2012年中考英语:语法精品总复习10(独立主格)短文首字母填词

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名称 2012年中考英语:语法精品总复习10(独立主格)短文首字母填词
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更新时间 2011-11-16 08:22:45

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2012年中考英语:语法精品总复习10(独立主格)短文首字母填词
独立主格
1. 独立主格
独立主格结构的构成:名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;
名词(代词)+形容词;
名词(代词)+副词;
名词(代词)+不定式;
名词(代词) +介词短语构成。 
独立主格结构的特点:1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
   2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词等是主谓关系。
   3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
  例如:
  The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 考试结束了,我们开始放假。
  The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 总统被谋杀了,举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
  Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 天气允许,我们明天去看你。
  This done, we went home. 工作完成后,我们才回家。
  The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.  会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。
  He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 他回到了房子里,耳朵冻得红通通的。
  He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 他夹着本厚书,走出了图书馆
 
2. with的复合结构作独立主格
  表示伴随情况时,既可用分词的独立结构,也可用with的复合结构:with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。例如:
  He stood there, his hand raised. = He stood there, with his hand raise.
他举手着站在那儿。
  典型例题:
  The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied  B. having tied  C. to be tied  D. tied  
  答案D. with +名词(代词)+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时,其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系,因此用过去分词,选D.  
注意:
1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题: 当介词是in时,其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制。例如:A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.(hand前不能加his)劫匪冲进房间,手里拿着刀。
  2) 当表示人体部位的词做逻辑主语时,及物动词用现在分词,不及物动词用过去分词。例如:
He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.
他躺在那儿,牙紧咬,双手握拳,两眼直勾勾看着上面。
典型例题:
  Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.
  A permitted  B permitting  C permits  D for permitting
  答案B. 本题中没有连词,它不是复合句,也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗号,且we 小写,可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断,本句中使用的是独立结构,其结构为:名词+分词。 由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许',表主动,应用现在分词,故选B。
如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式,不妨将句子改为条件句,例如本句改为:If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后将if 去掉,再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。
短文首字母填词(10)
【2010浙江湖州】七、单词拼写(本题有9小题,每小题1分,共9分)
根据所给的首字母6或中文提示,写出空白处个单词的正确形式,每空限填一词。
72. In China, students go to school from M_________ to Friday.
73. Larry s_________ for an English test last night. He was really hard-working.
74. She often borrows books from the school l___________.
75. T_________ you for taking care of my pet dog.
答案:72. Monday 73. studied 74. library/libraries 75. thank
【2011山东泰安】第一节 词汇运用(共两题,满分15分)
(一)单词拼写(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
根据句意和首字母或汉语提示,将单词的正确形式写在题中相应的横线上。
71. There’s nothing in this box. Look, it’s e______________.
72. You’d better to keep your v______________ down when talking in public.
答案:71. empty 72. voice
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