初中英语情态动词用法总结及练习（无答案）

专项：情态动词
一
考点：
情态动词的用法和辨析，情态动词表示推测和可能，由情态动词引导的一般疑问句的回答。
二
类型：1
只是情态动词：can,
could,
may,
might,
must
2
可做情态动词，可做实义动词：need,
dare
3
可做情态动词，可做助动词：
will,
would,
shall,
should
4
特殊：have
to,
ought
to,
used
to
三
特征：1
有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词和系动词连用构成谓语。
2
无人称和数的变化。（have
to
除外）
Eg:
He
has
to
stay
here.
3
后接动词原形。
4
具有助动词作用，可构成否定，疑问或简短回答。
四
用法：
1.
can
①
表示能力，“能，会”。Eg
:
Can
you
play
basketball?
②
表示怀疑，猜测，常用于否定句或疑问句。
Eg
:Li
hua
can’t
be
in
the
classroom.
③
表示请求，允许，多用于口语，译“可以”=
may.
Eg:
you
can
go
now.
④can
开头的疑问句，肯定句，否定句用can或
can’t.
2.could
①can
的过去式，表示过去的能力。
Eg
:I
could
swim
when
I
was
seven
years
old.
②could
开头的疑问句，肯定和否定回答用could,
couldn’t如果could
表示现在的委婉，用can
回答。
Eg:
Could
I
have
a
drink?
Yes,
you
can.
3.may
①
表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。
Eg:
He
may
come
tomorrow.
②
表示请求，“许可,可以”。Eg:
May
I
borrow
your
book?
注：表示请求，许可时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，否定回答用mustn’t“不可以，禁止，不许”,不用may
not“可能不”。
③表示祝愿。Eg
:May
you
success.
4.might
①表示“可以”，用于过去时中。
Eg:
He
told
me
I
might
smoke
in
the
room.
②用于现在时，表示说话更委婉，礼貌。
Eg:He
might
be
doing
his
lessons
now.
5.must
①表示“必须，应该”。
②表示推测，常用在肯定句中，表“一定”。
Eg:There
is
someone
knocking
at
the
door.It
must
be
Jim.
③否定句中，mustn’t
表示禁止，“不允许”。
④以must
开头的疑问句，肯定句回答用must,否定回答用needn’t
,
表示“不需要，不必”=“don’t
have
to”.
⑤表示“偏偏”。Eg:
Must
you
play
the
piano
at
this
time.
6.need
①情态动词：+do,用need
提问或回答，肯定句回答用must
,否定句回答用needn’t.
Eg:
You
needn’t
come
to
school
so
early.
②实义动词：+to
do
,用助动词提问和否定。
③+doing
表示被动。
④needn’t
have
done
表示没必要做某事但是做了。
Eg:
I
actually
needn’t
have
bought
so
much
wine.
7.dare
①情态动词，多用于疑问句，否定句，条件句中。
Eg:
I’m
afraid
you
dare
not
to
do
such
a
thing.
注：I
dare
say
习惯说成“也许，我想”。
Eg:
It
will
rain
this
afternoon,
I
dare
say.
②实义动词：dare
to
do
,用于肯定句中，当用于否定句或疑问句时，to
可以省略。Eg:
This
student
doesn’t
dare
to
raise
any
question
in
class.
8.shall
①用于第一人称表示征求意见，询问。
Eg:
Shall
I
open
the
window?
Shall
we
have
lunch
here?
②表示说话人的态度，“命令，警告，允诺，威胁”。
Eg:
You
shall
finish
your
homework
first.
③用于第三人称，在条约，规定，法令等文件中表示义务或规定，“应该，必须”。（不常用）
9.should
①表示义务，责任“应该”。Eg:We
should
obey
traffic
laws.
②作为shall
过去式，用于第一三人称，表示征求意见。Eg:Mr
lee
asked
if
he
should
get
his
visa.
③表示“竟然”。
Eg:
It’s
unthinkable
that
the
boy
should
sing
such
a
beautiful
song.
④表示说话人的特殊情感，如惊奇，愤怒，失望等。
Eg:
How
should
I
know?
⑤表示劝告，建议，“应该”。
Eg:
You
should
listen
to
your
teacher.
10.will
①用于第二人称表示询问，请求，也可以表达现在的“意愿”。Eg:
Will
you
pass
me
the
book?
②表示意愿，决定，允诺，用于各种人称。
Eg:
I
will
try
my
best
to
help
you.
③表示规律性的“注定会”。
Eg:
People
will
die
without
air
or
water.
11.would
①表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。
Eg:
Would
you
tell
me
the
way
to
the
station?
12.have
to
①“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要，含有时态的变化。
Eg:
I’ll
have
to
ask
Jim
instead.
②区别：must
表示“必须，应该“，主观看法。
13.ought
to
①表示职责，义务或要求，及人们应该去做的正确的事或好事。Eg:
Humans
ought
to
stop
polluting
nature.
②比should
语气强，ought
to
反映客观情况，should表示主观看法。
③ought
to
have
done
本应该做而没有做。
Eg:
You
are
late.
You
ought
to
have
arrived
five
minutes
earlier.
14.used
to
①表示“过去常常，过去是“，没有人称和数的变化，可以和过去的时间状语连用。否定形式：usedn’t
to
或didn’t
use
to
,疑问词将use提前或Did…use
to
…?
Eg:
He
didn’t
use
to
be
so
careless.
②区别
would
:带有主观性，并且现在做不做不知道。Used
to
:客观性，和现在进行对比，过去常常，现在就不怎么做了。
Eg:
He
would
phone
me
on
Sunday.
Eg:
I
used
to
be
very
fond
of
music
when
I
was
young.
③区别：be
used
to
doing
（情态动词）习惯于…
Used
to
do
（情态动词）过去是，过去常常…
Be
used
to
do
(过去式)
被用来做…
Eg:
I
am
already
used
to
noisy
city
life
here.
My
parents
used
to
live
in
South
America.
This
machine
is
used
to
cut
up
waste
paper.
15.其他：⑴had
better
do
最好做某事
Eg:
You
had
better
stay
at
home.
否定：had
better
not
do
⑵be
able
to
与can
表示能力时用法相同，但前者有时态的变化，有能力成功做某事。
Eg:
We
will
be
able
to
come
back
next
week.
专题练习：
1(
)
1
John___
come
to
see
us
tonight,
but
he
isn't
very
sure
yet.
A.
may
B.
can
C.
has
to
D.
must
(
)
2
They
___
do
well
in
the
exam.
A.
can
be
able
to
B.
be
able
to
C.
can
able
to
D.
are
able
to
(
)
3
-May
I
take
this
book
out?
-No,
you___.
A.
can't
B.
may
not
C.
needn't
D.
aren’t
(
)
4
You___
go
and
see
a
doctor
at
once
because
you're
got
a
fever.
A.
can
B.
must
C.
dare
D.
would
(
)
5
-Can
you
speak
Japanese?
-No,
I____.
A.
mustn't
B.
can't
C.
needn't
D.
may
not
2(
)
1
-He___
be
in
the
classroom,
I
think.
-No,
he
___
be
in
the
classroom.
I
saw
him
go
home
a
minute
ago.
A.
can;
may
not
B.
must;
may
not
C.
may;
can't
D.
may;
mustn’t
(
)
2
-Shall
I
get
one
more
cake
for
you,
Dad?
-Thanks,
but
you___,
I've
had
enough.
A.
may
not
B.
must
not
C.
can't
D.
needn’t
(
)
3
Even
the
top
students
in
our
class
can't
work
out
this
problem,
so
it??????
be
very
difficult.
A.
may
B.
must
C.
can
D.
need
(
)
4
He
isn't
at
school.
I
think
he
___
be
ill.
A.
can
B.
shall
C.
must
D.
has
to
(
)
5
___
I
take
this
one?
A.
May
B.
Will
C.
Are
D.
Do
3(
)
1
The
children___
play
football
on
the
road.
A.
can't
B.
can
C.
mustn't
D.
must
(
)
2
You
___
be
late
for
school
again
next
time.
A.
mustn't
B.
needn't
C.
don't
have
to
D.
don't
need
to
(
)
3
-Must
I
do
my
homework
at
once?
-No,
you___.
A.
needn't
B.
mustn't
C.
can't
D.
may
not
4(
)
1
His
arm
is
all
right.
He___
go
and
see
the
doctor.
A.
has
not
to
B.
don't
have
to
C.
haven't
to
D.
doesn't
have
to
(
)
2
He
had
to
give
up
the
plan,
___
he?
A.
did
B.
didn't
C.
does
D.
doesn't
(
)
3
They
had
to
walk
here,
___
they?
A.
mustn't
B.
did
C.
didn't
D.
hadn't
5(
)
1
He
had
better
stay
here,
___
he?
A.
didn't
B.
don't
C.
hadn't
D.
isn't
(
)
2
You'd
better___late
next
time.
A.
not
to
be
B.
not
be
C.
won't
be
D.
don't
be
(
)
3
You'd
better
___
your
hair
___
once
a
month.
A.
had;
cut
B.
had;
cutted
C.
have;
cut
D.
have;
cutted
(
)
4
You___
ask
that
man
over
there.
Maybe
he
knows
the
way.
A.
had
better
not
to
B.
had
not
better
C.
had
better
D.
had
better
not
6(
)
1
-Shall
we
go
and
visit
the
History
Museum
next
Sunday?
A.
Here
you
are
B.
Sorry,
I
can't
C.
Yes,
please
D.
Let
me
try
(
)
2
-Why
don't
you
ask
Mike
to
go
with
us?
-Thanks,
___.
A.
I
will
B.
I
won't
C.
lean
D.
I
may
(
)
3
-___
I
take
the
newspaper
away?
-No,
you
mustn't.
You____read
it
only
here.
A.
Must;
can
B.
May;
can
C.
Need;
must
D.
Must;
must
7(
)
1
Excuse
me.
___
you
please
pass
me
that
cup?
A.
Do
B.
Should
C.
Would
D.
Must
(
)
2
___
you
like
to
have
another
try?
A.
Could
B.
Will
C.
Would
D.
Do
(
)
3
-Would
you
like
to
go
boating
with
us?
-Yes,
___.A.
I'd
like
B.
I
want
C.
I'd
like
to
D.
I
do
8(
)
1
You___
worry
about
your
son.
He
will
get
well
soon.
A.
needn't
B.
can't
C.
mustn't
D.
have
to
(
)
2
The
poor
man
needs
our
help,
___
he?
A.
need
B.
needn't
C.
does
D.
doesn't
(
)
3
-Must
we
do
our
homework
first?
-No,
you___.
You
may
have
a
rest
first.
A.
mustn't
B.
needn't
C.
may
not
D.
can't
2