2011中考英语词汇专题3：错题本 （D字母篇）

2012中考英语词汇专题3：错题本 （D字母篇）
dance ?
　　［误］ We'll invite you and your wife to a dance party.?
　　［正］ We'll invite you and your wife to a dancing party.?
　　［正］ We'll invite you and your wife to a dance.?
　　［正］ We'll invite you and your wife to a ball.(美语中常用ball作为舞会。)?
　　date ?
　　［误］ He studied ten hours a date.
　　［正］ He studied ten hours a day.?
　　［析］ date是指具体日期。如问What's the date today 应回答具体日期："October 1st 1998."而day是指1日(24小时)。如What day is today 问的是星期几，应回答"It's Sunday."
　　［误］ Today's date is January first. 1998.?
　　［正］ Today's date is January 1， 1998.?
　　［正］ Today's date is January 1st， 1998.?
　　［析］ 在日期书写中不要用序数词全写，而要用1st， 2nd， 3rd……如果一定要用序数词，其顺序应为：It is the first of January.?
　　day ?
　　［误］ This is a book about every day English.?
　　［正］ This is a book about everyday English.?
　　［正］ This is an everyday English book.?
　　［误］ We go to school everyday.?
　　［正］ We go to school every day.?
　　［析］ everyday是形容词，意为"日常的"，而every day则是"每天"、"天天"之意。?
　　dead ?
　　［误］ My father has died for ten years.?
　　［正］ My father has been dead for ten years.?
　　［析］ die是瞬间动词，它可以用于完成时，如：My father has died. 但用于完成时不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。它也可以用于过去时，如：My father died three years ago
　　［误］ We'll always remember the deads who were killed in the war.?
　　［正］ We'll always remember the dead who were killed in the war.?
　　［析］ 形容词前如加定冠词表示一类人，如the rich(富人)，the sick(病人)，the poor(穷人)，其后的谓语动词要用复数，如：The rich are not always happy.?
　　dead deadly
　　dead在某些词组里是"完全"、"的确"的意思，如dead right, dead tired, dead sure。而deadly则是"致命的"，如：The rich man had many deadly enemies. 又如：Cancer is a deadly disease. ?
　　dead died ?
　　dead是形容词，如：Mrs Ginty was dead. 而died是动词die的过去式及过去分词，如：She died in 1960.但英语中如表达出对某人去世的伤感说法是pass away, 如：My father passed away, this morning.?
　　deer ?
　　［误］ In the zoo, there are many deers.?
　　［正］ In the zoo, there are many deer.?
　　［析］ deer是单、复数同形的词，如：one deer，two deer，这样的名词还有fish，sheep等。但如果讲There are many fishes here. 这句话应译为"这里有许多种鱼类。"而不应译为"这里有很多鱼。"?
　　desk ?
　　［误］ The boy sat in his desk.?
　　［正］ The boy sat at his desk.?
　　［析］ 在课桌旁坐着应用介词at, 而at desk 则应译为"在学习"，at table应译为"在吃饭"。?
　　die ?
　　［误］ In South Africa many people died from cancer.?
　　［正］ In South Africa many people died of cancer.?
　　［误］ The old man died of overwork.?
　　［正］ The old man died from overwork.?
　　［析］ 死于疾病应用die of，而死于某种外因事故则多用from.?
　　［误］ His mother is died.?
　　［正］ His mother is dead.?
　　［误］ The old woman was dead at the age of seventy.?
　　［正］ The old woman died at the age of seventy.?
　　［析］ dead是形容词，而die是动词。形容词表示状态，动词则表示动作。?
　　［误］ He died in a traffic accident.?
　　［正］ He was killed in a traffic accident.?
　　［析］ 由于事故而造成的死亡一般用to be killed.?
　　［误］ When the doctor came，the old man had already died.?
　　［正］ When the doctor came，the old man was already dead.?
　　［正］ The old man died before the doctor came.?
　　different ?
　　［误］ My room is different with yours.?
　　［正］ My room is different from yours.?
　　［误］ The village is very different with what it was.?
　　［正］ The village is very different from what it was.?
　　［析］ different from是"与……不同"之意。?
　　difficult ?
　　［误］ English is very difficult to be learned.?
　　［正］ English is very difficult to learn.?
　　［误］ He learned physics is difficult.?
　　［正］ It is very difficult for him to learn physics.?
　　［析］ 要学习英语的表达法而不要生硬地按字去译中文。It is difficult for somebody to do something.为"对于某人来说做某事很困难。"?
　　difficulty ?
　　［误］ There was little difficulty to find him.?
　　［正］ There was little difficulty in finding him.?
　　［析］ 这种用法还有trouble, 即difficulty (trouble) in doing something.
　　dinner ?
　　［误］ When did you have the supper ?
　　［正］ When did you have supper ?
　　［析］ 英语中一日三餐前无冠词，例如：?
　　［误］ I had a lunch at 12 o'clock.?
　　［正］ I had lunch at 12 o'clock.?
　　［析］ 在某些特定场合，如指某次宴会，则要加冠词，如：The dinner was given in honour of the guest.?
　　dress ?
　　［误］ My father bought a new dress for himself yesterday.?
　　［正］ My father bought a new suit for himself yesterday.?
　　［析］ 一般来讲男套装用suit，女服则用dress；作男服的服装店是tailor shop (tailor's), 而做女装的服装店是dressmaker's.?
　　［误］ The mother dressed the clothes on her child.?
　　［正］ The mother dressed her child.?
　　［析］ dress作及物动词当"穿衣服"讲时，其后不能接衣服而只能接人，如：The boy is still too young to dress himself. 但作为一种穿着打扮的状态时，则多用其过去分词作形容词，如：He is not dressed in his new suit.或She is dressed in red. 词组dress up是过节日时应服装整齐，如：They dressed up for the holiday.
　　dress have on put on wear ?
　　要区别这几个动词需分清是表示动作的动词还是表示状态的动词。表示状态的动词是have on和wear，如：He has on a white coat. He was wearing heavy shoes. 而put on则表示穿衣的动作，如：Put on your coat,it is cold outside.而dress即可以作状态又可以作动作，作动作讲时其后面接人而不能接衣服，作穿着状态时则多用dressed的形式。如：I saw a lady dressed in red. I saw a girl dressing herself.?
　　drop ?
　　［误］ The students fell their voice.?
　　［正］ The students dropped their voice.?
　　［析］ drop与fall都可以表示"落下、掉下"之意，有时可以互换，如：The dictionary fell (dropped) from the table. 但drop还可以作及物动词，而fall一般只能作不及物动词。?
　　［误］ I shall drop in you.?
　　［正］ I shall drop in on you.?
　　［析］ drop in是随便拜访某人，而其后要接人时应加介词on再加人称。?
　　during ?
　　［误］ During I was sick，I couldn't eat well.?
　　［正］ While I was sick，I couldn't eat well.?
　　［析］ during后不能接从句，而when和while后可接从句。?
　　［误］ I have been studying English during three days.?
　　［正］ I have been studying English for three days.?
　　［析］ during不能表达一个动作持续多长的时间，而只能表达在某段时间内某事件的发生。即带有由during引导的时间状语的句子只能用过去时，不能用完成时。?