人教版必修五Unit 5 First Aid language points学案

Unit 5 First Aid language points学案
应该掌握的重点单词
1．aid n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助
2．temporary adj.暂时的；临时的
3．injury n．损伤；伤害→injure v．受伤
4．bleed vi. & vt.流血→bled(过去式)→bled(过去分词)
5．choke vi. & vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息
6．poison n．毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒→poisonous adj.有毒的
7．variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→various adj.各种各样的→vary v．变化
8．mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的→mildly adv.轻微地；温和地
9．swell vi. & vt.(使)膨胀；隆起→swollen adj.肿胀的
10．squeeze vt. & vi.榨；挤；压榨
11．symptom n．症状；征兆
12．pour vt. & vi.倒；灌；注；涌
13．tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的→tightly adv.紧地
14．firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地
15．treat vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待→treatment n．治疗；疗法；对待；待遇
16．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请(书)
17．pressure n．压力；挤压；压迫(感)
应该掌握的重点短语
1．first aid　急救
2．fall ill 生病
3．prevent...from... 阻止……
4．get burned 烧伤
5．electric shock 触电；电休克
6．squeeze out 榨出；挤出
7．over and over again 反复；多次
8．in place 在适当的位置；适当
9．a number of 若干；许多
10．put one’s hands on 找到
11．make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
应该掌握的重点句型
1.If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.
若烫伤是在胳膊或腿上，如果可能的话，把它们抬得高于心脏。
2.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。
3．It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade’s life.
正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。
4．There is no doubt_that John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms
Slade’s life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了
【重点词汇突破】
1 injury n.伤口；伤害；损害
injure v.伤害；损害
injured adj.受伤的
At least the injury gave me time to be with my friends and family.
至少伤病让我有时间与我的朋友和家人呆在一起了。
【词义辨析】　injure，hurt，harm，wound[
(1)injure意为“伤害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。
(2)hurt意为“疼痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的伤害，尤指让身体某一部位受伤；也可以指精神上的伤害，常有强烈的疼痛感。
(3)harm意为“伤害”，用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时也指引起不安或不便。
(4)wound意为“受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害。
【图解助记】
【夯实基础】
(1)用injure，hurt，harm，wound的适当形式填空
①It hurt me to think that he would lie to me.
②Two women have been badly injured in the accident.
③Luckily no one got wounded in the battle.
④He hurt his back when playing squash(壁球)．
⑤Don’t harm your eyes by reading in poor light.
(2)用injure的适当形式填空
①Only 38 of the injured remained in hospital.
②The two other passengers escaped serious injuries.
③A number of bombs have exploded，seriously injuring at least five people.
2 essential adj.必不可少的?necessary?；最重要的?vital?；本质的；基本的?fundamental?；n.必需品；要点，要素；实质
be essential to/for对……来说是重要的
It’s essential to do/that...……是必要的?that从句的谓语用“should＋do”，should通常省略）
【多词一义】　essential，important，vital
It was absolutely essential to set a realistic goal.
把目标制定得现实可行是完全有必要的。
The flat contained the basic essentials for daily life.
那套公寓配有日常生活的基本必需品。
【夯实基础】
(1)It is essential that you (should) win(你赢得) the voters’ hearts.
(2)Sun and water are essential to/for(对……必不可少) the growth of crops.
(3)According to the latest research，getting enough sleep is essential(得到足够的睡眠是必不可少的) to maintaining good health and reducing stress.
3 treat n.招待；款待；v.以……态度对待；以……方式对待?behave towards?；把……看作?consider?；治疗；招待；款待；请客
【应试指导】　在交际用语中的考查
treat sb.as...把某人看作……
treat sb.to sth.招待某人吃……
treat sb.with respect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人
My treat.我请客。
Artie treated most women with impatience.
阿蒂对大多数女人都没有耐心。
The boy was treated for a minor head wound.
那个男孩因头部轻伤接受了治疗。
【夯实基础】
(1)语法填空
①Police say they’re treating it as a case of attempted murder.
②She always treats him to ice cream.
③We’ve got to treat people with respect and dignity.
(2)If he was treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.
①If treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved. (改为省略句)
②Treated in a proper way，he was likely to be saved.(用过去分词作状语改写句子)
4 apply vt. & vi.涂?put or spread sth. onto a surface?；应用?use?；?对……?适用；申请?make a request?；努力学习；涉及?concern，relate?
【应试指导】　申请类写作高频词汇
apply ?to sb.? for sth.?向某人?申请某物
apply to适合
apply sth.to sth.把某物应用?涂抹?于……
apply oneself to ?＝be applied to?致力于/集中精力于……
application n.申请?书?；用途
applicant n.申请人
Apply some medicine to his wound.
给他的伤口上点药吧。
Tom would do very well if only he applied himself.
要是专心致志，汤姆会做得很好的。
【夯实基础】
(1)用apply的适当形式填空
①The new technology，if applied to rice growing，will help increase the grain output.
②His application for membership of the organization was rejected.
③If the applicant is not a true candidate for the job，do not interview him.
(2)If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.
①Applying yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)
②Applied to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)
5 make a difference区别对待；有影响；起?重要?作用?have an effect/influence on?
make no/little difference to对……没有/几乎没有影响
make much difference to对……有很大影响
tell the difference between...and...说出……和……的不同
be of no/little/much/great difference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用
Even if you had tried to help it，it wouldn’t have made any difference.
即使你曾试图帮忙，结果也不会有什么不同。
What you said just now made no difference to him.[来源:]
你刚才说的话对他没有什么影响。
【夯实基础】
(1) It makes no difference to me whether he comes here or not.
他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。
(2)Can you tell the difference between the two words?
你能区别这两个单词吗？
6 get done被……
【应试指导】　get后跟非谓语动词的考查
get paid得到报酬　　get married结婚
get injured/hurt受伤 get burned烧伤
get infected感染 get separated分离
get damaged毁掉 get broken坏掉
get repaired修理 get dressed穿上衣服
get changed换衣服 get drunk喝醉
She got burned when she was cooking yesterday.
她昨天做饭时被烫伤了。
He went out and got drunk.他出去喝醉了。
【特别提醒】
get done结构既可以表示被动语态，也可表示系表结构。
【夯实基础】
用get＋v.?ed完成句子
(1)If you happen to get lost(迷路) in the wild，you’d better stay where you are and wait for help.
(2)They got punished(受到处罚) by the teacher.
(3)—You can have a pet dog，but suppose you get bored(变得厌倦) with it in a few days.Then what?
—We won’t，we promise!
【句法语法突破】
1Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
?1?unless“除非；如果不”，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换。
?2?unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。
?3?在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。
Unless you are trying to lose weight to please yourself，it’s going to be hard to keep your motivation level high.除非减肥是为了悦己，否则很难保持积极性。
We cannot understand disease unless we understand the person who has the disease.
若不了解患者我们就不能了解疾病。
【夯实基础】
(1)I want you to keep working unless I tell you to stop.
I want you to keep working if I don’t tell you to stop.(用if从句改写句子)
(2)要是不能额外弄一些钱，剧院将要关闭。(翻译句子)
Unless some extra money is found，the theatre will close.
(3)You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work(除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中)．
2John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。
be doing...when...正在做……这时……
be about to do...when...正要做……此时……
had just done...when...刚做了……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……
The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the lady’s handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.
小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。
【夯实基础】
语法填空
(1)We were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.
(2)She had just finished(finish) her homework when her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
3单元语法——用省略形式完成下列句子
(1)Jack loves nature more than his wife loves nature.
→Jack loves nature more than his wife does.
(2)Max phoned his mother and Oscar phoned Max’s mother too.
→Max phoned his mother and Oscar did too.
(3)If it’s convenient，you can come here at any time.
→If convenient，you can come here at any time.
(4)Though he was tired，he still gave the students a lecture.
→Though tired，he still gave the students a lecture.
(5)When I was walking in the street，I came across an old friend of mine.
→When walking in the street，I came across an old friend of mine.