2012高三英语语法复习：it的用法
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2012高三英语语法复习：it的用法
it作代词
(1)在答语中替代this或that。如：---What's this？---It's a frog.
(2)指已提到过的物体。如：I've lost it on my way home.
(3)指情形、行为等。如：Jack is ill. Have you heard about it
(4)指人（不明的人或婴儿）。如：Who is it
(5)指天气、温度、时间、距离等。如：It is raining. It's very hot. It's five o'clock.
二、引导词it
(1)作形式主语。如：
1) It is difficult to understand the passage.
2) It is no use trying.
3) It is said that the meeting will be put off.
4) It+take+(sb.) some time / some money+to do sth. 例如:
It will take them more than ten years to complete the Three Gorges Dam.
5 )It+be+said / reported / told等+that-clause. 例如:
It is said that he will leave for Beijing tomorrow.
6) It+vt.+sb.+that-clause. 例如:
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.
[原题再现]
①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
A. this B. that C. there D. it 答案: ① D ② D
（2）作形式宾语。如：
He feels it his duty to help others.
We thought it no use doing that.
They want to make it clean to the public that they do an important and necessary job.
他们要使公众明白他们做的是一项重要的而且必要的工作.
1) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+(for sb.) to do sth. 例如:
Do you think it possible for them to send an engineer there
2) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+doing sth. 例如:
You must find it exciting working here.
3) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+that-clause. 例如:
I think it a pity that you didn't try harder.
[原题再现]
Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.
A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted
答案: D
(3)构成强调句。如：It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.
今天早晨，就是在街上我看见李明。
[原题再现]
________was in 1979________I graduated from university.
A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when 答案: B
(4)构成特殊句式。如： It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.
三、it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别
it, one和that虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词,以避免重复,但在具体用法上却有不同。简述如下:
1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。
[原题再现]
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ________
A. did they B. didn't they C. did it D. didn't it 答案: D
2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。
[原题再现]
---Why don't we have a little break ---Didn't we just have________
A. it B. that C. one D. this 答案: C
3. that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。
[原题再现]
Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some B. any C. that D. those 答案: C
习题精选---It用法: (教师免讲)
1. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
[解析] C.句中like为及物动词,后面需要跟宾语.而like之后不可直接接从句作宾语.it可用于某些动词(hate, appreciate…)和介词之后作笼统宾语.
2. ---He was nearly drowned once.
---When was
--- was in 1998 when he was in middle school.
A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This
[解析]A. 第一空用that指代上文提到的事情; 第二空用it指代第一空的that
3. The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
[解析] B此处it指代前面出现的a new house. it指代上文提到的同一事物,为特指;而one通常指代同类事物中的某一个.
4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
[解析] D此处it用作人称代词,指不明身份,性别的人;宾语从句应用陈述语序.
5. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
A. this B. that C. there D. it
[解析] D此处it用作形式主语.
6. Mike’s mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but didn’t help.
A. he B. it C. she D. which
[解析] B此处it用以指代前面的句子,可用that替换.
7. Since you have repaired my computer, is no need for me to buy a new one.
A. it B. there C. this D. that
[解析] B考查固定句型 There is no need for sb to do sth
8. The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.
A. it B. this C. that D. him
[解析] A此处 it用作形式宾语.
9. ---Do you like here
---Oh, yes, the air, the weather and the way of life. Everything is so nice.
A. this B. there C. that D. it
[解析] D此处 it泛指自然环境.
10. Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising in TV is illegal,
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t he D. is he
[解析]A主语为 “ Bill’s aim”.
11. is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.
A. which B. As C. That D. It
[解析] B非限制性定语从句中, as /which均可指代整句话的内容,但 which只能放在主句后,译为 “这一点”; as则位置灵活,译为 “正如”.
12. It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.
A. because B. which C. since D. that
[解析] D考查强调句型.
13. It was back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go
[解析] C考查not until结构强调句型.
14. Why! I have nothing to confess. You want me to say
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that
[解析] A考查强调句型的特殊疑问句句式.
15. It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
[解析] B考查强调句型.被强调部分是not where you come from or what you are (but ) the ability to do the job.为了平衡结构,部分移至句尾.
四、练习题
【练习一】
1.There is a photo on the wall.____＿the photo of Lei Feng.
A. It B. Its C. It's D. He（高考，1999）
2. Is＿necessary to tell his father everything
A. it B. that C. what D. he （高考，2006）
3. Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship
A. now B. man C. that D. it
4. I consider____ my duty to help you．
A. it B. this C. that D. its
5. Three hundred thousand dollars__＿found because the thief dropped __ while getting away.
A. was; it B. is; it C. are; them D. were; them
答案：(1)C (2)A (3)D (4)A(5)A
【练习二】
I．I like＿in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全国I）
A. this B. that C. it D. one
2. ---Do you like___ here
---Oh，yes. The air，the weather，the way of life. Everything is so nice.（2004全国II）
A. this B. these C. that D. it
3．The Parkers bought a new house but____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
4. I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
5.Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.
A. it B. this C. that D. one
6. It was at four o'clock in the afternoon____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.
A. while B. that C. when D. as 答案：CDBAAB
【练习三】
1．Carol said the work would be done by October, _____ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
2．-Why don't we take a little break -Didn't we just have____
A. it B. one C. that D. this
3．I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
4．______is well-known to all that Hong Kong has returned to China.
A. Which B. It C. That D. As
5．-______has just come in -It's Mr. Green, our headmaster.
A. Who is that B. Who that is C. Who's it that D. Who it is
6．_____that they may be invited.
A. They wished B. It is hoped C. That is expected D. What they hope
7．The manager didn't feel like _____ whether he would attend the meeting the next morning.
A. making it clear B. make that clear C. to make it clear D. making this clearing
8．_____I was free that evening.
A. It happened to B. It happened that C. That happened D. It was happened that
9．He said, "_____a long way to school. _____ a long way to go before we arrive."
A. It is; It is B. There is; It is C. It is; There is D. There is; There is
10．Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but ______ didn't help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
11．They say that _____doesn't make any difference my being there.
A. there B. that C. it . he
12．I hope there are enough chairs for each guest to have_____.
A. it B. one C. those D. them
13．We saw the hill, and _____used to be a factory.
A. in front of which, there B. in front of it, it
C. at the foot of it, there D. at the foot of which, it
14．Your idea is very good. Don't _____.
A. give up it B. give it up C. give in it D. hasn't it
15．When they will start hasn't been decided yet,______
A. will they B. won't they C. has it D. hasn't it
答案：
1—5 D B A B C 6—10 B A B C D 11—15 C B C B C
【练习四】
1. Is _______ necessary to the design before National Day
A. this B. that C. it D. he
2. She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
3. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _____didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
4. ______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
5. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ______
A. it B. those C. one D. them
6. ---Why don’t you take a little break
---Don’t we just have _______.
A. that B. this C. one D. it
7. I don’t think ______ people to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
8. ---He was nearly drowned once.
---When was _______
---_______ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.
A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that, This
9. The weather turned out to be very good, ______ was more that we had expected.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
10. Was ______ that I saw last night at the concert
A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself
11. More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great _______ of goods.
A. variety B. mixture C. extension D. combination
12. It was only with the help of the local guide ________.
was the mountain climber was rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued
when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued
13. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.
A. It B. AS C. That D. What
14. Why! I have nothing to confess. _______ you want me to say
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that
15. It was _____ back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go
Keys:1—5 CBDDC 6-10 CDABA 11-15 ABBAC
【练习五】
1. Was it during the Second World War_____ he died
A.that B.while C. in which D.then (88)
2. Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day
A. this B.that C. it D.he (89)
3. I don't think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A.this B. that C.its D.it (91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can't finish the job on time
A. this B.that C.he D.it (91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A.when, that .until, that C.until, then D. when, then (92)
6.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.
A. that B. this C. one D.it (93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.
A. while B. which C.that D.since (94)
8. ______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B.This C.That D. It (95)
9. It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A. until B. that C.then D. so (97)
10.I hate _____when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C.these D.them (98)
11．It was ______he said _______ disappointed me.(1999上海)
A. what/that B. that/that C. what/what D. that/ what
12. It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B.that C. what D.it (2000)
13.____computers play such an important part in our daily life
A．Why it is that B．Why is it that
C．Why was it that D．Why is it
14.It was not until 1936___baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.
A. then B. which C.that D. when
15.___in 1943___the harmful smog made its appearance in Los Angeles.
A. Only.……that B.It was.……then
C. That it was.……when D. It was.……that
16.It was on the National Day___ she met with her separated sister.
A.that B.where C. when D. which
17.___the 1500's___the first European explored the coast of California.
A. It was until……then B. It was not until……when
C. It is until……that D. It was not until……that
18. ___in this room that our first meeting was held.
A. Just when B. When C. Where D.It was
19.It is because he is too young _______ he does not understand it.
A. as B. so C. that D. what
20.It was for this reason ____ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village．
A． which B．why C．that D．how
KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 A 12 B13 B 14-20.CDADDCC
【练习六】 Complete the sentences
_______________________(已经有三年了) since his father passed away.
_______________________(不久) the police arrived.
_______________________(已经八点了) when he got home.
______________________ (应该.....的时候了) she wrote a letter to her boyfriend.
_____________________ (这是第一次) that these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.
Keys :
1.It is /has been three years… 2. It was not long before … 3. It was already eight o’clock… 4. It is (high) time that … 5. It is the first time …
【学生自看】(教师免讲)
1. Was ________ that I saw last night at the concert (Shanghai'2004)
A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself
析：这是一个一般疑问句，若去掉was和that, 可重新排列成I saw you last night at the concert.句意完整，所以此句是"It was... that..."强调句型的一般疑问句，强调宾语you,故正确答案为A。
2. It is the ability to do the job ________ matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET2000) A. it B. that C. one D.this
析：若去掉It is后，剩余的部分仍是一个完整的句子，故是强调句型，强调主语，故正确答案为B。
3. "Wasn't it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now ""________"(Shanghai'2003)
A. I didn't know he was. B.Yes, it was. C. No, he wasn't. D.Yes, he did.
析：这是强调句型的一般疑问句的否定形式，强调主语。其答案有两种可能："Yes, it was.""No, it wasn't."所以，正确答案为B。
4. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages ________ attracted the audience's interest.(Shanghai 2000, spring)
A. so that B.that C.what D.in which
析：若去掉It was后，句意完整，是强调句型，强调how引导的主语从句，所以，正确答案为B。
5. It was for this reason ________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.(Shanghai 2001, spring)
A. which B.why C.that D.how
析：若去掉It was,句意完整，是强调句型，强调原因状语for this reason,故正确答案为C。
6. It was ________ he said ________ disappointed me.(Shanghai'99)
A. what; that B.that; that C. what; what D.that; what
析：若去掉It was后，在he前加what就成为完整的句子,是强调句型,强调what引导的主语从句,故正确答案为A。
7. It was because of bad weather ________ the football match had to be put off.(Shanghai 2003, spring) A. so B.so that C.why D.that
析：:若去掉It was后,句意完整,是强调句型。强调原因状语because of bad weather, 所以,正确答案为D。
8. It was at the gate ________ he told me the news.(2006)
A. that B.what C.which D.when
析：若去掉It was,句意完整，是强调句型，强调地点状语at the gate， 所以，正确答案为A。
9. It was only when I reread his poems recently ________ I began to appreciate their beauty.(NMET'98)
A. until B. that C.then D.so
析：若去掉It was, 句意完整，是强调句型，强调only when引导的时间状语从句，所以，正确答案为B。
10. It was not until 1920 ________ regular radio broadcasts began. (2007)
A. while B.which C.that D.since
析：若去掉It was, 句意完整，是强调句型，强调until引导的时间状语,含有not时,通常把not和until连用,故正确答案为C。
11.Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _____ didn't help.(1999)
A. he B. which C. she D. it 答：选D
解析：在两个分句中，如果后一分句的主语指代前一分句中某一名词或整个句子的内容，且没有并列连词连接两个分句。这时，后一分句常用关系代词who(指人)，which(指物)，whose(指人或物)引导非限制性定语从句；如果两个分句间有and等并列连词连接，这时，后一分句常用人称代词或it, that代指前一分句中的某一名词或整个句子的内容，构成并列句式结构。
it didn't doesn't help的意思是“不起作用”。此处的代词 it， 代替“Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should study harder”这一句子的内容。
it，this 和that都是指示代词，使用时有"八注意"(教师参考)
一、距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。 如：
This is an apple tree. (近处)这是一棵苹果树。
That is an orange tree.（远处）那是一棵桔子树。
二、放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。 如：
This is a pen. That is a pencil.这是一枝钢笔，那是一枝铅笔。
三、向别人介绍某人时说 "This is ..." 不用 "That is ..."。 如：
This is Tom. Tom, this is Jack. 这是汤姆。汤姆，这是杰克。
四、This is 不能缩写，而 that is 可以缩写成that's。 如：
This is a bus. That's a car. 这是一辆公共汽车，那是一辆轿车。
五、在回答this 或 that 作主语的疑问句时，要用 it 代替 this 或 that。如：
-Is this a book 这是一本书吗？
-Yes, it is. 是的，这是本书。
-What's that 那是什么？
-It's a kite. 那是个风筝。
六、打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。注意不可用 "I am ..."或 "Are you ..." "Who are you " 等句式。如：
-Hello! Is that Miss Green 你好！你是格林小姐吗？
-Yes. This is Miss Green speaking. Who's that 是的，我是格林小姐，你是谁？
-Oh. This is Mr Brown. 哦，我是布朗先生。
七、指性别不明的婴儿、身份不明的人或是只闻其声未见其人的时候用it而不用this或that。如：
-It's a nice picture. Who's in it 这是张好看的照片，上面的人是谁？
-Me!是我！
八、It 常用来代替前文中所提到的东西。如：
The pen doesn't work. It's Lily's.这枝钢笔坏了，它是莉莉的。
It 用法小结20条(教师参考)
It 用法小结虽不是高考的热点，但这两年全国各省市试题经常出现。我们不能疏忽。 下面是用法20条。 并通过高考试题进行巩固：
1.It is+被强调部分+that 该句型是强调句型，将被强调的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，强调的主语如果是人，可以用来替换，如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型与其他从句的方法。
It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.
It was with great joy ___he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004 福建)
A. because B. which C. since D. that (D)
2. It is not until +被强调的部分+ that该句型译成汉语“直到……才”，可以说是的强调形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. =Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star. =I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
It was ___back home after the experiment. (2004 湖北)
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go (C)
3. It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that….该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然、真的、肯定）”是主语从句最常见的结构。
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.=That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
4. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural…) that…该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。
It is important that we (should) learn English well.
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
5. It is said (reported, learned…) that…该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉……）
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
6. It is suggested (ordered…) that…该句型和上一句属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气 （should+动词原形）。可以省略，常译为“据建议；有命令……”
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.
7. It is a pity (a shame…) that …在该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾。
It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遗憾！
8. It is time (about time, high time) that…该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是：常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）……的时候……”
It is time that children should go to bed.
=It is time that children went to bed.
9. It is the first (second, …)time that…该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用哪种完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换，常译为“是第一（二,…）次…”。
10. It is …since…该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时和完成时，引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。
It is (has been) 5 years since his father died.
It is almost five years ___we saw each other last time. (2005 北京)
A. before B. since C. after D. when(B)
11. It is …when…该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，是……” It was 5 o’clock when he came here.
12. It be…before…该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“…之后才”，“没过……就……”
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.
It will not be long before he finishes his job.
13. It happens (seems, looks, appears) that…该句型中的it 是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词。
It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street. (碰巧……)
It seems that he will be back in a few days. (看来……)
The Foreign Minister said, “___our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2004北京)
A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is (D)
14. It takes sb…to do sth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做……要花费某人……”
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
15．It is no good (use) doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use ).
It is no good learning English without speaking English.
16. It doesn’t matter whether…该句型中的引导的从句是真正的主语，该句型译为“不论（是否）……没关系……
It doesn’t matter whether they are old.
17．It is kind (of sb) to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语的形容词。常见的有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish good (好心的),honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的),polite, rude, silly, stupid ,wise ,wrong等。这个句型可以改写为sb.is kind to do sth.
It is kind of you to stay so =You are kind to say so.
18. It is necessary (for sb) to do sth 该句型与上一句统属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引出的，主句的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：
Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape, impossible, pleasant.等。
It is important for her to come to the party. =It is important that she (should) come to the party.
19. It looks (seems) as if …该句型中it 无意义。As if 引导一个状语从句，常译为：“看起来好像……”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。
It looks as if he is ill. （真的病了）
It looks as if he was ill. （事实上没有生病）
It seemed as if he was dying.
20. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构”
7指主句中的常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take.
1指的是形式宾语it .
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
XiaoLi felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
-Do you like ____here
-Oh, yes .The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (2004 全国卷二)
A. this B. these C. that D. it (D)
分析：it作形式宾语
高考预测：
1．______that there will be another good harvest this autumn.
A. He is said B. It is saidC. It says D. It was said
2.______ she was free on Monday morning,
A. That happened B. It is happened thatC. It happened to D. It happened that
3.___three years since he joined the army.
A. That is B. It is C. This is D. It was
4. ________is good ___you to have taken good care of your classmates.
A. This; to B. It; for C. That; it D. It; of
5. What a long way ____________!
A. it is B is it C. is that D. This is
6. Does ______matter if I am late for the meeting tomorrow
A. this B. it C. that D. which
7. ________makes me sick to think of the matter.
A. That B It C. This D. Which
8. The parents will never forget that _____ the doctor __had saved their child’s life.
A. It is; that B. It was; that C. That is; when D. It was; when
9._____about half past ten ______we got to the station.
A. It is; that B. It was; that C. That is; when D. It was; when
10. We consider ___our duty helping him.
A. it B. that C. which D. that
答案: 1-5 BDBDA 6-10 BBBDA
it作代词
(1)在答语中替代this或that。如：---What's this？---It's a frog.
(2)指已提到过的物体。如：I've lost it on my way home.
(3)指情形、行为等。如：Jack is ill. Have you heard about it
(4)指人（不明的人或婴儿）。如：Who is it
(5)指天气、温度、时间、距离等。如：It is raining. It's very hot. It's five o'clock.
二、引导词it
(1)作形式主语。如：
1) It is difficult to understand the passage.
2) It is no use trying.
3) It is said that the meeting will be put off.
4) It+take+(sb.) some time / some money+to do sth. 例如:
It will take them more than ten years to complete the Three Gorges Dam.
5 )It+be+said / reported / told等+that-clause. 例如:
It is said that he will leave for Beijing tomorrow.
6) It+vt.+sb.+that-clause. 例如:
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.
[原题再现]
①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
A. this B. that C. there D. it 答案: ① D ② D
（2）作形式宾语。如：
He feels it his duty to help others.
We thought it no use doing that.
They want to make it clean to the public that they do an important and necessary job.
他们要使公众明白他们做的是一项重要的而且必要的工作.
1) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+(for sb.) to do sth. 例如:
Do you think it possible for them to send an engineer there
2) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+doing sth. 例如:
You must find it exciting working here.
3) S.+vt.+it+adj. / n.+that-clause. 例如:
I think it a pity that you didn't try harder.
[原题再现]
Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.
A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted
答案: D
(3)构成强调句。如：It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.
今天早晨，就是在街上我看见李明。
[原题再现]
________was in 1979________I graduated from university.
A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when 答案: B
(4)构成特殊句式。如： It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.
三、it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别
it, one和that虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词,以避免重复,但在具体用法上却有不同。简述如下:
1. it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。
[原题再现]
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ________
A. did they B. didn't they C. did it D. didn't it 答案: D
2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。
[原题再现]
---Why don't we have a little break ---Didn't we just have________
A. it B. that C. one D. this 答案: C
3. that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。
[原题再现]
Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some B. any C. that D. those 答案: C
习题精选---It用法: (教师免讲)
1. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
[解析] C.句中like为及物动词,后面需要跟宾语.而like之后不可直接接从句作宾语.it可用于某些动词(hate, appreciate…)和介词之后作笼统宾语.
2. ---He was nearly drowned once.
---When was
--- was in 1998 when he was in middle school.
A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This
[解析]A. 第一空用that指代上文提到的事情; 第二空用it指代第一空的that
3. The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
[解析] B此处it指代前面出现的a new house. it指代上文提到的同一事物,为特指;而one通常指代同类事物中的某一个.
4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
[解析] D此处it用作人称代词,指不明身份,性别的人;宾语从句应用陈述语序.
5. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.
A. this B. that C. there D. it
[解析] D此处it用作形式主语.
6. Mike’s mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but didn’t help.
A. he B. it C. she D. which
[解析] B此处it用以指代前面的句子,可用that替换.
7. Since you have repaired my computer, is no need for me to buy a new one.
A. it B. there C. this D. that
[解析] B考查固定句型 There is no need for sb to do sth
8. The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.
A. it B. this C. that D. him
[解析] A此处 it用作形式宾语.
9. ---Do you like here
---Oh, yes, the air, the weather and the way of life. Everything is so nice.
A. this B. there C. that D. it
[解析] D此处 it泛指自然环境.
10. Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising in TV is illegal,
A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t he D. is he
[解析]A主语为 “ Bill’s aim”.
11. is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.
A. which B. As C. That D. It
[解析] B非限制性定语从句中, as /which均可指代整句话的内容,但 which只能放在主句后,译为 “这一点”; as则位置灵活,译为 “正如”.
12. It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.
A. because B. which C. since D. that
[解析] D考查强调句型.
13. It was back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go
[解析] C考查not until结构强调句型.
14. Why! I have nothing to confess. You want me to say
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that
[解析] A考查强调句型的特殊疑问句句式.
15. It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
[解析] B考查强调句型.被强调部分是not where you come from or what you are (but ) the ability to do the job.为了平衡结构,部分移至句尾.
四、练习题
【练习一】
1.There is a photo on the wall.____＿the photo of Lei Feng.
A. It B. Its C. It's D. He（高考，1999）
2. Is＿necessary to tell his father everything
A. it B. that C. what D. he （高考，2006）
3. Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship
A. now B. man C. that D. it
4. I consider____ my duty to help you．
A. it B. this C. that D. its
5. Three hundred thousand dollars__＿found because the thief dropped __ while getting away.
A. was; it B. is; it C. are; them D. were; them
答案：(1)C (2)A (3)D (4)A(5)A
【练习二】
I．I like＿in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全国I）
A. this B. that C. it D. one
2. ---Do you like___ here
---Oh，yes. The air，the weather，the way of life. Everything is so nice.（2004全国II）
A. this B. these C. that D. it
3．The Parkers bought a new house but____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
4. I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
5.Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.
A. it B. this C. that D. one
6. It was at four o'clock in the afternoon____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.
A. while B. that C. when D. as 答案：CDBAAB
【练习三】
1．Carol said the work would be done by October, _____ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
2．-Why don't we take a little break -Didn't we just have____
A. it B. one C. that D. this
3．I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
4．______is well-known to all that Hong Kong has returned to China.
A. Which B. It C. That D. As
5．-______has just come in -It's Mr. Green, our headmaster.
A. Who is that B. Who that is C. Who's it that D. Who it is
6．_____that they may be invited.
A. They wished B. It is hoped C. That is expected D. What they hope
7．The manager didn't feel like _____ whether he would attend the meeting the next morning.
A. making it clear B. make that clear C. to make it clear D. making this clearing
8．_____I was free that evening.
A. It happened to B. It happened that C. That happened D. It was happened that
9．He said, "_____a long way to school. _____ a long way to go before we arrive."
A. It is; It is B. There is; It is C. It is; There is D. There is; There is
10．Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but ______ didn't help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
11．They say that _____doesn't make any difference my being there.
A. there B. that C. it . he
12．I hope there are enough chairs for each guest to have_____.
A. it B. one C. those D. them
13．We saw the hill, and _____used to be a factory.
A. in front of which, there B. in front of it, it
C. at the foot of it, there D. at the foot of which, it
14．Your idea is very good. Don't _____.
A. give up it B. give it up C. give in it D. hasn't it
15．When they will start hasn't been decided yet,______
A. will they B. won't they C. has it D. hasn't it
答案：
1—5 D B A B C 6—10 B A B C D 11—15 C B C B C
【练习四】
1. Is _______ necessary to the design before National Day
A. this B. that C. it D. he
2. She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
3. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _____didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
4. ______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
5. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ______
A. it B. those C. one D. them
6. ---Why don’t you take a little break
---Don’t we just have _______.
A. that B. this C. one D. it
7. I don’t think ______ people to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
8. ---He was nearly drowned once.
---When was _______
---_______ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.
A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that, This
9. The weather turned out to be very good, ______ was more that we had expected.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
10. Was ______ that I saw last night at the concert
A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself
11. More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great _______ of goods.
A. variety B. mixture C. extension D. combination
12. It was only with the help of the local guide ________.
was the mountain climber was rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued
when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued
13. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.
A. It B. AS C. That D. What
14. Why! I have nothing to confess. _______ you want me to say
A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that
15. It was _____ back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go
Keys:1—5 CBDDC 6-10 CDABA 11-15 ABBAC
【练习五】
1. Was it during the Second World War_____ he died
A.that B.while C. in which D.then (88)
2. Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day
A. this B.that C. it D.he (89)
3. I don't think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A.this B. that C.its D.it (91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can't finish the job on time
A. this B.that C.he D.it (91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A.when, that .until, that C.until, then D. when, then (92)
6.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.
A. that B. this C. one D.it (93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.
A. while B. which C.that D.since (94)
8. ______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B.This C.That D. It (95)
9. It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A. until B. that C.then D. so (97)
10.I hate _____when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C.these D.them (98)
11．It was ______he said _______ disappointed me.(1999上海)
A. what/that B. that/that C. what/what D. that/ what
12. It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B.that C. what D.it (2000)
13.____computers play such an important part in our daily life
A．Why it is that B．Why is it that
C．Why was it that D．Why is it
14.It was not until 1936___baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.
A. then B. which C.that D. when
15.___in 1943___the harmful smog made its appearance in Los Angeles.
A. Only.……that B.It was.……then
C. That it was.……when D. It was.……that
16.It was on the National Day___ she met with her separated sister.
A.that B.where C. when D. which
17.___the 1500's___the first European explored the coast of California.
A. It was until……then B. It was not until……when
C. It is until……that D. It was not until……that
18. ___in this room that our first meeting was held.
A. Just when B. When C. Where D.It was
19.It is because he is too young _______ he does not understand it.
A. as B. so C. that D. what
20.It was for this reason ____ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village．
A． which B．why C．that D．how
KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 A 12 B13 B 14-20.CDADDCC
【练习六】 Complete the sentences
_______________________(已经有三年了) since his father passed away.
_______________________(不久) the police arrived.
_______________________(已经八点了) when he got home.
______________________ (应该.....的时候了) she wrote a letter to her boyfriend.
_____________________ (这是第一次) that these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.
Keys :
1.It is /has been three years… 2. It was not long before … 3. It was already eight o’clock… 4. It is (high) time that … 5. It is the first time …
【学生自看】(教师免讲)
1. Was ________ that I saw last night at the concert (Shanghai'2004)
A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself
析：这是一个一般疑问句，若去掉was和that, 可重新排列成I saw you last night at the concert.句意完整，所以此句是"It was... that..."强调句型的一般疑问句，强调宾语you,故正确答案为A。
2. It is the ability to do the job ________ matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET2000) A. it B. that C. one D.this
析：若去掉It is后，剩余的部分仍是一个完整的句子，故是强调句型，强调主语，故正确答案为B。
3. "Wasn't it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now ""________"(Shanghai'2003)
A. I didn't know he was. B.Yes, it was. C. No, he wasn't. D.Yes, he did.
析：这是强调句型的一般疑问句的否定形式，强调主语。其答案有两种可能："Yes, it was.""No, it wasn't."所以，正确答案为B。
4. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages ________ attracted the audience's interest.(Shanghai 2000, spring)
A. so that B.that C.what D.in which
析：若去掉It was后，句意完整，是强调句型，强调how引导的主语从句，所以，正确答案为B。
5. It was for this reason ________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.(Shanghai 2001, spring)
A. which B.why C.that D.how
析：若去掉It was,句意完整，是强调句型，强调原因状语for this reason,故正确答案为C。
6. It was ________ he said ________ disappointed me.(Shanghai'99)
A. what; that B.that; that C. what; what D.that; what
析：若去掉It was后，在he前加what就成为完整的句子,是强调句型,强调what引导的主语从句,故正确答案为A。
7. It was because of bad weather ________ the football match had to be put off.(Shanghai 2003, spring) A. so B.so that C.why D.that
析：:若去掉It was后,句意完整,是强调句型。强调原因状语because of bad weather, 所以,正确答案为D。
8. It was at the gate ________ he told me the news.(2006)
A. that B.what C.which D.when
析：若去掉It was,句意完整，是强调句型，强调地点状语at the gate， 所以，正确答案为A。
9. It was only when I reread his poems recently ________ I began to appreciate their beauty.(NMET'98)
A. until B. that C.then D.so
析：若去掉It was, 句意完整，是强调句型，强调only when引导的时间状语从句，所以，正确答案为B。
10. It was not until 1920 ________ regular radio broadcasts began. (2007)
A. while B.which C.that D.since
析：若去掉It was, 句意完整，是强调句型，强调until引导的时间状语,含有not时,通常把not和until连用,故正确答案为C。
11.Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _____ didn't help.(1999)
A. he B. which C. she D. it 答：选D
解析：在两个分句中，如果后一分句的主语指代前一分句中某一名词或整个句子的内容，且没有并列连词连接两个分句。这时，后一分句常用关系代词who(指人)，which(指物)，whose(指人或物)引导非限制性定语从句；如果两个分句间有and等并列连词连接，这时，后一分句常用人称代词或it, that代指前一分句中的某一名词或整个句子的内容，构成并列句式结构。
it didn't doesn't help的意思是“不起作用”。此处的代词 it， 代替“Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should study harder”这一句子的内容。
it，this 和that都是指示代词，使用时有"八注意"(教师参考)
一、距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。 如：
This is an apple tree. (近处)这是一棵苹果树。
That is an orange tree.（远处）那是一棵桔子树。
二、放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。 如：
This is a pen. That is a pencil.这是一枝钢笔，那是一枝铅笔。
三、向别人介绍某人时说 "This is ..." 不用 "That is ..."。 如：
This is Tom. Tom, this is Jack. 这是汤姆。汤姆，这是杰克。
四、This is 不能缩写，而 that is 可以缩写成that's。 如：
This is a bus. That's a car. 这是一辆公共汽车，那是一辆轿车。
五、在回答this 或 that 作主语的疑问句时，要用 it 代替 this 或 that。如：
-Is this a book 这是一本书吗？
-Yes, it is. 是的，这是本书。
-What's that 那是什么？
-It's a kite. 那是个风筝。
六、打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。注意不可用 "I am ..."或 "Are you ..." "Who are you " 等句式。如：
-Hello! Is that Miss Green 你好！你是格林小姐吗？
-Yes. This is Miss Green speaking. Who's that 是的，我是格林小姐，你是谁？
-Oh. This is Mr Brown. 哦，我是布朗先生。
七、指性别不明的婴儿、身份不明的人或是只闻其声未见其人的时候用it而不用this或that。如：
-It's a nice picture. Who's in it 这是张好看的照片，上面的人是谁？
-Me!是我！
八、It 常用来代替前文中所提到的东西。如：
The pen doesn't work. It's Lily's.这枝钢笔坏了，它是莉莉的。
It 用法小结20条(教师参考)
It 用法小结虽不是高考的热点，但这两年全国各省市试题经常出现。我们不能疏忽。 下面是用法20条。 并通过高考试题进行巩固：
1.It is+被强调部分+that 该句型是强调句型，将被强调的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，强调的主语如果是人，可以用来替换，如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型与其他从句的方法。
It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.
It was with great joy ___he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004 福建)
A. because B. which C. since D. that (D)
2. It is not until +被强调的部分+ that该句型译成汉语“直到……才”，可以说是的强调形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. =Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star. =I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
It was ___back home after the experiment. (2004 湖北)
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go (C)
3. It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that….该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然、真的、肯定）”是主语从句最常见的结构。
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.=That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
4. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural…) that…该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。
It is important that we (should) learn English well.
It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
5. It is said (reported, learned…) that…该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉……）
It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
6. It is suggested (ordered…) that…该句型和上一句属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气 （should+动词原形）。可以省略，常译为“据建议；有命令……”
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.
7. It is a pity (a shame…) that …在该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾。
It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了，真遗憾！
8. It is time (about time, high time) that…该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是：常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）……的时候……”
It is time that children should go to bed.
=It is time that children went to bed.
9. It is the first (second, …)time that…该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用哪种完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换，常译为“是第一（二,…）次…”。
10. It is …since…该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时和完成时，引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。
It is (has been) 5 years since his father died.
It is almost five years ___we saw each other last time. (2005 北京)
A. before B. since C. after D. when(B)
11. It is …when…该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，是……” It was 5 o’clock when he came here.
12. It be…before…该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“…之后才”，“没过……就……”
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.
It will not be long before he finishes his job.
13. It happens (seems, looks, appears) that…该句型中的it 是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词。
It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street. (碰巧……)
It seems that he will be back in a few days. (看来……)
The Foreign Minister said, “___our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2004北京)
A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is (D)
14. It takes sb…to do sth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做……要花费某人……”
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
15．It is no good (use) doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use ).
It is no good learning English without speaking English.
16. It doesn’t matter whether…该句型中的引导的从句是真正的主语，该句型译为“不论（是否）……没关系……
It doesn’t matter whether they are old.
17．It is kind (of sb) to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语的形容词。常见的有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish good (好心的),honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的),polite, rude, silly, stupid ,wise ,wrong等。这个句型可以改写为sb.is kind to do sth.
It is kind of you to stay so =You are kind to say so.
18. It is necessary (for sb) to do sth 该句型与上一句统属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引出的，主句的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：
Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape, impossible, pleasant.等。
It is important for her to come to the party. =It is important that she (should) come to the party.
19. It looks (seems) as if …该句型中it 无意义。As if 引导一个状语从句，常译为：“看起来好像……”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。
It looks as if he is ill. （真的病了）
It looks as if he was ill. （事实上没有生病）
It seemed as if he was dying.
20. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构”
7指主句中的常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take.
1指的是形式宾语it .
2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词
3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
XiaoLi felt it important learning English well.
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
-Do you like ____here
-Oh, yes .The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (2004 全国卷二)
A. this B. these C. that D. it (D)
分析：it作形式宾语
高考预测：
1．______that there will be another good harvest this autumn.
A. He is said B. It is saidC. It says D. It was said
2.______ she was free on Monday morning,
A. That happened B. It is happened thatC. It happened to D. It happened that
3.___three years since he joined the army.
A. That is B. It is C. This is D. It was
4. ________is good ___you to have taken good care of your classmates.
A. This; to B. It; for C. That; it D. It; of
5. What a long way ____________!
A. it is B is it C. is that D. This is
6. Does ______matter if I am late for the meeting tomorrow
A. this B. it C. that D. which
7. ________makes me sick to think of the matter.
A. That B It C. This D. Which
8. The parents will never forget that _____ the doctor __had saved their child’s life.
A. It is; that B. It was; that C. That is; when D. It was; when
9._____about half past ten ______we got to the station.
A. It is; that B. It was; that C. That is; when D. It was; when
10. We consider ___our duty helping him.
A. it B. that C. which D. that
答案: 1-5 BDBDA 6-10 BBBDA