江苏省泰州市中考英语二轮复习词性专题-名词等讲解与练习(10份含答案)

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名称 江苏省泰州市中考英语二轮复习词性专题-名词等讲解与练习(10份含答案)
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更新时间 2020-12-21 06:53:39

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中考词性专题-动词(一)
释义:
动词是英语中最核心的词类,历来是英语考试中考查频率最高、比重最大的实词,可以说掌握好了动词,就具备了在英语考试中取得成功的基础。在选拔性的考试中,重在考查在具体的语境中动词的辨析,主要包括同义、近义动词词义以及动词短语的辨析,是考试中的难点之一。因此,考生在平时的英语学习中要重视对动词及动词词组的学习、理解、整理和记忆,不断积累动词相关知识,进而在考试时做到得心应手。
考察方式
系动词:be动词;
保持:keep,stay,remain;
感官类:look,sound,feel,taste,smell等;其他:seem,appear,turn
out,prove等。使用规则:1.除be动词之外,其他也属于实意动词;2.系动词后面接形容词作表语。还有变化类动词:be/become/go/get/turn/
助动词:以do/does/did为主,通常在否定句和疑问句中才出现;强调句中也可出现。(助动词的否定形式是放在谓语动词前的,比如说:don’t
ask
sb.
to
do
sth.
/
ask
sb.
Not
to
do
sth.

情态动词:使用规则:1.在完整句子中后面必须接谓语动词;2.接动词原形;3.不接名词;4.疑问句和否定句借助自身;5.无三单形式(情态动词注意本身是有意义的,做题时需根据所需意思进行判断。)
实意/行为动词:(1)可分为及物和不及物,判断标准是能否直接接宾语;也可分为短暂和延续(短暂和延续性动词主要是和时态及搭配相关的。持续性动词一般和完成时连用比较多,疑问词用how
long;
而短暂性动词一般与完成时之外的时态连用,疑问词用when。)
(2)使用规则:1.及物动词必须接宾语;2.通常不接动词原形;3.疑问和否定句要借助助动词;4.有三单形式
动词的考察点主要是和时态,语态,人称和数相关的。
实战演练之时态
(2020泰州中考)9.
Some
primary
and
secondary
schools
______
winter
sports
to
their
courses
since
Beijing
won
the
right
to
host
the
2022
Winter
Olympic
Games.
A.
added
B.
will
add
C.
have
added
D.
were
adding
(2019泰州中考)9.
-Have
you
ever
been
to
Shanghai?
-Of
course.
Actually,
I
_________there
for
six
years
but
now
I
live
in
Taizhou.
A.
worked
B.
was
working
C.
would
work
D.
have
worked
(2018泰州中考)9.
—Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
our
hometown
over
the
past
years.
—Yeah.
Things
______different
when
we
were
young.
A.
have
been
B.
are
C.
will
be
D.
were
(2017泰州中考)9.
—Did
you
hear
the
strange
noise
next
door
around
10
o’clock
last
night?
—No,
I
______
my
favorite
TV
programme
in
my
bedroom.
A.
watch
B.
watched
C.
was
watching
D.
am
watching
(2016泰州中考)4.
Lunar
Probe(
月球探测器)
Chang'e-5________
into
space
this
year.
It
will
land
on
the
moon
and
return
with
lunar
samples(样品).
A.
sends
B.
will
be
sent
C.
will
send
D.
is
sent中考词性专题-连词
并列连词:可以连接单词、短语和句子,可以表示并列关系、转折关系、选择关系、因果关系,包括and,
or,
but,
for等
从属连词:通过引导一个从句,修饰或说明主句。主要出现在名词性从句(初中阶段就是宾语从句)和状语从句中,包括引导宾语从句的that,if,
whether,
where,
who,
when,
why,
how,
what等及引导状语从句中表时间的when/as/since,
表原因的why/since/as/because/for,表结果的
so...that,
表目的的so
that/in
order
that,
表地点的where,
表让步的though/although,
表条件的if/unless等.
And
:
并列关系
Or:
选择关系
But:
转折关系
So:
因果关系
考察方式
连词的词义,以及在题目中前后句的搭配,以单选题为主
实战演练
(2020泰州中考)11.
Father
is
too
tired
today.
Don’t
call
him
______
it
is
necessary.
A.
if
B.
unless
C.
when
D.
whether
(2018泰州中考)8.
Be
patient!
Give
him
more
time,______he
will
find
the
answer
to
the
question
on
his
own.
A.
but
B.
or
C.
and
D.
so
(2018泰州中考)10.
—Good
news!
China
won
a
gold
at
PyeongChang
Winter
Olympic
Games.
—______,we
won
six
silvers.
A.
Moreover
B.
However
C.
Instead
D.
Otherwise
(2017泰州中考)11.
---What
do
you
think
of
my
article,
Mr.
Andrew?
---Er…,
it
is
wonderful
_______
there
are
some
spelling
mistakes.
A.
since
B.
though
C.
if
D.
while
(2016泰州中考)13.
--The
novel
seems
a
little
boring.
--You
won't
enjoy
it
_________
you
put
your
heart
into
it.
A.
when
B.
if
C.
after
D.
unless中考词性专题-数词
释义:表示数目多少或者顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的叫基数词,表述顺序的数词叫序数词。
考察方式
基数词:表示数量,超过1则后面的名词要用复数形式;表示几时几刻用基数词。
序数词:表示顺序,前面通常用the,后面通常加名词的单数形式
常考点:
易错写法:five-fifth,eight-eighth,
nine-ninth,
twelve-twelfth
基数词变为序数词的口诀:
一二三,特殊记(first
,
second,
third):
ve要用f替(five-fifth,
twelve-twelfth),
eight
去t,
nine去e(eight-eighth,
nine-ninth),
ty改成tie(thirty-thirtieth),
最后th通通加上去。
要是遇上几十几,只变个位就可以(twenty-first)
2.
hundred/thousand/million/billion:
具体数字用
数字+hundred;
概数用
hundreds
+
of

另外需要注意某一群体中的多少个,用
数字
+
hundred
+
of
+
the
/
形容词性物主代词
+
名词。
几十岁:表示三十多岁的时候用
in
one’s
thirties;
表示生日的时候用the
thirtieth
birthday
倍数的表示方法。
实战演练
(2019泰州中考)67.
In
his
__________
(eighty),
I.
M.
Pei
(贝堇铭)
designed
Suzhou
museum
for
his
hometown.
(2018泰州中考)70.
All
the
family
members
are
busy
getting
ready
for
my
father’s
_______(forty)
birthday
party.
(2017泰州中考)62.
Taizhou
is
an
old
city
with
a
long
history
of
more
than
two
_______
(千)
years.
(2015泰州中考)66.
The
(thirty-one)
Olympics
will
be
held
in
Brazil(巴西)in
2016.
(2013泰州中考)8.
We
organized
a
lot
of
activities
to
celebrate
our
school's
______
(fifty)
birthday
25.__
_?people?went?to?the?concert?which?was?held?in?People’s?Square?_
_the?night?of?May?Day.
A.?Thousands?of,?in
?B.?Thousand?,?on
C.?Many?thousand,?in?
D.?Thousands?of,?on中考词性专题-代词
释义:代词仍然是中考考查热点,代词的语境及所含的逻辑关系是备考的重点。英语中代词的考查主要集中在:复合不定代词something的用法;one和those替代词的用法;it作形式宾语的用法;either,
neither,
both
,any,
none,
no
one等代词的相互区别。
考察方式
人称代词:分为主格和宾格,宾格形式不能作主语。(主要的考察方式就是主格和宾格,单数和复数)
物主代词:分为名词性和形容词性,名词性后面不能再接名词,形容词性后面必须接名词。(名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。
形容词性物主代词的意思是“……的”;
名词性物主代词是“……的……”)
反身代词:使用规则:1.不能单独做主语;2.通常和对应的人称代词连用(意思是……自己,考察时区分出意思及单复数的变化即可。考察题型主要是单选题和词汇填空题)
疑问/连接/关系代词:可以延伸到宾语从句和定语从句中,这类代词在疑问句或者从句中通常做主语或者宾语,也可以做表语或者宾语(得分点在于弄清楚每个代词的含义,注意宾语从句中连接词作主语时,语序不变。)
不定代词:主要是类似something的代词。使用规则:1.谓语动词用单数;2.定语后置
指示代词:this/these和that/those。初中阶段需要注意的是在对比的时候通常用that/those(弄清楚本身含义及单复数即可)
不定代词涉及的it的特殊用法
(1)指刚刚提到过的事物,也可指不表示性别的婴儿,或要说明某人的身份或情况时指人:
一Who's
that?
一It's
Miss
Liu,
our
physics
teacher.一那是谁?一是我们的物理老师刘老师。
(2)表示时间、天气、距离、温度等:It's
New
Year's
Day.今天是元旦。It
has
been
raining
for
three
days.雨已下了三天了。
(3)可作形式主语、形式宾语代替从句或不定式、动名词等:He
wanted
to
make
it
clear
that
he
didn't
want
to
waste
any
time
on
the
topic
with
me.他想向我表明他不想再在那个题目上浪费时间。
形式主语:
It
is+ad
j.
+
(
for
sb
)
to
do
sth:
It's
easy
for
him
to
swim
across
the
river.游过这条河对他来说轻而易举。
It
takes
somebody
some
time
to
do
something:
It
takes
David
two
hours
to
drive
from
here
to
his
hometown.
形式宾语:
V.
+
it
+
adj.
+
to
do
something:
Many
students
find
it
difficult
to
learn
English
very
well.
实战演练
(2020泰州中考)2.
—Who
is
at
the
door
?
—A
deliveryman(
快递员)
or
______
wanting
to
sell
his
new
products.
A.
everybody
B.
anybody
C.
somebody
D.
nobody
(2019泰州中考)4.
-You
look
pale
today,
Madam!
What's
the
matter
with
you?
-
___________
serious.
Just
a
cold.
A.
Something
B.
Anything
C.
Nothing
D.
Everything
(2018泰州中考)11.
—More
and
more
people
give
out
“red
packets”
on
WeChat
to
celebrate
festivals.
—That’s
true.
I
have
just
received_______
from
my
friend.
A.
it
B.
that
C.
one
D.
them
(2017泰州中考)4.
He
got
up
to
get
some
hot
water
but
found
there
was
______
left
in
the
bottle.
A.
a
few
B.
few
C.
a
little
D.
little
(2016泰州中考)(
)9.
--Is
there_________
else
in
the
classroom?
-
-It
is
empty,
_________is
listening
to
a
speech
in
the
school
hall.
A.
anyone;
Anyone
B.
anyone;
Everyone
C.
everyone;
Anyone
D.
everyone;
Everyone中考词性专题-动词(二)
释义:
动词是英语中最核心的词类,历来是英语考试中考查频率最高、比重最大的实词,可以说掌握好了动词,就具备了在英语考试中取得成功的基础。在选拔性的考试中,重在考查在具体的语境中动词的辨析,主要包括同义、近义动词词义以及动词短语的辨析,是考试中的难点之一。因此,考生在平时的英语学习中要重视对动词及动词词组的学习、理解、整理和记忆,不断积累动词相关知识,进而在考试时做到得心应手。
考察方式
系动词:be动词;
保持:keep,stay,remain;
感官类:look,sound,feel,taste,smell等;其他:seem,appear,turn
out,prove等。使用规则:1.除be动词之外,其他也属于实意动词;2.系动词后面接形容词作表语。还有变化类动词:be/become/go/get/turn/
助动词:以do/does/did为主,通常在否定句和疑问句中才出现;强调句中也可出现。(助动词的否定形式是放在谓语动词前的,比如说:don’t
ask
sb.
to
do
sth.
/
ask
sb.
Not
to
do
sth.

情态动词:使用规则:1.在完整句子中后面必须接谓语动词;2.接动词原形;3.不接名词;4.疑问句和否定句借助自身;5.无三单形式(情态动词注意本身是有意义的,做题时需根据所需意思进行判断。)
实意/行为动词:(1)可分为及物和不及物,判断标准是能否直接接宾语;也可分为短暂和延续(短暂和延续性动词主要是和时态及搭配相关的。持续性动词一般和完成时连用比较多,疑问词用how
long;
而短暂性动词一般与完成时之外的时态连用,疑问词用when。)
(2)使用规则:1.及物动词必须接宾语;2.通常不接动词原形;3.疑问和否定句要借助助动词;4.有三单形式
动词的考察点主要是和时态,语态,人称和数相关的。
实战演练之词义辨析
(2020泰州中考)5.
—Song
of
Autumn
by
Liu
Yuxi
describes
autumn
in
a
different
way.
—I
agree.
Most
poets
(诗人)
describe
this
season
to
______
a
feeling
of
sadness,
but
in
Liu’s
eyes
autumn
is
full
of
life
and
hope.
excuse
B.
express
C.
expect
D.
explain
(2020泰州中考)63.
A
stranger
______
(主动提出)
to
give
her
a
ride
on
the
street,
but
she
refused
politely.
(2019泰州中考)3.
After
the
terrible
explosion(爆炸)
in
Xiangshui,
Yancheng,
many
people
from
cities
around
came
to
hospitals
to
_________blood.
A.
devote
B.
create
C.
donate
D.
celebrate
(2019泰州中考)65.
President
Xi
Jinping
__________
(颁发)
the
Top
Science
Award
to
Liu
Yongtan
and
Qian
Qihu
for
their
great
contributions
to
science
and
technology
in
January,
2019.
(2018泰州中考)4.
Many
tourists
prefer
five-star
hotels
because
they
think
expensive
hotels
always_____
guests
with
better
service.
A.
prevent
B.
protect
C.
present
D.
provide
(2016泰州中考)63.At
my
first
art
show,a
famous
professor
praised
me
and 
 (鼓励)me
to
keep
trying
and
make
more
wonderful
pictures.中考词性专题-冠词
释义:在中国古代汉语里面,冠词是指帽子。所以冠词其实就是指名词的帽子,是与名词一起出现的。位置上多半置于名词、名词词组或名词化的形容词之前
考察方式:
不定冠词:包括a/an,是泛指,通常翻译成“一个...”;两者之间的判断标准是单词或者字母的第一个发音是否为元音。其中26个字母单独拿出来要用an的包括a,
e,
f,
h,
i,
l,
m,
n,
o,
r,
s,
x
定冠词:the
是特指,通常翻译成“这...,
那...”。定冠词既可修饰可数,也可修饰不可数;既可修饰单数,也可修饰复数
零冠词:主要是从使用角度的分类,是名词前不用冠词的集合
不定冠词:
字母:an
+
A
E
F
H
I
L
M
N
O
R
S
X
;
a
+
B
C
D
G
J
K
P
Q
T
U
V
W
Y
Z
数字:
an
+
eight
/
eleven
/
eighteen
/
等以八开头的数字;
其他的用a
单词:
字母u
的两个不同发音,前面所用冠词不同。
另外须注意的是首字母不发音的单词,比如说hour,
honest
这种。
定冠词做题时需注意特指和固定搭配即可。
做题方法:一……用a/an,
这/
那用the,
固定搭配根据实际使用情况来定。
【中考真题】
(2020泰州中考)1.
It’s
______
pity
that
many
wild
animals
are
now
in
danger.
Please
have
______
pity
on
them
since
they
are
part
of
our
big
family.
A.
a;
/
B.
a;
a
C.
/;
a
D.
/;
/
(2019泰州中考)1.
As
_______volunteer
at
the
Beijing
Expo
2019
(园艺博览会),Lu
Ming
understands
_________idea
of
green
life
better
than
before.
A.
a;
an
B.
a;
the
C.
the;
an
D.
the;
the
(2018泰州中考)1.
Among
all
Chinese
traditional
arts,
Nancy
likes
_
Beijing
Opera
best
because
it
is
really_____
fun.
A.
/;
a
B.
/

/
C.
the;
a
D.
the;
/
(2017泰州中考)1.
Dangal(《摔跤吧!爸爸》),
_______
Indian
film,
has
become
one
of
_______
most
popular
films
in
China.
A.
a;
/
B.
a;
the
C.
an;
the
D.
/;
the
(2016泰州中考)1.When
leaders
of
Chinese
mainland(大陆)and
Taiwan
met
in
Singapore
for_____first
time
since
1949,President
Xi
said,"Today
will
be
remembered
in______history."
A.the;the
B.the;/
C./;/
D./;the
(2015泰州中考)1.
“Running
Man”
is
________
very
popular
TV
program
in
China.
One
of
________
most
famous
actresses,
Angelababy,
always
appears
in
it.
A.
a;/  B.
the;
the  C.
a;
the  D.
the;
/中考词性专题-名词
释义:名词表示人载事物的名称,可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或与介词构成介词短语等它遍布在单项选择、完形填空、词汇等考项中,因而掌握名词的用法是很重要的。
名词复数形式规则变化
名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分。而可数名词又有单数和复数之分。
(1)一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s,如:books,caps,trees。
(2)以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es,如:glasses,boxes,watches,brushes。
(3)以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,把y改为i,再加-es。如:stories,
countries。
(4)以-o结尾的名词变为复数时,常在词尾加-s,但中学英语中下列名词要加-es,它们是黑人英雄在回声中吃土豆、西红柿,即Negroes,heroes,echoes,potatoes,tomatoes。
但下列以-o结尾的名词既可以加-es,也可以加-s,它们是:zeros(zeroes)零,mosquitos
(
mosquitoes)蚊子,volcanos
(
volcanoes)火山。
(5)以-f或-fe结尾的名词变为复数时,一般直接加-s,但下列以-f或-fe结尾的名词需把f或fe去掉,加-ves,它们是:为了自己活命,小偷和他的妻子手里拿着刀子和一片树叶站在架子上,把狼劈成两半,即selves,lives,thieves,wives,knives,loaves,leaves,shelves,wolves,halves。
但下列以-f结尾的名词既可以变f为v后加-es,也可以直接在f后加-s,它们是:handkerchiefs(handkerchieves)手帕,scarfs(scarves)围巾。
(6)合成名词变复数时,通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数,如果没有主体名词,则将最后一部分变为复数。如:sons-in-law女婿;passers-by过路人;storytellers讲故事的人;housewives家庭主妇。
(7)“man
/woman+n.”变复数时,作定语的man
/woman和中心词都要变复数。如:men
teachers男老师,women
engineers女工程师。
3.
不规则复数形式
(1)变内部元音:foot-feet脚
man-men男人
woman-women女人
tooth-teeth牙
mouse-mice老鼠
(2)单复数同形的名词:sheep绵羊
deer鹿
考察方式
专有名词:书写时注意首字母大写,且通常不和冠词连用
普通名词:分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词又分为个体名词和集体名词。不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词。
使用规则:
1.个体名词数量超过1,则用复数名词;
2.个体名词通常和冠词连用,若无冠词,则用复数形式
(可数名词和不可数名词的区分方法:切分开之后还用原单词表示的就是不可数名词,比如说water。
分开之后用不同的名词表述的就是可数名词,比如说book。)
可数名词考察点:(1)单数形式一般和冠词连用
(具体使用规则看冠词相关内容讲解)
复数形式
单数变复数的规则
普通名词还需注意名词所有格:考点分为单重所有格(’s或者of)和双重所有格(of
+
‘s/
名词性物主代词

不可数名词注意量的表示方法。
注意有些名词既可以作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词。比如说:exercise(作练习讲时是可数名词,作锻炼讲时是不可数名词)。Experience(作经历讲时是可数名词,作经验讲时是不可数名词。)
实战演练
(  )1.—Could
you
tell
me
something
about
the
boy
who
helped
you
just
now?
—Sorry,
I
know
nothing
about
him.We
are
________.
A.friends
B.neighbors
C.classmates
D.strangers
(  )2.—I'm
quite
thirsty
now.
—Would
you
like
some
________?
A.juice
B.fish
C.noodles
D.potatoes
(  )3.Our
school
held
an
activity
called
“Recommend
Books
to
Your
Teachers”.The
students
made
a
________
of
1,000
books.
A.note
B.line
C.menu
D.list
(  )4.—Tommy,
you
can
never
let
others
know
what
I
have
told
you
today.
—Don't
worry.I
will
keep
the
________.
A.secret
B.money
C.address
D.grade
(  )5.We
need
to
come
up
with
a/an
________
and
make
a
decision
at
once.
A.information
B.advice
C.idea
D.news
(  )6.The
boy
was
so
hungry
that
he
ate
________.
A.three
bowls
of
rices
B.three
bowl
of
rice
C.three
bowl
of
rices
D.three
bowls
of
rice
(  )7.I'm
not
sure
about
the
meaning
of
the
word.You'd
better
look
it
up
in
a
________.
A.letter
B.dictionary
C.postcard
D.notice
(  )8.________
mothers
can't
go
to
the
meeting,
because
they
have
gone
to
New
York
on
business.
A.Alice
and
Lily's
B.Alice's
and
Lily's
C.Alice's
and
Lily
D.Alice
and
Lily
(  )9.It's
said
that
more
than
100
________
will
attend
Women's
100?metre
race
in
Shanghai.
A.boys
students
B.girl
students
C.boy
student
D.girl
student
(  )10.I
don't
think
looking
after
children
is
just
________
work.
A.woman
B.woman's
C.women
D.women's中考词性专题-形容词
释义:形容词是用来修饰名词的,主要是用作表语,定语,补语。主要会考查形容词副词的比较等级、形容词的位置、同义近义形容词副词的辨析、含有形容词的一些特殊句型和固定短语等。
考察形式:
考察方式
通常翻译成“...的”,典型例子有able的词性
所作的成分:形容词主要是作定语,分为前置和后置;表语,放在系动词之后;宾补,通常和keep/make等词连用。副词主要是以状语为主,也可以做表语、定语和宾补
形容词作定语时通常修饰名词,也可修饰不定代词;副词作状语是通常修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或者全句
级别:原级、比较级和最高级
形容词词形转换:通常+ly变成副词。但是也有以ly结尾是形容词的,比如friendly,
lonely,
silly,
daily等
副词分类:包括时间、地点方式等等。其中的疑问/连接/关系副词只是在句子中作状语,而不是主语或者宾语这种主要成分
副词位置:主要是enough作副词时的位置(放在所修饰的形容词/副词之后)
原级:as
+
原级
+
as;
the
same
as
/be
different
from
比较级:
1.
比较级/
more
+
原级
+
than
2.
the
+
比较级
+
of
+
the
+
两者
3.
比较级
and
比较级,
表示越来越……
4.
the
+
比较级,
the
+
比较级,
表示越……,
越……
最高级:
The/形容词性物主代词
+
最高级
One
of
the
+
最高级
表示“最……之一”
The
+
序数词
+
最高级
表示
“第几个最……的

实战演练
(2020泰州中考)4.
It’s
a
______
idea
to
build
cabin
hospitals
(方舱医院)
to
receive
patients
during
the
outbreak
of
COVID-19
(新冠肺炎).
cheerful
B.
classical
C.
creative
D.
curious
(2020泰州中考)65.
Chinas
fight
against
COVID-19
gives
the
world
______
(宝贵的)experience.
(2019泰州中考)63.
Now
in
China,
more
and
more
people
are
willing
to
use
Huawei's
products
instead
of___________
(外国的)
ones.
(2018泰州中考)2.
It’s
_____for
you
to
keep
secrets
for
your
friends.
In
this
way,you
can
win
their
trust.
strange
B.
necessary
C.
possible
D.
lucky
(2018泰州中考)65.
The
Hong
Kong—Zhuhai—Macao
is
considered
as
one
of
the
“seven
wonders
of
the
______(现代的)
world.

(2017泰州中考)3.
My
little
sister
is
a(n)
______
girl
and
she
always
asks
me
different
kinds
of
strange
questions.
A.
curious
B.
creative
C.
energetic
D.
attractive
(2017泰州中考)65.
We
all
feel
________
(骄傲的)
that
China
put
its
first
homemade
aircraft
carrier
(国产航空母舰)
in
water
on
April
26,
2017.
(2016泰州中考)3.
Simon
used
to
be
_______,
but
now
he
takes
part
in
different
activities
and
has
made
many
new
friends.
A.
honest
B.
lively
C.
active
D.
quiet
(2016泰州中考)64.The 
 (直达的)flight
from
Yangzhou
and
Taizhou
to
Korea
was
opened
on
April
8,2016.中考词性专题-介词
介词
释义:对介词的考点主要集中在介词的基本用法上,即与名词搭配组成介词短语和与动词措配组成动词短语的用法。介词虽然是一种虚词,自身不能单独充当句子成分,但它是英语中最活跃、最难掌握的词类之一。介词与名词、形容词、副词、动词都有特定的措配,那些固定短语必须熟记。
考察方式
分类:可分为时间、地点、方位、方式等等
使用规则:1.
介词后面必须接宾语;2.
后面接doing做宾语,注意一定是宾语,而不是肯定接doing;3.介词通常要和be动词或者实意动词搭配使用
时间介词:
at
+
时间点
at+具体时刻
in
+
长时间段(比如说年,季节,月份等)
in>1天
On
+
短时间段(比如说周几,或者哪天的上下午)
on
≤1天
On
+
具体某一天的上下午
地点介词:
At
+
小地点
In
+
大地点(比如说:
arrive
at
the
Suzhou
Station;
arrive
in
Suzhou)
方位介词:
On
有接触的,接壤
In

……
里面
To
不接触,不接壤
Pass=
动词
+
past;
cross
=
动词
+
across
On/above/under/below/beside
Above:
楼层的高于;
温度高于
Below:
楼层的低于;
温度低于
(在考试中比较难的是against,
beyond,
opposite,
through这几个介词,意思是动词,但实际需要考察的却是介词)
实战演练
(2020泰州中考)6.
—Andy
practiced
hardest
among
us
and
he
won
first
prize
in
the
competition.
—A
dream
can’t
come
true
______
hard
work.
A.
by
B.
across
C.
over
D.
with
(2019泰州中考)5.
Ladies
and
Gentlemen,
welcome
to
Beijing!!
And
if
you
need
any
help,
please
call
me
_________010-5558
6390.
A.
at
B.
on
C.
with
D.
by
(2018泰州中考)7.
Mum
won’
t
let
Simon
go
out
unless
he
promises
to
be
back
______10
o’
clock
tonight.
A.
till
B.
before
C.
as
D.
since
(2017泰州中考)7.
—If
someone
is
______
your
way,
what
will
you
do?
—I
will
wait
until
he
or
she
moves
instead
of
pushing
past.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
by
D.
along
(2017泰州中考)64.
My
mother
goes
shopping
every
week—there
is
a
shopping
mall
just
________
(在……对面)
our
house.
(2016泰州中考)10.
-
-As
a
nurse,
her
work
goes
_________
taking
care
of
her
patients.
--Yes,
she
always
thinks
of
others.
A.
beyond
B.
beside
C.
behind
D.
between中考词性专题-动词(三)
释义:
动词是英语中最核心的词类,历来是英语考试中考查频率最高、比重最大的实词,可以说掌握好了动词,就具备了在英语考试中取得成功的基础。在选拔性的考试中,重在考查在具体的语境中动词的辨析,主要包括同义、近义动词词义以及动词短语的辨析,是考试中的难点之一。因此,考生在平时的英语学习中要重视对动词及动词词组的学习、理解、整理和记忆,不断积累动词相关知识,进而在考试时做到得心应手。
考察方式
系动词:be动词;
保持:keep,stay,remain;
感官类:look,sound,feel,taste,smell等;其他:seem,appear,turn
out,prove等。使用规则:1.除be动词之外,其他也属于实意动词;2.系动词后面接形容词作表语。还有变化类动词:be/become/go/get/turn/
助动词:以do/does/did为主,通常在否定句和疑问句中才出现;强调句中也可出现。(助动词的否定形式是放在谓语动词前的,比如说:don’t
ask
sb.
to
do
sth.
/
ask
sb.
Not
to
do
sth.

情态动词:使用规则:1.在完整句子中后面必须接谓语动词;2.接动词原形;3.不接名词;4.疑问句和否定句借助自身;5.无三单形式(情态动词注意本身是有意义的,做题时需根据所需意思进行判断。)
实意/行为动词:(1)可分为及物和不及物,判断标准是能否直接接宾语;也可分为短暂和延续(短暂和延续性动词主要是和时态及搭配相关的。持续性动词一般和完成时连用比较多,疑问词用how
long;
而短暂性动词一般与完成时之外的时态连用,疑问词用when。)
(2)使用规则:1.及物动词必须接宾语;2.通常不接动词原形;3.疑问和否定句要借助助动词;4.有三单形式
动词的考察点主要是和时态,语态,人称和数相关的。
实战演练之动词搭配
(2020泰州中考)12.
Sandy
seldom
goes
out
at
weekends
because
reading
______
most
of
her
free
time.
A.
take
up
B.
takes
on
C.
takes
off
D.
takes
out
(2020泰州中考)67.
—Could
you
tell
me
what
the
sign
means
?
—Keep
distance
in
public
places
to
avoid
______
(catch)
a
virus.
(2019泰州中考)11.
A
forest
fire
_____________
at
the
end
of
March
in
Liangshan,
Sichuan
Province.
Firemen
rushed
into
the
mountains
but
27
of
them
never
came
back.
A.
turned
out
B.
carried
out
C.
put
out
D.
broke
out
(2018泰州中考)14.—Simon
failed
the
exam
again.
—That’s
not
surprising.
Computer
games
_____too
much
of
his
time.
A.
take
in
B.
take
on
C.
take
off
D.
take
up
(2017泰州中考)14.
Before
you
choose
a
book,
you'd
better
_______
the
first
few
pages
to
know
whether
it
is
too
easy
or
too
difficult
for
you.
A.
look
out
B.
look
after
C.
look
through
D.
look
for
(2017泰州中考)68.
Some
middle
school
students
don't
know
how
________
(keep)
a
balance
between
study
and
play.
(2016泰州中考)(
)
6.
Firemen
in
Jingjiang
together
with
those
from
other
areas,
successfully
the
big
fire
after
sixteen
hours'
hard
work.
A.
put
in
B.
put
through
C.
put
up
D.
put
out