Unit
4Global
warming
主题语境:人与自然——环境保护
Section
Ⅲ—
Grammar
课后篇巩固提升
一、对画线部分进行强调
1.He
began
his
medical
research
after
he
got
financial
help.?
?
?
答案It
was
after
he
got
financial
help
that
he
began
his
medical
research.
2.He
didn’t
mention
his
own
plan
until
the
end
of
the
letter.?
?
?
答案It
was
not
until
the
end
of
the
letter
that
he
mentioned
his
own
plan.
3.Why
didn’t
you
attend
the
birthday
party
of
your
best
friend?
?
?
答案Why
was
it
that
you
didn’t
attend
the
birthday
party
of
your
best
friend?
4.The
culture,rather
than
the
language,made
it
hard
for
him
to
adapt
to
the
new
environment
abroad.?
?
?
?
答案It
was
the
culture,rather
than
the
language,that
made
it
hard
for
him
to
adapt
to
the
new
environment
abroad.
二、阅读理解
Finding
fish
is
going
to
get
harder
as
climate
change
continues
to
heat
the
world’s
oceans.A
new
study
finds
that
warming
seas
over
the
past
80
years
have
reduced
the
sustainable
catch
of
124
species
of
fish
and
shellfish.A
sustainable
catch
refers
to
the
amount
that
can
be
harvested
without
doing
long-term
damage
to
the
health
of
populations
of
some
species.
Overfishing
has
made
that
decline
worse,researchers
say.Overfishing
refers
to
catching
so
many
fish
that
the
size
of
the
population
falls.In
some
parts
of
the
world,such
as
the
heavily
fished
Sea
of
Japan,the
decrease
is
as
high
as
35
percent.That’s
a
loss
of
more
than
one
in
every
three
fish.
Researchers
examined
changes
in
235
populations
of
fish
and
shellfish
between
1930
and
2010.Those
fish
populations
spread
far
apart
across
38
ocean
regions.Temperature
changes
vary
from
one
ocean
site
to
another.But
on
average
over
that
time,Earth’s
sea-surface
temperatures
have
risen
by
about
half
a
degree
Celsius.
On
average,that
warming
has
caused
the
sustainable
catch
to
drop
by
4.1
percent,the
study
found.About
8
percent
of
the
fish
and
shellfish
populations
the
team
studied
saw
losses
as
a
result
of
the
ocean
warming.However,about
4
percent
of
some
populations
increased.That’s
because
certain
species
have
thrived
in
warmer
waters.One
example
is
a
kind
of
black
sea
fish.It
lives
along
the
northeastern
L.S.coast.As
warming
continues,these
fish
will
reproduce
faster
until
they
reach
their
limit.
About
3.2
billion
people
worldwide
rely
on
seafood
as
a
source
of
food.That
means
it’s
urgent
for
commercial
fishing
fleets
and
regulators
to
consider
how
climate
change
is
affecting
the
health
of
all
of
those
fish
in
the
sea.
1.What
does
the
new
study
discover?
A.Overfishing
is
to
blame
for
fish
health.
B.Warming
seas
cause
fewer
fish
and
shellfish.
C.Seafood
matters
to
people’s
health
worldwide.
D.The
living
regions
of
fish
and
shellfish
are
different.
答案B
解析
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“A
new
study
finds
that
warming
seas
over
the
past
80
years
have
reduced
the
sustainable
catch
of
124
species
of
fish
and
shellfish.”可知,新的研究发现,海水升温导致鱼类和水生有壳动物减少。故选B项。
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“thrived”
in
Paragraph
4
probably
mean?
A.Survived
narrowly.
B.Disappeared
soon.
C.Decreased
sharply.
D.Developed
quickly.
答案D
解析
词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“One
example...As
warming
continues,these
fish
will
reproduce
faster
until
they
reach
their
limit.”可知,随着升温继续,这些鱼将快速繁殖直到它们的极限,据此可推知,画线词的含义与“reproduce
faster”相近,故选
D项。
3.What
do
we
know
about
species
of
fish
and
shellfish?
A.About
8
percent
of
them
suffered
from
a
great
loss.
B.About
35
percent
of
them
survived
in
the
Sea
of
Japan.
C.About
3.2
billion
species
have
been
saved
up
to
now.
D.About
80
species
have
died
out
because
of
warming
seas.
答案A
解析
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“About
8
percent
of
the
fish
and
shellfish
populations
the
team
studied
saw
losses
as
a
result
of
the
ocean
warming.”可知,大约8%的鱼类和水生有壳动物数量上遭受了重大损失。故选A项。根据第二段第三句“In
some
parts...the
decrease
is
as
high
as
35
percent.”可知,B项表述错误;根据第五段第一句“About
3.2
billion
people
worldwide
rely
on
seafood
as
a
source
of
food.”可知,C
项表述错误;文章没有提到D项所表述的内容。
4.From
which
is
the
text
probably
taken?
A.A
cooking
guide.
B.A
science
magazine.
C.A
news
review.
D.A
health
brochure.
答案B
解析
推理判断题。通读全文可知,一项最新研究显示,随着海洋变暖,鱼类和水生有壳动物的数量正在减少。这在一定程度上影响了渔业的产量和这些生物的健康。由此可推知,本文属于科学类文章。故选B项。
三、七选五阅读理解
Like
most
people,your
natural
instinct
(本能)
is
probably
to
help
others
when
you
can. 1
Whether
you’re
refusing
an
invitation
to
a
party
or
turning
down
a
new
project
at
work,you
can
say
no
while
still
being
respectful.Whatever
the
situation
is,be
clear,polite
and
firm
when
saying
no.?
Express
your
thanks. 2
If
you
have
to
turn
someone
down,express
your
thanks
that
they
thought
of
you
in
the
first
place.You
could
say
something
like,“Thanks
for
considering
me
responsible
enough
to
watch
your
kids.I’m
sorry
that
I’m
busy
that
evening.”?
Think
before
you
speak.If
you
say
no
immediately,it
might
seem
like
you
didn’t
even
consider
the
request.In
order
to
be
respectful,take
a
moment
to
think
about
your
answer—even
if
you
already
know
what
it
is
going
to
be. 3 ?
Give
a
clear
answer.Saying
no
respectfully
shows
that
you’re
honest
and
direct. 4
If
you
can’t
help,say
no.If
someone
is
asking
you
on
a
date
and
you
don’t
want
to
go,make
that
clear.?
5
You
can
say
no
without
completely
turning
down
the
request.By
setting
boundaries,you
can
make
it
clear
exactly
what
you
can
do
and
what
you
are
willing
to
do.For
example,you
could
say,“I’m
not
free
for
dinner,but
I
would
be
coming
for
a
quick
drink
after
work.”?
A.Find
a
way
to
compromise.
B.Take
a
pause,and
then
kindly
say
no.
C.But
sometimes,you
just
need
to
say
no.
D.It’s
strange
to
feel
guilty
for
turning
someone
down.
E.Make
it
clear
that
you
sincerely
appreciate
being
asked.
F.If
you
feel
it
necessary,you
can
also
provide
a
reason
for
your
answer.
G.Do
not
give
people
false
hope
that
you
will
be
able
to
satisfy
their
request.
答案1~5
CEBGA
四、完形填空
(2019全国Ⅰ)
Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro,the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.They
1
with
them
lots
of
waste.The
2
might
damage
the
beauty
of
the
place.The
glaciers(冰川)
are
disappearing,changing
the
3
of
Kilimanjaro.?
Hearing
these
stories,I’m
4
about
the
place—other
destinations
are
described
as
“purer”
natural
experiences.?
However,I
soon
5
that
much
has
changed
since
the
days
of
disturbing
reports
of
6
among
tons
of
rubbish.I
find
a
7
mountain,with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths.The
environmental
challenges
are
8
but
the
efforts
made
by
the
Tanzania
National
Park
Authority
seem
to
be
9 .?
The
best
of
a
Kilimanjaro
10 ,in
my
opinion,isn’t
reaching
the
top.Mountains
are
11
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.This
12
is
especially
evident
on
Kilimanjaro
as
13
go
through
five
ecosystems(生态系统)
in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers.At
the
base
is
a
rainforest.It
ends
abruptly
at
3,000
meters, 14
lands
of
low
growing
plants.Further
up,the
weather
15 —low
clouds
envelope
the
mountainsides,which
are
covered
with
thick
grass.I
16
twelve
shades
of
green
from
where
I
stand.Above
4,000
meters
is
the
highland
17 :gravel(砾石),stones
and
rocks. 18
you
climb
into
an
arctic-like
zone
with
19
snow
and
the
glaciers
that
may
soon
disappear.?
Does
Kilimanjaro
20
its
reputation
as
a
crowded
mountain
with
lines
of
tourists
ruining
the
atmosphere
of
peace?I
found
the
opposite
to
be
true.?
1.A.keep B.mix
C.connect
D.bring
答案D
解析由上文“每年大约有四万人试图攀爬乞力马扎罗山”和下文“或许会破坏它的美感”可知,众多的登山者带来了许多垃圾。bring
with“带来”。故选D项。
2.A.stories
B.buildings
C.crowds
D.reporters
答案C
解析由上文可知,每年约四万人攀爬乞力马扎罗山,拥挤的人群(及所带来的垃圾)或许会影响它的美感。crowds“拥挤的人群”。故选C项。
3.A.position
B.age
C.face
D.name
答案C
解析由上文可知,此处表示冰川正在消融,改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face“面貌”;position“位置”;age“年龄”;name“名字”。故选C项。
4.A.silent
B.skeptical
C.serious
D.crazy
答案B
解析根据上文讲述的乞力马扎罗山的气候环境变化和下文的“其他旅游景点被描述得更加纯净天然”可知,此处意为听完这些故事,“我”对乞力马扎罗山的自然美景持怀疑态度。skeptical“怀疑的”;silent“沉默的”;serious“严肃的”;crazy“疯狂的”。故选B项。
5.A.discover
B.argue
C.decide
D.advocate
答案A
解析根据句首However表示转折可知,与前面的描述不同,作者不久发现了乞力马扎罗山的美,故选A项。discover“发现”;argue“争论”;
decide“决定”;advocate“拥护”。
6.A.equipment
B.grass
C.camps
D.stones
答案C
解析此处指的是自从乞力马扎罗山上营地周围成吨垃圾的报道后,情况发生了许多变化。下文又接着讲述作者在营地和道路上看到了厕所,由此推知,上文中提到的报道指的是以前的营地是坐落在垃圾堆中的,现在干净了许多。camp“营地”;equipment“装备”;grass“草”;stone“石头”。故选C项。
7.A.remote
B.quiet
C.tall
D.clean
答案D
解析本句提到作者在营地和道路旁边看到了许多厕所,与在报道中出现的垃圾堆中的营地截然不同,干净卫生。故选D项。
8.A.new
B.special
C.significant
D.necessary
答案C
解析前文提到了作者担心乞力马扎罗山面临的严峻的环境问题会毁坏它在人们心目中的美的形象。此处指的是面临的环境考验是很重要的(significant)。故选C项。
9.A.paying
off
B.spreading
out
C.blowing
up
D.fading
away
答案A
解析本句but表示转折关系,虽然环境面临着考验,坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎挺奏效。pay
off“成功;奏效;达到目的”;spread
out“展开;铺开”;blow
up“爆炸”;fade
away“逐渐消失”。故选A项。
10.A.atmosphere
B.experience
C.experiment
D.sight
答案B
解析由上文第二段中的“...other
destinations
are
described
as
‘purer’
natural
experiences.”可知此空填experience。句意:在我看来,攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验并不仅仅在于到达顶峰。
11.A.studied
B.observed
C.explored
D.regarded
答案D
解析由下文可知,乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。be
regarded
as...“被视为……”。故选D项。
12.A.view
B.quality
C.reason
D.purpose
答案A
解析本句进一步解释上句内容,为什么乞力马扎罗山的很多山脉被许多文化视为精神家园。随着人们在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统,这种“观点”尤其明显。故选A项。
13.A.scientists
B.climbers
C.locals
D.officials
答案B
解析此处指攀登者可以在几千米的空间内穿过五种生态系统。故选B项。climber“攀登者”;scientist“科学家”;local“当地人,本地人”;official“官员”。
14.A.holding
on
to
B.going
back
to
C.living
up
to
D.giving
way
to
答案D
解析上文讲到山脚处是雨林,它在3
000米的地方突然结束。“让位”给矮生植物。故选D项。give
way
to“给……让位”;hold
on
to“坚持”;go
back
to“返回”;live
up
to“达到”。
15.A.changes
B.clears
C.improves
D.permits
答案A
解析由上文可知,有五种生态系统,所以再往上气候又有变化。故选A项。
16.A.match
B.imagine
C.count
D.add
答案C
解析由上文可知,低云压山,茂密的草丛覆盖着山腰,本句则为从作者所站之处望去可以数到12种浓淡深浅的绿色。故选C项。
17.A.village
B.desert
C.road
D.lake
答案B
解析此处指的是4
000米以上为高原沙漠环境。根据下文的砾石、石头和岩石可知为类沙漠环境的描述。desert“沙漠”;village“村庄”;road“道路”;
lake“湖泊”。故选B项。
18.A.Obviously
B.Easily
C.Consequently
D.Finally
答案D
解析由上文可知,作者已经讲了四种生态系统:rainforest,low
growing
plants,thick
grass,highland
desert,还有最后的也是最冷的arctic-like
zone(类北极地带),故选D项。
19.A.permanent
B.little
C.fresh
D.artificial
答案A
解析本句意为“类北极地带上方有永久的积雪和冰川,但它们可能不久后会融化”。permanent“永久的”;little“小的”;fresh“新鲜的”;artificial“人造的”。故选A项。
20.A.enjoy
B.deserve
C.save
D.acquire
答案B
解析文章最后作者发出感慨:一个人满为患,破坏了原有宁静的乞力马扎罗山还能名副其实吗?“我”发现恰恰相反。故选B项。
五、语篇填空
Household
garbage
sorting
and
recycling
have
become
a
hot
topic
in
Shanghai
because
of
China’s
first
compulsory
garbage-separation
law
1
every
household
and
institution
shall
classify
waste
into
four
2
(category).Those
who
fail
to
sort
garbage
may
3
(fine)
up
to
200
yuan.?
Previously,everything
went
into
one
bin,so
this
change
has
made
many
people
very
4
(worry),who
said
they
were
struggling
to
master
the
details
quickly.?
Now
thanks
to
the
efforts
of
5
number
of
young
programmers,discovering
the
proper
classification
for
each
piece
of
household
waste
has
become
as
simple
as
taking
a
photo
6
calling
someone
using
your
smartphone.?
They
have
applied
speech
and
image
recognition
technologies
7
apps
and
other
smartphone
services
to
guide
Shanghai
residents
through
the
garbage-separation
rules.?
Most
of
the
apps
and
services,which
8 (begin)
springing
up
last
month
in
app
stores,on
messaging
tool
WeChat
and
mobile
payment
service
Alipay,allow
users
to
type
in
the
name
of
waste
9
(identify)
which
category
it
belongs
to.Many
apps
also
use
speech
and
image
recognition
to
make
the
process
much
easier,but
their
creators
say
they
will
disappear
in
time
with
the
Chinese
10
(become)
more
accustomed
to
the
rules.?
答案1.that 2.categories 3.be
fined 4.worried 5.a
6.or 7.to 8.began 9.to
identify 10.becoming
六、选词创境
运用下列词汇,自己创设一个语境,形成一个小语段。
state,tendency,on
the
whole,on
behalf
of,put
up
with,so
long
as,advocate,make
contributions
to
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文
I
think
the
conference
was
a
great
success
on
the
whole.The
lecture
that
Mr.Brown
gave
on
behalf
of
his
country
was
well
received.He
stated
that
the
temperature
had
the
tendency
to
go
up
and
that
it
is
going
up
by
1℃
on
average
every
five
years.He
added
that
we
wouldn’t
put
up
with
polluting
our
environment.
He
advocated
that
the
government
should
punish
pollution.He
believes
that
we’ll
have
a
bluer
sky
and
cleaner
rivers
so
long
as
we
make
contributions
to
our
environment.第四单元测评
(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面
5
段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有
10
秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
M:Excuse
me,madam.
W:Yes?
M:How
long
can
I
keep
the
book?
W:For
one
month.Please
make
sure
you
return
the
book
before
it’s
due.
1.Where
does
this
conversation
probably
take
place?
A.In
a
bookstore.
B.In
a
classroom.
C.In
a
library.
答案C
M:Hurry
up,Jenny.It’s
already
seven.We’ll
be
late
for
the
film.
W:Don’t
worry,dear.We
still
have
20
minutes.And
it
takes
us
only
15
minutes
to
get
there.We’ll
be
there
just
in
time.
2.At
what
time
will
the
film
begin?
A.7:20.
B.7:15.
C.7:00.
答案A
W:Aren’t
you
going
to
confirm
your
booking
at
the
hotel?
M:Yes.I’d
better
call
them.They
always
get
quite
busy
at
this
time
of
the
year.
3.What
will
the
man
probably
do
next?
A.Confirm
his
booking.
B.Go
to
the
hotel.
C.Book
a
room.
答案A
W:Are
you
interested
in
cars?
M:No,I
prefer
bicycles.They’re
clean
and
practical.
W:Cars
have
greatly
changed
the
world
and
made
people’s
life
easier.
M:But
they
also
produced
some
bad
effects,such
as
pollution
and
global
warming.
4.What
does
the
man
say
about
the
cars?
A.They
are
clean
and
practical.
B.They
make
people’s
life
much
easier.
C.They
have
caused
some
environmental
problems.
答案C
W:Hey,congratulations!
I
heard
the
news!
When’s
the
date?
M:In
September.We’ve
got
a
lot
of
planning
to
do.
W:Well,the
great
thing
is
that
you’ve
decided
to
marry.Congratulations!
M:Thanks.Remember
to
come
to
our
party
with
your
family.
5.What
are
the
speakers
mainly
talking
about?
A.A
family.
B.A
wedding.
C.A
dinner
party.
答案B
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
M:The
credit
card
bill
arrived
today.Oh,no.This
bill
is
for
more
than
1,500
dollars.
W:I
was
shopping
with
Barbara,and
the
store
was
having
a
sale,so
I
bought
a
dress.She
left
her
credit
cards
at
home
and
asked
if
she
could
put
the
charge
on
our
card.She
promised
to
pay
me
back.
M:A
1,500-dollar
dress?!
W:Well,I
bought
a
few
things.A
few
hundred
dollars
in
the
food
section
and
200
on
that
pair
of
shoes.I
guess
the
dress
cost,um,600
dollars.
M:Honey!
W:I’m
sorry.I
promise
I’ll
not
do
shopping
for
the
next
three
months.
6.How
much
is
the
dress
probably?
A.$200.
B.$600.
C.$1,500.
答案B
7.How
does
the
man
feel
about
the
woman?
A.Angry.
B.Excited.
C.Disappointed.
答案A
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
M:Good
morning.I’d
like
to
ask
about
the
master’s
degree
course
in
cultural
studies.
W:Ah,yes.
M:How
long
will
the
course
last?
W:It’s
a
two-year
course
that
involves
mostly
research.
M:Can
I
study
by
distance
learning?
W:Yes,the
course
is
designed
for
distance
learning.You
have
to
be
here
for
only
three
weeks.
M:Well,could
you
tell
me
the
contents
of
the
course?
W:Yes.It
is
concerned
with
the
analysis
and
theory
of
culture.
M:Oh,that’s
culture
in
general,not
just
British
culture?
W:That’s
right.The
course
does
encourage
some
analysis
of
British
culture,but
what’s
most
important
is
the
comparison
with
the
cultures
of
the
students
in
the
course.You
are
British?
M:Yes,I’m
working
as
an
English
teacher
in
China,actually.
8.How
long
will
the
course
last?
A.For
three
weeks.
B.For
two
years.
C.For
three
years.
答案B
9.What
is
the
most
important
thing
about
the
course?
A.It
is
designed
for
distance
learners.
B.It
is
concerned
with
some
analysis
of
British
culture.
C.It
requires
the
comparison
between
different
cultures.
答案C
10.What
do
we
know
about
the
man?
A.He
is
an
English
teacher.
B.He
has
a
master’s
degree.
C.He
is
learning
Chinese.
答案A
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
W:We
have
your
application
letter
in
answer
to
our
ad
in
the
newspaper.I
want
to
talk
with
you
about
the
position.So,can
you
tell
me
something
about
yourself?
M:Well,I
worked
in
an
art
school
and
looked
for
new
students.I
had
to
visit
students
in
their
homes,talk
with
their
parents,answer
their
questions
and
perform
other
duties.
W:Our
company
needs
someone
to
sell
computers.And
I
think
your
school
experience
will
be
useful.The
job
is
to
exhibit
new
computers
and
talk
people
into
buying
them.
M:I
see.I
have
the
confidence
that
I
can
do
the
job.
W:OK.You
may
leave
your
phone
number
in
case
we
want
to
contact
you.
M:Sure.I
hope
to
hear
from
you
soon.
11.What
did
the
man
do
before
applying
for
the
job?
A.He
worked
as
a
teacher.
B.He
talked
with
the
customers.
C.He
visited
students’
parents.
答案C
12.What
does
the
woman
think
is
useful
about
the
man?
A.His
education.
B.His
job
experience.
C.His
grades
at
school.
答案B
13.What
does
the
woman
ask
the
man
to
do
in
the
end?
A.Wait
for
further
information.
B.Give
his
email
address
to
her.
C.Come
to
work
the
next
day.
答案A
听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。
W:What
a
great
movie!
It
was
so
funny.The
hero
even
forgot
the
girl’s
name.
M:Hmm,what
did
you
say?
W:Tom,you
must
be
still
thinking
about
the
job
interview.
M:Yes,I
really
want
that
job,Mary.
W:I
know
you
do.
M:The
boss
seemed
to
think
I
have
the
abilities
they
want,but
there
has
been
no
answer
yet.
W:Why
don’t
you
call
him
and
ask?
M:I’m
sure
they’ll
let
me
know
as
soon
as
they’ve
decided.I’ll
just
have
to
wait.
W:You’re
right.Now
let’s
think
about
what
to
order.What’s
special
here?
M:They
used
to
serve
a
very
special
soup
but
it
isn’t
here
on
the
menu.
W:What
a
pity!
Well,let’s
try
something
else.
M:Okay.
14.Where
is
the
conversation
most
probably
taking
place?
A.In
an
office.
B.At
a
cinema.
C.At
a
restaurant.
答案C
15.What
is
the
man
still
thinking
about?
A.The
food
to
order.
B.The
interview.
C.The
movie.
答案B
16.What
is
the
woman’s
advice
to
the
man?
A.To
wait
for
the
result.
B.To
see
the
movie
again.
C.To
ask
the
boss.
答案C
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
W:Good
afternoon,everyone.We’re
delighted
to
welcome
today
a
representative
from
the
Red
Cross,Mr
John
Francis,who
is
going
to
talk
to
us
about
the
work
of
the
organization
and
about
some
basic
aspects
of
First
Aid.
M:Thank
you,Mrs
Brown.Well,I’m
pleased
to
tell
you
something
about
this
organization.The
Red
Cross
movement
was
started
by
a
businessman
called
Jean
Henri
Dunant.His
interest
in
the
innocent
people
caught
up
in
war
began
in
1859
when
he
witnessed
the
effects
of
a
very
fierce
battle
in
Italy.At
the
time,he
organized
all
the
villagers
to
help
the
wounded
soldiers
and
make
sure
they
had
food
and
basic
medical
attention.In
1864,the
same
gentleman,together
with
four
Swiss
colleagues
from
his
hometown,organized
a
conference
which
laid
the
foundations
for
the
now
famous
organization.So
that
Red
Cross
workers
could
always
be
recognised,they
created
their
own
symbol.They
chose
a
red
cross
on
a
white
background.It
is
protected
by
the
laws.Sometimes
we
find
that
the
red
cross
has
been
used
as
a
decorative
symbol
or
to
represent
first
aid
stations
but
this
is
actually
wrong
because
using
the
red
cross
for
anything
other
than
the
international
organization
is
actually
against
the
law.Even
though
we
often
associate
a
red
cross
with
hospitals
and
medical
treatment.In
Australia,as
in
many
other
countries,the
recognised
symbol
for
first
aid
and
medical
centres,in
fact,is
a
white
cross
on
a
green
background.
17.Where
was
Jean
Henri
Dunant
from?
A.Italy.
B.Australia.
C.Switzerland.
答案C
18.Why
was
the
Red
Cross
started
at
first?
A.To
help
the
wounded
in
the
war.
B.To
provide
food
for
the
poor.
C.To
fight
against
the
war.
答案A
19.What
do
we
know
about
the
red
cross?
A.It
can
be
used
to
represent
the
first
aid
stations.
B.It
can
only
refer
to
the
international
organisation.
C.It
is
an
official
symbol
of
hospital
and
medical
treatment.
答案B
20.What
will
Mr
John
Francis
talk
about
next?
A.Something
about
First
Aid.
B.The
law
about
the
Red
Cross.
C.The
Red
Cross
organisation
in
Australia.
答案A
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Psychology
tells
us
that
many
people
hate
to
take
risks.But
it
is
good
for
us
to
take
risks,especially
when
the
risk
is
to
achieve
a
desired
result.In
that
way,we
become
stronger
and
braver.
Our
human
nature
should
be
to
take
risks,but
some
people
just
sit
and
wish
they
didn’t
have
the
fear
to
move
on.This
is
because
they
have
failed
a
few
times
in
their
lives.Please
step
out
and
don’t
let
the
past
hold
you
back
from
living
life
to
the
fullest.Move
forward
and
move
on!
In
studying
the
psychology
of
taking
risks,we
find
that
human
nature
provides
us
with
the
desire
to
experiment
and
take
chances.
Risk-taking
is
a
great
advantage
that
allowed
our
ancestors
to
become
stronger
and
stronger
day
by
day.By
taking
risks
they
fought
off
enemies
and
discovered
new
territories.This
attitude
has
become
a
part
of
our
modern
culture.Riding
a
roller
coaster
is
a
common
risk-taking
activity.Even
each
person
seems
to
enjoy
the
risk
although
they
have
the
understanding
that
it
is
dangerous.This
psychological
and
biological
connection
creates
an
interesting
connection
between
what
is
unsafe
and
what
humans
enjoy.
Getting
in
a
car
each
day
is
a
risk.Getting
out
of
bed
is
a
risk,too.We
need
to
take
risks
so
that
we
can
complete
many
things.Astronauts
take
risks
when
they
get
inside
a
spacecraft;however,the
things
they
achieve
are
great.Businessmen
take
risks
when
they
buy
parts
of
a
company;however,without
doing
that,they
could
not
make
more
money.
We
need
to
take
risks
so
that
we
can
gain
something.It
is
impossible
to
move
forward
in
life,earn
money,enjoy
a
relationship,play
a
sport,or
do
anything
else
without
taking
risks.It
is
all
part
of
the
game.It’s
one
of
the
most
important
parts
of
life.
21.Some
people
don’t
want
to
take
risks,mainly
because
.?
A.they
are
too
lazy
to
move
on
B.they
feel
pleased
with
the
present
life
C.they
have
failed
several
times
before
D.they
show
little
interest
in
the
strange
world
outside
答案C
解析
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“This
is
because
they
have
failed
a
few
times
in
their
lives.”可知,一些人不想去冒险主要是因为他们曾经失败过几次。
22.What
can
we
infer
from
the
passage?
A.Daily
life
is
full
of
risks.
B.The
safest
place
has
the
greatest
risk.
C.People
should
take
risks
when
they
are
young.
D.We
can
always
achieve
our
goals
by
taking
risks.
答案A
解析
推理判断题。根据第四段可知,日常生活中充满了风险。
23.What
would
be
the
title
for
the
passage?
A.Taking
Risks
Is
Easier
Said
than
Done
B.Risks
Taken
by
Ancestors
C.Live
Our
Life
to
the
Fullest
D.No
Risk,No
Gain
答案D
解析
主旨大意题。文章第一段提到当我们想要达到某个目标时,冒险对我们是有利的;又根据最后一段第一句“We
need
to
take
risks
so
that
we
can
gain
something”可知,本文的主旨是没有冒险就没有收获。
B
Maja
Rosen
gave
up
flying
a
decade
ago
out
of
concern
for
its
environmental
effects.When
she
became
a
mother
and
started
hanging
out
with
other
parents,she
didn’t
bring
it
up,even
when
the
conversation
turned
to
flying.It
would
have
ruined
their
feelings.
Then
in
April
2018,her
home
country
of
Sweden
introduced
a
tax
on
aviation
(航空).The
climate
effects
of
flying
were
on
the
evening
news.Rosen
seized
the
moment.With
her
neighbour
Lotta
Hammar,she
launched
a
campaign
called
“We
Stay
on
the
Ground’’,which
has
persuaded
10,000
people
to
promise
to
avoid
flights
in
2019.
But
here’s
the
hard
truth:in
the
grand
planning
of
things,hardly
anyone
will
follow.The
noisy
classes
tend
to
have
a
lot
to
say
about
the
ecological
benefits
of
avoiding
meat,cycling
and
eating
local
food.But
that
noise
generally
evaporates
when
it
comes
to
flying.
We
can’t
rely
on
international
agreements
to
control
aviation
emissions
(排放物)either.The
UN
has
promoted
a
deal
to
control
them
beyond
2020.But
it
lacks
real
bite,allowing
airlines
to
continue
emitting
carbon
if
they
offset
(补偿)it.
All
these
mean
we
should
reduce
aviation
emissions
with
green
tech.At
least,there
is
a
little
good
news.Even
rather
simple
measures
like
freeing
planes
to
fly
in
straight
lines
could
cut
carbon
emissions.Hybrid
electric
aircrafts
have
also
been
planned.And
we
already
know
that
planes
can
mix
up
to
50%
biofuels
into
their
tanks
and
fly
safely.
It’s
time
to
redouble
our
efforts
to
make
planes
green.In
the
meantime,if
you’re
still
looking
for
a
New
Year’s
resolution,you
might
want
to
think
about
joining
those
10,000
people.
24.Why
did
Maja
avoid
mentioning
flying?
A.To
see
the
government’s
decision.
B.To
focus
on
her
kids’
learning.
C.To
avoid
annoying
other
people.
D.To
seek
a
chance
for
her
program.
答案C
解析细节理解题。由第一段可知,Maja很关注飞行对环境的破坏,但是每次与别的父母出去闲逛的时候都尽力不提这件事,以免破坏他们的心情,故选C项。
25.Which
of
the
following
helps
reduce
aviation
emissions?
A.Persuading
people
not
to
travel
by
plane.
B.Signing
a
deal
to
control
aviation
emissions.
C.Making
strict
plans
to
control
flying
time.
D.Mixing
up
biofuels
in
the
tanks
of
planes.
答案D
解析推理判断题。由最后两段可知,让飞机在空中飞直线,使用混合动力飞机,在飞机油箱里加入高达半数的生物燃料等都可以减少飞机排放物,因此选D项。
26.How
does
the
author
like
the
UN’s
deal
to
control
emissions?
A.Optimistic. B.Doubtful.
C.Indifferent.
D.Disapproving.
答案B
解析观点态度题。由第四段可知,联合国希望在2020年之后能够控制飞机的碳排放量,但是这缺乏力度,因为只要航空公司做出补偿就还能继续排放碳,因此选B项。
27.Which
of
the
following
is
closest
in
meaning
to
the
underlined
word
“evaporates”
in
Paragraph
3?
A.Disappears.
B.Strengthens.
C.Clarifies.
D.Challenges.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。由第三段可知,谈到不吃肉、骑自行车出行和吃本地食物的生态效应时人们都滔滔不绝,但是谈到坐飞机的时候,这些声音就消失了,从语境以及关键词noisy,But和noise
可推知,evaporate意为“消失”。
C
Wheat
is
a
main
source
of
food
for
people
across
the
planet,accounting
for
a
fifth
of
the
calories
consumed
globally.But
as
a
result
of
climate
change,scientists
believe
most
parts
of
the
world
where
the
crop
is
grown
will
be
hit
by
water
shortages
by
the
end
of
the
century.And
the
U.S.could
be
among
the
countries
worst
affected,the
authors
of
the
research
published
in
the
journal
Science
Advances
told
Newsweek.
If
climate
change
isn’t
dealt
with,by
the
year
2100,60
percent
of
areas
that
grow
wheat
will
be
hit
by
water
scarcity—up
from
the
current
level
of
15
percent,according
to
the
international
team
of
scientists.
Co-authors
Miroslav
Trnka
and
Song
Feng
told
Newsweek
that
in
their
previous
research,they
had
shown
climate
change
may
cause
soil
to
become
less
moist
(湿润的)
across
most
mainland
U.S.states,including
those
where
wheat
is
grown.As
a
result,the
U.S.could
be
“one
of
the
top
most
affected
wheat
producers”
in
terms
of
the
increase
in
areas
affected
by
severe
droughts,they
said
in
a
joint
statement.
Worryingly,existing
research
has
predicted
a
4.0
to
6.5
percent
drop
in
global
wheat
production
per
1
degree
Celsius
of
warming
if
climate
change
isn’t
eased.And
it’s
unlikely
that
wheat
can
be
replaced
if
water
becomes
scarce,as
it’s
not
as
thirsty
as
other
crops
and
can
do
without
water
for
a
relatively
long
period
of
time.
“If
multiple
regions
are
affected
by
drought
at
the
same
time,it
might
be
difficult
to
meet
the
demand
even
if
the
trade
routes
stay
open
and
are
not
restricted
by
governmental
measures,”
warned
Feng
and
Trnka.However,they
said,“Studies
show
that
if
we
continuously
improve
the
sustainability
and
technologies
in
the
coming
decades
and
allow
for
international
trade,we
may
overcome
the
negative
impacts
of
climate
change.”
28.How
will
climate
change
hurt
wheat
production?
A.By
lowering
the
temperature.
B.By
reducing
the
water
supply.
C.By
polluting
the
soil.
D.By
flooding
the
field.
答案B
解析
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,由于气候变化,小麦种植地将受到缺水的影响,又根据第四段可知,缺水会影响小麦产量,故选B项。
29.What
can
we
learn
from
Paragraph
3?
A.Wheat
production
caused
droughts
in
most
mainland
U.S.states.
B.The
United
States
is
the
biggest
wheat
producer
in
the
world.
C.The
United
States
will
suffer
a
lot
from
climate
change.
D.Climate
change
is
closely
watched
by
American
scientists.
答案C
解析
推理判断题。根据第三段的内容,尤其是“the
U.S.could
be
‘one
of
the
top
most
affected
wheat
producers’
”可推知,美国将在气候变化中受到很大影响,故选C项。
30.Why
is
wheat
unlikely
to
be
replaced
by
other
crops
in
a
drought?
A.It
is
the
primary
food
for
most
countries.
B.It
is
not
influenced
by
global
warming.
C.It
is
widely
grown
in
most
countries.
D.It
needs
less
water
than
other
crops.
答案D
解析
细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知,小麦不像其他作物那样需要水,在相当长的一段时间内没有水也能存活,因此小麦不太可能被其他作物取代,故选D项。
31.In
which
section
of
a
newspaper
may
this
text
appear?
A.Health.
B.Science.
C.Education.
D.Entertainment.
答案B
解析
推理判断题。通读全文可知,这是一篇有关气候变化对小麦产量的影响的文章,由此可推知,本文可能出现在报纸的科学版块,故选B项。
D
As
ice
melts
in
West
Antarctica,the
ground
beneath
is
quickly
rising—a
process
that
could
prevent
the
catastrophic
(突难性的)
collapse
of
ice
sheets,according
to
researchers.
A
study
published
in
the
journal
Science
provides
a
glimmer
(一丝)
of
hope
for
a
region
affected
by
climate
change.In
recent
years,several
studies
have
warned
that
the
ice
sheet,which
contributes
to
a
quarter
of
melted
ice
worldwide
annually,is
very
easy
to
break
up.Scientists
fear
even
slightly
melting
could
cause
global
sea
levels
to
rise
by
3
meters.
Researchers
at
the
Technical
University
of
Denmark
set
out
to
answer
how
the
bedrock
underneath
the
ice
sheet
of
West
Antarctica
behaves
as
the
ice
melts.To
study
the
land,the
team
analyzed
data
collected
by
high-precision
GPS
equipment
positioned
on
remote
rock
formations
in
West
Antarctica,which
measured
movements
of
the
land
down
to
the
millimeter
over
a
10-year
period.
“After
a
heroic
effort
to
install
and
maintain
the
network
of
sensors
in
one
of
the
least
accessible
places
on
the
planet,the
team
has
been
rewarded
with
incredibly
valuable
data,which
tell
an
incredible
story
about
the
Earth,”
wrote
Valentina
Barletta.
The
team
found
that
the
Earth
was
pushing
the
bedrock
to
rise
faster
than
expected.In
2014,the
surface
rose
by
41
millimeters:four
to
five
times
quicker
than
predicted.In
100
years,the
land
could
be
up
to
10
meters
higher
than
it
is
currently.
It
is
hoped
that
as
the
ice
melts,the
Earth’s
crust
(地壳)
will
bounce
back
much
faster
than
previously
expected.In
turn,this
could
stabilize
what
the
researchers
described
as
the
“catastrophic
collapse”
of
the
ice
sheet.
Barletta
told
Newsweek
the
ice
sheet
will
never
be
stable
if
global
warming
becomes
too
extreme.“Reducing
the
greenhouse
gas
will
give
the
ice
sheet
a
better
chance
of
survival
because
that
would
allow
some
known
and
unknown
feedback
to
create
better
conditions
for
the
ice,”
she
said.
32.What
happens
to
West
Antarctica
as
ice
melts?
A.The
ground
beneath
is
getting
taller.
B.Its
ice
sheets
break
up
completely.
C.Global
sea
levels
rise
by
3
meters.
D.Climate
change
comes
to
an
end.
答案A
解析
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“As
ice
melts
in
West
Antarctica,the
ground
beneath
is
quickly
rising”可知,随着冰融化,西南极洲地下部分迅速上升。故选A项。
33.Why
do
researchers
use
high-precision
GPS
equipment?
A.To
find
out
whether
the
ice
sheet
is
very
easy
to
break
up.
B.To
find
out
the
connection
between
the
bedrock
and
ice
melting.
C.To
find
out
what
really
affects
the
speed
of
ice
melting.
D.To
find
out
when
West
Antarctica
will
disappear
totally.
答案B
解析
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“set
out
to
answer
how
the
bedrock
underneath
the
ice
sheet
of
West
Antarctica
behaves
as
the
ice
melts.To
study
the
land,the
team
analyzed
data
collected
by
high-precision
GPS
equipment”可知,研究人员使用这一设备的目的在于研究冰盖下的基岩与冰融化之间的联系。故选B项。
34.How
did
the
research
team
feel
about
the
study
result?
A.Disappointed.
B.Sorry.
C.Surprised.
D.Angry.
答案C
解析
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“than
expected”
“than
predicted”可知,研究者对研究结果感到意外。故选C项。
35.What
should
we
do
for
the
ice
sheet’s
survival?
A.Stop
the
bedrock
from
rising.
B.Install
more
high-precision
GPS
equipment.
C.Create
more
ice
for
the
ice
sheet.
D.Cut
down
the
greenhouse
gas.
答案D
解析
细节理解题。根据第七段第二句中的“Reducing
the
greenhouse
gas
will
give
the
ice
sheet
a
better
chance
of
survival”可知,减少温室气体排放将使冰盖有更好的幸存机会。由此可知D项符合题意。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When
high
temperatures
are
around
the
country,some
things
also
go
up.Here
are
four
things
expected
to
rise
along
with
our
desire
to
stay
indoors
and
beat
the
heat.
Sales
of
goods
that
keep
you
cool
Malls
are
high
on
the
list
of
places
where
people
often
for
free
air
conditioning
outside
home
in
summer. 36
Goods
related
to
keeping
cool,like
air
conditioners,fans
or
sun
care
items,are
very
popular.?
37 ?
Pests
like
stink
bugs
(椿象)
grow
fast
during
summer
heat
waves,and
many
agriculture
experts
are
expecting
a
repeat
of
last
year’s
outbreak
that
harmed
fruit
and
crops,particularly
on
the
East
Coast.
Energy
bills
38
With
all
those
air
conditioners
and
fans
working,it
makes
sense
that
energy
bills
will
be
higher
than
average. 39 “Not
only
are
people
going
to
have
extremely
high
energy
bills
for
July,it
will
also
put
increased
stress
on
power
plants,and
we’re
going
to
see
more
air
pollution
because
of
it,”
says
Angle
Fritz.?
Violence
Heat
waves
may
cause
violence,right?“Not
necessarily,”
says
Richard
Larrick,a
researcher.He
took
a
unique
look
at
the
relationship
between
violence
and
heat
through
baseball.Larrick
and
his
research
team
examined
57,294
Major
League
Baseball
games
taking
place
between
1962
and
2017
and
found
that
while
heat
may
increase
violence,there
always
has
to
be
a
motive.“ 40
Instead,heat
affects
a
specific
form
of
violence,”
he
said.?
A.Air
pollution
B.Pest
population
C.Rising
heat
is
the
expected
response
in
any
summer.
D.Heat
does
not
directly
lead
to
more
violence
in
general.
E.More
and
more
people
are
worried
about
their
expenses.
F.As
more
energy
is
used,air
quality
problems
may
occur.
G.So
it’s
not
a
surprise
that
some
sales
jump
during
heat
waves.
答案36~40
GBEFD
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One
Saturday
afternoon,my
mother
was
driving
home.On
the
halfway,after
41
her
credit
card
to
buy
something
at
the
store
near
the
gas
station,she
put
her
wallet
on
the
top
of
her
car
just
for
a
moment
to
42
my
phone
call.And
then
43 ,she
forgot
and
drove
off.When
arriving
home,she
realized
that
and
thought
the
44
of
getting
it
again
was
small.?
She
was
so 45
surprised
when
she
found
a
46
on
her
door
from
a
person
who
said
he
and
his
friend
found
her
wallet
a
few
hours
earlier.Patrick
and
Catherine
saw
the
wallet
in
the
middle
of
the
road
a
few
47
from
the
gas
station.They
stopped
their
car
to
48 .It
was
filled
with
all
the
things
one
usually
kept
in
a
wallet,including
some
49
and
other
cash,however,no
phone
number. 50
this,they
managed
to
get
a(n)
51
from
my
mother’s
driving
licence,and
without
hesitation,they
decided
to
drive
to
our
home
to
52
it.?
When
my
mother
went
to
get
her
wallet,she
was
so 53
and
grateful.She
54
to
give
them
some
money
as
a(n)
55
of
gratitude,but
they
refused,saying
that
they
were
just
glad
to
56
my
mother
help.?
They
were
naturally 57 ,and
they
had
firm
58
in
the
Golden
Rule
as
well.They
drove
to
our
home
because
they
realized
the
unpleasant
and
upset
experience
the
loss
of
a
wallet
and
all
its
contents
could
59 .I
think
they
were
really
60
and
helpful.?
41.A.pulling
out
B.applying
for
C.paying
for
D.making
out
答案A
解析由下文的“she
put
her
wallet
on
the
top
of
her
car
just
for
a
moment”的提示可知,此处指母亲取出她的信用卡去购买一些东西。pull
out
“取出,拉出”;apply
for“申请”;pay
for
“支付”;make
out
“理解”。
42.A.make
B.answer
C.hear
D.send
答案B
解析为了接听作者的电话,作者的母亲把钱包放在车顶一会儿。answer“回答,接听”。
43.A.carefully
B.ridiculously
C.obviously
D.deliberately
答案C
解析由下文的“she
forgot
and
drove
off.When
arriving
home,she
realized”的提示可知,此处指“明显地”。carefully“仔细地”;ridiculously“荒谬地”;obviously“明显地”;deliberately“故意地”。
44.A.amount
B.expectation
C.thought
D.chance
答案D
解析当母亲到家的时候,她意识到了这件事,并且认为再次得到它的可能性很小。amount“数量”;expectation“期望”;thought“想法”;chance
“机会,可能性”。
45.A.curiously
B.joyfully
C.willingly
D.strangely
答案B
解析由空后的“when
she
found
a
46
on
her
door
from
a
person
who
said
he
and
his
friend
found
her
wallet
a
few
hours
earlier”的提示可知,母亲感到既髙兴又惊奇。curiously“好奇地”;joyfully“高兴地”;willingly“乐意地”;strangely“奇怪地”。?
46.A.sign
B.signal
C.note
D.postcard
答案C
解析母亲发现门上有一个便条。sign“迹象”;signal“信号”
;note
“便条”;postcard“明信片”。
47.A.stops
B.hours
C.squares
D.blocks
答案D
解析由“Patrick
and
Catherine
saw...They
stopped
their
car
to
48 .”的提示可知,Patrick和Catherine在离加油站几个街区远的路中间发现了这个钱包,他们停下车捡起了它。stop“车站”;hour“小时”;square
“广场”;block“街区”。?
48.A.pick
it
up
B.look
it
up
C.take
it
out
D.put
it
out
答案A
解析pick
sth.up
“捡起某物”,符合语境。
49.A.pictures
B.envelopes
C.bills
D.napkins
答案C
解析由上文的“It
was
filled
with
all
the
things
one
usually
kept
in
a
wallet”的提示以及常识可知,钱包里有一些账单和其他的现金。picture“画,照片”;envelope“信封”;bill“账单”;napkin“餐巾”。
50.A.Instead
of
B.Despite
C.Without
D.Beneath
答案B
解析由“however,no
phone
number. 50
this,they
managed
to
get
a(n)
51
from
my
mother’s
driving
licence”的提示可知,钱包里面没有电语,尽管如此,他们还是从作者母亲的驾照上得到了一个地址。instead
of“代替”;despite“尽管”;without“没有”;beneath“在下面”。?
51.A.number
B.photograph
C.address
D.index
答案C
解析这里指从作者母亲的驾照上得到了一个地址,故选C项。number“数字”;photograph“相片”;address“地址”;index“索引”。
52.A.get
B.check
C.exchange
D.return
答案D
解析他们毫不犹豫地开车来到我们家把钱包归还给了母亲。get“得到”;check“检査”;exchange“交换”;return“归还”。
53.A.upset
B.relieved
C.fortunate
D.warm-hearted
答案B
解析当母亲去拿钱包的时候,她感到非常宽慰和感激。upset“沮丧的”;relieved“宽慰的”;fortunate“幸运的”;warm-hearted“热心的”。
54.A.intended
B.advised
C.demanded
D.instructed
答案A
解析由上文的“When
my
mother
went
to
get
her
wallet,she
was
so
53
and
grateful.”的提示可知,母亲打算给他们一些钱来表示感激。intend“打算”;advise“建议”;demand“要求”;instruct“指导,说明”。?
55.A.feeling
B.mood
C.present
D.expression
答案D
解析这里指表示感激。feeling“感觉”;mood“情绪,心情”;present“礼物”;expression
“表达,表示”。
56.A.offer
B.share
C.trust
D.seek
答案A
解析但是他们拒绝了,他们说他们很乐意给母亲提供帮助。offer
sb.sth.“提供某人某物”。
57.A.honest
B.selfish
C.frank
D.creative
答案A
解析他们表现自然,很诚实。honest“诚实的”;selfish“自私的”;frank“坦率的”;creative“有创造力的”。
58.A.courage
B.faith
C.support
D.devotion
答案B
解析而且他们对于黄金规则也有着坚定的信心。have
faith
in
sb./sth.“对某人/某物有信心”。
59.A.fulfill
B.ignore
C.value
D.cause
答案D
解析由空前的“because
they
realized
the
unpleasant
and
upset
experience
the
loss
of
a
wallet
and
all
its
contents
could”的提示可知,他们意识到了失去钱包和钱包里的所有东西可能会引起的令人不愉快和烦恼的经历。fulfill“实现”;ignore“忽视”;value“重视”;cause“引起”。
60.A.ambitious
B.civilized
C.polite
D.considerate
答案D
解析由“They
drove
to
our
home...its
contents
could
59 .”的提示可知,作者认为他们真的是考虑周到而且乐于助人的人。ambitious“有野心的”;civilized
“文明的”;polite“有礼貌的”;considerate“考虑周到的”。?
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
boy
found
a
cocoon
(茧)
of
a
butterfly
and
watched
the
butterfly
for
several
hours
as
it
struggled
to
force
its
body
61.
that
little
hole.Suddenly
it
stopped
62. (make)
any
progress
because
it
63.(stick).So
he
cut
off
the
remaining
part
of
the
cocoon.64.
it
had
a
swollen
body
and
small
wings,the
butterfly
then
came
out
65. (easy).The
boy
waited
for
the
wings
to
become
66. (large)
to
support
it.But
it
didn’t
happen.In
fact,it
must
have
67.
hard
struggle
to
get
its
68.(free)
from
the
cocoon.The
boy
didn’t
understand
that
the
restricting
cocoon
and
the
struggle
69.(need)
by
the
butterfly
were
a
way
to
prepare
itself
for
flying
once
it
was
out
of
the
cocoon.?
Our
struggles
in
life
develop
our
strength,without
70.
we
never
get
stronger,so
it’s
important
for
us
to
handle
challenges
on
our
own,and
not
to
rely
on
others
for
help.
答案61.through 62.making 63.stuck 64.Although/Though 65.easily 66.larger 67.a 68.freedom
69.needed 70.which
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When
I
was
young,I
lived
in
the
countryside.At
that
time,the
trees
there
were
very
green,that
left
a
deep
impression
on
me
and
the
water
there
was
so
much
clear
that
I
even
could
see
the
fish
swimming.When
it
gets
dark,the
air
was
cooler
than
it
in
the
daytime.People
liked
to
walk
out
their
houses
to
chat
together.I
liked
to
play
games
with
my
friends
but
ran
along
the
village
happily.As
the
moon
rose
highly
in
the
sky,the
village
was
lighting.When
I
looked
up,I
could
see
the
moon
and
a
few
star.They
were
so
close
to
me.It
seemed
that
I
could
touch
them.The
life
in
the
countryside
were
so
wonderful.
答案第二句:第二个that→which;删除much
第三句:gets→got;it→that
第四句:out后加of
第五句:but→and
第六句:highly→high;lighting→lighted/lit/light
第七句:star→stars
第十句:were→was
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
请以“Protecting
our
environment”为题,写一篇关于环境保护的短文。要求内容包括以下几个要点,词数100左右。
1.经济发展的同时,我们正遭受越来越多自然灾害的侵害;
2.我们应该采取措施保护环境;
3.如果不马上行动,我们就会受到惩罚。
参考词汇:以……为代价at
the
cost
of
受破坏的环境damaged
environment
?
?
?
?
?
?
【写作指导】
※主题
Protecting
our
environment
※必备词汇
development,economy,protect,punish,act,nature,at
the
cost
of
※必备句型
With
the
development
of...,people
come
to
realize...
We
should
take
measures
to
protect...Those
who
pollute
rivers
and
seas
should
be
punished.It
is
certain
that
we’ll
be
punished
by
nature...
参考范文
Protecting
our
environment
With
the
rapid
development
of
world
economy,many
people
come
to
realize
that
we
got
the
development
at
the
cost
of
our
environment.It
is
often
reported
that
we
are
suffering
more
and
more
disasters
because
of
the
damaged
environment.
If
we
human
beings
are
clever
enough,we
should
take
measures
to
protect
our
environment
right
now.If
we
don’t,the
earth
would
come
to
an
end.We
should
pass
laws
to
forbid
cutting
down
trees.Those
who
pollute
rivers
and
seas
should
be
punished.Wild
animals
should
be
well
protected.Everyone
should
know
the
importance
of
protecting
the
environment.
As
is
known
to
all,if
we
act
soon
enough,we
can
still
have
a
bright
future.If
we
don’t,it
is
certain
that
we
will
be
punished
by
nature.Unit
4Global
warming
主题语境:人与自然——环境保护
Section
Ⅰ—
Warming
Up,Pre-reading,Reading
&
Comprehending
课后篇巩固提升
一、写作词汇
预习Reading部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。
1.—The
boy
said
he
could
lift
the
heavy
stone.
—There’s
no
(疑问)
about
it.?
答案doubt
2.—I
(瞥见)
at
Tom
in
the
street
just
now.?
—Impossible.It
can’t
be
him.He’s
gone
to
Shanghai.
答案glanced
3.—How
often
do
you
(订阅)
newspapers??
—It
depends,but
usually
twice
a
year.
答案subscribe
to
4.—There’s
a
(稳定的)
increase
in
the
temperature
during
the
recent
years
after
2018.?
—Yes,it
has
been
like
this
for
a
few
years.
答案steady
5.The
scientist
(声称)
that
the
temperature
is
going
to
(继续)
(上升)
for
decades
or
centuries
(即使)
we
start
to
reduce
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
greenhouse
gases.?
答案stated;keep
on;going
up;even
if
二、阅读词汇
预习Reading部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思。
Dear
Ray,
Recently,our
manager
told
me
to
sort
out
the
fuel
1.
consumption
in
our
company
and
draw
a
graph
2.
to
show
how
much
fuel
is
consumed
3.
per
month.?
I
don’t
want
to
make
the
graph
at
random
4. .Could
you
please
help
me
collect
some
useful
data
5.
so
that
I
can
make
a
detailed
graph??
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
can
help
me.
Looking
forward
to
your
early
reply!
Yours,
Li
Hua
答案1.燃料 2.图表 3.消费 4.随便地 5.资料
三、根据汉语及括号内的提示完成句子
1.他声明他迟到是高速公路上车辆过多所致。(state;be
due
to)
He
that
his
lateness
? the
very
heavy
traffic
on
the
motorway.?
答案stated;was
due
to
2.这次事件导致她失去了所拥有的一切。(consequence)
She
lost
everything
she
owned
the
event.?
答案as
a
consequence
of
3.这里夏天雨水多,干燥的天气少。(tend;rather
than)
It
a
lot
here
in
summer
be
dry.?
答案tends
to
rain;rather
than
4.小吉姆不愿意到这里来,即使这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。(range)
Little
Jim
is
unwilling
to
come
here
even
if
there
is
for
children.?
答案a
full
range
of
activities
5.这个国家的人口每年都以稳定的速度在增长。(steady)
The
population
of
the
country
is
growing
per
year.?
答案at
a
steady
rate
6.尽管她有时很恼人,但我还是喜欢她。
I
like
her
she
can
be
annoying.?
答案even
if/though
7.毫无疑问,我们的实验将会成功。
our
experiment
will
succeed.?
答案There
is
no
doubt
that
8.在过去的10年里,我的家乡发生了极大的变化。(take
place)
in
my
hometown
in
the
past
ten
years.?
答案Great
changes
have
taken
place
9.请告诉我事故是怎么发生的。(come
about)
Please
tell
me
.?
答案how
the
accident
come
about
10.他强烈反对禁止香烟广告。(be
opposed
to)
He
the
ban
on
cigarette
advertising.?
答案is
strongly
opposed
to
四、阅读理解
A
A
new
study
shows
that
rising
levels
of
planet-warming
gases
may
reduce
important
nutrients
in
food
crops.
Researchers
studied
the
effects
of
carbon
dioxide
on
rice.In
the
experiment,scientists
grew
18
kinds
of
rice
in
fields
in
China
and
Japan.They
set
carbon
dioxide
levels
to
what
scientists
predict
for
our
planet
by
the
end
of
the
century.Rice
grown
under
high
carbon
dioxide
conditions
had,on
average,13
to
30
percent
lower
levels
of
four
B
vitamins
and
10
percent
less
protein(蛋白质).The
crops
also
had
8
percent
less
iron
and
5
percent
less
zinc
than
rice
grown
under
normal
conditions.However,vitamin
E
levels
increased
by
about
13
percent
on
average.
The
researchers
said
the
effects
of
planet-warming
gases
would
be
most
severe
for
the
poorest
citizens
in
some
of
the
least
developed
countries.These
people
generally
eat
the
most
rice
and
have
the
least
complex
diets.That
includes
about
600
million
people
in
Indonesia,Cambodia,Myanmar,Bangladesh,Laos
and
other
nations,mainly
in
Southeast
Asia.
Other
studies
have
shown
that
higher
temperatures
resulting
from
climate
change
and
extreme
weather
will
reduce
food
production.But
scientists
are
finding
that
rising
levels
of
carbon
dioxide
and
other
planet-warming
gases
threaten
food
quality.
Earlier
studies
showed
that
wheat,rice,peas
and
soybeans
grown
under
high
carbon
dioxide
conditions
all
had
lower
levels
of
protein
and
minerals.Scientists
predicted
that
almost
150
million
people
might
be
at
risk
of
having
too
little
protein
or
zinc
in
their
diet
by
2050.
The
new
study
suggests
a
way
to
lower
the
nutritional
harm
of
climate
change.That
is
to
grow
different
forms
of
rice
that
can
adapt
to
higher
carbon
dioxide
levels.
1.Growing
rice
under
high
carbon
dioxide
conditions
may .?
A.increase
iron
in
the
rice
B.make
it
more
delicious
C.cause
a
loss
of
vitamin
E
D.make
it
less
nutritious
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Rice
grown
under
high
carbon
dioxide
conditions
had,on
average,13
to
30
percent
lower
levels
of
four
B
vitamins
and
10
percent
less
protein(蛋白质).The
crops
also
had
8
percent
less
iron
and
5
percent
less
zinc
than
rice
grown
under
normal
conditions.”可知,在二氧化碳含量高的条件下生长的水稻所含的营养物质比正常情况下生长的水稻少了很多。故D项正确。
2.How
can
people
reduce
the
nutritional
harm
of
climate
change?
A.By
importing
rice
from
China
and
Japan.
B.By
taking
other
kinds
of
food
instead
of
rice.
C.By
avoiding
eating
rice
from
Southeast
Asia.
D.By
growing
rice
suitable
for
the
environment.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知,减少气候变化对水稻营养破坏的方法是种植一些能够适应二氧化碳含量较高的气候条件的水稻品种。故D项正确。
3.What’s
the
author’s
purpose
of
writing
the
text?
A.To
inform
readers
of
what
nutrients
food
crops
contain.
B.To
call
on
people
to
care
for
the
planet
they
live
on.
C.To
share
the
results
of
some
studies
on
people’s
diets.
D.To
tell
readers
where
food
crops
are
mainly
produced.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段和倒数第二段可知,在二氧化碳含量高的条件下生长的水稻、小麦、豌豆、大豆等植物,其营养物质都有不同程度的丢失,这些对人类生存产生了威胁,因此本文是为了提醒人们关爱我们生活的地球。故B项正确。
4.In
which
part
of
a
magazine
can
you
read
the
text?
A.Advertisement. B.Arts
and
culture.
C.Science
report.
D.Business
news.
答案C
解析推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了温室气体可导致农作物营养含量降低,这属于科学研究的范围,与广告、文化艺术及商业新闻无关,故C项正确。
B
There
are
only
a
few
truly
pleasant
smells
to
wake
up
to
in
the
morning.For
me,it’s
the
smell
of
freshly
brewed
coffee.Just
a
sniff
of
it
makes
me
jump
out
of
bed
and
rush
to
the
kitchen
for
a
gulp
of
the
hot
black
liquid.
If
you’re
a
big
fan
of
coffee,you’ll
understand
that
opening
a
new
packet
of
coffee
releases
an
amazing
smell
—
fresh,roasted
coffee
beans.And
you’ll
be
able
to
identify
the
beans’
origin
—
Colombia,Vietnam
or
Brazil.Tim
Hayward
is
a
food
writer
and
coffee
shop
owner;he
believes
the
smell
is
absolutely
vital.“When
you
walk
into
the
coffee
shop
in
the
morning
and
that
smell
hits
you,you’re
getting
physiological
responses.”
I
know
from
experience
when
I
walk
into
a
cafe,my
mouth
begins
to
water
and
it’s
the
smell
that
makes
me
feel
good.However,this
feeling
sometimes
turns
to
disappointment.This
is
particularly
the
case
when
I
order
a
coffee
to
go
in
a
tall
paper
cup
and
sip
the
liquid
through
a
hole
in
the
lid.Yes,it’s
convenient,but
is
it
really
the
right
way
to
appreciate
it?
You
walk
into
the
coffee
shop,you
get
the
smell,but
when
you
actually
take
the
drink
out,you
are
drinking
it
from
something
that
is
designed
to
deliver
the
hot
liquid
directly
past
your
tongue,but
prevent
any
smell
coming
up
to
your
nose.As
well
as
eliminating
the
smell,takeaway
coffee
cups
create
a
lot
of
waste
and
a
vast
majority
of
them
still
don’t
get
recycled.So
maybe
now
is
the
time
to
really
wake
up
and
smell
the
coffee
by
drinking
from
a
cup
in
a
cafe,chatting
with
friends
and
saving
the
planet!
5.In
which
aspect
does
the
author
agree
with
Tim
Hayward?
A.Drinking
coffee
is
the
first
thing
in
the
morning.
B.Coffee
beans’
origin
makes
all
the
differences.
C.Some
people
are
addicted
to
drinking
coffee.
D.It’s
the
smell
of
coffee
that
really
matters.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“For
me,it’s
the
smell
of
freshly
brewed
coffee.”以及第二段第三句中的“he
believes
the
smell
is
absolutely
vital”可知,两人都认为咖啡的味道非常重要。故选D项。
6.What
does
the
author
complain
about?
A.The
process
of
making
coffee.
B.The
high
temperature
of
coffee.
C.The
design
of
the
paper
coffee
cup.
D.The
inconvenience
of
buying
coffee.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句和第四段第一句中的“you
are
drinking
it
from
something
that
is
designed
to
deliver
the
hot
liquid
directly
past
your
tongue,but
prevent
any
smell
coming
up
to
your
nose”可知,纸咖啡杯的设计令作者不满。故选C项。
7.What
can
replace
the
word
“eliminating”
underlined
in
Paragraph
4?
A.Creating.
B.Removing.
C.Increasing.
D.Changing.
答案B
解析词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句中的“prevent
any
smell
coming
up
to
your
nose”并结合画线词所在的句子可推知,该词的含义与prevent含义相近,故选B项。
8.What
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
text?
A.Wake
up
and
Smell
the
Coffee
B.Try
to
Be
a
Real
Lover
of
Coffee
C.Drink
Coffee
to
Save
the
Planet
D.Choose
Takeaway
Coffee
for
Convenience
答案A
解析主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“For
me,it’s
the
smell
of
freshly
brewed
coffee.”并结合文章其他内容可知,全文围绕咖啡的味道展开叙述,主要讲述了作者对咖啡味道的喜爱,并表述了用纸杯装咖啡的坏处,故A项最适合作本文标题。
五、短文改错
Yesterday
afternoon
my
friends,Xiao
Ming,and
I
went
skating
on
the
lake.As
soon
as
we
got
here,we
began
to
skate
happily.Suddenly,I
noticed
something
usual.The
moment
I
warned
Xiao
Ming
to
take
care
of,the
ice
broke
but
he
slipped
into
the
water.I
had
no
choice
but
cry
for
help.After
hearing
my
cry,a
young
man
rushed
over,jumped
into
the
lake
and
tried
my
best
to
swim
towards
Xiao
Ming,that
was
struggling
in
the
cold
water.At
last,Xiao
Ming
was
saved
but
the
young
man
left
without
say
anything.We
were
all
deeply
moved
by
what
he
have
done.
答案第一句:friends→friend
第二句:here→there
第三句:usual→unusual
第四句:去掉of;but→and
第五句:but后加to
第六句:第二个my→his;that→who
第七句:say→saying
第八句:have→hadUnit
4Global
warming
主题语境:人与自然——环境保护
Section
Ⅱ—
Learning
about
Language,Using
Language,
Summing
Up
&
Learning
Tip
课后篇巩固提升
一、单句改错
1.As
the
whole,your
plan
is
quite
practical.
?
答案the→a
2.He
isn’t
the
best;he
is
just
on
the
average.
?
答案on→above
3.An
average
of
100
letters
is
answered
by
the
secretary
every
day.
?
答案is→are
4.I
am
greatly
honored
to
make
a
speech
here
on
behalf
for
our
school.
?
答案for→of
5.The
company
advocates
all
the
employees
need
do
some
physical
exercise
during
the
break.
?
答案need→should或省略need
6.What
I
can’t
put
up
is
his
coldness
during
our
stay
there.
?
答案up后加with
7.Every
citizen
should
make
a
contribution
to
protect
the
image
of
our
city.
?
答案protect→protecting
8.Under
any
circumstances
will
we
let
out
his
secret.
?
答案any→no
二、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
put
up
with under
no
circumstances on
behalf
of above
average and
so
on on
the
whole so
long
as make
a
difference be
casual
about instead
of
1.He
made
a
speech
at
the
conference
his
school.?
答案on
behalf
of
2.I
don’t
know
how
you
can
their
endless
quarrels
every
day.?
答案put
up
with
3.If
you
know
a
foreign
language
you
can
tell
your
foreign
friends
about
your
family,your
hobbies
.?
答案and
so
on
4.
will
China
be
the
first
country
to
use
nuclear
weapons.?
答案Under
no
circumstances
5.You
can
borrow
my
car
you
promise
not
to
drive
too
fast.?
答案so
long
as
6.He
pretended
to
the
result
of
the
competition,even
though
he
cared
about
it
so
much.?
答案be
casual
about
7.
focusing
on
your
own
feelings,learn
to
look
for
the
love,beauty
and
kindness
around
you.?
答案Instead
of
8.It
would
have
if
you
had
told
me
this
two
days
earlier.?
答案made
a
difference
9.He
was
a
good
student
and
scored
in
most
subjects.?
答案above
average
10. ,the
damage
to
the
house
is
not
serious
and
it
could
be
repaired.?
答案On
the
whole
三、阅读理解
A
Sometimes
we
may
find
that
every
week
there
are
a
lot
of
new
stories
about
how
climate
change
is
affecting
the
planet,or
new
plans
to
battle
its
effects
like
the
one
announced
by
the
former
US
President
Barack
Obama
the
other
day.But
the
concept
itself
isn’t
new
at
all
—
in
fact,scientists
have
been
exploring
questions
about
climate
change
for
almost
200
years.
The
idea
of
“greenhouse
gases”
goes
back
to
1824,when
Joseph
Fourier
wondered
what
was
regulating
the
earth’s
temperature.Fourier
concluded
that
the
atmosphere
must
be
responsible
for
containing
the
heat
absorbed
from
the
sun
and
described
it
as
a
box
with
a
glass
lid:As
light
shines
through
the
glass,the
inside
gets
warmer
as
the
lid
traps
the
heat.As
Fourier’s
ideas
spread,it
came
to
be
called
“
the
greenhouse
effect”.
Scientists
continued
to
study
the
greenhouse
effect.Until
a
Swedish
chemist
named
Svante
Arrhenius
came
along,scientists
understood
how
global
warming
actually
works.After
years
of
work,Arrhenius
determined
that
the
level
of
carbon
dioxide
in
the
atmosphere
did
in
fact
have
a
direct
effect
on
global
temperatures.
Arrhenius
found
that
CO2,and
other
gases
trap
radiation,which
warms
the
atmosphere.Arrhenius
was
the
first
to
suspect
that
burning
coal
could
contribute
to
the
greenhouse
effect.But
Arrhenius
welcomed
the
warming
effect
on
the
planet.At
a
lecture
later
that
year,Arrhenius
noted
that
creatures
of
a
warmer
earth
“might
live
under
a
milder
sky
and
in
less
barren
surroundings”.
While
Arrhenius’
findings
won
him
the
1903
Nobel
Prize
in
Chemistry,scientists
kept
debating
whether
the
greenhouse
effect
was
increasing
until
1950,when
researchers
finally
began
to
find
strong
data
to
support
it.By
the
end
of
the
1950s,American
scientists
had
been
sounding
the
alarm
on
the
long-term
consequences
of
climate
change.Climate
change
research
has
come
a
long
way
since
Fourier
first
described
the
greenhouse
effect.Maybe
Arrhenius
should
have
been
more
careful
of
what
he
wished
for.
1.What
can
we
know
from
Paragraph
1?
A.Climate
change
has
caused
terrible
disasters.
B.The
topic
of
climate
change
has
been
talked
a
lot.
C.Scientists
should
work
harder
to
research
climate
change.
D.The
whole
world
should
cooperate
to
protect
the
environment.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Sometimes
we
may...the
other
day.”可知,第一段讲述的是“关于气候变化的话题已经讨论了很多”。故选B项。
2.What
does
the
underlined
word
“it”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.The
atmosphere. B.The
idea.
C.The
earth.
D.The
earth’s
temperature.
答案A
解析
代词指代题。根据第二段可知,Fourier的结论是,大气层负责吸收来自太阳的热量,并将其描述为一个有玻璃盖子的盒子:当光线穿过玻璃时,内部温度会随着盖子吸收热量而升高。由此可知此处it指的是大气层。故选A项。
3.What
did
Arrhenius
think
of
the
greenhouse
effect?
A.It
was
beneficial
for
creatures
on
earth.
B.It
was
totally
responsible
for
climate
change.
C.It
brought
more
troubles
than
benefits
to
human
beings.
D.It
worked
as
a
punishment
for
harmful
human
activities.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But
Arrhenius
welcomed
the
warming
effect...surroundings.”可知,Arrhenius
认为温室效应对地球上的生物有益。故选A项。
4.What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
Arrhenius’
expectation?
A.Cautious.
B.Defensive.
C.Positive.
D.Negative.
答案D
解析
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Climate
change
research
has
come
a
long
way...Arrhenius
should
have
been
more
careful
of
what
he
wished
for.”可知,作者对Arrhenius的预测的态度是消极的。故选D项。
B
The
Antarctica’s
snow-white
environment
is
going
green
and
facing
other
unexpected
threats.Scientists
say
that
as
temperatures
go
up
in
the
polar
area,invading
(入侵)
plants
and
insects,including
the
flies,cause
a
major
threat.
More
and
more
of
these
invaders,in
the
form
of
larvae
(幼虫)
or
seeds,are
surviving
in
coastal
areas
around
the
South
Pole,where
the
temperature
has
risen
by
more
than
3°C
over
the
past
three
decades.Glaciers
have
melted,exposing
more
land
which
has
been
occupied
by
mosses
that
have
been
found
to
be
growing
more
quickly
and
thickly
than
ever
before
—
providing
potential
green
homes
for
invaders.
“The
common
house
flies
are
a
perfect
example
of
the
problem
the
Antarctica
now
faces
from
invading
species,”
said
Dominic
Hodgson
of
the
British
Antarctic
Survey.“They
come
in
on
ships,where
they
exist
in
kitchens
and
then
at
bases
on
the
continent.They
now
have
an
increasing
chance
of
surviving
in
the
Antarctica
as
it
warms
up,and
that
is
a
worry.Insects
like
the
house
flies
carry
bacteria
that
could
have
a
deadly
effect
on
native
life
forms.”
The
Antarctica
has
several
native
species
of
insects.Together
with
its
native
mosses,these
are
now
under
increased
threat
from
three
major
sources:visiting
scientists,increasing
number
of
tourists
and
global
warming.However,it
is
global
warming
that
is
the
main
driver
of
the
greening
of
Antarctica.
In
2015,more
than
38,000
tourists
visited
the
Antarctica.“These
tourists
are
often
very
careful
about
not
leaving
waste
or
having
mud.But
they
could
carry
seeds
or
larvae
on
their
boots
when
they
set
foot
on
the
Antarctica,”
said
Hodgson.
More
and
more
invasive
insects
and
plants
have
been
found
on
the
Antarctica
and
have
required
removal.“The
insects
and
plants
that
are
native
to
the
Antarctica
have
survived
there
for
thousands
of
years,”
said
Hodgson.“We
have
to
act
now
if
we
want
to
save
the
environment.”
5.What
does
the
underlined
word
“mosses”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.House
flies.
B.Coastal
areas.
C.A
kind
of
plant.
D.A
kind
of
animal.
答案C
解析
词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Glaciers
have
melted,exposing
more
land
which
has
been
occupied
by
mosses
that
have
been
found
to
be
growing
more
quickly
and
thickly
than
ever
before
—
providing
potential
green
homes
for
invaders.”可知,画线词指的是一种植物,故选C项。
6.What
is
the
main
cause
of
the
Antarctica
going
green?
A.The
arrival
of
scientists.
B.The
increasing
number
of
visitors.
C.The
rapid
spread
of
native
planting.
D.The
rising
temperature
around
the
world.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知,南极变绿的主要原因是“全球气温上升”。故选D项。
7.What
do
we
know
about
the
house
flies
in
the
Antarctica?
A.They
are
native
species
to
the
Antarctica.
B.They
will
die
out
because
of
the
freezing
weather.
C.They
come
to
the
Antarctica
from
nearby
islands
on
their
own.
D.They
severely
influenced
plants,insects
and
others
native
to
the
Antarctica.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,南极的家蝇严重影响了南极当地的其他物种。故选D项。
8.What’s
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.The
Antarctica
Is
Becoming
Green
and
Energetic
B.Various
Threats
Are
Putting
the
Antarctica
at
Risk
C.More
and
More
Scientists
Get
to
Explore
the
Antarctica
D.Global
Warming
Has
Caused
the
Temperature
in
the
Antarctica
to
Rise
Up
答案B
解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文讲述的是由于全球气温上升,各种各样的威胁正置南极于危险之中。故选B项。
四、七选五阅读理解
Reading
books
is
one
of
the
best
hobbies.It
not
only
helps
you
pass
your
time
but
also
helps
you
increase
your
knowledge
in
a
meaningful
manner. 1
Here
we
will
give
you
a
few
tips
that
can
help
you.?
●Fall
into
the
habit
of
borrowing
books
to
read.
This
is
a
very
old
school
practice
but
still
it
can
be
highly
effective.When
you
borrow
a
book,there
is
obviously
a
deadline
set. 2 ?
●Read
everywhere.
Keep
a
book
in
your
bag
and
read
it
anywhere
you
go.This
will
help
you
to
pass
your
time
in
a
very
productive
manner. 3
Anyway,you
can
read
your
book
24
hours
a
day.?
● 4 ?
This
can
easily
be
described
as
a
new
school
technique.You
can
read
out
to
your
brother
or
sister
and
this
will
enable
you
to
finish
your
book
as
well
as
increase
the
knowledge
and
understanding
of
your
brother
or
sister.
●Choose
your
books
very
carefully.
5
Thus
choose
your
books
very
carefully
in
order
to
enjoy
your
time
and
also
finish
your
book
effectively.If
you
choose
a
good
book
that
can
keep
you
interested
for
a
longer
period
of
time,there
is
no
way
that
you
are
going
to
leave
it
incomplete.?
A.Read
out
to
someone
else.
B.Realize
the
importance
of
reading
books.
C.Therefore,it
is
necessary
to
develop
the
reading
habit.
D.Find
an
excuse
to
read
every
day
just
by
visiting
book
clubs.
E.Yes,life
is
too
short
to
read
a
book
that
doesn’t
impress
you.
F.It
doesn’t
matter
whether
you
are
traveling
or
are
about
to
sleep.
G.This
can
encourage
you
to
read
it
often
to
finish
the
book
on
time.
答案1~5
CGFAE
五、语篇填空
Traffic
jams(堵塞)
are
a
common
problem
in
larger
cities.In
some
cities,traffic
jams
get
so
bad
during
rush
hour
that
it
is
sometimes
1. (fast)
to
walk
than
to
drive.Traffic
accidents
are
also
a
problem.Sadly
these
problems
are
not
easy
to
solve.However,a
traffic
system
(系统)
being
tested
in
several
cities
in
Northern
Europe
has
led
to
some
surprising
2. (result).?
The
system
3. (call)
“shared
streets”.It
is
a
system
that
has
very
few
traffic
laws.As
a
result,shared
street
areas
have
no
traffic
lights
or
street
signs.Although
most
people
would
expect
this
to
cause
the
number
of
traffic
jams
and
accidents
4. (go)
up,until
now
5.
has
been
a
great
drop
in
both.One
reason
6.
(be)
that
the
shared
streets
system
encourages
people
to
be
more
7.
(care).Without
traffic
rules,
people
slow
down
and
pay
more
attention
8.
each
other.Normal
traffic
systems,on
the
other
hand,depend
on
signs,9.
people
often
miss
or
don’t
follow,leading
to
accidents.Also,the
shared
streets
system
decreases(减少)
traffic
jams
because
without
fixed(固定的)
parking
spaces,it
is
easier
for
cars
to
move
around
10. (free)
when
there
is
a
lot
of
traffic.?
答案1.faster 2.results 3.is
called 4.to
go 5.there
6.is 7.careful 8.to 9.which 10.freely
