第三单元测评
(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
W:I’m
sorry
to
have
kept
you
waiting.
M:Oh,I
don’t
mind.I
came
here
at
half
past
eight,and
it’s
only
8:40
now.
1.How
long
has
the
man
been
waiting?
A.For
half
an
hour.
B.For
forty
minutes.
C.For
ten
minutes.
答案C
M:Another
piece
of
meat
pie?
W:No,thanks
really.I’m
on
a
diet.
M:Please
do.You’ve
hardly
eaten
anything.
2.Why
won’t
the
woman
eat
any
more
food?
A.She
is
losing
weight.
B.She
isn’t
feeling
well.
C.She
has
had
enough.
答案A
M:Will
you
have
any
time
to
type
this
English
paper
before
lunch?
W:No
problem.I
can
start
right
now
and
finish
it
in
about
an
hour.
3.What
is
the
woman
going
to
do?
A.Do
some
typing.
B.Complete
her
paper.
C.Have
lunch.
答案A
M:Do
you
know
where
I
can
get
some
good
second-hand
books?
W:There’s
a
good
used
bookstore
not
far
from
here.I’d
be
happy
to
show
you
where
it
is
after
work.
M:OK.After
buying
the
books
I
can
drive
you
home.
4.How
will
the
woman
help
the
man?
A.By
buying
him
a
book.
B.By
driving
him
home.
C.By
leading
him
to
the
bookstore.
答案C
W:Pass
me
the
flour,please.
M:Which
tin
is
it
in?
W:The
one
at
the
end
of
the
shelf.It’s
slightly
smaller
than
the
others.
5.Where
does
the
conversation
most
probably
take
place?
A.In
a
shop.
B.In
a
kitchen.
C.In
a
hotel.
答案B
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
M:Hello,Lucy.This
is
Sam.Look,I’m
on
my
way
to
the
airport.Could
you
do
something
for
me?I
forgot
a
file
in
the
office.It’s
on
my
desk.Can
you
see
it?
W:Yes.It’s
here.
M:Good.Could
you
send
it
to
me
by
overnight
delivery
to
the
Hilton
Hotel
in
Sydney?
W:OK,but
I’m
busy
at
the
moment.The
boss
has
just
asked
me
to
prepare
for
a
meeting
this
afternoon.I’ll
get
Carol
to
do
it.
M:That
would
be
great!Thanks!
W:That’s
all
right.Have
a
good
trip.
6.Who
will
send
the
file?
A.Sam.
B.Carol.
C.Lucy.
答案B
7.Where
is
the
woman?
A.At
the
airport.
B.In
the
office.
C.In
the
hotel.
答案B
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
M:In
your
latest
movie,you
played
a
role
of
a
painter.How
do
you
choose
your
roles?
W:I
usually
do
a
movie
because
there
is
one
or
two
scenes
I
really
want
to
do,scenes
that
are
different
and
unpredictable.I
think
it’s
important
to
do
movies
that
make
people
think.
M:If
you
were
not
acting,what
would
you
do?
WI
would
want
to
write
movie
scripts.But
if
I
had
to
have
a
regular
job
to
support
myself,I
couldn’t
imagine
working
anywhere
else
but
on
a
movie
set.
M:What
do
you
mean?
W:I
mean,I
would
like
to
work
in
props,costumes,or
the
other
department,something
like
that.
M:What
about
your
real
life
hobbies?
W:Well,I
read
a
lot
of
books,and
I
write,too.
8.What
kind
of
movies
does
the
woman
like
to
do?
A.Those
based
on
true
stories.
B.Those
that
make
people
think.
C.Those
that
have
many
different
characters.
答案B
9.What
does
the
woman
like
doing
for
fun?
A.Designing
and
painting.
B.Watching
movies.
C.Reading
and
writing.
答案C
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
M:What
are
you
reading?
W:An
article
about
Amazon
Tree
Houses.
M:Wow,people
in
the
Amazon
live
in
trees?
W:That’s
not
what
I
am
talking
about.Amazon
Tree
Houses
is
a
company
that
specializes
in
the
design
and
construction
of
tree
houses.
M:So?Why
do
you
care?
W:Well,I’m
thinking
about
opening
a
tree
house
hotel.I
have
a
feeling
that
tree
houses
will
be
really
popular
in
the
future.
M:I
bet
you’re
going
to
throw
that
idea
away
within
one
week.It
is
impossible.
W:Why?
M:You
don’t
have
enough
money
to
buy
yourself
a
small
apartment,let
alone
tree
houses.
W:I’m
going
to
work
harder.
M:Sweetie,it’s
good
to
have
a
dream,but
not
so
good
to
have
an
unrealistic
one.
10.What
is
Amazon
Tree
Houses?
A.It’s
a
hotel.
B.It’s
a
newspaper.
C.It’s
a
company.
答案C
11.Why
is
the
woman
interested
in
the
article?
A.She
wants
to
travel
in
Amazon.
B.She
wants
to
run
a
tree
house
hotel.
C.She
wants
to
live
in
a
tree
house.
答案B
12.What
does
the
man
think
of
the
woman’s
plan?
A.Not
practical.
B.Quite
interesting.
C.Not
profitable.
答案A
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
M:Hello,this
is
Tom
speaking.Is
that
Mrs.Green?
W:Yes.Hello,Tom.We
haven’t
seen
each
other
since
your
graduation.I
often
think
of
you
and
your
former
classmates.You
were
one
of
my
favorite
students.How
are
you
getting
along
at
college?
M:Very
well.I
love
my
life
here,and
I
am
involved
in
many
activities.We
are
planning
to
set
up
a
new
arts
and
literature
center
here.The
center
is
going
to
have
three
sections:a
theater
and
dance
studio,a
literature
room,and
an
exhibition
gallery.I
need
your
help
because
I
have
no
idea
what
we
should
have
in
the
literature
room.Could
you
please
give
me
some
suggestions?
W:Certainly.You
should
have
works
by
famous
writers
like
Jane
Austen,Shakespeare,and
Mark
Twain,but
you
should
also
have
some
newer
books
like
HarryPotter.Books
of
poetry
are
necessary,too.I
also
suggest
that
you
set
up
a
readers’
club.
M:That’s
a
good
idea.I’ll
make
a
list
of
the
books
and
email
it
to
you.Please
add
some
others
to
the
list
if
you
have
time.
W:Okay,I
will.
M:Thank
you
very
much.
13.Who
might
the
woman
be?
A.A
high
school
teacher.
B.A
librarian.
C.A
college
professor.
答案A
14.About
which
section
does
the
man
need
the
woman’s
suggestion?
A.The
dance
studio.
B.The
exhibition
gallery.
C.The
literature
room.
答案C
15.How
many
famous
writers
did
the
woman
mention?
A.2.
B.3.
C.4.
答案B
16.What
will
the
man
send
the
woman?
A.A
list
of
books.
B.A
list
of
plays.
C.A
list
of
paintings.
答案A
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
The
first
bicycle
appeared
in
France
in
the
1790s.It
was
a
little
wooden
horse
with
a
fixed
front
wheel.Because
the
wheel
was
fixed,it
could
not
be
turned
right
or
left.The
only
way
it
could
be
controlled
was
by
the
rider
pushing
against
the
ground
with
his
or
her
feet.In
1817,a
German
replaced
the
fixed
front
wheel
with
one
that
could
be
turned.Now
the
wooden
horse
could
be
directed
right
or
left.The
rider
still
needed
to
push
it
with
his
or
her
feet
on
the
ground.In
1839,a
Scottish
MacMillan
designed
the
first
bicycle-like
machine
with
foot
board
and
rode
it
for
40
miles
in
only
5
hours.The
bicycle
got
more
comfortable
in
1869
when
rubber
tires
were
introduced.Around
the
same
time,the
front
wheels
began
to
grow
larger
while
the
back
wheels
got
smaller.During
the
1880s,bicycles
enjoyed
a
sudden
growth
in
popularity.However,they
weren’t
very
safe.Sitting
high
up
towards
the
front
of
the
bicycle
and
traveling
very
fast,the
rider
could
be
easily
thrown
over
the
front
wheel
if
the
bicycle
hit
a
small
stone.Fortunately,the
“safety
bicycle”
was
invented
in
1884.The
safety
bicycle
had
equal-sized
wheels
and
tires
with
air
in
them.And
more
improvements
quickly
followed.No
doubt
there
will
be
further
improvements
in
design
and
materials
in
the
future.
17.What’s
the
talk
mainly
about?
A.The
development
of
the
bicycle.
B.The
materials
of
making
the
bicycle.
C.The
process
of
the
bicycle’s
becoming
popular.
答案A
18.What
is
the
disadvantage
of
the
bicycle
before
MacMillan’s
design?
A.The
bicycle
couldn’t
change
directions.
B.The
wheels
of
the
bicycle
weren’t
well
fixed.
C.The
rider’s
feet
couldn’t
leave
the
ground.
答案C
19.When
was
the
size
of
the
bicycle’s
wheels
changed?
A.In
1817.
B.In
1839.
C.In
1869.
答案C
20.What
happened
in
1884?
A.Bicycles
first
had
rubber
tires.
B.The
“safety
bicycle”
appeared.
C.Bicycles
could
run
faster.
答案B
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020山西太原高一期末考试)
Kangaroos
have
long
been
a
nuisance
to
many
Australian
farmers.Keeping
these
kinds
of
animals
away
from
their
crops
and
water
supplies
has
become
a
continuous
fight.A
traditional
way
has
been
a
series
of
the
huge
screaming
(尖叫)
from
loudspeakers.Researchers
have
found
that
kangaroos
often
become
used
to
these
man-made
sounds
and
take
little
notice
of
them.
Australian
farmers
could
be
about
to
get
an
unusual
new
weapon
(武器)
to
protect
their
crops
from
kangaroos.Researchers
in
Melbourne
have
found
that
kangaroos
can
be
frightened
away
by
the
loud
sound
of
their
own
large
feet.It
appears
to
be
quite
a
breakthrough.This
is
the
noise
these
animals
make
when
they
feel
danger
before
running
away
quickly.Using
the
animals’
own
alarm
system
could
be
what
angry
farmers
have
been
looking
for.
Animal
rights
protectors
are
happy
about
this
new
finding.When
people
complain
that
the
number
of
kangaroos
has
risen
quickly,they
see
that
a
large
number
of
kangaroos
have
been
killed
or
injured
on
Australian
roads
by
cars
and
trucks.Also,they
don’t
want
several
million
to
be
shot
dead
every
year
by
human
beings.Researchers,who
are
hoping
to
develop
their
footstep
sound
technology,believe
it
could
also
be
used
to
lead
kangaroos
away
from
busy
highways.The
protectors
are
in
favour
of
this
solution
which
can
prevent
kangaroos
from
being
harmed
and
also
please
the
farmers.
【语篇解读】澳大利亚的研究人员发明了一种预防袋鼠破坏庄稼的方法。
21.What
problem
do
kangaroos
bring
to
Australian
farmers?
A.Breaking
into
houses.
B.Making
noises.
C.Frightening
farmers.
D.Destroying
crops.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Keepingthesekindsofanimalsawayfromtheircropsandwatersupplieshasbecomeacontinuousfight.”及第二段中的“...toprotecttheircropsfromkangaroos”等内容可知,在澳大利亚,袋鼠经常破坏农民的庄稼,故选D项。
22.Whatisthenewwaytodriveawaykangaroos?
A.Cuttingoffwatersupplies.
B.Killingthemwithguns.
C.Usingthesoundoftheirownfootsteps.
D.Sendingman-madesoundthroughloudspeakers.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ResearchersinMelbournehavefoundthatkangarooscanbefrightenedawaybytheloudsoundoftheirownlargefeet...Thisisthenoisetheseanimalsmakewhentheyfeeldangerbeforerunningawayquickly.”可知,研究人员发现袋鼠会被自己大脚的声音吓跑,因此用这种声音驱逐袋鼠很有效。故选C项。
23.Whydoanimalrightsprotectorsagreewiththisnewsolution?
A.Becauseitcostsless.
B.Becausetheyprefernewtechnology.
C.Becauseit’saprevention-and-protectionway.
D.Becauseitcanhelpreducethetrafficaccidents.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据文章最后的“Theprotectorsareinfavourofthissolutionwhichcanpreventkangaroosfrombeingharmedandalsopleasethefarmers.”可知,用袋鼠自己的脚步声驱逐它们既能保护袋鼠不被伤害,又能解决袋鼠破坏庄稼的问题,让农民们高兴,这是一种预防和保护的方法,故选C项。
B
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020江西南昌高一期末考试)
A
small
insect
is
getting
a
lot
of
attention
in
the
United
States.The
rusty
patched
bumblebee(大黄蜂)
is
the
first
of
its
species
to
be
declared
endangered
in
the
lower
48
states—meaning
every
state
except
Alaska
and
Hawaii.The
rusty
patched
bumblebee
is
named
for
a
rust-coloured
line
on
its
back.
The
U.S.Fish
and
Wildlife
Service
announced
this
month
it
was
adding
the
bee
to
its
endangered
species
list.The
insects
are
“on
the
brink
of
extinction”,according
to
the
service.It
said
the
bees
were
once
found
in
28
states.But
there
now
are
only
small
populations
remaining
in
13
states.The
government
agency
will
make
a
plan
to
help
the
dying
bees
recover.The
agency
said
that
such
a
plan
might
help
other
insects,like
butterflies.
U.S.officials
think
land
owners
can
take
small
steps
to
help
the
rusty
patched
bumblebee.They
say
land
owners
can
be
friendlier
towards
bees
by
using
native
plants
in
their
gardens.The
insects
directly
fertilise
many
kinds
of
fruit
and
vegetable
crops.And
they
fertilise
grain
crops
used
to
feed
cattle
and
milk
cows.It
costs
billions
of
dollars
to
duplicate
the
job
the
bees
do
for
free.Land
owners
are
also
being
urged
to
cut
back
on
their
use
of
pesticide
products.The
officials
also
suggest
that
gardeners
leave
their
plants
alone
at
the
end
of
the
summer
instead
of
cutting
them.That
way,the
bees
will
have
a
place
to
live
over
the
winter.
The
Fish
and
Wildlife
Service
says
the
rusty
patched
bumblebee
was
added
to
the
endangered
species
list
partly
because
of
habitat
loss.Other
reasons
were
disease,pesticides
and
climate
change.Officials
are
worried
that
other
bees
will
suffer,too.Another
species
of
bees
in
Hawaii
is
also
endangered.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了在美国濒临灭绝的锈迹大黄蜂的情况以及采取的保护措施,并说明了其灭绝的原因。
24.How
many
states
declared
the
rusty
patched
bumblebee
endangered?
A.13.
B.28.
C.48.
D.50.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“Therustypatchedbumblebee(大黄蜂)isthefirstofitsspeciestobedeclaredendangeredinthelower48states—meaningeverystateexceptAlaskaandHawaii.”可知,有48个州宣布锈迹大黄蜂濒临灭绝。故选C项。
25.Whichoneisharmfultotherustypatchedbumblebee?
A.Plantingnativeplants.
B.Reducingtheuseofpesticideproducts.
C.Leavingplantsalone.
D.Cuttingoutplantsregularly.
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Theofficialsalsosuggestthatgardenersleavetheirplantsaloneattheendofthesummerinsteadofcuttingthem.Thatway,thebeeswillhaveaplacetoliveoverthewinter.”可知,官员们还建议园丁们在夏末的时候不要修剪植物,而是将它们留在园中。这样,蜜蜂就有地方过冬了。由此推知,定期剪植物对锈迹大黄蜂是有害的。故选D项。
26.Whatcanweknowabouttherustypatchedbumblebeeaccordingtothetext?
A.Allthestatesdeclareditasanendangeredspecies.
B.Itisnamedforarust-colouredlineonitsbelly.
C.Itisbeneficialtolandowners.
D.Itisendangeredmainlybecauseofthehabitatloss.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Theinsectsdirectlyfertilisemanykindsoffruitandvegetablecrops.Andtheyfertilisegraincropsusedtofeedcattleandmilkcows.Itcostsbillionsofdollarstoduplicatethejobthebeesdoforfree.”可知,这些昆虫直接给许多水果和蔬菜作物施肥,它们还为喂牛和奶牛的谷物施肥,复制蜜蜂这些免费的工作要花费数十亿美元。由此推知,锈迹大黄蜂对土地的主人是有益的。故选C项。
27.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.ThebumblebeeaddedtotheU.S.endangeredspecieslist.
B.Whyisthehumblebeeonthebrinkofextinction.
C.Takestepstohelpthebumblebee.
D.Thebenefitsofprotectingbumblebee.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“TheFishandWildlifeServicesaystherustypatchedbumblebeewasaddedtotheendangeredspecieslistpartlybecauseofhabitatloss.”可知,鱼类和野生动物管理局说锈迹大黄蜂被列入濒危物种名单,部分原因是栖息地丧失。由此可知,本文主要说明大黄蜂被加入了美国濒危物种名单。故选A项。
C
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020湖南永州高一期末考试)
Located
in
the
Indian
Ocean,the
Maldives(马尔代夫)
are
among
the
most
beautiful
islands
in
the
world,with
white
sandy
beaches,clear
water,and
amazing
coral
reefs(珊瑚礁).The
country
depends
on
tourism,fishing,and
shipping.But
the
rising
sea
level
and
the
carbon
pollution
causing
warming
oceans
are
threatening(威胁)
their
existence.
The
Maldives
have
asked
for
international
help.They
are
a
tiny
country.The
World
Bank,the
United
States,the
European
Union,and
many
other
groups
have
offered
money
to
develop
safeguards
against
climate
change.
To
protect
the
islands,the
Maldives
have
built
sea
walls
and
increased
the
elevation(海拔)
of
important
buildings
and
services
such
as
the
two
international
airports,which
lie
just
165
feet
from
the
coastline.
They’re
also
building
up
islands
such
as
the
Hulhumale.The
new
island
is
surrounded
by
9-foot
sea
walls.More
than
40,000
people
live
there.The
plan
is
to
house
240,000,providing
new
opportunities
for
jobs.The
goal
is
an
excellent
planned
community
with
sustainable
housing
and
buildings
sensitive
to
the
environment
and
needs
of
the
people.
The
government
will
move
people
living
on
smaller,lower-lying
islands
to
the
new
built-up
islands.The
new
islands
offer
free
houses,new
schools,health
hospitals,fresh
water,and
waste
treatment.Depending
on
tourism,the
country
hopes
to
build
50
more
tourist
islands.
“Climate
change
is
happening,but
we
are
not
leaving
the
Maldives
to
the
sea,”
said
Environment
Minister
Thoriq
Ibrahim.The
Maldives
will
protect
their
islands,people
and
tourism
with
new
islands
and
ongoing
island
development
against
the
rising
sea
level.
【语篇解读】本文介绍了马尔代夫遇到海平面上升引起的生存危机以及各方为对抗海平面上升而做出的努力。
28.What
makes
it
difficult
for
the
Maldives
to
exist?
A.Their
tourism,fishing
and
shipping.
B.Their
rising
sea
level
and
carbon
pollution.
C.Their
sandy
white
beaches
and
coral
reefs.
D.Their
distant
islands
and
warming
oceans.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Buttherisingsealevelandthecarbonpollutioncausingwarmingoceansarethreateningtheirexistence.”可知,海平面上升和碳污染威胁着马尔代夫。故选B项。
29.Whatdowefailtolearnaccordingtothepassage?
A.TheMaldivesareasmallcountry.
B.ManygroupshavehelpedtheMaldives.
C.240,000peopleliveontheHulhumalenow.
D.TheHulhumaleissurroundedby9-footseawalls.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“They’realsobuildingupislandssuchastheHulhumale.”以及第三、四句“Morethan40,000peoplelivethere.Theplanistohouse240,000,providingnewopportunitiesforjobs.”可知,这座岛屿正在建造中,现在有4万多人住在这里,计划容纳24万人。C项“240,000peopleliveontheHulhumalenow.”与文中内容不符,表述错误。
30.WhichofthefollowingwillThoriqIbrahimagreewith?
A.TheMaldiveswillbeprotected.
B.TheMaldivianswillleavealltheislands.
C.TheMaldivesshouldgiveuptourism.
D.TheMaldiveswillsinktothesea.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据文章末段第一句“‘Climatechangeishappening,butwearenotleavingtheMaldivestothesea,’saidEnvironmentMinisterThoriqIbrahim.”可推知,当地政府正在采取一些措施保护马尔代夫。故选A项。
31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?
A.TheMaldivesandTheirTourism
B.TheMaldivesandTheirRisingSeaLevel
C.TheMaldivesandTheirClimateChange
D.TheMaldivesandTheirFightAgainsttheRisingSeaLevel
答案D
解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了马尔代夫遇到的海平面上升造成的生存危机,以及各方为对抗海平面上升而做出的努力。D项“TheMaldivesandTheirFightAgainsttheRisingSeaLevel”能够概括文章主旨,适合作本文标题。
D
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
When
your
guests
step
into
your
home,should
you,or
shouldn’t
you,ask
them
to
remove
their
shoes?Are
shoe
bacteria
something
we
should
really
be
worried
about
in
our
homes?
The
average
shoe
harbors(窝藏)
hundreds
of
thousands
of
bacteria
per
square
inch.The
bottoms
of
our
shoes
are
essentially
a
meet
and
greet
for
these
bacteria,and
with
each
step
we
take,we
pick
up
new
ones.Wherever
you
go,you’re
going
to
be
picking
up
them.But
exactly
what
types
of
bacterial
communities
are
hanging
out
on
our
shoes,and
do
they
present
a
health
threat?Almost
all
shoes
were
coated
with
all
kinds
of
bacteria.While
many
types
are
harmless
to
humans,some
can
cause
severe
diseases,such
as
skin
infections,and
infections
of
the
blood
and
the
heart.
But
despite
the
horrifying
picture,there
isn’t
anything
too
serious
to
worry
about.While
many
of
us
might
want
to
take
a
house-cleaning
step
at
the
thought
of
shoes,the
reality
is
that
the
load
of
bacteria
our
shoes
bring
indoors
isn’t
typically
high
enough
to
make
the
average
healthy
person
very
sick.For
a
healthy
individual,bacteria
on
shoes
likely
have
no
risk.
Another
point
is
that
most
of
us
don’t
spend
a
lot
of
time
on
the
ground,where
shoe
bacteria
stay.The
exposure
makes
the
poison.So
if
you’re
not
exposed
to
it,you’re
not
going
to
get
sick
from
it.In
some
cases,layers
of
bacteria
coating
the
floor
can
enter
the
air
we
breathe,lifted
by
the
wind
from
a
window.That
might
increase
infection
risk.But
the
greatest
threat
really
lies
on
the
ground.We
should
be
more
worried
about
a
child
crawling
around
on
the
floor.For
a
healthy
adult,it’s
not
too
big
of
an
issue.
For
the
average
household,shoe
bacteria
don’t
have
an
immediate
risk.Healthy
bacteria
keep
us
healthy
and
protect
us
from
other
bacteria
that
can
cause
us
illness.For
most
healthy
persons,however,you
can
make
the
decision
of
taking
your
outdoor
shoes
off
as
much
based
on
preference
and
habit.
【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了为了避免细菌感染,我们是否需要在客人或者自己进入房子时把鞋子脱掉。文章谈到只要家里没有小孩子,是否脱鞋取决于个人的习惯和爱好。
32.What
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.Why
Do
People
Get
Sick
When
the
Shoes
Change?
B.Why
Do
Some
Places
Do
Harbour
More
Bacteria?
C.Should
You
Take
Off
Your
Shoes
Indoors?
D.Could
Humans
Live
Without
Bacteria?
答案C
解析主旨大意题。本文首尾呼应,开篇提问因为细菌,我们是否要求客人进屋时脱鞋;文章最后谈到了解决的办法:对大部分健康人来说,是否脱鞋取决于个人习惯和爱好。故选C项。
33.Whatcanweinferaboutbacteriafromthesecondparagraph?
A.Allkindsofbacteriacancauseusillness.
B.Bacteriaexistelsewherethanonourshoes.
C.Thecoversofourshoeshavemorebacteria.
D.Heartdiseasesarecausedbybacteriafromshoes.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句可知,每走一步,都会沾上细菌;不管你去哪里,都会沾上细菌。可见,细菌不仅存在于我们的鞋上,它们到处都是。故选B项。
34.What
does
the
underlined
word
“high”
in
Para.3
mean?
A.From
above
to
bottom.
B.Far
above
the
ground.
C.Standing
tall.
D.Containing
a
lot.
答案D
解析词义猜测题。根据第二、三段可知,尽管有些细菌有毒,但是由鞋子带到室内的细菌一般来说都对健康没有影响。故选D项。
35.Whenareyouadvisedtotakeyouroutdoorshoesoff?
A.Thereareoldpersonsathome.
B.Therearesmallchildrenathome.
C.Youspendlotsoftimeathome.
D.Youwanttoclosethewindowsofyourhouse.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第四段,尤其是最后两句可知,鞋子带进来的细菌大多在地面上,小孩子在地上爬,所以容易感染。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020四川资阳高一期末考试)
HowtoBeEco-friendly
If
you’d
love
to
be
more
eco-friendly
but
don’t
know
where
to
begin,start
with
a
few
small
changes. 36 ?
LoweringYourEnergy
Turn
off
lights
and
unplug
power
strips
(电源插板)
that
you’re
not
using. 37
Since
some
devices
can
still
use
energy
even
when
they’re
turned
off,turn
off
these
power
strips
at
night
to
completely
cut
off
energy
use.If
you
need
to
leave
your
computer,or
TV
on,try
setting
it
to
sleep
mode
instead
of
simply
leaving
it
on.?
UsingPublicTransportation
38
Keeping
cars
off
the
road
in
rush
hours
can
also
improve
the
air
quality.If
you
do
need
to
drive
somewhere,ask
friends
if
they’d
like
to
carpool
(拼车),so
fewer
cars
are
on
the
road.?
39 ?
Say
no
to
unnecessary
plastic
straws,lids,and
bags
and
stop
using
plastic
wrap
and
plastic
containers
for
food
storage.Instead,you
can
use
reusable
water
bottles
made
of
sustainable
materials
like
glass,bamboo,and
ceramic.
ConsideringGrowingaPlant
They
add
more
oxygen
to
the
air,which
means
the
less
polluted
air.If
you
don’t
have
a
green
thumb,choose
some
plants
that
are
rather
easy
to
look
after. 40
If
possible,grow
more
than
one
plant.?
A.Reduce
your
gas
consumption
and
carbon
emissions
by
walking,biking,or
taking
the
bus.
B.Here
are
some
suggestions
for
you
to
live
an
eco-friendly
life.
C.Use
less
energy
during
the
hot
summer
months
and
cold
winter
season.
D.This
is
an
easy
way
to
reduce
energy
use.
E.Using
items
more
than
once.
F.Cutting
Back
on
Plastics
and
Waste
G.“Lucky
Bamboo”
is
especially
good
for
that,since
it
demands
nearly
no
attention.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一些保护环境的方法,如降低能源、使用公共交通、减少塑料和废物、种植物等。
36.B 分析文章可知,文章采用了总分结构,第一段为总起段,因此最后一句需起到总起作用,引出下文介绍的一些保护环境的方法,B项符合语境。
37.D 第二段第一句提到“Turnofflightsandunplugpowerstrips(电源插板)thatyou’renotusing.”,这是一件非常简单的,随手就可以做的事,故D项符合语境。
38.A 第三段的主旨大意是使用公共交通,A项中提到,步行、骑自行车或乘坐公交车可以减少尾气和碳排放,符合第三段的语境。
39.F 空格处是段落小标题。第四段提到要拒绝使用不必要的塑料吸管、盖子、塑料袋,不要使用塑料袋来储存食物。F项提到减少塑料和废物,符合第四段的语境。
40.G 最后一段提到可以养一些比较容易照顾的植物。G项中提到“LuckyBamboo”就是一个特别好的选择,因为它几乎不需要怎么照顾就可以生长。由此可判断G项是对前文的进一步解释,符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
主题语境:人与自我 语篇类型:记叙文
A
flight
attendant
asked,“Does
anyone
on
board
know
American
Sign
Language?”
Clara
Daly,15
at
the
time
41
the
call
button.The
flight
attendant
came
by
and
42
the
situation.“We
have
a
passenger
on
the
plane
who’s
43
and
deaf,”
she
said.“The
passenger
seemed
to
want
something,but
he
couldn’t
44
his
message.”?
Clara
45
to
have
been
studying
ASL
for
the
past
year
and
knew
she’d
be
able
to
finger
spell
into
the
man’s
palm.So
she
46
her
seat
belt
and
walked
toward
the
seat
of
Tim
Cook,then
64.?
47
taking
his
hand,she
48 ,“Are
you
OK?”
Cook
asked
for
some
water.?
When
it
arrived,Clara
returned
to
her
seat.She
came
by
again
a
bit
later
because
he
wanted
to
know
the
time.On
her
third
49 ,she
stopped
and
stayed
a
while.?
“He
didn’t
need
anything.He
was
lonely
and
wanted
to
50 ,”
Clara
said.?
So
for
the
next
hour,that’s
what
they
did.She
talked
about
her
plans
for
the
future.Cook
told
Clara
how
he
had
gradually
become
blind
over
time
and
51
stories
of
his
days
as
a
traveling
salesman.Even
though
he
couldn’t
see
her,she
“looked
52
at
his
face
with
such
kindness,”a
passenger
reported.“We
can
see
she
smiled
with
happiness,because
she
made
a
difference
in
someone’s
life.”?
“Clara
was
amazing,”
a
flight
attendant
told
Alaska
Airlines
in
a
blog
interview.“You
could
tell
Tim
was
very
53
to
have
someone
he
could
speak
to,and
she
was
such
a
(n)
54 .”?
Cook’s
55 ,“Best
trip
I’ve
ever
had.”?
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了一个15岁的小女孩帮助航班乘务员与一位聋哑人用手语交流的故事。故事告诉人们生活是一个不断学习的过程。学习是唯一永不失败的事情。
41.A.rewound
B.lifted
C.tied
D.pressed
答案D
解析rewind“倒带”;lift“举起”;tie“绑住”;press“按;压”。根据下文“thecallbutton”可知,此处指按下呼叫按钮,故选D项。
42.A.analyzed
B.faced
C.explained
D.observed
答案C
解析analyze“分析”;face“面对”;explain“解释”;observe“观察”。根据下文可知,此处乘务员是在解释情况,故选C项。
43.A.ill
B.blind
C.homesick
D.thirsty
答案B
解析ill“生病的”;blind“看不见的”;homesick“想家的”;thirsty“渴的”。根据上文询问会不会手语可知,乘客应该是聋哑人,故选B项。
44.A.getacross
B.getthrough
C.getinto
D.getoff
答案A
解析getacross“表达”;getthrough“度过”;getinto“进入;陷入”;getoff“动身”。乘客似乎想要什么东西,但他无法把他的意思表达出来,故选A项。
45.A.intended
B.pretended
C.happened
D.attempted
答案C
解析intend“意在”;pretend“假装”;happen“发生”;attempt“企图”。happento“碰巧”,故选C项。
46.A.unwrapped
B.unfastened
C.unfolded
D.unpacked
答案B
解析unwrap“打开”;unfasten“解开”;unfold“展开”;unpack“未包装”。根据下文“herseatbeltandwalkedtoward”可知,此处指她解开了安全带,故选B项。
47.A.Cautiously
B.Secretly
C.Gently
D.Seriously
答案C
解析cautiously“慎重地”;secretly“秘密地”;gently“温柔地”;seriously“严肃地”。对待残疾人应该是轻柔地,故选C项。
48.A.whispered
B.signed
C.asked
D.repeated
答案B
解析whisper“低声说”;sign“写下”;ask“询问”;repeat“重复”。根据上文“she’dbeabletofingerspellintotheman’spalm”可知,此处指在男人的手里写下,故选B项。
49.A.turn
B.ride
C.journey
D.visit
答案D
解析turn“转弯”;ride“乘便车”;journey“行程”;visit“来访”。根据上文可知,克拉拉一共往返了三次,故选D项。
50.A.talk
B.relax
C.sleep
D.cheer
答案A
解析talk“谈话”;relax“放松”;sleep“睡觉”;cheer“欢呼”。根据下文“Soforthenexthour,that’swhattheydid.Shetalkedaboutherplansforthefuture.”可知,男人想要交谈,故选A项。
51.A.invented
B.conveyed
C.created
D.shared
答案D
解析invent“发明”;convey“传达”;creat“创造”;share“分享”。根据下文“storiesofhisdaysasatravelingsalesman”可知,此处指这位乘客在分享经历,故选D项。
52.A.attentively
B.surprisingly
C.crazily
D.anxiously
答案A
解析attentively“聚精会神地”;surprisingly“惊人地”;crazily“疯狂地”;anxiously“焦急地”。尽管他看不见她,但她“如此专注地注视着他的脸”,故选A项。
53.A.terrified
B.ashamed
C.excited
D.touched
答案C
解析terrified“恐惧的”;ashamed“羞愧的”;excited“激动的”;touched“感动的”。蒂姆非常激动有人能和他交谈,故选C项。
54.A.angel
B.honor
C.sponsor
D.interpreter
答案A
解析angel“天使”;honor“荣誉”;sponsor“赞助者”;interpreter“口译者”。根据上文可知,蒂姆非常激动有人能和他交谈,因此乘务员认为克拉拉是个天使,故选A项。
55.A.recreation
B.relief
C.reference
D.reaction
答案D
解析recreation“娱乐”;relief“减轻”;reference“参考”;reaction“反应”。库克的反应是:“这是我经历过的最棒的一次旅行。”故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
主题语境:人与动物 语篇类型:说明文
The
giant
panda
56
(love)
by
people
throughout
the
world.Chinese
scientists
57
(recent)
had
a
chance
to
study
a
wild
female
panda
with
a
newborn
baby.She
was
a
very
58
(care)
mother.For
25
days,she
never
left
her
baby,not
even
to
find
something
59
(eat).She
would
not
let
any
other
pandas
come
near.She
licked
the
baby
constantly
to
keep
it
clean.Any
smell
might
attract
natural
60 (enemy)
that
would
try
to
eat
the
little
panda.The
mother
held
the
baby
in
her
front
paws
much
the
way
a
human
does. 61 it
cried,she
rocked
it
back
and
forth
and
gave
it
little
comforting
pats.The
mother
continued
to
care
for
the
young
panda
62
more
than
two
years.By
that
time,the
young
panda
no
longer
needed
63
(it)
mother
for
food.However,it
stayed
with
her
and
learned
about
the
ways
of
the
forest.Then,after
two
and
a
half
years,the
mother
64 (drive)
the
young
panda
away.It
was
time
for
her
to
have
a
new
baby, 65
it
was
also
time
for
the
young
panda
to
be
independent.?
答案与解析
【语篇解读】全文介绍了熊猫妈妈悉心照顾熊猫宝宝直至其独立生活的情况。
56.is
loved 考查动词时态和语态。句意:大熊猫为全世界人们所喜爱。故此处使用一般现在时的被动语态,填isloved。
57.recently 考查副词。应用副词修饰句子,表示时间“最近”,故填recently。
58.caring/careful 考查形容词。应用形容词修饰名词mother,且根据下文可知熊猫妈妈非常细心,因此填caring或careful。
59.toeat 考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作something的后置定语,意为“可以吃的东西”,故填toeat。
60.enemies 考查名词。此处表示任何气味都可能吸引自然界的敌人,自然界的敌人不止一个,应该用复数形式enemies。
61.When/If 考查连词。句子意思“当/如果它哭的时候,她就会前后摇动”,故填When/If。
62.for 考查介词。此处用for和时间morethantwoyears连用,表示一段时间。
63.its 考查代词。此处表示“它的”母亲,故使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词mother,故填its。
64.drove 考查动词时态。此处叙述过去的事情,应用过去式drove。
65.and 考查连词。前后句是并列关系,故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2020安徽淮北第一中学期末考试)
假定你是红星中学高一学生李华,为配合学校开展垃圾分类工作,学生会向全校学生发出了“垃圾分类从我做起”的倡议,请你代表学生会,用英语写一封倡议信。
内容包括:
1.严峻形势;
2.垃圾分类的意义;
3.垃圾分类的做法;
4.呼吁全体同学参加。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
提示词:垃圾分类garbage
sorting
Dear
fellow
students,
?
?
?
Yours,
Li
Hua
参考范文
Dear
fellow
students,?
Our
school
has
started
a
programme
of
garbage
sorting.It
is
my
great
honour
to
represent
the
Students’
Union
to
make
our
voice
heard
on
it.
As
we
all
know,we
produce
lots
of
garbage,such
as
leftover
food,waste
paper
and
plastic
bottles
every
day,which
becomes
a
big
headache
in
our
life.Therefore,garbage
sorting
is
a
good
way
of
dealing
with
it.It
is
beneficial
to
us
in
the
following
ways.To
begin
with,we
can
recycle
what
can
be
reused
to
save
more
resources.Besides,harmful
materials
in
the
sorted
garbage
can
be
properly
treated
to
avoid
environment
pollution.As
students,we
are
supposed
to
tell
different
types
of
garbage
and
put
them
in
different
dustbins
to
make
recycling
easier.
Now
I
am
here
to
call
on
everyone
to
take
action
together
to
make
the
environment
clean
and
beautiful.
Yours,
Li
Hua?
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Robert
and
Henry
were
two
friends
in
the
same
class.They
always
played
together
and
went
home
together.One
day,Robert
and
Henry
were
going
home
from
school.When
they
were
turning
a
corner,Robert
cried
out,“A
fight!Let’s
go
and
see...”
“No,”
said
Henry.“Let
us
go
quietly
home
and
not
meddle
with
(插手)
this
quarrel.We
have
nothing
to
do
with
it
and
may
get
into
trouble.Also
our
parents
are
expecting
to
have
dinner
with
us
together
at
home
and
I
don’t
want
them
to
worry
about
me.”
“You
are
a
coward(懦夫),and
afraid
to
go,”
said
Robert,and
off
he
ran.Henry
went
straight
home,and
in
the
afternoon
went
to
school
as
usual.
But
Robert
had
told
all
the
boys
that
Henry
was
a
coward,and
they
laughed
at
him
a
great
deal.From
then
on,they
looked
down
upon
Henry
and
didn’t
want
to
play
with
him
together.
Henry
was
sad
but
he
wasn’t
angry
with
Robert
for
his
rude
behaviour,because
he
knew
that
they
misunderstood
him,and
that
he
ought
to
be
afraid
of
nothing
but
doing
wrong.Thus,he
just
ignored(忽略)
the
other
boys’
laughter
and
continued
to
go
to
school
and
study
as
well.However,Robert
didn’t
invite
Henry
to
go
home
with
him
anymore.Instead,he
had
some
other
boys
who
also
thought
Henry
was
a
coward.Every
day
after
school,they
didn’t
go
home
directly
but
went
to
the
river
or
somewhere
to
play
games
and
had
a
lot
of
fun.
A
few
days
later,Robert
was
bathing
with
his
new
friends
in
a
river,and
got
out
of
his
depth.He
struggled
and
cried
for
help,but
he
failed.The
boys
who
had
called
Henry
a
coward
got
out
of
the
water
as
fast
as
they
could,but
they
did
nothing
to
help
him.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
ItseemedasifRobertwouldbedying.?
?
?
?
Thus,Robert’slifewassaved.?
?
?
?
参考范文
ItseemedasifRobertwouldbedying.Just
at
the
moment,Henry
happened
to
be
passing
by.Hearing
the
screams,Henry
ran
to
the
riverside,threw
off
his
clothes
and
jumped
into
the
water
without
hesitation.He
reached
Robert
just
as
he
was
sinking
the
last
time.By
great
effort,and
with
much
danger
to
himself,he
brought
Robert
to
the
shore.
Thus,Robert’slifewassaved.Robert
and
his
new
friends
were
ashamed
at
having
called
Henry
a
coward.They
realised
that
Henry
had
true
courage.They
said
sorry
to
Henry
for
their
rude
behaviour
and
asked
for
his
forgiveness.Henry
forgave
them
happily.He
and
Robert
were
friends
again
and
they
went
home
together
as
usual.From
this,Robert
learned
what
true
courage
was:never
be
afraid
to
do
good,but
always
fear
to
do
evil.UNIT3CONSERVATION
SectionB LESSON2&LESSON3
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.I
bought
the
flowers
from
a
store
and
w
them
neatly.?
答案wrapped
2.The
s of
a
nut
or
egg
is
the
hard
covering
which
surrounds
it.?
答案shell
3.If
you
(咽下)something,you
cause
it
to
go
from
your
mouth
down
into
your
stomach.?
答案swallow
4.Something
that
is
(新颖的)
is
new
and
original.?
答案innovative
5.There
are
as
many
as
20
jobs
available
in
this
company,and
you
are
free
to
choose
whichever
you
think
s
you
best.?
答案suits
6.
(常规的)colour
TV
broadcasts
were
delayed
in
the
UK
until
1967.?
答案Regular
7.The
last (十年)
of
the
eighteenth
century
was
a
time
of
great
social
change.?
答案decade
8.At
the
sight
of
this
cruelty,they
could
hardly
contain
their
(愤怒).?
答案anger
9.Parents
are
naturally
a
for
their
children.?
答案anxious
10.R
are
causing
traffic
jam
in
the
city
centre.?
答案Roadworks
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.There
is
no
doubt
that
the
(consume)
are
still
very
sensitive
to
the
price.?
答案consumers
2.His
weakness
is
that
he
is
very
(waste).?
答案wasteful
3.People
try
to
avoid
public
(transport)delays
by
using
their
own
cars.?
答案transportation
4.The
windows
are
very
(dirt).They
have
not
been
cleaned
for
weeks.?
答案dirty
5.If
you
(fill)something,you
fill
it
again
after
it
has
been
emptied.?
答案refill
6.Wang
Wei’s
behaviour
is
of
great
importance
in
awakening
people’s
(aware)of
helping
others.?
答案awareness
7.My
friend
Lily
showed
me
a
large
(collect)
of
CDs
that
evening.?
答案collection
8.
(anxious),she
took
the
dress
out
of
the
package
and
tried
it
on.?
答案Anxiously
9.The
earthquake (destroy)even
the
tallest
buildings.?
答案destroyed
10.I
was
getting
more
and
more
(annoy)and
of
course,the
more
upset
I
got,the
less
I
was
able
to
concentrate.?
答案annoyed
Ⅲ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1.Do
we
want
to
get
somewhere
or
do
we
want
to
get
stuck
the
rut
(车辙)??
答案in
2.Why
get
stressed ?It
will
just
make
things
worse.?
答案out
3.These
two
events
were
related each
other.?
答案to
4.The
boy
became
addicted
computer
games
and
didn’t
want
to
study.?
答案to
5.Instead shouting
empty
slogans
(口号),it
is
more
meaningful
to
donate
books
and
sports
goods
to
children
in
need.?
答案of
6.It
is
impolite
to
speak
with
your
mouth
full food.?
答案of
7.I
have
arranged
for
Tom
to
pick the
experts
at
the
airport.?
答案up
8.No
matter
when
the
enemies
come,they
will
be
wiped
clean.?
答案out
9.The
reason
the
failure
of
the
experiment
was
that
they
lacked
necessary
experience.?
答案for
10.It
is
high
time
that
we
did
something
to
protect
those
endangered
animals
before
they
die
.?
答案out
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.同其他十五万人在雨中跳舞怎么样?
in
a
rainy
field
with
one
hundred
and
fifty
thousand
other
people??
答案What/How
about
dancing
2.一般来说,照相机价格越贵,质量就越好。
,the
more
expensive
the
camera,the
better
its
quality.?
答案Generally
speaking
3.他们安然无恙地回家了。
They
returned
home, .?
答案safe
and
sound
4.如果没有新的政府政策,预计到2050年死亡人数将翻一番。
deaths
is
expected
to
double
by
2050
without
new
government
policies.?
答案The
number
of
5.在过去五十年里科学进步得很快。
Science great
advances
in
the
last
fifty
years.?
答案has
made
素养提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020宁夏银川期末考试)
Many
of
Earth’s
creatures
die
because
of
humans’
choices.These
choices
have
nothing
to
do
with
food
or
shelter
or
anything
else
that
helps
humans
survive.What
kills
millions
of
animals
all
over
the
world
is
that
humans
want
to
make
money
by
doing
so.
People
use
parts
of
animals
for
everything
from
hats
to
handbags,from
jewelry
to
ashtrays
and
to
make
powders
that
supposedly
improve
a
person’s
life.Deciding
that
a
species
is
endangered
and
protecting
it
by
law
are
not
always
enough.People
who
kill
wildlife
illegally
rarely
get
caught.
During
the
late
1980s,saving
elephants
became
a
popular
cause.Wildlife
protection
groups
made
sure
everyone
saw
pictures
or
films
of
elephants
with
their
faces
cut
off
for
their
ivory.These
groups
also
proved
that
certain
populations
of
elephants
were
decreasing.As
a
result,most
people
stopped
buying
objects
made
of
ivory.Laws
against
poaching(偷猎)
were
made
stronger.Many
countries
made
importing
ivory
illegal.Killing
elephants
for
their
ivory
became
more
risky
and
less
profitable(有利可图的).
However,concern
for
certain
species
will
become
weak
after
a
while.In
the
late
1970s,people
protested
(抗议)
against
the
killing
of
seal
babies.Everyone
was
shocked
to
see
young
seals
being
killed
in
their
icy
habitat.The
cruel
activity
stopped.But
ten
years
later,the
number
of
seal
babies
killed
was
higher
than
ever.
Other
animal
protection
movements
have
come
and
gone,such
as
saving
the
whales
and
protecting
dolphins.The
whale
population
appears
to
have
increased
for
now.And
the
laws
are
finally
changed
in
America
to
protect
the
dolphins
that
swim
with
tuna
fish
in
parts
of
the
Pacific
Ocean.
In
the
years
to
come,people’s
attention
will
probably
turn
to
some
other
endangered
species.Plenty
of
them
urgently
need
attention.During
this
time,will
the
elephants
be
forgotten??
【语篇解读】作者呼吁对动物保护的关注和行动应该持续下去。
1.What
leads
to
the
disappearance
of
millions
of
wild
animals?
A.The
growing
human
population.
B.Humans’
hope
for
making
a
fortune.
C.Humans’
too
much
need
for
wild
food.
D.Not
having
enough
laws
on
wildlife
protection.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Whatkillsmillionsofanimalsallovertheworldisthathumanswanttomakemoneybydoingso.”可知,人类的贪欲导致数百万野生动物的消失,故选B项。
2.Whatcanyouinferfromthetextaboutwhathappenedinthelate1980s?
A.Wildlifeprotectiongroupsdidmakegreatefforts.
B.Importingivoryinallcountriesisillegal.
C.Thosewhokilledelephantsallgotcaught.
D.Huntingwascompletelynotallowed.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第三段可知,在20世纪80年代末,野生动物保护组织确实做出了巨大努力。故选A项。
3.WhyaresealbabiesmentionedinParagraph4?
A.Toshowtheefforttoprotectsealbabies.
B.Toshowanincreasingnumberofsealbabies.
C.Toshowthedecreaseofworryaboutcertainspecies.
D.Toshowpeople’sprotestagainstthekillingofsealbabies.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“However,concernforcertainspecieswillbecomeweakafterawhile.”可知,第四段提到了海豹宝宝,目的是表明对某些物种的担忧会很快减少。故选C项。
4.Whatdoestheauthormeanbyusingtheunderlinedsentence?
A.Humansshouldchoosesomerareanimalstoprotect.
B.Attentionmustbepaidtosavingsomeendangeredwildlife.
C.Successhasbeenachievedinquiteafewcasesofwildlifeprotection.
D.Concernandmovementsforanimalprotectionshouldbealwayskept.
答案D
解析句意理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Otheranimalprotectionmovementshavecomeandgone...”和最后一段第一句“Intheyearstocome,people’sattentionwillprobablyturntosomeotherendangeredspecies.”可以推断,作者说这句话的意思是,对动物保护的关注和行动应该持续下去。故选D项。
B
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
Nature
has
created
many
ways
to
protect
creatures’
eyes.The
most
common
protection
is
the
eyelid—a
fold
of
skin
that
closes
over
the
eye,protecting
it
from
damage.Eyelashes
are
useful
for
keeping
out
dust
and
other
things,and
tears
wash
away
any
small
pieces
that
get
through
the
other
defenses.
Some
creatures,including
most
birds,have
three
eyelids.The
upper
and
lower
lids
act
like
human
lids
and
keep
out
little
tree
branches,dirt,and
sand.The
third
eyelid,however,is
a
semitransparent
tissue(半透明组织)
that
crosses
over
the
eye
from
the
inside
corner
to
the
outside
corner.Because
of
this
protective
membrane(隔膜),birds
seldom
have
to
blink.They
close
their
eyes
only
when
they
go
to
sleep.For
ducks,this
third
eyelid
serves
as
an
underwater
diving
mask
that
helps
the
ducks
find
food.
Most
fish
and
snakes
have
no
eyelids
at
all.Instead,a
hard
glassy
covering
protects
their
eyes.For
fish,water
constantly
sweeps
away
dirt
from
the
covering.And
a
snake’s
eyesight
is
usually
so
bad
that
a
little
dirt
obscuring
its
vision
does
not
disturb
it
greatly.
Eyelashes
defend(保护)
the
eye
by
shading
it
from
strong
light.They
also
act
like
mini
brushes
to
remove
dust.Camels
have
eyelashes
that
are
four
inches
long
to
protect
their
eyes
from
wind-blown
sand
in
the
desert.
【语篇解读】大自然创造了许多方法来保护动物的眼睛。
5.Why
don’t
birds
blink
often?
A.They
don’t
need
to
sleep
a
lot.
B.Their
upper
and
lower
lids
can
keep
away
little
branches,dirt
and
sand.
C.Eyelashes
act
like
mini
brushes
to
remove
dust.
D.They
have
a
kind
of
tissue
to
cover
the
eyes.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thethirdeyelid,however,isasemitransparenttissue(半透明组织)thatcrossesovertheeyefromtheinsidecornertotheoutsidecorner.Becauseofthisprotectivemembrane(隔膜),birdsseldomhavetoblink.”可知,鸟类不常眨眼是因为它们有一种覆盖眼睛的组织。故选D项。
6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?
A.Ducksdon’tclosetheireyesevenwhentheygotosleep.
B.Alittledirtdoesn’tdisturbasnake’seyesightbadlybecauseitseyesightisverygood.
C.Eyelasheshelptokeepawaysmallpiecesthatgetthroughtheothertwodefenses.
D.Somecreatureshaveahardcoveringtoprotecttheireyesinsteadofeyelids.
答案D
解析细节理解题。由第三段第一、二句可知,大多数鱼和蛇没有眼睑,取而代之的是一层坚硬的玻璃状的覆盖物保护它们的眼睛,这与D项相符合。
7.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?
A.Eyelidsaremoreimportantinprotectingcreatures’eyesthanotherdevices.
B.Creaturesdevelopdifferentmodesofeyeprotectionindifferentenvironments.
C.Birdsoftenclosetheireyesinthedaytime.
D.Afish’seyelidisahardglassycovering.
答案B
解析推理判断题。由文中的“Somecreatures,includingmostbirds,havethreeeyelids.”,“Mostfishandsnakeshavenoeyelidsatall.Instead,ahardglassycoveringprotectstheireyes.”及“Camelshaveeyelashesthatarefourincheslongtoprotecttheireyesfromwind-blownsandinthedesert.”可知,有些生物,包括大多数鸟类,有三个眼睑。大多数鱼和蛇根本没有眼睑,取而代之的是一层坚硬的玻璃状的覆盖物保护它们的眼睛。骆驼的睫毛有四英寸长,可以保护眼睛免受沙漠中风沙的侵袭。由此推断出生物在不同的环境中进化出不同的护眼模式。
Ⅵ.完形填空
I
was
about
5
when
I
first
heard
the
word
“Greenland”.And
my
interest
1
from
there.I
can’t
say
exactly
why,but
it
was
undoubtedly
a
2
of
many
images
that
the
word
conjured
up:remoteness,ice,polar
bears,and
Vikings. 3 ,after
decades,I
decided
to
go.?
From
the
plane
I
could
see
the
east
coast
of
Greenland
was
nothing
but
an
expanse
of
ice
and
snow,with
no
4
of
human
habitation.But
when
the
plane
5
toward
the
southern
part,everything
changed.Much
of
the
ice
disappeared, 6
by
broad
fields
of
green.?
I
headed
for
a
hostel,where
I
had
7
a
bed.A
young
couple
was
out
front,enjoying
the
sun
and
unusual
warmth.This
was
my
first
native
8 .Their
eyes
widened
when
I
9
myself.Another
hiker
had
arrived
earlier
and, 10
him
for
me,they
had
given
him
my
bed.There
was
no
more
space
in
the
hostel.“But
don’t
worry,”
the
young
woman
said,clearly
concerned
for
my
11 .Afterwards,she
12
herself
into
cleaning
a
tiny
house
the
family
owned.“This
is
for
you,”
she
said.And
as
if
that
weren’t
enough,she
invited
me
to
eat
supper
with
her
family.We
talked
happily.The
themes
13
from
the
unusual
weather
in
Greenland,to
the
concern
they
felt
for
the
changes
as
the
massive
ice
sheet
14
and
outside
interests
15
envious
eyes
upon
the
newly
revealed
mineral
wealth.?
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要叙述了作者在格陵兰岛旅行的经历及感受。
1.A.decreased
B.faded
C.grew
D.appeared
答案C
解析decrease“减少,降低”;fade“变淡,变暗”;grow“成长,逐渐开始”;appear“出现”。根据上文的“Iwasabout5whenIfirstheardtheword‘Greenland’.”可知,作者大约5岁时第一次听说格陵兰就开始对它产生兴趣了,故选C项。
2.A.response
B.combination
C.discovery
D.display
答案B
解析response“回应”;combination“结合”;discovery“发现”;display“展示”。根据下文的“remoteness,ice,polarbears,andVikings”可知,作者对格陵兰的认知是由这些图像组成的。故选B项。
3.A.Actually
B.Gradually
C.Suddenly
D.Finally
答案D
解析actually“实际上”;gradually“逐渐地”;suddenly“突然地”;finally“最后”。根据上文可知,作者对格陵兰向往已久,故此处应该是,过了几十年,作者最终决定去格陵兰旅行。故选D项。
4.A.sign
B.signal
C.mark
D.symbol
答案A
解析sign“迹象”;signal“信号”;mark“记号”;symbol“象征”。根据上文的“FromtheplaneIcouldseetheeastcoastofGreenlandwasnothingbutanexpanseoficeandsnow,”可知,作者从飞机上看到的格陵兰是一望无际的冰雪,没有人类生活的迹象,故选A项。
5.A.rose
B.angled
C.slid
D.departed
答案B
解析rise“增加,提高”;angle“斜移,斜置”;slide“滑动”;depart“离开”。根据下文的“towardthesouthernpart”可知,飞机应是从东边向南边转弯了,故选B项。
6.A.replaced
B.distributed
C.wrapped
D.removed
答案A
解析replace“取代”;distribute“分发,分配”;wrap“包裹”;remove“移除,移开”。根据上文的“Muchoftheicedisappeared”可知,冰和雪消失了,被大片的绿色所取代,故选A项。
7.A.arranged
B.made
C.reserved
D.purchased
答案C
解析arrange“安排”;make“做”;reserve“预订”;purchase“购买”。根据下文的“theyhadgivenhimmybed”可知,作者提前预订了一张床,故选C项。
8.A.exchange
B.contact
C.stay
D.custom
答案B
解析exchange“交流,交换”;contact“联系,接触”;stay“停留,保持”;custom“习俗,风俗”。根据上文可知,这是作者第一次和格陵兰当地人接触,故选B项。
9.A.identified
B.confirmed
C.acknowledged
D.conveyed
答案A
解析identify“说明身份”;confirm“确认”;acknowledge“承认,致谢”;convey“传达”。根据下文旅馆老板把其他旅客错认成作者可知,当作者表明身份时,他们很惊讶,故选A项。
10.A.seeing
B.assuming
C.mistaking
D.believing
答案C
解析see“看见”;assume“假定,假设”;mistake“误以为”;believe“相信”。根据下文的“theyhadgivenhimmybed”可知,旅馆老板把其他旅客错认成了作者,故选C项。
11.A.money
B.comfort
C.complaints
D.welfare
答案D
解析money“钱”;comfort“安慰”;complaint“抱怨”;welfare“幸福,福利”。根据上文的“Butdon’tworry”可知,虽然旅馆没有地方住了,但是老板劝作者不用担心,故应该是考虑到作者的利益,故选D项。
12.A.threw
B.pushed
C.helped
D.urged
答案A
解析throw“扔掉”;push“推”;help“帮助”;urge“催促”。根据下文可知,老板是专门为作者打扫出一间房,故选A项。
13.A.ranged
B.differed
C.distinguished
D.transformed
答案A
解析range“变化,变动”;differ“与……不同”;distinguish“区别”;transform“转变”。从下文他们谈论的主题从格陵兰岛的异常天气到巨大冰盖变薄等可知,他们的话题一直在变化,故选A项。
14.A.deepened
B.thickened
C.thinned
D.broadened
答案C
解析deepen“加深”;thicken“变厚”;thin“变薄”;broaden“变宽”。根据常识可知,由于温室效应,冰盖正在变薄,故选C项。
15.A.left
B.turned
C.shut
D.cast
答案D
解析leave“离开”;turn“转向”;shut“关闭”;cast“投射”。根据下文的“enviouseyesuponthenewlyrevealedmineralwealth”可知,应是外界对新发现的矿产财富投来羡慕的目光,故选D项。
Ⅶ.语法填空
(2020湖北荆门期末考试)
Daisy
is
a
girl
who
cares
about
our
environment.She
always
longs
to
help
1
(endanger)
species
of
wildlife.One
day,she
2
(wake)
up
and
found
a
flying
carpet
which
took
her
to
many
3 (place)
to
experience
something
amazing.In
Tibet,Daisy
saw
an
antelope
looking
sad
and
it
told
her
the
species
was
being
killed.Then
the
carpet
showed
her
a
place
4
there
was
some
wildlife
protection.There
she
came
across
5
elephant,from
whom
she
knew
they
used
to
be
hunted
6
mercy.But
now
good
things
are
being
done
to
save
local
wildlife.Knowing
that,Daisy
burst
into
7
(laugh)
in
relief.At
the
end
of
the
journey,she
met
a
monkey
8
(rub)
himself
to
protect
himself
from
mosquitoes.The
monkey
asked
her
to
pay
9
(much)
attention
to
the
rainforest.Finally,Daisy
10
(full)
understood
the
meaning
of
“no
rainforest,no
animals,no
drugs”.?
答案与解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个爱护环境的小女孩关心保护野生动物的故事。
1.endangered 考查形容词。此处修饰名词species,应用形容词,故填endangered。
2.woke 考查动词时态。分析句子可知此处填谓语,根据found可知此处用过去式woke。
3.places 考查名词。many修饰可数名词复数,所以填places。
4.where 考查定语从句。分析句子可知therewassomewildlifeprotection作定语,修饰place,从句缺地点状语,所以应该用关系副词where。
5.an 考查冠词。elephant以元音音素开头,此处表示一头大象,所以用an。
6.without 考查介词。句意:她得知大象过去被无情地猎杀。表示“无情”可以用withoutmercy。
7.laughter 考查名词。Daisy突然笑起来。burstinto后加名词,所以填laughter。
8.rubbing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知本句有谓语met,所以rub要用非谓语动词的形式,monkey与rub是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以填rubbing。
9.more 考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知是和过去相比,要用比较级,所以填more。
10.fully 考查副词。此处修饰动词understood,应用副词fully。UNIT3CONSERVATION
SectionA TOPICTALK&LESSON1
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.She
tries
every
means
to
make
people
aware
of
the
importance
of
the
environment
(保护).?
答案conservation
2.I
said
no
to
(塑料制的)
or
paper
bags
at
stores.?
答案plastic
3.The
prices
of
some
i
in
that
shop
have
decreased
to
60%.?
答案items
4.A
suggestion
has
been
put
forward
that
we
should
r
the
textbooks.?
答案recycle
5.We
ought
to
ensure
something
that
(使恢复)
our
lost
energy
and
cheers
us
up.?
答案restores
6.He
gathered
a
huge
(大量的)
of
snow
and
dug
out
a
hole
in
the
middle.?
答案mass
7.She
is
popular
with
her
students
as
her
teaching
methods
are
(不平常的).?
答案unusual
8.One
winter
day
while
he
was
h ,he
saw
the
tracks
of
animals
in
the
snow.?
答案hunting
9.Husband
and
wife
should
s
roles
occasionally.?
答案switch
10.Another
disadvantage
of
the
internet
was
that
it
was
a
people’s
private
lives.?
答案affecting
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The
(destroy)
of
such
species
could
prevent
researchers
from
finding
cures
for
certain
diseases.?
答案destruction
2.The
union
(threat)
that
they
would
go
on
strike
if
their
demands
were
not
met.?
答案threatened
3.They
were
charged
with
bringing
goods
into
the
country
(illegal).?
答案illegally
4.The
(hunt)agreed
to
take
us
to
go
hunting
tomorrow.?
答案hunter(s)
5.Some
experts
appealed
to
people
to
rescue
many
species
from
(extinct).?
答案extinction
6.
(urge)measures
have
been
taken
to
prevent
car
emission.?
答案Urgent
7.A
(vary)
and
ancient
food
culture
should
be
famous
worldwide.?
答案varied
8.The
glass
appears
to
reflect
light
(natural).?
答案naturally
9.We
can’t
afford
to
overlook
such
serious
(pollute)
to
the
environment.?
答案pollution
10.On
the
other
hand,there
are
always
some
people
who
view
this
gap
(negative).?
答案negatively
Ⅲ.短语填空
take
action,die
out,be
at
risk,do
one’s
part,have
a
role,
in
short,
due
to,
up
to,
depend
on,
wipe
out
1.In
the
past
decade,the
administration
hasn’t
in
environmental
conservation.?
答案done
its
part
2.What
we
can
do
now
is
to
reduce
pollution.?
答案take
action
3.As
a
member
of
the
international
society,we
to
play.?
答案have
a
role
4.The
old
traditions
are .?
答案dying
out
5.Only
in
this
way
can
we the
enemy
troops.?
答案wipe
out
6.The
drivers
were
more
likely
to
break
the
speed
limit
and
of
getting
fined.?
答案be
at
risk
7.All
the
flights
were
put
off
the
bad
weather.?
答案due
to
8.The
government
will
make
accommodations
for
three
thousand
people.?
答案up
to
9.Friendship
means
having
someone
I
can
.?
答案depend
on
10. ,he
was
happy
with
that
result.?
答案In
short
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.去哪儿郊游由你决定。
It
is
up
to
you
to
decide go
for
an
outing.?
答案where
we
will
2.直到最近几年,在线课程才真正得到公众的认可。
It
is
only
in
the
last
few
years
that
online
courses the
real
public
acceptance.?
答案have
gained
3.李娜结束职业生涯的真正原因是她的伤痛。
The
real Li
Na
to
end
her
professional
career
is
her
painful
injuries.?
答案reason
for
4.人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。
Everybody
knows
that
he this.?
答案is
to
blame
for
5.2019年,大约有六万名美国大学生在学习中文,是2009年的三倍。
In
2019,about
60,000
American
college
students
were
studying
Chinese,which
is as
many
as
in
2009.?
答案three
times
6.英语里有如此多的法语词汇的一个原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很多年。
One
reason
there
are
so
many
French
words
in
English
is
the
French
ruled
England
for
quite
a
number
of
years.?
答案why;that
7.没有你的帮助,我们就不能达到目标。
We
achieve
the
goal
your
help.?
答案can’t;without
8.我们不是通过关联来找书,也就是说,我们不是通过其内容来查找。
We
don’t
find
the
book
by
association. ,
we
don’t
find
the
book
by
referring
to
its
contents.?
答案That
is
素养提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020广西南宁高一下期末考试)
Swimming
in
the
water
of
Hawaii’s
Big
Island
is
a
fun
experience.But
it
can
be
more
exciting
if
there
are
dolphins
swimming
around
and
jumping
out
of
the
sea
too.For
many
people,it
would
be
a
wonderful
dream
to
swim
with
these
lovely
animals!However,this
may
not
be
good
for
dolphins.They
may
get
hurt
because
of
human
interaction(互动).
Dolphins
are
active
and
usually
look
for
food
at
night.In
the
day,they
like
to
rest
in
shallow
bays(浅湾).Many
people
think
the
dolphins
are
awake
during
the
day
as
they
swim.But
when
they
sleep
they
rest
half
of
their
brain
and
keep
the
other
half
awake
to
breathe,so
they
may
be
sleeping
even
when
they’re
swimming
in
the
water.
From
2010
to
2013,spinner
dolphins(飞旋海豚)
of
Hawaii’s
Big
Island
were
exposed
to
human
activities
more
than
82
percent
of
the
time,according
to
Julian
Tyne,a
researcher
at
Australia’s
Murdoch
University.
The
National
Oceanic
and
Atmospheric
Administration
(NOAA)
says
disturbing
the
animals
in
their
near-shore
habitat
could
force
them
to
swim
to
less
favourable
places,putting
them
at
risk
of
attack
by
sharks
and
other
animals.
Besides,when
people
are
around,dolphins
become
more
active.Thus,they
can’t
get
enough
sleep.“Disturbing
their
resting
behaviours
can
actually
affect
their
long-term
health
and
the
health
of
the
dolphin
population,”
Ann
Garrett
of
NOAA’s
National
Marine
Fisheries
Service
told
the
Associated
Press.
As
a
result,the
NOAA
wants
to
make
rules
to
help
protect
the
dolphins.For
example,the
agency(机构)
may
ban
swimming
with
the
Hawaii
spinner
dolphins.Or
they
may
stop
people
from
swimming
in
shallow
bays
when
the
dolphins
are
resting.Tour
operators
must
also
be
taught
to
watch
for
signs
to
know
when
the
dolphins
are
in
their
resting
state.
【语篇解读】本文谈到海豚的生活习性以及其与人类的相处,建议人们保护海豚。
1.Which
of
the
following
about
dolphins
is
NOT
true?
A.They
spend
most
of
their
time
sleeping
at
night.
B.They
like
to
stay
in
shallow
bays
during
the
day.
C.They
keep
half
of
their
brain
awake
while
sleeping.
D.They
may
be
sleeping
even
when
they’re
swimming.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Dolphinsareactiveandusuallylookforfoodatnight.”可知,海豚晚上大多数时间睡觉的描述错误,故选A项。
2.What
would
they
do
when
dolphins
are
disturbed
in
their
near-shore
habitat?
A.Swim
to
a
crowded
place.
B.Move
closer
to
sharks.
C.Become
less
active.
D.Likely
sleep
longer.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“disturbingtheanimalsintheirnear-shorehabitatcouldforcethemtoswimtolessfavourableplaces,puttingthematriskofattackbysharksandotheranimals”可知,妨碍海豚在近岸栖息可能迫使它们游向不合适的地方,它们可能会遭受鲨鱼和其他动物的袭击,故选B项。
3.Which
activity
is
against
the
rules?
A.Swimming
with
the
Hawaii
spinner
dolphins.
B.Swimming
in
bays
where
the
dolphins
live.
C.Making
signs
that
show
the
dolphins’
resting
state.
D.Making
signs
that
show
where
the
dolphins
are.
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“theagency(机构)maybanswimmingwiththeHawaiispinnerdolphins”可知,与夏威夷飞旋海豚一起游泳是禁止的,故选A项。
4.What
does
the
article
mainly
talk
about?
A.What
habits
dolphins
have.
B.What
spinner
dolphins
are.
C.How
the
animals
live
in
the
sea.
D.How
to
protect
dolphins
near
the
shore.
答案D
解析主旨大意题。本文前面部分介绍了海豚,后文主要是号召人们保护海豚,以及如何保护的问题,故选D项。
B
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020黑龙江佳木斯高一上期末考试)
Human
demands
for
natural
resources
have
doubled
in
less
than
50
years
and
are
now
beyond
what
Earth
can
provide,a
report
warned.If
humans
carry
on
like
this,we
will
need
two
Earths
by
2030.The
population
of
wildlife
has
fallen
by
60%
in
thirty
years.
The
report
said
British
people
are
consuming(消耗)
far
more
than
Earth
can
deal
with.If
everyone
lived
such
a
lifestyle,humans
would
need
2.75
planets
to
survive.People
are
now
living
lifestyles
which
would
require
1.5
planets,though
there
are
great
differences
between
rich
and
poor
nations.
Researchers
studied
the
global
change
in
land
use
and
water
consumption.The
UK
comes
31st
in
a
list
of
countries
based
on
“ecological
footprint(生态足迹)”
that
measures
how
much
land
and
sea
each
person
needs
to
produce
the
resources
they
consume
and
to
absorb(吸收)
the
wastes.The
UK
has
fallen
down
from
15th
place
in
the
last
report
two
years
ago
to
3lst
place,but
the
WWF
believes
it
is
an
increase
in
other
countries’
efforts
rather
than
a
reduction
in
the
UK’s
use
of
resources.
Ireland
has
the
10th
highest
ecological
footprint,while
the
United
Arab
Emirates,Qatar,Denmark,Belgium
and
the
US
are
the
five
worst
countries
for
over-consumption
of
resources.The
study
suggests
if
the
expected
global
population
of
9.2
billion
in
2050
were
to
eat
a
Malaysian
diet,1.3
planets
would
be
needed,but
if
everyone
were
to
eat
an
Italian
diet,humans
would
need
almost
two
planets.Those
countries
that
can
provide
the
highest
quality
of
life
using
the
lowest
amount
of
resources
will
not
only
serve
the
global
interest,but
will
be
the
leaders
in
a
resource-limited
world.
【语篇解读】本文通过实例说明人类在透支地球的资源。
5.How
many
Earths
do
we
need
if
we
follow
the
British
lifestyle?
A.1.3.
B.2.75.
C.2.
D.1.5.
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThereportsaidBritishpeopleareconsuming(消耗)farmorethanEarthcandealwith.Ifeveryonelivedsuchalifestyle,humanswouldneed2.75planetstosurvive.”可知,如果我们按照英国的生活方式,我们可能需要2.75个地球。故选B项。
6.What
do
we
know
about
“ecological
footprint”?
A.It
has
something
to
do
with
human
demands
for
resources
and
their
wastes.
B.It
is
used
to
produce
the
resources
and
absorb
the
wastes.
C.We
can
know
the
total
amount
of
resources
on
Earth
through
it.
D.It
is
about
changes
in
land
use
and
water
consumption
across
the
globe.
答案A
解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“basedon‘ecologicalfootprint(生态足迹)’thatmeasureshowmuchlandandseaeachpersonneedstoproducetheresourcestheyconsumeandtoabsorb(吸收)thewastes”可知,生态足迹与人类对资源的需求和浪费有关,故选A项。
7.TheWWFbelievesthat .?
A.Earthwon’tbeabletomeethumanneedsafter50years
B.theUKhaspossiblynotreducedtheuseofresourcesoverthepasttwoyears
C.IrelandhasalowerecologicalfootprintthantheUK
D.therearenobigdifferencesinlifestylesbetweenrichandpoornations
答案B
解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,英国的排名从两年前的第15位降至第31位,但世界自然基金会认为,这是因为其他国家的消耗增加了,而不是英国资源使用量减少了。故选B项。
8.WhatcanwelearnaboutMalaysiafromthetext?
A.IthasalargerpopulationthanItaly.
B.ItconsumesfewerresourcesthanItaly.
C.Itwouldneedalmosttwoplanets.
D.Ithasthehighestqualityoflife.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thestudysuggestsiftheexpectedglobalpopulationof9.2billionin2050weretoeataMalaysiandiet,1.3planetswouldbeneeded,butifeveryoneweretoeatanItaliandiet,humanswouldneedalmosttwoplanets.”可推断,马来西亚人的消费模式消耗的资源比意大利的少,故选B项。
Ⅵ.七选五
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020江苏如皋高一上期末考试)
Environmental
pollution
kills
1.7
million
children
under
the
age
of
five
every
year
worldwide.This
is
according
to
the
World
Health
Organisation
(WHO).The
WHO
warns
that
child
deaths
will
increase
greatly
if
pollution
continues
to
worsen.
The
most
common
causes
of
death
among
children
aged
one
month
to
five
years
are
diarrhea,malaria
and
pneumonia.This
is
according
to
the
WHO. 1
This
means
providing
access
to
safe
water
and
sanitation,limiting
exposure
to
dangerous
chemicals,and
improving
waste
management.?
2
The
WHO
estimates
that
air
pollution
is
responsible
for
about
6.5
million
premature,or
early
deaths
every
year.That
number
includes
nearly
600,000
deaths
of
children
under
age
five.Most
of
these
deaths
take
place
in
developing
countries.?
Air
pollution
is
a
leveler
between
rich
and
poor,according
to
WHO
environment
and
health
chief
Maria
Neira. 3
And
one
of
the
most
important
ways
to
reduce
air
pollution
is
to
produce
cleaner
fuels
for
cooking
and
heating.“Almost
half
of
the
world
population
is
using
dirty
fuels
for
cooking,heating,and
lighting
at
home.And,this
is
affecting
very
much
mothers
who
are
staying
and
cooking
at
home,but
the
children
who
are
around
mothers
are
exposed
as
well.”
Early
exposure
to
harmful
pollutants
can
lead
to
increased
risk
of
chronic
respiratory
disease,asthma,heart
disease,stroke
and
cancer
later
in
life.?
Cleaning
up
how
the
world
cooks,heats
and
lights
homes
and
other
buildings
is
a
big-picture
goal.The
WHO
is
advising
government
departments
and
industries
such
as
construction
and
the
health
sector
to
work
together
to
clean
up
their
environment.
4
The
US
Environmental
Protection
Agency
has
the
following
suggestions:?
·
Avoid
walking
where
there
is
a
high
volume
of
vehicle
traffic.
· 5 ?
·
Limit
your
time
outside
if
you
live
in
an
area
that
issues
warnings
about
air
quality.
·
Wear
high-grade,rated
face
masks
tightly
to
the
face
when
air
quality
is
poor.
·
Remove
your
clothes
and
wash
immediately
after
entering
your
house
if
you
live
or
commute
in
a
very
polluted
area.
A.However,of
all
the
environmental
pollutants,air
pollution
is
being
called
the
most
dangerous.
B.But
what
can
individuals
do
to
limit
our
family’s
exposure
to
air
pollution?
C.Therefore,the
WHO
stresses
that
governments
around
the
world
need
to
take
the
lead
on
ensuring
that
children
grow
up
in
a
clean
environment.
D.The
organisation
also
says
reducing
environmental
risks
can
prevent
such
deaths.
E.A
polluted
environment
is
a
deadly
one—particularly
for
young
children.
F.Everybody,she
says,needs
to
breathe.
G.Equip
homes
with
air
filters
and
air
conditioning
units.
答案与解析
【语篇解读】文章指出环境污染是近年来导致幼童死亡率上升的主要原因之一。
1.D 上文提到,一个月至五岁的儿童中最常见的死亡原因是腹泻、疟疾和肺炎,D项“Theorganisationalsosaysreducingenvironmentalriskscanpreventsuchdeaths.”补充了世界卫生组织的另一个结论,符合语境。
2.A 下文提到,世界卫生组织估计,空气污染每年造成约650万人早衰或早亡。A项“However,ofalltheenvironmentalpollutants,airpollutionisbeingcalledthemostdangerous.”表示,在所有的环境污染物中,空气污染被认为是最危险的。呼应下文中的airpollution“空气污染”,符合语境。
3.F 上文提到,世界卫生组织环境与卫生主管MariaNeira说,空气污染是贫富之间的一个平衡点。F项“Everybody,shesays,needstobreathe.”中的she呼应前文中的MariaNeira,符合语境。
4.B 根据下文的“TheUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyhasthefollowingsuggestions”可知,这里说的是个人能做什么来保护环境。B项“Butwhatcanindividualsdotolimitourfamily’sexposuretoairpollution?”提到人们能做些什么来减少家里的空气污染,符合语境。
5.G 根据上下文可知,这里介绍的是个人保护环境的方法。G项“Equiphomeswithairfiltersandairconditioningunits.”符合语境。
Ⅶ.完形填空
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:记叙文
(2020黑龙江东部地区高一上四校期末联考)
My
daughter
has
been
crazy
about
raising
a
pet
for
a
long
time.
Last
spring
I
bought
two
small
chickens
for
her.She
got
1
and
took
good
care
of
them. 2 ,a
few
days
later,both
chickens
died.She
3
into
tears
because
of
their
death.I
helped
her
4
the
two
chickens
under
a
tree
behind
our
house.I
thought
it
would
be
the
5
of
her
idea.?
However,I
was
wrong.Children
are
children
after
all.The
failure
hasn’t
6
my
daughter
in
any
way.She
still
tried
to
keep
a
small
animal
or
even
a
snail(蜗牛).?
One
day
last
winter,I
7
under
the
eaves
(屋檐)
of
the
house
a
family
of
sparrows
(麻雀).My
daughter
and
I
could
8
the
sparrows
as
our
“pets”,but
we
didn’t.?
So
I
told
her
to
9
the
grains
on
the
windowsill
(窗台).A
few
minutes
later,the
sparrows
came
to
land
on
the
windowsill
10
and
pecked
(啄)
at
the
rice.Suddenly
my
daughter
asked
me,“Mum,can
we
catch
and
cage
the
sparrows,and
let
them
live
with
us
in
the
room?How
11
it
is
for
them
to
live
outside!”?
“Oh,my
dear,I
do
not
think
it’s
a
good
idea.You
know,”
I
explained
to
her.“The
sparrow
is
a
bird
who
loves
12 .No
one
can
keep
them
in
a
cage.If
they
are
caught,they
will
die
quickly.They
are
13
to
living
outside.Moreover,they
have
a
warm
nest
under
the
eaves.”?
From
then
on,we
have
set
up
a
kind
of
relationship
with
the
sparrow
family.We
feed
them
and
14
them
as
pet
birds.However,we
do
not
need
to
possess
them.We
15
seeing
these
little
birds
flying
and
jumping
among
branches,leaves
and
flowers
in
the
spring
morning.?
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述作者女儿喂养小动物的故事。
1.A.surprised
B.excited
C.disappointed
D.amazed
答案B
解析根据下文的“tookgoodcareofthem”可知,女儿认真照顾小鸡,excited“兴奋的”符合语境。surprised“吃惊的”;disappointed“失望的”;amazed“惊讶的”。
2.A.Naturally
B.Suddenly
C.Unfortunately
D.Finally
答案C
解析根据下文的“bothchickensdied”可知,unfortunately“不幸地”符合语境。naturally“自然而然地”;suddenly“突然地”;finally“最后”。
3.A.broke
B.happened
C.burst
D.turned
答案C
解析因为它们的死,她突然大哭起来(burstintotears)。break“打破”;happen“发生”;turn“转变”。
4.A.bury
B.put
C.dig
D.set
答案A
解析由“underatreebehindourhouse”可知,作者帮她把死掉的小鸡埋在了房子后的一棵树下。bury“埋葬”;put“放”;dig“挖”;set“设置”。
5.A.end
B.beginning
C.wish
D.reality
答案A
解析结合上下文可知,作者认为小鸡死后,女儿就不会再养其他小动物了,故此处指“她的想法结束了”,符合语境。end“结束”;beginning“开始”;wish“希望”;reality“现实”。
6.A.upset
B.encouraged
C.helped
D.impressed
答案A
解析根据下文的“Shestilltriedtokeepasmallanimalorevenasnail(蜗牛).”可知,之前的经历并没有让她沮丧(upset),女儿仍然想养小动物。encourage“鼓励”;help“帮助”;impress“使印象深刻”。
7.A.stared
B.noticed
C.sensed
D.glared
答案B
解析去年冬天的一天,作者注意到(noticed)屋檐下有麻雀一家。stare“凝视”;sense“感觉到”;glare“瞪”。
8.A.look
B.act
C.catch
D.feed
答案C
解析结合句意可知,要想把麻雀作为宠物,首先得抓住它们,且下文的“Mum,canwecatchandcagethesparrows”也有暗示,catch是原词复现。look“看”;act“行动”;catch“抓”;feed“喂”。
9.A.throw
B.pour
C.pile
D.put
答案D
解析根据上下文,作者是一个善良温柔的人,故此处用“放(put)”更能体现出这一点。throw“扔”;pour“倾倒”;pile“堆”。
10.A.oneafteranother
B.oneanother
C.everyother
D.eachother
答案A
解析几分钟之后,麻雀一只接一只地停到窗台上开始啄食谷物。结合句意可知,此处用“一只接一只”来表达麻雀的数量较多。oneafteranother“一只接一只”;oneanother“相互”;everyother“其余的”;eachother“相互”。
11.A.free
B.happy
C.cold
D.warm
答案C
解析结合上文的“Onedaylastwinter”可知事情发生在冬天,所以cold符合语境。
12.A.freedom
B.spring
C.trees
D.nests
答案A
解析根据下文的“Noonecankeeptheminacage.”可知,作者告诉女儿没有人能够把麻雀关在笼子里,故推测她告诉女儿它们喜欢自由(freedom)。
13.A.safe
B.proud
C.grateful
D.used
答案D
解析根据上文的“Thesparrowisabirdwholoves 12 .”可知,麻雀习惯在户外生活。safe“安全的”;proud“骄傲的”;grateful“感激的”;beusedtodoingsth“习惯做某事”。?
14.A.think
B.dream
C.treat
D.appreciate
答案C
解析根据前文的“wehavesetupakindofrelationshipwiththesparrowfamily”可知,作者一家和麻雀建立了很好的关系,故推测他们把麻雀一家当成自己的宠物来对待(treat)。think“想,认为”;dream“梦想”;appreciate“感激”。
15.A.enjoy
B.wouldlike
C.want
D.consider
答案A
解析作者和女儿都是爱鸟之人,所以喜欢看这些小鸟在春天的早晨在树枝、树叶和花朵间飞来飞去。enjoy“享受,喜欢”;wouldlike“想”;want“想”;consider“考虑,认为”。UNIT3CONSERVATION
SectionC WRITINGWORKSHOP&VIEWING
WORKSHOP&READINGCLUB&ASSESSMENT
课后篇巩固提升
基础夯实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It
is
a
good
(论说文)apart
from
a
few
slight
faults.?
答案essay
2.
(有机的)produce
is
likely
slightly
healthier
to
eat.?
答案Organic
3.Can
you
put
me
through
to
the
president
office
of
the
(研究院)??
答案institute
4.There
is
not
much
(家禽肉)in
the
shops.?
答案poultry
5.We
gain
an
advantage
over
our
o
because
of
much
more
resources.?
答案opponent
6.The
scientist
c
to
have
invented
a
new
kind
of
car.?
答案claimed
7.They
contain
a
harmful
c
that
caused
my
liver
to
fail.?
答案chemical
8.The
government
declared
war
on
the
(毒品)
dealers.?
答案drug
9.We
were
astonished
to
find
the
(寺院)still
in
its
original
condition.?
答案temple
10.A
stream
is
winding
it’s
way
through
the
(山谷)
into
the
river.?
答案valley
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.School
officials
say
they
welcome
parental
(involve).?
答案involvement
2.She
was
shocked
by
the
(cruel)
of
his
words,thinking
he
was
too
hard
on
her.?
答案cruelty
3.The
(scene)
spot
is
on
northwestern
outside
of
Beijing.?
答案scenic
4.Some
were
in
memory
of
settlers’
former
homes,others
in
honour
of
(history)
events.?
答案historic
5.Even
in
advanced
(agriculture)
societies,it
took
about
ninety-five
people
on
farms
to
feed
five
people
in
cities.?
答案agricultural
6.You
have
a
tendency
to
avoid
(argue).?
答案argument
7.Though
having
lived
abroad
for
years,many
Chinese
still
observe
(tradition)
customs.?
答案traditional
8.The
last
few
years
have
seen
(environment)
disasters
on
a
grand
scale,and
experts
are
predicting
far
worse
to
come.?
答案environmental
9.The
majority
of
people
would
not
support
this
type
of
(science)
research.?
答案scientific
10.There
are
sometimes
great
(culture)
differences
even
between
native
English
speakers.?
答案cultural
Ⅲ.选择合适的短语完成句子
in
that
way,
apart
from,
sum
up,
for
instance,
home
to,
fight
for,
suffer
from,
at
the
rate
of,
on
top
of
that,
be
located
in
1.I
enjoyed, ,the
chapter
in
which
Harold
discovers
how
to
think
on
his
own.?
答案for
instance
2.To
,it’s
worthwhile
to
rebuild
the
old
bridge.?
答案sum
up
3.I’d
prefer
to
do
it
in
this
way
rather
than
.?
答案in
that
way
4. this,the
actual
cost
of
misused
light
is
estimated
to
be
millions
of
dollars
every
year.?
答案Apart
from
5.He
has the
lung
cancer
for
many
years.?
答案suffered
from
6.No
matter
what
happens
in
the
court,the
judges
must
stand
for
us
to
the
justice
of
our
cause.?
答案fight
for
7.The
island
is
many
birds
and
animals.?
答案home
to
8.Narvik
the
south
of
Norway.?
答案is
located
in
9. ,he
believes
in
working
for
money.?
答案On
top
of
that
10.The
train
was
going 95
kilometres
an
hour.?
答案at
the
rate
of
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.另一方面,黑色令人压抑。
,black
is
depressing.?
答案On
the
other
hand
2.他们匆忙地回家了,又饿又冷。
They
went
home
in
a
hurry, .?
答案hungry
and
cold
3.这个书包和我昨天丢失的一样。
This
is
I
lost
yesterday.?
答案the
same
bag
as
4.他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。
He
stared
at
his
friend
.?
答案with
his
mouth
wide
open
5.他死了,留下妻子和五个孩子。
He
died, with
five
children.?
答案leaving
his
wife
素养提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020江西南昌六校期末联考)
A
new
study
has
found
that
North
American
migratory(迁徙的)
birds
have
been
getting
smaller
over
the
past
40
years.Researchers
say
the
finding
suggests
a
warming
climate(气候)
could
be
affecting
bird
growth
in
North
America—and
across
the
world.
The
study
was
recently
published
in
EcologyLetters.Researchers
measured(测量)
the
size
of
80,000
birds
killed
from
1978
to
2016
during
the
spring
and
fall
migrations
in
the
city
of
Chicago,Illinois.Over
the
40-year
period,body
size
decreased
in
all
52
species.The
average
body
weight
fell
by
2.6
percent.Leg
bone
length
dropped
by
2.4
percent.The
one
area
of
growth
was
the
wingspan,which
increased
by
1.3
percent.
The
researchers
said
the
wing
growth
likely
happened
to
allow
the
birds
to
continue
making
long
migrations
with
smaller
bodies.The
study
considered
a
principle
known
as
Bergmann’s
rule,in
which
individuals
within
a
species
grow
smaller
in
warmer
areas
and
grow
larger
in
colder
ones.
Brian
Weeks,a
biologist
at
the
University
of
Michigan’s
School
for
Environment
and
Sustainability,helped
lead
the
research.He
said
that
he
believes
the
results
show
a
clear
connection
between
a
warming
climate
and
the
growth
of
the
birds.“In
other
words,climate
change
seems
to
be
changing
both
the
size
and
shape
of
these
species,”
he
said.
The
study
found
a
direct
connection
between
the
average
summer
temperature
and
the
body
size
of
the
birds.Dave
Willard
works
with
Chicago’s
Field
Museum,which
was
in
charge
of
measuring
all
the
birds.He
said
nearly
“everyone
agrees
that
the
climate
is
warming,but
examples
of
just
how
that
is
affecting
the
natural
world
are
only
now
coming
to
light.”?
“We
had
good
reason
to
expect
that
increasing
temperatures
would
lead
to
reductions
in
body
size,based
on
earlier
studies,”
Weeks
said.“I
was
incredibly
surprised
that
all
of
these
species
are
responding
in
such
similar
ways.”
The
researchers
plan
to
continue
studying
the
Field
Museum
data
in
an
effort
to
find
additional
evidence
to
support
their
findings.They
will
also
further
examine
the
idea
that
an
individual’s
physical
development
can
change
to
fit
changing
environmental
conditions.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,讲述了气候变暖会影响鸟类的生长。
1.Which
of
the
following
didn’t
go
down
to
a
lower
level?
A.The
body
size.
B.The
body
weight.
C.The
leg
bone
length.
D.The
wingspan.
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theaveragebodyweightfellby2.6percent.Legbonelengthdroppedby2.4percent.Theoneareaofgrowthwasthewingspan,whichincreasedby1.3percent.”可知,翼展的尺寸没有变小。故选D项。
2.Whichofthefollowingtookresponsibilityformeasuringthebirds?
A.EcologyLetters.
B.BrianWeeks.
C.TheFieldMuseum.
D.DaveWillard.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“DaveWillardworkswithChicago’sFieldMuseum,whichwasinchargeofmeasuringallthebirds.”可知,DaveWillard就职于芝加哥菲尔德博物馆,该博物馆负责测量所有鸟类。故选C项。
3.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“comingtolight”inParagraph5mean?
A.Known.
B.Similar.
C.Intelligent.
D.Distant.
答案A
解析词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“Wehadgoodreasontoexpectthatincreasingtemperatureswouldleadtoreductionsinbodysize,basedonearlierstudies,”可知,画线词语所在句指的是每个人都同意气候正在变暖,但关于气候变暖如何影响自然界的例子直到现在才为人所知。画线部分的意思是“知道”,故选A项。
4.The
main
idea
of
the
passage
is
that .?
A.fifty-two
species
of
birds
became
smaller
B.the
warming
climate
could
affect
bird
growth
C.the
warming
climate
makes
the
birds
grow
larger
D.the
researchers
have
proved
their
findings
答案B
解析主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Researcherssaythefindingsuggestsawarmingclimate(气候)couldbeaffectingbirdgrowthinNorthAmerica—andacrosstheworld.”可知,研究人员表示,这一发现表明气候变暖可能会影响北美乃至全球的鸟类生长,由此可知本文的主要观点是气候变暖会影响鸟类的生长,故选B项。
B
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020黑龙江哈尔滨高一期末考试)
In
the
past
50
years,the
amount
of
water
in
the
open
ocean
with
zero
oxygen
has
gone
up
more
than
fourfold.In
coastal
water
bodies,including
river
mouths
and
seas,low-oxygen
sites
have
increased
more
than
tenfold
since
1950.Scientists
expect
oxygen
to
continue
dropping
even
outside
these
zones
as
Earth
warms.
“Oxygen
is
fundamental
to
life
in
the
Oceans,”said
Denise
Breitburg,a
marine
ecologist
with
the
Smithsonian
Environmental
Research
Centre.“The
decline
in
ocean
oxygen
ranks
among
the
most
serious
effects
of
human
activities
on
the
Earth’s
environment.Actually,it’s
a
great
loss
to
all
the
support
services
that
rely
on
recreation
and
tourism,including
hotels
and
restaurants
and
taxi
drivers
and
everything
else.The
reverberations(严重影响)
of
unhealthy
ecosystems
in
the
ocean
can
be
extensive.”
In
areas
traditionally
called
“dead
zones”,like
those
in
Chesapeake
Bay
and
the
Gulf
of
Mexico,oxygen
plummets(大幅下跌)
to
so
low
levels
that
many
animals
die.As
fish
avoid
these
zones,their
habitats
become
smaller
and
they’re
easier
to
be
attacked
or
caught.But
the
problem
goes
far
beyond
“dead
zones”.Even
smaller
oxygen
decline
can
prevent
growth
in
animals,hinder
reproduction
and
lead
to
disease
or
even
death.It
can
also
cause
the
release
of
dangerous
chemicals
such
as
nitrous
oxide,a
greenhouse
gas
up
to
300
times
more
powerful
than
carbon
dioxide.While
some
animals
can
boom
in
“dead
zones”,overall
biodiversity
falls.
Climate
change
is
the
key
criminal
in
the
open
ocean.Warming
surface
waters
make
it
harder
for
oxygen
to
reach
the
inside
of
the
ocean.Furthermore,as
the
ocean
as
a
whole
gets
warmer,it
holds
less
oxygen.In
coastal
waters,too
much
nutrient
pollution
from
land
creates
algal
blooms,which
use
up
oxygen
as
they
die
and
break
down.
People’s
livelihoods
are
also
on
the
line,the
scientists
reported,especially
in
developing
nations.Smaller
fisheries(渔场)
may
be
unable
to
relocate
when
low
oxygen
destroys
their
harvests
or
forces
fish
to
move
elsewhere.So
we
humans
have
to
carry
on
a
war
now
and
win
the
war.
【语篇解读】人类活动导致全球变暖,气候变化影响海洋生物的生存,这些会相应地影响人类的生存,人类必须采取措施应对此问题。
5.What
does
the
first
paragraph
mainly
talk
about?
A.The
ocean
has
been
losing
its
oxygen.
B.The
amount
of
sea
water
is
increasing.
C.The
coastal
water
bodies
are
dangerous.
D.Earth
becomes
warmer
and
warmer.
答案A
解析主旨大意题。通过第一段可知海洋面临的现状,在过去的50年里,海洋中零氧水域的水量增加了四倍多,低氧地区自1950年以来增加了十倍多。科学家预计,随着地球变暖,即使在这些区域之外,氧气含量也会继续下降,故选A项。
6.WhatcanweinferfromDeniseBreitburg’swords?
A.Differentoceanshavedifferentlevelsofoxygen.
B.Thedeclineinoceanoxygenhasgreatinfluences.
C.Thefutureoftourismreliesonthelevelsofoceanoxygen.
D.Thedecreaseinoceanoxygenisthemostseriousenvironmentalproblem.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第二段DeniseBreitburg所说的话可知,海洋氧气的减少是人类活动对地球环境最严重的影响之一,这种不健康的海洋生态系统的严重影响还会扩大,由此可见海洋氧气的减少有很大影响,故选B项。
7.How
does
the
“dead
zone”
affect
sea
animals?
A.It
offers
more
food.
B.It
forms
dangerous
gas.
C.It
reduces
their
living
areas.
D.It
produces
more
carbon
dioxide.
答案C
解析推理判断题。根据第三段的“Inareastraditionallycalled‘deadzones’...oxygenplummets(大幅下跌)tosolowlevelsthatmanyanimalsdie.Asfishavoidthesezones,theirhabitatsbecomesmallerandthey’reeasiertobeattackedorcaught.”可知,在“死亡地带”,氧气大幅下跌,许多动物死去。当鱼类避开这些区域时,它们的栖息地变小,更容易被攻击或捕获。故选C项。
8.Howcanwewinthewaraccordingtothetext?
A.Byclosingsmallerfisheries.
B.Bycontrollinghumans’badactivities.
C.Byimprovingpeople’slivingstandards.
D.Bystoppingnutrientsenteringtheocean.
答案B
解析推理判断题。根据第二段的“ThedeclineinoceanoxygenranksamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarth’senvironment.Actually,it’sagreatlosstoallthesupportservicesthatrelyonrecreationandtourism,includinghotelsandrestaurantsandtaxidriversandeverythingelse.”可知,是人类活动导致了海洋氧气减少,所以要解决此问题必须控制人类的有害活动,故选B项。
Ⅵ.应用文写作
(2020安徽宿州十三所省重点中学联考)
如今灭绝的物种越来越多,保护濒危动物尤为重要。现就如何保护濒危动物写一篇文章,内容如下:
1.动物濒危的原因;
2.保护的措施;
3.呼吁大家。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
?
?
?
?
?
?
参考范文
Everyone
knows
animals
are
our
friends.But
many
animals
are
facing
the
danger
of
extinction,because
the
environment
that
they
are
living
in
has
been
destroyed
greatly.What’s
worse,human
race
is
killing
them
just
for
getting
their
fur,skin,teeth
and
meat.
In
order
to
protect
our
resources
of
ecology,our
government
should
pass
laws
and
forbid
people
to
hunt
the
animals
in
danger.We
can
work
together
to
plant
more
trees
and
call
for
protecting
animals’
habitats.At
the
same
time,it
is
necessary
to
have
long-term
projects
to
help
the
endangered
animals.
Only
if
we
protect
animals
well
can
we
have
a
bright
future!
Ⅶ.概要写作
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
(2020福建师范大学附属中学期末考试)
These
days
our
society
develops
rapidly
and
forces
people
to
rush.It
appears
that
people
have
got
used
to
being
in
a
hurry.However,it’s
better
for
people
to
take
their
time
and
live
their
life
at
a
slower
pace
than
to
hurry
to
get
things
done.
The
main
reason
that
convinces
us
to
be
against
doing
work
in
a
hurry
is
the
possibility
of
doing
wrong
in
a
rush.When
people
do
their
jobs
or
take
action
in
a
hurry,they
can’t
make
a
sound
decision
and
probably
regret
later.As
the
saying
goes,“Haste
makes
waste.”
We
should
think
carefully
before
making
a
decision
and
do
our
work
less
quickly.We
should
not
make
mistakes
by
doing
work
hurriedly.
Slowing
down
the
pace
of
life
helps
people
enjoy
their
life
better.For
example,taking
a
train
to
some
place
certainly
will
take
more
time
than
taking
a
plane.However,taking
a
train
makes
people
have
enough
time
to
get
to
know
a
lot
of
new
friends.Besides,it
allows
people
to
fully
enjoy
the
beautiful
scenery
along
the
way.On
the
contrary,being
in
a
hurry
will
make
us
lose
chances
of
enjoying
our
lives.
Finally,slower
life
pace
provides
better
health
conditions
for
us.As
is
known
to
all,taking
action
in
a
hurry
bothers
people
and
raises
their
stress.People
think
if
they
are
not
in
a
hurry,they
will
become
a
loser
and
that
annoys
them.But
being
in
a
hurry
can
hurt
people
both
physically
and
mentally(精神上).According
to
some
studies,people
who
have
a
slower
pace
suffer
fewer
diseases,tend
to
be
happier
and
live
much
longer
than
those
whose
life
is
tense,even
if
the
former
finish
jobs
more
slowly
than
the
latter.
In
short,working
quickly
will
bring
about
more
material
benefits
to
make
our
society
more
advanced.Yet,much
stress
can’t
bring
enjoyment,friends
and
health,which
are
much
more
important
than
money
and
other
material
advantages.Therefore,take
your
time
and
live
your
life
at
a
slower
pace.
?
?
?
?
参考范文
Despite
being
accustomed
to
the
fast
pace
in
modern
society,people
are
recommended
to
lead
a
slower
life.(要点1)
Firstly,slowing
down
lowers
the
possibility
of
committing
errors
by
comprehensive
thinking.(要点2)
Secondly,more
opportunities
to
enjoy
life
are
allowed
by
a
slower
pace.(要点3)
Lastly,better
health
condition
physically
and
mentally
is
also
what
a
slower
life
brings.(要点4)
Therefore,let’s
take
a
slower
life
from
now
on(要点5).
