远山的画,从远处看会更漂亮。
归纳拓展
distance
n.距离
in
the
distance在远处
at
a
distance隔一段距离;从远处
at
a
distance
of...在……远的地方
keep
sb.
at
a
distance与某人保持距离
keep
one's
distance
from...与……保持距离,疏远……
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①He
wanted
to
get
away
from
everything,
so
he
moved
to
a
????
(dis-
tance)
land.
②Travelers
should
not
feed
the
wild
animals
????
a
close
distance
be-
cause
they
may
attack
people.
③The
railway
station
is
at
????
distance
of
two
miles
from
our
school.
distant
in
a
(2)单句写作
④往更远处看,我可以欣赏白雪皑皑的群山。
Farther ????,
I
could
enjoy
the
view
of
snowy
mountains.
in?the?distance
2.The
person
who
answered
the
call
was
not
the
captain's
first
choice.来应聘的人
并不是船长心中的理想人选。(教材P50)
语言点2 answer
the
call响应号召
情境探究
①I
can't
answer
the
telephone.
I
am
having
a
bath.
我不能接电话,我正在洗澡。
②You
will
have
to
answer
for
your
behaviour
one
day.
总有一天你要为你的行为承担责任。
③I
wish
I
knew
the
answer
to
your
question.
但愿我知道你的问题的答案。
④I
don't
quite
know
what
to
say
in
answer
to
your
question.
我不太清楚如何回答你的问题。
归纳拓展
(1)answer
v.答复;回答;应答;适合;符合
answer
to
sb.(for
sth.)向某人(为某事)负责
(2)answer
n.回答;答案;回应;足以媲美的人
the
answer
to...……的答案(to为介词)
in
answer
to回答,应答,响应
温馨提示
answer
for后可接名词或代词,一般不接
that
从句,若要接这类从句,通常应先接
it作形式宾语。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①The
answer
????
this
question
is
now
under
exploration.
②Knowing
her
well,
I
can
certainly
answer
????
her
honesty.
③The
doctor
came
at
once
????
answer
to
our
telephone
call.
(2)单句写作
④我不能保证他是诚实的。
I
can't
answer
for
????.
to
for
in
his?honesty
3.Despite
all
this,
his
adventures
on
this
ship
would
lead
to
one
of
the
most
impor-
tant
scientific
discoveries
of
all
time.尽管如此,他的这次乘船探险之旅将带来有
史以来最重要的一项科学发现。(教材P50)
语言点3 of
all
time
有史以来
情境探究
①At
one
time
I
used
to
go
skiing
every
winter.
曾经有一段时间,我每年冬天都去滑雪。
②She
ran
up
the
stairs
two
at
a
time.
她一步两阶地跑上楼梯。
③He
finished
off
two
bowls
of
noodles
in
no
time.
他很快就吃完了两碗面条。
④The
letter
was
in
my
pocket
all
the
time.
这封信一直在我的口袋里。
⑤At
no
time
could
I
have
said
such
a
thing.
我决不会讲出这种话。
归纳拓展
all
the
time一直 at
a
time依次;每次
at
all
times总是
at
one
time曾经,一度
on
time准时
in
no
time立刻
in
time及时
at
no
time永不;在任何时候都不(该短语位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装)
from
time
to
time有时,间或,偶尔
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①We
shall
be
landing
in
Paris
in
sixteen
minutes,
exactly
????
time.
②The
worst
tornado
????
all
time
occurred
in
1925,
affecting
three
US
states:
Missouri,
Illinois
and
Indiana.
③Keep
your
head
up,
and
look
around
you
from
time
????
time.
on
of
to
(2)一句多译
在任何时候你都不应该放弃读书。
④ ??
give
up
studying.
⑤You
????
give
up
studying
????.
At?no?time?should?you
should?not
at?any?time
4.The
young
man
in
question,
Charles
Darwin,
was
a
geologist
and
naturalist,
fas-
cinated
by
rocks,
plants
and
animals.我们提到的这个年轻人就是地质学家和博
物学家查尔斯·达尔文,他对岩石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。(教材P50)
语言点4 in
question讨论中的;有疑问;不确定
情境探究
①The
lady
in
question
is
not
in
the
office
now.????
谈到的那位女士现在没在办公室。
②Children's
lives
are
in
danger
every
time
they
cross
this
road.
孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险。
③We
must
try
to
live
in
peace
and
harmony
with
ourselves
and
those
around
us.
我们必须努力和我们自己及周围的人和睦相处。
④We
looked
at
each
other
in
silence.
我们相顾无言。
⑤Even
though
you
are
in
power,
you
can't
just
do
whatever
you
want.
即使你当权,
你也不能为所欲为。
归纳拓展
“in+名词”短语,in
表示“(目前状态、形势)处于……中”。
in
danger处于危险中 in
debt负债
in
doubt怀疑
in
peace和平地;平静地
in
silence沉默地
in
power当权
in
surprise惊讶地
in
trouble处于麻烦中
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①The
dam
was
????
danger
because
of
the
rising
flood.
②The
existence
of
global
warming
is
????
question.
(2)单句写作
③我总是很怀疑他对这个问题的解释。
I'm
rather
????
about
his
explanation
for
this
question.
in
in
in?doubt
5.After
Darwin
had
spent
some
time
in
South
America,
his
room
on
the
ship
was
crowded
with
samples
of
the
plants
and
animals
he
had
collected.
在南美洲度过
一段时间后,他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植物样本。(教材P51)
语言点5 be
crowded
with
充满……;挤满……
情境探究
①The
band
played
and
the
crowd
cheered.
乐队表演,观众欢呼。
②Thousands
of
people
have
crowded
into
the
small
town.
成千上万的人涌入了这个小镇。
③I
easily
spotted
him
in
the
crowd
because
he
was
very
tall.
因为他个子非常高,所以我在人群中很容易就认出了他。
归纳拓展
(1)be
crowded
with=be
filled
with=be
full
of挤满……
(2)crowd
n.人群????
a
crowd
of一群
crowds
of成群的
(3)crowd
v.聚集,拥挤
crowd
into涌入
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①Hotels
are
fully
booked
and
the
narrow
streets
are
crowded
????
won-
derful
customers.
②He
lost
his
wallet
yesterday
when
he
was
in
a
????
(crowd)
bus.
(2)单句写作
③这家餐馆在用餐时间总是客满。
The
restaurant
????
customers
at
meal
times.
with
crowded
is?always?crowded?with
6.As
he
studied
these,
he
asked
himself
the
question:
how
did
different
species
come
to
exist?当他研究这些样本时,他产生了疑问:这些不同的物种是如何产
生的?(教材P51)
语言点6 come
to
exist
开始存在
情境探究
①Nothing
exists
on
the
moon
as
there
is
no
water
and
no
air.
月球上没有东西生存,因为没有水和空气。
②No
one
knows
when
such
a
custom
first
came
into
existence.
没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始有的。
③Do
you
believe
in
the
existence
of
ghosts?
Perhaps
they
only
exist
in
the
minds
of
some
people.你相信鬼魂的存在吗?或许它们只存在于一些人的想象中。
④Steven
wrote
him
a
note
asking
him
to
come
to
his
apartment.
斯蒂芬给他写了张便条,请他去自己的公寓。
归纳拓展
(1)exist
vi.存在;生存;生活
exist
in存在于……
exist
on依靠……生存,依靠……生活
(2)existence
n.存在;生存
come
into
existence开始存在;产生;成立
in
existence现存的;现有的
(3)come
to
苏醒;到达;共计;被想起;谈到
误区警示
exist是不及物动词,不用于被动语态,通常不用进行时。
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①I
never
expected
those
few
items
to
come
to
so
much.
????
②When
he
came
to
and
raised
his
head
he
saw
Barney.
????
③I'm
beyond
my
depth
when
it
comes
to
natural
sciences.
????
(2)单句填空
④They
can't
exist
????
the
money
he's
earned.
⑤This
house
has
been
in
????
(exist)
for
many
years.
共计
苏醒
谈到
on
existence
7.Maybe
animals
evolved
as
they
adapted
to
their
changing
environments?也许动
物在适应不断变化的环境时进化了?(教材P51)
语言点7 adapt
to
适应
情境探究
①It
was
the
culture,
rather
than
the
language,
that
made
it
hard
for
him
to
adapt
to
the
new
environment
abroad.
是文化而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。
②The
author
is
going
to
adapt
his
novel
for
TV
series.
这位作者打算把他的小说改编成电视剧。
③This
TV
play
was
adapted
from
a
historical
novel.
这部电视剧改编自一部历史小说。
④The
adaptation
of
the
play
for
a
radio
manuscript
was
easy.
把剧本改编成广播稿很容易。
归纳拓展
(1)adapt
v.(使)适应
adapt
(oneself)
to使(某人自己)适应……
(2)adapt
v.改编
adapt
from根据……改编
adapt...for...把……改编(改装)为……
(3)adaptation
n.适应;改编;改编的作品
(4)adaptable
adj.可适应的;有适应能力的
易混辨析
adopt采用,采纳;收养;正式通过
adapt改写;改编;适应;适合
词汇助记
The
young
couple
had
no
children
of
their
own
and
adopted
a
boy
after
the
earth-
quake.
After
a
few
months,
the
boy
came
to
adapt
himself
to
the
life
in
the
new
home.这对年轻夫妻没有他们自己的孩子,在地震后收养了一个男孩。几个月
后,这个男孩适应了新家庭的生活。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①Three
of
her
novels
have
been
adapted
????
television.
②This
new
film
is
said
to
be
adapted
????
a
novel
by
Jane
Austen.
③The
world
will
be
different,
and
we
will
have
to
be
prepared
to
adapt
????
the
change.
for
from
to
(2)单句写作
④随着时间的推移,我逐渐适应了学校的生活。
As
time
went
by,
I
gradually
????.
adapted?myself?to?the?school?life
8.When
the
Beagle
reached
the
Galápagos
Islands
in
1835,
Darwin
saw
a
variety
of
new
species,
but
it
was
the
birds
that
interested
him
the
most.1835年,当贝格尔
号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛时,达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种,但最令他感兴趣
的是鸟类。(教材P51)
语言点8 a
variety
of
各种各样的
情境探究
①Some
experts
believe
that
the
two
language
varieties
are
moving
closer
and
closer.一些专家认为这两种语言变体正越来越接近。
②A
wide
variety
of
flowers
were
on
show
in
the
street.
街上展出了各种各样的花。
③I
was
impressed
by
the
variety
of
dishes
on
offer.
供应的菜肴之丰盛让我印象深刻。
④Opinions
on
this
matter
vary
from
person
to
person.
对于这件事,人们意见不一。
⑤The
menu
varies
with
the
season.菜单随季节而变动。
归纳拓展
(1)variety
n.种类;变体,变种;变化,多样化
the
variety
of...……的种类
a
(wide)
variety
of.../varieties
of...各种各样的……
(2)vary
v.相异;改变
vary
in...在……方面不同
vary
from...to...从……到……不等
vary
with...随……变化而变化
(3)various
adj.各种各样的
误区警示
“a
variety
of+名词”作主语,谓语动词与名词的数保持一致;“the
variety
of+
名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①These
cars
vary
????
size,
price,
colour
and
so
on.
②We
may
have
????
(vary)
ways
to
deal
with
such
a
situation.
③The
variety
of
apples
????
(be)
astonishing.
in
various
is
(2)单句写作
④我们经常看到无意识的肢体语言的例子,但也有“习得的”肢体语言,这种
肢体语言在不同的文化中各不相同。
We
see
examples
of
unconscious
body
language
very
often,
yet
there
is
also
“learned”
body
language,
which
?.
varies?from?culture?to?culture
9.Darwin
suspected
that
the
finches
had
evolved
from
a
common
ancestor,
which
had
arrived
on
the
islands
a
long
time
before.达尔文猜想这些雀鸟都是由共同的
祖先进化而来的,这些雀鸟的祖先很久以前就来到了这片群岛。(教材P51)
语言点9 suspect
v.猜想,怀疑,觉得
情境探究
①I
began
to
suspect
(that)
they
were
trying
to
get
rid
of
me.
我开始觉察出,他们正在试图摆脱掉我。
②Suspecting
nothing,
he
walked
right
into
the
trap.
他毫无觉察,径直走入陷阱。
③Some
of
the
evidence
they
produced
was
highly
suspect.
他们出示的证据中有些相当成问题。
④I
suspected
him
of
stealing
the
jewelry
from
the
store.????
我怀疑他从这个商店偷了珠宝。
⑤The
young
man
is
more
intelligent
than
we
suspected
him
to
be.这个年轻人比
我们猜想的更聪明。
归纳拓展
(1)suspect+n./pron.
怀疑……
suspect+that/wh-从句 猜想/怀疑/觉得……
suspect
sb./sth.
to
be怀疑某人/某事……
suspect
sb.
of...怀疑(某人有……罪)
(2)suspect
n.嫌疑犯;嫌疑分子
(3)suspect
adj.不可信的;靠不住的;可疑的
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①If
you
suspect
a
gas
leak,
do
not
strike
a
match
or
even
turn
on
an
electric
light.
????
②The
police
have
now
narrowed
down
their
list
of
suspects.
????
③His
fitness
is
suspect,
so
we
can't
risk
including
him
in
the
team.
????
怀疑
嫌疑犯
不可信的
(2)单句填空
④They
suspected
me
????
having
a
hand
in
the
affair.
⑤Nobody
can
possibly
suspect
????
he
says.
of
what
10.It
was
not
published
until
1859
and
immediately
caused
a
storm.这本书直到18
59年才出版,出版后立即引起轰动。(教材P51)
语言点10 句型公式:not...until...直到……才……
情境探究
①If
you
don't
understand
anything,
you
may
research,
study,
and
talk
to
other
people
until
you
figure
it
out.
如果你有任何事不明白,你可以研究、学习以及和其他人交谈直到你弄明白
为止。
②Leave
the
bandage
in
position
until
the
doctor
tells
you
to
remove
it.让绷带保
持原样,直到医生叫你拆掉为止。
③Not
until
you
told
me
did
I
have
any
idea
of
it.
直到你告诉我,我才知道这件事。
④Gaudi
worked
on
the
project
from
1882
until
his
death
in
1926.
高迪从1882年起从事这项工程直至1926年去世。
⑤You're
not
going
out
until
you've
finished
this.
你没把这事做完就不准出去。
归纳拓展
(1)在含有until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中,当主句的谓语动词为延
续性动词(如live、wait、work等)时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句的谓语动词为
短暂性动词(如go、come、leave、finish等)时,主句常用否定形式。
(2)not...until引导时间状语从句时,若not
until置于句首,主句要用部分倒装结构,
而从句不用倒装。
(3)until也可用作介词,后接名词作宾语。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①When
the
red
light
is
on,
please
stop
and
wait
????
the
green
light
is
on.
②He
didn't
apologize
to
me
????
he
realized
that
he
was
wrong.
(2)句式升级
③She
didn't
find
her
mother
alive
until
two
days
after
the
earthquake.
→ ?
she
find
her
mother
alive.
until
until
Not?until?two?days?after?the?earthquake?did
11.And
it
all
began
with
the
journey
on
the
Beagle.而这一切都开始于贝格尔号
的探索之旅。(教材P51)
语言点11 begin
with(=start
with)
以……开始
情境探究
①A
journey
of
a
thousand
miles
begins
with
a
single
step.
[谚语]千里之行,始于足下。
②The
teacher
began
the
lesson
with
an
English
song.
老师以一首英文歌曲开始了这节课。
③To
begin/start
with,
we
haven't
enough
money;and
secondly
we
haven't
enough
time.首先,我们没有足够的资金;其次,我们没有足够的时间。
归纳拓展
(1)begin...with...以……开始……(动词短语)
(2)to
begin/start
with
首先,第一(常作插入语,相当于副词)
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①To
work
out
a
plan,
one
has
to
start
????
an
investigation(调查).
② ????
(begin)
with,
the
author's
name,
Mark
Twain,
is
itself
an
invention,
or
the
“pen
name”.
(2)单句写作
③演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的音乐开始。
The
show
????
familiar
to
people
in
their
fifties.
with
To?begin
started/began?with?a?piece?of?music
用适当的词句补全教材原文。
A
Journey
of
Discovery
The
captain
of
the
ship,
the
Beagle,
wanted
someone
who
would
“profit
by
the
opportunity
of
visiting
????①
countries
yet
little
known”.
The
person
who
answered
the
call
was
not
the
captain's
first
choice.
It
was
a
young
man
who
had
left
medical
school
without
completing
his
degree.
What's
more,
he
had
recently
板块二 课文对译
教材原文
distant
received
a
letter
from
his
father
predicting
that
he
would
be
“ ???②
yourself
and
all
your
family”.
Despite
all
this,
his
adventures
on
this
ship
would
lead
to
one
of
the
most
important
scientific
discoveries
????③.
[文本解读]该段简单介绍了应聘登上贝格尔号的年轻人的情况以及家人对他
的评价等信息,虽然未被看好,但他的这次乘船探险之旅将带来有史以来最重
大的科学发现之一。
a?disgrace?to
of?all?time
发现之旅
贝格尔号的船长想要招募这样一名船员,这名船员将能“借此机会访问遥远①
而鲜为人知的国家并从中受益”。来应聘的人并不是船长心中的理想人选。这个年轻人从医学院肄业,并且在他刚收到的父亲的来信中,父亲预言他将会成为“自己和全家人的耻辱②”。尽管如此,他的这次乘船探险之旅将带来有史以来③最重要的一项科学发现。
The
young
man
????④,
Charles
Darwin,
was
a
geologist
and
naturalist,
in?question
fascinated
by
rocks,
plants
and
animals.
He
left
England
on
the
ship,
the
Beagle,
in
1831.The
journey
gave
him
the
chance
to
study
various
living
things
in
their
natural
environments.
After
Darwin
had
spent
some
time
in
South
America,
his
room
on
the
ship
????⑤
????⑥
of
the
plants
and
ani-
mals
he
had
collected.
As
he
studied
these,
he
asked
himself
the
question:
how
did
different
species
????⑦?
[文本解读]本段承接上文,指出应聘者是达尔文,以及他是如何产生“这些不
同的物种是如何产生的”这一想法的。
was?crowded?with
samples
come?to?exist
我们提到的④这个年轻人就是地质学家和博物学家查尔斯·达尔文,他对岩
石和动植物有着浓厚的兴趣。1831年,他搭乘贝格尔号从英格兰启程。这次
旅程给了他研究自然环境中各种生物的契机。在南美洲度过一段时间后,他
的船舱里堆满了⑤收集到的动植物样本⑥。当他研究这些样本时,他产生了疑
问:这些不同的物种是如何产生⑦的?
At
that
time,
people
believed
that
all
species
had
appeared
on
Earth
at
the
same
time,
and
had
not
changed
since.
But
Darwin
began
to
think
differently.
He
noticed
that
some
species
of
animals
were
very
similar
to
each
other.
Maybe
ani-
mals
????⑧
as
they
????⑨
their
changing
environments?
It
was
just
an
idea,
but
enough
to
inspire
Darwin
to
look
for
more
evidence.
[文本解读]该段首先陈述当时人们的观点,通过衔接词“But”进行转折,引出
达尔文在他旅行期间注意到的事情,从而激发他去进一步寻找证据。
当时,人们认为所有的物种都是同时出现在地球上的,并从此再无变化。
但达尔文开始有了不同的想法。他注意到,有些不同物种的动物彼此间很相
似。也许动物在适应⑨不断变化的环境时进化⑧了?虽然这只是一个设想,但足
够激励达尔文去寻求更多的证据。
evolved
adapted?to
????
?⑩.
Darwin
noticed
that
there
was
a
difference
between
the
??
on
each
of
the
islands.
It
seemed
their
?????
had
evolved
according
to
what
food
was
available
on
that
particular
island.
[文本解读]该段介绍了达尔文在他乘船探索至加拉帕戈斯群岛时,他对鸟类产
生了极大的兴趣,从而进一步推动他的发现。
1835年,当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛时,达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种,
When?the?Beagle?reached?the?Galápagos?Islands?in?1835,?Darwin?saw?a?variety?of?new?species,?but?it?was?the?birds?
?that
interested?him?the?most
finches
beaks
但最令他感兴趣的是鸟类⑩。达尔文注意到,在群岛中的每一个小岛上,雀鸟?
之间有所不同。它们的喙?似乎是根据所在岛屿上可觅得的食物进化而来的。
Darwin
?????
that
the
finches
had
evolved
from
a
common
ancestor,
which
had
arrived
on
the
islands
a
long
time
before.
Over
time,
it
had
slowly
e-
volved
into
many
new
species.
And
that
was
the
answer
to
how
new
species
of
plants
and
animals
came
to
exist:
they
evolved
from
earlier
ancestors.
[文本解读]通过观察雀鸟让他对“新动植物物种是如何产生的”这个问题确
定了答案:它们从早期的祖先进化而来。
suspected
达尔文猜想?这些雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来。很久以前,雀鸟的祖先
来到这片群岛,随着时间的推移,慢慢进化成许多新的种类。于是,关于动植物
的新种类是如何产生的这个问题就有了答案:它们是从早期的祖先进化而来
的。
It
was
a
completely
new
idea—a
theory
of
?????.
Darwin
explained
this
theory
in
his
book,
On
the
Origin
of
Species.
????
??.
Many
people
refused
to
believe
that
living
things,
including
evolution
It?was?not?published?until?1859?and?imm-
ediately?caused?a?storm
humans,
had
evolved
from
lower
forms
of
life.
They
were
shocked.
?
.
[文本解读]本段介绍了进化论的提出及其产生的影响。
这是一个全新的观点——进化?论。达尔文在他的《物种起源》一书中解释
了这一理论。这本书直到1859年才出版,出版后立即引起轰动?。很多人拒绝
相信包括人在内的所有生命都是从更低级的生命形式进化而来的。他们对此
感到震惊。但是达尔文的科学研究很有说服力,以至于越来越多的人开始接
受他的理论?
?scientific?studies?were?so?convincing?that?more?and?more?people?started?to?believe?his?theory
But?Darwin's
Today,
On
the
Origin
of
Species
is
regarded
as
one
of
the
most
important
works
ever
written.
It
has
changed
ideas
about
life
on
Earth
forever.
And
it
all
?????
the
journey
on
the
Beagle.
[文本解读]该段介绍了《物种起源》这本书的重要意义以及影响,而这些都源
于达尔文乘贝格尔号的航行。
如今,《物种起源》被认为是迄今为止最重要的著作之一。它彻底地改
变了人类对于地球上生命的认识。而这一切都开始于?贝格尔号的探索之
旅。
began?with
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.In
the
early
years,
athletes
ate
mushrooms
and
plant
????
(种子)
to
im-
prove
their
performance.
2.The
salesman
brought
some
????
(样品)
of
his
firm's
products.
3.Not
only
is
your
mark
in
English
a
????
(耻辱),
but
you
have
even
failed
in
mathematics.
4.I
????
(怀疑)
that
he
didn't
tell
me
the
truth.
素养达标·迁移创新
seeds
samples
disgrace
suspected
5.As
a
????
(地质学家),
he
uncovers
the
planet's
past
by
looking
at
its
rocks.
6.The
direct
????
(祖先)
of
the
modern
cat
was
the
Kaffir
cat
of
ancient
Egypt.
7.The
success
and
failure
of
a
language
????
(产生)
from
the
same
source.
8.Please
remember
that
some
birds
have
very
powerful
????
(喙).
geologist
ancestor
generate
beaks
Ⅱ.语境选词
of
all
time,
in
question,
be
crowded
with,
come
to
exist,
adapt
to,
a
variety
of,
be
regarded
as,
begin
with
1.Certain
forms
of
knowledge
????
in
certain
places.
2.He
is
universally
recognized
as
one
of
the
greatest
scientists
????.
3.My
house
used
to
????
visitors,
but
now
visitors
are
few
and
far
between.
come?to?exist
of?all?time
be?crowded?with
4.The
lighting
of
a
wood
fire
????
small
pieces
of
wood.
5.It
????
natural
behavior
that
a
man
helps
the
old
down
stairs.
6.The
new
teacher
was
very
slow
to
????
the
unusual
rules
of
the
school.
7.She
made
the
children
glad
in
????
ways.
8.The
new
ideas
are
????
at
present,
and
we're
awaiting
final
de-
cisions
from
top
management.
begins?with
is?regarded?as
adapt?to
a?variety?of
in?question
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.直到那时他才认识到这个问题的重要性。(not
until位于句首)
realize
the
importance
of
the
problem.
2.疗效因人而异。(vary
with)
The
effect
of
the
treatment
????
individuals.
3.他们走得那么快,我没法跟上。(so...that...)
They
walked
not
keep
up
with
them.
Not?until?then?did?he
varies?with?different
so?fast?that?I?could
4.他们都谨慎地避开这位严肃的教授。(distance)
They
were
careful
to
the
serious
professor.
5.我们不能去。首先,天气太冷。另外,我们没有钱。(begin)
We
can't
go. ????,
it's
too
cold.
Besides,
we
have
no
money.
keep?their?distance?from
To?begin?with
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Charles
Darwin
was
a
geologist
and
naturalist,
who
was
fascinated
by
rocks,
plants
and
animals.
He
1. ????
(leave)England
on
the
ship,
the
Beagle,
in
1831.The
journey
gave
him
the
chance
to
study
2. ????
(vary)
living
things
in
their
natural
environments.
After
Darwin
3. ????
(spend)
some
time
in
South
America,
his
room
on
the
ship
was
crowded
4. ????
samples
of
the
plants
and
animals
he
had
collected.
As
he
studied
these,
he
asked
5. ????
(him)
the
question:
how
did
different
species
come
to
exist?
He
noticed
that
some
species
of
6. ?(animal)
were
very
similar
to
each
left
various
had?spent
with
himself
animals
other.
When
the
Beagle
reached
the
Galápagos
Islands
in
1835,
Darwin
saw
a
va-
riety
of
new
species,
7. ????
it
was
the
birds
that
interested
him
the
most.
Darwin
noticed
that
there
was
a
difference
between
the
finches
on
each
of
the
is-
lands.
Over
time,
it
had
8. ????
(slow)
evolved
into
many
new
species.
And
that
was
9. ????
new
species
of
plants
and
animals
came
to
exist.
It
was
a
completely
new
idea—a
theory
of
10. ????
(evolve).
Darwin
explained
this
theory
in
his
book,
On
the
Origin
of
Species.
It
has
changed
ideas
about
life
on
Earth
forever,
which
all
began
with
the
journey
on
the
Beagle.
but
slowly
how
evolution
