高中英语语法专题指导课件-状语从句

(共19张PPT)
高中语法专题（二）
状 语 从 句
时间状语从句
原因状语从句
地点状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
条件状语从句
让步状语从句
比较状语从句
方式状语从句
引导词
when
whenever
as
while
before
after
until (till)
since
as soon as
once
each/every time
next time
the first time
the moment
the minute
instantly
immediately
directly　(一…就…)
no sooner…than
hardly/scarcely…when
1)when的用法：
sb was doing…when… 正在做某事 ….突然发生另一件事
sb be about to do… when… 正要做 ….突然发生另一件事
sb had done…when… 刚做完某事….突然发生另一件事
2.)几种特殊句型与强调结构的区别：
It is/was + 具体时间点 + when… 那是在…时…发生的
It is/has been +时段 + since… 自从…以来过了多久了
It will be/was +时段 + before (现在时/过去时)要过/已经过了多久才
It is /was +时间状语+that … 就是在…时间发生的某事，是强调句
3).before的用法：
A：表“还未来得及…就…”
B：表“过一段时间才…”，
4).在not…until结构中，谓语用短暂性动词， “直到…才”;
肯定句中谓语为延续性动词，用until表“一直持续到…”。
考查重点
5) no sooner…than
hardly/scarcely…when 刚……就
A. 时态：主句用过去完成时（had + pp）
从句用一般过去时
B. 倒装： no sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，主句要
到装
She had no sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move.
No sooner had she arrived at the station than ….
He had hardly entered the hotel when it began to snow.
Hardly had he entered the hotel when it began to snow
1.We were told that we should follow the main road____we reached
the central railway station. (2004辽宁)
A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever
2.It is almost five years____we saw each other last time.(2005北京)
A. before B. since C. after D. when
3.Simon thought his computer was broken_____his little brother
pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. (2005北京春)
A. until B. unless C. after D. because
4.The American Civil War lasted four years____the North won in
the end.(2005广东30)
A. after B. before C. when D. then
5.--Did Jack come back early last night？ (2005福建)
--Yes. It was not yet eight o'clock_____ he arrived home.
A. before B. when C. that D. until
6.We were swimming in the lake____suddenly the storm started
A.when B.while C.until D.before (2004北京春)
B
B
A
B
B
A
because, since, as, for, now( that), considering (that),
seeing (that)
考虑到／鉴于
鉴于／由于／因为
考查重点because, since, as, for
because—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答why
since – 通常放句首．译为“既然”
as– 不谈自明的原因，语气最弱．
for– 放句中，对前面一句话的内容的补充说明 。
1.Parents should take seriously their children's requests for sunglasses
____eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. (2004上海)
A. because B. though C. unless D. if
2.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at
Canada,____this was a memory she especially treasured.(2006广东)
A. as B. if C. when D. where
A
A
地点状语从句由where. wherever引导。where指“在某个地方”，
wherever指“无论哪里，在任何一个地方”，在使用时：一要注
意两者的含义区别。二要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。三
要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词+which引导。出题者既考状
语从句又考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加入名词性从句这
一干扰项。
1.If you are traveling____the customs are really foreign to your own，please
do as the Romans do. (2006天津)
A.in which B.what C.when D.where
2.In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help___there is human
suffering.
A.whoever B.however C.whatever D.wherever ( 06江西)
3.--Mom，what did your doctor say？ (2006四川)
--He advised me to live____the air is fresher.
A.in where B.in which C.the place where D.where
D
D
D
目的状语从句和结果状语从句
引导目的状语从句连词有：in case, so that, in order that,
for fear that。 so that引导状语从句只能置于主句之后。In order
that引导状语从句可放主句之前或之后。目的状语从句的谓语常
含有can，could，may，might情态动词。这也是与结果状语从句
的一个区别。引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that，so…that，
such…that.结果状语放在主句之后。
注意：在so…that，such…that结构中一般成分齐全。这也是
与as引导定语从句的区别。在so…as，such…as 这一结构中，
as引导定语从句，在句中做成分。
1.Roses need special care____they can live through winter.
A.because B.so that C.even D.as (04全国卷I)
2.I'd like to arrive 20 minutes early____I can have time for a
cup of tea. (2005北京)
A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that
3.You'd better take something to read when you go to see the
doctor____you have to wait. (2005广东)
A.even if B.as if C.in case D.in order that
4.His plan was such a good one____we all agreed to accept it.
A.so B.and C.that D.as(2006陕西)
B
D
C
C
if
as/so long as
as far as
unless
in case（如果）
suppose/supposing (that)
Providing/provided (that)
on condition that
given (that)
条件状语从句一般考查三点：
1)在条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用一般过
去时表过去将来时。
2)if，unless，in case是考查重点。
3)when还可表条件，这一点不可忽视。意思是：既然，考虑到。
如：
How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time
watching television？他们把所有空闲的时间都用来看电视了，
还能学到什么东西呢？
1._____you call me to say you're not coming，I'll see you at the
theatre. (2004吉林)
A.Though B.Whether C.Until D. Unless
2.---What would you do if it ___ tomorrow？
---We have to carry it on，since we've got everything ready.
A.rain B.rains C.will rain D.is raining (05全国)
3.You must keep on working in the evening____you are sure you
can finish the task in time. (2005安徽)
A.as B.if C.when D.unless
4._______you've tried it，you can't imagine how pleasant it is
A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.When (06北京)
5.In time of serious accidents，____we know some basic things
about first aid，we can save lives. (2006重庆)
A.whether B.until C.if D.unless
D
B
D
A
C
让步状语从句的连词有：though /although“尽管”，even if /even
though“即使”，no matter how(what，when，which，who，
where)，however(whatever，whenever，whichever，whoever，
wherever), as“尽管”
1)although与though可互换，都可以与yet，still连用，但不能和but连用。
2)However引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词。
3)While也可引导让步状语从句，这一点特容易被考生忽视。
4)Whatever修饰名词，“无论什么”，however修饰形容词、副词，“无论多么，
无论怎么”。
5)even if/even though(即使)与as if/as though(好像)这两组学生容易混淆，
也是出题者关注的对象，平时要记准含义。
1.____，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.(04上海春)
A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing
2.____I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person. (04江苏)
A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless
3.You should try to get a good night's sleep_____ much work you have to do.(04湖北)
A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever
4.He tried his best to solve the problem，_____difficult it was. (05天津)
A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. although
5.Allow children the space to voice their opinion，_____they are different from
your own. (05湖南)
A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though
6.The old tower must be saved，________the cost . (05浙江)
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever
7.___he has limited technical knowledge，the old worker has a lot of experience
A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although. (06全国卷I)
C
A
A
A
B
B
D
as／like
as if/as though
than / as—注意省略
The project was completed earlier than (it was) expected.
He worked as fast as a skilled worker (worked).
Repeat this as often as (it) is necessary.
Then see a doctor as soon as (it is) possible.
Do you have to feed plants like you feed chickens
Do it like I tell you.
（1）连词 + 过去分词
Don’t speak until spoken to.
Pressure can be increased when needed.
Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.
（2）连词 +现在分词
Look out while crossing the street.
（3）连词 + 形容词 / 其他常见的有 if necessary, if possible,
when necessary, if any等。
状语从句中从句的省略现象
(08·安徽)— Have you got any particular plans for the
coming holiday
— Yes, , I’m going to visit some homes for the
old in the city.
A. If ever B. If busy
C. If anything D. If possible
考查省略句。此句的意思是：“你们为即将到来的假期做了特别的计划没？”“是的，如果有可能的话，我们将去拜访这座城市的老年之家。”if possible是if it is possible 的省略形式。
剖析
tips
由as, once，when，while，before，after，till，until引导的时间状语从句;由if，unless，whether引导的条件状语从句;由though，although，even if，whatever引导的让步状语从句；由as，than引导的比较状语从句；由as，as if，as though引导的方式状语从句都可以出现省略现象，当然应该遵循一定的规则。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be.
He looked everywhere as if ( he was ) in search of
something.
(2) The exhibition is more interesting than (it was)
expected.
(3) He opened his lips as if ( he were) to speak.