★语法精讲★
(一)名词所有格
①I will go to my grandparents' home.我会去我的祖父母家。(教材P34)
②Red is Li Ming's favourite colour.红色是李明最喜欢的颜色。(教材P38)
语法概述:名词所有格表示人或事物的所属关系,意为”…的”。名词所有格有’s所有格和of所有格两种形式。
考向①'s 所有格
's所有格多用于有生命的“人/动物”。其构成规则/用法如下:
规则/用法
示例
单数名词或不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加-'s
my father's car我爸爸的车
Jane's English books简的英
语书
Women's Day妇女节
以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’ Teachers' Day 教师节
the twins' father这对双胞胎的父亲
以-s结尾的人名,在词尾加-'s或者’ Charles's book/Charles' book
查尔斯的书
表示各自的所有关系时,各个名词词尾均要加-'s Lucy's and Lily's rooms 露西和莉莉各自的房间
表示共同所有关系时,在最后一个名词的末尾加-’s Lucy and Lily's room 露西和莉莉共有的房间
用于表示店铺、医院、住宅等。此时,所有格后的名词常常省略 the doctor's(office)诊所
my uncle's(house)我叔叔家
用于表示时间、距离、国家等的名词后 twenty minutes' ride二十分钟的车程
China's capital中国的首都
考向②of 所有格
of所有格常用于无生命的”事物"。
a map of the world一张世界地图
the windows of the room 房间的窗户
2)of所有格有时也可用于有生命的"人/动物”来表示所有关系。
the name of the cat 这只猫的名字
the arrival of the boy 男孩的到来
【拓展延伸】如果被修饰的名词前有不定冠词、不定代词类限定词、指示形容词、数词等,其后的定语一般要用双重所有格。双重所有格包括”of+名词所有格”和
"of+名词性物主代词"。
of+名词所有格 This is a bag of my mother's.这
是我妈妈的一个包。
of+名词性物主代词
Is she a daughter of yours?她是
你的一个女儿吗?
典例1:(郴州中考)—Who's the woman under the tree?
—She's______________aunt.
A.Kelly and Joe's
B.Kelly's and Joe
C.Kelly's and Joe's
典例2;(2018·重庆中考B卷)-How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang?
—It's about two______________ride by high-speed train.
A.hour B.hour's
C.hours D.hours
(二)when引导的时间状语从句
①When they arrived,her grandfather opened the door.当他们到达时,祖父开了门。(教材P40)
②When I first came here,everything was different.我刚来这里时,所有的一切都很陌生的。(教材P40)
语法概述:一般来说,时间状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句谓语动作发生时间的状语从句。when引导的时间状语从句多表示”当……的时候"。
考向①从句的位置
when引导的时间状语从句既可以位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。当从句在前时,主从句之间通常要用逗号隔开。
I'll call you when he comes back.= When he comes back,I'll call you.他回来时我会给你打电话。
考向②从句中的谓语动词
when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词,且从句中的动作既可和主句的动作同时发生,又可在主句的动作之前或
之后发生。
When I got home,my father was working in the study.
当我到家的时候,我爸爸正在书房工作。
When I lived in the village,I used to go fishing on weekends.当我住在那个村子里时,周末我常去钓鱼。
考向③主从句的时态
1)当主句为一般将来时态时,从句常用一般现在时表示将来。
I will think of you when I wear it.当我穿上它时我会想起你。
2)当主句为祈使句时,从句常用一般现在时。
Please tell him about it when you see him again.
当你再次看到他时,请告诉他这件事。
3)当主句为一般现在时态时,从句也常用现在的时态。
I often think of my grandpa when I see the picture.
当我看到这张照片时,我常常想起我的爷爷。
4)当主句为过去时态时,从句也常用过去的某种时态。
When I came in,he was watching TV.当我进来的时候,他正在看电视。
典例:(兰州中考)When you ________me last night,I_________the piano.
A. were calling; was playing
B.were calling;played
C.called;played
D.called;was playing
★专题训练★
1 . ________mother can't come to the meeting because she is in Beijing now.
A.Sally's and Jane
B.Sally and Jane's
C.Sally's and Jane's
D.Sally and Jane
2 .(天水中考)The online shop sells________shoes at a very low price.
A. child and men's
B. children and men's
C.children's and men
D. children's and men's
3.(贺州中考)Today is September 10th.It's________Day. Let's say"Thank you" to our teachers.
A.Teacher's B.the Teachers'
C.Teachers D.Teachers'
4.(福建中考)The students were singing happily________I passed the school hall.
A.when B.unless C.though
5.(长沙中考改编)—Your coat fits you well.
—Thank you,I________it when I was on vacation.
A.have bought B.buy
C.bought D.am buying
6.(2018·益阳中考)I________some washing when you called me last night.
A.was doing B.am doing C.were doing
参考答案:1-5 BDDAC 6.A