2020-2021学年人教版高一上学期英语期末单元测试：：必修1 Unit4 Earthquakes Word版含解析

必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes
单元 题目 步骤（过程） 形式（题型）
Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元词汇总识 单词测写

单元语法测试 完成句子

单元语篇回顾 语法填空

单元综合能力检测 完形填空


阅读理解


书面表达
一．单元词汇总识(单词测写)
earthquake n. __________
quake n. __________
right away __________
well n. __________
△crack n. vt. & vi. __________
△smelly adj. __________
△farmyard n. __________
pipe n. __________
burst vi. (burst, burst) n. __________
million n. __________
event n. __________
as if __________
at an end __________
nation n. __________
canal n. __________
steam n. __________
dirt n. __________
ruin n. vt.
in ruins
suffering n. __________
extreme adj. __________
injure vt. __________
△survivor n. __________
destroy vt. __________
brick n. __________
dam n. __________
track n. __________
useless adj. __________
shock vt. & vi. n. __________
rescue n. & vt. __________
trap vt. n. __________
electricity n. __________
disaster n. __________
dig out __________
bury vt. __________
mine n. __________
miner n. __________
shelter n. __________
a (great) number of __________
title n. __________
reporter n. __________
bar n. __________
damage n. & vt. __________
frighten vt. __________
frightened adj. __________
frightening adj. __________
congratulation n. __________
judge n. __________
sincerely adv. __________
express vt. n. __________
outline n. __________
headline n. __________
cyclist n. __________
51、get along with __________
52、△gossip vi. & n. __________
53、fall in love __________
54、exactly adv. __________
55、disagree vi. __________
56、grateful adj. __________
57、dislike n. & vt. __________
58、join in __________
59、tip n. vt. __________
60、△secondly adv. __________
61、swap vt. __________
62、item n. __________
二．单元语法测试(完成句子)
1．Look, they are climbing up a mountain,____________________(在它顶上屹立着一座古老庙宇).
2．Washer is a machine _________________(用它我们洗衣服)or a person who is washing.
3．Who is the man ________________________(你刚才在操场和他握手)?
4．He has four sons, ______________________________(他们全部都是那个偏僻山村里的高级教师).
5．The day _________________(在那天我第一次遇见他)was the first of May on the Great Wall.
6．The reason ___________________(为什么这事情会这样)is now clear. I don't need to explain it once more.
7．The way ___________________(他们被对待) hurt their feelings, in the opinion of me.
8．Here is a piece of paper _________________________(在上面写着那本书的标题) The Arabian Nights.
9．The primary school ______________________(在孩提时代我在那里学习) had very little equipment.
10．Mary was the girl _____________________________________(在初中我和她一起看电影的).
三．单元语篇回顾(语法填空)
1.____________ July 28,1976，eleven kilometres directly below the city of Tangshan，the 2.____________ (great) earthquake of 3.____________ 20th century began.In fifteen terrible seconds，a large city 4.____________(lie) in ruins.Two－thirds of the people died 5.____________ were injured.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left 6.____________ parents.Everywhere the 7.____________(survive) found nearly everything was destroyed.People began to wonder how long the disaster 8.____________(last)．All hope was not lost.Many soldiers 9.____________(send) there to help the rescue workers.10.____________(slow)，the city began to breathe again.
四．综合能力检测(完形填空、阅读理解和书面表达)
1.【完形填空】
Earthquakes are 1 ， and thousands of them happen each day. But most are too weak to feel. During a 2 earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth 3 terribly and many houses 4 down. Railway tracks break and trains go 5 lines; a great many factories are 6 ； thousands of deaths are caused, and many more lose homes... 7 the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake 8 ， other disasters such as fires often 9 . More buildings are destroyed and more 10 are caused.
It is well known of the 11 of a possible earthquake, and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes. More than 2,000 years ago， 12 ， a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng 13 a machine which could find out from which 14 the seismic waves had come, and this machine is still 15 by scientists today. Now we know much more about earthquakes and 16 they happen, but we still cannot 17 exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and cannot 18 it from happening. So earthquakes are among the 19 disasters in the world.
No one can stop natural earthquakes. 20 ， scientists can help stop earthquakes destroying the whole cities and causing too many deaths.
1．A．common B．unusual C．strange D．familiar
2．A．real B．weak C．big D．small
3．A．moves B．shakes C．jumps D．breaks
4．A．get B．put C．set D．fall
5．A．off B．on C．into D．behind
6．A．burst B．struck C．destroyed D．buried
7．A．Except B．Besides C．Instead of D．Because of
8．A．lonely B．later C．themselves D．itself
9．A．follow B．copy C．come D．enter
10．A．quakes B．deaths C．difficulties D．results
11．A．information B．questions C．dangers D．frights
12．A．as a result B．in fact C．for example D．as well
13．A．invented B．discovered C．found D．bought
14．A．country B．direction C．way D．city
15．A．improved B．repaire C．protected D．used
16．A．where B．when C．what D．why
17．A．speak B．tell C．talk D．point
18．A．make B．prepare C．stop D．let
19．A．worst B．best C．most D．fast
20．A．However B．But C．And D．So
2.【阅读理解】
There was once a captain who loved money so much that he cheated his sailors at the end of every voyage and took their wages.
On the last day of one voyage, the ship was in a small port. It was winter time, and the sea was very cold, so the captain said to his sailors, "If one of you stays in the water during the whole night, I will give him my ship. But if he comes out before the sun appears, I shall get his wages."
The sailors had heard about the captain's cheating, so they didn't trust him. But then one of them, who thought that he was cleverer than the captain, said that he would do it. He got into the water, and, though it was very cold, he stayed in it. When it was nearly morning, some fishermen lit a fire on the shore about half a mile away.
"You are cheating," the captain said to the sailor. "The fire's warming you."
"But it's half a mile away!" said the sailor.
"A fire's fire," answered the captain. "I have won."
The sailor came out of the water, and said, "Perhaps you think that you are clever because you have won my wages, but you can't cook a chicken."
"I can," answered the captain.
"If you cook this chicken," said the sailor, "I shall work for you without wages for seven years, but if you can't, you will give me your ship."
The captain agreed, took the chicken and said, "Where's the fire?"
"There it is," answered the sailor. "On the shore."
"But it's half a mile away," said the captain angrily.
"A fire's fire,' you said," answered the sailor. "If it is enough to warm me in the water, it is enough to cook your chicken."
21．The captain got the sailors' wages ________.
A．to buy a chicken for himself
B．and kept the money for future use
C．by cheating him
D．and said he would return the money soon
22．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．All the sailors refused to get into the water because it was too cold.
B．The captain knew that the fire the fishermen made was enough to warm the sailor in the water.
C．The captain succeeded in cheating the sailor.
D．It was the sailor who was cleverer.
23．The captain insisted that the fire was warming the sailor because he ________.
A．didn't want to lose the bet
B．didn't believe the sailor's success
C．wanted to keep his promise
D．wanted to show his cleverness
24．Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A．The sailors didn't trust the captain.
B．In order to help the sailor in the water, the fishermen made a fire.
C．The captain failed to cheat the sailor this time.
D．The sailor didn't get out of the water before the sun appeared.
25．What is the title of the story?
A．How a Captain Cheated His Sailor
B．How a Sailor Got a Ship
C．A Brave Sailor
D．A Fire Is Fire
3.【书面表达】
某海外学校举办英语夏令营，开设了如下课程：园艺 (gardening)，烹饪 (cooking)，自救 (self-rescue)，护理 (nursing)。假如你是王华，写一封申请信，报名参加其中一门课程的学习。信的内容必须包括：
1. 你感兴趣的课程；
2. 你期望从这门课程中学到什么；
3. 为什么想学这些内容。
要求：1. 不要逐字逐句翻译，可适当增加情节；2. 词数100左右，不含已给出的。
Dear Sir,
I am very glad that your school will hold the English Summer Camp that contains many courses, such as gardening, cooking, self-rescue, nursing and so on.
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Wang Hua
答案
一．单元词汇总识(单词测写)
earthquake n. 地震
quake n. 地震
right away 立刻；马上
well n. 井
△crack n. 裂缝；噼啪声vt. & vi. （使）开裂；破裂
△smelly adj. 发臭的；有臭味的
△farmyard n. 农场；农家
pipe n. 管；导管
burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发
million n. 百万
event n. 事件；大事
as if 仿佛；好像
at an end 结束；终结
nation n. 民族；国家；国民
canal n. 运河；水道
steam n. 蒸汽；水汽
dirt n. 污垢；泥土
ruin n. 废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产
in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
suffering n. 苦难；痛苦
extreme adj. 极度的
injure vt. 损害；伤害
△survivor n. 幸存者；生还者；残存物
destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭
brick n. 砖；砖块
dam n. 水坝；堰堤
track n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹
useless adj. 无用的；无效的；无益的
shock vt. & vi. （使）震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊
rescue n. & vt. 援救；营救
trap vt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境
electricity n. 电；电流；电学
disaster n. 灾难；灾祸
dig out 掘出；发现
bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
mine n. 矿；矿山；矿井
miner n. 矿工
shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
a (great) number of 许多；大量的
title n. 标题；头衔；资格
reporter n. 记者
bar n. 条；棒；条状物
damage n. & vt. 损失；损害
frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬
frightened adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的
frightening adj. 令人恐惧的
congratulation n. 祝贺；（复数）贺词
judge n. 裁判员；法官vt. 断定；判断；判决
sincerely adv. 真诚地；真挚地
express vt. 表示；表达n. 快车；速递
outline n. 要点；大纲；轮廓
headline n. 报刊的大字标题
cyclist n. 骑自行车的人
二．单元语法测试(语法填空)
【答案】
1．on whose top stands an old temple
2．with which we wash clothes
3． with whom you just shook hands on the playground　
4．all of whom are advanced teachers of that lonely county　
5． on which I met him first　
6．for which/why this matter should be so　
7．in which/ \/that they were treated　
8． on which was written the title of the book　
9．at which I studied in my childhood　
10． with whom I went to see films in junior middle-school
三．单元语篇回顾(语法填空)
【答案】
1.On　2.greatest　3.the　4.lay　5.or
6.without　7.survivors　8.would last　9.were sent　10.Slowly
四．综合能力检测(完形填空、阅读理解和书面表达)
1.【完形填空】
【答案】
1．A2．C3．B4．D5．A6．C7．B8．D9．A10．B
11．C12．C13．A14．B15．D16．D17．B18．C19．A20．A
【分析】
地震是常见的，会给人们带来很大的灾难。几个世纪以来人类一直在对地震进行研究。例如2000多年前，，一个中国的名为张衡的科学家发明了地震仪，今天的科学家仍然用该机器。现在我们已经了解许多关于地震发生的原因，但我们仍然不知道究竟在何时何地会发生地震，并不能阻止这一切的发生。
1．考查形容词。根据后文thousands of them happen each day.可知地震是常见的，common“普通的；平常的”；unusual“异乎寻常的；不平常的”；strange“奇怪的；陌生的”；familiar“熟悉的”。所以A正确。
2．考查形容词及语境理解。real真的； weak弱的；big大的；small小的。句意：由后面的内容often a great noise和terribly可知这里是说在“大地震中”。大地震时，往往有一个很大的噪声。故选C。
3．考查动词及语境理解。moves移动；shakes摇动；jumps 跳； breaks打破，损坏。句意：然后，大地震动，许多房屋倒下。故选B。
4．考查动词短语。房屋在地震中“倒塌”。get down“吞下；记下；使沮丧”；put down“放下；写下”；set down“记下”；fall down“倒下；跌倒”，故选D。
5．考查副词。由“Railway tracks break”可知,铁轨断了,火车出轨(off)了。off意为“脱离”，这里指火车“脱离轨道”。故选A。
6．考查动词。在地震中许多工厂被毁坏了。其他选项burst“爆发”;strike“袭击,攻击”;bury“埋”。不符合句意。故选C。
7．考查介词。由后文的“other disasters such as...”可知“除了”地震造成的损失之外,还有别的灾难, besides“除……之外(包括)”，符合题意。except“除……之外(排除)”；instead of“取代；代替”；because of“因为；由于”。 故B项正确。
8．考查副词、反身代词及语境理解。lonely孤独的；later较晚地; 以后，过后; 后来; 随后;；themselves他们自己；itself它自己，它本身。句意：除了地震本身造成了很大的破坏和死亡外。故选D。
9．考查动词及语境理解。follow跟随，接着；copy 复制，模仿； come 来， enter进入。句意：如火灾等事故往往跟着发生。故选A。
10．考查名词。由于火灾随之而来,在原来地震造成的房屋倒塌和人员死亡的基础上有更多的房屋倒塌和人员死亡。A.quakes地震 B.deaths死亡 C.difficulties困难 D.results结果，所以B正确。
11．考查名词及语境理解。information信息；questions问题； dangers 危险；frights恐惧。句意：地震的危险很大，几个世纪以来人类一直在对地震进行研究。故选C。
12．考查介词短语及语境理解。as a result 结果； in fact事实上； for example 例如；as well也。句意：2000多年前，例如，一个中国的名为张衡的科学家…故选C。
13．考查动词。此处表示张衡“发明”了地动仪。invent指发明原来世上不存在的东西或事物,符合句意。discover“发现”;find“发现,找到”;buy“买”，故选A。
14．考查名词。预测地震从什么方向传过来。direction“方向”。country“国家”;way“方法,道路”;city“城市”。所以选A。
15．考查动词及语境理解。improved 提高，改善；repaired修理； protected 保护；used使用。句意：今天的科学家仍然使用该机器，故选D。
16．考查疑问词及语境理解。where 哪里 ； why 为什么；what 什么；when何时。句意：现在我们了解了更多关于地震发生的原因。故选B。
17．考查动词。tell表示“判断；辨别”，即我们还不能准确判断何时何地发生地震。故选B。
18．考查动词。我们已经研究出为什么会发生地震,但无法预测它什么时间发生,在哪里发生,也无法阻止它发生。stop...from doing...“阻止……做……”即我们也不能阻止地震的发生。故选C。
19．考查形容词。worst“最坏的”;best“最好的”;most“最多的”;fast“快的”。由于无法准确预测地震何时发生,故认为其是最严重的灾难之一。故选A。
20．考查连词。前后句存在转折关系, however作副词，表示“转折”，与后面的句子用逗号隔开。but连词，后直接跟句子。虽然没有人能阻止地震的发生，但科学家却可以帮助人们尽可能地减少地震造成的损失。故选A。
2.【阅读理解】
【答案】
21．C22．D23．A24．B25．D
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。这篇短文讲述一位船长经常欺骗船员的工资，一次在欺骗船员后被这位船员用相同的方法对其进行了反击。这个故事采用了“以其人之道还治其人之身”的方法。
21．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“There was once a captain who loved money so much that he cheated his sailors at the end of every voyage and took their wages. ”曾经有一个船长非常爱钱，因此在每次航行结束后他都骗自己的船员并拿走他们的工资。可知船长通过欺骗船员拿走他们的工资，故选C。
22．
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ ‘A fire’s fire’ you said,” answered the sailor. “If it is enough to warm me in the water, it is enough to cook your chicken.”可知，火就是火，如果火能使我在水中温暖，那么它也足够能烹饪鸡。由此判断出水手比船长更聪明。故选D。
23．
细节理解题。根据第六段“"A fire's fire," answered the captain. "I have won." ”船长强词夺理离船员半英里处的火在给他取暖，说明船长想要赢得赌注。故选A。
24．
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“When it was nearly morning, some fishermen lit a fire on the shore about half a mile away by chance.可知，天快亮了，一些渔民偶然在半英里外的岸边生起了火。故B选项“为了帮助水中的水手，渔民们生了火”错误。故选B项。
25．
主旨大意题。这篇短文讲述一位船长经常欺骗船员的工资，船长对水手们说：“如果你们中有人在水里呆一整夜，我就把我的船给他。”有一个船员和船长打赌，并跳进了水里，但是船长认为，是半英里外渔民生的火，使船员获得了温暖，船长认为水手作弊。但水手又反过来与船长打赌，打赌船长做不熟鸡肉。船长问火在哪里，水手回答道到离这儿有半英里远。船员用船长用过的方法整蛊了船长。所以短文的最佳标题为“火就是火”。故选D项。
3.【书面表达】
【参考范文】
Dear Sir，
I am very glad that your school will hold the English Summer Camp that contains many courses, such as gardening, cooking, self-rescue, nursing and so on. After my consideration, I want to attend a course about self-rescue, in which I want to learn how to survive when an accident happens or a natural disaster strikes.
I think the?big?earthquake?that happened?in?Wenchuan,?Sichuan?province is still a big shock to all of us. During the earthquake, thousands of people were trapped inside the ruins because the rescue team was unable to get them out. What a terrible thing! Of course, we can’t prevent the accidents or disasters, but we can be prepared. That is why I want to take this course. For one thing, I hope to gain some self-rescue skills so that I can stay calm when something bad happens. What’s more, I will be able to offer help to others if necessary.
I am looking forward to your course beginning soon.
Yours truly,
Wang Hua
【解析】
本题考查提纲类作文。首先审题，某海外学校举办英语夏令营，开设了如下课程：园艺 (gardening)，烹饪 (cooking)，自救 (self-rescue)，护理 (nursing)。假如你是王华，写一封申请信，报名参加其中一门课程的学习。信的内容必须包括：1. 你感兴趣的课程；2. 你期望从这门课程中学到什么；3. 为什么想学这些内容。其次要确定时态，用一般现在时。在写作过程中，上下文意思要连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合题目所给出的信息，不要出现偏题问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有文采。
【亮点说明】这篇短文使用了一些高级句型。例如After my consideration, I want to attend a course about self-rescue, in which I want to learn how to survive when an accident happens or a natural disaster strikes. 这里含有一个非限制性定语从句。I think the big earthquake that happened in Wenchuan, Sichuan province is still a big shock to all of us.这里含有一个定语从句和宾语从句。That is why I want to take this course. 这里含有一个表语从句。