2012届高三英语培优试题五
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2012届高三英语培优试题五
一：“介词+关系代词”型定语从句五大考点。
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是英语语法中的难点和重点, 近年来高考对这一语法结构的考查大有升温之势。为便于同学们学习掌握，本人对它的几种考查热点进行了归纳和解析，希望同学们能举一反三，加以掌握并运用。
考点1： 简单介词+关系代词
知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom, 指物时只能用which；介词选择的依据主要是根据从句中的动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定；或者以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定；或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定，并且含有介词的短语动词不能拆开，介词仍然放在动词之后。
高考考例：
1. (2004全国) The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ _the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which
解析：关系代词which指代the journey, 定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.故答案选A。
2. (2004全国卷) The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.
A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which
解析：本句主句部分应是The English play at the New Year's party was a great success.从句补全为独立的句子是:My students acted in the play. 故答案选C。
3. (2004上海) American women usually identify their best friend as someone _______they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
解析：先行词为someone,被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with 可以放在关系代词之前，identify...as...意为“把……当作……”，故答案选D。
考点2： 复杂介词+关系代词
知识归纳： 用于此结构的关系代词有which, whom, whose。常用于该结构的复杂介词有：as a result of, at the back of, because of, by means of, for want of, in front of, in case of, on account of等。例如：
We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden.
Is there a certain test by means of which the No. 1 will be decided
考点3： 简单介词+关系代词+名词
知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词有which, whose。介词的选择取决于关系代词后的名词及整个句子含义。
高考考例：
(95上海) In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. ____time many people have gone home.
A. whose B. that C. on which D. by which
解析：介词by表示时间的意思是“到那时为止”。这句话的意思是“在办公室里，我似乎直到下午5：30才有空，那时许多人都已经回家了”。故答案选D。
考点4 ：the+ 名词+ of +关系代词
知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词只有which。该结构表示所有关系, 口语中常用“whose + 名词”代替。非正式文体中可以用“of which the +名词”。
高考考例：
(2000上海) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
解析：答案选B。本题就是一个考查the+ 名词+of+关系代词结构的一个典型例子。这里the price of which指代the price of the vase, 答案也可以是whose price。
考点5： 表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词
知识归纳：此时，指人的关系代词只能是whom, 指物的关系代词只能是which。表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, 数词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数)；数词+名词；the +最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, enough, half a, a quarter。
高考考例：
1. (2004湖北卷) There are two buildings, ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which
解析：答案为D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings; B选项缺少一个连词。
2. (2004辽宁卷) The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold abroad.
A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that
解析：答案为A。80% of which指代的是80% of the shoes。本题意为：这家工厂每年生产的50万双鞋子有80%都是销往国外的。
备考练习：
1. Yesterday Mr. Li finally bought his own house, _______ is a hospital.
A. in where B. to the east of which C. to the east of it D. in the east of that
2. My brother's purse, _______ he put ￥1,000, was missing on the bus.
A. there B. which C. in which D. that
3. The football match _______ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful.
A. in which B. which C. in that D. that
4. The reason _______ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour.
A. which B. in which C. for which D. of which
5. His glasses, _______ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy.
A. which B. without which C. with which D. without those
6. The computer, _______ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle.
A. which B. for which C. that D. to that
7. In the past we lost many chances, _______ we paid little attention.
A. which B. that C. in which D. to which
8. The pen, _______ I had been writing for ten years, was broken.
A. with which B. with that C. as D. with it
9. Mary has two brothers, ________ are doctors.
A. both of they B. both of whom C. both of them D. whom of both
10. The problem _______ you argued about yesterday has been solved.
A. that B. what C. why D. for which
11. My aunt bought me a book, the name _______ I have forgotten.
A. of it B. which C. whose D. of which
12. On the way home I met my friend John, from _______ home the thief had stolen a computer.
A. whom B. which C. that D. whose
13. I hate the way _______ you talk to your mother.
A. by which B. on which C. in which D. which
14. At last we found the hole in the wall _______ the mouse got into the house last night.
A. in which B. which C. through which D. by which
15. There are three girls in the room, ________ is Tom's sister.
A. the tallest of which B. the tallest of whom C. tallest of that D. tallest of which
16. I'll never forget the day _______ I bought my own guitar with my own money.
A. where B. on which C. on when D. that
17. She is just the girl, with _______ my brother came to visit me last month.
A. whom B. her C. that D. who
18. Last night we saw two movies, _______ was interesting.
A. both of which B. neither of which C. both of them D. neither of them
19. This is the house in _______ I was born thirty years ago.
A. it B. there C. which D. that
20. The reason for _______ he failed in the exam was that he was too careless.
A. which B. why C. that D. it
二：高考英语综合语法难题。
21. I ____ live in the countryside than in the city.
A. like to B. had better C. would rather D. prefer
22. The clock ____ twelve and I realized it was late.
A. hit B. rang C. struck D. beat
23. This science book ____ me a great amount of money.
A. took B. cost C. used D. spent
24. I ____ you the best luck in the exam.
A. wish B. hope C. expect D. want
25. He was too excited to ____.
A. go to bed B. sleep C. be asleep D. fall asleep
26. We are ____ making a plan for the meeting.
A. planning B. considering C. thinking D. supposing
27. What a nice ____ his coat is!
A. clothes B. suit C. fit D. dress
28. My trousers are too long. You'd better buy me a shorter ____.
A. one B. trouser C. set D. pair
29. He's so well-educated that he will certainly be offered a good ____.
A. service B. position C. business D. work
30. Green vegetables are ____ in winter and cost a lot.
A. scarce B. rare C. few D. little
31. You can't judge him by his ____. He might be a good boy.
A. face B. looks C. beauty D. expression
32. What's your ____ sport, swimming or skating
A. fit B. best C. popular D. favorite
33. I really have no ____ when they will arrive.
A. mind B. thought C. knowledge D. idea
34. The price of foreign oil is much ____ than ever.
A. cheaper B. expensive C. higher D. more
35. The furniture takes up a lot of ____.
A. places B. room C. spots D. spaces
36. The racers are ____ old people in their sixties.
A. most B. mostly C. almost D. at the most
37. The piece of ____ music made me forget my worries.
A. merry B. glad C. fond D. pleased
38. In which year did the Labor Party come into ____ in that country
A. change B. power C. force D. control
39. The enemy soldiers were beaten. They had no ____ but to give in.
A. possibility B. way C. selection D. choice
40. Lying in bed, he was ____ awake with his eyes fixed on the ceiling.
A. wide B. open C. deep D. clearly
41. From the same fact we drew different ____.
A. ideas B. theories C. results D. conclusions
42. Do you know how many basic ____ of blood there are in all
A. kinds B. sorts C. types D. forms
43. He was so tired that as soon as he lay down he fell____ asleep.
A. fast B. very C. much D. deep
44. The ____ of oil under the land made the people richer.
A. founding B. invention C. discovery D. existence
45. I had hoped that Henry would answer my question, but he remained ____.
A. quiet B. still C. ready D. silent
46. Father often turns to the doctor for ____ about his heart trouble.
A. help B. advice C. money D. support
47. He has such a poorly-paid job that twenty dollars a week was the ____ of his income.
A. all B. whole C. totals D. entire
48. It makes no ____ whether you go today or tomorrow.
A. means B. suggestion C. difference D. idea
49. Thoughts are expressed by ____ of words.
A. way B. method C. means D. forms
50. The book is so instructive that it is ____ worth reading twice.
A. very B. quite C. rather D. well
Class__________ No.______ Name_______________ Scores
高三英语培优试题
备考练习Key:1—5 BCACB 6—10 BDABA 11—15 DDCCB 16—20 BABCA
高三英语综合语法检测：21-25 CCBAD 26-30 BCDBA 31-35 BDDCB
36-40 BABDA 41-45 DCACD 46-50 BBCCD
一：“介词+关系代词”型定语从句五大考点。
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是英语语法中的难点和重点, 近年来高考对这一语法结构的考查大有升温之势。为便于同学们学习掌握，本人对它的几种考查热点进行了归纳和解析，希望同学们能举一反三，加以掌握并运用。
考点1： 简单介词+关系代词
知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom, 指物时只能用which；介词选择的依据主要是根据从句中的动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定；或者以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定；或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定，并且含有介词的短语动词不能拆开，介词仍然放在动词之后。
高考考例：
1. (2004全国) The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ _the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which
解析：关系代词which指代the journey, 定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.故答案选A。
2. (2004全国卷) The English play _______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.
A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which
解析：本句主句部分应是The English play at the New Year's party was a great success.从句补全为独立的句子是:My students acted in the play. 故答案选C。
3. (2004上海) American women usually identify their best friend as someone _______they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom
解析：先行词为someone,被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with 可以放在关系代词之前，identify...as...意为“把……当作……”，故答案选D。
考点2： 复杂介词+关系代词
知识归纳： 用于此结构的关系代词有which, whom, whose。常用于该结构的复杂介词有：as a result of, at the back of, because of, by means of, for want of, in front of, in case of, on account of等。例如：
We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden.
Is there a certain test by means of which the No. 1 will be decided
考点3： 简单介词+关系代词+名词
知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词有which, whose。介词的选择取决于关系代词后的名词及整个句子含义。
高考考例：
(95上海) In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. ____time many people have gone home.
A. whose B. that C. on which D. by which
解析：介词by表示时间的意思是“到那时为止”。这句话的意思是“在办公室里，我似乎直到下午5：30才有空，那时许多人都已经回家了”。故答案选D。
考点4 ：the+ 名词+ of +关系代词
知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词只有which。该结构表示所有关系, 口语中常用“whose + 名词”代替。非正式文体中可以用“of which the +名词”。
高考考例：
(2000上海) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
解析：答案选B。本题就是一个考查the+ 名词+of+关系代词结构的一个典型例子。这里the price of which指代the price of the vase, 答案也可以是whose price。
考点5： 表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词
知识归纳：此时，指人的关系代词只能是whom, 指物的关系代词只能是which。表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any, 数词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数)；数词+名词；the +最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, enough, half a, a quarter。
高考考例：
1. (2004湖北卷) There are two buildings, ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which
解析：答案为D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings; B选项缺少一个连词。
2. (2004辽宁卷) The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold abroad.
A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that
解析：答案为A。80% of which指代的是80% of the shoes。本题意为：这家工厂每年生产的50万双鞋子有80%都是销往国外的。
备考练习：
1. Yesterday Mr. Li finally bought his own house, _______ is a hospital.
A. in where B. to the east of which C. to the east of it D. in the east of that
2. My brother's purse, _______ he put ￥1,000, was missing on the bus.
A. there B. which C. in which D. that
3. The football match _______ the students competed yesterday was very wonderful.
A. in which B. which C. in that D. that
4. The reason _______ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour.
A. which B. in which C. for which D. of which
5. His glasses, _______ he could see nothing, was taken away by a naughty boy.
A. which B. without which C. with which D. without those
6. The computer, _______ he paid ￥3,000, was once owned by his uncle.
A. which B. for which C. that D. to that
7. In the past we lost many chances, _______ we paid little attention.
A. which B. that C. in which D. to which
8. The pen, _______ I had been writing for ten years, was broken.
A. with which B. with that C. as D. with it
9. Mary has two brothers, ________ are doctors.
A. both of they B. both of whom C. both of them D. whom of both
10. The problem _______ you argued about yesterday has been solved.
A. that B. what C. why D. for which
11. My aunt bought me a book, the name _______ I have forgotten.
A. of it B. which C. whose D. of which
12. On the way home I met my friend John, from _______ home the thief had stolen a computer.
A. whom B. which C. that D. whose
13. I hate the way _______ you talk to your mother.
A. by which B. on which C. in which D. which
14. At last we found the hole in the wall _______ the mouse got into the house last night.
A. in which B. which C. through which D. by which
15. There are three girls in the room, ________ is Tom's sister.
A. the tallest of which B. the tallest of whom C. tallest of that D. tallest of which
16. I'll never forget the day _______ I bought my own guitar with my own money.
A. where B. on which C. on when D. that
17. She is just the girl, with _______ my brother came to visit me last month.
A. whom B. her C. that D. who
18. Last night we saw two movies, _______ was interesting.
A. both of which B. neither of which C. both of them D. neither of them
19. This is the house in _______ I was born thirty years ago.
A. it B. there C. which D. that
20. The reason for _______ he failed in the exam was that he was too careless.
A. which B. why C. that D. it
二：高考英语综合语法难题。
21. I ____ live in the countryside than in the city.
A. like to B. had better C. would rather D. prefer
22. The clock ____ twelve and I realized it was late.
A. hit B. rang C. struck D. beat
23. This science book ____ me a great amount of money.
A. took B. cost C. used D. spent
24. I ____ you the best luck in the exam.
A. wish B. hope C. expect D. want
25. He was too excited to ____.
A. go to bed B. sleep C. be asleep D. fall asleep
26. We are ____ making a plan for the meeting.
A. planning B. considering C. thinking D. supposing
27. What a nice ____ his coat is!
A. clothes B. suit C. fit D. dress
28. My trousers are too long. You'd better buy me a shorter ____.
A. one B. trouser C. set D. pair
29. He's so well-educated that he will certainly be offered a good ____.
A. service B. position C. business D. work
30. Green vegetables are ____ in winter and cost a lot.
A. scarce B. rare C. few D. little
31. You can't judge him by his ____. He might be a good boy.
A. face B. looks C. beauty D. expression
32. What's your ____ sport, swimming or skating
A. fit B. best C. popular D. favorite
33. I really have no ____ when they will arrive.
A. mind B. thought C. knowledge D. idea
34. The price of foreign oil is much ____ than ever.
A. cheaper B. expensive C. higher D. more
35. The furniture takes up a lot of ____.
A. places B. room C. spots D. spaces
36. The racers are ____ old people in their sixties.
A. most B. mostly C. almost D. at the most
37. The piece of ____ music made me forget my worries.
A. merry B. glad C. fond D. pleased
38. In which year did the Labor Party come into ____ in that country
A. change B. power C. force D. control
39. The enemy soldiers were beaten. They had no ____ but to give in.
A. possibility B. way C. selection D. choice
40. Lying in bed, he was ____ awake with his eyes fixed on the ceiling.
A. wide B. open C. deep D. clearly
41. From the same fact we drew different ____.
A. ideas B. theories C. results D. conclusions
42. Do you know how many basic ____ of blood there are in all
A. kinds B. sorts C. types D. forms
43. He was so tired that as soon as he lay down he fell____ asleep.
A. fast B. very C. much D. deep
44. The ____ of oil under the land made the people richer.
A. founding B. invention C. discovery D. existence
45. I had hoped that Henry would answer my question, but he remained ____.
A. quiet B. still C. ready D. silent
46. Father often turns to the doctor for ____ about his heart trouble.
A. help B. advice C. money D. support
47. He has such a poorly-paid job that twenty dollars a week was the ____ of his income.
A. all B. whole C. totals D. entire
48. It makes no ____ whether you go today or tomorrow.
A. means B. suggestion C. difference D. idea
49. Thoughts are expressed by ____ of words.
A. way B. method C. means D. forms
50. The book is so instructive that it is ____ worth reading twice.
A. very B. quite C. rather D. well
Class__________ No.______ Name_______________ Scores
高三英语培优试题
备考练习Key:1—5 BCACB 6—10 BDABA 11—15 DDCCB 16—20 BABCA
高三英语综合语法检测：21-25 CCBAD 26-30 BCDBA 31-35 BDDCB
36-40 BABDA 41-45 DCACD 46-50 BBCCD