外研版（2019） 选择性必修 第一册 Unit 5 Revealing nature教师用书含习题测试（含解析6份打包）

Unit
5
Revealing
nature
Section
Ⅱ　Using
language
1.Gregor
Mendel
chose
to
study
pea
plants
because
their
characteristics
were
easy
to
control.格雷戈尔·孟德尔选择研究豌豆植物,因为它们的特性易于控制。(教材P53)
语言点1
characteristic
n.特征,特性
情境探究
①He
described
the
character
of
the
character
he
played
with
two
Chinese
characters.
他用了两个汉字来描绘他所扮演的角色的性格。
②Her
behaviour
last
night
was
completely
out
of
character.
她昨晚的行为举止与她的性格完全不符。
③She
resembles
her
sister
in
appearance
but
not
in
character.
她外貌上像她的姐姐,
性格上却不同。
④Windmills
are
a
characteristic
feature
of
the
Mallorcan
landscape.风车是马略卡岛风光的一个典型特色。
归纳拓展
(1)characteristic
adj.特有的,典型的
(2)character
n.性格,个性;特点;品质;(书、剧本、电影等中的)人物,角色;字;符号
in
character
符合(某人的)性格
out
of
character
(与自身特性)不相符
(3)characterize
v.成为……的特征,以……为典型
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①Tough
times
are
always
good
times
for
team
character
building.
品质
②Brave,
good
and
strong,
Xiulian
is
the
character
we
care
about
most.
角色,人物
③Jim
and
Jack
are
good
friends,
but
they
are
different
from
each
other
in
character.
性格
(2)单句填空
④Bananas
have
their
own
characteristic
(character)
smell.
⑤The
two
groups
of
children
have
quite
different
characters
(character).
2.The
extinction
of
the
Pinta
Island
tortoise
is
blamed
on
humans.平塔岛乌龟的灭绝被归咎于人类。(教材P53)
语言点2
blame
v.责怪,指责;把……归咎于
情境探究
①I
do
not
blame
them
for
trying
to
make
some
money.
我认为他们努力赚一些钱也是情有可原的。
②The
police
are
blaming
the
accident
on
dangerous
driving.
警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。
③The
boy
was
to
blame
for
what
he
had
done.
这个男孩因他的所作所为受到了责备。
④She'll
put
the
blame
on
us
if
it
turns
out
badly.
如果这件事结果不好,她会责怪我们的。
归纳拓展
(1)blame
sb./sth.
for
sth.
因某事而责怪某人/事
blame
sth.
on
sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/事
be
to
blame
(for
sth.)(对某事)负有责任
(2)blame
n.
(坏事或错事的)责任;责备;指责
lay/put
the
blame
for
sth.
on
sb.
把某事归咎于某人
误区警示
be
to
blame是主动形式表示被动意义。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①It's
your
fault.
How
can
you
put
the
blame
on
others?
②He
blamed
his
brother
for
breaking
the
window.
③Who
do
you
think
is
to
blame
(blame)
for
the
accident??
(2)一句多译
他把失败归咎于我。
④He
blamed
the
failure
on
me.
?
⑤He
blamed
me
for
the
failure.
?
3.After
goats
in
particular
had
been
brought
to
the
island,
the
Pinta
Island
tortoise
population
declined.特别是山羊被带到岛上后,平塔岛乌龟数量下降了。(教材P53)
语言点3
decline
v.减少
情境探究
①The
number
of
staff
has
declined
from
217,000
to
114,000.
员工人数从
21.7万减少到了11.4万。
②The
band
declined
to
comment
on
the
story.
乐队拒绝对这一报道作任何评论。
③An
increase
in
cars
has
resulted
in
the
decline
of
public
transport.
汽车的增加导致了公共交通的减少。
④Thankfully,
the
smoking
of
cigarettes
is
on
the
decline.
庆幸的是,吸烟量在下降。
⑤Libraries
are
an
investment
for
the
future
and
they
should
not
be
allowed
to
fall
into
(a)
decline.
图书馆是对未来的一项投资,不应任其日趋衰落。
归纳拓展
(1)decline
n.衰退;下降;减少
on
the
decline在下降
fall/go
into
(a)
decline开始衰落
(2)decline
v.婉言谢绝
decline
to
do
sth.拒绝做某事
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①The
number
of
tourists
to
the
place
of
interest
declined
by
10%
last
year.
下降,减少
②I
offered
to
give
them
a
lift
but
they
declined.
谢绝
(2)单句填空
③The
number
of
pandas
in
the
wild
is
on
the
decline.
④When
he
got
home,
the
city
labour
office
declined
to
help
(help)
him
find
a
job.?
4.The
Giant
Tortoise
Reserve
on
Santa
Cruz
is
home
to
several
species
of
giant
tortoise
that
are
native
to
the
Galápagos
Islands.圣克鲁斯岛的巨型乌龟保护区是几种原产于加拉帕戈斯群岛的巨型乌龟的家园。(教材P55)
语言点4
be
native
to
源于……的,原产于……
情境探究
①He
turned
into
a
native
cafe
and
ordered
a
drink.
他走进一家本地咖啡馆,要了一杯饮料。
②The
panda
is
native
to
West
China.
熊猫产于中国西部。
③Officials
say
the
woman
is
a
native
of
Somalia.
官员说,那名女子是索马里人。
归纳拓展
(1)native
adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的;天生的
(2)native
n.本国人;本地人;土著;本地的动物(或植物)
a
native
of...……的本地/国人
(3)be+形容词+to(介词)
be
similar
to与……相似
be
friendly/kind
to对……友好
be
familiar
to
sb.为某人所熟知
be
equal
to胜任……
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①It
is
a
long
time
since
he
has
visited
his
native
Chile.
出生地的
②You
can
always
tell
the
differences
between
the
tourists
and
the
natives.
当地人,本地人
③The
ability
to
swim
is
native
to
fish.
天生的
(2)单句填空
④Taoism,
native
to
China,
has
a
history
of
more
than
1,700
years.
⑤He
doesn't
seem
equal
to
meeting
(meet)
our
demands.
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.His
books
have
sold
more
than
20
million
copies
worldwide
(遍及全世界).
2.A
giant
(巨大的)
panda
can
weigh
as
much
as
150
kg,
when
fully
grown.
3.Primitive
(原始的)
humans
needed
to
be
able
to
react
like
this
to
escape
from
dangerous
animals.
4.Some
goats
(山羊)
are
eating
grass
on
the
green
grassland.
5.This
section
of
the
market
has
slowly
declined
(下降)
in
importance.
6.Melbourne
and
Sydney
both
have
a
long
history
and
share
many
characteristics
(特性).
7.Call
her
if
you
like,
but
don't
blame
(责怪)
me
if
she's
angry.
8.The
tortoise
(陆龟)
wins
the
race
while
the
hare
is
sleeping.
Ⅱ.语境选词
be
native
to,
put
the
blame
for,
in
particular,
be
harmful
to,
by
contrast,
in
the
end,
carry
out,
be
home
to
1.The
judge
put
the
blame
for
the
accident
on
the
driver.?
2.Bamboo
is
native
to
every
continent
except
Europe
and
Antarctica.?
3.I
am
not
good
at
expressing
myself.
By
contrast,
I
am
better
at
thinking
instead.?
4.To
carry
out
the
experiment,
you
need
the
following
things.?
5.The
surrounding
forests
are
home
to
many
birds
and
animals.?
6.In
the
end,
the
prince
and
princess
unite
in
marriage
and
the
whole
city
celebrates
their
happiness.?
7.You'd
better
give
up
smoking,
for
it
is
harmful
to
your
health.?
8.Traffic
is
bad,
in
particular
in
the
city
center.?
Ⅲ.语法专练
(2020四川南充高级中学高一下期中)
It
certainly
takes
a
lot
of
effort
to
push
through
hard
times.
While
the
nation
is
fighting
1.against
COVID-19,
citizens
have
to
make
changes
in
their
daily
lives.
Some
people
decide
to
make
small
routine
changes,
2.while
others
offer
all
their
time
and
energy
to
help
others
during
this
crisis.
Most
people
take
their
temperatures,
wear
masks,
wash
their
hands
often
and
don't
go
out
unless
it's
necessary.
One
of
3.the
most
painful
(painful)
changes
was
that
many
Chinese
people
didn't
get
together
4.to
celebrate
(celebrate)
the
Spring
Festival.
And
many
schools
and
places
of
work
5.delayed
(delay)
their
return
date
before
May.
However,
it
didn't
stop
employees
and
students
from
working
and
studying
at
home.?
February
10
6.was
planned
(plan)
to
be
the
first
day
of
the
new
semester,
and
students
began
to
have
online
classes
at
home.
7.Bored
(bore)
at
home,
people
started
to
learn
new
things
to
fill
their
time.
What's
more,
thousands
of
8.volunteers
(volunteer)
are
working
non-stop
to
help
deliver
supplies
and
assist
the
9.affected
(affect)
regions.?
“In
reality,
we're
more
likely
to
rush
to
help
others
than
run
them
over
to
save
ourselves,”
wrote
the
US
psychologist
Kelly
Caldwell
in
Pacific
Standard,
“It's
10.an
exercise
in
mass
healing.”
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.As
we
all
know,
people
who
circulate
false
news
are
to
blame
(blame).
?
2.Each
rooftop
had
16
different
kinds
of
plants
native
to
Texas.
3.I
don't
know
the
reason
why
he
declined
to
join
(join)
the
gardening
club.?
4.Personal
characteristics
(characteristic),
such
as
age
and
sex,
are
taken
into
account.
5.By
the
time
my
parents
reached
home
yesterday,
I
had
cooked
(cook)
the
dinner
already.?
6.I
had
planned
(plan)
to
go
for
a
walk,
but
someone
called
and
I
couldn't
get
away.?
7.The
twins,
who
had
finished
(finish)
their
homework,
were
allowed
to
play
badminton
in
the
playground.?
8.This
Monday
morning
I
was
informed
I
had
been
chosen
(choose)
as
one
of
the
three
exchange
students
from
our
college.?
9.Silk
had
become
(become)
one
of
the
primary
goods
traded
along
the
Silk
Road
by
about
100
BC.?
10.She
was
surprised
to
find
the
fridge
empty;the
child
had
eaten
(eat)
everything!?
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.当我听到敲门声,我马上就开门了。(no
sooner...than...倒装句)
No
sooner
had
I
heard
the
knock
than
I
opened
the
door.?
2.这是球迷们第三次荣获这项大奖。(It
be+the+序数词+time
that...)
It
was
the
third
time
that
the
fans
had
been
awarded
the
trophy.
?
3.销售额的下降归咎于经济不景气。(blame...on...)
The
decrease
in
sales
was
blamed
on
the
bad
economy.?
4.昨天他们打算在操场上开个会,
但雨下得很大。(had
meant...)
They
had
meant
to
hold
a
meeting
in
the
playground
yesterday,
but
it
rained
heavily.?
5.你听说过休·格兰特主演的那部新电影吗?
(hear
of)
Have
you
heard
of
the
new
film
in
which
Hugh
Grant
starred??
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(2020浙江温州十五校联合体高二上期中联考)
A
few
months
ago
I
took
a
trip
to
Osaka.
Unfortunately,
I
didn't
go
there
on
holiday.
I
went
there
on
a
business
trip.
By
the
time
I
got
to
the
station,
I
was
very
tired
and
hungry.
At
the
station
there
was
a
shop
selling
lunchboxes.
They
had
cheap
lunchboxes
and
expensive
lunchboxes.
I
bought
a
cheap
lunch-box.
After
that,
I
made
my
way
to
my
platform
and
found
my
train.
I
got
on
the
train
and
found
my
seat.
Now
I
was
feeling
really
hungry
and
tired.
I
wondered
whether
I
should
eat
my
lunchbox
or
take
a
nap.
I
decided
I
would
enjoy
my
lunchbox
more
after
a
nap.
I
put
the
lunchbox
in
the
hat
rack
above
my
head.
As
I
was
sitting
down,
a
young
businessman
approached
me.
Like
me,
he
looked
tired,
and
he
also
had
a
lunchbox.
He
asked
if
the
seat
next
to
me
was
free
and
I
said
it
was.
In
a
few
minutes,
I
was
fast
asleep.
When
I
awoke,
the
businessman
was
no
longer
there.
I
looked
at
the
seat
next
to
me
and
I
saw
a
lunch
box.
I
was
so
hungry
that
I
opened
it
up
and
started
to
eat.
I
was
very
surprised
to
see
how
nice
it
tasted.
After
a
minute
or
two
of
eating,
the
businessman
returned.
He
had
an
astonished
look
on
his
face.
He
asked
me
why
I
was
eating
his
lunchbox.
Then
it
hit
me
that
I
had
put
my
lunchbox
above
my
head.
This
really
wasn't
my
lunchbox.
I
apologized
many
times
and
offered
him
my
lunchbox.
Also,
I
bought
him
a
drink
to
say
sorry.
We
then
spent
the
next
few
hours
chatting
away
and
we
got
along
really
well.
We
even
exchanged
numbers
and
now
we
occasionally
meet
up
for
drinks.
We
have
become
quite
good
friends.
1.What
can
be
inferred
about
the
writer
from
the
first
paragraph?
A.He
is
not
fond
of
Osaka
at
all.
B.He
is
fond
of
going
on
a
business
trip.
C.In
fact,
he
is
a
very
wealthy
person.
D.He
is
probably
a
person
who
saves
money
for
his
life.
2.What
does
the
writer
probably
agree
with?
A.Eating
is
more
important
than
sleep.
B.Eating
a
meal
should
be
enjoyed.
C.Eating
should
be
placed
second
to
sleep.
D.Sleep
is
more
important
than
eating.
3.Why
did
the
writer
eat
the
young
man's
lunchbox?
A.Because
he
was
too
hungry.
B.Because
he
wanted
to
gain
advantages.
C.Because
he
mistook
it
for
his
own
lunchbox.
D.Because
it
tasted
better
than
his
own
lunchbox.
4.How
does
the
writer
feel
about
his
trip
to
Osaka?
A.Fun
and
worthwhile.
B.Ridiculous
and
regretful.
C.Funny
and
guilty.
D.Interesting
and
costly.
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境是人与自我。本文记叙的是作者到大阪出差,旅行途中错吃了邻座的盒饭,而最后两人却成为好朋友的故事。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中I
bought
a
cheap
lunchbox.可推出作者可能是一个生活节俭的人。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中I
decided
I
would
enjoy
my
lunchbox
more
after
a
nap.可推出作者认为吃饭得好好地享受。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中Then
it
hit
me
that
I
had
put
my
lunch-box
above
my
head.可知作者误吃了那个年轻人的饭是因为作者把年轻人的饭误认为是自己的了。
4.A　推理判断题。根据文章情节:作者在旅行中误吃了别人的饭使他感到有趣,而两人因此成为了朋友使他感到旅行有意外收获,可知作者认为他的旅行是有趣且值得的。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020重庆育才中学高一下期中)
While
many
people
are
accessible
by
email,
sometimes
it
is
difficult
to
determine
how
exactly
to
write
an
email
to
them.
Here
are
some
tips
for
you
to
follow.
Write
an
appropriate
subject
line.
The
subject
line
should
tell
the
recipient
(接收者)
immediately
what
the
email
is
about.
1.　　　
Remember
that
your
wording
also
has
to
be
brief.?
2.　　　
It
is
best
to
be
more
formal
rather
than
informal,
so
when
writing
to
someone
you
have
never
met
or
written
to
before,
a
“Dear
Jane
Smith”
is
appropriate.
When
addressing
someone
whom
you
are
a
little
familiar
with,
a
“Dr.
Smith”
is
okay
until
they
tell
you
to
address
them
by
their
first
name,
in
which
case
a
simple
“Jane”
will
be
okay.?
3.　　　
Within
the
first
two
sentences
of
your
e-mail,
your
recipient
should
know
exactly
why
you
are
writing
to
them.
Sometimes
an
introduction
may
have
to
precede
(先于)
the
sentence
that
states
why
you
are
writing,
and
sometimes
it
has
to
follow.?
Use
appropriate
language.
You
may
be
used
to
using
informal
language
in
certain
social
settings.
4.　　　Even
when
dealing
with
colleagues
or
friends
you
are
familiar
with,
do
not
immediately
fall
back
on
informal
language.?
Keep
it
simple.
People
may
get
dozens
and
even
hundreds
of
emails
a
day.
5.　　　
In
that
way,
they
can
save
much
of
their
time
when
reading
emails.?
A.Use
proper
greetings.
B.Express
your
ideas
clearly.
C.State
your
purpose
in
the
beginning.
D.Be
as
specific
as
possible
when
writing
the
subject.
E.However,
an
email
may
not
be
the
best
place
to
use
such
language.
F.It
is
important
to
check
the
language
to
avoid
spelling
and
grammar
mistakes.
G.It
is
always
easier
for
them
if
you
keep
your
email
as
short
and
brief
as
possible.
1.　　　
2.　　　
3.　　　
4.　　　
5.　　　?
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是说明文,就如何写电子邮件提出了几点建议。
1.D　此处承接上一句来说明写主题的时候要具体,以便收件人能够立即知道邮件的主题,下一句也顺着本句展开,说明措辞要简练,故选D。
2.A　本段主要讲在不同情况和场合下应该使用适当的称呼,故选A。
3.C　根据下一句可知,本段主要讲在邮件一开始要点明你写邮件的意图,选项C中的“at
the
beginning”与下一句中的“Within
the
first
two
sentences”相对应,故选C。
4.E　E选项与上一句构成转折关系,以此来说明写电子邮件时不要使用非正式的语言,同时也与下句构成了顺承关系,故选E。
5.G　G选项中的them指代上一句中的People,与前后句共同来说明为什么要使邮件简洁、明了,故选G。
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2020山东德州陵城区第一中学高二12月月考)
　　My
name
is
Miranda
Gibson.
I
have
been
at
the
top
of
a
tree
for
five
months
now.
Some
people
might
wonder
　1　
on
earth
I
would
choose
to
do
that.
I
have
walked
through
this
forest
many
times.
?
On
12
December
2011,　2　
rolled
into
the
forest
and
the
destruction
(摧毁)
began.
I
couldn't
　3　
the
thought
that
these
forests
would
be
　4　
forever.
So,
on
14
December
2011,
I
packed
up
my
life,
　5　
of
my
job
plans,
and
climbed
60
meters
to
the
top
of
this
tree.
I
have
been
here
ever
since.?
Life
in
the
tree
tops
can
be　6　
at
times.
I
have
times
when
I
feel
frustrated
(沮丧)
and
wish
I
could
　7　
to
anywhere,
just
have
a
　8　
of
scenery
for
a
minute!
There
are
times
too,
when
I
feel
terribly
　9　.
I
miss
my
friends
and
family.
　10　
these
times
I
find
myself
loving
the
　11　.
Living
on
the
tree
has
been
inspiring.
I
am
willing
to
　12　
up
here
for
as
long
as
it
takes,
　13　
I
honestly
hope
it
won't
be
too
　14　
before
I
can
put
my
feet
on
the
ground
below
and
stand
in
a
forest
that
will
never
be
　15　.?
1.A.why　　
　
B.when　　　C.how　　
　D.where
2.A.water　　　
B.animals　　　C.machinery
　　　D.tourists
3.A.bear　　　
B.help　　　C.keep　　　
D.spare
4.A.sold　　　
B.stolen　　　C.protected　　　D.lost
5.A
grew
out　　　
B.fell
short　　　　C.ran
out　　　
D.let
go
6.A.refreshing　　　B.risky　　　　C.challenging　　　D.rewarding
7.A.get
up　　　B.get
away　　　C.give
in　　
　D.give
up
8.A.change　　　B.look　　　
C.search　　　
D.touch
9.A.confused　　　B.nervous　　　C.sorry　　　
D.lonely
10.A.Beyond　　　B.Without　　　C.Despite　　
　D.Unlike
11.A.height　　　B.experience　　C.background　　
　D.position
12.A.return　　　B.stop　　　C.stay　　　
D.hide
13.A.but　　　B.though　　C.because　　　
D.so
14.A.soon　　　B.long　　
　C.near　　　D.bad
15.A.moved　　　B.logged　　　C.burned　　　D.missed
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者待在树顶上五个多月的原因,以及待在树顶时的感受和希望等。
1.A　根据上文的“wonder”以及下文的“on
earth
I
would
choose
to
do
that”可知,一些人可能想知道我究竟为什么会选择那么做。故选A项。
2.C　根据下文的“rolled
into
the
forest
and
the
destruction
(摧毁)
began”可知,机器(machinery)进入森林,摧毁开始了。故选C项。
3.A　根据下文的“So,
on
14
December
2011,
I
packed
up
my
life,...”可知,“我”无法忍受(bear)这些森林将永远失去的想法。故选A项。
4.D　根据上文的“the
destruction
(摧毁)
began”可知,此处指的是森林会永远失去。故选D项。
5.D　根据上文的“I
packed
up
my
life”以及下文的“...and
climbed
60
meters
to
the
top
of
this
tree”可知,我整理了我的生活,放下了我的工作计划,并且爬了60米到这棵树的顶端。短语grow
out
of
产生于……;fall
short
of
缺乏;run
out
of
用光,耗尽;let
go
of
放手,放开。故选D项。
6.C　根据下文的“I
have
times
when
I
feel
frustrated
(沮丧)...”可知,在树顶上的生活有时是具有挑战性的。refreshing意为“使人精力充沛的,别具一格的”;risky冒险的;challenging具有挑战性的;rewarding值得做的,有益的。故选C项。
7.B　上文提及在树顶上的生活有时是具有挑战性的,根据下文的“to
anywhere”可知,“我”希望能离开(树顶)到任何地方。短语get
away意为“离开”,故选B项。
8.A　上文提及“我”希望能离开(树顶)到任何地方,故可推知此处表示“仅仅换一分钟的风景”。change
改变;look看;search寻找;touch触碰。根据语境可知,该题选A项。
9.D　根据下文的“I
miss
my
friends
and
family.”可知,有时我也感到相当孤独。故选D项。
10.C　根据上文的“There
are
times
too,
when
I
feel
terribly....I
miss
my
friends
and
family.”以及下文的“these
times
I
find
myself
loving
the...”可知,上下文之间为转折关系。despite意为“尽管;虽然”,符合语境。故选C项。
11.B　根据下文的“Living
on
the
tree
has
been
inspiring.”可知,“我”发现自己喜爱这种经历(experience)。故选B项。
12.C　上文提及生活在树上一直是鼓舞人心的。由此可知,“我”愿意待在上面。故选C项。
13.A　根据下文的“it
won't...”以及上文的“I
am
willing
to...”可知,上下文之间为转折关系。故选A项。
14.B　根据上文的“as
long
as
it
takes”可知,此处表示“我”真诚地希望不会太久就能把脚放在地面上。故选B项。
15.B　根据第二段中的“the
destruction
(摧毁)
began”可知,机器进入了森林并且摧毁开始了。由此可知此处表示“我”能把脚放在地面上并且站在永远不会被采伐的森林中。log
意为“采伐(森林的)树木;伐木”,符合语境。故选B项。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2020四川成都蓉城高中教育联盟高二上期中联考)
Standing
at
the
top
of
Kilimanjaro
(乞力马扎罗山),
Africa,
at
5,895
meters
above
sea
level,
Lin
Ziyi,
15,
didn't
jump
for
joy.
She
　1　
(breathe)
in
the
fresh
air
and
looked
quietly
at
the
white
glaciers
(冰川)
and
rolling
hills
around.?
“Hello,
Kilimanjaro,
I
finally
came
to
you,”
she
said
to
herself.
On
Jan.
31,
2014,
the
student
from
Yueqing
High
School,
Zhejiang,
　2　
(successful)
climbed
to
the
top
of
Kilimanjaro
with
her
mother.
She
is
the
youngest
Chinese
woman
　3　
has
achieved
this,
according
to
the
Kilimanjaro
National
Park
in
Tanzania.?
How
could
Lin
get
over
such
a
　4　
(difficult)?
She
is
not
physically
stronger
than
others.
Like
many
teenagers,
she
mostly
　5　
(take)
exercise
in
PE
classes.
Lin's
answer
is
strong
willpower
(意志力).?
“Once
I
decide
to
do
something,
I
never
give
up
halfway.
I'm
　6　
(satisfy)
with
myself,”
she
said.?
While
　7　
(climb)
Kilimanjaro,
Lin
suffered
　8　
serious
altitude
sickness.
When
they
set
off
at
midnight
on
the
third
day,
she
could
hardly
lift
her
feet.?
“My
mother
encouraged
me
　9　
(carry)
on
and
to
take
one
more
step,
then
another
and
then
I
finally
made
　10　,”
Lin
said.
“Success
comes
when
you
keep
on
stepping
forward.”?
1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　?
6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　?
答案
[语篇解读]　这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了15岁的林子怡通过自己的努力和坚强的意志,成为登上非洲乞力马扎罗山山顶的最年轻的中国女性。
1.breathed　考查时态。and表并列,前后语法结构一致,and后面的looked用一般过去时,此空也用一般过去时。故填breathed。
2.successfully　考查副词。修饰动词climbed应用副词形式。故填successfully。
3.who/that　考查定语从句关系代词。the
youngest
Chinese
woman后接了一个定语从句,the
youngest
Chinese
woman是先行词,指人,在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who/that。
4.difficulty　考查名词。a是不定冠词,后接名词,此处抽象名词difficulty具体化,意为“难事”。故填difficulty。
5.takes　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知,此处讲述的是她现在经常性的动作,用一般现在时,且主语是第三人称she。故填takes。
6.satisfied　考查词性转换。固定搭配be
satisfied
with
sb.,意为“对某人满意”。故填satisfied。
7.climbing　考查非谓语动词。While引导的时间状语从句省略了主语Lin和be动词,主语Lin和动词climb是逻辑上的主动关系,所以用现在分词(doing)表主动,作伴随状语。故填climbing。
8.from　考查固定搭配。suffer
from...,意为“遭受……”。
9.to
carry　考查固定搭配。encourage
sb.
to
do
sth.,意为“鼓励某人做某事”,所以用动词不定式(to
do)。故填to
carry。
10.it　考查代词。make
it,意为“成功”,符合语境。Unit
5
Revealing
nature
Section
Ⅲ　Grammar
(过去完成时)
写出下列句子中画线部分的句法功能。
1.(教材P50)
It
was
a
young
man
who
had
left
medical
school
without
completing
his
degree.who引导的定语从句中的谓语动词?
2.(教材50)What's
more,
he
had
recently
received
a
letter
from
his
father
predicting
that
he
would
be
“a
disgrace
to
yourself
and
all
your
family”.主句谓语动词?
3.(教材P51)
After
Darwin
had
spent
some
time
in
South
America,
his
room
on
the
ship
was
crowded
with
samples
of
the
plants
and
animals
he
had
collected.After引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词?
4.(教材P51)At
that
time,
people
believed
that
all
species
had
appeared
on
Earth
at
the
same
time,
and
had
not
changed
since.that引导的宾语从句中的并列谓语动词?
5.(教材P51)Over
time,
it
had
slowly
evolved
into
many
new
species.
句子谓语动词?
一、过去完成时的基本结构:had+done
常用时间状语:recently、lately、since...、for...、in
the
past
few
years、by+过去的时间点、by
the
end
of+过去的时间点、before+过去的时间点等。
They
had
already
had
breakfast
before
they
arrived
at
the
hotel.在他们到达宾馆之前,他们已经吃了早饭了。
She
had
finished
writing
the
composition
by
10:00
this
morning.今早十点前她就已经写完了作文。
二、过去完成时的基本用法
1.过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”。这个过去的时刻可以用by、before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示;也可以用一个表示过去的动词来表示;还可以通过上下文来表示。
The
concert
had
already
begun
when
I
got
there.
我到达那里的时候,音乐会已经开始了。
2.表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。
She
said
she
had
studied
in
that
college.
她说她在那所学院学习过。
3.当一个由before、after、as
soon
as等词引导的从句所表示的动作和主句的动作先后或紧接着发生时,由于这些连词本身已经说明两个动作发生的先后关系,从句和主句的谓语动词均可用一般过去时。
He
left
the
room
after
he
(had)
closed
the
window.
他把窗户关上之后离开了房间。
4.在no
sooner...than...、hardly/scarcely...when...句型中,主句用过去完成时,意为“一……就;刚……就……”。
I
had
no
sooner
finished
my
homework
than
the
light
went
out.我刚做完家庭作业,灯就灭了。
注意:若把句型中的no
sooner、hardly提前放在句首时,主句用部分倒装结构,即提前助动词had。
5.有些动词,如think、hope、expect、intend、mean、suppose、want等,在用过去完成时时,可以表示过去未实现的愿望或打算。
They
had
wanted
to
help,but
they
couldn't
get
there
in
time.他们本来是想要帮忙的,但未能及时赶到那里。
6.在
It
was
the
first
time
that句型中,that从句中的动词常用过去完成时。
It
was
the
first
time
that
he
had
ever
spoken
to
a
foreigner.那是他第一次跟外国人讲话。
三、过去完成时与一般过去时的用法区别
过去完成时是一个相对的时态,表示的是“过去的过去”,只有在和过去的某一时间或某一动作相比较时才用。一般过去时表示的动作是过去发生的,与现在无关。
1.在表示某人过去未曾完成的心愿、打算、计划、想法、许诺等时,hope、mean、plan、want、promise、intend等谓语动词通常用过去完成时。
I
had
planned
to
offer
you
some
help
in
your
shop,but
suddenly
my
mother
fell
ill
yesterday.
昨天我原本计划在你店里帮一些忙的,但是我妈妈突然生病了。
He
had
meant
to
spend
the
important
day
with
us
last
Sunday,but
he
was
too
busy
then.
上星期日他原本打算与我们一起度过这个重要的日子的,可是他当时实在太忙了。
2.如果句中出现了表示过去的具体时间状语,句子的内容为过去的实际情况或为历史事实时,句中的动词时态通常用一般过去时。
The
teacher
said
that
it
was
Columbus
who
first
discovered
the
American
continent.
老师说是哥伦布最早发现了美洲大陆。
My
parents
told
me
that
I
was
born
on
May
16th,1990.我的父母告诉我,我是在1990年5月16日出生的。
3.如果两个动作紧接着发生,常常不用过去完成时,而用一般过去时,特别是在包含before和after从句的主从复合句中。
After
we
said
goodbye
to
the
Smiths,we
left
their
home.
在我们和史密斯夫妇告别了之后,我们就离开了他们家。
Just
before
I
left
Guangzhou,I
sent
my
friend
an
email.
在离开广州前,我给我的朋友发了一封电子邮件。
四、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响,与现在有关,其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。
过去完成时则是一个相对的时态,它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去,更强调“过去的过去”,只有和过去某时间或某动作相比较时,才用到它。试比较:
I
have
learned
1,000
English
words
so
far.
到目前为止,我已经学会了1,000个英语单词。
I
had
learned
1,000
English
words
till
then.
到那时为止我已经学会了1,000个英语单词。
—I'm
sorry
to
keep
you
waiting.
对不起,让你久等了。
—Oh,
not
at
all.
I
have
been
here
only
a
few
minutes.
没什么,我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)
—John
returned
home
yesterday.
约翰昨天回到家的。
—Where
had
he
been?
他去哪儿了?(答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在returned
home
之前去了什么地方,即“过去的过去”)
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.I
had
finished
(finish)
reading
the
novel
by
nine
o'clock
last
night.?
2.They
had
planted
(plant)
six
hundred
trees
before
last
Wednesday.?
3.The
manager
is
said
to
have
arrived
back
from
Paris
where
he
had
met
(meet)
some
European
business
partners.?
4.We
arrived
at
work
in
the
morning
and
found
that
somebody
had
broken
(break)
into
the
office
during
the
night.?
5.Last
month,
the
Japanese
government
expressed
their
thanks
for
the
aid
theyhad
received
(receive)
from
China.?
6.By
the
time
Jack
returned
home
from
England,
his
sonhad
graduated
(graduate)
from
college.?
7.The
two
girls
got
on
very
well
with
each
other,
even
though
it
was
the
first
time
theyhad
met
(meet).?
8.I
found
the
lecture
hard
to
follow
because
it
had
started
(start)
when
I
arrived.?
9.Last
week
I
took
part
in
the
Civil
Service
Admission
Examination,
for
which
I
had
prepared
(prepare)
for
nearly
three
months.?
10.When
Jack
arrived
he
learned
Maryhad
been
(be)
away
for
almost
an
hour.?
11.We
had
hoped
(hope)
that
you
would
come
to
see
us,
but
you
didn't.?
12.Hardly
had
he
begun
to
speak
when
the
audience
interrupted
(interrupt)
him.
13.I
had
no
sooner
reached
the
bus
stop
than
the
bus
started.
14.I
had
scarcely
finished
the
exercise
when
the
bell
rang.
15.His
first
novel
has
received
(receive)
good
reviews
since
it
came
out
last
month.?
Ⅱ.语法与主题写作
1.写作要点
　　根据本单元语法知识和主题知识补全句子。
①达尔文是英国的博物学家、地质学家和进化论的奠基人。
Darwin
was
an
English
naturalist,
geologist
and
founder
of
the
theory
of
evolution.?
②查尔斯·达尔文于1809年2月12日诞生在英国的一个小城镇。
Charles
Darwin
was
born
on
February
12,
1809
in
a
small
town
in
England.?
③他搭乘贝格尔号进行了环球航行,做了五年的科学考察。
He
sailed
around
the
world
on
the
Beagle
and
did
scientific
research
for
five
years.?
④他在观察和收集了大量的动植物后,提出了进化论。
He
put
forward
a
theory
of
evolution
after
he
had
observed
and
collected
a
variety
of
animals
and
plants.?
⑤1859年,他出版了震动当时学术界的《物种起源》。In
1859,
On
the
Origin
of
Species,
which
shook
the
academic
world
at
that
time,
was
published.?
2.串句成文
　　将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
Charles
Darwin,
who
was
born
on
February
12,
1809
in
a
small
town
in
England,
was
an
English
naturalist,
geologist
and
founder
of
the
theory
of
evolution.
He
sailed
around
the
world
on
the
Beagle
and
did
scientific
research
for
five
years.
He
put
forward
a
theory
of
evolution
after
he
had
observed
and
collected
a
variety
of
animals
and
plants.
In
1859,
On
the
Origin
of
Species,
which
shook
the
academic
world
at
that
time,
was
published.?Unit
5
Revealing
nature
Section
Ⅳ　Integrated
skills
主题听说专练
Ⅰ.词汇翻译
1.biodiversity
生物多样性　2.species
物种
3.bacteria
细菌　　　　4.whale
鲸鱼
5.animal
动物　　　　6.virus
病毒
7.tortoise
陆龟　　　　8.ecosystem
生态系统
9.plant
植物　　　　10.primitive
原始的
11.bird
鸟　　　　12.fish
鱼
13.ancestor
祖先　　　　14.scientific
科学的
15.habitat
栖息地
Ⅱ.选择恰当选项补全对话
背景导学
对话中因一方在超市看到漂亮的鱼并想买一些,从而引出养鱼的建议。
W:I
saw
a
beautiful
fish
in
the
market
the
other
day.
It
was
orange
and
blue.
I'm
thinking
of
buying
some
next
Sunday.
M:1.B
W:In
that
round
bottle
over
there.
M:It's
a
bit
small,
isn't
it?
W:So
are
the
fish.
M:I
think
you
should
get
a
tank
if
you
want
to
keep
fish.
W:2.A
M:Yes.
You
should
never
keep
fish
in
a
small
round
bottle.
They
don't
get
enough
air.
I
suggest
we
go
shopping
together
and
look
for
a
nice
tank.
W:3.C
M:Check
the
price
before
you
buy
one.
And
you
ought
to
put
a
few
large
rocks
in
the
tank.
Fish
love
swimming
around
the
rocks
and
through
holes
in
them.
W:Is
there
anything
else
that
I
ought
to
get?
M:4.D
For
one
thing
they
keep
the
water
clean.
Also
they
make
the
tank
look
much
prettier.
A.Really?
B.Where
will
you
keep
them?
C.That
might
be
quite
expensive.
D.Yes,
you
need
to
get
some
underwater
plants.
Ⅲ.根据提示完成对话
背景导学
该对话讲述了Sammo
Hung的相关信息。
M:1.Have
you
ever
heard
of
(你曾经听说过)
Sammo
Hung??
W:Yeah,
but
not
very
much.
I
know
he
was
born
in
Hong
Kong
and
is
a
famous
actor.
M:2.Do
you
know
about
his
hobbies
(你知道他的爱好)
or
interests?
?
W:When
he
was
9,
he
started
studying
singing,
dancing
and
kung
fu.
3.It's
said
that
(据说)
he
has
starred
in
many
films.
?
M:75
films.
He
has
also
become
an
independent
director.
W:I
think
he
is
the
best
actor
in
China.
M:Absolutely.
But
4.do
you
know
what
he
could
do
in
the
kitchen
(你知道他在厨房中能做什么吗)?
?
W:I
don't
know.
Tell
me.
M:In
the
kitchen,
with
his
wife
by
his
side
he
still
puts
on
quite
a
dinnertime
show.
W:It
must
be
wonderful
to
see
that.
M:His
cooking
motto
is“Enjoy
the
moment”.
5.If
you
want
to
know
how
he
cooks
(如果你想知道他怎么做饭),
visit
the
website.
?
Ⅳ.根据听力材料回答问题
背景导学
该听力材料介绍了马克·霍夫曼通过实验研究得知,并非所有的蔬菜都喜欢阳光。
　　Hello,
everyone.
Welcome
back
to
the
program.
We
all
know
plants
need
sunshine
to
grow.
But
actually,
not
all
vegetables
need
lots
of
sunshine.
Mark
Hoffman
and
his
wife
own
a
guesthouse
in
Kempton,
Illinois.
They
often
serve
their
guests
fresh
vegetables
from
their
garden.
For
almost
ten
years,
the
Hoffmans
have
been
experimenting
with
shade
plantings.
Curious
visitors
often
ask
how
they
do
it.
Here
is
the
answer:they
grow
tomatoes
near
the
trees
that
produce
a
lot
of
shade.
Tomato
plants
grow
as
long
as
they
get
five
hours
a
day
of
direct
sunshine,
especially
the
morning
sun.
This
goes
against
the
traditional
advice
that
tomatoes
need
eight,
even
twelve
hours
a
day
of
full
sun.
In
fact,
plants
and
tree
roots
can
share
something
in
common.
Besides
tomatoes,
the
Hoffmans
grow
Irish
potatoes.
Plants
with
wider
leaves
seem
to
do
better
in
shady
environments.
The
potatoes
grow
better
in
the
shade
than
in
full
sun.
1.What
do
the
Hoffmans
do
for
a
living?
They
run
a
guesthouse.?
2.How
long
have
the
Hoffmans
been
experimenting
with
fresh
vegetables?
Nearly
ten
years.?
3.How
much
direct
sunshine
do
tomato
plants
actually
need
every
day?
Five
hours.?
4.Why
do
Irish
potatoes
grow
better
in
the
shade?
Because
they
have
wider
leaves.?Unit
5
Revealing
nature
Section
Ⅴ　Developing
ideas
&
Other
parts
Ⅰ.课标单词
1.单词拼写
①root
/ru?t/n.根
②link
/l??k/v.把……联系起来;连接
③centimetre
/?sent??mi?t?/n.厘米
④fungal
/?f??ɡ(?)l/adj.真菌的
2.根据英文释义选词填空
myth　wasp　pesticide　fungus　cybercrime
①cybercrime:the
illegal
use
of
computers
and
the
Internet
②myth:a
story
from
ancient
times,
especially
one
that
was
told
to
explain
natural
events
or
to
describe
the
early
history
of
a
people;this
type
of
story
③wasp:a
black
and
yellow
flying
insect
that
can
sting
④pesticide:a
chemical
used
for
killing
pests,
especially
insects
⑤fungus:a
plant
that
has
no
flowers,
leaves,
or
green
colouring,
such
as
a
mushroom
or
a
toadstool
3.词汇拓展
①legend
/?led?(?)nd/n.传说,传奇(故事)→legendary/?led??ndri/adj.传奇的;传说的;非常著名的
②detect
/d??tekt/v.发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)→detection/d??tek?n/n.侦查;察觉;发现→detective/d??tekt?v/n.警探;(私人)侦探
Ⅱ.情境词块
1.give
advice
to给……建议
2.communicate
with与……交流
3.after
all毕竟,终究
4.get
attacked
by被……袭击
5.tiny
amounts
of微量的……
6.drive...away驱赶……
7.in
some
ways
在某些方面上
8.link...to...把……与……连接起来
9.share...with...与……分享……
10.steal
sth.
from...从……中偷某物
11.have...in
common有……共同点
12.side
by
side
肩并肩地;并排地
Ⅲ.情境佳句
1.
句型公式
sb.
be
said
to
do
sth.
教材原句
Alexander
the
Great
and
Marco
Polo
were
said
to
have
visited
such
a
tree
in
India.
尝试翻译
据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过这样一棵树。
2.
句型公式
It
has
been+过去分词+that...
教材原句
It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
chemicals
to
communicate
with
each
other.
尝试翻译
人们早就知道植物利用化学物质相互交流。
3.
句型公式
call+宾语+宾语补足语
教材原句
Scientists
call
this
system
the“wood
wide
web”.
尝试翻译
科学家们称这个系统为“植物万维网”。
4.
句型公式
way后接定语从句
教材原句
Scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other.
尝试翻译
科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交谈的秘密方式。
Ⅰ.文本理解
Step
1　Reading
for
the
main
idea.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.The
main
characteristics
of
plants.
B.The
communication
ways
of
plants.
C.The
myths
and
legends
about
plants.
D.The
communication
between
people
and
plants.
答案　B
Step
2　Reading
for
the
structure.
　　Fill
in
the
following
blanks
with
proper
words.
The
Secret
Languages
of
Plants
Modern
research
is
showing
that
plants
can
1.communicate.
Using
chemicals
·The
plant
releases
chemicals
2.from
the
leaves
that
are
being
eaten.
·When
another
plant
detects
the
chemicals,
it
starts
to
3.release
its
own,
different
chemicals.
Using
sound
·Some
plants
make
noises
4.with
their
roots.
·A
chilli
plant
can
5.tell
if
a
neighbouring
plant
is
helpful,
or
unfriendly.
Some
trees
make
6.clicking
noises
when
there
is
not
enough
water,
indicating
drought
is
arriving.
Using
the
“wood
wide
web”
·This
fungal
network
links
the
roots
of
different
plants
to
each
other.
·Plants
can
7.share
information
and
even
food
with
each
other.
·Plants
can
8.steal
food
from
each
other,
or
spread
poisons
to
attack
other
plants.
Step
3　Reading
for
the
details.
　　Choose
the
best
answer
according
to
the
text.
1.What's
the
purpose
of
speaking
of
the
film
Avatar?
A.To
tell
some
modern
film
stories.
B.To
introduce
the
topic
of
the
text.
C.To
attract
the
readers
to
seeing
the
film.
D.To
explain
that
the
trees
can
talk
with
people
and
animals.
答案　B
2.Why
do
scientists
want
to
learn
more
about
the
plant
warning
system?
A.To
protect
the
plants.
B.To
grow
crops
without
pesticides.
C.To
protect
the
natural
environment.
D.To
use
chemicals
to
communicate.
答案　B
3.How
do
chillies
make
noises?
A.By
using
their
roots.
B.By
moving
their
leaves.
C.By
releasing
chemicals.
D.By
making
clicking
noises.
答案　A
4.Which
sentence
uses
the
same
figure
of
speech
as
the
wood
wide
web
has
its
own
version
of
“cybercrime”?
A.New
research
has
revealed
something
amazing.
B.Some
of
these
chemicals
drive
insects
away.
C.People
can't
hear
plants'
sounds,
but
plants
are
making
them.
D.Plants
can
steal
food
from
each
other.
答案　D
学会学习
拟人化意味着把人类的特征赋予不是人类的东西。
通过利用人类的特征来描述一个物体、动物甚至一个地方,可以使描述更加生动。
Ⅱ.难句突破
1.[图解难句]
[自我分析]这是一个主从复合句,其中with的复合结构在句中作让步状语,believing后接的that从句在句中作宾语,主句部分为主系表结构;appears后的that引导表语从句。
[尝试翻译]　我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻想之中,但新研究有了令人惊奇的发现:植物间似乎确实可以交流。
2.[图解难句]
[自我分析]这是一个主从复合句,其中when引导时间状语从句,主句部分为主谓宾结构,现在分词短语indicating...在句中作状语,其后接省略that的宾语从句。
[尝试翻译]　有些树木在水分不足时会发出咔嗒声,以示干旱就要来了。
Ⅲ.文本复述
Step
1　Question
Answering
　　根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1.What
has
the
new
research
revealed
about
plants?
The
new
research
has
revealed
that
it
appears
that
plants
can
communicate.?
2.How
can
plants
communicate
with
each
other?
Plants
use
chemicals
and
sound
to
communicate.
They
also
use
the
wood
wide
web
to
communicate.
?
3.How
is
the
wood
wide
web
linked
underground?
The
wood
wide
web
is
linked
underground
by
fungi.?
4.What
can
plants
do
using
the
wood
wide
web?
Using
the
wood
wide
web,
plants
can
share
information
and
even
food
with
each
other.?
Step
2　Text
Retelling
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的60词左右的短文。
The
new
research
has
revealed
that
it
appears
that
plants
can
communicate.
Plants
can
not
only
use
chemicals
but
also
use
sound
to
communicate.
Besides,
they
can
also
use
the
wood
wide
web
to
communicate,
which
is
linked
underground
by
fungi.
Using
the
wood
wide
web,
plants
can
share
information
and
even
food
with
each
other.?
板块一　语言知识
1.Alexander
the
Great
and
Marco
Polo
were
said
to
have
visited
such
a
tree
in
India.据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过这样一棵树。(教材P56)
语言点1
句型公式:sb.
be
said
to
do...
情境探究
①In
Stephen
Hawking's
case,
it
was
discovered
that
he
was
a
brilliant
scientist.在斯蒂芬·霍金的例子中,我们发现他是一位杰出的科学家。
②It
is
said
that
a
large
number
of
paper-cutting
works
by
experts
throughout
China
will
be
on
show,
and
some
of
them
are
made
by
famous
artists.
据说,全中国的专家们创作的大量的剪纸作品将被展出,并且其中一些是由著名的艺术家创作的。
③People
say
that
lightning
never
strikes
twice
in
the
same
place.据说闪电从来不会在同一个地方重复出现。
归纳拓展
(1)常用于该句型的过去分词有said、thought、reported、believed、supposed、considered、discovered等。
(2)该句型可以转换为“It
is/was+过去分词+that从句”或“People
say/think...+that从句”。
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①It
is
noticed
(notice)
that
a
chief
editor
or
advisor
who
leads
the
activity
is
needed.
?
②This
book
is
reported
to
have
been
translated
(translate)
into
many
different
languages.?
(2)一句多译
有人说,温室气体是导致全球变暖的主要原因。
③It
is
said
that
greenhouse
gases
are
the
main
cause
of
global
warming.?
④People
say
that
greenhouse
gases
are
the
main
cause
of
global
warming.?
⑤Greenhouse
gases
are
said
to
be
the
main
cause
of
global
warming.?
2.It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
chemicals
to
communicate
with
each
other.人们早就知道植物利用化学物质相互交流。(教材P56)
语言点2
communicate
with
与……交流
情境探究
①He
refused
to
communicate
with
others,
even
the
family
members.他拒绝与他人交流,甚至是家人。
②You
can
communicate
the
power
of
enthusiasm
to
anyone
who
needs
it.你可以把激情的力量传递给每一个需要的人。
③Good
communication
skills
include
learning
body
language.
良好的沟通技巧包括学会使用肢体语言。
④I
will
be
in
communication
with
the
police
about
this
matter.关于这件事我将和警察沟通。
归纳拓展
(1)communicate
sth.
to
sb.把……传达给某人
(2)communication
n.传达;通信;交流
in
communication
with
sb.与某人交流/沟通
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①This
non-stop
communication
(communicate),
the
experts
think,
has
made
it
easier
for
British
people
and
Americans
to
understand
each
other.
②The
radio
stations
communicated
the
storm
warning
to
the
islanders.
(2)单句写作
③会说一种以上的语言可以让人们与他人更容易交流。
Speaking
more
than
one
language
allows
people
to
communicate
with
others
more
easily.?
3.The
plant
releases
tiny
amounts
of
chemicals
from
the
leaves
that
are
being
eaten.这棵植物正在遭受啃食的叶子会释放出微量的化学物质。(教材P56)
语言点3
tiny
amounts
of
微量的……
情境探究
①We've
had
an
enormous
amount
of
help
from
people.
我们得到了人们的大力帮助。
②The
server
is
designed
to
store
huge
amounts
of
data.
该服务器是为存储大量数据设计的。
③At
the
start
of
this
year,
foreigners
living
in
Italy
amounted
to
4.56
million.
今年年初,居住在意大利的外国人总计456万。
归纳拓展
(1)amount
n.数量,数额;金额
a
large/great
amount
of+n.大量的……(作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式)
large
amounts
of+n.大量的……(作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式)
the
amount
of+n.
……的数量(作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式)
(2)amount
vi.总计
amount
to
sth.等于;总计
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①A
large
amount
of
money
is
spent
(spend)
on
advertisements
every
year.?
②It
is
reported
that
large
amounts
of
money
were
spent
(spend)
repairing
the
bridge.?
③The
amount
of
sleep
we
need
varies
(vary)
from
person
to
person.
④The
fall
of
rain
last
month
amounted
to
seven
inches.
(2)单句写作
⑤(2019课标全国Ⅲ)今天8或10美元似乎是一笔小钱,但当时这些数额对大多数公民而言是令人生畏的。
Today
$8
or
$10
seemsa
small
amount
of
money,
but
at
that
time
these
amounts
were
forbidding
to
most
citizens.?
4.Some
of
these
chemicals
drive
insects
away.其中一些化学物质能驱赶昆虫。(教材P56)
语言点4
drive...away驱赶;驱车离开;驾车送走
情境探究
①Someone
drove
the
car
away
in
the
night.
有人夜里把车开走了。
②Don't
stop─drive
on!
不要停——继续往前开!
③New
fashions
drive
out
old
ones.
新款式服装使旧的款式不再流行。
④All
those
children
running
around
the
house
drove
me
crazy.
I
had
to
go
for
a
walk.那些孩子都在屋里到处乱跑,真使我抓狂。我不得不出去走一走。
⑤That
driver
drove
the
car
up
the
ramp.那司机将车开上了斜坡。
归纳拓展
drive
off驱车离去;驶去;击退;赶走
drive
on驱车继续行驶
drive
sb./sth.
out
(of
sth.)
驱散;消除;使停止
drive
sth.
up/down抬高(或压低);使上升(或下跌)
drive
sb.
crazy/mad
把人逼得发疯/发狂
drive
through驾(车)穿过……
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①The
girls
hurried
outside,
climbed
into
the
car,
and
drove
off/away.
②In
the
morning,
the
wind
rose
and
drove
the
dark
clouds
out
of
the
sky.
③The
shortage
of
bread
will
probably
drive
prices
up.
④From
Simao
we
drove
southward
through
the
mountains
towards
Jinghong.
(2)单句写作
⑤整天做这种不用动脑筋的工作会使我发疯的。
Doing
this
mindless
work
all
day
is
going
to
drive
me
crazy/mad.?
5.Most
surprisingly
of
all,
plants
have
an
amazing
system
of
communication
that
can
link
nearly
every
plant
in
a
forest.最令人惊讶的是,植物有一套惊人的交流系统,几乎可以连接起森林中的每一种植物。(教材P56)
语言点5
link
v.把……连接起来;联系;挽住;钩住
情境探究
①This
old
Silk
Road
linked
China
with/to
the
West
in
ancient
times.这条古老的丝绸之路在古时候把中国和西方连接了起来。
②Most
scientists
accept
that
climate
change
is
linked
to/with
carbon
emissions.
大多数科学家相信气候变化与碳排放有关。
③The
two
spacecraft
will
link
up
in
orbit.
两艘宇宙飞船将在轨道上对接。
④Police
suspect
there
may
be
a
link
between
the
two
murders.
警方怀疑那两桩凶杀案可能有关联。
归纳拓展
(1)link
A
to/with
B
把A和B连接起来;说明A和B有联系
link
A
and
B
(together)把A和B连接起来
link
up
(with
sb./sth.)(与……)连接,结合;使结合
(2)link
n.联系;连接;关系;纽带;(链状物的)环,节,圈;链接
学以致用
(1)赏句猜义
①The
two
girls
linked
arms
as
they
strolled
down
the
street.
挽住
②Newspapers
have
linked
his
name
with
the
singer.
说明A和B有联系
③The
video
cameras
are
linked
to
a
powerful
computer.
连接到
④Social
customs
provide
a
vital
link
between
generations.
纽带,关系
⑤To
visit
similar
websites
to
this
one,
click
on
the
links
at
the
bottom
of
the
page.
链接
(2)单句填空
⑥A
common
wall
links
the
house
to/and/with
its
neighbour.
⑦The
bands
have
linked
up
for
a
charity
concert.
6.Scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other.科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交谈的秘密方式。(教材P57)
语言点6
句型公式:way后接定语从句
情境探究
①The
way
(that/which)
he
told
us
was
quite
simple.
他告诉我们的那个方法很简单。
②What
surprised
me
was
not
what
he
said
but
the
way
(that/in
which)
he
said
it.
令我吃惊的不是他说的话而是他说话的方式。
③We'll
have
to
think
of
a
way
of
solving
the
problem.
我们必须想出解决问题的方法。
归纳拓展
way作“方式,方法”讲时,后接定语从句时有两种情况:
(1)当way
后面的定语从句缺少方式状语时,定语从句可用that/in
which引导,也可以省略。
(2)当way后面的定语从句缺少主语、宾语时,关系词用that/which(作宾语时引导词可以省略,作主语时引导词不可以省略)。
(3)a
way
to
do
sth./a
way
of
doing
sth.
做某事的方法
学以致用
(1)单句填空
①I
don't
like
the
way
inwhich
he
looks
at
me.
②Can
you
tell
me
the
way
that/which
you
use
to
work
out
the
maths
problem?
③I
created
a
way
to
get
(get)
my
message
across
while
using
as
few
words
as
possible.
?
(2)单句写作
④然而,当她挂断电话时,她对她处理电话的方式感到遗憾。
However,
when
she
hung
up,
she
regretted
the
way
she
had
handled
the
call.?
板块二　课文对译
用适当的词句补全教材原文。
The
Secret
Language
of
Plants
Talking
plants
have
long
been
a
thing
of
myths①
and
legends②.Many
cultures
have
stories
of
talking
trees
that
give
advice
as
well
as
warnings
to
people.
Alexander
the
Great
and
Marco
Polo
were
said
to
have
visited
such
a
tree
in
India.③
And
in
some
modern
stories,
such
as
the
film
Avatar,
trees
can
communicate
with
animals
and
people.?
[文本解读]本段通过神话传说和现代电影故事引出树能与动物和人交流。
植物密语
会说话的植物一直是神话①和传说②中的一大元素。在许多种文化中流传下来的故事里,会说话的树给予人们忠告和警示。据说亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过这样一棵(会说话的)树。③在一些现代故事,例如电影《阿凡达》中,树可以与人类和动物沟通交流。
　　With
us
long
believing
that
talking
plants
are
fantasy,
new
research
has
revealed
something
amazing:
it
appears
that
plants
can
communicate
after
all④.?
[文本解读]本段通过新的研究揭示文章主题:植物能互相交流。
　　我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻想之中,但新研究有了令人惊奇的发现:植物间似乎确实可以交流。④
　　It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
chemicals
to
communicate
with
each
other.⑤
This
happens
when
a
plant,
say
a
bean
plant,
gets
attacked
by
insects.
The
plant
releases
tiny
amounts
of⑥
chemicals
from
the
leaves
that
are
being
eaten.
This
is
like
a
warning,
or
a
call
for
help:
“I'm
being
attacked!”
When
another
bean
plant
detects⑦
the
chemicals
from
its
injured
neighbour,
it
starts
to
release
its
own,
different
chemicals.
Some
of
these
chemicals
drive
insects
away⑧.
Others
attract
insects—the
wasps⑨!
The
wasps
kill
the
insects
that
are
eating
the
bean
plants.
Scientists
hope
to
learn
more
about
this
plant
warning
system,
so
that
we
can
use
it
to
grow
crops
without
pesticides⑩.?
[文本解读]本段首句指出该段的主题——植物使用化学物质进行交流,接下来详细介绍植物使用化学物质交流的方式以及科学家们研究植物警告系统的目的。
　　人们早就知道植物利用化学物质相互交流。⑤当一株植物——比如豆科植物——被昆虫袭击时,就会发生这种情况。植物正在遭受啃食的叶子会释放出微量的⑥化学物质。这像是警示,抑或求救:“我被攻击了!”
当另一株豆类植物察觉⑦到附近受伤同伴释放的化学物质时,它自身便开始释放不同的化学物质,其中一些化学物质能驱赶⑧昆虫,而另一些则会吸引昆虫——黄蜂⑨!黄蜂会杀死那些啃食豆类植物的昆虫。科学家们希望能进一步了解这种植物警报系统,以便我们可以将其应用于不用使用农药⑩的农作物的种植。
　　More
surprisingly,
plants
also
use
sound
to
communicate.
People
can't
hear
these
sounds,
but
plants
are
making
them.
Some
plants
make
noises
with
their
roots.
Corn
and
chilli
plants
do
this.
They
also
“listen”
to
the
noises
from
other
plants.
A
chilli
plant
can
tell
if
a
neighbouring
plant
is
helpful,
or
unfriendly.
Some
trees
make
clicking
noises
when
there
is
not
enough
water,
indicating
drought
is
arriving?
[文本解读]本段结构为“总—分”式。开篇点题,之后详细介绍植物使用声音交流的方式。
　　更不可思议的是,植物也能用声音交流。虽然人类听不到这些声音,但植物确实正在发出声音。有些植物通过根部发出声响,比如玉米和辣椒。它们还能“听见”其他植物发出的声响。辣椒可以知道自己附近的植物是敌是友。有些树木在水分不足时会发出咔嗒声,以示干旱就要来了
　　Most
surprisingly
of
all,
plants
have
an
amazing
system
of
communication
that
can
link
nearly
every
plant
in
a
forest.
Scientists
call
this
system
the
“wood
wide
web”.
It
is
in
some
ways
similar
to
the
Internet
we
use.
While
the
Internet
is
a
worldwide
network
of
computers
linked
by
cables
and
satellites,
the
wood
wide
web
is
linked
underground
by
fungi.
This
fungal
network
links
the
roots
of
different
plants
to
each
other.
Using
the
wood
wide
web,
plants
can
share
information
and
even
food
with
each
other.
For
example,
some
pine
trees
can
send
food
to
smaller
pine
trees
to
help
them
grow.
But
just
like
our
own
Internet,
the
wood
wide
web
has
its
own
version
of
“cybercrime”.
Plants
can
steal
food
from
each
other,
or
spread
poisons
to
attack
other
plants.
Perhaps
one
day
scientists
will
learn
how
to
create
a
“firewall”
to
help
prevent
these
attacks
within
the
wood
wide
web.
[文本解读]本段介绍了植物的另一种交流方式——“植物万维网”,并采用拟人的手法具体介绍了植物使用“植物万维网”的方式等。
　　最令人惊讶的是,植物拥有一套惊人的交流系统,几乎可以连接起森林中的每一种植物。科学家称这个系统为“植物万维网”。在某些方面上,它很像我们使用的互联网。互联网是一个由电缆和卫星连接的全球计算机网络,而植物万维网是在地下通过真菌连接而成的。这种真菌的网络将不同植物的根连接在一起。利用植物万维网,植物可以互相分享信息甚至是食物。例如,一些松树可以把食物输送到较小的松树上,帮助它们生长。但就像我们自己的互联网一样,植物万维网也有自己的“网络犯罪”模式。
植物可以互相窃取食物,或者散播毒素攻击其他植物。也许有一天,科学家们会研究出如何创建一个“防火墙”,以帮助阻止植物万维网中的这些攻击。
　　Scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other
Who
knows?
Maybe
one
day
we
will
know
enough
about
plant
communication
to
be
able
to
“talk”
with
them
ourselves.
?
[文本解读]本段介绍了科学家们进一步的工作以及对未来的希望。
　　科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交谈的秘密方式谁知道呢?
也许有一天,我们会知道足够多的有关植物交流的知识,从而能亲自和植物“聊天”了。
Ⅰ.语境填词
1.There
is
a
famous
Greek
myth
(神话)
in
which
Icarus
flew
too
near
to
the
Sun.
2.It
is
difficult
to
separate
legends
(传说)
from
the
truth.
3.Arnold
could
detect
(察觉)
a
certain
sadness
in
the
old
man's
face.
4.It's
21
years
since
she
first
moved
to
Britain
from
Lebanon,
but
she
hasn't
forgotten
her
roots
(根).
5.The
highway
links(连接)
the
two
cities
together,
which
saves
travel
time.
6.It
was
impossible
to
move
as
much
as
a
centimetre(厘米)
in
any
direction.
7.You
can
taste
the
chilli(辣椒)
in
the
dish
but
it
is
a
little
sweet.
8.The
good
news
about
fungi(真菌)
is
that
they
are
relatively
stable.
Ⅱ.语境选词
after
all,
side
by
side,
drive...away,
steal...from...,
communicate
with,
be
linked
to
1.Things
weren't
so
bad
after
all.
I
was
among
my
friends
again.
?
2.We
must
stand
side
by
side
in
this
trouble
and
help
each
other.?
3.The
light
rail
station
is
linked
to
Beijing's
subway
system,
so
transportation
is
seamless(无缝的).?
4.A
number
of
priceless
works
of
art
were
stolen
from
the
gallery.?
5.Over
a
hundred
people
must
have
been
driven
away
from
their
homes.?
6.Dolphins
use
sound
to
communicate
with
each
other.
?
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.据说她在20年以前曾是一位女演员。(be
said
to
have
done...)
She
was
said
to
have
been
an
actress
about
twenty
years
ago.?
2.两位领导人好像在举行秘密会谈。(It
appears
that...)
It
appears
that
the
two
leaders
are
holding
secret
talks.?
3.大家都知道,在中国,姓氏放最前面。(It
is
known
that...)
It
is
known
that
family
names
come
first
in
China.?
4.我们有许多科学的方法解决这个问题。(in
which引导定语从句)
There
are
many
scientific
ways
in
which
we
solve
the
problem.?
5.男孩们抬起腿,示意他们要爬进来。(indicating...作状语)
The
boys
lifted
up
their
legs,
indicating
they
wanted
to
climb
in.?
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
New
research
has
revealed
it
1.appears
(appear)
that
plants
can
communicate
after
all.
It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
chemicals
to
communicate
2.with
each
other.
This
happens
when
a
plant
gets
attacked
by
insects.
The
plant
releases
tiny
amounts
of
chemicals
from
the
leaves
that
are
being
eaten.
When
another
plant
detects
the
chemicals
from
its
3.injured
(injure)
neighbour,
it
starts
to
release
its
own,
4.different
(differ)
chemicals.
Some
of
these
chemicals
drive
insects
away.
Others
attract
other
insects
to
kill
the
insects
5.eating
(eat)
the
plants.
Plants
also
use
sound
to
communicate.
Some
plants
make
noises
with
their
6.roots
(root).
They
also
“listen”
to
the
noises
from
other
plants.
Some
trees
make
clicking
noises
when
there
is
not
enough
water,
indicating
drought
7.is
arriving
(arrive).
Most
surprisingly,
plants
have
an
amazing
system
of
communication
that
can
link
8.nearly
(near)
every
plant
in
a
forest.
Scientists
call
this
system
the
“wood
wide
web”,
which
is
linked
underground
by
fungi.
This
fungal
network
links
the
roots
of
different
plants
to
each
other.
Using
9.the
wood
wide
web,
plants
can
share
information
and
even
food
with
each
other.
But
just
like
our
own
Internet,
the
wood
wide
web
has
its
own
version
of
“cybercrime”.
Plants
can
steal
food
from
each
other,
10.or
spread
poisons
to
attack
other
plants.?
In
all,
scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other.
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The
hill
is
supposed
to
be
the
resting
place
of
the
legendary
(legend)
King
Lud.
2.The
company
hired
a
detective
(detect)
to
look
into
the
accident.
3.Bacteria
and
fungi
(fungus)
are
other
important
soil
organisms.
4.This
book
is
said
to
have
been
translated
(translate)
into
English.?
5.Large
amounts
of
water
have
been
wasted
(waste)
in
the
factory
so
far.
?
6.I
liked
the
open,
honest
way
in
which
the
man
talked
to
me.
7.I'm
feeling
like
a
stranger
when
I
drove
through
my
hometown.
8.The
two
families
linked
up
through
the
marriage
of
a
daughter
and
a
son.
Ⅱ.同义替换
link,
a
large
amount
of,
detect,
drive
away,
root,
communicate
with,
legend,
steal...from...
1.Most
skin
cancers
can
be
cured
if
discovered
and
treated
early.
(detected)
2.The
railroad
connects
two
cities,
namely,
New
York
and
Chicago.
(links)
3.Drinking
and
driving
is
one
of
the
most
common
causes
of
traffic
accidents.
(roots)
4.He
was
sitting
amongst
a
group
of
children,
telling
them
a
story.
(legend)
5.May
I
come
and
talk
with
you
whenever
it's
convenient?
(communicate
with)?
6.I
saw
him
leave
in
a
car
in
the
direction
of
the
town.
(drive
away)?
7.She
got
the
boot
because
she
took
money
from
the
store.
(stole;from)
8.I
also
had
friends
who
gave
me
a
great
deal
of
encouragement.
(a
large
amount
of)?
Ⅲ.教材原句翻译
1.我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻想之中,但新研究有了令人惊奇的发现:植物间似乎确实可以交流。
With
us
long
believing
that
talking
plants
are
fantasy,
new
research
has
revealed
something
amazing:
it
appears
that
plants
can
communicate
after
all.?
2.人们早就知道植物可以利用化学物质相互交流。
It
has
been
known
for
some
time
that
plants
use
chemicals
to
communicate
with
each
other.
?
3.植物正在遭受啃食的叶子会释放出微量的化学物质。
The
plant
releases
tiny
amounts
of
chemicals
from
the
leaves
that
are
being
eaten.?
4.有些树木在缺水时会发出咔嗒声,以示干旱就要来了。
Some
trees
make
clicking
noises
when
there
is
not
enough
water,
indicating
drought
is
arriving.?
5.科学家们每天都在学习更多关于植物相互交谈的秘密方式。
Scientists
are
learning
more
every
day
about
the
secret
ways
in
which
plants
talk
to
each
other.?
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(2020北京顺义牛栏山一中高一下期中)
Animals
in
Antarctica
There
are
no
land
animals
that
actually
live
in
Antarctica!However,the
surrounding
oceans
are
rich
in
living
creatures!It's
just
too
cold
to
support
very
many
life
forms!Now
let's
meet
some
of
the
Antarctica's
animals.
Weddell
Seal
They
are
the
southernmost
pinniped(鳍足类的)in
the
world.
Males
are
generally
smaller
than
females.
Interestingly,a
newborn
pup
has
a
coat
of
long
hair,which
they
will
shed(脱落)
within
the
first
month
as
the
protective
layer
of
their
body
is
developed.
Blue
Whale
Named
for
its
blue-gray
color,this
huge
animal
may
grow
to
be
roughly
100
feet
long
and
weigh
more
than
120
tons!A
blue
whale
eats
about
4
tons
of
krill(磷虾)per
day
during
the
feeding
season!This
means
that
about
40
million
krill
are
eaten
every
day
for
six
months
by
a
blue
whale!The
tongue
of
the
blue
whale
can
be
as
big
as
a
Volkswagen!The
blue
whale
is
the
loudest
animal
on
earth!
Rockhopper
Penguin
One
of
the
most
beautiful
penguins,the
Rockhopper
penguins
shake
their
heads
and
cause
their
yellow
eyebrows
to
fly
into
a
“halo”in
order
to
attract
a
mate!
Wandering
Albatross
This
species
of
albatross
wanders
the
oceans
for
months
at
a
time
searching
for
food.
It
sleeps
on
the
ocean
surface
at
night
and
drinks
sea
water.
The
Wandering
Albatross
is
the
largest
bird
in
the
world
in
terms
of
the
wing
span—11
feet!
Ross
Seal
Ross
Seals
are
very
rarely
seen
because
they
live
deep
within
the
pack
ice.
It
is
believed
that
Ross
Seals
feed
mainly
on
squid,fish
and
krill.
They
were
named
after
the
British
polar
explorer
Sir
James
Ross,who
first
discovered
them
in
1840.
Emperor
Penguin
Emperor
Penguins
are
the
biggest
of
the
17
penguin
species.
They
are
flightless
birds.
They
are
the
only
living
species
to
reproduce
during
the
harsh
Antarctic
winter.
Without
a
nest,
the
father
Emperor
Penguin
keeps
the
egg
warm
by
holding
it
on
his
feet
for
2—3
months
until
spring,
during
which
the
father
doesn't
eat
anything
and
he
just
eats
a
little
snow
for
moisture.
Unbelievable!What
a
Dad!
1.We
know
from
the
5th
paragraph
that
the
Wandering
Albatross
　　　.?
A.never
touches
the
land
B.is
a
good
swimmer
and
flyer
C.drinks
fresh
water
D.sleeps
on
boats
2.According
to
the
last
paragraph,
　　　.?
A.there
are
18
penguin
species
on
Earth
B.Emperor
penguins
spend
most
of
their
time
on
land
where
they
find
food
C.penguins
are
birds
with
no
wings
D.the
mother
Emperor
penguin
lays
one
egg
during
the
winter
3.We
know
from
the
reading
that
　　　.?
A.a
male
Weddell
Seal
is
larger
than
a
female
B.Rockhopper
Penguins
are
the
most
beautiful
penguin
C.it
is
hard
to
see
a
Ross
Seal
D.a
blue
whale
eats
about
4
tons
of
krill
every
day
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些生活在世界上最寒冷的南极洲的一些顽强的动物。
1.B　细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容可判断,信天翁是一种善于游泳和飞行的鸟。故选B项。
2.D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“They
are
the
only
living
species
to
reproduce
during
the
harsh
Antarctic
winter.”可知,帝企鹅妈妈是在冬季产蛋。故选D项。
3.C　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Ross
Seals
are
very
rarely
seen
because
they
live
deep
within
the
pack
ice.”可知,罗斯海豹很难见到。故选C项。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020江西南昌第十中学高二上期中)
Stop
Complaining
We
are
instructed
not
to
use
any
dirty
words
or
polluting
language.
　1　
But
I
have
learned
that
complaining
polluted
our
lives
at
one
time.?
　2　
How
quick
are
we
to
become
impatient
and
begin
to
complain
when
stuck
in
traffic
or
while
waiting
at
the
checkout
in
grocery
stores
or
department
stores?
How
quick
are
we
to
spot
and
point
out
all
the
faults
of
our
friends
or
family
members??
The
influence
of
excessive(过度的)complaining:Complaining
can
make
you
feel
pretty
down,
for
example.
There
is
just
so
much
that's
wrong,
everywhere,
and
no
matter
how
much
you
complain,
it
just
isn't
possible
to
get
it
all
put
right.
Plain
and
simple
complaining
is
a
behaviour
that
people
disapprove
of
or
consider
morally
wrong!
　3　?
Complaining
can
become
a
habit.
When
you
made
your
first
complaint,
you
carefully
chose
what
to
protest
about,
and
to
whom,
and
how,
in
order
to
get
very
specific
results.
　4　
You
have
an
“auto-complainer”
that
comes
out
with
your
criticism
to
whoever
is
listening.?
The
best
antidote(矫正方法)
for
complaining
is
thanksgiving.
　5　
They
are
too
busy
being
grateful
for
all
the
good
things
they
have
so
that
they
have
no
time
to
notice
the
things
they
could
complain
about.
And
also
remember
that
it
is
no
use
complaining
without
taking
action.?
A.But
you
probably
no
longer
do
that.
B.Don't
get
discouraged
when
you
fail.
C.Truly
thankful
people
do
not
complain.
D.I
didn't
realize
that
this
included
complaining.
E.We
need
to
ask
ourselves
something
like
these.
F.When
you
really
want
to
stop
complaining
all
the
time.
G.It
causes
many
people
a
great
deal
of
problems
in
their
lives
and
destroys
the
joy
of
anyone
listening.
1.　　　
2.　　　
3.　　　
4.　　　
5.　　　?
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述抱怨一度污染了我们的生活,给我们的生活带来了很多问题及怎样去矫正抱怨。
1.D　根据下文“But
I
have
learned
that
complaining
polluted
our
lives
at
one
time.”可知,该句同上一句构成转折关系,而D选项“I
didn't
realize
that
this
included
complaining.”符合语境,故选D项。
2.E　根据下文的问题“当我们在杂货店或百货商店的收银台前等待时,我们会多快变得不耐烦并开始抱怨?”可以推断设空处需要填与问题有关的句子,同E选项中的“ask”相呼应。故选E项。
3.G　本段说的是过度抱怨的影响,并且举例说明抱怨会让你感到沮丧。G项也是在描述抱怨的影响,符合语境,故选G项。
4.A　本段说的是抱怨会成为一种习惯。本段最后一句说“你有一个‘自动抱怨者’,他会对听你讲话的人提出批评”。也就是即使你不想那样做,也会自动抱怨。A选项同最后一句构成转折关系,符合语境,故选A项。
5.C　本段第一句“The
best
antidote(矫正方法)
for
complaining
is
thanksgiving.(对于抱怨,最好的矫正方法是感恩。)”中的thanksgiving同C选项“Truly
thankful
people
do
not
complain.(真正感恩的人不会抱怨。)”中的thankful相呼应,故选C项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020山东滕州高二上期中)
High
on
the
Qinghai-Tibet
Plateau
1.　　　
(lie)
China's
“water
tower”
Sanjiangyuan.
It
is
home
to
the
headwaters
of
China's
three
rivers:
the
Yellow
River,
the
Yangtze
River,
and
the
Lancang
(Mekong)
River.
The
three
rivers
2.　　　
provide
water
for
about
half
the
population
of
China
play
an
important
role.
However,
human
activities
are
putting
this
ecosystem
3.　　　
risk.?
In
2016,
the
Chinese
government
established
Sanjiangyuan
National
Park
in
Qinghai
Province.
The
park,
4.　　　
(plan)
to
open
in
2020,
has
increased
the
area's
green
coverage
and
attracted
more
wildlife.
The
local
government
has
also
made
a
great
effort
to
improve
biological
diversity.
The
success
of
Sanjiangyuan
will
mark
the
start
of
a
5.　　　
(green)
future.?
With
Sanjiangyuan
6.　　　
(take)
the
lead,
nine
other
regions
in
China
7.　　　
(choose)
by
a
field
conservation
station
to
carry
out
projects
over
the
past
three
years,
8.　　　
will
form
a
national
park
system
together.
The
idea
of
a
national
park
system
is
still
new
in
China,
but
9.　　　
(it)
realization
is
urgent.
After
all,
10.　　　
(build)
an
ecological
civilization
bears
great
importance
in
the
development
and
progress
of
human
civilization.?
1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　?
6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　?
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国政府建立了三江源国家公园,促进生态文明建设,进而建立国家公园系统,为人类文明发展做贡献。
1.lies　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:中国的“水塔”三江源就坐落在青藏高原的高处。分析句子可知,空中为谓语动词,并且叙述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语为China's
“water
tower”
Sanjiangyuan,为第三人称单数。故填lies。
2.that/which　考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子可知,“...provide
water
for
about
half
the
population
of
China”为定语从句,修饰先行词The
three
rivers,先行词在从句中作主语,因此关系词既可以用that又可以用which,故填that/which。
3.at　考查介词。句意:然而,人类活动正将这一生态系统置于危险之中。at
risk为固定短语,意为“处于危险之中”,故填at。
4.planned　考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园计划于2020年开放,增加了该地区的绿色覆盖率,吸引了更多的野生动物。分析句子可知,设空处作状语,和其逻辑主语The
park之间为被动关系,应用过去分词,故填planned。
5.greener　考查形容词比较级。句意:三江源的成功将标志着绿色未来的开始。同过去相比,应该是一个更加绿色环保的未来,应用比较级,故填greener。
6.taking　考查现在分词。句意:以三江源为龙头,中国其他9个地区在过去3年中被一个野外保护站选定实施项目,将共同形成国家公园体系。本句的“with+名词+宾语补足语”的结构中,设空处作的是补足语,同名词之间为主动关系,故填taking。
7.have
been
chosen　考查时态和语态。分析句子可知,choose在本句中为谓语动词,根据时间状语“over
the
past
three
years”可知,该句应用现在完成时态,它和主语之间为被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,且主语为nine
other
regions,故填have
been
chosen。
8.which　考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,空中的词指代前面的句子,在从句中充当主语,故填which。
9.its　考查代词。空中的词用来修饰名词realization,应用it的形容词性物主代词形式,故填its。
10.building　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,设空处作主语,应用build的动名词形式,故填building。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
(2020湖北十堰高一上学期期末)
假定你是校学生会主席李华,你校将于下个月举办校园歌唱比赛(Campus
Singing
Competition)。请给你校外教Lisa写封邮件,邀请她做评审,内容包括:
1.写信目的;
2.比赛时间、地点、要求和意义。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.信的开头和结尾已写好,不计入总词数。
答案
One
possible
version:
Dear
Lisa,?
I'm
glad
to
tell
you
that
our
school
will
hold
a
Campus
Singing
Competition.
I
am
writing
to
invite
you
to
be
a
judge.
?
The
Campus
Singing
Competition
is
scheduled
at
8
am
on
January
1st
at
the
school
hall
to
celebrate
the
New
Year.
It's
required
that
each
class
should
choose
the
most
talented
singer
to
compete
with
students
from
other
classes.
Besides,
competitors
can
only
sing
a
campus
song.
The
competition
is
held
to
enrich
students'
school
life.
?
I'm
looking
forward
to
your
early
reply.
?
Yours
sincerely,?
Li
hua?Unit
5
Revealing
nature
Section
Ⅵ　Writing
　　第一周
水仙花鳞茎已并排种植在土壤中,尖端朝上。已经浇上水,容器被放置在一个凉爽、阴暗的地方。鳞茎正在定期被浇水。
第三周
一个单茎已经从每个鳞茎发芽。
每根茎上都有两片叶子,叶子又长又窄,为蜡状结构。容器已经被搬到一个阳光明媚但凉爽的地方。
第六周
茎已长到20厘米左右高,每个茎都开了一朵花。
花是黄色和白色的,形状像喇叭。
　　根据下列图片写一篇观察日记,记述蒜苗的成长过程。内容包括:
1.种植方式;
2.生长环境;
3.成长变化。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
写作指导
看图作文是一种考查观察理解能力及语言运用能力的考查形式。写作过程中要总观全面,并有步骤地进行观察,看清画面上的细节,体会图画创作意图,并确定文章要点,之后使用恰当的语言表达出来。
表述过程中要注意语句之间的衔接,以增加表达的连贯性。
审题谋篇
词汇储备
1.divide...into...把……分成……
2.side
by
side肩并肩地?
3.play
hide-and-seek玩捉迷藏?
4.day
by
day一天一天地?
词汇运用
1.我仔细地把大蒜头分成蒜瓣儿,并排种在土壤中,尖头朝上。
I
carefully
divide
the
garlic
bulbs
into
cloves
and
plant
them
side
by
side
in
soil,
with
the
pointed
ends
facing
up.?
2.它们经常被浇水,并被放在一个凉爽但阳光明媚的地方。
They
are
being
watered
regularly
and
put
in
a
cool
but
sunny
place.?
3.可爱的大蒜宝宝已经从每一个蒜瓣中长出了浅绿色的叶子。
The
lovely
garlic
babies
have
grown
from
each
clove
with
light
green
leaves.
?
4.它们看起来好像正在与我玩捉迷藏。
They
look
as
if
they
were
playing
hide-and-seek
with
me.
?
5.大蒜宝宝一天比一天高。
The
garlic
babies
are
growing
higher
and
higher
day
by
day.?
6.它们已经长到大约20厘米了。
They
have
grown
to
about
20
centimetres.
?
7.它们看起来都很漂亮,一点也不亚于水仙花。
All
of
them
look
very
beautiful,
and
are
not
less
beautiful
than
daffodils.?
句式升级
用which引导定语从句将第3句和第4句合并。
The
lovely
garlic
babies
have
grown
from
each
clove
with
light
green
leaves,
which
look
as
if
they
were
playing
hide-and-seek
with
me.?
串句成文
September
20?
I
carefully
divide
the
garlic
bulbs
into
cloves
and
plant
them
side
by
side
in
soil,
with
the
pointed
ends
facing
up.
Then
they
are
being
watered
regularly
and
put
in
a
cool
but
sunny
place.?
September
28?
The
lovely
garlic
babies
have
grown
from
each
clove
with
light
green
leaves,
which
look
as
if
they
were
playing
hide-and-seek
with
me.?
October
15?
The
garlic
babies
are
growing
higher
and
higher
day
by
day,
and
they
have
grown
to
about
20
centimetres.
All
of
them
look
very
beautiful,
and
are
not
less
beautiful
than
daffodils.
?
(2020山东滕州第一中学高一5月月考)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ali
and
his
younger
sister,
Zahra,
lived
with
their
parents
in
a
poor
neighborhood.
Their
mother
was
very
sick
and
their
father
was
struggling
to
find
a
job,
and
they
had
only
a
little
money
to
buy
food.
As
they
had
not
paid
the
rent
for
several
months,
the
landlord
was
breathing
down
their
necks(盯着他们).
One
day,
Ali
took
Zahra's
shoes
to
a
shoe
repairman
to
have
them
fixed,
but
he
lost
them
on
the
way
home.
It
wasn't
until
he
got
home
that
he
realized
he
had
lost
the
shoes.
He
was
afraid
that
his
parents
would
be
angry
and
disappointed,
so
he
begged
his
sister
to
keep
it
secret.
Zahra
agreed
and
the
two
decided
to
share
Ali's
running
shoes.
Zahra's
school
hours
were
in
the
morning,
so
she
would
wear
them
first.
After
school,
she
would
rush
back
and
give
them
to
Ali.
He
could
then
run
to
his
school,
which
began
in
the
afternoon.
Although
he
ran
as
fast
as
he
could,
Ali
often
arrived
late
and
was
warned
by
the
school.
Ali
heard
about
a
long
distance
race
that
was
to
be
held
for
the
boys
in
the
city.
When
he
learned
that
the
third
prize
was
a
new
pair
of
shoes,
he
decided
to
take
part.
He
ran
home
excitedly
and
promised
his
sister
that
he
would
win
her
the
new
shoes.
The
day
of
the
race
arrived.
Ali
had
a
strong
start,
but
halfway
through
the
race
he
began
to
get
tired
and
his
legs
began
to
ache.
Getting
more
and
more
exhausted
he
thought
only
of
Zahra
and
his
promise
to
her.
Dreaming
of
the
new
shoes
he
would
win
for
his
sister
gave
him
strength,
and
he
stayed
right
behind
the
two
fastest
runners,
determined
to
finish
third.
Suddenly,
as
the
finish
line
drew
near,
another
runner
collided(碰撞)with
Ali
from
behind
and
he
crashed
to
the
ground.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph
1:
Ali
looked
up
and
saw
the
other
boys
rushing
ahead.Refusing
to
give
up
at
this
point,
he
jumped
to
his
feet
and
ran
as
fast
as
he
could.
He
dashed
across
the
finish
line
and
won
fourth
prize.
Thinking
he
would
let
her
sister
down,
Ali
couldn't
help
sobbing.
Just
then
he
heard
the
announcement
from
the
broadcast
that
he
won
third
prize
as
the
runner
who
collided
with
Ali
was
disqualified
for
breaking
the
rule.
Holding
the
shoes
close
to
his
chest
during
the
award
ceremony,
Ali
felt
overjoyed
and
relieved
as
he
eventually
won
the
shoes
for
his
sister.?
Paragraph
2:
Filled
with
delight,
Ali
walked
home
quickly.He
could
not
wait
to
see
his
sister
and
share
the
good
news.
On
his
arrival,
Ali
found
Zahra
was
waiting
outside.
Nervous
and
anxious,
Zahra
wondered
whether
her
brother
could
bring
her
what
she
was
expecting.
“Zahra,
see
what
I
have
got
for
you.”
Ali
said
excitedly,
taking
the
prize
out
of
his
bag
with
his
trembling
hands.
The
instant
Zahra
saw
the
shoes,
her
face
lit
up.
So
thrilled
was
she
that
she
threw
herself
at
Ali.
“Thank
you!
Ali.”
Tears
welled
up
in
their
eyes
as
the
brother
and
sister
hugged
tightly
together.?
写作指导
Step
1　把握主题,确定思路
本文为续写作文。首先要认真读懂所提供的材料,弄清整篇文章的中心是什么。根据中心内容续写事情的发展和故事的结局。续写内容要符合原文的发展,人物和事物要与原文保持连续性和一致性。要有明确的中心,重点突出,有详有略。故事情节的向后延续发展要合乎情理。
前文主要讲述的是阿里家境贫穷,一天阿里把妹妹的鞋修好后在回家的路上把鞋弄丢了。他准备通过参加市里的长跑比赛,获得三等奖——一双鞋子,给妹妹作补偿,但在比赛中发生了一点意外。
Step
2　拓展情节,选词构句
根据续写的第一段开头Ali
looked
up
and
saw
the
other
boys
rushing
ahead.(阿里抬头一看,看到其他男孩冲在前面。)可知本段是续写比赛中阿里被撞后是如何做的,这一段是文章的关键。第二段是以Filled
with
delight,
Ali
walked
home
quickly.开头,此句中的delight是关键词,阿里为什么高兴,是因为他达到目的了,上一段已经指出他获得了三等奖,本段应重点讲述他回家后发生的事情。
Step
3　添加细节,注意风格
根据原文内容以及续写段落的首句,将故事补充完整,并准确使用人称(第三人称为主)以及时态(一般过去时态为主)。续写过程中,要恰当使用高级句式以及高级表达,并注意长短句结合。
Step
4　润色成文,复查誊写
写作过程中,要注意续写词数控制在130—170之间,同时注意卷面整洁。Unit
5
Revealing
nature
Section
Ⅶ　Expanding
your
world
Ⅰ.单词分层默写
1.单词拼写
①seed
n.种子,籽
②disgrace
n.丢脸,耻辱
③sample
n.样本
④finch
n.雀科鸣禽
⑤beak
n.鸟嘴,喙
⑥suspect
v.猜想,怀疑,觉得
⑦ancestor
n.(动物的)原种,祖先
⑧characteristic
n.特征,特性
⑨decline
v.减少
⑩tortoise
n.陆龟
blame
v.责怪,指责;把……归咎于
goat
n.山羊
primitive
adj.原始的,低等的
worldwide
adv.遍及全世界
giant
adj.巨大的,特大的
mangrove
n.红树
iguana
n.鬣蜥
comb-like
adj.梳状的
spine
n.(动植物的)刺,刺毛
myth
n.(古代的)神话
wasp
n.黄蜂
pesticide
n.杀虫剂,农药
root
n.根
chilli
n.辣椒
link
v.把……联系起来;连接
cybercrime
n.网络犯罪
centimetre
n.厘米
2.拓展单词
①distant
adj.遥远的→distance
n.距离
②geologist
n.地质学家→geology
n.地质学→geological
adj.地质(学)的
③evolve
v.进化→evolution
n.进化(论)
④generate
v.产生,创造→generation
n.产生,一代人
⑤legend
n.传说,传奇(故事)→legendary
adj.传说的;传奇的;非常著名的
⑥detect
v.发现,察觉(尤指不易察觉到的事物)→detection
n.侦查;察觉;发现→detective
n.警探;(私人)侦探
⑦fungus
n.真菌→fungi
n.真菌(复数)→fungal
adj.真菌的
Ⅱ.短语搭配翻译
1.响应号召
answer
the
call?
2.是耻辱,是丢脸的事
be
a
disgrace?
3.源于……的,原产于……
be
native
to?
4.巨型陆龟
giant
tortoise?
5.最佳选择
first
choice?
6.有史以来
of
all
time?
7.讨论中的;不确定
in
question?
8.充满,满是
be
crowded
with?
9.开始存在
come
to
exist?
10.适应
adapt
to?
11.多种多样的
a
variety
of?
12.导致
lead
to?
13.同时
at
the
same
time?
14.以……开始
begin
with?
15.把某事归咎于某人/事
blame
sth.
on
sb./sth.?
16.与……交流
communicate
with?
17.微量的……
tiny
amounts
of?
18.驱赶
drive...away
19.从……中偷某物
steal
sth.
from...?
20.肩并肩地;并排地
side
by
side?
Ⅲ.主题书面表达
　　结合本单元主题,使用本单元词汇、句型和语法写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
1.写作要点
①作为世界上最大的雨林,亚马孙雨林在维持地球生态系统的平衡方面发挥着重要作用。(play
an
important
role
in)
As
the
largest
rainforest
in
the
world,
the
Amazon
rainforest
plays
an
important
role
in
maintaining
the
balance
of
the
Earth's
ecosystem.?
②亚马孙河,雨林由此得名,全长约6,400公里。(from
which引导非限制性定语从句)
The
Amazon
River,
from
which
the
rainforest
gets
its
name,
is
about
6,400
kilometres
in
length.?
③这条河支持许多不同的生态系统,给予了这个地区最丰富的动植物物种。
(which引导非限制性定语从句)
The
river
supports
many
different
ecosystems,
which
give
this
area
the
richest
species
of
plants
and
animals.?
④在人类已知的39万种植物中,有4万多种可以在亚马孙雨林找到。(过去分词known作后置定语)
Of
the
390,000
plant
species
known
to
man,
more
than
40,000
can
be
found
in
the
Amazon
rainforest.?
⑤森林的不同层次养活各种野生动物。(support,
a
variety
of)
The
forest's
different
levels
support
a
variety
of
wildlife.?
⑥森林的不同层次都是不同种类的生物的家园。(be
home
to)
The
forest's
different
levels
are
home
to
different
kinds
of
living
things.?
2.串句成文
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
As
the
largest
rainforest
in
the
world,
the
Amazon
rainforest
plays
an
important
role
in
maintaining
the
balance
of
the
Earth's
ecosystem.
The
Amazon
River,
from
which
the
rainforest
gets
its
name,
is
about
6,400
kilometres
in
length.
The
river
supports
many
different
ecosystems,
which
give
this
area
the
richest
species
of
plants
and
animals.
And
of
the
390,000
plant
species
known
to
man,
more
than
40,000
can
be
found
in
the
Amazon
rainforest.
The
forest's
different
levels
not
only
support
a
variety
of
wildlife
but
are
home
to
different
kinds
of
living
things.?
　　下面带大家看看一些令人困惑的英式短语。英国人常用的一些习惯用语或成语的出处含糊不清,这使得亲英派的人们也不习惯这些不同寻常的表达。
1.They're
chalk
and
cheese.
What
does
it
mean?
A.They're
very
different.
B.They
look
pale.
C.They're
very
fickle.
2.I've
known
her
for
donkey's.
What
does
it
mean?
A.I've
known
her
for
a
very
long
time.
B.I
know
a
lot
of
her
secrets.
C.I
don't
trust
her.
3.I
need
to
spend
a
penny.
What
does
it
mean?
A.I'm
addicted
to
candy.
B.I
need
to
change
my
shoes.
C.I
need
to
go
to
the
toilet.
帮你分析:
1.A　“chalk
and
cheese”等同于美国人说的“apples
and
oranges”,形容两个事物或人是完全不同的或完全无法兼容的,通常的句式为“like/as
different
as
chalk
and
cheese”,例如:We'll
never
get
on—we're
like
chalk
and
cheese。
2.A　“donkey's”通常是“donkey's
years”的简写方式,最初可能写作“donkey's
ears”,指某物长度上很长,现指很长一段时间。例如:We've
been
close
friends
for
donkey's
years。
3.C　在英国,曾经需要花费一个
penny
使用一次投币式公共厕所,这就是短语
spend
a
penny
替代“上厕所”的委婉说法,例如:You
can't
get
to
sleep
when
you
want
to
spend
a
penny。
　　Christmas
is
one
of
the
most
beautiful
holidays
of
all
time.
It
is
the
day
when
the
Son
of
God
was
born
on
earth.
Hence,
this
day
is
sacry
for
all
Christians
around
the
world.
The
Christmas
season
gives
rise
to
a
number
of
Christmas
traditions
that
come
along.
Here
are
a
few
of
them
that
are
celebrated
with
zest
and
enthusiasm
worldwide
for
centuries.
Preparation
of
the
Christmas
cake
Christmas
cakes
are
made
by
using
eggs,
butter,
confections,
fruits,
etc.
Today
a
Christmas
cake
is
an
integral
part
of
a
Christmas
menu.
Decorating
the
Christmas
tree
This
refers
to
the
tradition
of
decorating
a
pine
tree
using
lights,
tinsel,
garlands,
ornaments,
candy
canes,
etc.
Today,
a
Christmas
tree
is
an
indispensable
part
of
Christmas
celebrations.
Lighting
up
the
Christmas
candle
This
refers
to
the
tradition
of
placing
a
lighted
candle
outside
houses
during
the
Christmas
season.
A
candle
signifies
hope
as
it
brings
light
even
to
the
darkest
room.
Sending
gifts
to
loved
ones
This
tradition
comes
from
the
story
of
the
three
wise
men
who
got
gifts
for
baby
Jesus
on
Christmas.
Singing
Christmas
carols
It
refers
to
the
age-old
custom
of
singing
a
number
of
traditional
Christmas
songs
during
the
Christmas
season.
It
adds
joy
and
fun
to
the
atmosphere.
【译文】
　　圣诞节一直是最美好的节日之一。这是上帝之子诞生在地球上的日子。因此,对世界各地的基督徒来说,这一天是非常神圣的。圣诞季节自然少不了各种圣诞传统。下面这些传统是几个世纪以来世界各地的人们一直热烈欢庆的。
烘烤圣诞蛋糕
圣诞蛋糕是由鸡蛋、黄油、甜点、水果等烘制而成的。现如今,圣诞蛋糕已成为圣诞菜谱不可或缺的一部分。
装扮圣诞树
这个传统指的是用彩灯、金箔、花环、饰品、糖果条等装扮松树。现如今,圣诞树也是圣诞节庆典不可或缺的一部分。
点燃圣诞蜡烛
这个传统指的是圣诞期间人们在屋子外面放一支点燃的蜡烛。即便在最黑暗的空间,蜡烛也能带来光明,寓意希望。
给亲友送礼物
这个传统源自一个传说:三位智者在圣诞节给婴儿耶稣送出了礼物。
唱圣诞颂歌
　　它指圣诞期间人们歌唱一首又一首圣诞传统歌曲的古老习俗。歌曲给人们带来欢乐,也增添了节日气氛。
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
　　☆关注主书封底“3·2学习云空间”,免费下载听力材料音频。
第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What
are
the
speakers
looking
at?
A.A
photograph.　　　B.A
video.C.A
painting.
2.Why
does
the
woman
want
to
use
a
computer?
A.To
book
a
hotel.
B.To
book
a
flight.
C.To
book
a
train
ticket.
3.Where
has
the
man
been
for
his
holiday?
A.To
Paris.　　　B.To
London.C.To
New
York.
4.How
much
will
the
man
pay
for
the
red
scarf?
A.$8.　　　B.$10.　　　C.$20.
5.What
are
the
speakers
mainly
talking
about?
A.A
bad
dentist.
B.The
cold
weather.
C.The
man's
toothache.
第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
　　听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.What
color
is
the
woman's
new
car?
A.Blue.　　　B.White.　　　C.Cream.
7.How
often
does
the
man
wash
his
car?
A.Every
year.
B.Every
two
years.
C.Every
five
years.
　　听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.How
many
people
will
be
playing
tennis
this
afternoon?
A.Three.　　　B.Four.　　　C.Five.
9.Why
doesn't
the
woman
want
to
play
tennis
this
afternoon?
A.She
has
to
get
ready
for
a
trip.
B.She
has
to
take
care
of
her
mother.
C.She
has
to
find
the
information
about
her
job.
10.What
will
the
woman
do
tomorrow
morning?
A.Have
an
interview.
B.Visit
her
friends.
C.Go
to
the
park.
　　听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What
is
a
disadvantage
of
working
from
home
according
to
the
man?
A.There
is
no
manager
to
keep
order.
B.There
is
difficulty
in
being
inspired.
C.There
is
a
possibility
of
sleeping
too
long.
12.What
does
the
man
spend
more
on
at
home?
A.Clothes.　　　B.Food.　　　C.Heating.
13.What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.Family
members.
B.Former
colleagues.
C.Boss
and
employee.
　　听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14.Where
are
the
speakers?
A.On
a
train.　　　B.In
a
taxi.C.On
a
bus.
15.What
is
wrong
with
the
man?
A.He
can't
see.
B.He
feels
sick.
C.He
feels
lazy.
16.What
are
the
speakers
going
to
do?
A.Tour
the
city.
B.Climb
a
mountain.
C.See
an
exhibition.
17.What
are
the
speakers
talking
about
in
the
end?
A.A
doctor.　　　B.A
tourist.C.A
tour
guide.
　　听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.What
is
the
main
topic
of
the
talk?
A.Furniture.
B.Technology.
C.Old
days.
19.What
is
the
speaker's
job?
A.He
makes
things.
B.He
repairs
things.
C.He
sells
things.
20.How
does
the
speaker
feel
if
an
old
table
has
been
repaired
many
times?
A.He
still
loves
it.
B.He
will
use
it
carelessly.
C.He
will
throw
it
away
at
once.
答案
1.A　2.C　3.B　4.A　5.C　6.A　7.A　8.B　9.B　10.A11.B　12.C　13.B　14.C　15.B　16.B　17.C18.A　19.C　20.A
听力材料
Text
1
M:You
look
very
happy
in
this
photo.
Where
were
you?
It
looks
like
a
painting.
W:We
were
on
the
mountains
outside
the
city.
We
went
hiking
there
last
week.
We
have
some
videos
from
there
as
well.
Text
2
W:OK,
I
have
already
booked
my
flights
and
my
hotel.
Now
I
need
to
arrange
a
train
ticket.
Can
I
borrow
your
computer,
Dad?
M:It
is
in
my
bedroom.
Please
save
my
work
before
using
it.
Text
3
W:Did
you
enjoy
your
holiday?
London
seems
such
an
interesting
place.
I
can't
decide
whether
to
go
there
or
to
Paris
for
my
next
vacation.
M:You're
right.
It
is
interesting.
You
just
can't
see
that
kind
of
history
here
in
New
York.
Text
4
M:Could
I
have
the
scarf,
please?
Not
the
$20
one,
but
the
red
one
behind
it.
It
says
$16.
W:Well,
today
is
your
lucky
day,
sir.
That
one
is
on
sale
at
half
price
today.
Text
5
M:My
tooth
is
killing
me.
The
cold
weather
seems
to
make
it
worse.
I'm
afraid
I'll
have
to
go
to
the
dentist.
W:Yes,
you
must.
Cold
weather
often
makes
toothache
worse.
Text
6
M:Is
that
a
new
car
you
are
driving?
Blue
is
my
favorite
color.
W:Yes,
the
white
one
kept
breaking
down,
so
I
thought
it
was
time
for
a
change.
M:Was
it
white?
I
thought
it
was
cream.
W:Ha-ha.
That's
because
I
only
washed
it
once
in
the
five
years
I
had
it.
M:Really?
I
thought
I
was
lazy
washing
mine,
only
once
a
year.
W:Yes,
it
didn't
really
look
dirty
until
two
years
ago
when
I
drove
through
some
mud.
M:Well,
you
must
make
sure
you
keep
the
new
one
clean.
Text
7
M:Are
you
going
to
play
tennis
with
us
this
afternoon?
W:Who
will
be
there?
M:Mary,
Peter,
Jane,
and
me.
Come
along.
We're
only
going
to
the
park.
It's
not
too
far.
W:I'm
not
going
because
my
mother
is
ill.
M:I'm
sorry
to
hear
that.
Who
else
is
taking
care
of
your
mother
as
well?
W:My
brother.
He
works
in
a
travel
agency.
So
he
can
only
stay
with
my
mother
at
night.
What's
more,
I
need
to
be
awake
bright
and
early
tomorrow
morning
for
my
college
interview.
M:Well,
in
that
case,
we'll
go
without
you.
Text
8
W:So
now
you
work
from
home.
How
are
you
liking
it?
We
miss
you
at
the
office.
M:It's
great.
I
can
get
up
in
the
morning
at
whatever
time
I
like,
and
I
don't
have
a
manager
watching
me
all
the
time.
W:I
would
love
that.But
how
do
you
inspire
yourself
to
do
your
work?
M:With
great
difficulty.
That
is
the
biggest
problem
I
have—making
myself
do
the
work.
W:But
you
are
managing
to
do
it.
M:Yes,
I'm
not
complaining.
Besides,
I
don't
have
any
more
travel
costs
to
think
of.
W:And
you
can
make
your
own
lunch
instead
of
buying
it.
That
will
be
cheaper.
M:True,
although
I
do
have
to
turn
on
the
heat
to
keep
the
house
warm
all
day
in
winter,
which
is
a
new
expense.
Text
9
M:I'm
really
sorry.
I
always
feel
sick
when
I
ride
on
a
bus.
I
think
it's
because
I
can't
see
the
road
ahead.
W:Don't
worry.
We'll
soon
reach
our
stop.
I
thought
it
would
make
us
tired
if
we
walked
all
the
way.
M:You're
right.
We
will
need
all
our
strength
to
climb
the
mountain
when
we
get
there.
W:I
think
there
is
a
chairlift
to
the
top
these
days.
M:That's
for
lazy
people.
We'll
take
the
path,
like
we
did
just
after
we
got
married.
W:Yes,
do
you
remember?
We
had
a
tour
guide—a
friendly
guy.
M:He
was
a
nice
man.
He
showed
us
all
the
best
views.
Are
there
no
tour
guides
now?
W:No,
I
think
most
tourists
like
to
explore
on
their
own.
M:They
would
see
more
with
a
guide
like
him.
He
wouldn't
let
us
rest.
There
was
always
another
sight
to
see.
W:Let's
hope
we
can
see
all
the
views
today.
Text
10
How
do
you
turn
trash
into
treasure?
In
the
case
of
furniture,
you
wait
for
around
a
hundred
years.
That
is
my
opinion.
I
have
been
selling
old
furniture,
really
old
furniture,
for
40
years,
and
people
often
ask
me
how
I
know
the
differences
between
something
that
is
junk
and
something
that
is
good.
The
answer
is
usually
the
age,
because
in
the
past,
more
care
was
taken
making
things.
The
technology
might
have
been
worse
in
the
past,
but
people
had
time
to
make
things
better.
People
weren't
as
rich
in
the
old
days,
so
their
furniture
was
made
to
last.
Nowadays,
if
something
breaks,
we
throw
it
away.
In
the
past,
things
were
repaired.
Many
of
the
beautiful
old
chairs
and
tables
I
see
show
signs
of
having
been
repaired
many
times.
Do
I
mind?
No,
I
love
it.
It
gives
them
character.
Of
course,
there
are
still
some
beautiful
things
being
made
today,
but
give
me
the
old
ones
any
day.
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
　　阅读下列短文,从每题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2020河南南阳第一中学高二月考)
EXPERIENCE
COLUMBIA'S
HOT
ATTRACTIONS
◆RIVERBANKS
ZOO
&
GARDEN
It
is
home
to
more
than
2,000
animals
and
one
of
the
nation's
most
beautiful
botanical
gardens.With
more
than
350
species
from
around
the
world,
Riverbanks
is
one
of
the
largest
mid-sized
zoos
in
the
country.
Hours:9:00
a.m.—5:00
p.m.
daily
Admission:Adults(13—61)—$19.95
Children
(2—12)—$16.95
◆EDVENTURE
The
South's
largest
children's
museum
has
300
exhibits
to
inspire
children
to
experience
the
joy
of
learning.
Where
else
but
EdVenture
can
children
drive
a
real
fire
truck,
anchor
the
news
or
visit
another
country?
Hours:
Monday—Sunday:
9
a.m.—5
p.m.
Admission:
Members
Free
Children
and
Adults—$
11.95
◆SOUTH
CAROLINA
STATE
MUSEUM
The
stories
of
South
Carolina
come
alive
through
the
exhibits
and
collections
of
the
State
Museum.
Plus,
a
new
4-D
theater
provides
popular
movies
that
excite
all
ages.
Museum
members
are
invited
to
night-sky
observing
and
more
on
Tuesday
nights!
Hours:
Mon.,
Wed.—Fri.:10
a.m.—5
p.m.,
Tues.:10
a.m.—10
p.m.,
Sat.:10
a.m.—6
p.m.,
Sun.:noon—5
p.m.
Admission:
Adults
(13—61):$
8.95
Children
(3—12):$
6.95
◆SALUDA
SHOALS
PARK
Saluda
Shoals
Park
is
a
sensitive
riverfront
park
that
invites
visitors
to
experience
the
treasures
of
the
Saluda
River
through
exceptional,
educational
and
cultural
opportunities.
Fun-Filled
Family
Activities
Nightly!
(except
Thanksgiving,
Christmas
Eve
and
Christmas
night)
Free
for
activities:
apply
with
Holiday
Lights
admission
($
20/car;$
40/15-passenger
vehicle;$
60/bus).
21.Which
attraction
best
suits
a
child
interested
in
broadcasting
news?
A.EdVenture.
B.The
State
Museum.
C.Saluda
Shoals
Park.
D.Riverbanks
Zoo
&
Garden.
22.How
much
should
a
young
couple
with
a
4-year-old
son
pay
to
enjoy
various
plants
and
animals?
A.$24.85.　　　B.$20.
C.$56.85.　　　D.$35.85.
23.Which
of
the
following
is
available
to
all
tourists
in
the
State
Museum?
A.Having
a
fantastic
visual
feast
at
1:00
p.m.
B.Visiting
the
exhibits
on
Sunday
morning.
C.Enjoying
free
family
activities
every
night.
D.Observing
the
amazing
night
sky
on
Tuesday
nights.
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。介绍了哥伦比亚热门景点的相关信息。
21.A　细节理解题。由“EDVENTURE”中的“Where
else
but
EdVenture
can
children
drive
a
real
fire
truck,
anchor
the
news
or
visit
another
country?”可知,“EdVenture”景点最适合对广播新闻感兴趣的孩子。故选A项。
22.C　细节理解题。由“RIVERBANKS
ZOO
&
GARDEN”中的“Admission:Adults(13—61)—$19.95　Children
(2—12)—$16.95”可知,一对年轻的夫妇和一个4岁大的孩子应该支付$19.95+$19.95+$16.95=$56.85。故选C项。
23.A　推理判断题。由“SOUTH
CAROLINA
STATE
MUSEUM”中的时间信息可知,游客在周一到周日的下午1点都会欣赏到一场美妙的视觉盛宴。故选A项。
B
(2020安徽合肥第一中学高二上期中)
Ray
Tokuda,
a
54-year-old
Japanese-American,
is
proud
of
the
title
his
school
has
given
him.
He
is
a
shifu,
a
Chinese
word
meaning
a
master
of
martial
arts.
He
has
been
involved
with
Chinese
martial
arts
for
over
four
decades.
After
learning
them
at
the
martial
arts
school
in
the
U.S.
New
Mexico
State,
today
he
is
among
the
most
experienced
kung
fu
teachers
of
the
school.
Founded
by
a
Chinese-American
in
1974,
the
training
center
accepts
only
those
with
stunning
kung
fu
skills
and
a
profound
understanding
of
martial
arts
as
its
masters
according
to
Shanti
Thomas,
general
manager
of
the
school.
Practicing
martial
arts
two
to
three
hours
and
helping
students
improve
their
skills
have
become
Tokuda's
daily
routine.
Tokuda
is
teaching
and
learning
at
the
same
time
now.
He
spends
around
15
to
20
hours
a
week
honing
his
skills
and
is
also
working
on
standardizing
the
Tai
Chi
curriculums
for
the
training
center.
He
was
sent
to
the
martial
arts
school
at
10,
but
he
was
unwilling
in
the
beginning.
His
father
had
always
wanted
to
learn
Chinese
martial
arts
but
never
got
the
chance,
so
he
put
him
in.
He
was
afraid
at
that
time
because
he
thought
kung
fu
was
all
about
punching
and
kicking.
But
things
changed
after
he
learned
that
martial
arts
were
more
than
that.
“One
of
the
things
martial
arts
teach
you
is
overcoming
adversity
(逆境),”
Tokuda
said.
“As
a
little
kid,
my
first
lesson
was
that
I
could
overcome
it
by
diligence,
perseverance
and
dedication.”
Learning
Chinese
martial
arts
was
also
an
eye-opening
experience
because
he
could
hear
many
ancient
Chinese
kung
fu-related
stories
to
better
understand
the
essence
of
martial
arts.
Tokuda
joined
a
China
tour
organized
by
his
school
in
2002.He
described
it
as
a
martial
arts
pilgrimage
(朝圣).
“We
went
to
Shaolin
and
Wudang
and
exchanged
views
and
skills
with
kung
fu
masters
there,”
he
said,
fired
with
excitement
while
talking
about
the
experience.
24.According
to
Shanti
Thomas,
who
can
be
a
master
of
the
martial
arts
school?
A.One
experienced
in
martial
arts
and
understanding
the
essence.
B.Those
gifted
and
interested
in
martial
arts.
C.Those
having
a
good
knowledge
of
martial
arts.
D.One
who
knows
many
ancient
martial
arts
stories.
25.What
does
the
underlined
word
“honing”
in
Paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.Introducing.　　　B.Improving.
C.Advertising.　　　D.Displaying.
26.Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE?
A.The
martial
arts
school
was
founded
by
Shanti
Thomas
in
1974.
B.Tokuda
paid
a
visit
to
Shaolin
and
Wudang
by
himself
in
2002.
C.Tokuda
spends
about
15
to
20
hours
a
week
training
students.
D.Martial
arts
can
teach
one
to
overcome
challenges.
27.Why
was
Ray
Tokuda
sent
to
learn
Chinese
martial
arts?
A.Because
he
was
crazy
about
Chinese
culture.
B.Because
he
wanted
to
be
a
martial
arts
master.
C.Because
his
father
had
wanted
to
learn
but
could
not.
D.Because
his
parents
wanted
to
better
understand
Chinese
culture.
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tokuda学习中国武术并传播中国传统文化的故事。
24.A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Founded
by
a
Chinese-American
in
1974,
the
training
center
accepts
only
those
with
stunning
kung
fu
skills
and
a
profound
understanding
of
martial
arts
as
its
masters
according
to
Shanti
Thomas...”可知,Shanti
Thomas认为那些精通武术和理解武术精髓的人才可以成为武术学校的大师。故选A项。
25.B　词义猜测题。根据文章第四段内容可知,Tokuda边教边学,他一周会花费15到20个小时来提升自己的武术技能。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出画线词意为“提升”。故选B项。
26.D　细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的“One
of
the
things
martial
arts
teach
you
is
overcoming
adversity”可知,Tokuda认为,武术教给人的一件事就是克服逆境,从而可以得知武术能教会人们克服挑战。故选D项。
27.C　细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容可知,因为他的父亲一直想学习中国武术却没有机会,所以他父亲把他送进了武术学校。故选C项。
C
(2020浙江诸暨中学高二上学期期中考试)
Walmart
will
soon
use
360
robot
cleaners
across
a
few
hundred
of
its
stores.
Using
maps
input
by
human
employees,
the
AI-powered
cleaners
will
travel
in
the
store
with
no
difficulty
sweeping
the
floor—just
as
human
employees
used
to
do.
Perhaps
the
most
striking
thing
about
these
robot
workers
is
how
not-striking
they
are.
Sci-fi
movies
suggest
a
future
full
of
human-like
robots
that
appear
with
their
horrible
qualities.
Now
the
future
is
coming
into
view,
and
it
looks
like
a
giant
lie.
It's
easy
to
imagine
walking
past
an
Auto-C
on
a
shopping
trip
without
even
noticing
its
presence.
AI
has
already
started
to
become
a
part
of
our
everyday
life.
In
New
Jersey
this
week,
dozens
of
workers
were
hospitalized
after
a
robot
at
an
Amazon
fulfillment
centre
accidentally
broke
a
can
and
enveloped
workers
in
eye-and-lung-damaging
gas.
Days
earlier
in
California,
an
auto-piloted
Tesla
drove
a
drunk,
sleeping
driver
down
a
highway,
which
no
doubt
did
some
potential
risks
to
the
other
drivers
on
the
road.
Highway
patrol
officers
figured
out
on
the
spot
how
to
stop
the
AI
car.
Of
course,
industrial
accidents
and
drunk
drivers
existed
well
before
AI.
Tools
with
the
power
to
release
the
burden
of
physical
labor—horses,
steam
machines,
self-driving
cars—also
come
with
the
power
to
injure.
And
the
presence
of
AI-powered
machines
just
steps
away
from
us
is,
for
now,
still
a
rare
thing
for
most
people.
But
the
nature
of
robots'
coming
into
our
daily
lives
will
make
it
harder
to
recognize—or
object
to—the
bigger
changes
they
bring
later.
Walmart
insists
that
the
robot
cleaners
give
employees
more
time
for
customer
service
and
other
tasks.
Critics
point
out
that
they
could
just
as
easily
become
an
excuse
to
reduce
staff
and
wages.
28.What
is
the
difference
between
sci-fi
movies
and
the
reality?
A.Now
the
human-like
robots
are
hard
to
recognize.
B.Now
people
don't
go
to
see
sci-fi
movies.
C.Now
the
human-like
robots
can
tell
lies.
D.Now
it
is
easy
to
ignore
the
robots.
29.Why
were
some
workers
in
hospital
in
New
Jersey?
A.They
damaged
the
robot
first.
B.The
robot
caused
an
accident
on
purpose.
C.The
robot
made
a
mistake
by
chance.
D.The
robot
driving
them
on
the
highway
had
an
accident.
30.What
is
the
attitude
of
the
author
to
AI?
A.Supportive.　　　B.Objective.
C.Doubtful.　　　D.Indifferent.
31.What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A.Artificial
intelligence
is
bringing
great
effect
to
our
daily
life.
B.Walmart
will
soon
use
360
robot
cleaners
across
its
stores.
C.We
should
say
no
to
artificial
intelligence.
D.Artificial
intelligence
is
dangerous
to
our
life.
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人工智能正给我们的日常生活带来影响。
28.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It's
easy
to
imagine
walking
past
an
Auto-C
on
a
shopping
trip
without
even
noticing
its
presence.”可知,现实与科幻电影之间的差别是现在忽视机器人很容易。故选D项。
29.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In
New
Jersey
this
week,
dozens
of
workers
were
hospitalized
after
a
robot
at
an
Amazon
fulfillment
centre
accidentally
broke
a
can
and
enveloped
workers
in
eye-and-lung-damaging
gas.”可知,新泽西一些工作人员住院的原因是机器人意外犯错。故选C项。
30.B　推理判断题。根据第四段的首句“Of
course,
industrial
accidents
and
drunk
drivers
existed
well
before
AI.”以及第五段的首句“But
the
nature
of
robots'
coming
into
our
daily
lives
will
make
it
harder
to
recognize—or
object
to—the
bigger
changes
they
bring
later.”可知,作者对待AI
的态度是非常客观的。故选B项。
31.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Walmart
will
soon
use
360
robot
cleaners
across
a
few
hundred
of
its
stores.”以及第三段中的“AI
has
already
started
to
become
a
part
of
our
everyday
life.”可知,本文介绍的是人工智能正给我们的日常生活带来影响。故选A项。
D
(2020贵州思南中学高二上期中)
Sometimes,
the
simplest
ideas
are
the
best.
For
example,
to
absorb
heat
from
the
sun
to
heat
water,
you
need
large,
flat
and
black
surfaces.
One
way
to
do
that
is
to
build
those
surfaces
specially,
on
the
roofs
of
buildings.
But
why
go
to
all
that
trouble
when
cities
are
full
of
black
surfaces
already,
in
the
form
of
asphalt
(柏油)
roads?
Ten
years
ago,
this
thought
came
into
the
mind
of
Arian
de
Bondt,
a
Dutch
engineer.
He
finally
persuaded
his
boss
to
follow
it
up.
The
result
is
that
their
building
is
now
heated
in
winter
and
cooled
in
summer
by
a
system
that
relies
on
the
surface
of
the
road
outside.
The
heat-collector
is
a
system
of
connected
water
pipes.
Most
of
them
run
from
one
side
of
the
street
to
the
other,
just
under
the
asphalt
roads.
Some,
however,
dive
deep
into
the
ground.
When
the
street
surface
gets
hot
in
summer,
water
pumped
through
the
pipes
picks
up
this
heat
and
takes
it
underground
through
one
of
the
diving
pipes.
At
a
depth
of
100
metres
lies
a
natural
aquifer(含水层)
into
which
several
heat
exchangers
(交换器)
have
been
built.
The
hot
water
from
the
street
runs
through
these
exchangers,
warming
the
ground
water,
before
returning
to
the
surface
through
another
pipe.
The
aquifer
is
thus
used
as
a
heat
store.
In
winter,
the
working
system
is
changed
slightly.
Water
is
pumped
through
the
heat
exchangers
to
pick
up
the
heat
stored
during
summer.
This
water
goes
into
the
building
and
is
used
to
warm
the
place
up.
After
performing
that
task,
it
is
pumped
under
the
asphalt
and
its
remaining
heat
keeps
the
road
free
of
snow
and
ice.
32.Which
of
the
following
is
true
according
to
the
first
two
paragraphs?
A.Arian
de
Bondt
got
his
idea
from
his
boss.
B.Large,
flat,
and
black
surfaces
need
to
be
built
in
cities.
C.The
Dutch
engineer's
system
has
been
widely
used.
D.Heat
can
also
be
collected
from
asphalt
roads.
33.For
what
purpose
are
the
diving
pipes
used?
A.To
absorb
heat
from
the
sun.
B.To
store
heat
for
future
use.
C.To
turn
solar
energy
into
heat
energy.
D.To
carry
heat
down
below
the
surface.
34.What
can
we
know
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.Some
pipes
have
to
be
rearranged
in
winter.
B.The
system
can
do
more
than
warming
up
the
building.
C.The
exchangers
will
pick
up
heat
from
the
street
surface.
D.Less
heat
may
be
collected
in
winter
than
in
summer.
35.What
is
most
likely
to
be
discussed
in
the
paragraph
that
follows?
A.What
shall
we
do
if
the
system
goes
wrong.
B.What
shall
we
do
if
there
are
no
asphalt
roads.
C.How
the
system
cools
the
building
in
summer.
D.How
the
system
collects
heat
in
spring
and
autumn.
答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。最简单的方法往往最有效。城市里既然有了巨大的“深色”表面,为什么不用来收集太阳能呢?荷兰工程师
Arian
de
Bondt
就发明了这样一个系统,用于在城市道路上收集太阳热量,以便储存加热地底的水,还可以在冬季使用。
32.D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“But
why
go
to
all
that
trouble
when
cities
are
full
of
black
surfaces
already,
in
the
form
of
asphalt
(柏油)
roads?”可知,柏油路也可以用来收集热量。故选D项。
33.D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The
hot
water
from
the
street
runs
through
these
exchangers,
warming
the
ground
water,
before
returning
to
the
surface
through
another
pipe.”可知,潜水管的作用是把热量传导到下面的储水层里。故选D项。
34.B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“After
performing
that
task,
it
is
pumped
under
the
asphalt
and
its
remaining
heat
keeps
the
road
free
of
snow
and
ice.”可知,这个系统不仅可以给建筑物供暖,还可以防止道路结冰积雪。故选B项。
35.C　推理判断题。文章最后一段讲了冬天如何供暖,所以后面要讲这个系统在夏天如何为建筑物降温。故选C项。
第二节　(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
　　阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2020杭州七县期末)
How
to
stay
healthy
living
in
a
city
Staying
in
a
city
is
a
great
way
to
live
a
safer
and
more
environmentally
friendly
lifestyle.
City
living
provides
you
with
plenty
of
chances
to
stay
healthy.
You're
only
a
few
steps
away
from
being
your
healthiest
self!
　36　Invest
(投资)
in
a
bike
to
save
time
and
money
on
traveling.
While
cars
seem
faster,
you
can
have
more
mobility
by
riding
a
bike.
Check
and
see
if
your
city
has
any
bike
routes
built
into
the
street
that
allow
you
to
travel
more
safely.?
　37　Search
online
or
look
through
your
local
newspaper
advertisements
to
see
if
a
gym
or
a
fitness
club
is
near
you.
While
gyms
are
a
bit
more
expensive,
you
can
get
special
equipment.
　38　
If
anything,
exercising
in
a
busier
place
can
help
you
feel
more
motivated
(有动力的).?
Run
to
stay
in
shape.
　39　
If
you
don't
feel
like
driving
or
biking,
running
can
also
be
a
great
choice
for
getting
from
place
to
place.
Whenever
you
go
out,
make
sure
that
you're
running
in
comfortable
shoes
and
wearing
a
reflective
shirt.?
Plan
healthy
meals
for
each
week.
Create
a
calendar
for
mealtimes,
including
breakfast,
lunch,
and
dinner.
　40　
So
you
can
shop
for
what
you
need
early
on.
If
you're
going
to
be
busy
on
a
certain
day
of
the
week,
choose
a
frozen
meal
instead.?
A.
Join
a
local
gym
to
stay
healthy.
B.
Travel
by
bike
instead
of
car
to
get
to
places.
C.
Don't
worry
about
the
places
being
too
crowded.
D.
Check
the
area
in
walking
distance
from
your
home.
E.
Order
from
healthier
restaurants
instead
of
going
for
fast
food.
F.
Decide
ahead
of
time
what
you'd
like
to
eat
throughout
the
week.
G.
Use
the
large
number
of
sidewalks
around
you
to
get
some
exercise.
答案
[语篇解读]　本篇为说明文。文章介绍了在城市生活中保持健康的方法,包括去健身房、骑车代替开车、坚持跑步塑形、每周进行健康的饮食等。
36.B　考查段首主题句。根据下文Invest
(投资)
in
a
bike
to
save
time
and
money
on
traveling.
While
cars
seem
faster,
you
can
have
more
mobility
by
riding
a
bike.可知,本段介绍了以骑自行车这样健康的方式出行。由此可知,B项Travel
by
bike
instead
of
car
to
get
to
places.符合文意,故选B。
37.A　考查段首主题句。根据后文Search
online
or
look
through
your
local
newspaper
advertisements
to
see
if
a
gym
or
a
fitness
club
is
near
you.可知,本段提到了解当地的健身房,可以在健身房进行运动。由此可知,A项Join
a
local
gym
to
stay
healthy.符合文意,故选A。
38.C　考查段中句以及逻辑关系。根据下文If
anything,
exercising
in
a
busier
place
can
help
you
feel
more
motivated.可知,健身房人多也没关系,反而会激起你运动的动力。由此可知,C项“Don't
worry
about
the
places
being
too
crowded.”,符合文意,故选C。
39.G　考查段中句以及逻辑关系。根据下文If
you
don't
feel
like
driving
or
biking,
running
can
also
be
a
great
choice
for
getting
from
place
to
place.可知,跑步这一活动不受环境的限制,周围的人行道也可以进行跑步锻炼。由此可知,G项“利用周围大量的人行道做一些运动”符合文意,故选G。
40.F　考查段中句以及逻辑关系。根据上文Create
a
calendar
for
mealtimes,
including
breakfast,
lunch,
and
dinner.及下文So
you
can
shop
for
what
you
need
early
on.可知,要提前对自己的健康食谱做好准备。由此可知,F项“提前决定你整个星期想吃什么”符合文意,故选F。
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节　(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文,从每题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2020山东泰安高二上期末)
In
1994,
The
Brazilian
photographer
Salgado
went
back
to
his
homeland
in
Minas
Gerais,
Brazil.
He
was
　41　
to
see
the
land
run
by
his
family.
The
thick
forest
there
was
once
a
paradise
(乐园)
for
him
and
his
friends,
bringing
them
　42　
memories.?
To
his
horror,
he
saw
a
totally
different
　43　.
Only
0.5%
of
the
land
was
covered
with
trees.
“The
land
was
as
sick
as
a
serious
patient—everything
was
　44　
due
to
deforestation
(滥伐森林),”
Salgado
said
　45　
during
a
meeting
on
climate
change
in
Paris.?
Salgado　46　
that
he
should
do
something
about
it.
Then
he
　47　
a
bold
idea
of
replanting
trees
on
the
land.
He
received
　48　
from
his
wife
and
relatives,
which
was
beyond
his
expectations.
Soon
the
whole
family
　49　
and
the
results
were
remarkable.
　50　,
the
land
was
changing:
It
was
carpeted
with
green
trees
again
and
some
of
the
insects,
birds
and
animals
living
in
the
land
before
　51　.
The
land
has
been
brought
back
to
life.
The
　52　
family's
hard
work
also
impressed
people
around
them.
They
　53　
cutting
down
trees
and
began
to
protect
the
environment.?
“The
work
over
the
years
is
quite
difficult
but
well
worth
the
　54　
and
I
think
every
little
bit
of
work
　55　,”
said
Salgado.
Therefore,
everyone
should
play
a
part
in
protecting
the
environment.?
41.A.sorry　　
　B.ready　　　
C.eager　　　D.willing
42.A.wonderful　　　B.embarrassing　　　C.painful　　D.complex
43.A.direction　　　B.atmosphere　　　C.plan　　　D.sight
44.A.disturbed　　　B.destroyed　　　　C.prohibited　　
　D.abandoned
45.A.calmly　　
　B.nervously　　
　C.sadly　　　
D.lightly
46.A.admitted　　　B.realized　　　
C.agreed　　　D.proved
47.A.thought
up　　　B.laughed
at　　　C.turned
down　　　D.tried
out
48.A.doubts　　
　B.permission　　　C.suggestions　　　D.support
49.A.backed
off　　　B.broke
up　　　　C.took
action　　
　D.got
through
50.A.Suddenly　　　B.Eventually　　　C.Gradually　　　D.Generally
51.A.escaped　　　B.returned　　　C.approached　　　D.died
52.A.kind-hearted　　　B.brave　　　　C.devoted　　　
D.considerate
53.A.forgot　　　
B.stopped　　　C.delayed　　　D.missed
54.A.comment　　　B.promise　　　C.offer　　
　D.effort
55.A.increases　　　B.matches　　　C.improves　　　D.matters
答案
41.C　根据下文的“The
thick
forest
there
was
once
a
paradise
(乐园)
for
him
and
his
friends,
bringing
them
　42　
memories.”可知他渴望看到他的家族经营的土地。故选C项。?
42.A　根据上文的“The
thick
forest
there
was
once
a
paradise
(乐园
)
for
him
and
his
friends...”可知,茂密的森林给他们带来了美好的回忆。wonderful美好的;embarrassing使人尴尬的;painful痛苦的;complex复杂的。故选A项。
43.D　根据下文的“Only
0.5%
of
the
land
was
covered
with
trees.”可知,他看到了一个完全不同的景象。direction方向;atmosphere气氛;plan计划;sight景象。故选D项。
44.B　根据下文的“due
to
deforestation”可知,这里的意思是由于森林砍伐,一切都被破坏了。disturb干扰;destroy破坏;prohibit禁止;abandon抛弃。故选B项。
45.C　根据上文“The
land
was
as
sick
as
a
serious
patient—everything
was
　44　
due
to
deforestation...”可知,Salgado在巴黎举行的气候变化会议上悲伤地说。故选C项。?
46.B　根据下文的“Then
he
　47　
a
bold
idea
of
replanting
trees
on
the
land.
He
received
　48　
from
his
wife
and
relatives,
which
was
beyond
his
expectations.”可知,这里的意思是Salgado意识到他应该做点什么。admit承认;realize意识到;agree同意;prove证明。故选B项。?
47.A　根据下文的“...a
bold
idea
of
replanting
trees
on
the
land...”可知,这里的意思是他想出了一个大胆的主意。think
up想出;laugh
at嘲笑;turn
down拒绝;try
out试验。故选A项。
48.D　根据下文的“Soon
the
whole
family
　49　
and
the
results
were
remarkable.”可知,他得到了妻子和亲戚的支持。doubt怀疑;permission允许;suggestion建议;support支持。故选D项。?
49.C　根据下文的“...and
the
results
were
remarkable.”可知,整个家庭都采取了行动。back
off后退;break
up结束;take
action采取行动;get
through通过。故选C项。
50.C　根据生活常识可知,土地发生变化是一个逐渐变化的过程。suddenly突然地;eventually最后;gradually渐渐地;generally普遍地。故选C。
51.B　根据下文的“The
land
has
been
brought
back
to
life.”可知,之前生活在这片土地上的一些昆虫、鸟类和动物也回来了。故选B项。
52.C　从文中得知Salgado一家人通过自己的努力,把荒野重新变成了绿洲,这是有献身精神的一家人。kind-hearted好心的;brave勇敢的;devoted有献身精神的;considerate考虑周到的。故选C项。
53.B　根据上文的“The
　52　
family's
hard
work
also
impressed
people
around
them.”可知,他们停止砍伐树木,开始保护环境。故选B项。?
54.D　根据上文的“The
　52　
family's
hard
work
also
impressed
people
around
them.”可知,Salgado一家为这项工作付出了辛苦的努力。comment评论;promise许诺;offer提供;effort努力。故选D项。?
55.D　根据最后一句“Therefore,
everyone
should
play
a
part
in
protecting
the
environment.”可知,这里的意思是每一点工作都很重要。increase增加;match匹配;improve改善;matter要紧。故选D项。
第二节　(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020浙江杭州八校联盟高二上期中)
Jane
Goodall
was
born
in
London
in
1934.
She
became
interested
in
animal
stories
when
she
was
a
very
young
child.
She
always
dreamed
of
working
with
wild
　56　
(animal).
When
she
was
eleven
years
old,
she
decided
that
she
wanted
　57　
(go)
to
Africa
to
live
with
and
write
about
animals.
But
this
was
not
the
kind
of
thing
young
women
usually
did
in
the
1940s.
Everybody
was
laughing
except
her
mother.
“If
you
　58　
(real)
want
something,
work
hard,
take
advantage
of
the
opportunity,
never
give
up,
and
you
will
find
a
way,”
her
mother
said
to
her.
The
opportunity
　59　
(come)
at
last.
A
school
friend
invited
her
to
Africa.
Jane
worked
as
　60　
waitress
until
she
got
enough
money
to
travel
there.?
In
1957,
Jane
Goodall
traveled
to
Africa.
She
soon
met
the
well-known
scientist
Louis
Leakey
and
began
working
for
him
as
an
assistant.
He
later
asked
her
to
study
a
group
of
chimpanzees
　61　
(live)
by
a
lake
in
Tanzania.
Very
little
was
known
about
wild
chimpanzees
at
that
time.?
Jane
spent
many
years
studying
chimpanzees
　62　
this
area
of
Africa.
It
was
not
easy
work.
They
were
very
shy
and
would
run
away
　63　
she
came
near.
She
learned
to
watch
them
from
far
away
using
binoculars
(双筒望远镜).
Over
time,
she
slowly
gained
　64　
(they)
trust.
Watching
the
chimpanzees,
she
made
many
discoveries.
They
ate
vegetables
and
fruit.
But
she
found
that
they
also
ate
meat.
A
few
weeks
later,
she
made
an
even
more
　65　
(surprise)
discovery.
She
saw
chimpanzees
making
and
using
tools
to
help
them
catch
insects.?
答案
56.animals　考查名词复数。句意:她总是梦想与野生动物一起工作。animal是可数名词,前面没有限定词,所以填animals。
57.to
go　考查固定句型。句意:当她十一岁的时候,她决定要去非洲和动物一起生活,写关于动物的文章。want
to
do
sth.想要做某事,所以填to
go。
58.really　考查副词。句意:“如果你真的想要做某事,努力工作,抓住机会,永不放弃,你会找到方法的,”她的母亲对她说。该空修饰动词want,用副词,所以填really。
59.came　考查时态。句意:机会终于来了。描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,所以填came。
60.a　考查冠词。句意:Jane当一个女服务员,直到她有足够的钱去那里旅游。泛指“一个女服务员”,waitress的首字母发音是辅音,用不定冠词a。
61.living　考查非谓语动词。句意:后来他请她研究一群生活在坦桑尼亚的一个湖边的黑猩猩。　61　(live)
by
a
lake
in
Tanzania作定语,修饰chimpanzees。live和chimpanzees之间是主动关系,用现在分词作定语,所以填living。?
62.in　考查介词。句意:Jane花了许多年研究非洲这个地区的黑猩猩。表示“在这个地方”,用介词in。
63.whenever/when/if　考查连词。句意:它们很害羞,当她走近时它们就会逃跑。文中表示“无论何时”“当……时”或“如果”,所以填whenever/when/if。
64.their　考查代词。句意:随着时间的推移,她慢慢获得了它们的信任。表示“它们的”,所以填their。
65.surprising　考查形容词。句意:几周后,她有了一个更惊人的发现。该空修饰名词discovery,用形容词,v.-ing修饰物,v.-ed修饰人,所以填surprising。
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节　应用文写作(满分15分)
(2020四川成都蓉城高中教育联盟高二上期中联考)
假设你是李华,你从报纸上看到成都熊猫基地在招募寒假志愿者,为外国友人介绍熊猫基地的情况及熊猫的习性,你很感兴趣,写信应征。内容包括:
1.表达意愿。
2.介绍自己的优势。
3.你被招募后的打算。
注意:
1.词数80左右;开头和结尾已写好,不计入总词数;
2.可适当发挥,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:熊猫基地:the
Panda
Base
答案
One
possible
version:
Dear
Sir/Madam,?
I'm
Li
Hua.
I'm
writing
in
response
to
your
advertisement
on
the
newspaper
for
a
volunteer.
You
say
that
you
need
a
volunteer
to
introduce
the
situation
in
the
Panda
Base
and
living
habits
of
pandas
during
the
winter
vacation.
I'm
really
interested
in
it.?
Let
me
introduce
myself
first.
I'm
a
senior
middle
school
student
and
good
at
English.
Besides,
I'm
outgoing,
so
I
can
communicate
and
get
along
well
with
people.
Finally,
as
a
native,
I
know
many
things
about
the
Panda
Base
and
pandas.
So
I'm
sure
I
can
do
this
job
well.?
If
I'm
lucky
enough
to
be
chosen,
I'll
try
my
best
to
do
my
job
well.
I'll
introduce
our
culture
to
foreigners
in
fluent
English.
So
trust
me
and
you
won't
regret.?
I'd
be
grateful
if
you
could
give
me
a
chance.
Thanks!?
Yours
sincerely,?
Li
Hua?
第二节　读后续写(满分25分)
　　阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2020山东淄博高二上期中)
The
bell
rang,
announcing
the
end
of
the
vivid
art
class
Karson
loved
most.
He
was
delighted
that
he
had
created
a
very
satisfying
work.
So
he
walked
to
the
back
of
the
classroom
to
put
his
work
away
carefully.
There,
lying
on
the
carpet
in
front
of
the
classroom
bookcase,
was
a
golden
ticket!
Karson
picked
it
up.
His
heart
beat
faster
when
he
saw
that
the
name
line
was
blank.
He
couldn't
believe
his
luck!
The
boys
and
girls
in
Karson's
class
could
earn
golden
tickets
by
doing
well
in
their
study
or
by
being
extra
helpful
or
kind.
Once
a
week
their
teacher
drew
a
ticket
out
of
a
box
on
her
desk
and
let
the
winner
choose
a
prize.
Today
was
the
golden
ticket
drawing,
and
here
was
another
ticket,
just
for
him!
Karson
looked
around.
No
one
else
was
near
the
ticket.
All
his
classmates
were
at
their
desks,
laughing
and
talking
with
each
other.
Miss
Evans
was
engaged
in
grading
the
papers
collected
earlier
in
the
morning.
Karson
decided
to
write
his
name
on
the
blank
line.
Then
he
could
put
it
into
the
prize
box
with
the
six
tickets
he'd
already
earned.
With
so
many
chances,
one
of
his
tickets
would
most
probably
be
picked!
Then
he
could
choose
the
pink
toy
pig
for
his
sister's
birthday,
just
like
he
had
been
hoping.
He
smiled
and
reached
for
the
pencil
in
his
pocket.
Suddenly
his
fingers
stopped.
There
was
a
strange
feeling
in
his
chest,
and
it
wasn't
his
heartbeat.
It's
finders
keepers,
right?
He
wondered.
He
looked
out
of
the
window
and
tried
to
figure
it
out.
On
the
one
hand,
he
did
find
the
ticket,
but
he
hadn't
earned
it.
Somebody
must
have
lost
it.
But
on
the
other
hand,
he
did
need
this
extra
ticket
for
his
great
plan!
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
答案
One
possible
version:
Paragraph
1:
Karson
stared
at
the
blank
name
line
for
a
moment.
He
knew
his
plan
wouldn't
be
so
great
if
he
won
with
a
ticket
that
didn't
belong
to
him.
So
he
walked
up
to
his
teacher.
“Miss
Evans,
I
happened
to
find
this
ticket
on
the
floor
near
the
bookcase.
I
think
the
one
who
lost
it
will
look
for
it.
And
these
are
mine,”
he
said,
dropping
his
six
tickets
into
the
box.
When
he
turned
around
to
leave,
the
teacher
stopped
him.?
Paragraph
2:
“Karson,
I'd
like
you
to
have
another
ticket!”
Miss
Evans
said.
Karson
was
amazed
and
wondered
why.
Miss
Evans
smiled
and
signed
to
the
class
to
quiet
down,
“Karson
handed
in
the
golden
ticket
he
had
just
found.
I
think
he
is
honest
and
deserves
another
one!”
The
class
burst
into
loud
applause.
Karson
happily
went
back
to
his
seat,
eagerly
expecting
the
ticket
drawing.
He
still
wanted
his
name
to
be
picked,
but
he
would
feel
OK
even
if
it
wasn't.
After
all,
making
the
right
choice
did
make
him
feel
great!?