Unit
2
Looking
into
the
Future
Part
one
Vocabulary
1.
persuade
vt.
劝说；说服
persuade
sb.
to
do/into
doing
sth.
说服某人做某事
persuade
sb.
not
to
do/out
of
doing
sth.
说服某人不要做某事
persuade
sb.
of
sth.
使某人相信某事
persuade
sb.
that.
.
.
使某人相信……
2.
switch
vt.
转换；交换vi.
&
vt.
（使）改变；转变n.开关；转换器；改变
switch
off/on
关/开（电灯、机器等）
switch
over
to
转换到
3.
routine
n.
常规；正常顺序
adj.
常规的；日常的
daily
routine
日常生活
follow
the
routine
遵从惯例；墨守常规
a
routine
medical
check
定期健康检查
a
dull
routine
question
无聊的例行询问
4.
preference
n.
爱好；偏爱
give
preference
to给……以优惠／优待
have
a
preference
for偏爱……；更喜欢……
prefer
A
to
B
喜欢A胜过喜欢B
（to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词）
prefer
doing.
.
.to
doing.
.
.
宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer
to
do.
.
.rather
than
do.
.
.
宁愿做……而不愿做……
5.
instant
n.
瞬间；片刻
adj.
立即的；速食的；速溶的
the
instant
(that)
一……就……(相当于连词）
for
an
instant一瞬间（指动作持续的时间）
in
an
instant
立即，马上（指动作不久将发生）
6.
command
n.
命令；指令；控制
vt.
命令；控制
take
command
of
控制，指挥
in
command
of
控制，指挥
under
one's
command=under
the
command
of
sb.
由某人控制/指挥
have
a
good
command
of.
.
.
精通……
command
sb.to
do
sth.
命令某人做某事
7.
potential
adj.
可能的；潜在的
n.
潜力；可能性
potentially
adv.
可能地，潜在地
the
potential
for
(doing)
sth.
(做）某事的可能性/潜力
have
the
potential
to
do
sth.
有潜力做某事
achieve/fulfil/realize
one's
(full)
potential
发挥某人的（全部）潜能
8.
combine
vt.
&
vi.
(使）结合；混合
combine
with
与……结合起来
combine
A
and/with
B把A和B结合起来
combine
against
联合起来对抗……
combination.
结合，联合，混合
in
combination
with与……结合
9.
predict
vt.
预测；预言；预料
It
is
predicted
that.
.
.
据预测……
be
predicted
to
do
sth.
预测做某事
10.
oppose
vt.
反对；抵制；阻挠
oppose
doing
sth.
反对做某事
be
opposed
to
(doing)
sth.
反对（做）某事
11.
absence
n.
不存在；缺乏；缺席
absence
from
work/school缺勤/缺课
during/in
one's
absence
某人不在的时候
in
the
absence
of
因缺乏……
absence
of
mind心不在焉
12.
advocate
vt.
提倡；支持；拥护
n.
提倡者；支持者；拥护者
advocate
(doing)
sth.
提倡/主张（做）某事
advocate
that.
.
.
(should)
do...
主张／提倡……
13.
resist
vi.
&
vt.
抵制；反抗；抵挡
resist
(doing)
sth.
抵制（做）某事
can't
resist
doing
sth.
(=can't
help
doing
sth.)
忍不住做某事
resistance
n.
抵抗；抵抗力
resistant
adj.
抵抗的；有抵抗力的
14.
accurate
adj.
精确的；准确的
be
accurate
in在……方面准确
to
be
accurate精确地说
Part
two
Grammar
将来进行时
一、将来进行时的构成和概念
将来进行时由“will/shall
be
+现在分词”构成，shall
用于第一人称，will用于各种人称。将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常表示已经安排好的事情。
二、将来进行时的用法
（1）表示将来某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行的动作，常与at
this
time
tomorrow,
at…o'clock,
tomorrow
afternoon等表示将来某个具体时间点或时间段的时间状语连用。
（2）将来进行时可以表示已经计划好的事。
（3）将来进行时用来表示委婉客气。
（4）将来进行时可以表示现在正在进行的动作，
但这个动作会延续到将来。
（5）将来进行时可以用于解释原因。
【注意】
一般将来时强调的是“将来要发生”的动作和状态，而将来进行时表示“将来某个时间正在进行”的动作。
Part
three
Sentence
1.
These
smart
homes
will
keep
us
secure,
save
us
energy,
and
provide
a
more
comfortable
environment
to
live
in.
动词不定式作定语
不定式作后置定语时，须放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面。常见的动词不定式（短语）作定语的情况有：
1）被修饰词为last，
only，序数词，
形容词最高级或被last，
only，序数词，
形容词最高级修饰的词，且被修饰词与动词之间为逻辑上的主动关系时。
2）不定代词something，
nothing，
little等后常用不定式（短语）作定语，说明被修饰代词的内容。
3）抽象名词time，
way，
reason，chance，ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后常用不定式（短语）作定语。
4）被修饰词前有the
only，the
very，the
next等词时。
5）表示将要发生的动作时（既有主动形式，也有被动形式）
二、Your
lights
will
come
on
the
instant
you
enter
the
door
along
with
your
favourite
music
or
TV
programmers,
and
you
will
find
your
dinner
already
prepared
for
you.
(1)
名词短语引导的时间状语从句
1）the
moment，the
minute，the
second，
the
day，the
week，the
month，
the
year等引导的时间状语从句。
2)
the
first/second/third/….time，the
last
time，next
time，any
time，every
time，
each/every
time等引导的时间状语从句
（2）“find+宾语+宾补”结构
“find+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词以及不定式等来充当。find
后由动词不定式作宾语补足语时，可以省略to，但当不定式为to
be
时，to
不可省略。2020-2021学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册
期末复习单元知识检测
Unit
2
一、阅读理解
1.???
Many
people
over
60
years
of
age
in
the
UK
are
spending
their
later
years
taking
up
new
hobbies
and
activities,
according
to
research
from
Age
UK.
71
percent
of
those
over
60
years
old
are
meeting
new
challenges
like
learning
a
foreign
language,
taking
to
the
dance
floor,
or
even
taking
part
in
outdoor
activities
like
bungee
jumping
and
mountain
climbing.
???
The
new
survey
looks
at
attitudes
towards
later
life
in
people
aged
18
and
above
and
has
been
conducted
to
mark
the
start
of
a
new
TV
advertising
campaign.
With
the
positive
attitudes
of
many
of
those
aged
60
and
above
who
describe
their
lifestyle
as
interesting
(38
percent)
,
varied
(42
percent)
,
fun
(20
percent)
and
satisfying
(24
percent)
,
it
shows
the
nation
that
growing
older
does
not
mean
that
interests
and
hobbies
should
stop.
???
It
features
people
doing
what
they
enjoy,
celebrating
later
life
and
all
that
it
can
offer.
This
is
in
sharp
contrast
to
some
younger
people's
ideas
of
old
age
as
boring
and
slower-paced.
Among
those
featured
are
a
Tai
Chi
group,
dancers,
a
91-year-old
bodybuilder,
and
an
81-year-old
singing
leading
lady.
Many
of
them
are
people
who
have
been
directly
helped
by
Age
UK.
The
advertisement
aims
to
show
the
different
services
and
products
that
Age
UK
offers
and
how
it
can
help
people
to
make
the
most
of
later
life.
???
Michelle
Mitchell,
Charity
Director
at
Age
UK
said,
"Through
our
research
and
the
exciting
new
TV
advertisement,
we
hope
to
show
another
side
of
growing
older
and
encourage
people
of
all
ages
to
take
up
some
hobbies.
One
in
five
says
that
they
have
felt?more
comfortable
in
their
own
skin
since
they
reached
60
years
of
age,
and
this
confidence
helps
to
give
people
the
drive
to
try
the
activities
they
have
always
wanted
to
try."
1.How
many
people
aged
60
and
above
describe
their
lifestyle
as
varied
according
to
the
research?
A.
38
percent.
B.
42
percent.
C.
20
percent.
D.
24
percent.
2.What
can
be
learnt
from
Paragraph
3?
A.
Many
old
people
lead
a
positive
life.
B.
Age
UK
has
organized
a
Tai
Chi
group.
C.
Old
age
is
not
boring,
but
a
little
slow-paced.
D.
Age
UK
offers
product
to
old
people
for
free.
3.Where
is
the
passage
most
probably
taken
from?
A.
A
life
magazine.
B.
A
textbook.
C.
A
fashion
website.
D.
A
health
handbook.
2.???
Dogs
are
our
best
friends.
That's
especially
true
after
a
disaster,
such
as
an
earthquake.
When
buildings
fall
down,
search-and-rescue
dogs
help
find
trapped
people.
Dogs'
amazing
noses
can
pick
up
the
smell
of
survivors.
Now
scientists
have
developed
an
electronic
tool
that
does
the
same
thing.
It's
taking
smell
detection
(探测)
to
a
whole
new
level.
???
The
new
invention
is
a
sort
of
electronic
nose,
which
can
detect
extremely
low
levels
of
many
compounds
(化合物)
from
people's
skin.
This
isn't
the
first
time
engineers
have
developed
such
an
object.
Earlier
models,
however,
have
been
bulky
and
expensive.
They
could
not
detect
low
levels
of
target
compounds
either.
The
new
one
is
inexpensive
and
small
enough
to
fit
inside
hand-held
equipment.
???
The
electronic
nose
can
detect
extremely
slight
smell
of
more
than
one
compound
at
the
same
time.
"Being
able
to
do
this,
in
such
a
small
object,
is
the
significant
discovery,"
says
Sotiris
E.
Pratsinis,
Professor
of
Process
Engineering
&
Materials
Science
at
the
Swiss
Federal
Institute
of
Technology
in
Zurich.
His
team
tested
it
in
special
spaces.
They
were
like
the
small
spaces
where
people
might
be
trapped.
Chemicals
given
off
by
the
volunteers
built
up
inside.
The
electronic
equipment
detected
those
compounds
at
unbelievably
low
levels.
???
The
results
were
good
news
for
the
research
team.
But
they
may
be
not
for
our
four-legged
friends,
who
could
soon
be
out
of
a
job.
"Ideally,
this
technology
could
replace
search-and-rescue
dogs,"
Pratsinis
says.
???
Stephen
Taylor,
an
electrical
engineer,
agrees
that
the
new
technology
has
some
benefits
over
dogs.
Still,
he
thinks
it
may
be
too
soon
to
have
our
trusty
friends
retire.
He
suspects,
"I
foresee
that
such
an
object
could
add
to
the
fine
work
done
by
the
dogs."
Taylor
also
pointed
out
some
potential
limitations
of
the
new
invention.
"E-noses
are
useful,
but
can
be
very
likely
to
be
affected
by
unstable
readings
and
interruption,"
he
says.
1.Why
does
the
author
talk
about
dogs
at
the
beginning?
A.To
catch
the
readers'
attention.
B.To
introduce
the
topic
about
e-noses.
C.To
show
what
search-and-rescue
dogs
do.
D.To
add
background
information
for
discussion.
2.Which
of
the
following
best
explains
"bulky"
underlined
in
Paragraph
2?
A.Complex.
B.Fragile.
C.Handy.
D.Large.
3.What
is
Paragraph
3
mainly
about?
A.What
e-noses,
working
principle
is.
B.How
e-noses
are
made.
C.What
differences
between
dogs
and
e-noses
are.
D.How
powerful
e-noses
are.
4.What
does
Stephen
Taylor
mean?
A.Dogs
and
e-noses
could
work
together.
B.Search-and-rescue
dogs
will
retire
soon.
C.E-noses
are
more
reliable
than
noses
of
dogs.
D.Dogs
are
better
at
finding
out
trapped
people.
3.???
Nearly
every
week,
we
hear
news
about
the
latest
successes
and
failures
in
driverless
vehicles.
But
we
hear
little
about
how
other
industries
are
developing
this
same
kind
of
technology.
???
One
industry
heavily
involved
in
researching
and
developing
artificial
intelligence,
or
AI,
is
agriculture.
Companies
are
experimenting
with
high-tech
tools
that
can
help
farmers
save
time
and
money,
while
reducing
environment-harming
chemicals.
???
One
of
the
companies
is
ecoRobotix
of
Switzerland.
It
created
a
robot
equipped
with
AI
and
cameras
to
identify
all
plants
on
a
farm.
The
robot
has
four
wheels
to
carry
it
through
the
fields
in
search
of
weeds.
Computer-controlled
arms
then
lower
and
spray
the
weeds
with
small
amounts
of
herbicide
(除草剂).
Company
officials
say
the
robot
can
fully
operate
on
its
own
for
up
to
12
hours
a
day
while
being
powered
by
the
sun.
It
uses
the
same
kind
of
sensor
and
positioning
technology
used
to
guide
driverless
vehicles.
A
farmer
can
also
control
the
equipment
through
a
smartphone.
???
The
co-founder
of
ecoRobotix,
Aurelien
Demaurex,
says
the
farm
robot
can
kill
weeds
with
20
times
less
herbicide
than
traditional
methods.
This
is
because
the
system
uses
exactly
the
right
amount
of
chemical
in
the
exact
place
required
to
kill
the
weeds.
Currently,
farmers
spread
weed
killers
over
massive
areas
to
destroy
unwanted
plants.
???
Another
company
developing
farm
robotics
is
California-based
Blue
River
Technology.
The
company
has
a
system
called
"See
&
Spray",
which
it
claims
is
the
world's
first
smart
sprayer.
The
system—which
connects
to
the
back
of
a
tractor—is
also
equipped
with
AI
to
identify
and
chemically
kill
only
the
weeds.
It
can
also
spray
chemicals
on
wanted
plants
to
help
them
grow.
Ben
Chostner,
vice-president
of
business
development
for
Blue
River
Technology,
explains
in
a
company
video
that
"See
&
Spray"
technology
uses
the
same
deep
learning
methods
used
in
facial
recognition.
"The
first
time
the
machine
saw
a
pigweed,
it
didn't
know
what
kind
of
plant
it
was.
But
we
taught
it—by
giving
it
tens
of
thousands
of
examples
of
pigweed—and
now
it's
an
expert
in
pigweed."
1.How
will
AI
benefit
agriculture?
A.It
will
fund
agriculture
research.
B.It
contributes
to
low-cost
farming.
C.It
can
avoid
harmful
chemicals.
D.It
frees
all
farmers
from
field
work.
2.What
do
the
products
of
the
two
companies
have
in
common?
A.They
use
recognition
technology.
B.They
are
powered
by
solar
energy.
C.They
are
connected
with
smart
phones.
D.They
can
help
wanted
plants
grow
rapidly.
3.What
do
Ben
Chostner's
words
suggest
about
the
robot?
A.It
is
environmentally
friendly.
B.It
is
good
at
self-improving.
C.It
has
the
learning
ability.
D.It
can
track
various
plants.
4.What
is
mainly
talked
about
in
the
text?
A.The
experiment
in
farming
robots.
B.New
trend
in
artificial
intelligence.
C.Modern
"See
&
Spray"
technology.
D.Artificial
intelligence
in
agriculture.
4.???
Many
leading
AI
researchers
think
that
in
a
matter
of
decades,
artificial
intelligence
will
be
able
to
do
not
merely
some
of
our
jobs,
but
all
of
our
jobs,
forever
transforming
life
on
the
earth.
???
The
reason
why
many
people
reject
this
as
science
fiction
is
that
we've
traditionally
thought
of
intelligence
as
something
mysterious
that
can
only
exist
in
biological
organisms,
especially
humans.
But
such
an
idea
is
unscientific.
???
From
my
point
of
view
as
a
physicist
and
AI
researcher,
intelligence
is
simply
a
certain
kind
of
information-processing
performed
by
elementary
particles
(基本粒子)
moving
around,
and
there
is
no
law
of
physics
that
says
one
can't
build
machines
more
intelligent
than
us
in
all
ways.
This
suggests
that
we've
only
seen
the
tip
of
the
intelligence
iceberg
and
that
there
is
an
amazing
potential
to
unlock
the
full
intelligence
that
is
potential
in
nature
and
use
it
to
help
humanity.
???
If
we
get
it
right,
the
upside
is
huge.
Since
everything
we
love
about
civilization
is
the
product
of
intelligence,
amplifying
(扩大)
our
own
intelligence
with
AI
has
the
potential
to
solve
tomorrow's
toughest
problems.
For
example,
why
risk
our
loved
ones
dying
in
traffic
accidents
that
self-driving
cars
could
prevent
or
dying
of
cancers
that
AI
might
help
us
find
cures
for?
Why
not
increase
productivity
through
automation
and
use
AI
to
accelerate
our
research
and
development
of
affordable
sustainable
(可持续的)
energy?
???
I'm
optimistic
that
we
can
develop
rapidly
with
advanced
AI
as
long
as
we
win
the
race
between
the
growing
power
of
our
technology
and
the
knowledge
with
which
we
manage
it.
But
this
requires
giving
up
our
outdated
concept
of
learning
from
mistakes.
That
helped
us
win
the
race
with
less
powerful
technology.
We
messed
up
with
fire
and
then
invented
fire
extinguishers
(灭火器),
and
we
messed
up
with
cars
and
then
invented
seat
belts.
However,
it's
an
awful
idea
for
more
powerful
technologies,
such
as
nuclear
weapons
or
super
intelligent
AI—where
even
a
single
mistake
is
unacceptable
and
we
need
to
get
things
right
the
first
time.
(1)How
do
many
people
feel
about
leading
AI
researchers'
predictions?
A.Worried.
B.
Curious.
C.
Doubtful.
D.Disappointed.
(2)What
does
the
author
think
of
intelligence?
A.We
know
little
about
it.
B.It
belongs
to
human
beings.
C.It
is
too
difficult
to
understand.
D.We
have
a
good
command
of
it.
(3)What
does
the
underlined
word
"upside"
in
Paragraph
4
probably
mean?
A.
Cost.
B.
Potential.
C.
Quantity.
D.
Advantage.
(4)What's
important
for
us
in
the
race
between
people
and
technology?
A.Learning
from
failure.
B.Increasing
our
intelligence.
C.Avoiding
making
mistakes.
D.Making
accurate
predictions.
二、七选五
???
Imagine
an
area
34
Limes
the
size
of
Manhattan.
Now
imagine
it
covered
ankle-deep
in
plastic
waste—a
total
of
about
19
billion
pounds
of
garbage.
①______________
???
"We're
being
overwhelmed
(淹没)
by
our
waste,"?
said
Jenna
Jambeck,
an
environmental
engineer
who
led
the
2015
study
that
determined
this
astonishing
number.
②______________,
unless
something
is
done
to
stop
the
tide
of
garbage.
??
Plastic—a
widely-used
material—has
in
many
ways
been
a
benefit
to
humans
but
it
has
also
caused
a
growing
problem.
Today,
plastics
are
the
No.
1
type
of
garbage
found
in
the
sea.
Ocean
Conservancy,
a
nonprofit
environmental
advocacy
group
that
organises
an
annual
coastal
cleanup
event
worldwide,
said
plastic
waste
makes
up
around
85
percent
of
the
garbage
collected
from
beaches
and
oceans.
???
Ocean
Conservancy
says
plastics
are
believed
to
threaten
(威胁)
at
least
600
different
wildlife
species
(物种).
③______________;
a
growing
body
of
evidence
suggests
humans
are
consuming
plastics
through
the
seafood
we
eat.
Research
suggests
some
plastics
could
be
poisonous
to
humans,
and
could
potentially
increase
the
risk
of
health
problems.
???
④______________.
At
the
Economist
World
Ocean
Summit
this
week,
ten
nations
announced
to
reduce
plastic
sea
litter
as
part
of
UN
Environment's
Clean
Seas
campaign.
⑤______________.
Corporations
also
have
a
role,
as
do
individuals.
???
We
can
start
by
thinking
twice
before
using
single-use
plastic
products—and
when
we
do
use
them,
we
should
take
care
to
properly
throw
them
off
or
recycle.
A.?The
following
is
what
we
should
do
B.?And
it’s
not
just
wildlife
that's
threatened
C.?And
this
figure
is
likely
to
double
by
2025
D.?But
it's
not
just
countries
that
need
to
do
their
part
E.?By
2050,
that
figure
is
expected
to
rise
to
1,000
pieces
F.?That's
how
much
plastic
waste
ends
up
in
our
oceans
every
year
G.?All
of
us
have
an
important
role
to
play
in
dealing
with
the
problems
三、完形填空
???
Modern
inventions
have
speeded
up
people's
lives
amazingly.
Motor
cars???
1??
?a
hundred
miles
in
more
than
an
hour,
aircraft
cross
the
world
within
a
day,
while
computers
operate
at
lightning
speed.
Indeed,
this
love
of???
2??
?seems
never-ending.
Every
year
motor
cars
are
produced
which
go
even
faster
and
each
new
computer
boasts
(吹嘘)
of???
3??
?precious
seconds
in
handling
tasks.
???
All
these
save
time,
but
at
a
cost.
When
we
lose
or???
4??
?half
a
day
in
speeding
across
the
world
in
an
airplane,
our
bodies
tell
us
so.
We
get
the
uncomfortable
feeling
known
as
jet-lag
(时差).
Our
bodies
feel
that
they
have
been???
5??
?behind
in
another
time
zone.
Again,
spending
too
long
at???
6??
?results
in
painful
wrists
and
fingers.
Mobile
phones
also
have
their
dangers:
too
much
use
may
transmit
harmful???
7??
?into
our
brains.
???
However,
how
do
we???
8??
?the
time
we
have
saved?
Certainly
not
relax,
or
so
it
seems.
We
are
so
used
to
constant
activity
that
we
find
it???
9??
?to
sit
down
and
do
nothing
or
even
just
one
thing
at
a????
10??
?.
Perhaps
the
days
are
long
gone
when
we
might
listen???
11??
?to
a
story
on
the
radio,
letting
imagination
take
us
into
another
world.
???
There
was
a
time
when
some
people's
lives
were
devoted
simply
to
the
cultivation
(耕作)
of
the???
12??
?or
the
care
of
cattle.
No
multi-tasking
there;
their
lives
went
on
at
a
much
gentler
pace.
There
is
much
that
we
might
envy
about
a???
13??
?of
life
like
this.
Yet
before
we
do
so,
we
must
think
of
the
hard
tasks
our
ancestors???
14??
?.
Modern
machines
have????
15??
?people
from
that
primitive
existence.
1.A.
explore
B.
get
C.
cover
D.
fly
2.A.
speed
B.
time
C.
product
D.
distance
3.A.
wasting
B.
losing
C.
saving
D.
spending
4.A.
earn
B.
drop
C.
miss
D.
gain
5.A.
left
B.
come
C.
forgotten
D.
felt
6.A.
ships
B.
airplanes
C.
computers
D.
cars
7.A.
prevention
B.
radiation
C.
combination
D.
damage
8.A.
control
B.
handle
C.
do
D.
deal
9.A.
uncomfortable
B.
easy
C.
difficult
D.
good
10.A.
second
B.
day
C.
year
D.
time
11.A.
actively
B.
quietly
C.
quickly
D.
curiously
12.A.
surface
B.
water
C.
land
D.
island
13.A.
way
B.
view
C.
pathway
D.
point
14.A.
expressed
B.
charged
C.
inspired
D.
faced
15.A.
freed
B.
remained
C.
kept
D.
cleared
四、语法填空
???
Global
warming
could
make
humans
shorter
Scientists?claim
to
have
found
evidence
that
it
caused
the
world's
first
horses?①
___
(become)?smaller
nearly
50
million
years
ago.
In
fact,
a
team
from
the
universities
of
Florida
and
Nebraska
says?②___
has
found
a
link
between
the
earth
heating
up
and
the
size
of
horses,?during
the
last
time
the
world
heated
up.
The
scientists
used
fossils
to
follow
the
evolution
of
horses?from
their
earliest?③
___?(appear)
56
million
years
ago.
As
temperatures
went
up,
their
size
went?④___.
The
scientists
say
that
the
current
warming
could
have
the
same
effect?⑤___
mammals
and
could
even
make
humans?⑥
___
(small).
"Horses
started
out
small,?about
the
size
of
a
small
dog.
What's?⑦
___
(surprise)
is
that
after
they
first
appeared,
they
then
became
even
smaller
and
then
dramatically
increased
in
size,
and
that?⑧
___?(
exact)
corresponds
to
(符合)
the
global
warming
event,
followed
by
cooling.
"?"It
had
been
known
that
mammals?⑨
___?(
be)
small
during
the
last
warm
time,?⑩
___
we
hadn't
realised
that
temperature
specifically
was
driving
the
evolution
of
body
size,"?Dr
Bloch
said
in
the
Science
journal.
五、写作
1.你校将于5月4日在学校篮球场举办高中生机器人设计大赛,请你代表校学生会根据下面提示写一篇书面通知,内容如下:
???
1.?请有意愿参加的同学在4月26日前到学生会报名;
???
2.?参评内容包括机器人的外观和功能;
???
3.
前五名获奖学生将代表学校参加市中学生机器人设计大赛。
注意:
???
1.?词数80左右;
???
2.?可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:报名sign
up;
外貌appearance;
功能function
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
???
Though
it
is
one
of
the
faded
memories
of
my
life
today,
there
are
times
when
I
remember
his
face
clearly,
especially
his
eyes.
As
he
had
yellow
spots
on
his
eyes
we
called
him
Spotty.
He
would
have
been
a
stray
(流浪)dog,
until
he
came
to
me.
???
I
was
seven
years
old.
My
dad
had
just
got
a
new
job
in
Nasik.
We
had
moved
into
a
rented
house.
It
was
raining
very
heavily
on
the
day
we
moved.
???
It
was
a
cold
dark
night.
We
had
our
meal
and
went
to
sleep.
Somehow
in
the
midnight
I
heard
some
strange
sounds
outside
the
main
door.
I
gathered
courage
and
looked
out
through
the
window
and
I
was
really
amused
with
what
I
saw
outside.
???
There
was
a
small
puppy
lying
on
an
old
doormat
which
my
mother
had
put
outside
the
door.
It
was
wet
and
trembling.
At
first
it
was
difficult
to
see
the
little
one.
It
was
the
yellow
spots
on
its
eyes
that
made
me
realize
its
presence.
???
It
was
trying
to
get
under
the
doormat
to
avoid
the
cold
air
outside
and
it
had
managed
to
get
in
as
I
could
see
only
its
head
outside
the
doormat.
Was
it
sick
or
injured?
???
I
felt
pity
for
the
poor
soul.
I
went
in
and
came
out
with
an
old
towel.
I
went
near
the
innocent
one
and
held
it
in
my
hand
and
wiped
the
puppy
till
he
had
become
dry.
I
took
him
into
my
room
and
made
a
bed
for
him
with
a
woolen
blanket
and
a
small
pillow.
He
seemed
very
healthy
and
comfortable
in
his
new
bed
as
he
went
to
sleep
immediately.
???
The
next
morning,
everyone
in
the
family
came
to
know
about
the
unusual
guest,
"Shall
we
keep
him
with
us?"
I
questioned
my
mom.
???
Like
any
other
parents
would,
my
parents
first
totally
refused
my
idea
but
my
sister
and
I
convinced
them
to
keep
Spotty.
???
Slowly
Spotty
got
on
with
everyone
and
became
one
of
the
family
members.
Paragraph
1
:
One
day,
Spotty
returned
from
his
daily
walk
with
a
broken
leg.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2
:
Almost
a
year
later,
one
midnight
we
heard
Spotty
barking
breathlessly.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：1-3
BAA
解析：1.细节理解题.根据第二段中的
many
of
those
aged
60
and
above
who
describe
their
lifestyle
as
interesting
(38
percent),
varied
(42
percent)
可知,调查显示42%的老人认为自己的生活丰富多彩,故选B项.
2.推理判断题.根据第三段中的
It
features
people
doing
what
they
enjoy,
celebrating
later
life
and
all
that
it
can
offer.
This
is
in
sharp
contrast
to
some
younger
people's
ideas
of
old
age
as
boring
and
slower-paced.
可知,老年人的生活是非常积极问上的.后面还举了一些具体的例子(太极团体,舞者,91岁的健美运动者,81岁的女领唱)来证明这一点.故选A项.
3.推理判断题.本文介绍了在英国,很多超过六十岁的老人都在过着积极、丰富的生活.这篇文章介绍的是老年人的生活方式.因此文章最有可能出自生活杂志,故选A项.
2.答案：1-4BDDA
解析：1.推理判断题。第一段中,作者先介绍了狗的鼻子有很多用途,然后介绍科学家现在发明了可以做同样事情的电子鼻。由此可以推断,先提及狗是为了引出电子鼻的话题,故选B项。
2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Earlier
models,
however,
have
been
bulky
and
expensive...
The
new
one
is
inexpensive
and
small
enough
to
fit
inside
hand-held
equipment.可知,早期的电子鼻比较昂贵且“bulky”,新型的电子鼻则体积小巧,可放入手持设备内,新旧形成对比,由此猜测bulky是“庞大”的意思,故选D项。complex意为“复杂的”,fragile意为“易碎的”,handy意为“方便的”。
3.主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了电子鼻可以同时检测到多种化合物极其轻微的气味,故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I
foresee
that
such
an
object
could
add
to
the
fine
work
done
by
the
dogs.”可知,斯蒂芬·泰勒认为电子鼻可以配合狗进行工作,故选A项。
3.答案：1-4.BACD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段One
industry
heavily
involved
in
researching
and
developing
artificial
intelligence,
or
AI,
is
agriculture.
Companies
are
experimenting
with
high-tech
tools
that
can
help
farmers
save
time
and
money,
while
reducing
environment-harming
chemicals.可知,人工智能通过帮助农民节省时间和金钱即降低成本造福农业,故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的One
of
the
companies
is
ecoRobotix
of
Switzerland.
It
created
a
robot
equipped
with
AI
and
cameras
to
identify
all
plants
on
a
farm.
和最后一段中的The
system—which
connects
to
the
back
of
a
tractor—is
also
equipped
with
AI
to
identify
and
chemically
kill
only
the
weeds.可知,这两家公司的产品的共同之处是他们都使用识别技术,故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中本·乔斯特纳的话可知,该技术使用了与人脸识别相同的深度学习方法。在人们教它大量例子之后,它由不认识藜草转变成为藜草专家,所以他的话表明这个机器人有学习能力,故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。第二段中的One
industry
heavily
involved
in
researching
and
developing
artificial
intelligence,
or
AI,
is
agriculture.是全文的主题句,结合全文内容可知,这篇文章主要讲了人工智能在农业中的应用,故选D项。
4.答案：(1)-(4)CADC
解析：(1)推理判断题.根据第二段中的
"many
people
reject
this
as
science
fiction"
可以推知,很多人不相信
AI
研究者的预言,认为那更像是科幻小说.故选C.
(2)细节理解题.根据第三段中的
"we've
only
seen
the
tip
of
the
intelligence
iceberg."
可知,作者认为,人类对智能的认识还只是冰山一角.故选A.
(3)词义猜测题.第四段主要论述了恰当利用人工智能的好处第一句是本段的主句.
upside
意为
"好的一面,优势",
相当于
advantage.
故选D.
(4)细节理解题.根据最后一段中的
"we
can
develop
rapidly
with
advanced
AI...giving
up
our
outdated
concept
of
learning
from
mistakes."
可知,作者认为,赢得这场比赛的关键在于抛弃
"从错误中学习"
的过时理念.故选C.
二、
答案：FCBGD
解析：①根据前一句Now
imagine
it
covered
ankle-deep
in
plastic
waste—a
total
of
about
19
billion
pounds
of
garbage.可知,塑料垃圾总共为190亿磅左右,F选项“这就是每年被丢到海洋里的塑料垃圾的数量”与前文呼应,故选F项。
②根据后文unless
something
is
done
to
stop
the
tide
of
garbage(除非采取一些措施来减少垃圾)可知,C选项“预计到2025年,这个数字很可能会翻倍”与后文形成条件关系,切题,故选C项。
③根据后文a
growing
body
of
evidence
suggests
humans
are
consuming
plastics
through
the
seafood
we
eat可知,越来越多的证据显示人类通过食用海产品也摄入了塑料,B选项“不仅野生生物受到威胁”切题,故选B项。
④根据本段后文
ten
nations以及Corporations可知,这个问题需要全世界共同合作,C选项“所有人都能够为解决此问题发挥作用”切题,故选G项。
⑤根据下一句Corporations
also
have
a
role,
do
individuals.可知,企业和个人也能发挥作用,D选项“不仅仅是国家需要尽到责任”引出下文,切题,故选D项。
三、
答案：1-5
CACDA
6-10
CBBCD
11-15
BCADA
解析：1.根据空后的
a
hundred
miles
in
more
than
an
hour,
aircraft
cross
the
world
within
a
day
可知,此处是说汽车在一个多小时内就能行驶一百英里,飞机在一天内就能飞越世界.故选C项.
2.根据上文的
Modern
inventions
have
speeded
up
people's
lives
amazingly.
及列举的一些有关速度的例子可知此处是说,这种对速度的热爱似乎永无止境.故选A项.
3.根据下文的
All
these
save
time,
but
at
a
cost.
可知,此处是指每年都会生产出速度更快的汽车,
(商家)
每生产一台新电脑都会吹嘘它在处理任务时能节省宝贵的时间.故选C项.
4.根据空前的
lose
or
可知,当我们乘坐飞机在世界各地加速飞行时,无论是损失还是获得了半天的时间,我们的身体会告诉我们.故选D项.
5.根据上文的
We
get
the
uncomfortable
feeling
known
as
jet-lag.
和常识可知,此处是说我们的身体感觉它们被留在了另一个时区.故选A项.
6.根据空后的
painful
wrists
and
fingers
并结合四个选项可知,此处是说长时间使用电脑会导致手腕和手指疼痛.故选C项.
7.根据上文的
Mobile
phones
also
have
their
dangers
可知,本句在说有关手机的害处,四个选项中B项与之相关.这里是说过多使用手机可能会向我们的大脑传递有害的辐射.故选B项.
8.根据下文的
Certainly
not
relax,
or
so
it
seems.
可知,此处是提出问题:我们如何处理节省下来的时间呢?
故选B项.
9.根据下文的
Perhaps
the
days
are
long
gone
when
we
might
listen
___
to
a
story
on
the
radio,
letting
imagination
take
us
into
another
world.
可知这里意思是我们已经习惯了持续性的活动,以至于我们很难坐下来什么都不做,甚至一次只做一件事.故选C项.
10.根据语境,我们已经习惯了持续的活动,以至于我们很难坐下来什么都不做,甚至一次只做一件事.
at
a
time
意为
"一次",
故选D项.
11.根据语境,此处是说我们安静地听收音机里的故事,让想象力带我们进入另一个世界的日子早就一去不复返了.故选B项.
12.根据空前的
the
cultivation
可知,曾经有那样一个年代,有些人的生活仅仅是耕种土地或照料牛群.故选C项.
13.根据上文的
No
multi-tasking
there;
their
lives
went
on
at
a
much
gentler
pace.
可知,此处是指这样的生活方式有许多值得我们羡慕的地方.故选A项.
14.根据语境,此处是说,在我们这样做之前,我们必须想想我们的祖先面对的艰巨任务.
express
意为
"表达";
charge
意为
"控告";
inspire
意为
"鼓舞";
face
意为
"面对".
故选D项.
15.根据空前的
Modern
machines
以及空后的
people
from
that
primitive
existence
可知,是现代机器把人们从那种原始的生活中解放出来.free
意为
"解放";
remain
意为
"保持";
keep
意为
"维持";
clear
意为
"清除".
故选A项.
四、
答案：①to
become
②it
③appearance
④down
⑤on
⑥smaller
⑦surprising
⑧exactly
⑨were
⑩but
解析：①cause
sb/sth
to
do
sth
是固定搭配,意为
"导致某人/某物做某事".
故填
to
become.
②指代前面提到的
a
team
应用
it.
故填
it.
③形容词性物主代词
their
后应用
appear
的名词形式.故填
appearance.
④根据上下文内容可知,温度上升会导致马的体形变小.故填
up
的反义词
down.
⑤have
an
effect
on
是固定搭配,意为
"对.....有影响".
故填
on.
⑥此处暗含气候变暖前后人类体形的对比,应用比较级.故填
smaller.
⑦be
动词后应用形容词作表语,此处修饰的是事物,应用
surprising,
意为
"令人惊讶的".
故填surprising.
⑧修饰动词短语
corresponds
to
要用
exact
的副词形式.故填
exactly.
⑨mammals是复数形式,后面的系动词也要用复数形式.时间是
during
the
last
warm
time,
应用一般过去时.故填
were.
⑩句意为:我们已经知道哺乳动物在上个温暖期个头较小,但我们还未意识到正是温度驱动着体形大小的进化.由句意可知设空前后为转折关系.故填
but.
五、
1.答案：
Notice
???
A
robot
design
contest
will
be
held
in
our
school
on
the
basketball
court
on
May
4th.
Those
who
would
like
to
take
part
in
it
are
supposed
to
sign
up
at
the
office
of
the
Students'
Union
before
April
26th.
All
the
senior
students
are
welcome
to
join
in
the
contest.
The
functions
as
well
as
the
appearance
of
the
robots
you
design
will
be
considered
when
we
choose
the
best
ones.
The
first
five
winners
will
be
given
prizes.
Besides,
they
can
compete
in
the
robot
design
contest
of
the
senior
school
students
in
the
city
of
Yinchuan
in
the
name
of
our
school.
What's
more,
we
believe
you
will
learn
a
lot
when
you
make
efforts
to
do
well
in
the
contest.
Please
try
your
best
and
get
ready
in
time.
the
Students'
Union
April
19,
2020
2.答案：
Paragraph
1:
???
One
day,
Spotty
returned
from
his
daily
walk
with
a
broken
leg.
I
called
out
my
mother
and
she
quickly
tied
a
bandage
around
his
leg
and
gave
him
food
to
eat.
I
was
very
upset.
But
the
next
day,
Spotty
was
up
to
his
usual
pranks
though
he
limped
a
bit.
After
this
incident
my
relation
with
Spotty
became
more
intense.
I
really
admired
him
a
lot
for
his
courage.
Paragraph
2:
???
Almost
a
year
later,
one
midnight
we
heard
Spotty
barking
breathlessly.
We
came
out
and
saw
that
he
was
barking
continuously
heading
somewhere.
After
some
time
Spotty
became
quiet.
I
patted
him
on
his
back
and
came
inside.
The
next
morning,
my
heart
skipped
a
beat
when
I
didn't
see
Spotty.
I
searched
for
him
in
each
and
every
corner
but
he
was
nowhere.
And
this
time
he
had
gone
and
would
never
come
back.
I
cried
and
waited
for
him.
We
waited
for
one
long
week.
But
there
were
no
signs
of
him.
Then
one
day
my
Dad
got
transferred
to
Mumbai.
We
shifted
back
to
Mumbai.
What
would
have
happened
to
Spotty?
Would
he
have
died?
These
were
the
only
questions
in
my
mind,
but
they
all
remained
unanswered
forever.
