2012中考英语名师讲堂01:
一.英语学习的两条主线:动词,主从复合句关系
二.英语动词的判断:
1. 是否是非谓语动词
2. 动词的主谓关系的一致性(police)
3. 虚拟语气的使用
4. 动词主被动语态(rise)
5. 考虑动词的正确时态
三.语法讲堂---不定式
1.不定式的基本形态(以do为例)
一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式
主动形态 to do to have done to be doing to have been doing
被动语态 to be done to have been done ∕ ∕
将要发生的动作
2. 不定式的一般式表示:
一种同步存在的状态
例①:Uncle Tom wants to fix the watch. (汤姆叔叔想要修这个表。)
改为被动形态:The watch needs to be fixed.(这个表需要被修。)
looks
例②:The actor appears (to be)young. <系表结构>
seems
3. 不定式的完成式表示相对于谓语动词而言已经完成的动作:
例①:The watch seems to have been fixed.(这块表似乎已经被修过。)
例②:The classroom seems to have been cleaned.(这间教室似乎已经打扫干净过。)
4. 不定式的进行式表示相对于谓语动词而言正在进行的动作:
例:The worker seems to be fixing the watch.(这个工人似乎正在修这块手表。)
典型结构:pretend to be doing
例①:When Father walked into the room, Tom pretended to be reading.
(当父亲走进房间时,汤姆假装在看书。)
例②:孩子们假装睡着了。(翻译)
be asleep
正解:Children pretends to have fallen asleep
be sleeping
5. 不定式的基本用法:
(1)不定式作主语:
句型:It’s + adj. + for/of + sb. + to do sth.
<1>用for的情况:
important
impossible
necessary
convenient for+ sb. + to do sth.
natural
normal
essential
例①:It’s very necessary for us to practice spoken English every day.
(对于我们来说每天联系口语师非常需要的。)
例②:It’s impossible for us to return here by three o’clock.
(对于我们来说要3点回到这里是不可能的。)
<2>用of的情况:
silly
kind
nice of+ sb. + to do sth.
stupid
foolish
例:It’s foolish of me to make the same mistake again.
(对于我来说再次犯同样的错误是很愚蠢的。)
(2)不定式作表语:
to do sth.
seem, appear
to be
(3)不定式在名词后作后置定语:
口诀:名词后方一根横线,十个for九个错,看到 to do选最长。
例①:I’m looking for a chair to ______. (D)
A. for sitting B. for sitting on C. to sit D. to sit on
例外:tickets for tonight’s game(今晚的比赛票子)
例②:I’ll have sth. to say.(我有些东西要说。)
例③:There is nothing to worry about.(没有什么可以担心的。)
例④:The middle aged woman has six children to look after/take care of.
(这个中年妇女要照顾6个孩子。)
(4)不定式在句子中充当宾语:
口诀:省略回答时,to do保留to。
Would you like to…
Yes, I’d like/ love to….
would like to
相近的词组 would love to
would prefer to do rather than do sth.(与其…还不如…)
would rather do sth. (宁愿做…)