2011-2012译林牛津英语高二下模块七Unit 3：重点词汇及短语总结一（U1）

2011-2012译林牛津英语高二下模块七Unit 3：重点词汇及短语总结一（U1）
U1 重点词汇及短语
review
[v.] 1. 复查或重新考虑2. 思考（往事）; 回顾 3. 写书评﹑ 影评 4. 复习（功课）
The government is reviewing the situation. 政府正在重新检讨形势。
review one's successes and failures 反省自己的成败
The play was well/favourably reviewed. 该剧受到好评。
The teacher asked us several questions to help us review what we learnt last week. 老师问了几个问题帮我们复习上周学过的内容。
[n.] 1. 复查; 重新考虑 2. 回顾; 述评 3. 书评﹑ 影评
The terms of the contract are subject to review. 合同的条款有待复查决定。
a review of the year's sport 全年体育活动回顾
The play got excellen reviews. 该剧受到极好的的评价。
be/come under review; be/come up for review在复查或重新考虑中
Our contracts are currently under review. 我们的合同正在复查。
broadcast
[v.] (pt, pp broadcast) 1.（用无线电或电视）播送（节目）2. 宣布
broadcast a concert live 现场直播音乐会
broadcast one's views 表明自己的观点
[n.]（无线电或电视的）广播节目
CNN’s live broadcast of the trial CNN对审判进行的现场直播
superior
[adj.] 1. 优秀的; 优等的2. （比某人/物）好的﹑ 强的 3. 级别或地位较高的 4. (derog 贬) 有优越感的
a girl of superior intelligence 智力出众的女孩子
a superior court 最高法院
The match will show who is the superior player. 这场比赛就能看出谁是强手。
Don't be so superior! 别自以为了不起!
be superior (to sb/sth)
She works well with those superior to her in the firm. 她与公司中的上级主管合作愉快。
Your computer is far superior to mine. 你的计算机比我的高级多了。
1. 级别﹑地位...高的人; 上级; 长官 2. 较好的人或事物
obey one's superiors 服从上级.
She is my superior in knowledge. 她比我有知识。
[n.] superiority (in sth) (to/over sth/sb)优秀; 优越; 优胜
the superiority of one thing to another 一事物之优于另一事物
They won the battle because of their massive superiority in numbers. 他们人数远占优势而战斗获胜。
反义词 inferior， 用法相同。
wind
[V.] (pt, pp wound)
1. （使某物）沿弧形的﹑ 弯曲的或旋转的路线前进 2. 将（绳﹑ 毛线﹑ 纱等）缠绕成球或缠绕在轴上 3. 转动（把手﹑ 绞车等）
The river winds down to the sea. 这条河蜿蜒流向大海。
wind wool (up) into a ball 把毛线缠成团
You operate the mechanism by winding this handle. 操纵这台机器要转动这个把手。
wind sth round sb/sth; wind sb/sth in sth 将某物紧紧缠绕住某人/物; 将某人/物包在某物中
wind a bandage round one's finger 用绷带包住手指
wind a shawl round the baby/the baby in a shawl 用围巾裹住幼儿
wind sth (up) （尤指钟表）上发条
Have you wound your watch 你的表上发条了吗
wind sth back, down, forward, in, off, on, up（转动把手或卷轴等）使某物沿某方向移动
wind a tape back/forward/on 把带子向後/向前/继续卷绕
wind a car window down/up 把汽车窗摇下去/上来
record
[n.] 1.（对事实﹑ 事件等的）记录; 记载 2.（已知的有关某人/某事物过去的）事实﹑ 事件等 3. 唱片 4. 记录（尤指体育运动）
a record of road accidents交通事故记录
make/keep a record of one's expenses 记自己开支的帐
have a (previous) criminal `record有前科
put on/play some records 放一些唱片
hold/ beatbreak a record保持/打破一项记录
[V.] 1. 记录; 记载（事实或事件）2. 将（声音或图像）保存在磁盘或磁带上以便重放; 录（音）; 录（像）3. （指测量仪器）标明或显示（某事物）; 自动记下
record progress/developments记载进展/发展等情况
record music from the radio 录下无线电广播中的音乐
The thermometer recorded 40C. 温度计上显示出40C。
apply
(pt, pp applied)
apply (to sb) (for sth)申请; 请求
apply for a job / passport申请工作/护照
apply to the publishers for permission to reprint an extract 向出版者请求准予转印节录
2. apply sth (to sth) 贴; 敷; 涂; 搽
apply the glue to both surfaces 两面都涂上胶水
使（法律等）实施或生效; 应用; 运用
apply a law/rule/precept 执行法律规则/规程
apply (to sb/sth)（与某人/某物）有关; 有效; 适用
What I have said applies only to some of you. 我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分人。
apply oneself/sth (to sth/doing sth)集中精力; 专心
You will only pass your exams if you really apply yourself (to your work). 你只有真正专心致志（用功）, 考试才能及格。
6．apply sth (to sth)运用, 应用某事物
The results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology. 这项研究成果能应用於新的技术开发方面。
application [n.]

degree
[ n.] 1. 度数（角的量度单位）/（温度的量度单位）2. 学位3. 程度
Water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit (32 F) or zero/nought degrees Celsius (0 C). 水结成冰的温度是32华氏度（32℉）或零摄氏度（0℃）。
take a degree in law/a law degree 获得法律学位
To what degree was he involved in the crimes 他在多大程度上参与了这些犯罪活动
I agree with you to some/a certain degree. 我在某种程度上同意你的意见。
spring
[v.] (pt sprang, pp sprung) 蹦; 跃起; 跳出
spring out of bed 一跃下床
sprang (up) from his seat （他）从座位上一跃而起
spring back（被推﹑ 折弯等後）弹回到原来的位置
The branch sprang back and hit me in the face. 树枝弹回来打在我脸上。
spring from sth发源於某事物; 来自某事物
Hatred often springs from fear. 仇恨常常源於恐惧。
spring up迅速地或突然地出现﹑ 发展﹑ 生长等
weeds springing up everywhere 很快长得到处都是的杂草
New houses were springing up all over the town. 全镇各处很快盖起了新房子。
delight
[n.] 1. [U] 高兴; 快乐; 愉快 2. [C] 使人高兴的原因
To our great delight, the day turned out fine. 我们感到高兴的是天气转晴了。
Her singing is a delight. 她的歌声使人快乐。
take delight in sth/doing sth以某事物/做某事为乐（尤指残忍的事或坏事）
He takes great delight in proving others wrong. 他的极大乐趣是证实别人错了。
[v. ] 给（某人）乐趣; 使愉快
Her singing delighted everyone. 她的歌声使大家很愉快。
delight in sth/doing sth 以某事物为乐（常为残忍的事）; 喜好某事物
He delights in teasing his younger sister. 他以戏弄他妹妹为乐。
delighted [adj.]
be delighted (at sth/to do sth/that...)非常高兴的; 愉快的
a delighted smile/ look 愉快的微笑/样子
I'm delighted at your success/to hear of your success/that you succeeded. 我对你的成功/听到你成功的消息/对你已获成功感到很高兴。
variety
[n.] 变化; 多变（性）; 多样（化）
We all need variety in our diet. 我们都需要饮食多样化。
a variety show综艺节目
a variety of sth若干不同的事物（的混合）
He left for a variety of reasons. 他由於种种原因而离开了。
a large/wide variety of patterns to choose from 可供选择的种类繁多的花样
various [adj.], vary [v.]
assume
[v.] 1. 假定; 假设; 设想; 以为
We cannot assume anything in this case. 在这种情形下我们无法作任何揣测。
I am assuming that the present situation is going to continue. 我认为目前的情况将会继续下去。
We must assume him to be innocent until he is proved guilty. 尚未证实他有罪, 就得假定他是清白的。
assuming that 如果， 假设
We can all leave together assuming (that) the others aren't late. 我们大家可以一起走--假定其他人不耽搁的话。
2. 装作; 装出; 假装
assume ignorance, indifference假装不知情﹑ 装作不在乎
开始从事; 承担; 担任
assume office 就职
He assumes his new responsibilities next month. 他下月承担新任务。
assumed [adj] 假装的; 假的
living under an assumed name 使用假名字活着
accompany
[v.] (pt, pp -nied) 伴随或跟随（某人）; 陪伴
I must ask you to accompany me to the police station. 我得要求你陪我去一趟警察分局。
be accompanied by/with sth 1. 与某事物同时存在或发生 2. 兼带; 附有
strong winds accompanied by heavy rain 狂风夹着暴雨
Each application should be accompanied by a stamped addressed envelope. 每份申请书均须附回邮信封﹑ 贴上邮票﹑ 写好地址。
anyhow
[adv. ] 1. 无论如何; 即使如此; 至少 2. 随随便便地; 杂乱无章地
It's too late now, anyhow. 无论如何现在已经太迟了。
Anyhow, you can try. 至少你可以试试。
The books were lying on the shelves just anyhow. 书都乱放在书架上。
familiar
[adj.]
be familiar with sth 1. 对某事物熟悉; 通晓 2. 友好的; 不拘礼节的
facts with which every schoolboy is familiar小学生都熟悉的事实
She greeted them by their first names in a familiar way. 她和他们打招呼时亲切地直呼其名。
be familiar (to sb)为（某人）所熟知的; 经常见到或听到的
facts that are familiar to every schoolboy 小学生都熟悉的事实
the familiar scenes of one's childhood 儿时常见的情景
weigh
[ v. ] 1. 称（某物）的重量
He weighed himself on the bathroom scales. 他在浴室的磅秤上称体重。
2. 测出重量
How much do you weigh 你体重多少 I weigh 60 kilos. 60公斤。
3. 仔细考虑某事物的相对价值或重要性等; 权衡; 斟酌
weighing the pros and cons 权衡正反两方面的意见
weigh sth (up) 仔细考虑某事物
weigh (up) the consequences of an action慎重考虑一行动的后果
weigh (with sb) (against sb/sth) （评定某人/某事物时）被（某人）认为重要
His criminal record weighed heavily against him (with the jury). （陪审团）认为他的前科关系重大。
weigh sb down使某人感到忧虑或沮丧
The responsibilities of the job are weighing her down. 她工作责任很重把她压得无精打采。
weigh one's words 斟酌词句; 推敲
I must weigh my words to avoid any misunderstanding. 我须字斟句酌免生误解。
weight [n.]
measure
[v.]
1. weigh (sth) (up)量度; 测量（某物）
First measure (it) up, then cut the timber to the correct length.
2. (fig 比喻)估计; 衡量; 判定
It's hard to measure his ability when we haven't seen his work. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的能力。
3. 为（某体积﹑ 长度﹑ 容积等）
The room measures 10 metres across. 这房间宽10米。
4. 仔细考虑（某事物）
She failed to measure the effect of her actions on her family. 她未虑及其行为对家庭的影响。
weigh sth against/with sth/sb（通过竞争﹑ 冲突等）考验某事物, 较量
measure one's strength against sb else 跟别人比力气
[n.]
1. 计量制; 量度法; 计量单位
Which measure of weight do pharmacists use 药剂师用哪一种计量制
The metre is a measure of length. 米是长度单位.
2. [通常作复数] 措施; 步骤; 办法
The authorities took measures to prevent tax fraud. 当局已采取措施防止偷税漏税。
guarantee
[n.] 1.（交易的）保证, 保证书 2.（作为保证物的）契据﹑ 财产等; 抵押品
The watch comes with a year's guarantee 这手表保修一年。
What guarantee can you offer ' `I can offer my house as a guarantee.' 你用什麽做抵押 我可以拿房子抵押。
give a guarantee (of sth/that...) 对……给予保证
[ v .] 1. 担保某事物; 保证 2. 承诺对（某事）负法律责任; 保证; 担保3. 承担（所购物品）的修理费
We guarantee to deliver within a week. 我们保证一周内送到。
guarantee sb's debts/the payment of sb's debts 为某人的债务作保
a clock guaranteed for one year against mechanical failure or faulty workmanship 对机械故障或制造缺陷有一年保修的钟
expose 1
[ v.] 1. 显露或露出（某事物）; 显示 2. 揭露（秘密）; 揭穿; 揭发3. 使（胶片等）曝光
When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth. 他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。
expose a plot, project, plan, crime, scandal etc 揭露阴谋﹑ 方案﹑ 计划, 罪行﹑ 丑闻等
expose a reel of film 使一卷胶卷曝光.
expose sth/sb/oneself (to sth)
expose one's skin to the sun 使皮肤暴露於阳光下
The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain. 婴儿被离弃於风雨之中。
[ n.] 叙述, 报道（尤指令人震惊的或曾故意保密的）
an expose of corruption within the government 揭露政府内部腐败情况的报道
equal
[adj.]（大小﹑ 数量﹑ 价值﹑ 程度﹑ 状况等）相同的, 相等的
Women are demanding equal pay for equal work. 妇女要求同工同酬（与男人一样）。
be equal to sth/doing sth 对某事物能胜任
She feels equal to the task. 她认为能胜任该项工作.
He doesn't seem equal to meeting our demands. 他似乎不太合乎我们的要求。
[ n.] 和自己相当的人或事物
He's my equal in strength. 他和我力气一样大。
[v. ] (-ll-) (US -l-)
equal sb/sth (in sth) be equal to sb/sth 与某人/物相同或相等:
equal the Olympic record 平奥运会纪录
equality [n.]平等
Women are still struggling for true equality with men. 妇女仍在争取与男人真正平等。
link
[n.] 关系; 联系
Police suspect there may be a link between the two murders. 警方怀疑这两起谋杀案可能有关联。
commercial, cultural, diplomatic, etc links (between two countries) （两国间的）商业﹑ 文化﹑ 外交等的往来
[v.]
link A with B/ A and B (together); link sth (up)将人或物连接或联系起来
Television stations around the world are linked by satellite. 全世界的电视台通过卫星联系一起。
a new road to link (up) the two motorways 连接两条高速公路的新路
link up (with sb/sth) 连接; 结合
The two spacecraft will link up (with each other) in orbit. 两艘宇宙飞船将於轨道上（互相）连接。
A is linked to B 与……有关
Smoking is linked to several diseases. 吸烟与多种疾病有。
Profit1
[n.] 1.（财务上的）收益; 利润2.（企业等的）赢利; （尤指）纯利润 3. 利益; 好处
There's no profit in running a cinema in this town. 这个镇里电影院是无利可图的。
The company has declared an increase in profits/increased profits. 该公司宣布利润增加。
You could with profit spend some extra time studying the text. 你多花点时间学习课文是有好处的。
[v.] 从（经验﹑ 失误等）中吸取教益
He's getting married again, after two divorces, so he obviously hasn't profited by his experiences. 他两次离婚之後又结婚, 显然没有吸取以往的教训。
profit from sth得益於某事物; 得到某事物的帮助
He profited greatly from his year abroad. 他在国外一年获益匪浅。
I have profited from your advice. 你的建议对我很有好处。
短语
1. in the last few decades在近数十年里
2. contribute to=make contributions to
贡献给..,有助于
contribute… to投稿; 捐献
3. provide sb. with sth=provide sth for sb
为某人提供
4. have access to可以接近
have access to 200 channels 可以接受200个频道
5.come onto the market面市
6. be associated with.. 把结合起来,联合
7.electronic dictionary电子词典
9. be superior to比...优越，超过
be inferior to劣于..
bine...with...把...连接到,和…相结合
11.wind up by hand由手来上发条
12. make a record of录制
play a record 播放唱片
14. lead to导致,引导,通向
15. to some /a certain degree在某种程度上
16. spring up涌现,突然出现
17. take over接管,接手,接任
take over the market占领市场
18. a variety of多种多样的
19. to one’s delight令某人高兴的是
20. conduct a study/survey开展研究/调查
21. up to date最新的,最近的
22.be capable of/that能够
23.in that case在那种情况下
24..consider sth
take sth. into consideration
consider doing考虑
consider sth/sb. to be/as认为…是…
be considered to be/as
25.keep in touch with 保持联系
get in touch with 取得联系
lose touch with 失去联系
be in touch/be out of touch 取得/失去联系
26.apply sth to doing sth 把…应用于
apply for sth 申请
apply oneself to 专心于,埋头于
27.add to 增添，添加
add…to…把…加在…
add up to 加起来总共
add up 相加
28. It’s uncertain who/when/where…
It be +时间+ before…用了多少时间
29. for military use 用于军事
30. it is up to sb. to do sth. 做…由某人决定
31. sb. be up to sth.某人忙于某事.
32. by means of通过...方式
33. keep in mind记住,牢记
34. all sorts of different functions 各种不同的功能
35. bring great convenience and delight to people’s lives
给人民的生活带来极大的方便和快乐
36. set/establish international standard for
37. previous to this在此之前
38. do sth. by accident/mistake误做了某事
39. for the time being暂时,目前
40. in time for及时赶上
41. be suitable for适合某人
42. head for向...前进
43.can be used without caution 可被放心使用