中考英语二轮复习专题定语从句讲解课件（42张PPT无素材）

(共42张PPT)
The
Attributive
Clause
定语从句
1.The
man
is
a
worker.
2.The
man
is
speaking
at
the
meeting.
合并句子:
The
man
who
is
speaking
at
the
meeting
is
a
worker.
概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词
的句子.
(Attributive
clause)
Mary
is
a
beautiful
girl.
Mary
is
a
girl
who
has
long
hair.
形容词作定语
句子作定语,修饰girl,
叫做定语从句
Mary
is
a
girl.
Mary
has
long
hair.
合并为一个句子
Mary
is
a
girl
who
has
long
hair.
先行词
关系词
定语从句
Mary
is
a
girl
who
has
long
hair.
关系代词
关系副词
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
that
Where,
when
关系词作用
1.代替先行词;
2.２．它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;
3.
同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）
关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的
人称、数必须和先行词一致。
关系词判
断
步
骤
:
首先，要看先行词。
如果先行词是指人,关系代词
可用
who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系
代词可用which或that;
然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表
先行词
主格
宾格
所有格
人
who,that
who(m),that
whose
物
which,that
which,that
whose,of
which
最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.
注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。
The
woman
who/that
spoke
at
the
meeting
yesterday
is
my
mother.
(主句)The
woman
is
my
mother.
(叙述客观事实
用一般现在时)
(从句)The
woman
(who/that)
spoke
at
the
meeting
yesterday.
(句中yesterday表示过去时间)
定语从句的用法:
当先行词是物时,
用which
或that引导.
These
are
the
trees
which
were
planted
last
year.
当先行词是人时,
用who,
whom,
whose,
that引导.
who,
whom,
whose,
that用法区别.
who
作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The
man
who
is
speaking
at
the
meeting
is
a
worker.
The
man
is
a
worker.
The
man
is
speaking
at
the
meeting.
分解
作主语
the
tall
the
strong
the
clever
boy
The
boy
is
Tom.
The
boy
who
is
tall
is
Tom.
The
boy
who
is
strong
is
Tom
The
boy
who
is
clever
is
Tom
?
The
boy
is
Tom.
The
boy
is
smiling.
?
The
boy
is
Tom.
The
boy
has
a
round
face.
The
boy
who
is
smiling
is
Tom.
(主语)
The
boy
who
has
a
round
face
is
Tom.
?
The
boy
is
Tom.
He
sits
in
front
of
me.
The
boy
who
sits
in
front
of
me
is
Tom.
Whom
作定语从句的宾语,在口语和非正式文体中常用who代替，可以省略.
The
woman
whom/who
they
wanted
to
visit
is
a
teacher.
The
woman
is
a
teacher.
They
wanted
to
visit
the
woman.
分解
作宾语
?
The
man
is
kind.
Everyone
likes
him.
The
man
(whom)
everyone
likes
is
kind.
(宾语)
?
The
woman
got
the
job.
We
saw
her
on
the
street.
The
woman
(whom)
we
saw
on
the
street
got
the
job.
?
The
teacher
will
give
us
a
talk.
We
met
the
teacher
yesterday.
The
teacher
(whom)
we
met
yesterday
will
give
us
a
talk.
关系代词
1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）
The
man(
who)
I
talked
with
is
our
teacher.
A
person
who
steals
things
is
called
a
thief.
2.whom指人,作宾语
(作宾语可省略,如
介词提前则不能省)
The
man
(whom/who)
I
talked
to
is
Mr.
Li.
The
man
to
whom
I
talked
is
Mr.
Li.
whose
作定语从句的定语.
I
know
the
girl
whose
mother
is
a
teacher.
分解
I
know
the
girl.
The
girl’s
mother
is
a
teacher.
作定语
关系代词
3.whose
是代词的所有格形式,
它既可以代人也可以代物。
Please
show
me
the
book
.
Its
cover
is
red.
Please
show
me
the
book
whose
cover
is
red.
I
saw
a
woman
.
Her
bag
was
stolen
.
I
saw
a
woman
whose
bag
was
stolen.
that
可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.
注意:
关系代词作动词宾语时可
省略.
The
woman
(whom/
that)
they
wanted
to
visit
is
a
teacher.
4.which
指物，作主语或宾语
(作宾
语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)
These
are
the
trees
which
were
planted
last
year.
The
TV
set
(which)
he
bought
yesterday
is
made
in
Japan.
Is
this
the
library
(which)
you
borrow
books
from?
Is
this
the
library
from
which
you
borrow
books?
apple
the
red
the
green
the
small
the
big
The
apple
which
is
red
is
mine.
The
apple
which
is
green
is
yours.
The
apple
which
is
red
is
small
The
apple
which
is
green
is
big.
Can
you
find
the
pen?
I
wrote
with
it
just
now.
Can
you
find
the
pen
with
which
I
wrote
just
now?
Can
you
find
the
pen
(which)
I
wrote
with
just
now?
1)This
is
the
hero(
whom)
we
are
proud
of.
This
is
the
hero
of
whom
we
are
proud
.
This
is
the
hero(that)
we
are
proud
of
.
2)The
room
(that)
I
live
in
is
very
big.
The
room
(which)
I
live
in
is
very
big.
The
room
in
which
I
live
is
very
big.
关系代词与介词:
介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,
用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)
?定语从句中需注意事项
先行词是物，关系词只能用that,而不宜用which
1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时
This
is
the
most
interesting
story(
that
)I
have
ever
heard.
The
first
meeting(
that)
we
will
take
part
in
will
be
held
in
the
afternoon.
2.先行词是
something,
nothing,
anything，little
,few,much,many,
all,等不定代词时
Here
is
something(
that)
I
will
tell
you.
3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that
I
can
remember
well
the
persons
and
some
pictures
(that)
I
see.
4.先行词是one
of,the
one,
或用
little,
much,
few,
no,
all,
some,
any,
the
only,
the
very,
the
same,
the
last
作修饰时
Is
it
the
one
that
you
want
?
I
haven’t
got
much
that
I
can
offer
you.
5.当主句已有疑问词
who或which时，用that
Who
is
the
woman
that
was
praised
at
the
meeting?
先行词前有the
only，the
very，the
same，the
last等词修饰时，只能用that。例如：This
is
the
same
bike
that
I
lost.
以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。
例如：Who
is
the
girl
that
is
crying？
先行词是物关系词只能用which不能用that的情况：
１．先行词为that，those时，只能用which。例如：What
is
that
which
is
under
the
desk?
Those
are
the
books
(which)
I
bought
yesterday.
２．关系词前有介词时，This
is
the
room
in
which
he
lives.
注:
who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用
who,不用that
1).先行词是anyone,
someone,
those时，关系词使用who
Those
who
want
to
go
to
the
Great
Wall
sign
up
here.
Is
there
anyone
who
wants
to
go
there?
2).在there
be
句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who
There
is
an
old
man
who
wants
to
see
you.
There
are
many
young
men
who
are
against
him.
1.
I
have
a
friend
________
likes
listening
to
classical
music.
who/that
which/that
whose
3.
The
man
______
leg
broke
in
a
match
used
to
be
a
football
player.
2.
Yesterday
Emily
was
wearing
the
new
dress
__________
I
gave
her.
4.
My
parents
live
in
a
house__________
is
more
than
100
years
old.
5.
The
boy
with
_______
John
spoke
is
my
brother.
which/that
whom
6.
Kevin
is
reading
a
book
__________
is
too
difficult
for
him.
which/that
7.
Is
there
anything
________
you
want
to
buy
in
the
town.
8.All
______
we
can
do
is
to
study
hard.
9.
The
first
one
_____
stands
up
is
a
little
boy.
that
that
that
1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.
This
is
the
doctor
who
saved
the
boy’s
life.
2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.
The
man
who
is
running
is
my
uncle.
3.
我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.
I
like
the
music
that
I
can
sing
along
with.
4.
住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.
The
woman
who
lives
next
door
is
a
teacher.
1．This
is
the
man
_______________
wants
to
see
you.
．
2．The
student
__________________
answered
the
question
is
Zhang
Hua.
3．The
man
_________________
you
went
to
see
has
come.
．
4．The
man
__________________I
met
yesterday
lent
me
some
money.
．
5．The
woman
______________________
you
saw
is
our
geography
teacher
6.Jack,
there
is
someone
in
the
office
_______
would
like
to
speak
with
you.
定语从句练习
6．Here
is
the
pen
________________
you
lost
the
day
before
yesterday.
7．These
books
____________________
you
lent
me
were
very
useful.
8．A
clock
is
a
machine
__________________
tells
people
the
time.
．
9．This
is
the
shirt
______________________I
bought
yesterday.
．
10．The
book
___________________
is
on
the
table
is
mine.
．
11．The
film
___________________
they
are
talking
about
is
very
interesting.
定语从句练习
13．Show
me
the
boy
______________
mother
is
a
well-known
singer.
．
14．The
boy_____________
father
is
a
teacher
is
good
at
English.
．
15.
You
have
seen
the
girl
____
sister
is
a
Chinese
teacher.
A.
whom
B.
of
whom
C.
whose
D.
of
which
16.I
do
not
like
the
book---------cover
is
blue。17.He
lives
in
the
house-------wall
is
white。
12．Is
there
anyone
___________________
family
is
in
Beijing?
定语从句练习
18.
The
bridge
____
a
big
ship
can
go
has
been
built.
A.
under
which
C.
in
which
B.
under
that
D.
on
which
22.The
engineer
______my
father
works
is
about
50
years
old.
A.
to
whom
B.
on
whom
C.
with
which
D.
with
whom
定语从句练习
23.Everything
_____________
I
know
will
be
taught
to
the
students.
.23.
We
should
do
all
____
is
useful
to
people.
A.
/
B.
that
C.
it
D.
which
24.The
girl
handed
everything
_____
she
had
picked
up
in
the
street
to
the
police.
A.
which
B.
in
which
C.
that
D.
all
25.This
is
the
best
film
_____________
I
have
ever
seen.
．
定语从句练习
26.This
is
the
best
book
_____
I
have
been
looking
for
all
this
year.
A.
who
B.
whom
C.
which
D.
that
27.
He
is
the
most
careful
boy
_____
I
know.
A.
what
B.
which
C.
as
D.
.that
28.He
is
the
first
one-------come
to
the
classroom
every
day。
29.He
is
the
second
boy
--------win
the
prize。
定语从句练习
30.
I
will
never
forget
the
people
and
the
places
____________
I
have
ever
visited.
．
31.He
talked
about
the
classmates
and
the
school
____
he
had
visited.
A.
who
C.
which
B.
that
D.
about
which
32.
This
is
the
only
article
of
these
_____
was
written
by
him.
A.
thatB.
which
C.
whoD.whose
定语从句练习
36.Who
is
the
girl---------sits
under
the
tree？
37.Those
_____
made
no
mistakes
in
today’s
exercises
please
raise
your
hands.
A.
which
B.
whom
C.
that
D.
who
38.
That
____
finished
doing
it
pleases
tell
me.
A.
who
have
C.
which
have
B.
who
has
D.
have
定语从句练习
根据汉语完成句子：
6.Here
is
the
pen
________________________________
.
(你昨天丢失的）
7.This
is
the
best
book______________________
_______.
(我读过的）
8.I
have
lost
the
pen_______________________________.
（我父亲给我买的）
9.Wheat
is
a
plant______________________________
________________________.
（中国北方
种植的）
10.I
don’t
like
the
people___________________________.
(说得多,做得少的）
(that)you
lost
yesterday.
(that)
I
have
ever
read
(which/that)
my
father
bought
me
which/that
is
grown
who
talk
too
much
but
do
little
in
the
north
of
China