Module
2
The
Renaissance
达·芬奇16世纪创作的不朽名画《蒙娜·丽莎》中的女子一直充满着神秘的色彩。前不久，法国一位艺术家提出了新的见解。现在让我们一起来看看是怎么回事吧！
Mona
Lisa，the
mysterious
woman
in
Leonardo
da
Vinci's
16th
century
masterpiece，had
just
given
birth
to
her
second
son
when
she
sat
for
the
painting，a
French
art
expert
said
on
Tuesday.The
discovery
was
made
by
a
team
of
Canadian
scientists
who
used
special
technology
to
peer
through
the
paint
layers
on
the
work，which
now
sits
in
the
Louvre
Museum
in
Paris.
One
of
the
researchers
said
that
on
very
close
examination
of
the
painting
it
became
clear
that
the
Mona
Lisa's
dress
was
covered
in
a
thin
transparent
gauze
veil.“This
type
of
dress
was
typical
of
the
kind
worn
in
early
16th
century
Italy
by
women
who
were
pregnant
or
who
had
just
given
birth.This
is
something
that
has
never
been
seen
up
to
now
because
the
painting
was
always
judged
to
be
dark
and
difficult
to
examine，”he
told
a
news
conference.
He
also
said
that，contrary
to
popular
belief，the
subject
had
not
let
her
hair
hang
freely
but
in
fact
wore
a
bonnet
from
which
only
a
few
curls
managed
to
escape.“People
always
wrote
that
Mona
Lisa
had
allowed
her
hair
to
hang
freely
over
her
shoulders.This
greatly
surprised
historians
because
letting
your
hair
hang
freely
during
the
Renaissance
was
typical
of
young
girls
and
women
of
poor
virtue，”he
said.
The
team
had
hoped
to
discover
more
details
about
Leonardo's
painting
technique，which
the
artist
used
to
create
a
hazy
effect.But
scientist
John
Taylor
said
the
team
had
been
frustrated
by
the
lack
of
brush
stroke
detail
on
the
painting.
[阅读障碍词]
1．peer
v．凝视；盯着看
2．gauze
n．薄纱
3．veil
n．面纱
4．bonnet
n．(带子系于下巴的)旧式女帽
5．curl
n．(一绺)卷发
6．hazy
adj.朦胧的
[诱思导读]
根据短文内容，回答下列问题
1．When
did
Mona
Lisa
sit
for
the
painting
according
to
the
passage?
After
she
had
just
given
birth
to
her
second
son.
2．What
was
the
popular
belief
about
the
painting
Mona
Lisa?
Mona
Lisa
had
allowed
her
hair
to
hang
freely
over
her
shoulders.
Section
Ⅰ Reading(Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary)
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.disturbing
A．adv.基本上，本质上，大致说来
( )2.subject
B．n.作品
( )3.dull
C．n.效果；作用
( )4.basically
D．adj.有技巧的，熟练的
( )5.work
E．adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的
( )6.effect
F．n.(绘画，摄影等的)主题
( )7.shade
G．adj.枯燥的；沉闷的
( )8.frontier
H．n.(图画等中的)阴影；阴暗部分
( )9.motivate
I．n.新领域
( )10.skilled
J．v.激发，激励
[答案] 1－5 EFGAB 6－10 CHIJD
Ⅱ.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思
A．第一次 B．与……形成对照 C．与……相比 D．总之；简言之 E．醒来；唤醒 F．手拉手；密切合作 G．也；不仅……而且 H．永远
1．Don't
let
it
play
on
your
mind，because
my
devotion
is
for
all
time.
2．I
have
to
wake
up
at
6
am
for
I
have
a
lot
of
things
to
do.
3．The
yellow
curtains
contrast
with
the
blue
bedcover.
4．I
met
him
at
the
cinema
for
the
first
time.
5．He
went
to
the
party
as
well
as
his
sister.
6．In
short，finishing
the
job
is
not
so
easy
as
you
may
think.
7．I
saw
them
walking
hand
in
hand
through
the
town
the
other
day.
8．Compared
with/to
cars，bicycles
have
many
advantages.
[答案] 1－5 HEBAG 6－8 DFC
The
Renaissance
For
many
people,
the
Renaissance
means
14th
to
16th
century
Italy,
and
the
developments
in
art
and
architecture,
music
and
literature
which
took
place
there
at
that
time①.But
there
is
one
work
which，perhaps
more
than
any
other,
expresses
the
spirit
of
the
Renaissance:
the
Mona
Lisa.It
is
believed
to
be②
the
best
example
of
a
new
lifelike
style
of
painting
that
amazed
people
when
it
was
first
used.Painted
by
Leonardo
da
Vinci
in
the
years
1503－1506③，
the
Mona
Lisa
is
a
mysterious
masterpiece.People
want
to
know
who
Mona
Lisa
is,
and
why
she
is
smiling④.Even
if
people
do
not
know
much
about
the
Renaissance⑤，
they
have
heard
of
this
painting.
文艺复兴
对于很多人来说，文艺复兴指的是14－16世纪时期的意大利，及其当时在艺术、建筑、音乐以及文学领域的发展。但有一件作品可能比其他的任何作品都更能表达文艺复兴的精神——《蒙娜·丽莎》。它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表，这种绘画风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。《蒙娜·丽莎》由莱奥纳多·达·芬奇于1503到1506年期间绘制而成，是一件神秘的杰作。人们想知道蒙娜·丽莎是谁，她又为什么在微笑。即使是对文艺复兴了解不多的人，他们也都听说过这幅作品。
[助读讲解] ①此处which
引导定语从句，修饰先行词developments。②It
is
believed
to
be
...“它被认为是……”，此处的it指代the
Mona
Lisa。③Painted
by
...是过去分词短语作状语。④此处and连接两个分别由who和why引导的宾语从句。⑤此处Even
if
引导让步状语从句。
But
the
Renaissance
is,
of
course,
more
than
just
Mona
Lisa.Renaissance
is
a
French
word
which
means
“rebirth”⑥
and
it
first
appeared
in
English
in
the
19th
century.The
word
was
used
to
describe
a
period
in
European
history
which
began
with
the
arrival
of
the
first
Europeans
in
America,
an
age
of
exploration,
and
the
beginning
of
the
modern
world.It
was
as
if
Europe
was
waking
up
after
the
long
sleep
of
the
Middle
Ages⑦.From
Italy,
the
ideas
of
the
Renaissance
rapidly
spread
northwards
to
France,
Germany，England,
and
the
rest
of
Europe.
当然文艺复兴不仅仅是《蒙娜·丽莎》。文艺复兴是一个法语单词，意为“再生”，于19世纪首次出现在英语中。这个词被用来描绘随着首批欧洲人抵达美洲而开始的那段欧洲历史，这是一段探险的历史，也是现代世界史的开端。仿佛欧洲在经历了中世纪的长眠之后，就要苏醒过来了。从意大利开始，文艺复兴的精神很快向北传遍了法国、德国、英国以及欧洲的其他国家。
[助读讲解] ⑥此处which
引导定语从句，修饰先行词a
French
word。⑦此处as
if引导表语从句。
Trade
with
other
parts
of
the
world
meant
that
Europe
was
getting
richer,
too.This
meant
that
people
had
money
to
spend
on
the
arts⑧；
and
it
became
easier
for
artists
to
find
people
who
could
afford
to
buy
their
works
or
employ
them⑨.Leonardo
worked
for
important
people
such
as
the
Duke
of
Milan,
and,
towards
the
end
of
his
life,
the
King
of
France.
与世界其他地方的贸易意味着欧洲也在变得更加富裕。也就是说人们有钱来花费在艺术上，对于艺术家来说想要找到人来购买他们的作品或者雇用他们也更容易。莱奥纳多为一些重要的人物工作过，比如米兰公爵，在晚年他也曾经为法国国王工作过。
[助读讲解] ⑧此处不定式短语作后置定语，修饰money。⑨此处it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语，其中包含一个who引导的定语从句，修饰people。
Renaissance
artists
found
new
ideas
for
their
work
in
classical
Greece
and
Rome.But
they
looked
forward,
too,
by
opening
new
frontiers
in
the
arts.Painters
discovered
how
to
use
perspective(透视效果)
and
the
effects
of
light;
composers
put
different
voices
together
and
created
polyphony(复调音乐)
(“many
voices”);
architects
preferred
designing
buildings
with
more
light
which
contrasted
with
the
heaviness
of
the
Gothic
cathedrals(大教堂)
of
the
Middle
Ages⑩.
文艺复兴的艺术家从古希腊以及古罗马的文献中来寻找他们作品的灵感。而他们也通过开辟新的艺术领域来展望未来。画家们发现了怎样利用透视和光的作用；作曲家们将不同的声音合到一起创造了复调音乐(“许多音调”)；相比于中世纪哥特式教堂的沉重来说，建筑师们则更喜欢设计更加光亮的建筑。
[助读讲解] ⑩此处which引导定语从句，修饰先行词buildings。
The
sense
of
exploration
which
motivated
the
artists
went
hand
in
hand
with
a
new
type
of
philosophy.After
centuries
of
accepting
a
medieval
world
view
in
which
human
life
was
considered
of
little
value
compared
with
the
greatness
of
God?，
philosophers
began
asking
questions
like
“What
is
a
person？”
or
“Why
am
I
here？”
For
the
first
time,
they
put
people,
not
religion,
at
the
centre
of
the
universe.
这种激发艺术家的探索意识与一种新的哲学携手共进。几个世纪以来，哲学家们都持有中世纪的世界观，认为与上帝的伟大相比人的生命很渺小。现在他们开始提出诸如“人为何物？”以及“我为何存在？”这样的问题。有史以来第一次，他们将人而不是宗教放在了整个宇宙的中心。
[助读讲解] ?此处in
which引导定语从句，修饰view。
The
Renaissance
was
a
time
of
scientific
invention,
too.Leonardo,
as
well
as
being
one
of
the
greatest
painters
the
world
has
ever
known?，
was
also
a
skilled
inventor.Wherever
he
went?，
he
carried
a
notebook
around
with
him,
in
which
he
wrote
down
his
ideas?.They
included
detailed
drawings
of
the
human
body,
plans
for
engineers
to
build
canals
and
bridges,
and
astonishing
drawings
of
machines
which
were
not
to
be
built
until
hundreds
of
years
later?，
such
as
aeroplanes,
parachutes(降落伞),
submarines(潜艇)
and
tanks(坦克)．Towards
the
end
of
his
life
he
was
employed
by
the
King
of
France
to
do
scientific
research,
and
he
did
not
have
a
lot
of
time
for
painting.
文艺复兴也是一个科学发明层出不穷的时代。作为举世公认的最伟大的画家之一，莱奥纳多同时也是一个出色的发明家。不管走到哪里他都随身携带一个笔记本，以便随时记录下自己的想法。它们(这些想法)包括细致的人体素描、供工程师建造运河和桥梁的设计以及一些令人震惊的直到数百年之后才被造出来的机器制图，例如飞机、降落伞、潜艇和坦克。在晚年，莱奥纳多受法国国王委托去做一些科学研究，所以很少有时间从事绘画创作。
[助读讲解] ?此处为省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰the
greatest
painters。?此处wherever引导让步状语从句，相当于no
matter
where。?此处in
which引导定语从句，修饰先行词notebook。?此处which引导定语从句，修饰先行词machines。
In
short,
Leonardo
was
an
extraordinary
genius,
an
example
of
what
has
been
described
as
“Renaissance
man”?：someone
interested
in
everything
and
with
many
different
talents?.But
even
if
his
only
contribution
to
history
had
been
the
Mona
Lisa?，
it
would
have
been
genius
enough
for
all
time.
简言之，莱奥纳多·达·芬奇是一个非凡的天才，一个被描绘成“文艺复兴人”的典范：一个对凡事皆有兴趣并有诸多才能的人。但即使他对历史的贡献仅仅是一幅《蒙娜·丽莎》，这也已经是恒久的天才作品。
[助读讲解] ?此处what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。?此处形容词性短语和介词短语都作someone的定语。?此处even
if“即使”，引导让步状语从句。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P16－17教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1
A．The
implication
of
the
Renaissance.
2．Para.2
B．Trade—one
factor
of
the
Renaissance.
3．Para.3
C．A
change
in
ideas
about
religion.
4．Para.4
D．The
introduction
of
the
Mona
Lisa.
5．Para.5
E．Something
Leonardo
did
as
a
skilled
inventor.
6．Para.6
F．Leonardo's
influence
on
history.
7．Para.7
G．The
new
ideas
on
painting，music
and
architecture.
[答案] 1－5 DABGC 6－7 EF
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P16－17教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Why
was
the
Renaissance
given
this
name?
A．Because
of
the
developments
in
art，music
and
literature，etc.
B．Because
it
has
the
concept
of
“rebirth”．
C．Because
of
Mona
Lisa.
D．Because
Europe
was
getting
richer.
2．What's
the
general
idea
of
the
passage?
A．The
sense
of
exploration.
B．A
time
of
scientific
invention.
C．The
meaning
of
Renaissance，the
representative
figure
and
works.
D．The
Mona
Lisa
and
Leonardo
da
Vinci.
3．How
many
years
did
Leonardo
da
Vinci
spend
painting
the
Mona
Lisa?
A．10
years.
B．5
years.
C．2
years.
D．3
years.
4．How
did
philosophy
change
at
that
time?
A．Religion
was
put
at
the
centre
of
the
universe.
B．Art，architecture，music
and
literature
were
put
at
the
centre
of
the
universe.
C．People
were
put
at
the
centre
of
the
universe.
D．God
was
put
at
the
centre
of
the
universe.
5．What
made
the
Renaissance
possible?
A．Better
living
conditions.
B．International
business.
C．A
change
in
climate.
D．Some
extraordinary
geniuses.
[答案] 1－5 BCDCB
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P16－17教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The
Renaissance,
a
French
word
1.meaning(mean)“rebirth”，appeared
in
the
English
language
in
the
19th
century.It
described
a
period
of
exploration
and
the
2.beginning(begin)
of
the
modern
world.From
Italy，it
spread
all
over
Europe
3.where
artists
found
new
ideas
for
their
work
in
classical
Greece
and
Rome.They
also
4.opened(open)
new
frontiers
in
the
arts
such
as
painters'
use
of
perspective
and
the
effects
of
light.The
sense
of
exploration
which
motivated
the
artists
also
developed
together
5.with
a
new
type
of
philosophy.6.Besides，it
was
also
a
time
of
scientific
7.invention(invent)，when
Leonardo，the
extraordinary
genius，did
a
lot
in
the
8.scientific(science)
research.In
short，the
Renaissance
made
great
9.contributions(contribution)
to
the
10.development(develop)
of
Europe.
PAGEModule
2
The
Renaissance
Section
Ⅲ Grammar——非谓语动词
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
①It
was
foolish
of
you
to
lie
to
your
teacher.②It's
no
use
trying
to
persuade
him
to
change
his
mind.③Our
duty
is
to
help
the
young
children
to
grow
better.④Our
work
is
serving
the
people.⑤People
want
to
know
who
Mona
Lisa
is
and
why
she
is
smiling.⑥The
building
being
built
is
a
new
shopping
mall.⑦The
bird
was
lucky
and
escaped
being
caught.⑧Painted
by
Leonardo
da
Vinci
in
the
year
1503－1506，the
Mona
Lisa
is
a
mysterious
masterpiece.
1.句①②中黑体部分在句中均作主语。句③④中黑体部分在句中均作表语。句⑤中黑体部分在句中作宾语。2.根据句①②可知，动词不定式和动词?ing形式作主语时，可以用it作形式主语。3.句⑥⑦中，黑体部分为动词?ing形式的被动式，在句中分别作定语和宾语。4.句⑧中黑体部分为过去分词在句中作状语。
考点一 非谓语动词和基本形式
时态形式
主动式
被动式
不定式
一般式
to
do
to
be
done
完成式
to
have
done
to
have
been
done
进行式
to
be
doing
动词?ing形式
一般式
doing
being
done
完成式
having
done
having
been
done
动词?ed形式
一般式
done
考点二 非谓语动语的用法
1．不定式和动名词作主语
不定式作主语表示具体动作；动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作。
To
swim
in
the
sea
in
hot
summer
is
very
pleasant.
炎热的夏季在海里游泳很惬意。
Reading
aloud
is
a
good
way
to
learn
English.
大声朗读是学习英语的一个好方法。
[名师点津] 不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在后面；而动名词只能在一些特定的句式中用it作形式主语。
It
is
no
use(no
good，fun，a
waste
of
time...)＋doing
sth.
[即时演练1] 用所给词的适当形式填空
①Walking(walk)
is
a
good
form
of
exercise
for
both
young
and
old.
②To
master(master)
a
foreign
language
calls
for
a
great
deal
of
memory
work.
③It
is
difficult
to
see(see)
how
more
savings
can
be
made.
④It
is
no
use
crying(cry)．
2．不定式和动名词作宾语
(1)except，but作介词时后面也可以跟不定式，但多用于否定句和疑问句。
He
has
no
choice
but
to
lie
down
and
sleep.
他别无选择，只能躺下睡觉。
Tom
did
nothing
last
night
except
to
watch
TV.
除了看电视，汤姆昨晚什么也没干。
(2)下列动词(短语)后要用不定式作宾语：
agree，promise，learn，fail，decide，plan，manage等。
They
managed
to
escape
from
the
burning
building.
他们成功地逃出了那座着火的大楼。
(3)下列动词(短语)后要用动名词作宾语：
allow/permit，consider，suggest/advise/propose/recommend，be
busy，insist
on，practise，appreciate等。
I
appreciate
having
been
given
the
opportunity
to
study
abroad
two
years
ago.
我很感激两年前被给予出国学习的机会。
(4)有些动词后既可用动名词又可用动词不定式作宾语。意义上无较大差别，常见的有：begin，start，continue，prefer，love，like等；而有些两者意义完全不同，常见的有：remember，forget，try，regret，mean等。
As
soon
as
he
arrived
at
the
school，he
began
reading/to
read
his
English
book.
他一到学校就开始看英语书。
Don't
forget
to
post
the
letter
for
me
when
you
pass
the
post
office.
当你经过邮局时，别忘了替我把这封信寄出去。
I'll
never
forget
hearing
this
piece
of
music
for
the
first
time.
我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子的情景。
(5)有些动词(如need，want，require，bear等)后可跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，也可跟不定式的被动形式表示被动意义。
The
house
needs
repairing/to
be
repaired.
这幢房子需要修缮。
This
kind
of
cloth
bears
washing/to
be
washed.
这种布料很耐洗。
[即时演练2] 用所给词的适当形式填空
①She
has
arranged
to
see(see)
her
parents
next
week.
②I
gave
up
writing(write)
five
years
ago.
③Does
Betty
have
any
choice
but
to
do(do)
as
you
tell
her?
3．不定式、动名词和分词作表语
(1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。
To
do
two
things
at
a
time
is
to
do
neither.
一次做两件事等于什么也不做。
Her
job
is
teaching.
她的职业就是教书。
[名师点津]
如果主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也用不定式(表示结果)；如果主语是动名词，表语也用动名词。
To
be
kind
to
the
enemy
is
to
be
cruel
to
the
people.
对敌人的仁慈就是对人民的残酷。
Helping
others
is
helping
yourself.
帮助别人就是帮助自己。
(2)分词作表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词作表语，一种是过去分词作表语。现在分词作表语一般表示事物的性质、特征；过去分词作表语多用来描述人或高级动物的心理状态。例如：表示“人对……感兴趣”就用sb.be
interested
in...，表示“人/物本身有趣”就用sb./sth.be
interesting。这类词常见的有：interesting/interested，exciting/excited，delighting/delighted，disappointing/disappointed等。
[即时演练3] 完成句子
①我对这本书很感兴趣。
I
am
interested
in
the
book.
②他的习惯是晚饭后遛狗。
His
habit
is
walking
the
dog
after
supper.
③她的愿望是成为一名演员。
Her
wish
is
to
become
an
actress．
4．不定式、现在分词和过去分词作补足语
动词不定式作补足语表示动作的全过程；现在分词表示正在进行的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义。
We
watched
her
crossing
the
street.(动作正在进行)我们看着她走过大街。
I
watched
my
sister
cross
the
bridge.(动作已经完成)我看着妹妹过了桥。
I
heard
my
name
called.(动作完成且表示被动)
我听见有人叫我。
[巧学助记]
(1)下面的动词要用不定式作宾补：动词＋宾语＋动词不定式：
劝教命请叫(advise/suggest/recommend，teach，order，command，ask，tell)；
允许又警告(allow，permit，warn)；
使役表意向(cause，let，have，make，lead，set，leave，get，wish，want，expect)；
知觉动词妙(feel，hear，watch，see，observe，notice)；
且要省略to。
(2)下面的动词(短语)后可跟分词作宾语补足语：
see，watch，hear，feel，find，get，keep，notice，observe，listen
to，look
at，leave，catch等。
He
kept
the
car
waiting
at
the
gate.
他把小汽车停在门口。
[名师点津]
感官动词后面出现了动词不定式作宾语补足语时，主动结构中必须省略不定式符号to，但在变为被动结构时(watch，notice除外)，省略的to则必须加上。
[即时演练4] 完成句子
①车辆噪音很大，我无法让人听到我的声音。
I
couldn't
make
myself
heard
above
the
noise
of
the
traffic.
②我看到他把你的词典拿走了。
I
saw
him
take
your
dictionary
away．
③我看见他正在上楼。
I
saw
him
going
upstairs．
5．不定式、动名词和分词作定语
(1)通常不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作，所修饰的词与之在逻辑上存在动宾关系、主谓关系或同位关系。
He
is
a
pleasant
fellow
to
work
with.
他是个很好共事的人。
The
man
to
come
to
our
assistance
is
Mike.
要来帮助我们的人是迈克。
(2)动名词作前置定语，用来说明该名词的性质、用途，可替换成for短语。
a
swimming
pool＝a
pool
for
swimming(动名词)
(3)分词作定语
现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词一般表示被动含义；现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。
falling
leaves
正在飘落的叶子
fallen
leaves
落叶
China
is
a
developing
country，not
a
developed
country.
中国是一个发展中国家，而不是一个发达国家。
[名师点津]
动名词作定语通常表示用途
reading
room
阅览室
operating
table
手术台
swimming
pool
游泳池
singing
competition
歌咏比赛
drinking
water
饮用水
[即时演练5] 用所给词的适当形式填空
①Have
you
got
anything
to
say(say)
at
the
meeting?
②The
car
repaired(repair)
yesterday
by
him
is
my
mother's.
③The
man
standing(stand)
at
the
gate
is
my
English
teacher.
6．非谓语动词作状语的用法区别
(1)动词不定式通常作目的、原因、结果状语等。
In
order
to
arrive
there
on
time，I
got
up
early.
为了按时到达那里，我很早就起床了。
He's
old
enough
to
go
to
school
himself.
他大到可以自己去上学了。
She
was
so
angry
as
to
be
unable
to
speak.
她气得连话都说不出来。
Jack
hurried
to
the
booking
office，only
to
be
told
that
all
the
tickets
had
been
sold
out.
杰克匆忙赶到售票处，结果被告知所有的票都被卖完了。(不定式only
to
be
told在句中作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果)
I
am
glad
to
hear
the
news.
听到这个消息我很高兴。(不定式短语to
hear
the
news在句中作原因状语，通常位于句末)
(2)动词?ing形式(现在分词)和动词?ed形式(过去分词)在句中通常作原因、时间、伴随、条件、结果、让步状语等。主语与动词?ing形式(现在分词)在逻辑上存在主谓关系，主语与动词?ed形式(过去分词)在逻辑上存在动宾关系。
Seeing
the
teacher，he
ran
into
the
classroom.
看见老师，他跑进了教室。
Surrounded
by
a
group
of
pupils，the
old
teacher
walked
into
the
classroom.
在一群学生的簇拥下，那位老教师走进了教室。
Being
Party
members，we
should
take
the
lead
in
everything.
作为党员，凡事我们都应该起带头作用。
[名师点津] 动词?ing形式一般表示句子主语的动作，但作句子状语、说明说话人的看法时，则情况不是这样。
Judging
by
the
direction
of
the
wind，it
won't
rain
today.
根据风向判断，今天不会下雨。
Generally
speaking，the
more
expensive
the
camera，the
better
its
quality.
一般说来，照相机越贵，质量就越好。
[即时演练6] 句型转换
①After
he
had
watered
the
garden，he
began
to
mow
the
lawn.
→Having
watered
the
garden，he
began
to
mow
the
lawn.
②When
they
are
heated，metals
expand.
→Heated，metals
expand.
③She
awoke，so
that
she
found
herself
lost
in
the
forest.
→She
awoke，only
to
find
herself
lost
in
the
forest.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I
had
as
much
fun
sailing
the
seas
as
I
now
do
working(work)
with
students.
2．The
cooling
wind
swept
through
our
bedroom
windows，making(make)
air
conditioning
unnecessary.
3．I
find
some
students
in
this
school
often
punished(punish)
by
the
teachers.
4．Having
lived(live)
in
London
for
years,
I
almost
know
every
place
quite
well.
5．They
haven't
agreed
on
whether
to
build(build)
a
factory
here
or
not.
6．Having
experienced
many
failures，I
have
the
courage
to
meet(meet)
all
challenges.
7．There
are
a
lot
of
people
standing(stand)
in
line
waiting
for
the
bus.
8．The
committee
permitted
us
to
go(go)
ahead
with
our
building
plan.
9．He
ran
to
the
station，only
to
find(find)
the
bus
had
left.
10．Caught(catch)
in
a
heavy
rain，he
was
wet
to
the
skin.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I'm
looking
forward
to
see
her
again
in
the
near
future.see→seeing
2．The
man
made
all
the
workers
to
work
fifteen
hours
a
day.去掉to
3．You
had
better
not
to
miss
the
chance
to
enjoy
it.去掉第一个to
4．She
tried
to
make
herself
understand
in
English.understand→understood
5．When
I
entered
the
room，I
saw
him
seating
at
the
back
of
the
room.seating→seated
6．Leaving
alone
in
a
dark
room，the
little
girl
was
so
frightened
at
the
frightening
sound.Leaving→Left
7．I
found
it
astonished
that
none
of
you
liked
the
film.astonished→astonishing
8．All
her
time
devoted
to
look
after
3
children，she
has
no
time
for
films.look→looking
9．He
stood
up
and
went
out
of
the
room，said
nothing.said→saying
10．Though
telling
many
times，he
always
forgot
how
to
run
the
machine.telling→told
PAGEModule
2
The
Renaissance
如何写日记
日记是用来记述自己一天生活中所发生的有意义的事情或用来抒发自己当天对某些事情的感受以及自己将来的打算。其素材应是最有趣或最有感受的一些事情，体裁可以是记叙文、应用文、说明文、议论文等各种形式，也可以把以上文体结合起来使用。一般篇幅不宜过长。
写日记的过程中要注意以下几点：
英语日记一般记录某一天发生的事情，或者是自己感受最深的一件事，如一节课、一次郊游活动、一场晚会、一场体育比赛等。也可以是观看某场电影、某部电视剧或阅读某一篇文章后的体会等。写英语日记要注意下面几点：
1．日记写作格式
英语日记的格式与中文日记大体一样。英语日记通常由两部分组成，即书端和正文。书端指写日记的日期、星期和天气。英语日记的书端顶格写在正文上方的左边。先写星期，再写日期。日期的写法与书信的相同。天气可写在正文的右上方或写在日期之后，通常用形容词，如：Fine，Cloudy，Rainy，Windy，Foggy等。
2．时态
写日记的时间一般是在下午或晚上，有时也会在第二天补记。所记叙的事情通常发生在过去，所以常用一般过去时。但如果要记叙天气、描写景色、展望未来、议论某事或对话引语等，可以使用一般现在时或一般将来时，以生动再现当时的情景。
3．写作文体
英语日记正文可以是叙事、描述、说明、议论等各种形式，但主题要突出。整篇日记要围绕一个主题来展开。切忌面面俱到，记流水账。因此，要精心选择内容，记下最有意义的、感受最深的内容。英语日记的语言表达要贴切，遣词造句要符合语法和英语习惯表达。切忌用汉语句式表达。如果我们不能用已学的语言知识来表达某种意思，最好换一种同义的表达法。
4．英语日记中的缩写与省略
英语写作中经常会有缩略语，比如：Nov.(November)，Apr.(April)，e.g.(for
example)等各种形式的缩略语。
1．The
time
passed
quickly.Before
we
knew
it，we
had
to
say
goodbye
and
get
back
home.
2．A
good
idea
struck
me.
3．A
new
thought
occurred
to
me.
4．I
had
a
pleasant
time
today.
5．Such
was
my
first
experience
of
life
that
I
will
keep
in
mind
forever.
6．From
the
experience，we
learned
that...
7．We
had
such
a
good
time
that
we
didn't
realize
it
was
very
late.
8．As
soon
as
we
got
there，we
were
divided
into
several
groups.
9．I
had
an
unforgettable
trip
to
Cambridge
today.
10．Although
I
was
tired，I
spent
the
most
exciting
day
in
my
life.
你校英文报正在开展“续写雷锋日记”活动，请你将最近所做的一件好事以日记的形式记述下来，并投稿。要点如下：
1．记述事情的经过；
2．简要说明你的感受或从中得到的启示。
注意：词数100左右(日记的开头已给出，不计入总词数)
Friday,
March
22
Fine
体裁
应用文
时态
一般过去时为主
主题
叙述好人好事
人称
第一、三人称
结构
第一段：引出日记；第二段：叙述事情发生的经过；第三段：自己的感受。
Ⅰ.对接模块词汇
1．Passer-by
n．
(过)路人
2．crossing
n.
十字路口；交叉口
3．disturbed
adj.
感到不安的
4．at
a
loss
不知所措
5．leave
for
出发去某地
6．lead
sb.to
some
place
领某人去某地
Ⅱ.巧用模块句式、语法
(一)完成句子
1．我很高兴今天帮助了两位路人。
I'm
glad
to
have
lent
a
hand
to
two
passers-by
in
trouble
today.
2．当我正在街上散步时，我注意到两位路人正在十字路口读地图，看上去很不安。
When
I
was
wandering
on
the
street,
I
noticed
two
passers-by
at
the
crossing
reading
a
map,
looking
disturbed.
3．看上去好像他们不知道去哪里，因此我走过去问了问是否能帮忙。
It
seemed
that
they
were
at
a
loss
where
to
go,
so
I
went
up
and
asked
how
I
could
help.
4．我领他们去了最近的车站，并建议他们乘坐20路车，可以直接到达。
I
led
them
to
a
nearby
bus
stop
and
advised
them
to
take
Bus
No.
20.This
bus
could
take
them
there
directly.
5．看到他们上了车时，我有一种满足感。
When
I
saw
them
on
the
bus,
I
felt
a
kind
of
satisfaction．
(二)句式升级
1．用“be
doing
...when
...”句式改写2句
I
was
wandering
on
the
street
when
I
noticed
two
passers-by
at
the
crossing
reading
a
map,
looking
disturbed.
2．用含有定语从句的复合句改写4句
I
led
them
to
a
nearby
bus
stop
and
advised
them
to
take
Bus
No.20,
which
could
take
them
there
directly.
3．用现在分词短语作状语改写5句
Seeing
them
on
the
bus,
I
felt
a
kind
of
satisfaction.
【参考范文】
Friday,
March
22
Fine
I'm
glad
to
have
lent
a
hand
to
two
passers-by
in
trouble
today.
This
morning,
I
was
wandering
on
the
street
when
I
noticed
two
passers-by
at
the
crossing
reading
a
map,
looking
disturbed.It
seemed
that
they
were
at
a
loss
where
to
go,
so
I
went
up
and
asked
how
I
could
help.They
told
me
that
they
were
leaving
for
the
Temple
of
Heaven.Then
I
led
them
to
a
nearby
bus
stop
and
advised
them
to
take
Bus
No.20,
which
could
take
them
there
directly.They
appreciated
my
help
greatly.Before
long,
the
bus
arrived.We
waved
goodbye
to
each
other.
Seeing
them
on
the
bus,
I
felt
a
kind
of
satisfaction.
PAGEModule
2
The
Renaissance
Section
Ⅳ Language
Points(Ⅱ)(Integrating
Skills
&
Cultural
Corner)
Part
1
阅读P22教材课文，判断正(T)误(F)
1．Most
people
don't
walk
because
of
convenient
transportation.(T)
2．All
house
owners
were
taxed
on
the
size
of
their
window
in
Europe.(F)
3．The
writer
visited
both
the
Van
Gogh
Museum
and
the
Rijks
museum.(F)
Part
2
阅读P25教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．When
did
the
story
begin?
A．In
1911.
B．In
1913.
C．In
the
Middle
Age.
D．During
the
14th
to
16th
century.
2．Why
did
Perugia
steal
the
Mona
Lisa?
A．He
trusted
de
Valfierno－the
chief
organiser
of
the
crime
to
pay
him
for
the
painting.
B．He
wanted
to
get
money
as
well
as
fame
by
selling
the
Mona
Lisa.
C．He
liked
the
picture
of
the
Mona
Lisa.
D．He
wanted
to
copy
the
Mona
Lisa.
3．Why
did
de
Valfierno
want
everyone
to
hear
about
the
news
of
the
burglary?
A．He
wanted
to
tell
the
buyers
that
the
real
Mona
Lisa
was
just
a
copy.
B．He
wanted
to
make
six
copies.
C．He
wanted
to
avoid
paying
Perugia.
D．He
wanted
to
convince
each
buyer
they
had
the
authentic
painting
but
not
a
copy.
4．How
many
copies
of
the
Mona
Lisa
were
made
by
de
Valfierno?
A．Six
copies.
B．Eight
copies.
C．He
didn't
make
copies.
D．Ten
copies.
[答案] 1－4 AADA
Part
3
Ⅰ.速读P27教材课文，匹配段落大意
1．Para.1
A．Printing
made
it
possible
to
produce
more
copies
in
less
time.
2．Para.2
B．Printing
answered
a
need
of
people
who
were
thirsty
for
knowledge.
3．Para.3
C．The
spread
of
printing
greatly
influenced
the
European
Culture.
4．Para.4
D．Printing
could
satisfy
the
desire
for
all
kinds
of
books.
5．Para.5
E．Johann
Gutenberg
made
the
first
printing
press
in
Europe.
[答案] 1－5 BAEDC
Ⅱ.细读P27教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Before
printing
was
invented，copies
of
a
manuscript
were
usually
made
by
hand
on
．
A．silk
B．stones
C．animal
skins
D．wood
2．Who
set
up
his
own
printing
press
in
London?
A．Gutenberg.
B．William
Caxton.
C．Shakespeare.
D．The
son
of
Shakespeare.
[答案] 1－2 CB
Ⅲ.根据P27教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In
China,
1.printing(print)
was
known
as
early
as
in
2.the
7th
century;
in
Europe，it
was
an
important
part
of
the
Renaissance.It
answered
a
need
3.because/as
people
were
4.thirsty(thirst)
for
knowledge.It
5.is
believed(believe)
that
a
German
made
the
first
printing
press
in
Europe.He
6.adapted(adapt)
it
from
the
machines
farmers
used
7.to
squeeze(squeeze)
oil
from
olives.The
8.first(one)
book
that
Gutenberg
produced
was
a
Bible.The
spread
of
9.printed(print)
books
led
10.to
a
renew
passion
for
artistic
expression.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．I
began
to
calculate(计算)
how
long
it
would
take
to
get
to
the
airport.
2．The
suspect(嫌疑人)
was
taken
to
the
nearest
police
station
for
questioning.
3．We
like
to
talk
about
the
anecdote(趣闻)
of
our
college
life
when
we
get
together.
4．He
is
in
debt(债务)
to
the
bank
because
he
bought
that
big
house.
5．We
sought
an
answer
to
the
question,
but
couldn't
find
one.
6．During
the
war,
thousands
of
people
fled
the
country.
7．Since
the
early
age
of
the
computer's
favorite，so
I
chose
the
IT
profession．
8．I
feel
nervous
about
the
outcome
of
the
experiment.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词
1．loss
n．丢失，丧失→lose
vt.丢失，迷失→lost
adj.丢失的
2．inspire
v．鼓舞，激励→inspiration
n．鼓舞，激励；启发，灵感
3．appeal
v．恳求；呼吁→appealing
adj.动人心弦的
4．profession
n．职业→professional
adj.职业的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．depend
on
依靠，依赖；取决于
2．in
history
历史上
3．leave
for
出发去……
4．leave
sth.behind
把……抛在后面
5．on
behalf
of
代表
6．get
tired
of
doing
sth.
厌倦/烦做某事
7．at
liberty
获得自由的
8．up
to
到(某个数量)
9．lead
to
导致；通向；通往
10．take
up
从事，开始做(某项工作)
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The
man
took
up
journalism
after
his
graduation.
2．My
wife
and
daughter
depend
on
me
for
their
living.
3．On
behalf
of
all
the
students，I
welcome
you
to
our
school.
4．He
has
decided
to
leave
for
New
York
tomorrow.
5．In
given
conditions，a
bad
thing
can
lead
to
good
results.
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.It
doesn't
matter
whether
he
is
doing
a
portrait
or
a
landscape－he's
a
genius.不管他画肖像还是山水画都无关紧要——他是一个天才。
it
doesn't/didn't
matter＋主语从句。
你明天晚上来不来参加聚会都不要紧。It
doesn't
matter
whether
you
come
to
the
party
or
not
tomorrow
evening.
2.But
as
the
ideas
of
the
Renaissance
developed,
so
did
the
demand
for
the
Greek
and
Latin
classics...但随着文艺复兴观念的发展，人们对希腊和拉丁经典作品的需求也增加了……
so＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语。
汤姆去了南京报道这个事件，玛丽也去了。Tom
went
to
Nanjing
to
cover
the
event,
so
did
Mary.
depend
on依靠，依赖；取决于
(教材P22)．..here
the
taxes
depended
on
the
width
of
the
house—so
they
kept
them
narrow，but
built
them
tall.……这里的税金是根据房屋的宽度而定——因此他们就把房屋盖得很窄但却很高。
depend
on
sb.to
do
sth.
依靠某人做某事
depend
on
sb./sb.'s
doing
sth.
指望某人做某事
depend
on
it
that...
相信……，指望……
It(all)depends./That
depends.
看情况而定。
①I
know
we
can
depend
on
her
to
deal
with
the
tough
situation.
我知道我们可以依赖她来应对这个棘手的形势。
②Jim
is
always
late,
you
can
not
depend
on
his
coming(come)
on
time.
吉姆总是迟到，你不能指望他会准时来。
③You
can't
always
depend
on
it
that
he'll
help
you.
你不能老是指望他会帮你的忙。
appeal
v．恳求；呼吁；请求；吸引；上诉；求助
n．呼吁；吸引力；上诉
(教材P25)We're
appealing
to
anyone
who
saw
the
suspect
to
contact
us.
我们正呼吁不论谁看到嫌疑人都要联系我们。
(1)appealing
adj.
有吸引力的；有趣的
(2)appeal
to
sb.for...
为……向某人呼吁(请求)
appeal
to
sb.to
do
sth.
向某人呼吁做某事
appeal
to
sb.
吸引某人
(3)make
an
appeal
to/for
向……呼吁(请求)
①
We
tend
to
have
a
better
memory
for
things
that
excite
our
senses
or
appeal
to
our
emotions
than
for
straight
facts.
相对于直白的事实，我们对于激发自己感觉或唤起自己情感的事物，记忆往往更加深刻。
②We
appealed
to
the
government
for
support.
我们向政府请求支援。
③The
government
appealed
to
the
citizens
to
protect
(protect)
the
environment.
政府呼吁市民要保护环境。
suspect
n．(犯罪)嫌疑人；可疑分子 v．怀疑
(经典例句)The
police
took
the
suspect
to
the
police
station.
警察把那个嫌疑犯带到了警察局。
(1)suspect
sb.of
(doing)
sth. 怀疑某人(做)某事
suspect
sb./sth.to
be
怀疑某人/某事是……
suspect
that...
以为，猜想
(2)suspected
adj.
受怀疑的，被怀疑的
①She
strongly
suspected
that
he
was
lying
to
her.
她非常怀疑他在对她撒谎。
②The
police
suspect
him
of
having
taken
the
money.
警察怀疑钱是他偷的。
③What
she
said
sounded
convincing,
but
I
suspect
it
to
be(be)
a
lie.
她的话听起来挺可信的，但我认为那是谎话。
seek
v．寻找(求)；探索，寻觅；征求，追求
(教材P25)We're
seeking
a
gang
of
criminals.
我们正寻找一伙罪犯。
(1)seek
to
do
sth.
试图/设法干某事
(2)seek
for
寻找；寻求
seek
after
追求；企图得到
(3)seek
one's
fortune
寻求(找)致富/成功之路
seek
one's
advice/help/assistance
征求某人的意见/请求某人的帮助/援助
①All
men
seek
for
happiness.
人人都寻求幸福。
②We
are
always
seeking
to
improve(improve)
productivity.
我们一直在设法提高生产率。
blame
n．过失；责备，责任v.责备
(教材P25)The
outcome
of
the
story
is
that
Perugia
got
the
blame
for
the
crime
and
went
to
prison.
故事的结果是佩鲁贾因犯罪受到惩罚而入狱。
(1)blame
sb.for
sth. 因某事责备某人
be
to
blame
for
sth.
因某事应该受责
blame
sth.on/onto
sb.
把……怪到……头上；把某事的责
任归咎于某人
(2)take
the
blame
承担责任
①The
car
driver
took
the
blame
for
the
accident.
小汽车的司机承担了事故的责任。
②The
driver
was
not
to
blame
(blame)
for
the
accident.这次事故不能怪司机。
③Don't
go
trying
to
blame
it
on
me!
别想赖我！
[名师点津] 当表示“某人受到指责”时，通常用sb.be
blamed
for
sth.；但是在表示“某人应该受到指责”时，则用sb.be
to
blame
for
sth.。
lead
to
导致，通向，通往
(教材P27)This
spread
of
printed
books
led
to
a
renewed
passion
for
artistic
expression.
印刷书籍的传播，重新唤起人们对艺术表达的激情。
lead
...to...
引导……到……
lead
sb.to
do
sth.
使某人做某事
lead
the
way
领先，一马当先
lead
a．..life
过着……的生活
①With
a
guide
leading
the
way,
we
arrived
at
a
village
in
Tibet,
where
we
found
the
local
people
leading
a
happy
life.
由向导带路，我们到达了西藏的一个村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。
②I
didn't
know
what
had
led
you
to
believe(believe)
him.
我不知道是什么使你相信了他。
(教材P27)Without
inexpensive
printing
to
make
books
available
to
a
large
section
of
society，the
son
of
John
Shakespeare，a
government
official
in
rural
England
in
the
mid?1500s，may
never
have
been
inspired
to
take
up
writing
as
a
profession.
假如没有低廉的印刷技术使得广大社会阶层有书可读，16世纪中期英格兰乡村的政府官员——约翰·莎士比亚的儿子也许根本不可能受到鼓舞而将写作作为职业。
(1)inspire
v.
鼓舞；激励；给……以灵感
(1)inspire
sb.to
do
sth.
鼓舞某人做某事
be
inspired
by
受……的启发
(2)inspired
adj.
有创见的；有灵感的
inspiring
adj.
令人振奋的；激励人的
inspiration
n.
灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或
事物)
①He
inspired
many
young
people
to
take
up
the
sport.
他激励了许多年轻人来参加这项体育运动。
②His
inspiring
speech
inspired
us
to
try
again.(inspire)他令人振奋的演讲鼓舞了我们再做尝试。
(2)take
up从事；开始(做某项工作)；拿起；占据；接着讲
写出下列句子中take
up的含义
③The
teacher
took
up
the
lesson
where
he
left
off
last
week.接着讲
④I'm
sorry
I've
already
taken
up
so
much
of
your
valuable
time.占用
⑤She
took
up
the
receiver
and
began
to
dial
the
number.拿起
⑥I
think
I'll
take
up
oil
painting
in
my
spare
time.开始从事
take
in
接受；吸收；包括；理解；欺骗
take
on
承担；呈现；雇用
take
over
占据；接任(职位)
take
away
拿走，夺去
take
down
取下；记下；拆卸
take
off
拿走；脱下(衣帽等)；起飞；事业腾飞
⑦I
can't
take
in
the
meaning
of
the
word.
我无法理解这个单词的意思。
⑧He
will
take
over
my
job
while
I
am
on
holiday.
我度假时，他会接替我的工作。
(教材P27)But
as
the
ideas
of
the
Renaissance
developed，so
did
the
demand
for
the
Greek
and
Latin
classics，which
had
been
largely
ignored
for
up
to
2，000
years.但随着文艺复兴观念的发展，人们对希腊和拉丁经典作品的需求也增加了，而这些经典已经被忽视达两千年了。
【要点提炼】 句中so引导一个部分倒装句式，通常其结构为“so＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”，表示前面的肯定情况也适合于其他人或物。
(1)“so＋主语＋助动词”表示对前句的确定，意为“……确实如此”。注意：此句型中的主语与前句的主语为同一人或物。
(2)当前面的否定情况也适合于后者时，用“neither/nor＋助动词＋主语”；当前面既有肯定又有否定或有两种(或两种以上)谓语动词形式时用so
it
is/was
with
sb.(也可以用it
is
the
same
with
sb.)。
①—He
will
go
to
England
for
further
education.
——他将要去英国进修。
—So
will
his
wife.
——他妻子也去。
②—He
is
good
at
maths.
——他擅长数学。
—So
he
is.
——他确实如此。
③—Tom
didn't
go
to
the
party
yesterday.
——汤姆昨天没有去参加聚会。
—Neither/Nor
did
Peter.
——彼得也没去。
④—He
likes
walking
and
he
doesn't
go
to
school
by
bus.
——他喜欢走路，而且不乘公共汽车去上学。
—So
it
is
with
his
sister.
——他妹妹也是如此。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
beggar
sat
outside
the
building
asking
passers-by(passer-by)
for
money.
2．Nobody
wants
to
make
friends
with
the
boy
suspected(suspect)
of
having
stolen
money.
3．The
loss(lose)
of
the
money
has
been
a
weight
on
my
mind.
4.
I
sought(seek)
to
persuade
him，but
in
vain.
5．The
songs
we
heard
last
night
were
most
inspiring
(inspire)．
6．She
seemed
to
be
gifted(gift)
at
music.
7．My
educational
background
and
professional(profession)
experience
make
me
qualified
for
the
job.
8．Facing
the
colorful
world,
it
is
often
difficult
to
decide
what
to
take
and
what
to
leave
behind．
9．On
behalf
of
my
classmates，I
accept
your
suggestion.
10．He
is
tired
of
the
boring
story.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1．You
can
depend
on
that
we
won't
give
up.on后加it
2．Tom
hasn't
finished
his
paper；so
has
his
twin
brother.so→neither
3．His
laziness
leads
to
fail
in
the
exam.fail→failing
4．After
studying
in
a
medical
college
for
five
years，Jane
took
in
a
job
in
the
countryside.第二个in→up
5．The
police
appealed
the
public
to
be
alert
to
burglars
at
night.appealed后加to
PAGEModule
2
The
Renaissance
Section
Ⅱ Language
Points(Ⅰ)(Introduction
&
Reading
and
Vocabulary)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．I
tried
to
persuade
him，but
with
no
effect(效果)．
2．He
recognized
the
painting
as
an
early
work(作品)
of
Degas.
3．We
can
feel
the
strong
contrast
of
light
and
shade(阴影)
in
the
drawing.
4．He
devoted
himself
to
working
at
the
technological
frontier(新领域)．
5．It's
too
dull(枯燥的)
to
listen
to
Professor
Li's
lessons.
6．The
company
is
fortunate
to
have
such
highly
skilled
workers.
7．The
children
made
a
big
noise，which
was
rather
disturbing.
8．Basically,
I
agree
with
your
suggestions,
but
there
are
still
a
few
points
I'd
like
to
discuss
with
you.
9．How
do
you
motivate
the
people
to
work
hard
and
efficiently?
10．The
subject
we
will
discuss
today
is
about
the
environment.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词
1．disturb
v．打扰；扰乱→disturbing
adj.引起烦恼的，令人不安的→disturbed
adj.被打扰的；不安的
2．effect
n．效果；作用→effective
adj.有效的
3．base
n．基础→basic
adj.基本的；基础的→basically
adv.基本上，本质上，大致说来
4．motivate
v．激发，激励→motivation
n．动机，刺激；推动
5．skill
n．技能；技巧→skilled
adj.有技巧的；熟练的
adj.＋?ally→adv.
v.?e＋?ation→n.
basic→basically基本上scientific→scientifically科学上dramatic→dramatically戏剧性地
explore→exploration探索imagine→imagination想象hesitate→hesitation犹豫
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．more
than...
不仅仅；超过
2．wake
up
醒来；唤醒
3．contrast
with．..
与……形成对照
4．hand
in
hand
手拉手；密切合作
5．compared
with/to
与……相比
6．as
well
as
也；不仅……而且……
7．in
short
总之；简言之
8．for
all
time
永远
9．for
the
first
time
第一次
10．begin
with
以……开始
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The
children
walked
down
the
street
hand
in
hand．
2．In
short，I
am
interested
in
all
of
the
sports.
3．Tom
as
well
as
his
friends
is
dying
to
visit
China.
4．I
think
your
prices
are
much
too
high，compared
with/to
of
other
suppliers'.
5．This
white
peak
contrasts
with
the
blue
sky.
由as
well
as所想到的
“总之”短语集锦
as
good
as
和……一样好；几乎和……一样as
long
as
和……一样长；只要as
far
as
远达；就……而论
in
short/brief/conclusionin
a
word/nutshellall
in
all
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.It
is
believed
to
be
the
best
example
of
a
new
lifelike
style
of
painting...它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表……
Sth./Sb.is
believed
to
do/be...。
那个女孩是我们学校公认的最漂亮的。That
girl
is
believed
to
be
the
most
beautiful
in
our
school.
2.It
was
as
if
Europe
was
waking
up
after
the
long
sleep
of
the
Middle
Ages.仿佛欧洲在经历了中世纪的长眠之后，就要苏醒过来了。
as
if引导的表语从句。
他看起来好像在找什么东西。It
looks
as
if
he
is
looking
for
something.
(教材P15)I
find
it
mysterious，and
perhaps
even
a
little
disturbing；I
don't
know
who
the
subject
is，and
I
find
the
background
strangely
unreal.
我发觉它很神秘，或许甚至有一点让人不安；我不知道这个人物是谁，而且我觉得背景非常不真实。
(1)disturbing
adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的
disturb
vt.
扰乱；妨碍；使……不安；打破……
的平静
disturbed
adj.
不幸的；不安的；心理不正常的
disturbance
n.
搅乱；弄乱；打扰；骚乱；困扰
①He
told
us
to
keep
quiet
for
fear
that
we
might
disturb
others.他让我们保持安静，以免打扰别人。
②A
loud
and
disturbing(disturb)
noise
came
from
upstairs.楼上传来了响亮且使人烦躁的噪音。
③She
was
disturbed(disturb)
to
hear
you
had
been
injured
in
the
accident.
听到你在事故中受了伤她感到不安。
(2)subject
n．(绘画、摄影等的)主题；学科，科目；话题；主语
写出下列句中subject的含义
④The
subject
of
the
music
is
a
love
story.主题
⑤Maths
is
my
favourite
subject.学科，科目
⑥What
is
the
subject
of
the
sentence?
主语
⑦How
did
we
get
into
the
subject
of
money?
话题
subjective
adj.
主观的；想象的
objective
adj.
客观的；真实的
⑧Everyone
can
give
his
subjective(subject)
view
on
the
topic.
每个人都可以就这个标题给出主观的看法。
effect
n．作用；效果；结果；影响
(教材P15)The
effect
of
the
light，the
combination
of
light
and
shade，is
astonishing.
光线、光线跟阴影融合的效果让人吃惊。
(1)have
an
effect
on
对……有影响
bring/carry/put...into
effect
实施，
使生效
come
into
effect
开始生效，
开始实施
take
effect
生效；
实施
side
effect
副作用
in
effect
事实上
(2)effective
adj.
有效的
(3)affect
v.
影响
①However，the
accident
had
an
unexpected
side
effect.然而这次事故产生了让人始料未及的副作用。
②Parents
have
the
greatest
profound
effect
on
their
children's
behavior.
父母对孩子的行为有最深远的影响。
③We
should
take
effective(effect)
measures
to
solve
this
problem.我们应该采取有效措施来解决这一问题。
shade
n．(图画等中的)阴影；阴暗部分；背阴处
v．遮住；挡住
(经典例句)The
student
used
light
and
shade
well
when
drawing
the
picture.
这个学生在画画时对于光线和阴影使用得很好。
in
the
shade
在阴凉处
put
...in
the
shade
使……相形见绌；使黯然无光
①Trees
shade
the
streets.
街道上绿树成荫。
②They
were
sitting
in
the
shade
of
the
wall.
他们正坐在墙的背阴处。
③I
thought
I
was
quite
a
good
artist,
but
your
painting
puts
mine
in
the
shade.
我原以为自己画得不错，但是比起你的画来未免相形见绌。
motivate
vt.激发；激励；使想做某事
(教材P17)The
sense
of
exploration
which
motivated
the
artists
went
hand
in
hand
with
a
new
type
of
philosophy.
这种激发艺术家的探索意识与一种新的哲学携手共进。
(1)motivate
sb.to
do
sth.
激励某人做某事
(2)motivation
n.
动机；积极性
①(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Motivation
and
goal
setting
are
the
two
sides
of
the
same
coin.
动力与设定目标是同一枚硬币的两面。
②We
must
motivate
students
to
do
it
on
their
own.
我们必须激励学生自主完成它。
③He
was
motivated(motivate)
by
his
wish
to
help
me，and
expected
nothing
in
return.
他只是想帮助我，不图任何回报。
④Give
them
motivation
(motivate)
and
they
will
do
their
best
to
work
for
you.
给予他们激励，他们会竭尽全力为你工作。
skilled
adj.有技巧的，熟练的
(教材P17)
Leonardo,
as
well
as
being
one
of
the
greatest
painters
the
world
has
ever
known,
was
also
a
skilled
inventor.
作为举世公认的最伟大的画家之一，莱奥纳多同时也是一个出色的发明家。
be
skilled
at/in...
在……很熟练
skill
n.
技能，技巧
①His
success
plays
his
luck
instead
of
his
skill.
他的成功靠的是运气而不是技术。
②She
is
skilled
at/in
all
types
of
dressmaking.
她能熟练地做各种衣服。
(教材P16)It
is
believed
to
be
the
best
example
of
a
new
lifelike
style
of
painting
that
amazed
people
when
it
was
first
used.它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画风格的最好代表，这种绘画风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。
【要点提炼】 主句是sb./sth.be
believed
to
do/to
be...句型，该句型常改写成It
is
believed
that.../People
believe
that...，意为“人们相信/认为……”。
①The
house
was
believed
to
be
built
in
1735.
＝It
is
believed
that
the
house
was
built
in
1735.
＝People
believe
that
the
house
was
built
in
1735.
人们认为这所房子建于1735年。
除believe外，用于此句型的词还有say，think，estimate，suggest，know，report等。
②Thirteen
is
said(say)
to
be
an
unlucky
number.
据说13是一个不吉利的数字。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It
is
said
that
the
new
company
is
in
great
need
of
skilled(skill)
workers.
2．A
study
shows
that
many
passengers
basically(basic)
have
no
consciousness
that
they
should
wear
a
seat
belt.
3．The
president
is
reported(report)
to
visit
Europe
next
month.
4．It
seems
to
me
that
money
is
a
strong
motivation(motivate)
for
people.
5．The
newly?built
skyscrapers
put
the
old
buildings
in
the
shade.
6．I
often
saw
the
old
couple
walking
along
the
road
hand
in
hand.
7．Judging
the
appeal
of
a
person's
inner
beauty
is
much
more
subjective(subject)．
8．This
disturbing(disturb)
news
really
upset
me
so
that
I
couldn't
sleep
well.
9．Throughout
history，advertising
has
been
all
effective(effect)
ways
to
promote
the
trading
and
selling
of
goods.
10．The
book
is
of
great
value
to
me.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．据说这个问题已经解决了。
The
problem
is
said
to
have
been
settled．
2．看起来这里的水好像不干净，不适合游泳。
It
looks
as
if
it
isn't
clean
enough
to
swim
here.
3．我不想听你说，我对此不感兴趣。
I
don't
want
to
hear
what
you
are
saying；
it
is
of
no
interest
to
me.
4．即使明天下雨，他们也要去郊游。
Even
if
it
rains
tomorrow,
they
will
still
go
for
an
outing.
5．他们就去哪儿过暑假的问题争论不休。
They
argued
with
each
other
about
where
to
spend
their
summer
vacation．
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