2011-2012译林牛津英语高二下模块七Unit 2：重点词汇讲解
文档属性
| 名称 | 2011-2012译林牛津英语高二下模块七Unit 2：重点词汇讲解 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 25.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2011-11-21 22:26:01 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2011-2012译林牛津英语高二下模块七Unit 2：重点词汇讲解
泗洪中学高二英语导学案Book 7U2
vocabularly 主备人：陈长娥 陈亮 王芳 审核：莫素芹
1. open up
1) 打开（门，容器等）
We're going to open up our kitchen by knocking down a couple of walls.打开
2) 开门 营业，开张
I open up the store for the day at around 8:30 . 我每天大约8:30开门
3) 直抒胸臆 畅所欲言
IT helps to discuss your problems but I find it hard to open up. 与人谈谈自己面临的问题固然有益，但我还是觉得很难说出口
翻译： 他们已经制定了开发这片土地的计划。
They have already made plans to _____ the land.
A.open B. open up
析：open up 意思是“打开，打通，开展，开发”。Up表示某动作行为的完全结束，彻底完成。类似的短语还有：use up 用光 eat up 吃光burn up 烧光drink up 喝光 end up 结束。
2. probability n.
1.The probability of getting all the answers correct is about one in ten.
2.There's a high/strong probability (that) (= It is very likely that) she'll be here.
3.Until yesterday, the project was just a possibility, but now it has become a real probability.
Probable adj. Probably adv.
1. The probable cause of death was heart failure.
2. [+ that] It is probable that share prices will fall still further.股票的价格还会下降
比较： probable: adj. 很可能的，与likely意思相近，有时可以互换；possible的语气稍弱。他们各自的句型如下： It’s probable/possible for sb. to do sth.
It’s probable/possible that…
It’s likely that… sb./sth. is likely to do sth.
翻译： 他不大可能成功。：There is no probability _____ (for / of)his succeeding.
= There is no probability that he will succeed.
3. thin adj. (thinner, thinnest) 反义词 thick
1）a thin book thin black lines 薄书 /细黑线
2）adj. 瘦的 Thin, hungry dogs roared the streets.
3）Adj. 稀薄的 ，淡的 a thin soup
4）空乏的 ，拙劣的 a thin excuse 蹩脚的借口
v. （使）变淡、薄、稀少 (thinned ,thinning)
The clouds thinned and the moon shone through. 云层渐稀，透出月光.
4 . block
n. [C] 1) a block of wood/ice 一块
2) a block of tickets/seats/shares 一叠/排/大宗…
3) an office block 办公大楼
4) The museum is just six blocks away.有六个街区远
v. [T] 1）A fallen tree is blocking the road. 堵塞
2）My view was blocked by a tall man in front of me. 阻挡
3）She was very talented and I felt her parents were blocking her progress.妨碍
4）Tom’s shot was blocked by ther goalie(守门员) . 拦截，挡住（球）
5. length
n. 1) The boat is ten metres in length. 长…
2) a length of rope 细长的段
3) the length of a film/speech/play （时间）长达…
at length
1)长时间，详尽地：We have already discussed the matter at great length 。
2) 最终： At length, the authorities allowed her to go home.最终,当局允许她回家了.
6. note v. [T]
1) 注意到 =notice: They noted the consumers' growing demand for quicker service.
[+ (that)] Please note (that) we will be closed on Saturday.
[+ question word] Note how easy it is to release the catch quickly.
2)强调 [+ that] He said the weather was beyond our control, noting that last summer was one of the hottest on record.
n. [U] 笔记
3) make a note of … / take notes of… 记录…
Take note (of sth. ) = take notice of …注意到 Take note of what he said .
noted adj. famous
Summerhill school is noted for its progressive policies.
7. name v. [T]
1) 起名 命名
1.[+ two objects] We named our dogs 'Shandy' and 'Belle'.
2. A man named Dennis answered the door.一个自称Dennis的人来开门.
= A man _naming himself Dennis answered the door
= A man with the name of Dennis answered the door
3. The museum is named after the herio. 根据…命名
2) 说出…的名字
He couldn't name his attacker.
n. Please write your full name and address on the form.全名
3)确定,准确称述 : Name your price . 你给个价. Name the day for marriage. 定个日子
4) 任命,委任 : I had no hesitation in naming him as captain .
8. pure adj. 纯的 反义词：impure.
a pure cotton shirt 纯棉
purify v. 使净化，使纯净
1)Plants help to purify the air.
One of the functions of the kidneys is to purify the blood. 肾的功能之一是净化血液.
9. unable adj.
We were unable to contact him at the time.
able adj.
Will she be able to cope with the work
He's never been able to admit to his mistakes.
I'm sorry that I wasn't able to phone you yesterday.
It's so wonderful being able to see the sea from my window.
ability (POWER)
n. [C or U] There seems no reasons to doubt her ability.似乎没有理由怀疑她的能力
[+ to infinitive] She had the ability to explain things clearly and concisely.
She's a woman of considerable abilities. 她是个很有才能的人
be able to 不可以和can/could连用，可以和may/might连用；
10． Quantity n.
Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his possession. 大量/少量
We consumed vast quantities of food and drink that night. 大量
They are now developing ways to produce the vaccine in large quantities and cheaply. 大量
表示“许多”的词或短语如下：
1)修可数名词：many, a great/good many, quite a few, a large/great number of/numbers of, many a
2) 修饰不可数名词的：much, a great deal of, a large amount of/large amounts of
3) 既可以修饰可数又可以修饰不可数名词的：a lot of/lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of/large quantities of, a mass of, masses of
高考链接: We always keep _______ spare paper, in case we ran out. (2006浙江)
A. too much B. a number C. plenty of D. a good many
11．Wonder怀疑,想知道
v. 1) [+ question word]
He's starting to wonder whether/if he did the right thing in accepting this job.
2) [+ speech] Will this turkey be big enough for eight, I wonder
3) It’s no wonder that he passed the exam .
n. 1) [U] 好奇
The sight of the Grand Canyon stretching out before them filled them with wonder.
The boys gazed in wonder at the shiny red diamondi. 男孩好奇地盯者闪闪发光的红宝石.
2) [C usually plural] 奇迹
We spent a week visiting the wonders of Ancient Greek civilization.
3）[C] It has proved to be a wonder drug for sufferers of epilepsy. 神奇药
12．relief
n. [C or U] (病痛,忧虑,负担等的)减轻,宽慰,救济
an international relief operation 国际救济行动relief agencies/supplies救助机构 救济品
Acupuncture anaesthesia brought relief to the patient. 减轻痛苦
Pop stars have raised millions of pounds for famine relief in Africa. 饥荒救济
To my relief ,my son arrived home safely . 令我放心的是
Relieve
v. [T] 1) 减轻(病痛,忧虑,负担等); (使)缓解,宽慰; 救济
Emergency food aid to help relieve the famine. 缓解饥荒
2) 接替；给…换班:
I'm on duty until 2 p.m. and then Peter is coming to relieve me.
14．fundamental
adj. 基础的,根本的;至关重要的
Some understanding of grammar is fundamental to learning a language….是学习语言的基础
The school is based on the fundamental principle that each child should develop its full potential.
fundamentally adv. 根本上 完全的
Our new managing director has reorganized the company a bit, but nothing has fundamentally changed/altered. 没有任何实质上的改变
翻译: 我认为勤奋是成功之本。
：I think that hard work is fundamental to success.
15. put through
1) put sb. through (TELEPHONE)
Could you put me through to customer services, please
2) put sb. through sth. (BAD EXPERIENCE)
I'm sorry to put you through this ordea (磨难,严酷的考验).
16. decide on sth./sb. = make a decision on …
I've decided on blue for the bathroom.
17. look round (somewhere/sth.)
She spent the afternoon looking round the shops.
18. put off
put sth. off (DELAY)
1)The meeting has been put off for a week.
2) [+ ing form of verb] I can't put off going to the dentist any longer.
19. turn up 出现,露面;卷起
1) She turned up at my house late one night.
2) The missing letter eventually turned up inside a book
3) turn sth up (FOLD)
You could always turn the sleeves up.
20. fill in: 填写;填补
1) fill sth. in/out (WRITE)
to fill in a form/questionnaire
2) fill in (REPLACE)
Volunteers would fill in for teachers in the event of a strike.
I'm not her regular secretary - I'm just filling in..
21. split up切开;分割;分离;分担
Split (splitting, split, split) =divide
v. The prize was split between Susan and Kate.
Split the aubergines in half and cover with breadcrumbs.
The teacher split the children (up) into three groups.
split up : She split up with her boyfriend last week. 她上星期与难友分手了
22. enquiry 咨询,调查
n. [C or U] UK (US ALSO inquiry)
I've been making inquiries about/into the cost of a round-the-world ticket.
FORMAL Inquiry into the matter is pointless - no one will tell you anything.
23. handful 少量;一把
n. [S] a small number of people or things:
She invited loads of friends to her party, but only a handful of them turned up.
n. [C] an amount of something that can be held in one hand:
He pulled out a handful of coins from his pocket.
24. take down记下
1) He took down my address and phone number and said he'd phone back.
NOTE: 同义词组为 write down/put down
2) I've taken the pictures down.
25. detail 细节
n. [C] She insisted on telling me every single detail of what they did to her in hospital.
We don't know the full/precise details of the story yet.
in detail
We haven't discussed the matter in detail yet.
He talked in great detail about the curtains he's chosen for his lounge.
26. pleasure相关表达: with pleasure It’s my pleasure
Sb.take pleasure in doing sth.
Sb. do sth. for pleasure.
27. sharp adj. 尖的;突然的,急剧的;辛辣的;灵敏的
A sharp knife/claw锋利的刀/爪子 a sharp drop/increase in prices 价格急剧下降/上升
a sharp turn to the left 向左急转弯 She has a sharp tongue 说话尖刻
To have sharp eyes /ears /intelligence 有敏锐的…
adv. (用语表时间的后面,表示准时) 准
Please be here at seven o’colck sharp. 七点整到
Sharpen vt. 使变的锋利,明显,使尖锐,变的刺耳
The knife needs sharpening .到需要磨了
There is a need to sharpen the focus of the discussion.有必要使讨论的焦点更加集中
28. addiction n. [C or U] 上瘾,沉溺,入迷
drug addiction 有毒瘾 his addiction to alcohol 迷上了酒
addicted adj. 上瘾的,沉溺的,入迷的
By the age of 14 he was/became addicted to heroin.
I'm addicted to (= I very often eat/drink) chocolats.
I know that if I start watching a soap opera I immediately become hopelessly addicted.
addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
1) Tobacco is highly addictive.
2) These nuts are addictive - I can't stop eating them.
Addict n 入迷者 a drug addict 吸毒者
Vt.( 使)上瘾,沉溺,入迷 He can’t help addicting himself to computer games .
泗洪中学高二英语导学案Book 7U2
vocabularly 主备人：陈长娥 陈亮 王芳 审核：莫素芹
1. open up
1) 打开（门，容器等）
We're going to open up our kitchen by knocking down a couple of walls.打开
2) 开门 营业，开张
I open up the store for the day at around 8:30 . 我每天大约8:30开门
3) 直抒胸臆 畅所欲言
IT helps to discuss your problems but I find it hard to open up. 与人谈谈自己面临的问题固然有益，但我还是觉得很难说出口
翻译： 他们已经制定了开发这片土地的计划。
They have already made plans to _____ the land.
A.open B. open up
析：open up 意思是“打开，打通，开展，开发”。Up表示某动作行为的完全结束，彻底完成。类似的短语还有：use up 用光 eat up 吃光burn up 烧光drink up 喝光 end up 结束。
2. probability n.
1.The probability of getting all the answers correct is about one in ten.
2.There's a high/strong probability (that) (= It is very likely that) she'll be here.
3.Until yesterday, the project was just a possibility, but now it has become a real probability.
Probable adj. Probably adv.
1. The probable cause of death was heart failure.
2. [+ that] It is probable that share prices will fall still further.股票的价格还会下降
比较： probable: adj. 很可能的，与likely意思相近，有时可以互换；possible的语气稍弱。他们各自的句型如下： It’s probable/possible for sb. to do sth.
It’s probable/possible that…
It’s likely that… sb./sth. is likely to do sth.
翻译： 他不大可能成功。：There is no probability _____ (for / of)his succeeding.
= There is no probability that he will succeed.
3. thin adj. (thinner, thinnest) 反义词 thick
1）a thin book thin black lines 薄书 /细黑线
2）adj. 瘦的 Thin, hungry dogs roared the streets.
3）Adj. 稀薄的 ，淡的 a thin soup
4）空乏的 ，拙劣的 a thin excuse 蹩脚的借口
v. （使）变淡、薄、稀少 (thinned ,thinning)
The clouds thinned and the moon shone through. 云层渐稀，透出月光.
4 . block
n. [C] 1) a block of wood/ice 一块
2) a block of tickets/seats/shares 一叠/排/大宗…
3) an office block 办公大楼
4) The museum is just six blocks away.有六个街区远
v. [T] 1）A fallen tree is blocking the road. 堵塞
2）My view was blocked by a tall man in front of me. 阻挡
3）She was very talented and I felt her parents were blocking her progress.妨碍
4）Tom’s shot was blocked by ther goalie(守门员) . 拦截，挡住（球）
5. length
n. 1) The boat is ten metres in length. 长…
2) a length of rope 细长的段
3) the length of a film/speech/play （时间）长达…
at length
1)长时间，详尽地：We have already discussed the matter at great length 。
2) 最终： At length, the authorities allowed her to go home.最终,当局允许她回家了.
6. note v. [T]
1) 注意到 =notice: They noted the consumers' growing demand for quicker service.
[+ (that)] Please note (that) we will be closed on Saturday.
[+ question word] Note how easy it is to release the catch quickly.
2)强调 [+ that] He said the weather was beyond our control, noting that last summer was one of the hottest on record.
n. [U] 笔记
3) make a note of … / take notes of… 记录…
Take note (of sth. ) = take notice of …注意到 Take note of what he said .
noted adj. famous
Summerhill school is noted for its progressive policies.
7. name v. [T]
1) 起名 命名
1.[+ two objects] We named our dogs 'Shandy' and 'Belle'.
2. A man named Dennis answered the door.一个自称Dennis的人来开门.
= A man _naming himself Dennis answered the door
= A man with the name of Dennis answered the door
3. The museum is named after the herio. 根据…命名
2) 说出…的名字
He couldn't name his attacker.
n. Please write your full name and address on the form.全名
3)确定,准确称述 : Name your price . 你给个价. Name the day for marriage. 定个日子
4) 任命,委任 : I had no hesitation in naming him as captain .
8. pure adj. 纯的 反义词：impure.
a pure cotton shirt 纯棉
purify v. 使净化，使纯净
1)Plants help to purify the air.
One of the functions of the kidneys is to purify the blood. 肾的功能之一是净化血液.
9. unable adj.
We were unable to contact him at the time.
able adj.
Will she be able to cope with the work
He's never been able to admit to his mistakes.
I'm sorry that I wasn't able to phone you yesterday.
It's so wonderful being able to see the sea from my window.
ability (POWER)
n. [C or U] There seems no reasons to doubt her ability.似乎没有理由怀疑她的能力
[+ to infinitive] She had the ability to explain things clearly and concisely.
She's a woman of considerable abilities. 她是个很有才能的人
be able to 不可以和can/could连用，可以和may/might连用；
10． Quantity n.
Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his possession. 大量/少量
We consumed vast quantities of food and drink that night. 大量
They are now developing ways to produce the vaccine in large quantities and cheaply. 大量
表示“许多”的词或短语如下：
1)修可数名词：many, a great/good many, quite a few, a large/great number of/numbers of, many a
2) 修饰不可数名词的：much, a great deal of, a large amount of/large amounts of
3) 既可以修饰可数又可以修饰不可数名词的：a lot of/lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of/large quantities of, a mass of, masses of
高考链接: We always keep _______ spare paper, in case we ran out. (2006浙江)
A. too much B. a number C. plenty of D. a good many
11．Wonder怀疑,想知道
v. 1) [+ question word]
He's starting to wonder whether/if he did the right thing in accepting this job.
2) [+ speech] Will this turkey be big enough for eight, I wonder
3) It’s no wonder that he passed the exam .
n. 1) [U] 好奇
The sight of the Grand Canyon stretching out before them filled them with wonder.
The boys gazed in wonder at the shiny red diamondi. 男孩好奇地盯者闪闪发光的红宝石.
2) [C usually plural] 奇迹
We spent a week visiting the wonders of Ancient Greek civilization.
3）[C] It has proved to be a wonder drug for sufferers of epilepsy. 神奇药
12．relief
n. [C or U] (病痛,忧虑,负担等的)减轻,宽慰,救济
an international relief operation 国际救济行动relief agencies/supplies救助机构 救济品
Acupuncture anaesthesia brought relief to the patient. 减轻痛苦
Pop stars have raised millions of pounds for famine relief in Africa. 饥荒救济
To my relief ,my son arrived home safely . 令我放心的是
Relieve
v. [T] 1) 减轻(病痛,忧虑,负担等); (使)缓解,宽慰; 救济
Emergency food aid to help relieve the famine. 缓解饥荒
2) 接替；给…换班:
I'm on duty until 2 p.m. and then Peter is coming to relieve me.
14．fundamental
adj. 基础的,根本的;至关重要的
Some understanding of grammar is fundamental to learning a language….是学习语言的基础
The school is based on the fundamental principle that each child should develop its full potential.
fundamentally adv. 根本上 完全的
Our new managing director has reorganized the company a bit, but nothing has fundamentally changed/altered. 没有任何实质上的改变
翻译: 我认为勤奋是成功之本。
：I think that hard work is fundamental to success.
15. put through
1) put sb. through (TELEPHONE)
Could you put me through to customer services, please
2) put sb. through sth. (BAD EXPERIENCE)
I'm sorry to put you through this ordea (磨难,严酷的考验).
16. decide on sth./sb. = make a decision on …
I've decided on blue for the bathroom.
17. look round (somewhere/sth.)
She spent the afternoon looking round the shops.
18. put off
put sth. off (DELAY)
1)The meeting has been put off for a week.
2) [+ ing form of verb] I can't put off going to the dentist any longer.
19. turn up 出现,露面;卷起
1) She turned up at my house late one night.
2) The missing letter eventually turned up inside a book
3) turn sth up (FOLD)
You could always turn the sleeves up.
20. fill in: 填写;填补
1) fill sth. in/out (WRITE)
to fill in a form/questionnaire
2) fill in (REPLACE)
Volunteers would fill in for teachers in the event of a strike.
I'm not her regular secretary - I'm just filling in..
21. split up切开;分割;分离;分担
Split (splitting, split, split) =divide
v. The prize was split between Susan and Kate.
Split the aubergines in half and cover with breadcrumbs.
The teacher split the children (up) into three groups.
split up : She split up with her boyfriend last week. 她上星期与难友分手了
22. enquiry 咨询,调查
n. [C or U] UK (US ALSO inquiry)
I've been making inquiries about/into the cost of a round-the-world ticket.
FORMAL Inquiry into the matter is pointless - no one will tell you anything.
23. handful 少量;一把
n. [S] a small number of people or things:
She invited loads of friends to her party, but only a handful of them turned up.
n. [C] an amount of something that can be held in one hand:
He pulled out a handful of coins from his pocket.
24. take down记下
1) He took down my address and phone number and said he'd phone back.
NOTE: 同义词组为 write down/put down
2) I've taken the pictures down.
25. detail 细节
n. [C] She insisted on telling me every single detail of what they did to her in hospital.
We don't know the full/precise details of the story yet.
in detail
We haven't discussed the matter in detail yet.
He talked in great detail about the curtains he's chosen for his lounge.
26. pleasure相关表达: with pleasure It’s my pleasure
Sb.take pleasure in doing sth.
Sb. do sth. for pleasure.
27. sharp adj. 尖的;突然的,急剧的;辛辣的;灵敏的
A sharp knife/claw锋利的刀/爪子 a sharp drop/increase in prices 价格急剧下降/上升
a sharp turn to the left 向左急转弯 She has a sharp tongue 说话尖刻
To have sharp eyes /ears /intelligence 有敏锐的…
adv. (用语表时间的后面,表示准时) 准
Please be here at seven o’colck sharp. 七点整到
Sharpen vt. 使变的锋利,明显,使尖锐,变的刺耳
The knife needs sharpening .到需要磨了
There is a need to sharpen the focus of the discussion.有必要使讨论的焦点更加集中
28. addiction n. [C or U] 上瘾,沉溺,入迷
drug addiction 有毒瘾 his addiction to alcohol 迷上了酒
addicted adj. 上瘾的,沉溺的,入迷的
By the age of 14 he was/became addicted to heroin.
I'm addicted to (= I very often eat/drink) chocolats.
I know that if I start watching a soap opera I immediately become hopelessly addicted.
addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
1) Tobacco is highly addictive.
2) These nuts are addictive - I can't stop eating them.
Addict n 入迷者 a drug addict 吸毒者
Vt.( 使)上瘾,沉溺,入迷 He can’t help addicting himself to computer games .