2020-2021学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第一册
期末复习单元知识检测
Unit
4
一、阅读理解
1.Stages
of
Hurricane:
Simple
Storms
Grow
Into
Giants
??
?A
storm
progresses
through
four
different
stages
before
it
is
actually
considered
a
hurricane.
First
is
a
tropical
disturbance
(热带扰动),
which
has
thunderstorms
and
rotating
(旋转)
winds.
Next
is
a
tropical
depression
(热带低气压),
which
is
similar
to
a
tropical
disturbance,
but
has
winds
between
23
and
39
miles
per
hour.
A
tropical
storm
is
the
next
level,
which
has
stronger
wind
speeds
between
40
and
73
miles
per
hour.
Once
winds
reach
74
miles
per
hour
the
storm
is
officially
called
a
hurricane.
The
wind
picks
up
energy
from
the
warm
surface
of
ocean
water.
???
As
a
hurricane
crosses
over
land,
it
begins
to
become
weaker
or
break
apart
and
reduce
in
strength.
This
is
because
it
is
no
longer
over
the
warm
ocean
water
that
it
needs
for
energy.
At
this
point,
a
hurricane
can
still
cause
a
lot
of
damage
because
of
high
winds,
rain,
and
flooding.
But
unless
it
makes
its
way
back
over
the
open
ocean,
it
is
downgraded
from
a
hurricane
back
to
a
tropical
storm.
What's
Your
Name,
Hurricane?
???
Hurricanes
and
tropical
storms
are
given
names
to
help
people
recognize
them.
Scientists
refer
to
hurricanes
and
storms
by
name
as
they
track
them
across
the
ocean.
???
Before
1953,
hurricanes
were
not
given
official
names.
From
1953
through
1978,
hurricanes
were
only
given
female
names,
like
Isabel,
Camille,
Claudette,
and
Wilma.
Beginning
in
1979,
hurricanes
were
given
the
names
of
both
women
and
men.
Today,
the
names
alternate
male
and
female,
and
they
are
named
in
order
of
letters.
???
For
example,
in
2010,
storms
were
named
as
follows:
Alex
(male),
Bonnie
(female),
Colin
(male),
Danielle
(female),
Earl
(male)
and
so
on...
???
There
are
six
different
lists
of
names
that
change,
so
the
same
names
are
used
every
six
years.
The
only
way
that
a
new
name
is
added
is
when
a
hurricane
has
been
particularly
deadly
or
costly
and
the
name
is
retired,
then
replaced
with
a
new
one.
1.
What
happens
when
a
hurricane
crosses
over
land?
A.It
breaks
apart
and
forms
tornadoes.
B.It
returns
to
the
ocean
afterwards.
C.It
moves
more
quickly.
D.It
becomes
less
powerful.
2.The
underlined
word
"alternate"
in
paragraph
4
means
"_____"
.
A.take
turns
between
B.carry
on
C.come
from
D.cause
trouble
to
3.What
do
we
know
about
the
hurricanes?
A.Six
common
hurricane
names
are
often
used.
B.An
old
name
will
be
replaced
every
year.
C.Most
of
them
are
deadly
and
costly.
D.They
didn't
have
official
names
until
1953.
2.???
Mandara
seemed
to
know
something
big
was
about
to
happen.
So
she
let
out
a
yell,
caught
hold
of
her
2-year-old
daughter
Kibibi
and
climbed
up
into
a
tree.
She
lives
at
the
National
Zoo
in
Washington
D.C.
???
And
on
Tuesday,
August
23rd,
witnesses
said
she
seemed
to
sense
the
big
earthquake
that
shook
much
of
the
East
Coast
before
any
human
knew
what
was
going
on.
And
she
was
not
the
only
one.
In
the
moments
before
the
quake,
an
orangutan
(红毛猩猩)
let
out
a
loud
call
and
then
climbed
to
the
top
of
her
shelter.
???
"It's
very
different
from
their
normal
call,"
said
Brandie
Smith,
the
zookeeper.
"The
lemurs
(狐猴)
will
sound
an
alarm
if
they
see
or
hear
something
highly
unusual."
???
But
you
can't
see
or
hear
an
earthquake
15
minutes
before
it
happens,
can
you?
Maybe
you
can—if
you're
an
animal.
???
"Animals
can
hear
above
and
below
our
range
of
hearing,"
said
Brandie
Smith.
"That's
part
of
their
special
abilities.
They're
more
sensitive
to
the
environment,
which
is
how
they
survive."
???
Primates
weren't
the
only
animals
that
seemed
to
sense
the
quake
before
it
happened.
One
of
the
elephants
made
a
warning
sound
and
a
huge
lizard
(蜥蜴)
ran
quickly
for
cover.
The
flamingoes
(a
kind
of
bird)
gathered
before
the
quake
and
stayed
together
until
the
shaking
stopped.
???
So
what
kind
of
vibration
(震动)
were
the
animals
picking
up
in
the
moments
before
the
quake?
Scientist
Susan
Hough
said
earthquakes
produce
two
types
of
waves—a
weak
"P"
wave
and
then
a
much
stronger
"S"
wave.
The
"P"
stands
for
"primary"
and
the
"S"
stands
for
"secondary".
She
thought
the
"P"
wave
might
be
what
set
the
animals
off.
???
Not
all
the
animals
behaved
unusually
before
the
quake.
For
example,
Smith
said
the
zoo's
giant
pandas
didn't
jump
up
until
the
shaking
actually
began.
But
many
of
the
other
animals
seemed
to
know
something
was
coming
before
it
happened.
"I'm
not
surprised
at
all,"
said
Smith.
1.Why
did
Mandara
act
strangely
one
day?
A.Because
she
sensed
something
unusual
would
happen.
B.Because
her
daughter
Kibibi
was
injured.
C.Because
she
heard
an
orangutan
let
out
a
loud
call.
D.Because
an
earthquake
had
happened.
2.According
to
Brandie
Smith,
_____.
A.many
animals'
hearing
is
sharp
B.earthquakes
produce
two
types
of
waves
C.primates
usually
gather
together
before
a
quake
D.humans
can
also
develop
the
ability
to
sense
a
quake
3.Which
animal
seems
unable
to
sense
a
quake?
A.A
giant
panda.
B.A
flamingo.
C.A
lemur.
D.A
lizard.
4.What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.How
animals
survive
a
quake
B.How
animals
differ
from
humans
C.How
animals
behave
before
a
quake
D.How
animals
protect
their
young
in
a
quake
3.California
has
lost
half
its
big
trees
since
the
1930s,
according
to
a
study
to
be
published
Tuesday
and
climate
change
seems
to
be
a
major
factor(因素).
The
number
of
trees
larger
than
two
feet
across
has
declined
by
50
percent
on
more
than
46,
000
square
miles
of
California
forests,
the
new
study
finds.
No
area
was
spared
or
unaffected,
from
the
foggy
northern
coast
to
the
Sierra
Nevada
Mountains
to
the
San
Gabriels
above
Los
Angeles.
In
the
Sierra
high
country,
the
number
of
big
trees
has
fallen
by
more
than
55
percent;
in
parts
of
southern
California
the
decline
was
nearly
75
percent.
Many
factors
contributed
to
the
decline,
said
Patrick
Mclntyre,
an
ecologist
who
was
the
lead
author
of
the
study.
Woodcutters
targeted
big
trees.
Housing
development
pushed
into
the
woods.
Aggressive
wildfire
control
has
left
California
forests
crowded
with
small
trees
that
compete
with
big
trees
for
resources(资源).
But
in
comparing
a
study
of
California
forests
done
in
the
1920s
and
1930s
with
another
one
between
2001
and
2010,
Mclntyre
and
his
colleagues
documented
a
widespread
death
of
big
trees
that
was
evident
even
in
wildlands
protected
from
woodcutting
or
development.
The
loss
of
big
trees
was
greatest
in
areas
where
trees
had
suffered
the
greatest
water
shortage.
The
researchers
figured
out
water
stress
with
a
computer
model
that
calculated
how
much
water
trees
were
getting
in
comparison
with
how
much
they
needed,
taking
into
account
such
things
as
rainfall,
air
temperature,
dampness
of
soil,
and
the
timing
of
snowmelt(融雪).
Since
the
1930s,
Mclntyre
said,
the
biggest
factors
driving
up
water
stress
in
the
state
have
been
rising
temperatures,
which
cause
trees
to
lose
more
water
to
the
air,
and
earlier
snowmelt,
which
reduces
the
water
supply
available
to
trees
during
the
dry
season.
1.What
is
the
second
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.The
seriousness
of
big-tree
loss
in
California.
B.The
increasing
variety
of
California
big
trees.
C.The
distribution
of
big
trees
in
California
forests.
D.The
influence
of
farming
on
big
trees
in
California.
2.Which
of
the
following
is
well-intentioned
but
may
be
bad
for
big
trees?
A.Ecological
studies
of
forests.
B.Banning
woodcutting.
C.Limiting
housing
development.
D.Fire
control
measures.
3.What
is
a
major
cause
of
the
water
shortage
according
to
Mclntyre?
A.Inadequate
snowmelt.
B.A
longer
dry
season.
C.A
warmer
climate.
D.Dampness
of
the
air.
4.What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.California's
Forests:
Where
Have
All
the
Big
Trees
Gone?
B.Cutting
of
Big
Trees
to
Be
Prohibited
in
California
Soon
C.Why
Are
the
Big
Trees
Important
to
California
Forests?
D.Patrick
Mclntyre:
Grow
More
Big
Trees
in
California
4.A
food
delivery
man
defeated
a
master
from
Peking
University
and
won
CCTV's
Chinese
Poetry
Conference
on
April
4,2018.
Lei
Haiwei
kept
calm
during
the
final
of
the
third
season
of
CCTV's
Chinese
Poetry
Conference
on
Wednesday
night,
becoming
the
champion
after
defeating
Peng
Min,
a
master
of
literature
from
China's
top
university.
Lei,
from
Shaoyang
in
Hunan,
is
now
working
as
a
food
delivery
man
in
Hangzhou
of
Zhejiang.
His
interest
in
poetry
was
inspired
by
his
father,
who
would
write
poems
down,
stick
them
on
the
wall
of
the
kitchen
and
teach
him
to
read
them
from
a
young
age.
Lei
missed
the
opportunity
of
going
to
university
due
to
frequent
school
transfers
when
he
was
growing
up.
But
that
didn't
diminish
his
passion
for
poetry.
Since
he
was
too
poor
to
buy
books,
Lei
would
memorize
poems
in
bookstores
and
write
them
out
when
he
returned
home.
He
used
this
unique
method
to
accumulate
more
than
1,000
poems.
Though
Lei
came
to
Hangzhou
in
2008
and
works
as
a
fast
food
courier,
his
love
for
poems
hasn't
faded.
On
his
busiest
work
days,
the
courier
has
to
deliver
more
than
50
orders
a
day.
Even
so,
he
seized
any
available
moment
to
recite
poems.
"For
example,
I
am
used
to
reciting
poems
when
I
wait
for
food
at
restaurants
and
traffic
lights
on
my
way
to
deliver
food.
Reciting
poems
not
only
enriches
my
knowledge,
but
also
makes
my
job
less
boring,"
the
courier
said.
In
November,
2017,
Lei
went
to
Beijing
and
began
recording
the
TV
show
after
standing
out
from
more
than
70,000
people
who
signed
up
for
the
competition.
After
winning,
Lei
returned
to
Hangzhou
and
continues
his
delivery
work
and
the
memorizing
of
poems.
Lei's
outstanding
performance
during
the
final,
and
his
inspirational
story,
have
amazed
Chinese
audiences.
"His
love
of
learning
is
so
pure,
it
moved
me
to
tears,"one
netizen
said
"It
always
amazes
me
how
some
people
simply
hunger
for
knowledge,"
another
shared.
1.Why
did
Lei
Haiwei
have
no
chance
to
go
to
college?
A.His
family
was
very
poor.
.He
was
fascinated
with
poems.
C.He
was
too
busy
to
study.
.He
often
changed
schools.
2.The
underlined
word
"diminish"
in
the
third
paragraph
can
be
replaced
by
"_______"
.
A.inspire
B.increase
C.reduce
.encourage
3.What
does
Paragraph
4
mainly
tells
us?
A.Lei's
work
is
delivering
food
for
others.
B.Lei’s
daily
life
is
highly
stressful
at
present.
C.Lei
uses
any
available
time
to
recite
poems.
D.Reciting
poems
improves
his
knowledge.
4.How
did
people
find
Lei's
story?
A.Interesting.
B.Inspiring.
C.Fascinating.
D.Shocking.
二、七选五
???
Earthquake
can
strike
without
warning.
But
many
injuries
and
deaths
from
this
kind
of
natural
disaster
can
be
prevented
if
people
follow
these
safety
tips.
???
If
you're
inside
a
building,
stay
there!
One
of
the
most
dangerous
things
to
do
in
an
earthquake
is
to
try
to
leave
a
building.?①_____
Drop
to
the
ground.
Get
under
something
that
is
not
easily
damaged.
Hold
on
to
it
until
the
shaking
stops.
You
can
also
get
to
a
comer
formed
by
two
walls
with
your
arms
over
your
head.
If
you're
in
bed
when
the
earthquake
hits,
stay
there
and
protect
your
head
with
a
pillow.
????②_____
Don't
take
shelter
under
trees,
street
lights,
electric
poles
or
tall
buildings.
If
you
are
driving,
stop
as
quickly
as
possible
and
stay
away
from
overpasses
(立交桥),
buildings,
bridges
or
anything
else
that
might
fall
or
collapse
beneath
you.
③
_____
???
If
you
are
trapped
in
ruins,
cover
your
mouth
with
a
handkerchief
or
a
piece
of
cloth.
Use
your
cellphone
to
call
for
help
if
possible.
Don't
shout.?④_____
Tap
on
a
pipe
or
the
wall
so
rescuers
can
find
you.
???
Be
prepared
for
after
shocks.?⑤_____
However,
sometimes
they
even
happen
months
later.
Therefore,
if
you
are
not
in
a
safe
place
after
the
first
shock,
you
should
move
quickly
but
carefully
to
a
safer
place.
A.Don't
move
about
or
kick
up
dust.
B.If
you're
outside,
go
to
an
open
space.
C.Shouting
can
cause
you
to
breathe
in
dust.
D.Don't
park
your
car
under
a
tree
or
any
tall
object.
E.Take
a
good
hold
of
your
cellphone
in
the
building.
F.They
can
happen
in
the
first
hours
after
the
earthquake.
G.Most
injuries
happen
when
people
inside
buildings
try
to
go
out.
三、完形填空
???
Last
year,
I
told
my
family
that
I
didn't
want
or
need
anything
for
my
birthday.
Instead,
I???
1??
?them
to
think
of
a
way
to
share
a????2
??
in
their
world
for
me.
My
husband
and
my
daughter
did
something
different,
but????3
??.
???
The
week
of
my
birthday
my
husband
went
to
a
local
cafe
and
told
a
waitress
that
he
wanted
to????4
??
pay
for
the
breakfast
of
a
family.
The
waitress
was????5
??
and
said
it
was
her
last
day
working
there
and
this
had
never????6
??.
When
the
family
finished
eating,
the
waitress
told
them
their????7
??
had
been
paid.
The
mom
started
crying
and
the
dad
stood
up,
trying
to????8
??
who
might
have
done
it,
but
my
husband
was
outside????9
??
the
whole
thing.
He
told
me
he
had
such
a
wonderful
??
10
??
in
his
heart
and
he
would
like
to
??
11
??
it
a
few
more
times.
???
My
daughter
was
on
a
tight
budget
so
she
??
12
??
the
week
smiling
more
at
people,
and
letting
someone
go
before
her
at
the
market.
She
just
took
the
time
during
my
birthday
week
to
slow
down
and
be
??
13
???and
kind
to
a
stranger
and
her
co-workers.
???
When
we
finally
all
got
together
for
Mother's
Day
and
my
birthday,
everyone
was
in
tears
as
each
person
??
14
??
what
they
had
done.
As
you
can
see,
it
was
the
??
15
??
birthday
ever!
1.A.wanted????
B.encouraged????
C.ordered????
D.permitted
2.A.story???
B.feeling????
C.kindness????
D.responsibility
3.A.crazy????
B.wonderful????
C.interesting????
D.silly
4.A.partly????
B.normally????
C.quickly????
D.secretly
5.A.frightened????
B.satisfied????
C.surprised????
D.disappointed
6.A.failed????
B.mattered????
C.existed????
D.happened
7.A.coffee????
B.bill????
C.money????
D.lunch
8.A.find
out????
B.look????
C.think
of????
D.remember
9.A.watching????
B.listening????
C.asking????
D.telling
10.A.feeling????
B.day????
C.experience????
D.idea
11.A.say????
B.discuss????
C.do????
D.cost
12.A.wasted????
B.found????
C.took????
D.spent
13.A.healthy????
B.simply????
C.honest????
D.friendly
14.A.shared????
B.practiced????
C.recorded????
D.watched
15.A.biggest????
B.longest????
C.best????
D.quietest
四、语法填空
???
Environment-friendly
ideas
have
been
created
to
supply
people
with
helpful?①
_____?(tip)
on
how
they
can
help
the
environment?②_____?well
as
save
money.
I
honestly
believe
that
everyone
wants
to
help
the
environment,
even
if
they
do
or
do
not
believe
in
global
warming.
???
With
power
bills,
water
bills
and
all
other
expenses?③_____??(continue)
to
rise,?
it's
very
hard
for
the
average
worker.
No
matter
what
your?④_____?
(finance)
position
is,
there
is
always
something
everyone
can
do?⑤_____?
(help)
save
our
environment.
We
are
not
the
only
ones
that
live
on
this?⑥_____?
(amaze)
planet.
We
also
share
it?⑦_____?
a
wide
range
of
strange
and
wonderful
animals.
It
would
be
a
great
tragedy
if
they?⑧_____?
(be)
not
around
for
our
future
generations
to
enjoy.
Every
little
bit
helps,
so
please
do
all?⑨_____?
you
can
to
protect
our
environment
and
the
environment
of
these
surprising
animals.
???
I
hope
these
environment-friendly
ideas
can
help
everyone
to
do?⑩_____?
(they)
bit
for
the
environment
and
to
make
this
world
a
better
place.
五、写作
1.假定你是你校英语杂志特约小记者,上周你校开展了“爱心包裹”(Loving
Parcels)捐赠活动,给洪涝灾区的学生捐赠物品。请根据以下内容写一篇新闻报道。
活动内容:
???
1.?全校师生捐赠物品;
???
2.?填写爱心祝福卡片;
???
3.?将包裹寄给灾区学生。
注意:
???
1.?词数80左右;
???
2.?可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。
I
remember
the
first
time
I
met
Roy.
He
was
telling
a
joke.
When
he
reached
the
final
line,
everyone
burst
out
laughing.
“
A
popular
boy,”
I
thought
to
myself.
My
name
is
Daniel.
I
was
the
new
boy
in
the
class.
There
were
33
students
in
my
new
class,and
most
people
weren’t
very
interested
in
a
shy
new
boy.
Roy
was
kind
to
me.
He
often
invited
me
to
join
his
particular
group,
and
we
became
good
friends.
We
trusted
each
other
and
we
could
talk
about
personal
matters.
Five
years
later,
Roy
and
I
were
still
in
the
same
class.
But
just
under
a
year
ago,
Roy’s
father
was
knocked
over
by
a
car.
He
died
a
few
days
later.
The
family
had
difficulty
with
finance,
Roy
changed
completely.
He
started
losing
friends,
including
me.
About
three
months
ago,a
group
of
us
were
playing
football
together
after
school.
Having
left
something
in
the
classroom,
I
went
inside
to
get
it,
and
found
Roy
going
through
the
pockets
of
people’s
coats.
In
his
hand
he
had
a
wallet—
and
I
knew
it
wasn’t
his!
Roy
went
bright
red.
“
I’ll
put
it
back
right
now,
'
he
said,
and
he
did
so.
I
turned
round
and
walked
out
without
saying
a
word.
I
really
hoped
that
Roy
would
explain
why
He
had
been
stealing,
but
instead
he
started
avoiding
me.
Last
week
our
school
had
a
big
fair
in
order
to
raise
money
for
a
charity
and
we
made
about
?
500.
But
to
our
surprise,
the
next
morning,
we
were
told
that
the
money
had
been
stolen.
This
morning
I
decided
to
ask
Roy
about
the
theft
so
I
went
to
see
him.
Roy
was
out.
I
put
his
jacket
on
and
put
my
hands
in
the
pockets.
I
could
feel
a
lot
of
paper
notes
and
I
pulled
them
out.
It
looked
as
if
there
was
about
?
500
there.
I
was
so
surprised
that
I
just
stood
there,
holding
the
notes
in
my
hand.
At
that
moment,
Roy
walked
in.
注意:
1.
所续写短文的词数应为150个左右;
2.
至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语;
3.
续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;
4.
续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1
Seeing
me
stand
there
with
the
money
in
my
hand,
Roy
felt
panicked
(恐慌的)
.?????
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2
We
went
to
the
head
teacher
Mrs
Smith,
together.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：1-3
DAD
解析：1.细节理解题.根据文章第二段第一句As
a
hurricane
crosses
over
land,
it
begins
to
become
weaker
or
break
apart
and
reduce
in
strength.可知,当飓风越过陆地时,它开始变得越来越弱,故选D.
2.词义猜测题.根据文章第五段For
example,
in
2010,
storms
were
named
as
follows:
Alex(male),
Bonnie(female),
Colin(male),
Danielle(female),
Earl(male)and
so
on...
可知,风暴的名字是按照字母顺序依次选取男子名和女子名的.此句在画线单词所在的句子之后,由此推知画线单词的含义为"依次选取".
故选A.
3.推理判断题.文章第四段第一句Before
1953,
hurricanes
were
not
given
official
names.
(1953年以前,飓风没有正式的名称.)与D项表达一致.故选D.
2.答案：1-4
AAAC
解析：1.细节理解题.根据第一段第一句
Mandara
seemed
to
know
something
big
was
about
to
happen.可知,一天,
Mandara表现得很奇怪是因为它感觉有什么严重的事情要发生,故选A项.
2.细节理解题.根据第五段
"Animals
can
hear
above
and
below
our
range
of
hearing,"
said
Brandie
Smith.
"That's
part
of
their
special
abilities.
They're
more
sensitive
to
the
environment,
which
is
how
they
survive."
可知Brandie
Smith认为许多动物的听觉很敏锐,故选A项.
3.推理判断题.根据最后一段前两句
Not
all
the
animals
behaved
unusually
before
the
quake.
For
example,
Smith
said
the
zoo's
giant
pandas
didn't
jump
up
until
the
shaking
actually
began.
可知在地震之前,大熊猫并没有表现异常,由此推断出大熊猫不能感知地震,故选A项.
4.主旨大意题.这篇文章主要介绍了在地震前一些动物的表现,有些动物对地震敏感,而有些动物对地震没有感觉,故选C项.
3.答案：1.A;
2.D;
3.C;
4.A
解析：1.A主旨大意题。第二段中通过列举一系列数字表明，加利福尼亚州的大树减少的严重性，故A项正确。
2.D推理判断题。文章第三段提到了造成加利福尼亚州的大树
减少的三个因素：woodcutters,
housing
development
与
aggressive
wildfire
control。前两个因素直接与大树的减少有关，如果能控制
住，大树就不会减少；而第三个因素——控制野火的措施使得加
利福尼亚州的森林里满是跟大树争夺资源的小树，初衷是为了控制野火，这是好的，实则对大树不利，故D项正确（好心办坏事）。
3.C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的"...the
biggest
factors
driving
up
water
stress
in
the
state
have
been
rising
temperatures..."
可知，水不足的主要原因就是气温升高（rising
temperatures),即
更加温暖的气候，故C项正确。
4.A标题归纳题。本文是一篇调查报告，第一段就点出主题：
California
has
lost
half
its
big
trees
since
the
1930s。
后面具体分析
了加利福尼亚州大树的现状、造成大树减少的原因等，A项作为
标题最合适。
4.答案：1.D;
2.C;
3.C;
4.B
解析：1.细节理解题;根据第三段第一句"Lei
missed
the
opportunity
of
going
to
university
due
to
frequent
school
transfers
when
he
was
growing
up."可知,由于经常换学校,雷海为失去了上大学的机会。
2.词义猜测题:第三段开头提到"失去了上大学的机会",再结合转折词but猜测,该词的意思是"减少",所以选C项
3.主旨大意题:第四段主要介绍了雷海为工作繁忙,即使如此,
他还是抓紧时间背诵诗歌:例如,他习惯在餐馆等着取餐或在送餐路上等信号灯时背诵诗歌。由此可知,本段主要介绍了他利用任何可利用的时间背诵诗歌.
4.细节理解题:根据第六段"Lei's
outstanding
performance
during
the
final,and
his
inspirational
story,have
amazed
Chinese
audiences."
可知,B项正确。
二、
答案：①-⑤
GBDCF
解析：①根据空前的两句可知,发生地震时最危险的事情之一是试图从建筑物里逃出来,因此此空应介绍这样做的后果,即容易受伤.故选G.
②根据空后的under
trees,
street
lights,
electric
poles
or
tall
buildings
可知这里说的是室外的情况,因此设空处的内容应该是:要是在室外,去一个宽阔的地方.故选B.
③前面谈论的是驾驶时发生地震需要如何做,此空承接上句,应该说明不要把车停在树下或高大的物体下面.故选D.
④本段主要谈论的是如果被困在废墟中该如何做.根据空前的Don't
shout.
可知后一句应该是解释大声喊会带来什么后果,故选C.
⑤根据空后的However,
sometimes
they
even
happen
months
later.
可知前面要说的是余震可能会在地震后几小时内发生,故选F.
三、
答案：1-5.ACBDC;
6-10.DBAAA;
11-15.CDDAC
解析：1.根据上文的I
told
my
family
that
I
didn't
want
or
need
anything
for
my
birthday可知此处用wanted,属于原词复现。
2.根据下文内容可知,作者的丈夫和女儿都做了好事,故此处用kindness,且下文的be???
13??
?and
kind
to
a
stranger
and
her
co-workers也有暗示。
3.丈夫和女儿做了不同的事,但都是很棒的善举,此处用wonderful符合语境。
4.我生日的那周,丈夫去了当地一家咖啡馆,并告诉服务员他想秘密地为一个家庭付早餐钱。根据下文的trying
to???
8??
?who
might
have
done
it可知这家人不知道是谁付了早餐,故用secretly。
5.结合常识可知,听到要为陌生家庭付早餐的想法,大部分人会感到惊讶,故选C。
6.结合上下文可知,此处是指帮别人付钱的事在这个咖啡馆是第一次发生,以前从来没有发生(happened)过。
7.结合上文pay
for
the
breakfast
of
a
family可知,此处考查短语pay
the
bill(付款/买单)。
8.那位父亲站起来试图找出(find
out)是谁做了这件事,而我的丈夫站在外面观察着整件事。
9.结合上下文可知,此处是指作者的丈夫付款之后到店外观察(watching)事情的发展,故选A项。
10.结合上下文可知,此处是指作者的丈夫因为帮助了别人心里有一种很棒的感觉(feeling)。
11.此处是指作者的丈夫以后还想做(do)这种帮助别人的事情。
12.我女儿的手头很紧,所以她花这周的时间多向别人微笑,在超市里时让别人先走。spend...
in
doing
sth.表示“花……来做某事”。
13.她在我生日那周减缓速度,而且友好善良地对待陌生人和她的同事。根据kind可知此处用friendly符合语境。
14.由语境可知,此处是指在作者生日的那天,他们一家把这周自己所做的好事分享(shared)给大家。
15.结合上句内容可知,作者的丈夫和女儿都做了自己力所能及的好事,作为作者的生日礼物,故推测作者很开心,认为这是最好的(best)生日,故选C项。
四、
答案：①tips
②as
③continuing
④financial
⑤to
help
⑥amazing
⑦with
⑧were
⑨that
⑩their
解析：①考查名词复数.
tip
为可数名词,其前没有冠词修饰,因此用复数形式.
②考查固定短语.
as
well
as
不仅.…..而且..….
.
③考查非谓语动词.
power
bills,
water
bills
and
all
other
expenses与continue
之间为主动关系,故用现在分词作宾语补足语.
④考查词性转换.修饰名词position
应用形容词形式.
⑤考查非谓语动词.此处作目的状语,故用动词不定式.
⑥考查词性转换.修饰名词planet
应用形容词.
amazing令人吃惊的;
amazed吃惊的,惊讶的.
根据句意可知应用amazing.
⑦考查介词.
share
sth.
with
sb.
与某人分享某物.
⑧考查虚拟语气.此处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,
if从句应用一般过去时.
⑨考查定语从句.先行词为all,
关系词在定语从句中作do
(已省略)
的宾语,故用关系代词that.
⑩考查代词.修饰名词bit应用形容词性物主代词.
五、
1.答案：
Loving
Parcels
???
In
order
to
help
the
students
in
the
flood
area,
our
school
held
a
"Loving
Parcels"
donation
activity
last
week.
???
All
of
the
teachers
and
students
took
an
active
part
in
the
activity.
They
donated
their
clothes,
books,
and
schoolbags
and
all
of
them
were
badly
needed.
In
addition,
they
also
wrote
down
the
best
wishes
to
those
students
on
cards,
which
would
be
collected
and
delivered
to
the
schools
that
were
affected
by
the
flood.
???
Not
only
did
the
activity
help
us
express
our
care
for
the
students
and
send
our
sincere
wishes
to
them
but
it
also
taught
us
that
we
should
value
what
we
have.
2.答案：
Paragraph
1
Seeing
me
stand
there
with
the
money
in
my
hand,
Roy
felt
panicked.
I
became
very
angry,
asking
him
if
it
was
the
money
that
we
raised
last
week.
He
went
bright
red,
admitting
that
he
had
stolen
it
in
a
low
voice.
I
slowly
calmed
down
and
hugged
him,
telling
him
that
I
would
be
willing
to
help
him
overcome
his
difficulty.
He
wept
and
then
we
had
a
sincere
talk
face
to
face.
At
last
we
agreed
to
return
the
money.???
Paragraph
2
We
went
to
the
head
teacher
Mrs
Smith,
together.
In
the
teacher’s
office,
Roy
returned
the
money
to
Mrs
Smith,
and
guaranteed
not
to
do
such
things
again.
Though
Mrs
Smith
was
so
surprised
that
she
couldn’t
believe
her
eyes,
she
praised
him
for
his
courage
and
correction
and
told
him
if
he
had
difficulty
with
finance
she
would
be
ready
to
help
him.
Roy
was
moved
to
tears.
After
that,
we
became
good
friends
again.
We
trusted
each
other
and
shared
sorrow
and
happiness
together.Unit
4
Natural
Disasters
Part
one
Vocabulary
1.
rescue
n.
&
vt.
营救；救援
come/go
to
sb.’s
rescue
来/去救助某人
rescue
team/workers
救援队/人员
rescue
…from
…
把……从……中解救出来
2.
damage
vt.
损害；破坏
n.
损坏；损失
do/cause
damage
to…
对……造成损害/破坏
3.
affect
vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动
affect
=
have
an
effect
on
影响
4.
ruin
n.
&
vt.
破坏；毁坏
in
ruins
严重受损；破败不堪
go/come
to
ruin
灭亡；荒废
5.
shock
n.
震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
vt.
（使）震惊
in
shock
震惊；吃惊
in
a
state
of
shock
惊魂未定
be
shocked
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到震惊
6.
trap
vt.
使落入陷阱；使陷入圈套
n.
险境；陷阱
be
trapped
in
被困在……中，陷在……中
trap
sb.
into
doing
sth.
陷害/诱骗某人做某人
7.
bury
vt.埋葬；安葬
bury
oneself
in
=
be
buried
in
埋头于；专心于
8.
breathe
vi.&
vt.呼吸
breath
n.
呼吸
out
of
breathe
气喘吁吁地
hold
one’s
breath
屏住呼吸
9.
supply
n.
供应（量）；补给；[pl.]补给品
vt.
供应；供给
supply
sth.
to
sb.
=supply
sb.
with
sth.给某人提供某物
10.
survive
vi.
生存；存活
vt.
幸存；艰难度过
survive
on
sth.
=
live
on
sth.
靠……存活
11.calm
adj.
镇静的；沉着的
vt.
使平静；使镇静
calm
down
冷静下来
keep
calm
保持冷静
12.
aid
n.
援助；帮助；救援物资
vi.
&
vt.
(formal)
帮助；援助
first
aid
急救
with
the
aid
of
=with
sb’s
aid
在某人的帮助下
13.
sweep
vt.
&
vi.
(swept,
swept)
打扫；清扫
sweep
away
消灭；彻底消除
sweep
over
突然袭来
14.
strike
vi.&
vt.
(struck,
struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打n.
罢工；罢课；袭击
be
on
strike
在罢工
it
strike
sb.
that
…
某人突然想到……
15.
deliver
vt.
&vi.
递送；传达vt.
发表
be
delivered
of
=
give
birth
to
生产；分娩
deliver
a
speech
发表演讲
16.
length
n.
长；长度
in
length
在长度上
at
arm's
length
在伸手可及处；保持一定距离地
Part
two
Grammar
定语从句
定语从句（Attributive
Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,
whom,
whose,
that,
which等。
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who,
whom,
that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is
he
the
man
who/that
wants
to
see
you?
他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中做主语）
He
is
the
man
whom/
that
I
met
yesterday.
他就是我昨天遇见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2）whose
用来指人或物，（只用作定语,
若指物，它还可以同of
which互换），例如：
They
rushed
over
to
help
the
man
whose
car
had
broken
down.
那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please
pass
me
the
book
whose
(of
which)
cover
is
green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which,
that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可做主语、宾语等，例如：
A
prosperity
which
/
that
had
never
been
seen
before
appears
in
the
countryside.
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which
/
that在句中作宾语）
The
package
(which
/
that)
you
are
carrying
is
about
to
come
unwrapped.
你拿的包快散了。（which
/
that在句中作宾语）
定语从句中只能用that
引导的情况
1.当先行词是everything，
anything，
nothing，
all，
none，
few，
little，
some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every，
any，
all，
some，
no，
little，
few，
much等不定代词修饰时。
2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。
3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。
4.当先行词被the
very，
the
only修饰时。
5.当先行词前面有who，
which等疑问代词时。
6.当先行词为人与物时。
7.先行词在定语从句中做表语，而关系代词在从句中也做表语时。
定语从句中只能用which引导的情况
1.当关系代词的前面有介词时。
2.在非限制性定语从句中。
3.在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that，
另一个宜用which。
4.当关系代词后面带有插入语时。
5.先行词本身是that，
宜用which。
定语从句中只能用who引导的情况
1.
先行词是one，ones和anyone时，宜用who。
2.
先行词是those时，宜用who。
3.当先行词有较长的后置定语时，宜用who。
4.一个句子带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who。
5.
在there
be
开头的句子中，宜用who。
关系代词as
引导定语从句
1.
关系代词as在限制性定语从句时，在从句里做宾语时，绝不能省略。
2.
当先行词被
the
same
所修饰时，关系词既可以用
as，也可以用
that。不过一般说来，表示同一种类多用
as，表示同一事物多用
that。但是表示抽象概念时，同种类和同一事物是没有绝对区别的，所以as和that可互换。
3.
as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开。
4.
as引导非限制性定语从句。as在定语从句中做主语、表语或宾语。as代指整个主句，而as引的这个定语从句是用来补充说明整个主句的，可以放在主句之前或者之后。
5.
as常用于be
known/
expected/reported等结构中。
Part
three
Sentence
1.
It
seemed
as
if
the
world
were
coming
to
an
end!
as
if
引导从句
as
if
引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句所表示的情况有明显的依据或实现的可能性较大，则用陈述语气。
例句：She
looks
as
if
she
were
3
years
younger.
as
if
引导的从句有时可用省略形式，
as
if
后面可接副词、不定式、名词、分词或介词短语等。
例句：He
acted
as
if
(he
were)
a
fool.
2.
About
75
percent
of
the
city’s
factories
and
buildings,
90
percent
of
its
homes,
and
all
of
its
hospitals
were
gone.
分数表达法
分子在前，分母在后；分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于等于2，分母用复数形式。
some
of,
plenty
of,
a
lot
of,
most
of,
the
rest
of,
all
of,
half
of,
part
of
以及“分数/百分数+of+名词”做主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词或代词的单复数决定。
拓展：
（1）
1/2
通常读作
a
[one]
half，一般不读作a
second。
（2）1/4
可读作
a
[one]
fourth，也可读作
a
[one]
quarter。
（3）在数学上，为了简洁起见，分子和分母均可用基数词，其间用介词over。如：3/4
读作three
over
four(对于比较复杂的分数通常采用此读法)
（4）带分数的读法：在整数与分数之间用and连接。如：five
and
two
thirds
