2021届高考英语阅读之长难句分析与练习（十二）含答案

2021高考英语阅读之长难句分析与练习（十二）
Exercise
1：长难句分析
1.
It
is
difficult
to
measure
the
quantity
of
paper
used
as
a
result
of
use
of
Internet-connected
computers,
although
just
about
anyone
who
works
in
an
office
can
tell
you
that
when
e-mail
is
introduced,
the
printers
start
working
overtime.
【句式翻译】
【句式分析】
【词语点拨】measure
n.
尺寸；措施；手段
vt.
&
vi.
测量；有……长（宽、高等）：
【语法点拨】1）动词不定式to
do作主语
doing作宾语，
2.
In
the
last
three
years,
Indonesia
has
had
a
rough
time,
suffering
several
killer
quakes
and
it
is
still
recovering
from
the
Asian
tsunami
caused
by
an
offshore
earthquake
on
December
26th,
2004.
【句式翻译】
【句式分析】
【词语点拨】1)rough
adj.艰难的；粗糙的
这本书用粗糙的黄纸印刷。
他们航行在太平洋上，处境艰难。
2)
recover
v.
恢复
你吃什么灵丹妙药，好得这样快?
还要一些时间我才能完全恢复体力。
【语法点拨】doing作状语
3.
The
children
played
in
the
courtyards
and
because
of
the
hutongs,
courtyards
were
joined
together
for
miles
around
creating
a
network
of
people
working,
playing
and
living
together—a
real
community.
【句式翻译】
【句式分析】
【词语点拨】join
v.
连接；参加
你千万不可把电线连接在水管上。
所有的家人同我一道祝你未来幸福。
He
reported
the
case
to
the
police
and
then
sat
there,
lost
and
lonely
in
a
strange
city,
thinking
of
the
terrible
troubles
of
getting
all
the
paperwork
organized
again
from
a
distant
country
while
trying
to
settle
down
in
a
new
one.
【解析】
【翻译】
5.
The
moments
when
I
think
cooking
is
a
pain
are
when
I’m
already
hungry
and
there’s
nothing
ready
to
eat.
【解析】
【翻译】
Exercise
2：阅读练习
One
of
the
first
things
you
may
see
when
you
enter
Clever
Criminals
and
Daring
Detectives
is
a
wall
of
extremely
strange
words:Peg
tantrums.Tip
the
velvet.Potatoe
trap.What
could
these
expressions
mean?
These
colorful
idioms
come
from
A
Dictionary
of
the
Slang
and
Cant
Languages
by
George
Andrewes(1809).“Cant”
may
refer
to
a
dialect
or
even
a
coded
(加密的)
language
used
by
a
group,particularly
if
members
of
that
group
want
to
keep
their
meaning
hidden
from
outsiders.As
you
can
imagine,people
who
operate
on
the
shady
side
of
society—thieves,beggars—would
have
good
reason
to
make
their
conversation
difficult
to
understand
to
casual
listeners.
Andrewes’
cant
dictionary
was
published
with
the
author’s
firm
intention
to
“expose”
the
language
of
criminals
with
the
aim
of
“the
easier
detection
of
their
crimes.”
It’s
less
clear
how
this
would
work
in
practice;I
can’t
help
but
imagine
some
detectives
walking
around
the
less
fashionable
addresses
in
London
with
the
cant
dictionary
in
hand,stealthily
turning
over
the
pages
to
keep
up
with
an
overheard
criminal
plan.But
this
would
have
proved
an
ineffective
means
of
detecting
criminals,as
Andrewes’
definitions
were
taken
almost
word-for-word
from
an
earlier
work
by
Humphrey
Tristram
Potter,which
itself
was
drawn
from
even
older
sources.
So
if
cant
dictionaries
weren’t
an
effective
tool
in
a
criminal’s
tool
kit,why
were
they
in
such
high
demand
that
writers
kept
producing
them
for
centuries?Perhaps
the
cant
dictionaries
share
some
of
the
characteristics
that
made
detective
fiction
so
popular
in
the
nineteenth
century.There
is
certainly
the
attraction
of
a
secretive
look
into
the
underworld:the
average
citizen
may
have
no
reason
to
hide
their
meaning
behind
mysterious
words,but
it’s
rather
interesting
to
think
about
those
who
do.Fiction
writers
certainly
made
good
use
of
cant
dictionaries
in
writing
dialogue
for
shady
characters:notably,Charles
Dickens
was
highly
praised
for
his
description
of
Oliver
Twist’s
band
of
pickpockets,whose
talk
relies
heavily
on
Andrewes’
cant
research.
1.What
is
cant?
A.Criminal
slang.
B.Local
language.
C.Complex
idioms.
D.Specialized
words.
2.Why
did
Andrewes
publish
the
dictionary?
A.To
explain
word
usage.
B.To
help
criminal-arresting.
C.To
simplify
criminal
language.
D.To
connect
criminals
to
detectives.
3.What
is
the
author’s
opinion
on
the
dictionary?
A.It’s
funny.
B.It’s
simple.
C.It’s
almost
useless.
D.It’s
very
important.
4.What
made
cant
dictionaries
widely
liked?
A.The
beneficial
influence
of
detective
novels.
B.People’s
natural
love
for
popular
detectives.
C.The
examples
in
Charles
Dickens’
work.
D.People’s
hate
for
criminals.
参考答案
1.【句式翻译】由于因特网的使用，计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难计算的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。
【句式分析】本句是复合句，主句是It
作形式主语的句式，to
measue…作真正的主语，although引导让步状语从句，从句中又包含who和that引导的定语从句和宾语从句，working
overtime作宾语。
2.
【句式翻译】在过去的三年里，印尼饱受自然灾害之苦，它遭受了几次致命的大地震，至今仍然处于2004年12月26日发生的亚洲海啸所造成的创伤的恢复期中，那次海啸是由一次离岸地震所引起的。
【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句，suffering…作状语，caused
by…作后置定语。
The
book
was
printed
on
rough
yellow
paper.
They
had
a
rough
time，sailing
on
the
Pacific
Ocean.
What
magic
drug
have
you
taken
to
recover
so
quickly?
It’s
going
to
be
some
time
before
I
recover
my
full
strength.
3.
【句式翻译】孩子们在院子里一起玩耍，方圆好几里的四合院被连接起来，构成了人们一起工作、一起娱乐、一起起居的网络和一个真正的社区。
【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句，creating…作状语。
You
should
never
join
an
electric
wire
to
a
water
pipe.
All
the
family
join
me
in
wishing
you
a
happy
future.
4.【解析】句子的主干是He
reported
the
case
to
the
police
and
then
sat
there,
lost
and
lonely
in
strange
city在此处为形容词短语，作补语，用来补充形容主语he当时的心情。thinking
of…为现在分词短语作状语，在现在分词短语中，organized为过去分词作get的宾补，from
a
distant
country为介词短语作状语。此外，while
trying
to
settle
down
in
a
new
one为时间状语。
【翻译】他向警方报了案，然后失落孤独地坐在一个陌生的城市里，想着要在一个遥远的国家把所有的材料重新整理是多么的麻烦，而同时他还要试着在一个新的国家安顿下来。
5.
【解析】第一个when引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment，
“cooking…”为宾语从句，作think
的宾语；后面的when引导的从句由and连接的两个并列句构成，作句子的表语。
【翻译】当我已经饿了却没有准备好可以吃的东西的时候，我认为做饭是一种痛苦。
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了行业术语词典出版的背景以及深受喜爱的原因。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Cant’
may
refer
to
a
dialect
or
even
a
coded
language
used
by
a
group”可知,cant意为“某一团体的专用语”。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段首句“Andrewes’
cant
dictionary
was
published
with
the
author’s
firm
intention
to
‘expose’
the
language
of
criminals
with
the
aim
of
‘the
easier
detection
of
their
crimes.’”可知,Andrewes出版词典是为了揭穿罪犯的行话,从而使警探的抓捕工作更加容易。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It’s
less
clear
how
this
would
work
in
practice”以及接下来作者想象的警探抓捕罪犯的滑稽场景和“this
would
have
proved
an
ineffective
means
of
detecting
criminals”可知,作者认为Andrewes的词典有违他出版的初衷,在帮助抓捕罪犯的工作中并不奏效。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Perhaps
the
cant
dictionaries
share
some
of
the
characteristics
that
made
detective
fiction
so
popular
in
the
nineteenth
century.”可知,由于术语词典和19世纪当时正流行的侦探小说不谋而合,因此才广受人们喜爱。