2011-2012译林牛津英语高二下模块七Unit 2：Reading之语言点导学案

2011-2012译林牛津英语高二下模块七Unit 2：Reading之语言点导学案
Unit 2 Module 7 Fit for life
Reading Language points
Learning Aims: 1) to learn some language points in this text to enlarge the vocabulary；
2) to use the language points when doing the exercises.
Learning important points: to analyze some long and complicated sentences
Learning difficult points: how to analyze the long and complicated sentences
Learning Procedures:
1. 【原句回放】This article will focus on two medicines that have changed people’s lives. If you open up any medicine cupboard in the world, there is a high probability that you will find aspirin and penicillin. (L1-3) 这篇文章将着重讲述两种改变人类生活的药物。只要打开世界上任何一个药柜，你很可能就会发现阿司匹林和青霉素。
【结构分析】第一个句子中的that引导的是_________ 从句，修饰____________；第二个句子中的that引导的是_________ 从句，对probability的内容加以说明。
Because he works so hard, ____________________________________ he will pass the language exam. （因为他学习认真，他通过这次语言考试的可能性很大。）
______________________________westerners usually ___________ their presents with delight as soon as they get it. ( 西方人多半一收到礼物就高兴地打开。)
【语言点】focus on : to pay much attention to, 常见搭配 focus one’s attention/efforts/energy on / upon sb./sth 集中（注意力、努力、精力等）于……；把……集中在……上；focus one’s mind/minds on / upon sb./sth 把思想/心思集中在……上；focus one’s eyes/gaze on … 注视着……
Each exercise____________ a different grammar point. 每个练习各有不同的语法重点。
In China, scientists have_________________（努力）cloning animals, as well as stem cells to be used in medical research.
【语言点】open up打开（门、容器等）；营业，开业；开辟，开创，开拓
The doorman ___________（打开） the school at six every morning.
In this way they ___________ a favourable situation. 他们就这样开辟了有利的新局面。
2.【原句回放】The date that aspirin was invented is given by medical historians as 1897, but in fact, 3,500 years ago, some recipes recommended drinking a tea made from the dried leaves of a particular plant to reduce body pains. (L6-8) 医学家将阿司匹林的发明时间定为1897年，但事实上，早在3，500年前的一些药方就已经建议人们饮用一种利用某种植物的干叶做成的茶，以缓解体痛。
【语言点】recommend vt. “推荐，介绍，劝告，建议”。后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，不能接不定式作宾语；但可以接不定式作宾语的补足语；也可以接宾语从句。
recommend sb. (as / for / to)
recommend sb. sth. 向某人推荐某物
recommend doing sth. 推荐/建议做某事
recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人去做某事
recommend that …（从句中谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略.）
①Can you recommend___________________ (你能推荐一位好律师给我吗？)
②If you want to visit the museum, I __________________(recommend, go) there by underground. (如果你想要去参观博物馆，我建议坐地铁去那里。)
The doctor______________________________ a few more days in hospital.( 医生建议我在医院再呆几天。)
3. 【原句回放】Not only has aspirin saved many people’s lives by reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.(L20-21) 阿司匹林不仅因退烧止痛而挽救了很多人的生命，它还有其他用途。
【结构分析】not only …but also… 放在句首不连接主语时应使用不完全倒装句型。not only …but also…连接两个分句时，not only 分句倒装，but also分句不倒装,即前倒后不倒。
Not only ______he himself interested in English but all his students are beginning to show an interest in it.
Students should learn not only from books, but also by experience. (改为倒装句)
_______________________________________________________________.
③He not only liked reading stories but he could even write some. (改为倒装句)
_______________________________________________________________.
4.【原句回放】However, in 1971, Smith and Willis from the UK proved that aspirin was a blood-thinning medicine, and in 1977, a study carried out in the USA showed that the chemical ASA in aspirin could prevent a stroke, which is a type of serious illness when blood vessels in the brain burst suddenly or are blocked.( L24-28) 然而，在1971年，英国的史密斯和威利斯证明了阿司匹林是一种能够稀释血液的药物。1977年在美国进行的一项研究还表明，阿司匹林里一种名叫ASA的化学物质能够防止中风，一种表现为大脑血管突然破裂或阻塞的严重疾病。
【结构分析】本句是由and连接的并列句，其中第二个并列分句是一个结构复杂的复合句。“that the chemical ASA in aspirin could prevent a stroke, which is a type of serious illness when blood vessels in the brain burst suddenly or are blocked.”是动词showed的______从句，其中又含有一个以which引导的______________从句，修饰先行词stroke。carried out in the USA是过去分词短语，作______________，修饰_________。
【配套练习】①--- Why was Professor Wang unhappy recently
--- Because the theory he insisted on __________ wrong.
A. proved B. proving C. being proved D. was proved
②The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______ the next year.
A. carried out B. carrying out C. carry out D. to carry out
③The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ________ was more than we could expect. (2008 全国卷II)
A. it B. what C. which D. that
5. 【原句回放】However, it was not until World War II that two other scientists, Howard Florey (Australian) and Ernst Chain (German-born English), managed to use new chemical techniques to purify it.(L46-48)然而，一直到二战时，另外两位科学家，澳大利亚的霍华德·弗洛里和出生在德国的英国人恩斯特·前恩才得以用新的化学技术提纯该物质。
【结构分析】强调句型的基本结构形式为：It is/was/must be + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其它成分。在对not … until结构中由until 引导的短语或从句进行强调时，用It is/was not until … that … 这一固定句型；注意与另一种形式是“Not until … + 主句倒装”的区别。
①I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.（对划线部分强调）_______________________________________________________________.
② Not until__________________________________________________________.
6. 【原句回放】Due to the widespread use of penicillin, many lives were saved during World War II. (L50-51)二战中由于青霉素的广泛使用，许多人的生命得救了。
【语言点】due的用法
be due（债款等）应该付给的，当付的；（票据等）到期的，期满的
The electricity bill is due to be paid. If we do not pay it on time, they might cut us off.
be due 定于，预定（做……的），预定（到达或离开的）（to do sth.）
Your homework is due to be handed in tomorrow. You will be punished if you can’t finish it by then. 你的家庭作业明天应该交上来，到那时如果你还没完成，你将受到惩罚。
The next train to Beijing is expected to arrive here at 4 o’clock. （句型转换）
The next train to Beijing is __________________ here at 4 o’clock. (due)
_____________________________________________(他们定于下周二再次见面。)
due to … 由于……，归因于，应归公于，应归咎于（= owing to …; because of …）
His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience.
______________________, the scheduled visit to a factory has been put off. 由于生病，他原计划到工厂的视察被取消。
7. 【原句回放】If penicillin had not been available, many people would have died from bacterial illnesses or even minor wounds. (L51-52) 如果没有青霉素的话，许多人就会死于各种细菌性疾病，甚至会死于微小的创伤。
【语言点】自我回顾下虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用。
______ for the doctor’s careful treatment, he ______ till last year.
A. If it isn’t; can’t live B. Were it not; couldn’t live
C. Had it not been; couldn’t have lived D. If they were not; couldn’t live
8. 【原句回放】So, although Fleming discovered penicillin, it was over a decade before someone else turned penicillin into the great drug of the 20th century.（L54-56）因此，尽管弗莱明发现了青霉素，但直到十多年之后才有人将它变成了二十世纪了不起的药品。
【结构分析】 句型：It is(was/will be) + 一段时间 + before …意为“过了一段时间之后才……”，否定句翻译为：“没过多久就……”
It will be many years before we meet again. _______________________________________
It was some time before I realized the importance of it._______________________________
It wasn’t long before the rain stopped and the sun came out again. ______________________
9. 【原句回放】It was a dream come true.（L51）这是一个梦想的实现。
【语言点】dream come true是一个习惯用语，当作一个整体看，起一个名词的作用。
I know, but it’s still a dream come true. (我知道，但这终究是一个梦想实现了。)
I have passed the exam. I can go to college now. It is like ____________________.
通常这种情况要写成 dream-come-true.
【随堂练习】
1. A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
A. if B. when C. that D. which
2. The students listened carefully to the teacher with their eyes ______ on the blackboard.
A. to focus B. focusing C. being focused D. focused
3. He recommended that a special committee ________ to look into the incident.
A. were set up B. was set up C. be set up D. set up
4. _______ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
5. The old man has four sons, and __________ are college students.
A. four of them B. all of them C. three of whom D. all of whom
6. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. (2008 江苏卷)
A. which B. what C. that D. where
7. It was how the young man had learned five languages ______ attracted the audience’s interest.
A. so that B. that C. what D. in which
8. It was not until dark _____ he found _____ he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.
A. that; what B. what; that C. when; what D. when; that
9. Some areas, ______ their bad weather conditions, are hardly populated (有人居住).
A. due to B. but for C. in spite of D. thanks to
10. Mary came to France in 1940, and it wasn’t long ______ she became a French citizen.
A. while B. before C. since D. since