(共44张PPT)
相关定义
What is？
相关定义
1. 什么是名词？
表示人和事物的名称的词
2. 名词一般充当什么句子成分？
主语、宾语、表语、同位语
The woman is Miss Yuan.
Miss Yuan, a 24-year-old lady,teach you English.
_________________
表语
__________________
主语
______________________________
同位语
________________
宾语
概 念
什么是名词性从句？
一个句子在复合句中充当名词的作用（即充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语），那么这个句子叫做名词性从句。
根据作用，名词性从句可以分为:
主语从句（The Subject Clause）
宾语从句（The Object Clause）
表语从句（The Predicative Clause）
同位语从句（The Appositive Clause）
概 念
That she is a teacher is certain.
I know that she is a teacher.
The truth is that she is a teacher.
The fact that she is a teacher surprised me.
______________________________
主语从句
______________________________
宾语从句
______________________________
表语从句
______________________________
同位语从句
概 念
引导词
充当成分----连接代词
不充当成分
who, whoever, whom, whomever,what,
whatever,whose, which
从属连词--that，whether
连接副词--how，where，
why，when
主语从句
The Subject Clause
主语从句
从句在复合句中充当主语时叫做主语从句。
主语从句中的几点注意事项：
1、主语从句通常位于句首，当主语较长时放在后面，句首使用it做
形式主语。
2、当主语从句引导词为that时虽无意义，但是不可以省略。
3、主语从句不能使用if 引导。
练习
What I am telling you is mere impressions.
It was intended that you be the candidate.
Whether they would support us was a problem.
__________________________
主语从句
______________________________
主语从句
_______________________________________
主语从句
画出下面复合句中的主语从句
宾语从句
The Object Clause
宾语从句
从句在复合句中充当宾语时叫做宾语从句。通常位于
及物动词或介词之后
宾语从句三要素：
连接词 （第一个that可以省略）
语序 （陈述句语序）
时态 （主句现在时或将来时从句根据句意选择任意时态；
主句过去时从句使用与原句相对应的过去时态；
主句为客观事实、自然现象等时，从句使用一般现在时）
练习
As a new graduate, he doesn't know what it takes to start a business here.
I hate it when you throw my things out without talking to me.
The doctor really doubts whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
____________________________________________
宾语从句
___________________________________________________________________
宾语从句
____________________________________________________________
__________ 宾语从句
画出下面复合句中的宾语从句
↓
形式宾语
宾语从句
that引导宾语从句
1、常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有：see，say，know，imagine，discover，
believe，tell，show，think，consider等。在可以接复合宾语的动词（如think，
make，consider等）之后，可以用it作形式宾语。
The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
2、that从句一般不充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in的宾语。（其他介词后要接
that作宾语时，需用it作形式宾语）。
He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.
You may depend on it that I shall always help you.
doubt, doubtful与sure后名词性从句连接词that, whether, if的选择。
①当doubt, doubtful用于肯定句中时，后面的名词性从句的连接词常用whether或if；当doubt, doubtful用于否定句或疑问句中时，后面名词性从句的连接词用that。
e.g. I doubt whether/ if he is at home.
We don’t doubt that they can complete the task ahead of time.
It is doubtful whether it is true or not.
whether、if引导宾语从句
宾语从句
②当be sure用于肯定句时，后面的宾语从句的连接词常用that；当be sure用于否定句时，后面的宾语从句的连接词常用whether或if。
e.g. We are sure that he is innocent.
The old man didn’t seem to be sure whether/ if he had met me.
宾语从句
表语从句
The Predicative Clause
表语从句
从句在复合句中充当表语时叫做表语从句。通常位于
系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”
常见的连系动词有：be （am, is, are, was, were）, become,look,sound,feel,taste (看、听、尝起来）,seem,appear（似乎、好像）等
练习
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
____________________________________________
表语从句
________________________________________________
表语从句
_________________________________ 表语从句
画出下面复合句中的表语从句
表语从句需要注意的问题
1) 主语为名词reason，表语从句用that而不
用why引导。
e.g. The reason why he was absent from the meeting was that he fell ill suddenly.
The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drunk.
表语从句
句式 意义 例句
That is why＋结果 “那就是……的原因” That is why we don’t trust him.
That is because＋原因 “那是因为……” That is because he often lies.
The reason why...is that... “……的原因是……” The reason why we don’t trust him is that he often lies.
比较下面三个句式
表语从句
2) 引导表语从句时，用whether，不能用if。
e.g. The question is whether he has signed the contract.
3) 表语从句中的虚拟语气：
如果主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等时，则表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，“(should＋)动词原形”。
e.g. My suggestion is that we (should) set out at once.
The doctor’s advice is that you (should) rest more and drink less.
表语从句
4) 使用连接词时的注意事项：
连接代词和连接副词一般都表疑问，但what, when和where等连接词有两种含义，一种表示疑问，一种表示陈述。表陈述时，相当于the thing that, the time when, the place where, 常意为“……的人/事”、“……的时间”、“……的地点”等。
e.g. This is where he once lived.
This is what I want to know.
That was when he did the experiment.
表语从句
同位语从句
The Appositive Clause
在复合句中作名词的同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句对名词做进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。通常位于抽象名词后。
同位语从句
fact（事实）, idea（想法）, reason（原因）, thought（想法）, order（命令）, doubt（怀疑）, news（消息）, hope（希望）, truth（真实）, belief（信念） ,
suggestion（建议）, advice（建议）, view（观点）, promise（承诺）,
request（要求）, proposal提议/建议, demand（要求）, question（问题）
1.Two thirds of all girls in Britain are on a diet./ The fact
worries their parents and teachers a lot.
2.The Queen of England was on a three-day visit in
China./ We heard the news last night.
_______
______________________________________________
The fact that two thirds of all girls are on a diet
worries their parents and teachers a lot.
_________
______________________________________________
______
We heard the news last night that the Queen of
England was on a three-day visit in China.
同位语从句与定语从句的区别:
同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆,
我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们:
1. 同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词;
定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。
We express the hope that they will come to visit China again.
Those who want to go please sign their names here.
（同位语从句）
（定语从句）
2. 同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；
定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、
定语、状语等。
The news that they won the match is true.
The news that you told us yesterday is true.
（同位语从句，news和从句没有逻辑关系）
（定语从句，news是told的逻辑宾语）
3.同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when, where, who,
whether等引导;
定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。
Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine
needed.
Do you know the place where he was born
（同位语从句）
（定语从句）
解题策略
解题策略
Step one 确定从句
画出从句，并根据从句作用确定从句类型。
Step two 分析从句成分
分析从句，判断从句中是否缺少成分。
Step three 确定连接词
根据从句成分，确定连接词。
解题策略
（2020浙江）Over thousands of years, they began to depend
less on _______could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and
more on animals they had raised and crops they had snow.
(
)
^
缺少宾语，从句为宾语从句
解题策略
确定连词
缺少成分----连接代词
不缺少成分
缺人：who, whoever, whom, whomever,
缺事：what, whatever,
哪一个：which
从属连词--that，whether
连接副词--how，where，
why，when
解题策略
（2020浙江）Over thousands of years, they began to depend
less on _______could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and
more on animals they had raised and crops they had snow.
(
)
^
缺少宾语，从句为宾语从句
_______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild
^
缺少主语，选择连接代词
↓
缺少部分为事物，故选what
what
解题策略
几点需要注意的事项：
1、在suggest, demand, order, insist等动词之后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，“(should＋)动词原形”。
e.g. He suggested that we (should) set about doing the work at once.
2、以下三种情况不能用if表示是否，只能用whether。
主语表语同位语从句中。
介词或discuss之后。
从句中有or或to do形式时。
Practice time
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
3. I don’t know _______ to go.
if / whether
whether
whether
3. 主语从句的单复数问题
1) 从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
e.g. That he will come and help us is certain.
Who will go to the energy conference is not important.
2) what引导的从句作主语，表示单数概念，谓语动词一般用单数形式；表示复数概念，则谓语动词常用复数。
e.g. What he said is true.
What he needs are books.
Summary
当一个句子中出现两个主谓结构时，其中有一个是从句。
从句在主句中充当名词的作用时，叫做名词性从句。
名词性从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、
同位语从句。
完成从句题目的步骤：确定从句，分析成分，确定连词。
Exercise
Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is ________ makes me feel so proud.
what
考查表语从句。句意：我们的国家正以惊人的速度发展，这让我感到非常自豪。分析句子可知，空格处放在is之后，引导表语从句。从句中缺少主语，表示“...的东西”，因此用what引导。
Exercise
【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
that
考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，名词evidence后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence内容，从句内不缺成分且没有特殊含义，故填that。
Exercise
【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ______ they go.
where
考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。介词than后为宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
Exercise
（2018.全国卷III）I’m not sure _______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
who
考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕。“is more frightened”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,由后文me or the female gorilla 可知缺少部分表人，故填who.
Exercise
It worries my mom _____ she is beginning to get a little fat.
that
考查主语从句。句意：开始变胖这件事让我妈妈很担忧。It为形式主语，空后为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分,且无特殊含义，故填that.
谢谢
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名词性从句习题
1、（2020高考浙江卷）Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on _______could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had snow.
【答案】what。考查宾语从句。句意：数千年间，他们开始不再依赖从野外猎食的东西，而是更多的依赖自己养殖的动物和种植的庄稼。分析句子可知，空后为介词on的宾语，为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，为事物要用连接代词what。故填what。
（2020届湖北省八校高三第二次联考）Another reason is _____ many of today’s young people believe it’s wrong to kill animals for food.
【答案】that。考查表语从句。句意：另一个原因是，今天的许多年轻人认为为了食物而杀死动物是错误的。分析句子可知，本句是表语从句，表语从句中不缺少成分，只缺少一个引导词，此时要用that 引导表语从句。故填that。
3、（2019·新课标I卷·语法填空）While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
【答案】that考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。
4、（2019·北京卷·语法填空）What students do at college seems to matter much more than ______ they go.
【答案】where 考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
5、（2018.全国卷III）I’m not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
【答案】who 考查宾语从句引导词。此处表示“我不确定谁更感到害怕”。“is more frightened”为宾语从句,该从句缺少主语,故填who.
(2018·武汉武昌区调研)Last term, I couldn't accept the truth _______ I failed in my math examination.
【答案】that 考查同位语从句。句意：上学期，我接受不了数学考试失败的事实。从句不缺少成分无特殊含义,故填that.
（2015·全国Ⅱ)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _______thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
【答案】how 考查宾语从句。句意：作为自然建筑师，普韦布洛印第安人精确地计算出土坯墙需要的厚度分析句子结构及语境可知,此处应用how引导宾语从句。
8、Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is ________ makes me feel so proud.
【答案】what考查表语从句。句意：我们的国家正以惊人的速度发展，这让我感到非常自豪。分析句子可知，空格处放在is之后，引导表语从句。从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，因此用what引导。故填what.
9、We'd like to do ________ we can to help the poor.
【答案】whatever考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，动词do需要宾语，后面句子中又缺少引导词，结合句意“我们愿意做我们能做的任何事情去帮助穷人”可知，此处需用whatever引导宾语从句，表示“无论……，任何……”。故填whatever.
10、It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind．
【答案】that 考查主语从句。句意：你不可能成功的说服他改变出主意。it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此用that。
11、________ breaks the law will be punished．
【答案】Whoever 考查主语从句。句意：无论谁违法都将受到惩罚。主语从句中缺少主语，指人，并且表泛指，故用whoever。
12、She will give ________ needs help a warm support．
【答案】whoever 考查宾语从句。句意：凡是需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。从句缺少主语，用连接代词，由句意可知，应填whoever，在宾语从句中充当主语
13、I have no idea ________ the girl is doing in her room now．
【答案】what 考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道那个女孩现在在房间里干什么。从句中缺少doing后的宾语，由句意可知，应填what，在同位语从句中作宾语，且意为“……的事情”。
14、________ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned by asking questions．
【答案】What 考查主语从句。句意：我应该说，我们都知道的是人通过提问来学习。分析句子成分可知，主语从句中缺少主语，且指事物，因此用what。
15、He must have passed this way on rainy days. That is ________ his footprints are left in the mud.
【答案】why考查表语从句。is后为表语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，根据句意”他一定是在雨天经过这里的。这就是他的脚印留在泥里的原因“可知，his footprints are left in the mud是结果，因此从句中缺少”为什么“的意思，因此引导词用why，故填why.
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名词性从句学案
一、名词
1. 什么是名词？
表示人和事物的名称的词
2. 名词一般充当什么句子成分？
主语、宾语、表语、同位语
Exercise：说出下列句中画线部分的成分。
The woman is Miss Yuan.
Miss Yuan, a 24-year-old lady,teach you English.
什么是名词性从句？
一个句子在复合句中充当名词的作用（即充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语），那么这个句子叫做名词性从句。根据作用，名词性从句可以分为: ____________（The Subject Clause），____________（The Object Clause），____________（The Predicative Clause），____________（The Appositive Clause）
名词性从句的引导词
1、连接代词who, whoever, whom, whomever,what,whatever,whose, which
2、从属连词--that，whether
3、连接副词--how，where，why，when
四、主语从句
（1）从句在复合句中______________时叫做主语从句。
主语从句中的几点注意事项：
1、主语从句通常位于句首，当主语较长时放在后面，句首使用______做形式主语。
2、当主语从句引导词为that时虽无意义，但是___________。
3、主语从句不能使用__________引导。
Exercise：画出下面复合句中的主语从句
What I am telling you is mere impressions.
It was intended that you be the candidate.
Whether they would support us was a problem.
五、宾语从句
从句在复合句中充当宾语时叫做宾语从句。通常位于及物动词或介词之后。
宾语从句三要素：
连接词 __________that可以省略
语序 _____________________
时态 主句现在时或将来时从句根据句意选择______________；
主句过去时从句使用与原句相对应的________________；
主句为客观事实、自然现象等时，从句使用_____________。
Exercise：画出下面复合句中的宾语从句
As a new graduate, he doesn't know what it takes to start a business here.
I hate it when you throw my things out without talking to me.
The doctor really doubts whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
宾语从句中需要注意的几点：
（1）that引导宾语从句
1、常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有：see，say，know，imagine，discover，
believe，tell，show，think，consider等。在可以接复合宾语的动词（如think，
make，consider等）之后，可以用_________作形式宾语。
The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
2、that从句一般不充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in的宾语。（其他介词后要接
that作宾语时，需用_______作_____________）。
He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.
You may depend on it that I shall always help you.
（2）whether、if引导宾语从句
doubt, doubtful与sure后名词性从句连接词that, whether, if的选择。
①当doubt, doubtful用于肯定句中时，后面的名词性从句的连接词常用_____________；当doubt, doubtful用于否定句或疑问句中时，后面名词性从句的连接词用________。
e.g. I doubt whether/ if he is at home.
We don’t doubt that they can complete the task ahead of time.
It is doubtful whether it is true or not.
②当be sure用于肯定句时，后面的宾语从句的连接词常用________；当be sure用于否定句时，后面的宾语从句的连接词常用_____________。
e.g. We are sure that he is innocent.
The old man didn’t seem to be sure whether/ if he had met me.
表语从句
从句在复合句中充当表语时叫做表语从句。通常位于系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。常见的连系动词有：be （am, is, are, was, were）, become,look,sound,feel,taste (看、听、尝起来）,seem,appear（似乎、好像）等
Exercise：画出下面复合句中的宾语从句
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
表语从句需要注意的问题
（1）主语为名词reason，表语从句用that而不用why引导。
e.g. The reason why he was absent from the meeting was that he fell ill suddenly.
The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drunk.
注意对比这三种句型
That is why＋结果 “_____________________”
That is why we don’t trust him.
That is because＋原因 “_____________________”
That is because he often lies.
The reason why...is that... “_____________________”
The reason why we don’t trust him is that he often lies.
（2） 引导表语从句时，用__________，不能用__________。
e.g. The question is whether he has signed the contract.
（3） 表语从句中的虚拟语气：
如果主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等时，则表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，“__________”。
e.g. My suggestion is that we (should) set out at once.
The doctor’s advice is that you (should) rest more and drink less.
（4） 使用连接词时的注意事项：
连接代词和连接副词一般都表疑问，但what, when和where等连接词有两种含义，一种表示疑问，一种表示陈述。表陈述时，相当于the thing that, the time when, the place where, 常意为“……的人/事”、“……的时间”、“……的地点”等。
e.g. This is where he once lived.
This is what I want to know.
That was when he did the experiment.
同位语从句
在复合句中作名词的同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句对名词做进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。通常位于抽象名词后。fact（事实）, idea（想法）, reason（原因）, thought（想法）, order（命令）, doubt（怀疑）, news（消息）, hope（希望）, truth（真实）, belief（信念） , suggestion（建议）, advice（建议）, view（观点）, promise（承诺）, request（要求）, proposal提议/建议, demand（要求）, question（问题）
注意：同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆, 我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们:
1. 同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词;
定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。
2. 同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；
定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
3.同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when, where, who, whether等引导;
定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。
如何解答名词性从句的题目
Step one 确定从句 画出从句，并根据从句作用确定从句类型。
Step two 分析从句成分 分析从句，判断从句中是否缺少成分。
Step three 确定连接词 根据从句成分，确定连接词。
缺少成分时：缺人：______________________________
缺事：____________________
哪一个：__________
不缺少成分：从属连词:____________________ 连接副词:____________________
九、几点需要注意的事项：
1、在suggest, demand, order, insist等动词之后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，“(should＋)动词
原形”。
e.g. He suggested that we (should) set about doing the work at once.
2、以下三种情况不能用if表示是否，只能用whether。
主语表语同位语从句中。
介词或discuss之后。
从句中有or或to do形式时。
3. 主语从句的单复数问题
1) 从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
e.g. That he will come and help us is certain.
Who will go to the energy conference is not important.
what引导的从句作主语，表示单数概念，谓语动词一般用单数形式；表示复数概念，
则谓语动词常用复数。
e.g. What he said is true.
What he needs are books.
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名词性从句学案
一、名词
1. 什么是名词？
表示人和事物的名称的词
2. 名词一般充当什么句子成分？
主语、宾语、表语、同位语
Exercise：说出下列句中画线部分的成分。
The woman is Miss Yuan.
Miss Yuan, a 24-year-old lady,teach you English.
什么是名词性从句？
一个句子在复合句中充当名词的作用（即充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语），那么这个句子叫做名词性从句。根据作用，名词性从句可以分为: 主语从句（The Subject Clause），宾语从句（The Object Clause），表语从句（The Predicative Clause），同位语从句（The Appositive Clause）
名词性从句的引导词
1、连接代词who, whoever, whom, whomever,what,whatever,whose, which
2、从属连词--that，whether
3、连接副词--how，where，why，when
四、主语从句
（1）从句在复合句中充当主语时叫做主语从句。
主语从句中的几点注意事项：
1、主语从句通常位于句首，当主语较长时放在后面，句首使用it做形式主语。
2、当主语从句引导词为that时虽无意义，但是不可省略。
3、主语从句不能使用if 引导。
Exercise：画出下面复合句中的主语从句
What I am telling you is mere impressions.
It was intended that you be the candidate.
Whether they would support us was a problem.
五、宾语从句
从句在复合句中充当宾语时叫做宾语从句。通常位于及物动词或介词之后。
宾语从句三要素：
连接词 （第一个that可以省略）
语序 （陈述句语序）
时态 （主句现在时或将来时从句根据句意选择任意时态；
主句过去时从句使用与原句相对应的过去时态；
主句为客观事实、自然现象等时，从句使用一般现在时）
Exercise：画出下面复合句中的宾语从句
As a new graduate, he doesn't know what it takes to start a business here.
I hate it when you throw my things out without talking to me.
The doctor really doubts whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
宾语从句中需要注意的几点：
（1）that引导宾语从句
1、常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有：see，say，know，imagine，discover，
believe，tell，show，think，consider等。在可以接复合宾语的动词（如think，
make，consider等）之后，可以用it作形式宾语。
The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
2、that从句一般不充当介词宾语，偶尔可作except，in的宾语。（其他介词后要接
that作宾语时，需用it作形式宾语）。
He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.
You may depend on it that I shall always help you.
（2）whether、if引导宾语从句
doubt, doubtful与sure后名词性从句连接词that, whether, if的选择。
①当doubt, doubtful用于肯定句中时，后面的名词性从句的连接词常用whether或if；当doubt, doubtful用于否定句或疑问句中时，后面名词性从句的连接词用that。
e.g. I doubt whether/ if he is at home.
We don’t doubt that they can complete the task ahead of time.
It is doubtful whether it is true or not.
②当be sure用于肯定句时，后面的宾语从句的连接词常用that；当be sure用于否定句时，后面的宾语从句的连接词常用whether或if。
e.g. We are sure that he is innocent.
The old man didn’t seem to be sure whether/ if he had met me.
表语从句
从句在复合句中充当表语时叫做表语从句。通常位于系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。常见的连系动词有：be （am, is, are, was, were）, become,look,sound,feel,taste (看、听、尝起来）,seem,appear（似乎、好像）等
Exercise：画出下面复合句中的表语从句
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.
She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
表语从句需要注意的问题
（1）主语为名词reason，表语从句用that而不
用why引导。
e.g. The reason why he was absent from the meeting was that he fell ill suddenly.
The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drunk.
注意对比这三种句型
That is why＋结果 “那就是……的原因”
That is why we don’t trust him.
That is because＋原因 “那是因为……”
That is because he often lies.
The reason why...is that... “……的原因是……”
The reason why we don’t trust him is that he often lies.
（2） 引导表语从句时，用whether，不能用if。
e.g. The question is whether he has signed the contract.
（3） 表语从句中的虚拟语气：
如果主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等时，则表语从句的谓语应用虚拟语气，“(should＋)动词原形”。
e.g. My suggestion is that we (should) set out at once.
The doctor’s advice is that you (should) rest more and drink less.
（4） 使用连接词时的注意事项：
连接代词和连接副词一般都表疑问，但what, when和where等连接词有两种含义，一种表示疑问，一种表示陈述。表陈述时，相当于the thing that, the time when, the place where, 常意为“……的人/事”、“……的时间”、“……的地点”等。
e.g. This is where he once lived.
This is what I want to know.
That was when he did the experiment.
同位语从句
在复合句中作名词的同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句对名词做进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。通常位于抽象名词后。fact（事实）, idea（想法）, reason（原因）, thought（想法）, order（命令）, doubt（怀疑）, news（消息）, hope（希望）, truth（真实）, belief（信念） , suggestion（建议）, advice（建议）, view（观点）, promise（承诺）, request（要求）, proposal提议/建议, demand（要求）, question（问题）
注意：同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆, 我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们:
1. 同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词;
定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。
2. 同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；
定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
3.同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when, where, who, whether等引导;
定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。
如何解答名词性从句的题目
Step one 确定从句 画出从句，并根据从句作用确定从句类型。
Step two 分析从句成分 分析从句，判断从句中是否缺少成分。
Step three 确定连接词 根据从句成分，确定连接词。
缺少成分时：缺人：who, whoever, whom, whomever,
缺事：what, whatever,
哪一个：which
不缺少成分：从属连词--that，whether
连接副词--how，where，why，when
九、几点需要注意的事项：
1、在suggest, demand, order, insist等动词之后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，“(should＋)动词
原形”。
e.g. He suggested that we (should) set about doing the work at once.
2、以下三种情况不能用if表示是否，只能用whether。
主语表语同位语从句中。
介词或discuss之后。
从句中有or或to do形式时。
3. 主语从句的单复数问题
1) 从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
e.g. That he will come and help us is certain.
Who will go to the energy conference is not important.
what引导的从句作主语，表示单数概念，谓语动词一般用单数形式；表示复数概念，
则谓语动词常用复数。
e.g. What he said is true.
What he needs are books.
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名词性从句习题
1、（2020高考浙江卷）Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on _______could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had snow.
2、（2020届湖北省八校高三第二次联考）Another reason is _____ many of today’s young people believe it’s wrong to kill animals for food.
3、（2019·新课标I卷·语法填空）While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
4、（2019·北京卷·语法填空）What students do at college seems to matter much more than ______ they go.
5、（2018.全国卷III）I’m not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere.
(2018·武汉武昌区调研)Last term, I couldn't accept the truth _______ I failed in my math examination.
（2015·全国Ⅱ)As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _______thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
8、Our country is developing at an amazing speed, and this is ________ makes me feel so proud.
9、We'd like to do ________ we can to help the poor.
10、It never occurred to me ________ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind．
11、________ breaks the law will be punished．
12、She will give ________ needs help a warm support．
13、I have no idea ________ the girl is doing in her room now．
14、________ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becomes learned by asking questions．
15、He must have passed this way on rainy days. That is ________ his footprints are left in the mud.
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