冀教版英语八年级上册Unit 1 Me and My Class Lesson 4 Best Friend知识点详解自主探究学案(无答案）

Lesson 4 Best Friend
自主预习
1.找出下列短语，并牢记。
two peas in a pod __________ 花时间做某事__________
to one’s surprise ___________ no way __________
at the end of _________ 达成协议__________________
2.翻译下列句子。并注意黑体部分短语的使用。
(1) That way, he could spend more time playing basketball.
________________________________.
(2) But to his surprise, Patrick didn’t agree.
______________________________________.
(3) At the end of the game, the two friends looked at each other.
_______________________________________________.
(4) One day, the two best friends stopped talking to each other.
____________________________________________________.
(5)That day, the two boys made a deal.
合作探究
One day，the two best friends stopped talking to each other.一天，这两个最好的朋友互不说话了。
stop doing sth.停止做某事
[易混辨析]stop doing sth.与stop to do sth.
stop doing sth.指"停止正在做的事情"。
stop to do sth.指"停止正在做的事去做另外一件事"。
She stopped talking when she heard the song.听到这首歌的时候她 。
Although the doctor was very tired, he didn't stop to have a rest.尽管这位医生很累，但是他并没有 。
例1 (湘潭中考)Sometimes you have to stop too much and just go where your heart takes you.
A. think B. to think C. thinking
2.Grant wanted to copy Patrick's homework.兰特想抄帕特里克的作业.
copy v. 抄袭，作弊;抄写，复制
n.复制品
[用法详解]
copy作动词，意为"抄袭, 作弊;抄写，复制" ,其过去式和过去分词均为 ,第三人称单数形式为 。
copy sth. down 表示" " , copy sb’s sth.表示” 。
He copied the book immediately.他马上复印了那本书。
The students copied the exercises down in their notebooks. 学生把练习题抄在了他们的笔记本上。
copy作名词，意为"复制品" ,它还可表示"(书、报纸等的)一份"。
a copy of 意为"一份 ....”
Sandra sent me a copy of the letter.桑德拉把那封信的复印本寄给了我。
I bought a opy of USA Today. 我买了一份《今日美国》。
[拓展延伸]copy作动词,还可意为"仿效,模仿"。
Elephants learn by watching and copying other elephants, and also learn from life. 大象通过观察和!模仿其他大象来学习，也从生活中学习。
3. That way, he could spend more time playing basketball. 那样的话，他就能有更多的时间打篮球了。
that way那样，用那种方法
[用法详解]that way前省略了介词in,通常在句中作状语。
We can solve the problem( in) that way.我们可以用那种方法解决这个问题。
spend some time ( in) doing sth.
[用法详解]该结构意为"花费...时间做某事" ,其中介词in可省略。
我表姐每周花两个小时的时间学京剧。
.
[拓展延伸] spend some time/money on sth. 意为"花费....时间/金钱在....上”。
The girl spends a thousand dollars on her study every year.这个女孩每年在学习上花费1 000美元。
例2用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
(宿迁中考) Millie spends about two hours ( finish) her homework every day.
4.But to his surprise,Patrick didn’t agree. 但令他吃惊的是，帕特里克不同意。
[易混辨析]surprised与surprising
surprise /s'pra1z/ n
作可数名词,意想不到的事;
Give me a chance, and I will bring you a surprise.给我一个机会,我将带给你一份惊喜。
不可数名词.意为"惊奇,惊讶"。
to one's surprise让某人吃惊的是 in surprise吃惊地
让我感到吃惊的是,他通过了考试。
.
到这个消息后那位女士吃惊地跳了起来。
.
动词，意为"使惊奇"。后面常接sb. 作宾语。
她竟吃了这么多,把自已都给惊着了。
.
（2）surprised意为”感到惊讶的" ,多指人的内在感受。
be surprised at意为"对....感到吃惊",
be surprised to do sth.意为"对做某事感到吃惊"。
（3）surprising意为"令人惊奇的" ,强调人或事物自身的属性、特征。
语境串记
, the boy wasn't at the news.
让我感到惊奇的是,这个男孩并没有对那个令人惊讶的消息感到惊讶。
[考向点拨]
对于surprise,在中考中通常有两种考查形式:一是考查短语to one's surprise以及in surprise与其他短语的辩析;二是以填空题的形式考查surprise 的词形变化,我们要弄清surprised 与surprising 之间的区别,并且要熟记短语be surprised at。
典例3 (山西中考改编)-How was your life in England?
-Quite different from the life here.____, people there drink tea with milk.
A. In my opinion B. To my surprise C. At the beginning
5.”What a friend!"Grant said angrily.格兰特生气地说: "你算什么朋友! "
angrily adv. 愤怒地，生气地
[用法详解]angrily作副词，在句中作状语，修饰动词said。
He left the classroom angrily.他生气地离开了教室。
[拓展延伸]angry为形容词，意为"生气的,愤怒的"，可用在系动词之后。
be angry sb.意为"生某人的气"
be angry sth.意为"对某事感到生气”。
Lily is quite angry Tom, because he broke her favourite cup. 莉莉非常生汤姆的气,因为他打碎了她最喜欢的杯子。
He is angry the news.听到这个消息他很生气。
6. I won't lend you my homework.我不会把我的作业借给你。
lend /lend/ v. 偕给(某人钱或东西)
[易混辨析]lend,borrow与keep
lend指"借出",表示“把某物借给某人,为非延续性动词。其过去式和过去分词为 ； .
lend sth. to sb. =lend sb. sth. 意为
borrow指"借入"，表示向某人借某物" ,为非延续性动词。其过去式和过去分词为 ； .
borrow sth.from sb. 意为
keep指"保留,保存"，常与"for +时间段"连用,为延续性动词。其过去式和过去分词为 ； .
-Jason, can I your bike? 贾森，我可以借用你的自行车吗?
-0f course. You can it for a week, but you can't it to others. 当然可以。你可以用一周时间，但是你不能把它借给别人。
典例?(淮安中考) - How long can a person a shared bike(共享单车) for free in Nanjing?
—For an hour.
A. keep B. get C. borrow D. lend
7. That afternoon, they parted and went their own ways. 那天下午，他们分开了，各走各的路。
part v.离开，分别
He gave me the file and we parted.他给了我那个文件夹，而后我们就分别了。
[拓展延伸]part还可作名词,意为"部分;地区，区域;参与,参加;角色"。
play a part in...意为" ....中扮演角色,...中起作用"。
In parts of Canada, French is the first language.在加拿大的部分地区,法语是第一语言。
Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.每个人都应尽自己的一份力拯救地球。
8.In the following days, they both felt bad.在接下来的几天里，他们都觉得很糟糕。
[用法详解]both在此处作代词,在句中作they 的同位语。both常位于实义动词之前,be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。both of...意为....两者都"，该结构作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
We are both students.我们两个都是学生。
Both of them like listening to rock music. 他们两个人都喜欢听摇滚乐。
[易混辨析] both, all 与either
both指"两个，两者
The pictures are both beautiful.这两幅画都很漂亮。
all指”三者或三者以上都"
All of the students are here.所有的学生都在这儿。
either指" (两者中的)任何一个"。
Either of you will go to Beijing.
你们两个人中有一个要去北京。
[拓展延伸] both... and...意为..... ....都",用于连接并列成分,该结构在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Both Beijing and Shanghai are big cities. 北京和上海都是大城市。
Kate can both dance and sing. 凯特既会跳舞又会唱歌。
典例5 (2018. 东营中考改编) The Chinese Skyeye and High-speed Train interest people a lot because of them are leading the world in science and technology.
A. both B. all C. either
9.A few days later, there was a school basketball game.几天后，学校有一场篮球比赛。
[易混辨析] few, a few, little 与a little
few修饰 名词复数,表示 意义。
a few修饰 名词复数,表示 意义。
little修饰 名词，表示 意义。
a little修饰 名词,表示 意义。
语境串记
Yesterday I took an important test. At the beginning of the test, I was very nervous. Then I spent time breathing deeply. After that I felt better.In the last few minutes, I found mistakes and corrected them. After doing this, there was time left. Today, the results came out. I found people did better than me.昨天我参加了一个重要的测试。在测试刚开始时，我很紧张。于是我花了点儿时间深呼吸。在那之后我感觉好多了。测试结束前的几分钟里,我发现了几处错误并且改正了它们。等我改完，测试也差不多结束了。今天成绩出来了。我发现没有几个人考得比我好。
例6(重庆中考A卷)The physics problem is too hard, so students can work it out.
A. Little B. few C. a little D. a few .
10. At the end of the game, the two friends looked at each other.比赛结束时，这两位朋友互相看了看对方。
[易混辨析]at the end of, by the end of与in the end
at the end of...在....末，在.....尽头既可以指时间又可以指空间。
by the end of...到....为止,含有"不迟....的意味，只能指时间。
In the end 最后,终于,只能指时间,在意义上与 , 相似
A forest fire broke out at the end of March in Liangshan, Sichuan Province. 3月底,四川省凉山州发生了森林火灾。(选自2019泰州中考第11题)
在路的尽头有一家商店。
.这个周末前给我回信。
In the end, we found their house.最后,我们找到了他们的房子。
11. Grant immediately came over and held out his hand.格兰特马上走过来并伸出了手。
hold out伸出手(或胳膊)，递出东西
I held out my hand to help her up.我伸出手扶起她。
He held out the keys and I took them.他递出钥匙,我接了过来。
[拓展延伸]
(1)hold out还可意为"维持,坚持"。
How long will our food supplies hold out?我们的食物补给还能维持多久?
hold on 意为" (电话用语)别挂断;坚持住,挺住"。
Hold on, please. Mr. Brown is coming.请别挂断电话,布朗先生这就来了。
They managed to hold on until help arrived.他们勉强坚持到救援到来。
I want to be your friend, not your enemy.我想做你的朋友，而不是你的敌人。
enemy n.敌人，仇人
[用法详解]enemy作可数名词，其复数形式为 。enemy是以元音音素开头的单词,其前的不定冠词应用 。
Cats and dogs have always been natural enemies. 猫和狗向来是天敌。
[拓展延伸] make an enemy of sb.意为"与某人为敌"。
I don't want to make an enemy of anybody. 我不想与任何人为敌。
13. That day the two boys made a deal.那天,这两个男孩达成了协议。
make a deal达成协议
[用法详解]make a deal意“达成协议" ,deal在此处作名词，意为"交易,协议"。
make a deal with sb.意为"与某人达成协议"。
It’s a deal! 成交/就这么办吧
It’s no big deal.不要紧/没关系
I'll try to make a deal with him.我将尽力和他达成协议。
[拓展延伸]deal with 意为"处理，应付" ,常与how搭配使用。
do with为deal with的同义表达,do with常与what搭配使用。
= 我不知道如何处理这笔钱。