Unit
1
Living
well
身患残疾者出门旅行会有许多不便。下面文章是一些建议，帮助残疾人更好地出门旅行。
The
Americans
with
Disabilities
Act
says
that
travelers
with
disabilities
should
receive
equal
treatment
under
the
law.
While
this
would
be
the
case
in
a
perfect
world,
it
doesn't
always
work
out
that
way
in
real
life.
The
following
tips
and
resources
will
help
disabled
travelers
and
those
who
travel
with
them
have
a
better
journey.
Call
ahead.
Service
providers
are
required
by
law
in
many
cases
to
provide
service
to
travelers
with
special
needs.
However,
they
need
some
time
to
make
the
necessary
arrangements.
Call
the
provider
24
to
48
hours
before
your
arrival
to
make
sure
that
proper
arrangements
have
been
made.
Be
clear
when
describing
a
disability.
Not
all
service
providers
know
the
medical
terms
for
certain
conditions.
Give
as
many
details
as
you
can
about
what
you
can
and
can't
do.
The
more
information
a
service
provider
has,
the
better
they
will
be
able
to
serve
you.
Give
yourself
enough
time.
Allow
plenty
of
time
before
your
flight
to
check
in，get
through
security，and
get
to
your
gate.
Arrive
at
least
two
hours
before
a
national
flight
and
three
hours
before
an
international
flight—more
if
you're
traveling
at
a
peak
time.
Don't
forget
about
transportation
to
and
from
the
airport.
If
you
have
a
wheelchair，arrange
for
a
vehicle
in
advance
to
pick
you
up
in
your
destination
city.
Bring
spare
parts
and
tools.
Wheelchairs
can
cause
trouble
while
traveling.
Prepare
a
small
kit
of
spare
parts
and
tools
for
repairs.
You
may
also
be
required
to
take
apart
a
wheelchair
for
certain
flights
or
activities;
make
sure
you
and
those
who
travel
with
you
know
how
to
do
this.
Know
your
rights.
Before
going
through
airport
security,
be
aware
of
the
rules
for
travelers
with
disabilities
and
medical
conditions.
The
US
Department
of
Transportation's
Aviation
Consumer
Protection
Division
has
a
guide
to
the
rights
of
air
travelers
with
disabilities.
[阅读障碍词]
1．security
n．
安全(检查)
2．peak
adj.
高峰的，最大值的
n.
山峰，最高点
3．vehicle
n.
车辆，交通工具
4．kit
n.
衣物和装备，成套用品，配件
[诱思导读]
阅读短文内容，回答以下问题。
1．What
is
implied
in
Paragraph
1?
A．Disabled
travelers
can
travel
on
their
own.
B．People
with
disabilities
aren't
encouraged
to
travel.
C．Disabled
travelers
may
not
receive
equal
treatment.
D．People
with
disabilities
are
well
protected
when
traveling.
2．What's
the
author's
purpose
in
writing
this
passage?
[答案] 1.C
2．To
help
disabled
people
travel
better.
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.ambition
A．adj.适合的；适宜的
( )2.suitable
B．adj.有益的；受益的
( )3.beneficial
C．n.缺席；不在某处
( )4.disability
D．n.雄心；野心
( )5.absence
E．n.伤残；无力；无能
( )6.annoy
F．n.鼓励；奖励
( )7.encouragement
G．adj.外向的；友好的；外出的；离
开的
( )8.conduct
H．vt.使……不悦；惹恼
( )9.outgoing
I．n.行为；品行vt.指挥；管理；主持
( )10.fellow
J．adj.同伴的；同类的n．同伴；同
志；伙伴
[答案] 1－5 DABEC 6－10 HFIGJ
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
A．总而言之 B．取笑 C．上气不接下气 D．切去
E．适合，适应 F．换句话说
( )1.We
ran
so
fast
that
we
were
out
of
breath.
( )2.It's
bad
manners
to
make
fun
of
the
disabled
people.
( )3.Sometimes
he
is
a
little
naughty，but
all
in
all
he
is
a
good
boy.
( )4.The
price
of
house
has
gone
up.In
other
words，we
have
to
pay
more
for
it.
( )5.Though
the
girl's
leg
was
cut
out
as
a
result
of
the
earthquake，she
was
not
disappointed.
( )6.Having
settled
in
that
remote
area，the
young
man
quickly
adapted
to
the
weather
there.
[答案] 1－6 CBAFDE
Marty's
story
Hi,
my
name
is
Marty
Fielding
and
I
guess
you
could
say
that
I
am
“one
in
a
million”①.
In
other
words,
there
are
not
many
people
like
me.
You
see,
I
have
a
muscle
disease
which
makes
me
very
weak②，
so
I
can't
run
or
climb
stairs
as
quickly
as
other
people.
In
addition,
sometimes
I
am
very
clumsy(笨拙的)
and
drop
things
or
bump(碰撞)
into
furniture.
Unfortunately,
the
doctors
don't
know
how
to
make
me
better,
but
I
am
very
outgoing
and
have
learned
to
adapt
to
my
disability.
My
motto
is:
live
one
day
at
a
time.
马蒂的故事
你好，我叫马蒂·菲尔丁，我猜你可能会说我是“百万人中才有一个”的那种人。换句话说，像我这样的人并不多见。你看，我有一种肌肉疾病，它使我(的身体)非常虚弱，因此我不能像其他人那样快跑或快步爬楼梯。另外，有时候我很笨拙，会摔掉东西或碰到家具上。不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。我的座右铭是：活一天，算一天。
[助读讲解] ①one
in
a
million百万人中才有一个。②which引导定语从句，修饰a
muscle
disease。
Until
I
was
ten
years
old
I
was
the
same
as
everyone
else.
I
used
to
climb
trees,
swim
and
play
football.
In
fact,
I
used
to
dream
about
playing
professional
football
and
possibly
representing
my
country
in
the
World
Cup.
Then
I
started
to
get
weaker
and
weaker③，
until
I
could
only
enjoy
football
from
a
bench
at
the
stadium.
In
the
end
I
went
into
hospital
for
medical
tests.
I
stayed
there
for
nearly
three
months.
I
think
I
had
at
least
a
billion
tests,
including
one
in
which
they
cut
out
a
piece
of
muscle
from
my
leg
and
looked
at
it
under
a
microscope(显微镜).
Even
after
all
that,
no
one
could
give
my
disease
a
name
and
it
is
difficult
to
know
what
the
future
holds④
.
直到我10岁时，我还和其他人一样，我过去常常爬树、游泳和踢足球。事实上，我过去常常梦想着成为职业球员，而且可能代表我的国家参加世界杯。后来我开始变得越来越虚弱，直到我只能坐在体育馆的长椅上欣赏足球。最后我去医院做了医疗检查。我在那里待了近3个月。我想我做过无数次检查了，其中有一次检查，他们从我的腿部切下一小块儿肌肉，放在显微镜下观察。甚至所有检查之后，也没有人能给我的病一个名称，而且很难知道将来是什么样。
[助读讲解] ③比较级＋and＋比较级“越来越……”。④it
is
difficult
to
know
what...中，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，what引导宾语从句。
One
problem
is
that
I
don't
look
any
different
from
other
people⑤.
So
sometimes
some
children
in
my
primary
school
would
laugh,
when
I
got
out
of
breath
after
running
a
short
way
or
had
to
stop
and
rest
halfway
up
the
stairs.
Sometimes,
too,
I
was
too
weak
to
go
to
school
so
my
education
suffered⑥.
Every
time
I
returned
after
an
absence,
I
felt
stupid
because
I
was
behind
the
others.
一个问题是我看起来与其他人没有任何区别。当我跑很短的一段路之后，我就会喘不过气来，或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息。因此上小学时有的孩子见了我这种情况就会笑话我。也有时候，我(的身体)太虚弱了，以至于不能去上学，因此我的教育受到了影响。每次我缺课之后，我就觉得自己很笨，因为我落后于别人了。
[助读讲解] ⑤that引导表语从句，that不作成分。⑥suffer
v．变差，受难，受苦，遭受。
My
life
is
a
lot⑦
easier
at
high
school
because
my
fellow
students
have
accepted
me.
The
few
who
cannot
see
the
real
person
inside
my
body
do
not
make
me
annoyed,
and
I
just
ignore
them.
All
in
all
I
have
a
good
life.
I
am
happy
to
have
found
many
things
I
can
do⑧，like
writing
and
computer
programming.
My
ambition
is
to
work
for
a
firm(公司)
that
develops
computer
software(软件)
when
I
grow
up.
Last
year
I
invented
a
computer
football
game
and
a
big
company
has
decided
to
buy
it
from
me.
I
have
a
very
busy
life
with
no
time
to
sit
around
feeling
sorry
for
myself.
As
well
as
going
to
the
movies
and
football
matches
with
my
friends,
I
spend
a
lot
of
time
with
my
pets.
I
have
two
rabbits,
a
parrot(鹦鹉),
a
tank(缸)
full
of
fish
and
a
tortoise(龟).
To
look
after
my
pets
properly
takes⑨
a
lot
of
time
but
I
find
it
worthwhile.
I
also
have
to
do
a
lot
of
work,
especially
if
I
have
been
away
for
a
while.
因为我的同学们已经接受了我，所以我的高中生活容易多了。那些不能理解我内心世界的少数同学不会使我不高兴，我不会去理会他们。总而言之，我生活得挺好。我很高兴地发现我能做许多事情，比如写作和计算机编程。我的志向是长大后为一家开发电脑软件的公司工作。去年，我发明了一个电脑足球游戏，并且有一家大公司已经决定从我这儿把它买走。我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。除了和我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛之外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。我有两只兔子、一只鹦鹉、一鱼缸的鱼和一只乌龟。为了很好地照顾我的宠物们，我花了许多时间，但是我觉得这是值得的。我也不得不做许多工作，尤其是如果我离开了一段时间。
[助读讲解] ⑦a
lot
相当于much，修饰easier。⑧动词不定式的完成式to
have
done表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表动作之前。⑨动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数。
In
many
ways
my
disability
has
helped
me
grow
stronger
psychologically(精神上地)
and
become
more
independent.
I
have
to
work
hard
to
live
a
normal
life⑩
but
it
has
been
worth
it.
If
I
had
a
chance
to
say
one
thing
to
healthy
children,
it
would
be
this?：
having
a
disability
does
not
mean
your
life
is
not
satisfying.
So
don't
feel
sorry
for
the
disabled
or
make
fun
of
them,
and
don't
ignore
them
either.
Just
accept
them
for
who
they
are，and
give
them
encouragement
to
live
as
rich
and
full
a
life
as
you
do.
Thank
you
for
reading
my
story.
在许多方面，我(身体)的残疾使我心理上变得更加坚强、更加独立。我必须努力工作来过正常的生活，但这是值得的。假如我有机会对健康的孩子们讲一句话，这句话就是：身患残疾并不意味着你的生活不美满。因此，不要感到残疾人可怜或取笑他们，也不要忽视他们。接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。
谢谢你们读我的故事。
[助读讲解] ⑩live/lead
a
...
life
过……的生活。?If
I
had
...
it
would
be
...是与现在或将来事实相反的虚拟语气。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
Ⅰ.速读P2－P3教材课文，选择最佳答案
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A．How
Marty
lives
a
rich
and
full
life
even
though
he
is
disabled.
B．How
Marty
achieves
a
lot.
C．How
people
ignore
the
disabled.
D．How
Marty's
disability
helps
him
grow
stronger.
[答案] A
Ⅱ.速读P2－P3教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1
A．How
Marty's
life
has
become
easier.
2．Para.2
B．Marty
met
a
lot
of
difficulties
at
school.
3．Para.3
C．The
advantages
of
Marty's
disease.
4．Para.4
D．An
introduction
to
Marty
and
his
disease.
5．Para.5
E．How
Marty's
disability
developed.
[答案] 1－5 DEBAC
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P2－P3教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Why
did
the
doctors
cut
out
a
piece
of
muscle
from
Marty's
leg?
A．Because
they
wanted
to
use
it
as
a
specimen(标本)．
B．Because
they
would
transplant(移植)
the
new
muscle.
C．Because
they
could
cure
the
disease
by
cutting
it
out.
D．Because
they
wanted
to
find
out
the
cause
of
the
disease.
2．What
kind
of
disease
does
Marty
have?
A．He
has
a
mental
disease.
B．He
has
an
infectious
disease.
C．He
has
a
muscle
disease.
D．He
has
an
eye
disease.
3．From
Marty
Fielding's
story，we
can
draw
the
conclusion
EXCEPT
that
．
A．disabled
people
can
live
a
normal
life
by
their
working
hard
B．most
of
the
disabled
people
cannot
adapt
to
their
disability
C．disabled
people
can
get
stronger
and
more
independent
D．disabled
people
should
get
more
encouragement
and
concerns
4．According
to
the
passage，we
can
infer
that
.
A．Marty's
life
is
full
of
challenge
B．Marty
feels
lonely
C．Marty
feels
sorry
for
being
disabled
D．Marty
will
lose
heart
[答案] 1－4 DCBA
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P2－P3教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Marty
is
a
disabled
but
fairly
positive
person
who
never
feels
sorry
for
1.himself(he)
and
has
learned
to
adapt
2.to
his
disability.Marty
always
3.considers(consider)
he
has
a
good
life.He
is
realistic
about
his
4.disability(disable)
but
he
never
stops
doing
as
much
as
he
can.He
keeps
himself
busy
5.doing(do)
things
like
writing
and
computer
programming
6.which/that
do
not
require
physical
strength.He
has
friends
with
whom
he
can
go
to
movies
and
football
7.matches(match)
and
he
has
lots
of
pets.He
also
studies
hard.He
is
a
8.mentally(mental)
strong
and
9.independent(depend)
boy.Marty
is
able
to
live
as
rich
and
full
10.a
life
as
everyone
else.
PAGEUnit
1
Living
well
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．The
concert
conducted(指挥)by
your
cousin
last
night
was
really
a
great
success.
2．Your
problem
is
that
you
have
no
ambition
(雄心)．
3．The
girl
is
very
outgoing
(外向的)
and
we
all
like
her.
4．She
is
a
graduate
in
literature(文学)．
5．Getting
the
support
of
the
Queen
was
a
great
encouragement
(鼓舞)
to
those
involved
in
the
project.
6．The
mosquitoes
annoyed
me
so
much
that
I
couldn't
sleep.
7．As
we
all
know，fresh
air
is
beneficial
to
our
health.
8．She
was
ill，so
she
was
absent
from
the
meeting
that
day.
9．Our
teacher
said
that
this
book
was
suitable
for
us
to
read.
10．It's
difficult
for
the
old
woman
to
adapt
to
the
wet
climate
here.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．absent
adj.缺席的→absence
n．缺席；不在某处
2.
ambition
n．雄心；野心→ambitious
adj.有雄心的；有野心的
3．benefit
n．好处；益处
v．有益于；获益→beneficial
adj.有益的；受益的
4.
annoy
vt.使……不悦；惹恼→annoyed
adj.颇为生气的→annoyance
n．烦恼
5．disable
vt.使(某人)残废；使……无能→disabled
adj.伤残的→
disability
n．伤残；无力；无能
6.
courage
n．勇气；胆量；勇敢→
encourage
vt.鼓励；激励→encouragement
n．鼓励；奖励
7.
psychology
n．心理(学)→psychological
adj.心理(学)的；精神上的→psychologically
adv.心理(学)地；精神上地
v.＋?able→adj.
v.＋?ment→n.
adaptable
可适应的；有适应能力的agreeable
欣然同意的tolerable
可忍受(或容忍、宽恕)的
movement
运动management
管理establishment
建立；设立
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．in
other
words
换句话说
2．adapt
to
适合
3．cut
out
切去；省略；停止(做某事)
4．out
of
breath
上气不接下气
5．all
in
all
总而言之
6．sit
around
闲坐着
7．as
well
as
和；也
8．in
many
ways
在很多方面
9．make
fun
of
取笑
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．He
seldom
speaks
in
public
as
he
is
afraid
of
being
made
fun
of．
2．Look！This
is
an
excellent
article
that
I
have
cut
out
of
the
magazine.
3．We
used
to
sit
around
for
hours
talking
about
the
meaning
of
life.
4．We
ran
all
the
way
to
the
cinema，arriving
there
quite
out
of
breath．
5．Tom
as
well
as
his
parents
went
to
Hong
Kong
to
spend
the
summer
holiday.
6．It
is
not
easy
for
the
old
couple
to
adapt
to
the
city
life
after
living
in
the
countryside
for
50
years.
v.＋out→动词短语
v.＋around→动词短语
break
out
爆发
point
out
指出
pick
out
选出
figure
out
算出；理解
go
around
到处走动；转动；旋转turn
around
(使)转身show
around
领……参观
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.Sometimes，too，I
was
too
weak
to
go
to
school
so
my
education
suffered.有时，我的身体很虚弱，以至于不能去上学，因此我的教育受到了影响。
too...to...意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定含义
The
coat
was
too
small
for
me
to
wear，therefore
I
put
it
away.这件外套太小了，我穿不上。因此，我就把它放了起来。
2.Every
time
I
returned
after
an
absence，I
felt
stupid
because
I
was
behind
the
others.每次我缺课之后，我就觉得自己很笨，因为我落后于别人了。
every
time意为“每次”，引导时间状语从句
Don't
stop
every
time
you
meet
with
a
word
or
phrase
you
don't
know.不要每次一遇到不认识的词或短语就停下来。
3.I
have
a
very
busy
life
with
no
time
to
sit
around
feeling
sorry
for
myself.我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
现在分词短语作伴随状语
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解D篇)Gordon
says
his
students
are
emailing
daily
with
NASA
engineers
about
the
problem，readying
a
workable
solution
to
test
in
space.戈登说，他的学生每天都在与美国航空航天局的工程师们就这个问题发电子邮件，为太空测试的可行性办法做好准备。
4.Just
accept
them
for
who
they
are，and
give
them
encouragement
to
live
as
rich
and
full
a
life
as
you
do.接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。
“as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as”结构，意为“像……一样的……”
In
spite
of
disability，Jack
can
live
as
normal
a
life
as
everybody
else.尽管残疾，杰克却和身边的每个人一样过着正常的生活。
suitable
adj.适合的；适宜的
(教材P1)Although
some
may
think
the
cinema
is
noisy，it
is
suitable
for
Sally's
condition.
尽管有些人认为电影院很嘈杂，但这很适合萨利的情况。
(1)be
suitable
for
对……适合
be
suitable
to
do
sth.
适合做某事
(2)suit
v.
合(某人)心意；适合
n.
一套外衣；套装
①His
ambition
is
to
make
a
film
that
is
suitable
for
children.他的夙愿是拍一部适合孩子看的电影。
②It
is
not
suitable
for
you
to
dress
(dress)
like
that
for
a
party.你穿那样的衣服参加聚会并不十分得体。
③We
need
to
find
someone
suitable
(suit)
to
replace
Mary.我们需要找合适的人来代替玛丽。
The
color
of
the
dress
suits
you
well
and
it
is
suitable
for
a
formal
party.
这件裙子的颜色很适合你，穿着去参加正式的晚会也很适合。
beneficial
adj.有益的；受益的
(教材P1)Glance
at
the
title
and
picture，then
discuss
with
a
partner
what
kind
of
thing
you
think
people
would
write
about
and
why
disabled
people
find
the
website
beneficial.
浏览标题和图片，然后和你的伙伴讨论你认为人们会写什么样的内容以及为什么残疾人觉得这家网站对他们有益。
(1)be
beneficial
to
对……有益处
(2)benefit
vt.
对……有益，有益于
vi.
得益，受惠
n.
益处，好处
benefit
from
从……中获得益处
be
of
benefit
to...＝be
beneficial
to...
对……有益
for
sb.'s
benefit＝for
the
benefit
of
sb.
为了某人的利益
①You
must
study
hard
for
the
benefit
of
your
own.
＝You
must
study
hard
for
your
own
benefit.
为了你自己的利益你必须努力学习。
②There's
no
doubt
that
a
good
diet
benefits
health
greatly.＝
There's
no
doubt
that
health
benefits
greatly
from
a
good
diet.＝There's
no
doubt
that
a
good
diet
is
of
great
benefit
to
health.＝
There's
no
doubt
that
a
good
diet
is
very
beneficial
(benefit)
to
health.
毫无疑问，良好的饮食有益于健康。
③As
we
know，books
are
the
source
of
knowledge，from
which
I
benefit
a
lot.
我们都知道书是知识的源泉，我从中获益匪浅。
It
is
known
to
all
that
sunshine
is
beneficial
to
plants
but
not
all
know
how
it
benefits
them.
众所周知阳光对植物有益，但不是所有人都知道阳光是如何让它们受益的。
in
other
words
换句话说
(教材P2)In
other
words，there
are
not
many
people
like
me.
换句话说，像我这样的人并不多见。
in
a/one
word
总而言之
have
a
word
with
sb.
与某人说(私)话
have
words
with
sb.
与某人吵架
keep/break
one's
word
遵守诺言/失信
beyond
words
无法用言语表达
in
words
用语言
word
came
that...
有消息说……
①In
a/one
word，success
is
important，and
so
is
failure，because
it's
the
mother
of
success.
总之，成功很重要，失败也很重要，因为它是成功之母。
②Word
came
that
he
was
admitted
to
Beijing
University.消息传来说他被北京大学录取了。
[名师点津]
(1)与in
other
words意思相同的表达有：namely，that
is，that
is
to
say，in
another
word。
(2)word表示言辞、语言时通常用复数words；表示新闻、消息时是不可数名词。
He
is
such
a
man
that
he
can't
always
keep
his
word，in
other
words，he
always
breaks
his
word，because
of
which
his
friends
often
have
words
with
him.
他是这样的一个人，总是不能遵守诺言。换句话说，他总是食言，正是因为如此，他的朋友们经常和他吵架。
adapt
vt.使适应；改编
(教材P2)Unfortunately，the
doctors
don't
know
how
to
make
me
better，but
I
am
very
outgoing
and
have
learned
to
adapt
to
my
disability.
不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。
(1)adapt
to
适合，适应
adapt
oneself
to
使自己适应
adapt...to...
使……适应……
adapt...for...
将……改编为……
adapt
sth.from
sth.
根据……改编
(2)adaptable
adj.
能适应的；可修改的
(3)adaptation
n.
改编本；适应
①Not
only
has
she
adapted
(herself)
to
the
fast
rhythm
of
city
life，but
she
is
becoming
more
and
more
outgoing.她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活，而且变得越来越开朗。
②After
graduation
from
college，I
gradually
adapted
myself
to
living
(live)
on
my
own.
大学毕业后，我逐渐适应了独立生活。
③This
new
film
is
said
to
be
adapted
from
a
novel
by
Jane
Austen.
据说这部新影片是根据简·奥斯汀的一本小说改编的。
④The
good
thing
about
children
is
that
they
are
adaptable
(adapt)
to
new
environments.
孩子们的一个很好的优势是他们很容易适应新的环境。
[名师点津]
adapt
(oneself)
to中的to为介词，其后跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
The
film
is
adapted
from
his
story.It
mainly
tells
us
his
quick
adaptation
to
the
new
environmet.But
in
fact，at
first
he
thought
he
couldn't
adapt
himself
to
the
changed
environment.
这部电影改编自他的故事。电影主要讲述了他对新环境的快速适应，但实际上，刚开始他认为自己无法适应变化的环境。
cut
out
切去；省略；停止(做某事)；删掉
(教材P2)I
think
I
had
at
least
a
billion
tests，including
one
in
which
they
cut
out
a
piece
of
muscle
from
my
leg
and
looked
at
it
under
a
microscope.
我想我做过无数次检查了，其中有一次检查，他们从我的腿部切下一小块儿肌肉，放在显微镜下观察。
写出下列句子中cut
out的含义
①You'd
better
not
cut
out
the
important
details.
删掉
②The
doctor
advised
me
to
cut
out
smoking
and
drinking.
停止(做某事)
③I
cut
out
a
good
article
from
a
newspaper
yesterday.
剪下，切去
cut
down
砍倒；削减
cut
in
插嘴；超车
cut
off
切断……供应；中断
cut
up
切碎
④The
town
was
cut
off
from
the
rest
of
the
world
due
to
heavy
snow.
因为大雪，这个镇子与外界隔绝了。
⑤My
uncle
hasn't
been
able
to
quit
smoking，but
at
least
he
has
cut
down．
我叔叔还没能戒烟，但是至少他已经在减少(吸烟)了。
out
of
breath上气不接下气
(教材P2)So
sometimes
some
children
in
my
primary
school
would
laugh,
when
I
got
out
of
breath
after
running
a
short
way
or
had
to
stop
and
rest
halfway
up
the
stairs.
当我跑很短的一段路之后，我就会喘不过气来，或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息。因此上小学时有的孩子见了我这种情况就会笑话我。
(1)hold
one's
breath
屏住呼吸
catch
one's
breath
屏气，歇一口气
take
a
deep
breath
深呼吸
lose
one's
breath
喘不过气来
(2)breathe
v.
呼吸
①When
he
hurried
to
the
railway
station，tired
and
out
of
breath，Mike
found
the
train
had
just
left.
当迈克累得上气不接下气地赶到火车站时，他发现火车刚开走。
②We
all
held
our
breath
while
Mr.Evans
announced
the
exam
results.
埃文斯先生宣布考试成绩时，我们都屏住呼吸。
③While
climbing
up
the
stairs，the
old
man
always
loses
his
breath.
那位老人上楼时，总是气喘吁吁的。
④Take
a
deep
breath
and
then
you
may
feel
relaxed.
深呼吸你会感到轻松。
absence
n．缺席；不在某处
(教材P2)Every
time
I
returned
after
an
absence，I
felt
stupid
because
I
was
behind
the
others.
每次我缺课之后，我就觉得自己很笨，因为我落后于别人了。
(1)absence
from...
缺席……；没参加……
during/in
one's
absence(＝in
the
absence
of
sb.)
当某人缺席/不在的时候
(2)absent
adj.
缺席的；不在的
be
absent
from
缺席；不在
①His
frequent
absence
from
school
is
all
because
of
his
illness.
他经常缺课都是因为他的病。
②Please
look
after
my
house
during
my
absence
(absent)．
我不在时，请帮我照看房子。
③Mr
White
has
been
absent
from
work
for
days，so
he
knows
nothing
about
our
plan.
怀特先生好几天没来上班了，因此他对我们的计划一无所知。
[图形助记]
Jackie
has
been
absent
from
school
for
two
days，and
we
want
to
find
out
the
reason
for
his
absence．
杰克两天没上学了，我们想弄明白他缺席的原因。
annoy
vt.使……不悦；惹恼
(教材P2)The
few
who
cannot
see
the
real
person
inside
my
body
do
not
make
me
annoyed，and
I
just
ignore
them.那些不能理解我内心世界的少数同学不会使我不高兴，我不会去理会他们。
(1)annoyed
adj.
感到生气的
be
annoyed
with
sb.
生某人的气
be
annoyed
at/about
(doing)
sth.
因为(做)某事而气恼
(2)annoying
adj.
令人生气的
annoyance
n.
烦恼
①Being
annoyed
with
others
easily
will
be
harmful
to
your
health，so
keep
a
good?tempered
character
all
the
time
please.
易发脾气对健康没有什么好处，所以请随时保持好脾气。
②He
was
annoyed
at/about
giving
(give)
in
so
easily.
他对自己如此容易屈服很生气。
③It
really
annoyed
us
that
we
made
the
same
mistake
last
time.＝What
is
really
annoying
(annoy)
is
that
we
made
the
same
mistake
last
time.
真让人恼火的是我们上次犯了同样的错。
[名师点津]
(1)表示情绪变化的一类动词，如annoy，delight，excite，surprise，shock等，都为及物动词，表示“某事令某人生气(高兴、兴奋、吃惊、震惊等)”。
(2)这类动词的?ed形式常用来指人的情绪反应，故它们作表语、定语和宾补时，被修饰的通常是人；而这类动词的?ing形式常用来指物的性质、特征，故它们作表语、定语和宾补时，被修饰的往往是物。
I
was
annoyed
at
those
annoying
things
because
my
mind
was
full
of
annoyances
and
those
things
were
annoying
me
all
the
time.
我因那些令人烦恼的事而生气，因为我的脑子里都是烦人之事，那些事情一直在困扰着我。
as
well
as
除了……之外；也；和；和……一样好
(教材P2)As
well
as
going
to
the
movies
and
football
matches
with
my
friends，I
spend
a
lot
of
time
with
my
pets.除了和我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛之外，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。
as
well
as连接两个词性、结构对等的成分，如对等名词、动词、代词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式等。
(1)as
well
as连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词根据其前面的名词或代词确定。
(2)as
well
as位于句首，相当于besides，in
addition
to，后接动词时，用动名词形式。
(3)as
well
as也可以表示同级比较，意思是“和……一样好”，well为副词。
①We
can
know
more
about
the
life
of
great
people
as
well
as
history
and
cultures
of
other
countries.
我们能够了解更多伟人的生活以及其他国家的历史和文化。
②As
well
as
being
(be)
a
photographer，she
is
a
talented
musician.
她不但是个摄影师而且还是个天才音乐家。
③He
plays
the
piano
as
well
as
a
professional
pianist.
他弹钢琴像专业的钢琴家一样好。
④His
wife，as
well
as
his
children，was
invited
(invite)
to
the
party
yesterday.
昨天，除了他的孩子们，他的妻子也被邀请参加这个聚会了。
[名师点津]
不能使用“A，B，as
well
as
C”结构，但可使用“A
as
well
as
B
and
C”或“A
and
B
as
well
as
C”结构。
conduct
n.
行为；品行
vt.指挥；管理；主持；实施；为人；表现；传导
(教材P3)Why
has
his
fellow
students'
conduct
changed
towards
Marty?
为什么马蒂的同学对他的行为改变了？
写出下列句子中conduct的词性及含义
①We
are
conducting
a
survey
of
consumers'
attitudes
towards
organic
food.
vt.实施；进行
②Non?metals
such
as
wood，glass
and
plastic
cannot
conduct
heat
easily.
vt.传导(电、热)
③The
orchestra
is
conducted
by
John
Williams.
vt.指挥
④I'm
glad
that
you
conduct
yourself
honestly
next
time.
vt.为人；表现
⑤The
sport
has
a
strict
code
of
conduct.
n.行为
(1)under
the
conduct
of...
在……管理/指导下
(2)conduct
sb.to...
引领某人去……
conduct
sb.in/out
带领某人进/出
conduct
oneself
well/badly
举止端庄/行为恶劣
⑥Under
the
conduct
of
his
father，their
business
was
very
successful.
在他父亲的指导下，他们的事业相当成功。
⑦He
conducted
the
audience
to
their
seats.
他带领观众到他们的座位上。
⑧He
conducted
himself
(him)
far
better
than
expected.
他表现得比预料的要好得多。
(教材P2)Sometimes，too，I
was
too
weak
to
go
to
school
so
my
education
suffered.有时，我的身体很虚弱，以至于不能去上学，因此我的教育受到了影响。
【要点提炼】 too...to...意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定含义。
(1)too＋adj.(情感、心情或倾向等表示主语态度的词，常见的有anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing，etc.)
to
do
sth.(表示肯定意义)
非常/很……干某事
(2)not/never
too...to
do
sth.
并不太……做某事
(3)only
too...to
do
sth.
非常……做某事
(4)can't/can
never...to...
再……也不过分
①She
was
too
excited
to
say
a
word
when
she
heard
the
news.＝She
was
so
excited
that
she
couldn't
say
a
word
when
she
heard
the
news.
当她听到这则消息时激动得说不出话来。
②Never
too
old
to
learn.
活到老，学到老。
③He
is
too
ready
to
help
(help)
others.
他总是乐于助人。
④You
can't
be
too
careful
to
do
your
homework.
你做家庭作业时怎样仔细也不过分。
(教材P2)I
have
a
very
busy
life
with
no
time
to
sit
around
feeling
sorry
for
myself．
我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
【要点提炼】 feeling
sorry
for
myself为现在分词短语，在句中作状语，表示伴随的情况。
现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示伴随情况，所表示的动作与谓语同时发生，且与句子的主语是主动关系。另外，现在分词在句中还可作时间、原因、伴随、结果状语。
①Gathering
around
the
fire，the
tourists
danced
with
the
local
people.
那些旅行者们聚在篝火周围和当地人一起跳舞。
②She
lay
in
bed
staring
(stare)
at
the
last
leaf
on
the
tree.
她躺在床上，眼睛盯着那棵树上最后一片叶子。
③The
poor
old
man
died，leaving
(leave)
nothing
to
his
children.
那位可怜的老人去世了，什么也没给他的孩子们留下。
(教材P3)Just
accept
them
for
who
they
are，and
give
them
encouragement
to
live
as
rich
and
full
a
life
as
you
do.
接受他们，给予他们鼓励，让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。
【要点提炼】
as
rich
and
full
a
life
as为“as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as”结构，表示“像……一样的……”。
(1)as...as结构用来说明前后两者在某方面相同。这种结构与形容词和名词单数连用时，形容词要放在冠词之前，构成“as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as”结构。
(2)当as...as中间有名词时采用以下格式：
as＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词＋as
as＋many/much＋名词＋as
(3)在否定句中可用so...as...替换。
①Tom
is
as
friendly
a
boy
as
the
one
you
just
mentioned.
汤姆就是一个像你刚才提到的一样友好的男孩。
②It
is
generally
believed
that
teaching
is
as
much
an
art
as
it
is
a
science.
人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
③I
have
never
met
so
funny
a
man
as
he
is.
我从未遇到过像他一样滑稽的人。
1．(教材P2)I
think
I
had
at
least
a
billion
tests，including
one
in
which
they
cut
out
a
piece
of
muscle
from
my
leg
and
looked
at
it
under
a
microscope.
【分析】 句中I
think后跟一个省略了引导词that的宾语从句。in
which引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词one(指代test)。
【翻译】 我想我做过无数次检查了，其中有一次检查，他们从我的腿部切下一小块儿肌肉，放在显微镜下观察。
2．(教材P2)My
ambition
is
to
work
for
a
firm
that
develops
computer
software
when
I
grow
up.
【分析】 句中动词不定式短语to
work
for
a
firm作表语；that
develops
computer
software为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a
firm，that在从句中作主语；when引导的是一个时间状语从句。
【翻译】 我的志向是长大后为一家开发电脑软件的公司工作。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The
boy
promised
to
his
teacher，“As
to
the
lessons
to
be
missed
during
my
absence
(absent)，I'll
try
to
make
them
up
as
soon
as
I
get
back
from
leave.”
2．With
the
support
and
encouragement
(encourage)
from
their
parents，the
students
made
great
progress.
3．The
concert
yesterday
was
conducted(conduct)
by
a
young
man.
4．His
ambition
(ambitious)
to
become
a
pilot
was
held
back
by
her
poor
eyesight.
5．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解D篇)Bacteria
are
an
annoying
(annoy)
problem
for
astronauts.
6．The
fall
in
prices
will
be
beneficial
(benefit)
to
small
businesses.
7．The
young
man
isn't
suitable
to
do
(do)
the
job，because
he
has
no
patience.
8．As
far
as
I
know，the
TV
play
is
adapted
(adapt)
from
a
true
story.
9．I
as
well
as
my
parents
am
(be)
going
to
see
the
film
this
Saturday.
10．The
boss
asked
him
to
leave.In
other
words
(word)，he
was
fired.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我的咖啡热得没法喝。
My
coffee
is
too
hot
to
drink．(too)
2．最近的研究表明，适当饮酒对健康有好处。
Recent
studies
show
that
alcohol
taken
in
moderation
can
be
beneficial
to
health．(beneficial)
3．这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。
The
young
man
hopes
to
live
as
simple
a
life
as
his
grandpa.(as)
4．我们的班长和几位同学已去过北京了。
Our
monitor
as
well
as
some
of
our
class
mates
has
been
to
Beijing．
5．晚一点工作对我来说正合适。
It
is
suitable
for
me
to
start
work
at
a
later
time.(suit)
PAGEUnit
1
Living
well
动词不定式
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
1.Unfortunately，the
doctors
don't
know
how
to
make
me
better，but
I
am
very
outgoing
and
have
learned
to
adapt
to
my
disability.2.Even
after
all
that，no
one
could
give
my
disease
a
name
and
it
is
difficult
to
know
what
the
future
holds.3.I
am
happy
to
have
found
many
things
I
can
do，like
writing
and
computer
programming.4.My
ambition
is
to
work
for
a
firm
that
develops
computer
software
when
I
grow
up.5.I
have
a
very
busy
life
with
no
time
to
sit
around
feeling
sorry
for
myself.
1.例句1中的how
to
make为“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，作动词know的宾语；to
adapt为动词不定式的一般式，作动词learn的宾语。2.例句2中的不定式to
know为真正的主语，前面的it为形式主语。3.例句3中的to
have
found为不定式的完成式，作状语。4.例句4中的不定式to
work作表语。5.例句5中的不定式to
sit
around作定语，不定式作定语位于所修饰的词之后。
动词不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成。这里的to是不定式标志，没有词义。不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能，又有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。
一、动词不定式的形式
形式
主动语态
被动语态
意义
一般式
to
do
to
be
done
表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后
完成式
to
have
done
to
have
been
done
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前
进行式
to
be
doing
表示谓语动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行
I
plan
to
attend
the
meeting
to
be
held
tomorrow.
我打算参加明天举行的会议。(attend的动作在plan之后发生，且meeting与hold为被动关系)
They
are
said
to
be
studying
psychology.
据说他们正研究心理学。(be
said与study同时发生)
I'm
very
sorry
to
have
kept
you
sitting
around
doing
nothing.
让你一直无所事事闲坐着我很抱歉。(keep发生在be
sorry之前)
No
harm
seems
to
have
been
done.
似乎并没有什么危害发生。(do发生在seem之前，且harm与do之间是被动关系)
[名师点津]
(1)动词不定式的否定式
在不定式符号to前加not；不带to的不定式则在动词前加not。
Zhang
Ming
asked
me
not
to
stay
at
home
all
day.
张明要我不要整天待在家里。
My
mother
let
me
not
do
it
by
myself.
妈妈让我不要独自做这件事。
(2)“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
疑问词“what，how，when，where，which＋动词不定式”结构可作主语、表语和宾语等。
He
didn't
know
what
to
ask.(宾语)
他不知道该问些什么。
My
question
is
when
to
start.(表语)
我的问题是何时开始。
[即时训练1] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①They
seem
to
have
known(know)
each
other
for
a
long
time.
②They
pretended
to
be
working(work)
hard
when
the
teacher
came
in.
③I
wanted
the
letter
to
be
typed(type)
at
once.
二、不定式的句法功能
动词不定式在句中不能独立作谓语，但可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。
1．作主语
To
talk
with
him
is
a
great
pleasure.
和他谈话是一件非常愉快的事。
[名师点津]
(1)为了避免头重脚轻，在许多情况下，通常都将作主语的不定式置于句子后部，用it作形式主语，放在句首。
(2)若要说明不定式的动作的执行者，可以在不定式前面加上“for/of＋n./pron.”结构。当形容词表达事物的特征时用for
sb.；当形容词表达人所具有的特征或品质时用of
sb.，这样的形容词有careful，cruel，foolish，brave，good，honest，kind，rude，polite，nice，stupid，wise，wrong等。
It's
very
important
for
you
to
remember
this.
对你来说记住这一点很重要。
It's
very
kind
of
you
to
help
me.
你能帮我真是太好了。
2．作表语
不定式作表语主要有三种情况，一是用于seem，appear，prove，turn
out等连系动词之后的不定式(尤其是to
be)；二是像My
job
is
to
sweep
the
floor(我的工作就是擦地板)这样的主语与表语“等价”的情形；三是表示想法、约定、义务、命令、可能性、命运等。
He
seems
to
be
ill.
他似乎有病。
Her
wish
is
to
be
a
teacher.
她的愿望就是当一名教师。
We
are
to
meet
at
the
station
at
three.
我们约定3点钟在车站见面。(表约定)
3．作宾语
常接不定式而不接动名词作宾语的动词及短语有：
“决心学会想希望”：decide/determine，learn，want，hope/wish/expect/long
“设法假装在拒绝”：manage，pretend，refuse
“主动答应选计划”：offer，promise，choose，plan
“同意请求帮一帮”：agree，ask/beg，help
外加
afford，fail，would
like/love，threaten。
I
can't
afford
to
buy
a
car.我买不起汽车。
I
like
swimming，but
I
don't
like
to
swim
this
afternoon.
我喜欢游泳，但我今天下午不想游泳。
[名师点津]
不定式作宾语后跟宾语补足语时，常把不定式后移而用形式宾语
it
代替，常见句式：think/believe/consider/find/feel，etc.＋it＋adj./n.＋不定式。
I
think
it
necessary
to
send
for
an
expert.
我认为请位专家来是有必要的。
4．作宾语补足语
通常可带不定式作宾语补足语的动词：advise，allow，ask，bear，beg，cause，command，encourage，expect，forbid，force，get，hate，help，intend，invite，leave，like，mean，need，oblige，order，permit，persuade，prefer，request，remind，teach，tell，trouble，want，warn，wish等。
What
caused
him
to
change
his
mind?
是什么使他改变主意的？
He
didn't
allow
the
students
to
go
there.
他不允许学生们去那儿。
5．作定语
I
have
a
question
to
ask
you.
我有一个问题要问你。
He
is
not
a
man
to
tell
a
lie.
他不是个说谎的人。
[名师点津]
不定式与被修饰的词有动宾关系，且句中有该不定式的逻辑主语时，该不定式用主动形式表被动意义。如果这个不定式是不及物动词，其后应有相应的介词。
The
Browns
have
a
comfortable
house
to
live
in.
布朗一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。
6．作状语
(1)动词不定式可以用作目的状语。注意其他非谓语动词形式不能用作目的状语。
To
succeed，one
must
first
of
all
believe
in
himself.
要想成功，首先必须相信自己。
(2)only
to
do
sth.为不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。
We
hurried
to
the
station，only
to
be
told
that
the
train
had
left.
我们急匆匆赶到车站，结果被告知火车已开走了。
(3)形容词或过去分词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语。常见词有：happy，lucky，glad，sorry，anxious，proud，disappointed，angry，surprised，ready，delighted，clever，foolish，pleased，fortunate，right等。
You
will
never
know
how
happy
I
was
to
see
her
yesterday.
你永远不会知道昨天看到她时，我是多么高兴。
(4)在“主语＋系动词＋表语(形容词)
＋to
do”结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中常用的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，important，impossible，interesting，pleasant，nice，comfortable，safe，dangerous等。
The
box
is
not
easy
to
carry.
这个箱子不易携带。
7．动词不定式与疑问词who，which，when，where，how，what等连用，在句中起名词的作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。
How
to
solve
the
problem
is
very
important.
如何解决那个问题很重要。(作主语)
[即时训练2] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①It
took
years
of
work
to
reduce
(reduce)
the
industrial
pollution
and
clean
the
water.
②I
heard
a
passenger
behind
me
shouting
to
the
driver，but
he
refused
to
stop
(stop)
until
we
reached
the
next
stop.
③He
is
thought
to
have
acted
(act)
foolishly.Now
he
has
no
one
but
himself
to
blame
for
losing
the
job.
三、省略to的情况
1．在某些使役动词或感官动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式，常不带to；如果这些动词用于被动结构，其后的to就必须补上。这类词可以用以下口诀助记：
一感：feel 二听：listen
to，hear 三让：make，have，let
五看：see，watch，observe，look
at，notice。
I
often
hear
him
sing
the
song.
我经常听见他唱那首歌。
He
is
often
heard
to
sing
the
song.
他经常被人听见唱那首歌。
2．在以why引导的疑问句中，表示建议，不定式不带to。
Why
congratulate
her?
为什么要祝贺她呢？
Why
not
conduct
the
interview
right
now?
为什么不马上主持面试呢？
3．在cannot
but，cannot
choose
but，cannot
help
but之后的动词不定式不带to。
I
cannot
but
admire
his
courage.
我只有佩服他的勇气。
4．动词不定式在but，except，besides后面时，如果这些词之前有行为动词do，那么，这些词后的动词不定式不带to，否则要带to。
She
could
do
nothing
but
cry.
她除了哭，不能做任何事。
I
have
no
choice
but
to
work
for
the
firm.
除了为这家公司工作，我别无选择。
What
do
you
like
to
do
besides
swim?
除了游泳，你还喜欢做什么？
5．为了避免重复，动词不定式可省去to。
I'm
really
puzzled
about
what
to
think
or
say.
想什么，说什么，我确实困惑了。
[名师点津]
在expect，hope，wish，mean，prefer，forget，want，try以及be
glad，be
happy，would
like，should
love，would
love等后面，常用to来代替前面的不定式，以避免重复。
I
haven't
conducted
a
performance
but
I
wish
to.
我没有主持过演出，但是我希望。
[即时训练3] 用所给动词的适当形式填空
①I
had
nothing
to
do
but
wait
(wait)
outside
of
the
gate.
②Why
not
turn
(turn)
off
the
gas
at
once?
③They
couldn't
choose
but
stay
(stay)
there.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
heard
him
playing(play)
the
violin
in
the
next
room
just
now.
2．Tom
worked
hard，only
to
fail
(fail)
again
at
last.
3．The
question
is
very
difficult
to
answer
(answer)．
4．The
boy
was
seen
to
fall
(fall)
suddenly
from
the
tree.
5．He
pretended
to
be
reading
(read)
the
text
when
I
came
in.
6．It
is
an
honor
for
me
to
be
invited
(invite)
to
attend
the
meeting.
7．The
goal
of
this
activity
is
to
meet
(meet)
the
needs
of
common
people.
8．The
engine
just
won't
start.Something
seems
to
have
gone
(go)
wrong
with
it.
9．Jack
was
in
low
spirits
those
days
and
his
friends
did
all
they
could
to
cheer
(cheer)
him
up.
10．Martin
showed
no
anxiety
about
the
competition.He
seemed
to
have
prepared
(prepare)
for
it
pretty
well.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．It
seems
that
he
is
eating
something.(变为简单句)
→He
seems
to
be
eating
something.
2．To
study
two
languages
is
very
hard.(用it作形式主语)
→It's
very
hard
to
study
two
languages.
3．The
boss
made
them
work
the
whole
night.(变为被动语态)
→They
were
made
to
work
the
whole
night
by
the
boss.
4．He
wanted
to
shut
the
window.Tell
him
not
to
shut
the
window.(合并句子)
→He
wanted
to
shut
the
window
and
tell
him
not
to.
5．It
is
known
that
she
has
been
working
on
the
problem
for
many
years.(变为简单句)
→She
is
known
to
have
been
working
on
the
problem
for
many
years.
PAGEUnit
1
Living
well
(教师用书独具)
A
LETTER
TO
AN
ARCHITECT(建筑师)
Ms
L
Sanders
Chief
architect
Alice
Major
Cinema
Designs
64
Cambridge
Street
44
Hill
Street
Bankstown
Bankstown
24
September,
200
Dear
Ms
Sanders，
I
read
in
the
newspaper
today
that
you
are
to
be①
the
architect
for
the
new
Bankstown
cinema.
I
hope
you
will
not
mind
me
writing②
to
ask
if
you
have
thought
about
the
needs
of
disabled
customers.
In
particular
I
wonder
if
you
have
considered
the
following
things：
给建筑师的一封信
L·桑德斯女士
总建筑师
艾丽丝·梅杰
电影院设计
剑桥街64号
希尔街44号
班克斯敦
班克斯敦
9月24日，200
亲爱的桑德斯女士：
今天我从报上了解到，您将成为班克斯敦新电影院的建筑设计师。我希望你不会介意我写信询问你是否考虑到残疾人顾客的需要。我特别想知道你是否已考虑了下面的事情：
[助读讲解] ①“be＋不定式”此处表将来。②mind
sb.doing
sth.“介意某人做某事。”
1．Adequate(足够的)
access(通路)
for
wheelchairs.
It
would
be
handy(方便的)
to
have
lifts
to
all
parts
of
the
cinema．③
The
buttons
in
the
lifts
should
be
easy
for
a
person
in
a
wheelchair
to
reach,
and
the
doors
be
wide
enough
to
enter.
In
some
cinemas,
the
lifts
are
at
the
back
of
the
cinema
in
cold,
unattractive
places.
As
disabled
people
have
to
use
the
lifts,
this
makes
them
feel
they
are
not
as
important
as
other
customers.④
1.为乘坐轮椅的人进入(电影院)提供充分的便利。电影院的各个部分都设置电梯将会很方便。电梯里的按钮应当让坐轮椅的残疾人容易够到，门也应当足够宽以方便轮椅进入。在一些电影院里，电梯设在电影院后面寒冷不显眼的地方。
由于残疾人不得不使用电梯，这使他们感到他们不像其他顾客那样重要。
[助读讲解] ③It
would
be
handy
to
have...中，it为形式主语，动词不定式部分为真正主语。④此句为主从复合句，as引导原因状语从句，feel后为省略that的宾语从句。
2．Earphones(耳机)
for
people
who
have
trouble
hearing⑤.
It
would
help
to
fit⑥
sets
of
earphones
to
all
seats,
not
just
to
some
of
them.
This
would
allow
hearing?impaired
customers
to
enjoy
the
company⑦
of
their
hearing
friends
rather
than
having
to
sit
in
a
special
area.
2.给听力有障碍的人提供耳机。给所有座位都安装耳机将会大有益处，而不只是其中一些(座位)。这样可以使那些听力有缺陷的观众和他们听力正常的朋友坐在一起，而不是让他们坐在一个特定的区域。
[助读讲解] ⑤have
trouble(in)doing
sth.做某事有困难。⑥fit
此处意为“安装”。⑦company
n．[U]陪伴。
3．Raised⑧
seating.
People
who
are
short
cannot
always
see
the
screen.
So
I'd
like
to
suggest
that
the
seats
at
the
back
be
placed
higher
than
those
at
the
front
so
that
everyone
can
see
the
screen
easily⑨.
Perhaps
there
could
be
a
space
at
the
end
of
each
row(一排；一行)
for
people
in
wheelchairs
to
sit
next
to
their
friends.
3.抬高座位。身材矮小的人不是总能看见屏幕。所以我想建议电影院后排的座位应该比前排的高，以便使每个人都能容易地看到屏幕。也许在每一横排的末尾都可以有一个空间以便坐轮椅的人可以坐在他们朋友的旁边。
[助读讲解] ⑧raise
vt.抬高，提起。⑨本句为主从复合句，suggest后跟宾语从句，从句中又包含so
that引导的目的状语从句，句中those为代词，指代seats。
4．Toilets.
For
disabled
customers
it
would
be
more
convenient
to
place⑩
the
toilets
near
the
entrance
to
the
cinema.
It
can
be
difficult
if
the
only
disabled
toilet
is
in
the
basement(地下室)
a
long
way
from
where
the
film
is
showing?.
And
if
the
doors
could
be
opened
outwards,
disabled
customers
would
be
very
happy.
4.厕所。对于残疾人顾客来说，在影院的入口附近设置厕所将更加方便。如果唯一的残疾人厕所设在离放映大厅很远的地下室可能很麻烦。并且如果厕所门可以朝外开，残疾人顾客会非常高兴。
[助读讲解] ⑩place
vt.放置，安排。?where
the
film
is
showing
是where引导的宾语从句。
5．Car
parking.
Of
course,
there
are
usually
spaces
specially
reserved
for
disabled
and
elderly
drivers?.
If
they
are
close
to?
the
cinema
entrance
and/or
exit,
it
is
easier
for
disabled
people
to
get
to
the
film
in
comfort.
5.停车场。当然，通常有专门为残疾人司机和老年人司机保留的停车场。如果它们靠近电影院的入口和/或出口，对于残疾人来说舒适地到达电影院会更容易。
[助读讲解] ?此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰spaces，句中elderly意为“年纪大的”。?be
close
to靠近，离……近的。
Thank
you
for
reading
my
letter.
I
hope
my
suggestions
will
meet
with
your
approval.
Disabled
people
should
have
the
same
opportunities
as
able?bodied?
people
to
enjoy
the
cinema
and
to
do
so
with
dignity(尊严).
I
am
sure
many
people
will
praise
your
cinema
if
you
design
it
with
good
access
for
disabled
people.
It
will
also
make
the
cinema
owners
happy
if
more
people
go
as
they
will
make
higher
profits(利润)?！
Yours
sincerely，
Alice
Major
谢谢你阅读我的信。我希望我的建议会得到你的认同。残疾人应当与健全人一样有同样的机会欣赏电影，同时能保持自己的尊严。如果你设计的电影院能够为残疾人提供方便，我确信许多人会夸奖你的电影院。电影院的老板也会高兴，如果去的人多了他们会获得更高的利润！
你真诚的，
艾丽丝·梅杰
[助读讲解] ?able?bodied“身体健全的”。?if引导条件状语从句，as引导原因状语从句。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P8教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1
A．Earphones
are
necessary
beside
all
seats
for
hearing?impaired
people.
2．Para.2
B．Seats
can
be
raised
for
people
to
see
the
screen
easily.
3．Para.3
C．Lifts
should
be
offered
to
all
parts
of
the
cinema.
4．Para.4
D．The
purpose
of
writing
the
letter.
5．Para.5
E．Reasons
why
the
designer
should
take
the
disabled
into
consideration.
6．Para.6
F．Toilets
should
be
convenient
for
the
disabled
to
reach.
7．Para.7
G．Car
parking
spaces
are
important
especially
for
the
disabled
customers.
[答案] 1－7 DCABFGE
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P8教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Who
will
be
happy
if
the
cinema
is
designed
as
the
writer
suggests?
A．The
people
in
the
wheelchairs.
B．The
hearing?impaired
customers.
C．The
cinema
owners
and
the
disabled
people.
D．The
able?bodied
people.
2．How
many
things
did
Alice
Major
advise
the
architect
to
consider?
A．Two.
B．Three.
C．Four.
D．Five.
3．Which
of
the
following
is
closest
in
meaning
to
the
word
“dignity”
in
the
last
paragraph?
A．Self?respect.
B．Pride.
C．Politeness.
D．Good
manners.
4．The
writer
writes
this
letter
to
give
her
suggestions
about
designing
．
A．a
lift
in
a
cinema
B．a
cinema
C．a
parking
lot
D．an
entrance
to
a
cinema
5．Which
of
the
following
is
WRONG?
A．The
buttons
in
the
lift
should
be
easy
for
people
in
wheelchairs
to
reach.
B．There
should
be
earphones
beside
some
seats
in
a
special
area.
C．There
should
be
toilets
for
the
disabled
near
the
entrance
to
the
cinema.
D．Car
parking
spaces
for
disabled
and
elderly
drivers
should
be
close
to
the
entrance
or
exit.
[答案] 1－5 CDABB
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P8教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Alice
is
writing
to
ask
Ms
Sanders
1.to
consider(consider)
the
matter
of
easy
use
of
the
cinema
by
2.disabled(disable)
customers.Ms
Sanders
is
the
person
3.who/that
is
to
design
the
new
Bankstown
cinema.She
asks
Ms
Sanders
to
consider
the
access
4.to
the
cinema
for
people
in
wheelchairs
and
those
who
have
difficulty
5.walking(walk).
She
suggests
there
6.be(be)
earphones
beside
all
seats.What's
more，the
seats
at
7.the
back
of
the
cinema
should
be
placed
higher
than
the
8.ones(one)
at
the
front.There
should
be
9.toilets(toilet)
and
car
parking
spaces
10.specially(special)
for
the
disabled.If
so，it
will
be
much
easier
for
the
disabled
there.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1.The
governor
gave
approval
(批准)
to
the
project.
2．After
graduation，they
had
adequate(足够的)time
to
do
what
they
wanted.
3．The
general
resigned
(辞职)
his
commission
to
take
up
a
civilian
job.
4．You'd
better
not
go
with
John；he
is
not
a
good
companion
for
you.
5．We
congratulated
him
on
having
passed
the
examination.
6．When
the
old
man
fell
down，few
of
the
passengers
came
to
his
assistance．
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．graduate
v．毕业→
graduation
n．毕业；毕业典礼
2．congratulate
vt.祝贺；庆贺→congratulation
n．祝贺；贺词
3．assist
v．协助；援助→assistant
n．助手→assistance
n．协助；援助
4．access
n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性→accessible
adj.可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
5．approve
v．支持；赞成；同意→approval
n．赞成；认可→disapprove
v．不赞成
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．never
mind
不必担心
2．congratulate
sb.on
sth.
就某事向某人表示祝贺
3．have
access
to
可以到达/使用/得到(机会、权利等)
4．meet
with
遇到，经历，会晤
5．in
particular
尤其，特别
6．all
the
best
(祝你)一切顺利
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．I'd
just
like
to
wish
him
all
the
best
in
his
new
job.
2．I
hope
I
can
meet
with
my
old
friend
at
the
meeting.
3．You
can
congratulate
yourself
on
having
done
an
excellent
job.
4．There
are
still
some
children
who
don't
have
access
to
education
in
the
poor
areas.
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.The
buttons
in
the
lifts
should
be
easy
for
a
person
in
a
wheelchair
to
reach，and
the
doors
be
wide
enough
to
enter.电梯里的按钮应当让坐轮椅的残疾人容易够到，门也应当足够宽以方便轮椅进入。
句式“主语＋be＋adj.＋(for
sb.)＋to
do”，动词不定式用主动形式表被动意义
As
far
as
I'm
concerned，this
maths
problem
is
very
easy
for
me
to
work
out.就我个人而言，这道数学题我很容易算出来。
2.This
would
allow
hearing?impaired
customers
to
enjoy
the
company
of
their
hearing
friends
rather
than
having
to
sit
in
a
special
area.这样可以使那些听力有缺陷的观众和他们听力正常的朋友坐在一起，而不是让他们坐在一个特定的区域。
rather
than意为“而不是”，连接两个并列成分
Why
did
you
ask
for
help，rather
than
trying
to
do
it
on
your
own？你为什么要寻求别人帮助，而不是自己试着去做呢？
3.So
I'd
like
to
suggest
that
the
seats
at
the
back
be
placed
higher
than
those
at
the
front
so
that
everyone
can
see
the
screen
easily.所以我想建议电影院后排的座位应该比前排的高，以便使每个人都能容易地看到屏幕。
suggest
表示“建议”后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气“should＋do”形式，should可以省略。
To
master
Mandarin，I
strongly
suggest
you
(should)
practice
it
with
Chinese
people.为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你和中国人进行练习。
resign
v．辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)
(教材P5)Wilberforce
then
resigned
from
government
in
1825
and
died
in
1833...
威伯福斯1825年从政府辞职，1833年去世……
resign
one's
post/position
辞去职务
resign
...to...
把……托付给……
resign
from
从……辞职
①I
resign
my
son
to
your
care
while
I
am
away.
当我不在时，我委托你照顾我儿子。
②In
no
situation
shall
we
resign
ourselves
to
our
fate.
在任何情况下，我们都不能听天由命。
③She
resigned
from
the
committee
because
she
needed
to
take
care
of
her
disabled
husband.
因为要照顾残疾的丈夫，她辞去了委员会的职务。
congratulate
vt.祝贺；庆贺
(教材P7)Listen
to
the
latter
part
of
Barry's
story
where
Joan
congratulates
Barry
and
wishes
him
future
success...
听巴里故事的后面部分，在这部分里琼祝贺巴里并祝愿他未来成功……
(1)congratulate
sb.on/upon
(doing)
sth.
就(做)某事向某人表示祝贺
congratulate
oneself
(on
sth.)
(因某事)而自我庆幸
(2)congratulation
n.
祝贺(常用复数形式)
Congratulations!
(用以向某人祝贺)恭喜！祝贺！
congratulations
to
sb.on
sth.
为某事祝贺某人
①I
congratulated
them
all
on
their
achievements.
我为他们取得的成就向他们所有人表示祝贺。
②He
congratulates
himself
on
having
made
friends
with
a
sincere
man.
他暗自庆幸自己与一个真诚的人交朋友。
③The
authors
are
to
be
congratulated
on
producing
(produce)
such
a
clear
work.
向创作出这样一部清晰易懂的作品的作者们祝贺。
[明辨异同] congratulate/celebrate
congratulate
“祝贺，道贺”，一般用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on(upon)连接，构成congratulate
sb.on(upon)sth.。
celebrate
“庆祝，庆贺”，一般用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语，构成celebrate
sth.。
(congratulate/celebrate)
Their
son
was
admitted
to
Beijing
University.They
held
a
party
to
④celebrate
it.In
the
party，their
friends
⑤congratulated
them
on
their
son's
success.Some
who
didn't
come
telephoned
to
offer
their
⑥congratulations
to
them.
他们的儿子被北京大学录取了，他们举行了宴会来庆祝。在宴会上，他们的朋友祝贺他们的儿子取得了成功，一些没到场的人也打电话祝贺他们。
(教材P8)Adequate
access
for
wheelchairs.
为乘坐轮椅的人进入(电影院)提供充分的便利。
(1)adequate
adj.足够的；充分的；适当的；胜任的
(1)be
adequate
to
sth.
胜任……
be
adequate
for
sth.
足以……；……充足
be
adequate
to
do
sth.
足以做某事
(2)adequately
adv.
足够地；充分地
①In
actual
fact，her
knowledge
of
English
is
adequate
for
the
job.
事实上，她的英语知识足以胜任这份工作。
②The
result
of
the
experiment
is
adequate
to
prove
(prove)
his
findings
right.
实验的结果足以证明他的发现是正确的。
(2)access
n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性
(1)gain/get/have/obtain
access
to
可以到达/使用/得到(机会，权利等)
give
access
to
得以接近；准许进入
(2)accessible
adj.
可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
be
accessible
to
sb.
易被某人所接近/使用/进入等
③Students
in
our
school
have
access
to
good
information
resources.
我们学校的学生都有机会使用好的信息资源。
④Medicine
should
not
be
kept
where
it
is
accessible
(access)
to
children.
药品应放在孩子们够不着的地方。
[名师点津]
access的本意是进入某一地点的“通道，入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，其含义是抽象的，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权力等”，常与介词to连用。此外，access在计算机术语中可作“访问，进网”讲。
⑤The
access
to
success
is
to
make
good
use
of
the
access
to
education.
通向成功的方法是好好利用受教育的机会。
[语境助记]
The
database
should
be
made
more
accessible
so
that
more
people
have
access
to
it.
数据库应该更易被使用，这样更多的人就有机会使用它。
(教材P8)I
hope
my
suggestions
will
meet
with
your
approval.我希望我的建议会得到你的认可。
(1)meet
with
遇到；经历；会晤；做出……反应，符合
写出下列句子中meet
with的含义
①She
was
worried
that
he
might
have
met
with
a
car
accident.
遭遇或经历(常指不愉快的事)
②I
met
with
an
old
friend
of
mine
on
the
street.
偶遇(某人)
③He
met
with
the
Prime
Minister
of
Japan
for
an
hour.
会晤(某人)
meet
with
one's
approval
得到某人的赞许
meet
one's
wishes/demands/needs满足愿望/要求/需要
meet
up
with
偶然遇到……
④Her
plan
met
with
her
manager's
approval.
她的计划得到了经理的赞同。
⑤How
can
we
best
meet
the
needs
of
all
the
different
groups?
我们怎样才能最好地满足各组的需求呢？
⑥I
met
an
old
friend
by
chance
on
the
train.＝I
met
up
with
an
old
friend
on
the
train.＝
I
met
with
an
old
friend
on
the
train.
我在火车上偶然遇到了一个老朋友。
[名师点津]
meet
with指比较正式地接见、会晤某人；表示“遇到”时，强调偶然性，等于come
across，run
into，meet
...by
chance等。
(2)approval
n．赞成，认可，批准
(1)meet
with/earn
one's
approval
得到某人的赞许
give
one's
approval
to
sth.
批准/同意某事
(2)approve
vi.
赞成，同意
vt.
批准
approve
of
赞成，同意
(3)disapprove
vt.
不赞成，不同意
⑦Take
it
easy
and
you
are
sure
to
meet
with
your
parents'
approval.
别紧张，你一定会得到父母的认可的。
⑧I
got
annoyed
with
him
because
he
agreed
to
the
plan
without
my
approval
(approve)．
我很生他的气，因为他未经我批准就同意了那个计划。
⑨My
mother
didn't
approve
of
my
giving
up
my
current
job.
我妈妈不同意我放弃目前的工作。
[语境助记]
I
hope
you
will
approve
of
my
choice
because
your
approval
means
a
great
deal
to
me.
我希望你会赞成我的选择因为你的赞成对我来说意义很大。
(教材P8)This
would
allow
hearing?impaired
customers
to
enjoy
the
company
of
their
hearing
friends
rather
than
having
to
sit
in
a
special
area.
这样可以使那些听力有缺陷的观众和他们听力正常的朋友坐在一起，而不是让他们坐在一个特定的区域。
【要点提炼】 句中的rather
than意为“而非”，后面跟与前面相似或相同的结构。本句中rather
than前后结构相似，having...为动名词短语，the
company...为名词短语。
rather
than作连词，连接两个并列的成分，如名词、代词、形容词、介宾短语、不定式等，但要注意以下两点：
(1)连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数与前面的一个保持一致；
(2)连接并列的不定式时，其后的不定式符号to可省略，尤其是rather
than位于句首时。
①He
insisted
on
staying
at
home
rather
than
setting
off
for
Beijing.
他坚持留在家里而不出发去北京。
②I,
rather
than
you，am(be)
responsible
for
the
car
accident.
应对这起车祸负责任的是我，而不是你。
③She
seems
to
be
clever
rather
than
honest(honesty)．
与其说她诚实不如说她聪明。
(教材P8)So
I'd
like
to
suggest
that
the
seats
at
the
back
be
placed
higher
than
those
at
the
front
so
that
everyone
can
see
the
screen
easily.
所以我想建议影院后排的座位应该比前排的高，以便使每个人都能容易地看到屏幕。
【要点提炼】 suggest表示“建议”，后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气“should＋do”形式，should可以省略。
(1)suggest作“建议”讲，其中的宾语从句的谓语为“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。
(2)suggest作“说明；暗示”讲时，后面的宾语从句要用陈述语气。
(3)suggest
doing
sth.建议做某事
①I
suggested
to
him
that
we
(should)
handle(handle)
the
problem
at
once.
我向他建议我们应立刻处理这个问题。
②His
expression
suggested
that
he
knew
(know)
nothing
about
the
accident.
他的表情说明他对这起事故一无所知。
③I
suggest
doing
(do)
the
experiment
in
another
way.
我建议用另一种方法做这个实验。
单句语法填空
1．I
send
you
my
warmest
congratulations
(congratulate)
on
your
success.
2．The
system
is
adequate
to
deal
(deal)
with
any
problems.
3．They
won't
give
their
approval
(approve)
to
your
going
there.
4．He
has
met
with
some
unexpected
difficulties.
5．In
order
to
look
after
her
sick
mother，Mary
decided
to
resign
her
position
as
a
manager
in
the
company.
6．Tom
is
now
working
as
a
volunteer
in
a
remote
Indian
village
school，which
is
only
accessible
(access)
by
boat.
7．With
the
assistance
(assist)
of
his
colleagues，he
finished
his
work
on
time.
8．After
graduation
(graduate)，he
worked
as
a
voluntary
teacher
in
a
remote
area.
9．He
stood
out
in
terms
of
competence
from
all
his
companions
(companion)．
10．He
made
a
profit
of
fifty
thousand
dollars
on
the
sale
of
his
house.
PAGEUnit
1
Living
well
建议信
建议信是针对某事向收信人提出建议和忠告的一种文体。其目的是要使对方接受自己的想法、主张，解决有关问题。因此建议性书信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、理由充分、具有说服力。
正文是建议信的主体部分，其结构如下：
1．首段
表明写作意图。陈述事由，简单介绍自己，注意语气。
2．主体
建议的内容。围绕对方的困惑、烦恼等问题，用科学委婉的语言提出自己的建议、方法。注意要充分考虑到对方的实际问题，表达时应选择得体的语言。切忌用语生硬呆板，泛泛而谈。
3．尾段
简单地提出希望。希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助。
1．建议信开头常用的句式
①I'm
writing
to
express
my
views
concerning...
②Thanks
for
trusting
me.
③I
would
like
to
suggest
that...
④You
have
asked
me
for
my
advice
with
regard
to...，and
I
will
try
to
make
some
suggestions...
2．表达建议常用的句式
①I
feel
that
it
would
be
helpful
if...
②If
I
were
you，I
would...
③As
far
as
I'm
concerned...
④In
my
opinion...
⑤As
for
me...
3．建议信结尾常用的句式
①I
hope
you
will
find
these
proposals/suggestions/recommendations
practical/useful/helpful.
②I
hope
you
will
take
my
advice
into
account.
③I
would
be
more
than
happy
to
see
improvements
in
this
regard.
假设你是李华，你市将建一个大型图书馆，考虑到残疾人的需要，请你给负责该项目的总工程师写一封100词左右的信，提出一些合理化建议。要点如下：
1．入口处应建轮椅坡道，馆内应设残疾人专用通道和卫生间；
2．阅览室应设在一楼，并配备盲人专用软件；
3．书架高度的设计应考虑到坐轮椅的残疾人。
参考词汇：坡道
ramp
体裁
建议信
时态
以一般现在时为主
主题
一些合理化建议
人称
以第一人称为主
结构
第一段：表明写作意图第二段：提出自己的建议第三段：表达希望
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1．architect
n．
建筑师
2．software
n.
软件
3．wheelchair
n.
轮椅
4．disabled
people/the
disabled
残疾人
5．have
access
to
有机会使用
6．be
suitable
for
对……适合
7．as
well
as
和；也
8．adapt
to
适合
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
(一)
完成句子
1．我听说你将成为我们城市新图书馆的建筑师。
I
have
heard
that
you
are
to
be
the
architect
for
the
new
library
in
our
city.
2．我考虑到残疾人的需要，我想提出一些建议。
I
consider
the
needs
of
disabled
people，and
I
would
like
to
offer
several
suggestions.
3．首先，我建议在图书馆的入口处设计一个适合轮椅的坡道。
First，I
suggest
a
ramp
that
is
suitable
for
wheelchairs
be
designed
at
the
entrance
to
the
library.
4．建造一些残疾人适合使用的特殊通道以及厕所。
Special
passages
as
well
as
toilets
that
the
disabled
adapt
to
should
be
built.
5．他们可以很容易地使用它们。
They
can
use
them
easily．
6．所有的电脑都应该配备专门的盲人软件。
All
the
computers
should
be
equipped
with
special
software
for
the
blind．
7．这样，他们就可以自由地使用这些书籍。
Thus，they
can
have
access
to
the
books
freely.
(二)
句式升级
8．用现在分词作状语改写句2
Considering
the
needs
of
disabled
people，I
would
like
to
offer
several
suggestions.
9．用and和so
that...合并句3、4、5
First，I
suggest
a
ramp
that
is
suitable
for
wheelchairs
be
designed
at
the
entrance
to
the
library，and
special
passages
as
well
as
toilets
that
the
disabled
adapt
to
should
be
built
so
that
they
can
use
them
easily.
【参考范文】
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
I
have
heard
that
you
are
to
be
the
architect
for
the
new
library
in
our
city.Considering
the
needs
of
disabled
people，I
would
like
to
offer
several
suggestions.
First，I
suggest
a
ramp
that
is
suitable
for
wheelchairs
be
designed
at
the
entrance
to
the
library，and
special
passages
as
well
as
toilets
that
the
disabled
adapt
to
should
be
built
so
that
they
can
use
them
easily.Besides，reading
rooms
should
be
on
the
first
floor.What's
more，all
the
computers
should
be
equipped
with
special
software
for
the
blind.In
addition，book
shelves
should
be
designed
to
be
reached
by
people
in
wheelchairs.Thus，they
can
have
access
to
the
books
freely.
I
hope
you
will
find
these
suggestions
practical.
Yours
faithfully，
Li
Hua
PAGEUnit
1
Living
well
【导读】 《谁动了我的奶酪？》是一个有趣且能启蒙智慧的寓言故事，描绘了四个住在“迷宫”里的人物，他们竭尽所能地在寻找能滋养他们身心、使他们快乐的“奶酪”的过程。阅读下面的节选，认真体会“变是唯一的不变”这一生活真谛。
Who
Moved
My
Cheese？(excerpt)
The
Story
of
WHO
MOVED
MY
CHEESE?
Once，long
ago
in
a
land
far
away，there
lived
four
little
characters
who
ran
through
a
maze
looking
for
cheese
to
nourish
them
and
make
them
happy.
Two
were
mice
named
“Sniff”
and
“Scurry”
and
two
were
little
people—beings
who
were
as
small
as
mice
but
who
looked
and
acted
a
lot
like
people
today.Their
names
were
“Hem”
and
“Haw.”
Due
to
their
small
size，it
would
be
easy
not
to
notice
what
the
four
of
them
were
doing.But
if
you
looked
closely
enough，you
could
discover
the
most
amazing
things!
Everyday
the
mice
and
the
little
people
spent
time
in
the
maze
looking
for
their
own
special
cheese.The
mice，Sniff
and
Scurry，possessing
only
simple
rodent
brains，but
good
instincts，searching
for
the
hard
nibbling
cheese
they
like，as
mice
often
do.
The
two
little
people，Hem
and
Haw，used
their
brains，filled
with
many
beliefs，to
search
for
a
very
different
kind
of
cheese—with
a
Capital
C—which
they
believed
would
make
them
feel
happy
and
successful.
As
different
as
the
mice
and
little
people
were，they
shared
something
in
common；every
morning，they
each
put
on
their
jogging
suits
and
running
shoes，left
their
little
homes，and
raced
out
into
the
maze
looking
for
their
favorite
cheese.
The
maze
was
a
labyrinth
of
corridors
and
chambers，some
containing
delicious
cheese.But
there
were
also
dark
corners
and
blind
alleys
leading
nowhere.It
was
an
easy
place
for
anyone
to
get
lost.
However，for
those
who
found
their
way，the
maze
held
secrets
that
let
them
enjoy
a
better
life.
The
mice，Sniff
and
Scurry，used
the
simple，but
inefficient，trial?and?error
method
of
finding
cheese.They
ran
down
one
corridor
and
if
it
proved
empty，they
turned
and
ran
down
another.
Sniff
would
smell
out
the
general
direction
of
the
cheese，using
his
great
nose，and
Scurry
would
race
ahead.They
got
lost，as
you
might
expect，went
off
in
the
wrong
direction
and
often
bumped
into
walls.
However，the
two
little
people，Hem
and
Haw，used
a
different
method
that
relied
on
their
ability
to
think
and
learn
from
their
past
experiences.
Eventually
in
their
own
way，they
all
discovered
what
they
were
looking
for—they
each
found
their
own
kind
of
cheese
one
day
at
the
end
of
one
of
the
corridors
in
Cheese
Station
C.
Every
morning
after
that，the
mice
and
the
little
people
dressed
in
their
running
gear
and
headed
over
to
Cheese
Station
C．It
wasn't
long
before
they
each
established
their
own
routine.
Sniff
and
Scurry
continued
to
wake
early
every
day
and
race
through
the
maze，always
following
the
same
route.
When
they
arrived
at
their
destination，the
mice
took
off
their
running
shoes，tied
them
together
and
hung
them
around
their
necks—so
they
could
get
to
them
quickly
whenever
they
needed
them
again.Then
they
enjoyed
the
cheese.
In
the
beginning
Hem
and
Haw
also
raced
toward
Cheese
Station
C
every
morning
to
enjoy
the
tasty
new
morsels
that
awaited
them.
But
after
a
while，a
different
routine
set
in
for
the
little
people.
Hem
and
Haw
awoke
each
day
a
little
later，dressed
a
little
slower，and
walked
to
Cheese
Station
C．After
all，they
knew
where
the
Cheese
was
now
and
how
to
get
there.
They
had
no
idea
where
the
Cheese
came
from，or
who
put
it
there.
“This
is
great，”
Hem
said.“There's
enough
Cheese
here
to
last
us
forever.”
The
little
people
felt
happy
and
successful，and
thought
they
were
now
secure.
It
wasn't
long
before
Hem
and
Haw
regarded
the
Cheese
they
found
at
Cheese
Station
C
as
their
cheese.It
was
such
a
large
store
of
Cheese
that
they
eventually
moved
their
homes
to
be
closer
to
it，and
built
a
social
life
around
it.
To
make
themselves
feel
more
at
home，Hem
and
Haw
decorated
the
walls
sayings
and
even
drew
pictures
of
Cheese
around
them
which
made
them
smile.
Sometimes
Hem
and
Haw
would
take
their
friends
by
to
see
their
pile
of
Cheese
at
Cheese
Station
C，and
point
to
it
with
pride，saying
“Pretty
nice
Cheese，huh？”
Sometimes
they
shared
it
with
their
friends
and
sometimes
they
didn't.
“We
deserve
this
Cheese，”
Hem
said.“We
certainly
had
to
work
long
and
hard
enough
to
find
it.”
He
picked
up
a
nice
fresh
piece
and
ate
it.
Afterwards，Hem
fell
asleep，as
he
often
did.
This
went
on
for
quite
some
time.
《谁动了我的奶酪？》(节选)
“谁动了我的奶酪？”的故事
从前，在一个遥远的地方，住着四个小家伙。为了填饱肚子和享受乐趣，他们每天在迷宫里跑来跑去，在那里寻找奶酪。
有两个小家伙是老鼠，一个叫“嗅嗅”，另一个叫“匆匆”。另外两个家伙则是小矮人，和老鼠一般大小，但和人一个模样，而且他们的行为也和我们今天的人类差不多。他俩的名字，一个叫“哼哼”，另一个叫“唧唧”。
由于他们四个实在太小了，他们在干什么当然不太会引起旁人的注意。但如果你凑近去仔细观察，你会发现许多令人惊奇不已的事情！
两个老鼠和两个小矮人每天都在迷宫中度过，在其中寻找他们各自喜欢的奶酪。嗅嗅、匆匆的大脑和其他啮齿类动物的差不多一样简单，但他们有很好的直觉。和别的老鼠一样，他们喜欢的是那种适合啃咬的、硬一点的奶酪。
而那两个小矮人，哼哼和唧唧，则靠脑袋行事，他们的脑袋里装满了各种信念。他们要找的是一种带字母“C”的奶酪。他们相信，这样的奶酪会给他们带来幸福，使他们成功。
尽管小老鼠和小矮人的目标各不相同，但他们做的事情是差不多的。每天早上，他们会各自穿上运动服和慢跑鞋，离开他们的小房子，跑进迷宫寻找他们各自钟爱的奶酪。
迷宫中有许多曲折的走廊和好像蜂窝似的房间，其中的一些房间里藏着美味的奶酪，但更多的地方则是黑暗的角落和隐蔽的死胡同，任何人走进去都很容易迷路。
同时，这座迷宫还有一种神奇的力量，对那些找到出路的人，它能使他们享受到美好的生活。
两个老鼠，嗅嗅和匆匆，总是运用简单低效的反复尝试的办法找奶酪。他们跑进一条走廊，如果走廊里的房间都是空的，他们就返回来，再去另一条走廊搜寻。
嗅嗅可以用他那了不起的鼻子嗅出奶酪的大致方向，匆匆则跑在前面开路。然而迷宫太大太复杂，如你所料，他们经常会迷路，离开正道走错了方向，有时甚至还会撞到墙上。
而两个小矮人，哼哼和唧唧，则运用他们思考的能力，从过去的经验中学习。他们搞出了一套不同的寻找奶酪的方法。
这四个家伙以他们各自的方式不懈地追寻着他们想要得到的东西。最后，终于有一天，在某个走廊的尽头，在奶酪C站，他们都找到了自己想要的奶酪。
从那以后，这四个家伙，小老鼠和小矮人，每天早上穿上他们的跑步装备后便毫不犹豫地直奔奶酪C站。不久，他们都建立了熟悉的路线，并形成了各自的生活习惯。
嗅嗅和匆匆仍旧每天都起得很早，然后沿着相同的路线跑进迷宫中。
当老鼠们到达目的地后，他们脱下自己的跑鞋，有条不紊地将两只鞋系在一起，挂在脖子上——以便需要的时候能够很快穿上。然后，他们才开始尽情地享用奶酪。
在刚开始的一段时间里，哼哼和唧唧也是如此行事，每天早晨赶到奶酪C站，享用在那里等着他们的美味佳肴。
然而，不久以后，小矮人们改变了他们的常规。
哼哼和唧唧每天起得比老鼠们晚一些，懒懒地穿好运动服，然后信步走到奶酪C站。不管怎样，反正已经找到了奶酪。
他们从没想过，奶酪是从哪里来的，是谁把它们放在那里的。
“真是太好了！”哼哼说：“这里有这么多的奶酪，足够我们享用一辈子了。”小矮人们充满了幸福和成功的感觉，觉得从此可以无忧无虑了。
不久，哼哼和唧唧更理所当然地认定，他们在奶酪C站发现的奶酪就是“他们自己的”奶酪了。这里的奶酪库存是如此的丰富，于是他们决定把家搬到更靠近奶酪C站的地方，还在周围一带开展了他们的社交活动。
为了使这里有更像家的感觉，哼哼和唧唧把墙壁装饰了一通，还在墙上写了一些格言，并且精心地画上了一些非常可口的奶酪的图案。他们看着这些图画和格言，会心地笑了。
有时，他们会带朋友来参观他们在奶酪C站里成堆的奶酪，自豪地指着这些奶酪说：“多么美妙可口的奶酪呀，不是吗？”有时，他们还会与朋友们一起分享这些奶酪，而有时则单独享用。
“我们应该拥有这些奶酪，”哼哼说，“为了找到它们，我们可是付出了长期而艰苦的努力的，我们当然有资格拥有它们。”他一边说着一边拿起一块鲜美的奶酪放进嘴里。
然后，就像往常一样，哼哼便睡着了。
这样的境况维持了相当长的一段时间。
[知识积累]
1．maze
n．
迷宫
2．rodent
adj.
啮齿目的
3．nibble
v.
啃；咬
4．labyrinth
n.
曲径
5．chamber
n.
房间
6．morsel
n.
佳肴
[文化链接]
《谁动了我的奶酪？》之“奶酪”解读
故事中的“奶酪”是一种比喻，它可以被当成我们生命中最想得到的东西。它可能是一份工作、人际关系、金钱、财产、健康、心灵的宁静等。生活在这样一个快速、多变和危机的时代，每个人都可能面临着与过去完全不同的境遇，人们时常会感到自己的“奶酪”在变化。“如果不改变，就会被淘汰”，这又何尝不是生活的真谛呢？
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