2011中考英语词汇专题9：错题本 （M字母篇）

2012中考英语词汇专题9：错题本 （M字母篇）
错题本 （M字母篇）
make ?
　　［误］ The little boy was made repeat the whole story.?
　　［正］ The little boy was made to repeat the whole story.?
　　［误］ The father made his son to do his homework from morning till night.?
　　［正］ The father made his son do his homework from morning till night.?
　　［析］ make 的句型为"make somebody do (doing) something".但在被动语态中原来被省去的不定式符号to要被还原回来。?
　　［误］ I always do this mistake.?
　　［正］ I always make this mistake.?
　　［析］ 英语中do和make是十分不易弄清的两个动词，do常用于谈论工作时或某种不确定的活动时，如： do a favour(帮个忙)，do one's best(竭尽全力)，do good(有益)， do harm(有害)，而多数情况下常用make, 如： make a suggestion, make a cake, make a bed(收拾床)，make a noise, make money等等。?
　　［误］ This wine was made of grapes.
　　［正］ This wine was made from grapes.?
　　［析］ 当成品制成后，其原料的性质有所改变时应用make from，否则用make of， 如： This door was made of iron.?
　　［误］ Hard work can often make up a lack of intelligence.?
　　［正］ Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.?
　　［析］ make up是"创造"、"编织"，而make up for是"弥补……的不足之处"。上句应译为"勤奋工作可以弥补天资的不足。"?
　　［误］ We made up our mind to study hard.?
　　［正］ We made up our minds to study hard.?
　　［析］ mind这里是可数名词，使用时要特别予以注意make up one's mind是"下定决心"之意。?
　　［误］ Our class is made of twenty girls and twenty?one boys.?
　　［正］ Our class is made up of twenty girls and twenty?one boys.?
　　［析］ make up of…是"某物由……组成或构成"。?
　　many ?
　　［误］ I have many friends.?
　　［正］ I have a lot of friends.?
　　［析］ many和much多用于疑问句或否定句中，而在肯定句中则用处不多，尤其在非正式谈话中。如：?
　　-How much money have you got ?
　　-I've got plenty.?
　　［误］ You bought much too tomatoes.?
　　［正］ You bought too many tomatoes.?
　　［析］ too many后接可数名词，too much后接不可数名词，而much too后面接形容词，意为"太多"。?
　　［误］ For many a weeks it rained a lot.?
　　［正］ For many a week it rained a lot.?
　　［析］ many a意为"好多"、"许多"，但其后面要加单数名词
　　。?
　　matter ?
　　［误］ No matter what you did.?
　　［正］ No matter what you did, I trusted you.?
　　［析］ No matter是个词组，意为"不论"，它的语法功能是起连接作用，所以不能用于一个单独的句子。?
　　it doesn't matter这个词组则不是一个连接词组，所以可以和一个单句连用，如： It ?doesn't? mater what you say. (你说什么都不要紧。)?
　　maybe ?
　　［误］ May be he is right.?
　　［正］ Maybe he is right.?
　　［析］ maybe是副词，不要错用为may be.?
　　maybe perhaps ?
　　这两个词的词意一样，maybe常用于非正式谈话，而perhaps则多用在正式文体中。如： Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better. 而?Julius Caesar? is perhaps the greatest of Shakespeare's early plays.?
　　mend ?
　　［误］ I want to have my bike mended.?
　　［正］ I want to have my bike repaired.?
　　［析］ mend意为"缝补"，如： My mother mended my coat. 而repair是"修理"。?
　　mind ?
　　［误］ Could you mind to close the door ?
　　［正］ Could you mind closing the door ?
　　［误］ Try to make up your mind studying hard.?
　　［正］ Try to make up your mind to study hard.?
　　［析］ mind用作动词时，其后加动名词；而用作名词意为"下定决心"时，其后要加不定式。 ?要注意Do you mind if I smoke 的答语： 如果你不介意，应回答"No, go ahead."如果你不想让对方吸烟，则应讲"Yes, please don't."?
　　miss ?
　　［误］ I found my bag missed.?
　　［正］ I found my bag missing.?
　　［析］ missing为形容词，其意为"不见了"、"丢了"。在句中用作宾语补足语时不要误用missed，它作动词时多为及物动词，要接名词或动名词，而不接不定式。如： I missed the first train, I don't want to miss seeing the famous football player.?在作补足语讲某物"不见了"时有missing, gone, lost等，如： I found my bag missing (gone, lost).?
　　mistake ?
　　［误］ I took your pen by wrong.?
　　［正］ I took your pen by mistake.?
　　［析］ by mistake是"错拿了"、"误拿了"你的东西。wrong意为"错误"，而by mistake为"弄混了"。如：?
　　［误］ If I'm not wrong, you are Mr Brown.?
　　［正］ If I'm not mistaken, you are Mr Brown. (如果我没弄错的话，您是Brown先生。)
　　［误］ The teachers always mistook me as my brother.?
　　［正］ The teachers always mistook me for my brother.?
　　［析］ mistake…for…是"错把……当作……"之意，如： I took your book for mine.?
　　more ?
　　［误］ This book is more better than that one.?
　　［正］ This book is much better than that one.?
　　［析］ 不能用比较级来修饰比较级，而应用much, rather等来修饰比较级。?
　　［误］ More you read, more you learn.?
　　［正］ The more you read, the more you learn.?
　　［析］ 在"越……越……的"表达法中，形容词的比较级前要加定冠词。请注意more than one这个词组的后面要跟单数名词和单数谓语动词。如： More than one student is going to do part time job after school.?
　　no more than not morethan ?
　　no more than应译为"只不过"、"才"，如： He wrote no more than three books. 即他真正写了三本书。而not more than则意为"不会多于"，如： He wrote not more than three books. 即他写的书不会多于三本。又如： He is no shorter than you. 应译为"你和他都不矮"，而He is not shorter than you. 才应译为"他比你高。"?
　　most ?
　　［误］ Most of students are good at English.?
　　［正］ Most of the students are good at English.?
　　［正］ Most students are good at English.?
　　［析］ most of这一结构后面的名词前一定要有一个限定词。?
　　［误］ My friends are most teachers.?
　　［正］ My friends are mostly teachers.?
　　［析］ mostly意为"大部分的"，"主要的"。?
　　much ?
　　［误］ The boy was asleep very much.?
　　［正］ The boy was fast asleep.?
　　［析］ 不是所有的形容词都可以用very来修饰，如fast asleep意为"熟睡"，则是固定搭配。像interesting, exciting, surprising这些形容词化的现在分词，以及tired, interested这些形容词化的过去分词则要用very来修饰。?
　　must ?
　　［误］ He must be in the office, and mustn't go home.?
　　［正］ He must be in the office, and can't go home.?
　　［析］ must加动词原形为对事情的肯定推测，而否定的推测则要用can't加动词原形。?
　　［误］ It must have rained now.?
　　［正］ It must have rained yesterday.?
　　［析］ "must+have+过去分词"为对过去发生事情的推测。这句话应译为"昨天一定是下雨了。"又如： I must go and call him. He must have forgotten it.?
　　must have to ?
　　must用来表示说话者觉得某件事有必要去做，如I must stop smoking. 其意为：我自己认为我要戒烟；而have to则多用来表达由于来自外界的因素而不得不去做的事，如： I have to go to school tomorrow.?must无过去式，当用在讲过去某件必须要做的事时要用had to, 如： When I was young, I had to go to the factory.?在否定句中mustn't意为：一定不要做某事，如： You mustn't tell this to Tom. 而haven't to则多意为没有必要去做，如： You don't have to tell this to Tom. 而英语中多用needn't 来取代haven't to.?
　　myself ?
　　［误］ I can't play ping?pong myself.?
　　［正］ I can't play ping?pong by myself.?
［析］ 第一句并无语法错误，myself为"我亲自要去"，而by myself为"独自一人"。这句话要表达的意思是"我一个人无法打乒乓球。"而I want to play ping?pong myself. 应译为"我自己想去打乒乓球。