2011-2012译林牛津英语高二下模块七Unit 2：Grammar and usage导学案

2011-2012译林牛津英语高二下模块七Unit 2：Grammar and usage导学案
M7U2 Grammar and usage
【学习目标】：1. 学习动词短语的用法及区别。
2. 正确且熟练掌握和运用动词短语。
【学习重难点】: 1.学会辨别动词+副词与动词+介词的区别,正确熟练掌握动词短语的运用.
2.熟练掌握并运用高考高频动词短语.
教学过程: 熟练并正确运用 动词短语（C级）
一.短语动词的构成:英语中的动词,按其构成,可分为单词动词(single-word verb)和短语动词(phrasal verb).短语动词指由两个或两个以上单词构成的动词.这种动词主要有三种组合形式:
(一) 动词+副词构成的动词短语:
动词+副词构成的动词短语分为两类: “及物动词+副词”和 “不及物动词+副词”. “及物动词+副词”短语的宾语既可以放在副词之前也可以放在副词之后, 但如果宾语为人称代词,则必须放在副词之前.
Eg. 1. He took off his coat.
2.Having worn his raincoat all the way, he took it off when he arrived at his office.
3.Uncle Tom passed away (去世)many years ago.
4.他进来时脱掉外套,出去时又穿上.
He took off his coat when he entered the house and put it on again when he went out. (take off 是及物短语动词)
5.There is often a spectators' balcony at airports, where people can watch the planes taking off and landing. (take off是不及物短语动词)
6.His words puzzled me so much that I spent several minutes________________.
A. making it up B. to make it up
C. figured it out D. to figure it out
总结:及物动词必须加宾语意思才完整的动词。 不及物动词，就是不必加宾语意思就完整的动词。
(二) 动词+介词构成的动词短语:
动词+介词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词, 不可分开使用, 其后可以直接跟宾语, 宾语通常是名词,代词,动名词等. 在被动语态中介词不能省略.
Eg. 1. Kate is looking after his sick mother.
2.前几天我遇到我的一个老朋友王晓林.
I came across one of my old classmates Wang Xiaoping.
　 3.I agree with (与……看法一致)you on that point.
　 4. Before long he took to (爱上)a girl student in his class.
(三) 动词+副词+介词构成的动词短语:
这类动词短语的宾语只能放在介词的后面. 常见的短语有: break away from , go on with, catch up with, look down on/upon, look up to, make up for, put up with. 在"动词+副词+介词"的组合中,短语动词只能看作是一个动词,绝对不能拆开.
Eg.1. I couldn't put up with (忍受)the noise any longer.
2. I don’t ______________ computer games. I think it’s a waste of time.
A. go away with B. go into
C. go after D. go in for
注意:在"动词+副词+介词"的组合中,短语动词只能看作是一个动词,绝对不能拆开.另外,还需要注意的是,以上三类短语动词都是一些固定搭配,这些短语动词与某些非固定搭配是有区别的.试比较(1)The lights went out.// (2) He put on his coat and went out.
例(1)中的went out(熄灭)是由"动词+副词"构成的短语动词.例(2)中的went out(出去)不是短语动词,went 是动词,out是副词,作状语.
补充: 动词+名词+介词构成的动词短语:
常见的这类短语有:make friends with, take care of, make room for, make jokes about, make an apology to, take pride in, pay attention to等.
Eg. 1. Lucy threw away some useless stuff to make room for her new bookcase.
2. Special attention should be __________the pronunciation.
　　 A. paid for B. paid to C. taken of D. taken to
二.★★★填填记记:部分高考高频动词短语(标出中文) （B级）
ask for _____________ break down ___________________
break out _____________ bring about ___________________
call for _____________ call up ___________________
close down ______________ come to __________________
come down _____________ come about ___________________
come on _____________ come out __________________
come up with ______________ cut in __________________
cut off ______________ die down __________________
fall down _____________ get through __________________
get down to ______________ get along __________________
get together ______________ get over ___________________
give out ______________ go by __________________
go in for ______________ go over ___________________
go up ______________ hand over ___________________
have on _______________ lead to ___________________
let out ______________ look out (for) __________________
look through ______________ look up __________________
make up ______________ pick out ____________________
pick up ______________ put away ____________________
put back _________________ put out_________________
refer to _________________ set out _________________
set up _________________ take up_________________
take down _________________ take in _________________
take on _________________ take over ___________________
turn to _________________ turn out_________________
work out _________________ make out ___________________
figure out _________________ look back to/ upon_________________
look forward to_________________ result from_________________
far from _________________ make up for_________________
supply / provide sb. with sth. supply / provide sth. for sb. _______________
devote… to… be fed up of…/ be tired of…/ be bored with…
in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb. focus on _________________
三. 读读猜猜:（B级）
有很多动词短语不止有一个含义，需要我们利用语境来灵活运用。请写出下列短语意思. (1) 1.（1）His accent gives him away as a southerner. _________________
(2) He gave away most of his money to charity. _________________
(3) They gave away their last chance of winning the match . _________________
(4) The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day. _________________
2. (1) She took me in completely with her story. _________________
(2) He was homeless, so we took him in. _________________
　　(3) Fish take in oxygen through their gills. _________________
　　(4) I hope you’re taking in what I’m saying. _________________
总结:　动词短语虽然较复杂，但我们只要仔细分析，善于总结，及时归纳，认真记忆，再加上灵活运用，我们就一定能解决好这一语法难点。
请选择正确答案（B级）
1. It is certain that he will___________ his business to his son when he gets old.
　　 A. hand in B. hand out C. hand over D. hand up
2. I was just talking to Li Tao when Wang Hai _________.?
　　 A. cut off B. cut in C. cut up D. cut down
3. Unfortunately, not everyone has realized the important part the balance of nature __________their daily life.
　　 A. plays in B. playing C. plays of D. to play in
4.　Now that you have a bit of free time, you’d better__________ a foreign language.
　　 A. pick out B. make out C. make up D. pick up
随堂练习: (C级)
1．We must notice the use they __________the new energy.
　 A. make for B. make from C. make of D. make up
2．I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please__________
　 A. turn it on B. turn it down C. turn it up D. turn it off
3．—--?Will somebody go and get Dr. White
　 —--?He’s already been__________.
　 A. asked for B. sent for C. called for D. looked for
4．I have__________ all my papers but I still can’t find my notes.
　 A. looked through B. looked for C. looked after D. looked out
5. —---?Have you __________some new ideas
　—---?Yeah. I’ll tell you later.
　 A. come about B. come into C. come up with D. come out with
6．“Goodbye, then,” she said, without even __________from her book.
　 A. looking down B. looking up C. looking away D. looking on
7．It’s the sort of work that __________a high level of concentration.
　 A．calls for B．makes up C．lies in D．stands for
8．Don’t be __________by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
　 A. taken off B. taken out C. taken away D. taken in
9．If the firms failed to make enough money, they would__________.
　 A. close down B. call off C. turn down D. set off
10．American Indians __________ about five percent of the US. Population.
A．fill up B．bring up C．make up D．set up
11．The teacher stressed again that the students should not __________ any important details while retelling the story.
A．bring out B．let out C．leave out D．make out
12. -------What are you reading, Tom
------- I’m not really reading, just ___________ the pages.
A.. turning off B. turning around C. turning over D. turning up
13. Don’t be so discouraged. If you ___________ such feelings, you will do better next time.
A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away
14._________ a moment and I will go to your rescue.
A. Go on B. Hold on C. Move on D. Carry on
15. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _____________ her job as a doctor in the countryside.
A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up