Unit
2
Morals
and
Virtues
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Dale
Carnegie
(戴尔·卡耐基)
was
an
American
writer
and
lecturer,
and
the
developer
of
famous
courses
in
self?improvement,
salesmanship,
corporate
training,
public
speaking
and
interpersonal
skills.
Born
in
1888
in
Maryville,
Missouri,
Carnegie
was
a
poor
farmer's
boy.
His
family
moved
to
Belton,
Missouri
when
he
was
a
small
child.
In
his
teens,
though
still
having
to
get
up
at
4
am
every
day
to
milk
his
parents'
cows,
he
managed
to
obtain
an
education
at
the
State
Teacher's
College
in
Warrensburg.
His
first
job
after
college
was
selling
correspondence
courses.
He
moved
on
to
selling
bacon,
soap,
and
lard(猪油)for
Armour&
Company.
After
saving
$500,
Dale
Carnegie
quit
sales
in
1911
in
order
to
achieve
a
lifelong
dream
of
becoming
a
lecturer.
He
ended
up
instead
attending
the
American
Academy
of
Dramatic
Arts
in
New
York,
but
found
little
success
as
an
actor.
Later
he
got
the
idea
to
teach
public
speaking.
In
his
first
session,
he
suggested
that
students
speak
about
“something
that
made
them
angry”，
and
discovered
the
technique
that
made
speakers
unafraid
to
address
a
public
audience.
From
its
beginning,
the
Dale
Carnegie
Course
developed.
Carnegie
had
made
use
of
the
average
American's
desire
to
have
more
self?confidence.
Perhaps
one
of
Carnegie's
most
successful
marketing
moves
was
to
change
the
spelling
of
his
last
name
from
“Carnagey”
to
Carnegie,
at
a
time
when
Andrew
Carnegie
was
a
widely
recognized
name.
Carnegie's
works
include
Lincoln
the
Unknown
(1932),
Public
Speaking
and
Influencing
Men
in
Business
(1937),
and
How
to
Stop
Worrying
and
Start
Living
(1948).
His
greatest
achievement,
however,
was
when
Simon
&.
Schuster
published
How
to
Win
Friends
and
Influence
People.
The
book
was
a
bestseller
from
1936.
By
the
time
of
Carnegie's
death,
the
book
had
sold
five
million
copies
in
31
languages,
and
there
had
been
450,000
graduates
of
his
Dale
Carnegie
Institute.
Carnegie
died
at
his
home
in
New
York
in
1955.
本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了戴尔·卡耐基的生平和成就。
1．What
do
you
think
of
Dale
Carnegie's
childhood?
A．Joyful.
B．Difficult.
C．Lonely.
D．Boring.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In
his
teens,
though
still
having
to
get
up
at
4
am
every
day
to
milk
his
parents'
cows”可知，卡耐基出生在一个农民家庭，小时候每天早晨四点钟就要起来挤牛奶，由此可知，他的童年是非常艰苦的，故B项正确。
2．Which
of
the
following
is
important
for
Dale
Carnegie?
A．Helping
people
to
get
wealthy.
B．Encouraging
one
to
trust
himself.
C．Teaching
people
speaking
skills.
D．Advising
people
to
live
happily.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Carnegie
had
made
use
of
the
average
American's
desire
to
have
more
self?confidence.”可知，美国民众渴望拥有自信，由此可知，鼓励人们相信自己对卡耐基来说很重要，故B项正确。
3．Why
did
Dale
Carnegie
change
his
last
name?
A．To
get
more
help
and
support.
B．To
replace
Andrew
Carnegie.
C．To
avoid
misunderstanding.
D．To
become
more
famous.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“change
the
spelling
of
his
last
name
from
‘Carnagey’
to
Carnegie,
at
a
time
when
Andrew
Carnegie
was
a
widely
recognized
name.”可知，卡耐基把名字由Carnagey改成Carnegie是因为当时安德鲁·卡耐基是一个家喻户晓的名字，也就是说他想要更出名才改名字，故D项正确。
4．Which
of
the
following
is
Dale
Carnegie's
most
successful
work?
A．Lincoln
the
Unknown
B．How
to
Win
Friends
and
Influence
People
C．How
to
Stop
Worrying
and
Start
Living
D．Public
Speaking
and
Influencing
Men
in
Business
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“His
greatest
achievement,
however,
was
when
Simon
&.
Schuster
published
How
to
Win
Friends
and
Influence
People.”可知，《人性的弱点》是卡耐基最成功的著作，故B项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
How
Laughing
at
Yourself
Makes
You
Attractive
Have
you
ever
embarrassed
yourself
in
public
and
got
laughed
at
for
it?
__1__
And
it's
okay—we
should
even
have
a
laugh
about
them.
●Laughing
at
yourself
means
accepting
who
you
really
are.
You
may
feel
bad
about
yourself
because
of
past
misfortune.
However,
it's
normal
to
be
imperfect.
What's
important
is
that
you
should
be
honest
with
yourself
about
who
you
are.
__2__
You
won't
be
able
to
laugh
at
yourself
without
self?acceptance.
●Laughing
at
yourself
helps
increase
your
confidence.
When
you're
able
to
stay
optimistic
and
laugh
at
yourself,
you
are
likely
to
be
more
successful
in
life.
__3__
More
importantly,
it
helps
you
realize
your
own
weaknesses,
so
you
know
which
areas
to
do
better
in.
●__4__
Laughing
at
someone
else
may
hurt
their
feelings
even
if
you
didn't
intend
to,
while
laughing
at
yourself
does
not.
You
might
even
bring
a
smile
to
their
faces.
Don't
worry
about
losing
respect
from
others,
because
people
actually
appreciate
it
when
you
laugh
at
yourself.
Laughing
at
yourself
shows
that
you
have
the
courage
to
do
so
and
you're
being
real
about
your
imperfections,
making
people
think
you
are
likeable.
Just
remember
that
humans
all
make
mistakes.
So
instead
of
blaming
yourself,
try
to
think
of
your
mistakes,
in
a
positive
way
and
accept
yourself
just
as
you
are.
__5__
A．Laughing
at
yourself
makes
you
popular.
B．Accept
yourself
despite
your
imperfections.
C．You
should
try
to
understand
yourself
better.
D．Chances
are
that
we
all
have
these
kinds
of
experiences.
E．Laughing
at
yourself
changes
an
ideal
image
of
yourself.
F．Learn
to
laugh
at
yourself
and
you
will
be
more
attractive.
G．This
is
because
laughing
at
yourself
helps
lift
your
mood
in
face
of
difficulties.
本文为说明文。主要介绍了自嘲的好处，如何通过自嘲使你变得更有魅力，更受欢迎。
1．D 解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据上文“Have
you
ever
embarrassed
yourself
in
public
and
got
laughed
at
for
it？”及空后的“And
it's
okay”可知，此空格是说我们有可能都经历过被嘲笑。分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选D。
2．B 解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格所在的第二段的中心为“嘲笑自己意味着接受真实的自己，有时可能感觉自己不够好，但不完美是正常的”。分析选项可知B项(接受不完美的自己)与本段意义一致。故选B。
3．G 解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格的上下句的意思为“自嘲有助于增强自信。当你乐观且嘲笑自己时，你的生活可能会更成功，让你认识到自己的不足从而做得更好”。由此可推断出“自嘲有助于你在困难面前提升情绪”，分析选项可知G项符合题意，故选G。
4．A 解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空格是一段的中心。本段的意思为：嘲笑别人可能伤害他们的感情，即使你是无意的，而嘲笑自己不会。你甚至可以给他们带来微笑。别人会欣赏你、尊重你，表明你有勇气。不完美的你会让人们觉得你是可爱的。由此可得出，自嘲会给别人带来微笑，别人会欣赏你、尊重你，你会受到欢迎的。分析选项可知A项(自嘲使你受欢迎)符合题意，故选A。
5．F 解析：考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本题处于文章的最后一句。最后一句话一般是对本文的总结，呼应了文章的题目“How
Laughing
at
Yourself
Makes
You
Attractive(自嘲如何让你变得有魅力)”。分析选项可知F项(学会自嘲，你会变得更有魅力)符合题意，故选F。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
There
were
two
men
who
occupied
the
same
hospital
room.
One
man
was
allowed
to
sit
up
in
his
bed
for
an
hour
a
day
to
drain
(排除)
the
liquids
from
his
lungs.
His
bed
was
next
to
the
room's
only
window.
The
other
man
had
to
spend
all
his
time
flat
on
his
back.
The
men
talked
for
hours
every
day.
They
spoke
about
their
wives
and
families
and
their
jobs.
And
every
afternoon
when
the
man
by
the
window
could
sit
up,
he
would
pass
the
time
by
describing
to
his
roommate
all
the
things
he
could
see
outside
the
window.
The
man
in
the
other
bed
would
live
for
those
one?hour
periods
where
his
world
would
be
broadened
by
all
the
activities
and
colors
of
the
outside
world.
The
window
overlooked
a
park
with
a
lovely
lake,
the
man
had
said.
Ducks
and
swans
played
on
the
water
while
children
sailed
their
model
boats.
Lovers
walked
arm
in
arm,
and
a
fine
view
of
the
city
could
be
seen
in
the
distance.
As
the
man
by
the
window
described
all
this
in
detail,
the
man
on
the
other
side
of
the
room
closed
his
eyes
and
imagined
the
beautiful
scene.
One
warm
afternoon,
the
man
by
the
window
described
a
parade
passing
by.
Although
the
other
man
could
not
hear
the
band,
he
could
see
it
in
his
mind's
eye
as
the
gentleman
by
the
window
described
it.
Unexpectedly,
a
strange
thought
entered
his
head:
Why
could
he
look
out
of
the
window?
Why
should
he
have
all
the
pleasure
of
seeing
everything
while
I
never
get
to
see
anything?
It
didn't
seem
fair.
As
the
thought
developed,
the
man
felt
ashamed
at
first.
But
as
the
days
passed
and
he
missed
seeing
more
sights,
his
envy
turned
into
hate
and
soon
turned
him
sour.
He
began
to
find
himself
unable
to
sleep.
He
should
be
by
that
window
and
that
thought
now
controlled
his
life.
答案
Paragraph
1：
Late
one
night,
as
he
lay
staring
at
the
ceiling,
another
man
began
to
cough.
The
man
by
the
window
was
choked
by
the
liquids
in
his
lungs.
The
other
man
watched
it,
as
the
man
by
the
window
tried
to
press
the
button
to
call
for
help.
Listening,
he
never
pushed
his
own
button
which
would
have
called
the
nurse
in.
In
less
than
five
minutes,
the
coughing
stopped,
along
with
the
sound
of
breathing.
The
following
morning,
the
nurse
called
the
hospital
attendant
to
take
the
lifeless
body
away.
Paragraph
2：
As
soon
as
it
seemed
reasonable,
the
man
asked
the
nurse
if
he
could
move
next
to
the
window.
The
nurse
was
happy
to
make
the
change
and
after
making
sure
he
was
comfortable,
she
left
him
alone.
He
moved
slowly
and
painfully
to
take
his
first
look.
Finally,
he
would
have
the
chance
to
see
the
outside
world
himself.
He
couldn't
wait
to
look
out
of
the
window
beside
the
bed.
However,
to
his
surprise,
it
faced
a
blank
wall.
He
felt
ashamed
again
and
closed
his
eyes
only
to
find
his
envy
had
changed
him
totally.Unit
2
Morals
and
Virtues
Ⅰ.阅读理解
By
day
a
Cairo
dentist
and
by
night
a
novelist,
he
spent
years
struggling
to
get
published.
Today,
Alaa
Al
Aswany
is
a
best?selling
writer
across
the
globe.
Aswany
was
born
in
Cairo
in
1957.
His
father
was
also
a
novelist,
who
won
the
state
award
for
literature
in
1972.
“He
was
my
first
professor
of
literature.
He
told
me
what
to
read
and
what
not
to
read，”
said
Aswany,
who
had
a
traditional
French
education
and
then
went
to
Chicago
to
study
for
his
dentistry
degree.
In
2002,
his
novel
The
Yacoubian
Building,
was
quietly
accepted
by
a
small,
independent
publisher
in
Cairo.
Its
first,
edition
sold
out
in
four
weeks
and
it
was
the
Arab
world's
best?seller
for
five
successive
years,
selling
250,000
copies
in
a
region
where
print
runs
seldom
go
beyond
3,000.
Word
spread
quickly,
people
talked
about
it.
It
was
made
into
a
hit
film
and
a
TV
serial,
and
has
since
been
translated
into
27
languages.
Aswany
said,
“Society
is
a
living
organism
and
you
must
keep
up.
That's
why
I
still
practise,
though
for
only
two
days
a
week.
I
will
never
close
the
clinic
(诊所).
The
clinic
is
my
window.
I
open
it
to
see
what
is
happening
in
the
street.
You
can't
get
disconnected
from
the
street,
as
a
writer;
that's
a
common
mistake.
You
can
be
too
easily
welcomed
every
night
by
the
richest
people
and
the
most
influential.
It
is
very
dangerous
because
it
is
that
relationship
with
the
street
that
made
you
successful
in
the
first
place.”
这是一篇说明文。介绍了Alaa
Al
Aswany是全球最畅销的作家，他白天是开罗的牙医，晚上是一位作家。他将诊所当做与现实世界建立联系的窗户。
1．What
role
did
Aswany's
father
play
in
his
writing
career?
A．He
aroused
his
interest
in
literature.
B．He
taught
him
French
in
college.
C．He
read
him
novels
as
a
reward.
D．He
sent
him
to
Chicago
to
learn
literature.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中His
father
was
also
a
novelist,
who
won
the
state
award
for
literature
in
1972.
“He
was
my
first
professor
of
literature.
He
told
me
what
to
read
and
what
not
to
read，”
said
Aswany(他的父亲也是一位小说家，1972年获得国家文学奖。“他是我的第一位文学教授。他告诉我什么该读，什么不该读。”Aswany说)可推知Aswany的父亲激起了Aswany对文学的兴趣。故选A。
2．How
did
the
novel
The
Yacoubian
Building
firstly
become
well
known?
A．By
its
film
adaptation.
B．By
media
advertising.
C．By
the
public
concern.
D．By
its
amazing.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句Word
spread
quickly,
people
talked
about
it.
It
was
made
into
a
hit
film
and
a
TV
serial,
and
has
since
been
translated
into
27
languages.(消息很快传开了，人们开始谈论这本书。它被拍成电影和电视剧，并被翻译成27种语言。)可知小说《亚库比恩公寓》首先是通过引起了公众的关注而出名。故选C。
3．Why
does
Aswany
still
work
as
a
dentist?
A．He
likes
the
view
in
the
street.
B．He
needs
to
make
a
living
as
a
dentist.
C．He
wants
to
help
the
poor
as
a
doctor.
D．He
connects
to
real
life
through
his
clinic.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中The
clinic
is
my
window.
I
open
it
to
see
what
is
happening
in
the
street.(诊所是我的窗口。我打开它看看街上发生了什么。)可知诊所是Aswany的窗口。Aswany通过诊所来与现实生活建立联系。故选D。
4．Which
of
the
following
can
best
describe
Aswany?
A．Generous.
B．Hardworking.
C．Outgoing.
D．Humorous.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容，尽管Aswany已经很出名，但是他还是坚持一周两天在诊所里工作，来让自己和现实世界建立起联系，可以看出Aswany是一个非常勤奋的人。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Memory
likes
to
play
tricks
on
us.
Sometimes
it
__1__
us
to
places
we
once
loved
but
haven't
seen
in
years.It
was
an
early
morning
I
was
sleeping
when
something
__2__
me
up.
It
was
my
grandson
Henry
bouncing
(蹦跳)
his
way
down
to
the
kitchen
to
“cook
breakfast”．
I
suddenly
thought
about
cookies,
the
perfections
my
grandmother
made.
They
were
as
__3__
as
a
baby's
smile.
We'd
__4__
them
in
butter
and
jam
made
with
blackberries
I
picked
myself.
That's
__5__
life
was
like
on
my
grandmother's
farm—__6__
berries,
milking
cows.
What
more
could
a
child
ever
want?
I
loved
it.
I
__7__
loved
those
cookies.
I
learned
a
lot
from
my
grandmother.
How
to
read.
How
to
sit
in
a
swing
at
the
end
of
a
day
and
just
be
__8__
with
everything.
But
I
never
learned
how
to
make
cookies
her
way.
I've
made
them
__9__
various
cookbooks.
They're
not
bad,
but
not
half
as
good
as
__10__
were.
My
kids
would
wolf
them
down.
They
weren't
__11__
about
the
cookies,
but
they
loved
butter
and
jam.
I
rolled
out
of
bed
and
went
downstairs
to
__12__
my
grandchild
and
made
some
cookies.
They
weren't
great
cookies,
but
they
were
good
enough.
We
covered
them
in
butter
and
jam.
Henry
ate
two
and
kept
__13__
my
cookies
with
greedy
smile
__14__
I
gave
him
half.
Maybe
someday
he'll
say
they
were
the
best
cookies
ever.
The
__15__
we
leave
with
our
children
and
grandchildren—like
the
cookies
we
make—are
never
made
with
perfection.
They're
just
made
with
love
makes
everything
better,
even
without
butter
and
jam.
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个清晨，作者被孙子叫醒，一时想起了自己祖母做的饼干，那饼干代表爱的传递。
1．A.takes
B．follows
C．admits
D．limits
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.takes带走；B.follows跟随；C.admits
承认；D.limits限制。根据句意可知，此处表示记忆喜欢捉弄我们。有时它带我们去我们曾经爱过但多年没见过的地方。take
sb.
to
sp.意为“带某人去某地”，故选择A项。
2．A.cheered
B．woke
C．fed
D．built
答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.cheered欢呼；B.woke
醒来；C.fed
喂养；D.built建造。根据前文可知，那是一个清晨。“我”正在睡觉时，什么东西把“我”吵醒了。wake
sb.
up意为“叫醒某人”，故选择B项。
3．A.rare
B．colorful
C．sweet
D．light
答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.rare稀有的；B.colorful多彩的；C.sweet甜的；D.light轻的。根据空后的smile可推知，此处表示那些祖母做的饼干像婴儿的微笑一样甜，故选择C项。
4．A.cover
B．place
C．expand
D．make
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.cover覆盖；B.place放置；C.expand扩展；D.make制作。根据句意可知，“我们”会在饼干的上面盖上黄油和“我”自己摘的黑莓做的果酱。故A项正确。
5．A.how
B．what
C．where
D．which
答案：B
解析：考查表语从句连词。根据句意可知，此处表示这就是“我”祖母农场的生活，what引导表语从句，且在从句中作宾语，故选择B。
6．A.removing
B．ordering
C．delivering
D．picking
答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.removing移去；B.ordering命令；C.delivering传送；D.picking拾起。根据语境可知，此处意为摘浆果，故选择D项。
7．A.entirely
B．slightly
C．specially
D．especially
答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。A.entirely完全地；B.slightly稍微；C.specially特别地；D.especially尤其。根据语境可知，一个孩子还能想要什么呢？“我”很喜欢，尤其喜欢那些饼干。故D项正确。
8．A.content
B．bored
C．disappointed
D．busy
答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.content满意的；B.bored厌倦的；C.disappointed失望的；D.busy忙碌的。根据语境可知，“我”从祖母那里学到了很多。如何阅读。如何在一天结束时坐在秋千上，以及对一切都感到满足。be
content
with意为“对……感到满意”，故选择A项。
9．A.thanks
to
B．because
of
C．apart
from
D．according
to
答案：D
解析：考查词组词义辨析。A.thanks
to
多亏；B.because
of因为；C.apart
from除了；D.according
to按照。根据语境可知，“我”从来没有学会如何用祖母的方式做饼干。按照各种食谱做了许多饼干，故选择D项。
10．A.his
B．hers
C．theirs
D．ours
答案：B
解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，“我”按照食谱做的饼干虽然不差，但是味道不及祖母做的一半好。故此处指祖母(hers)做的饼干，故选择B项。
11．A.crazy
B．certain
C．curious
D．confused
答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.crazy疯狂的；B.certain当然的；C.curious
有好奇心的；D.confused困惑的。根据句意，此处表示“我”的孩子们会狼吞虎咽地吃掉它们。他们不喜欢饼干，但他们喜欢黄油和果酱。be
crazy
about意为“对……着迷”，故选择A项。
12．A.protect
B．hug
C．disturb
D．forgive
答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.protect保护；B.hug拥抱；C.disturb
打扰；D.forgive原谅。根据句意，“我”从床上爬了起来，下楼去拥抱了“我”的孙子，并做了些饼干，可知B项符合题意，故选B项。
13．A.staring
at
B．glaring
at
C．taking
away
D．giving
away
答案：A
解析：考查词组词义辨析。A.staring
at
盯着；B.glaring
at
凝视着；C.taking
away带走；D.giving
away赠送。根据句意可知，亨利吃了两块，一直盯着“我”的饼干看，故选A项。
14．A.unless
B．when
C．until
D．since
答案：C
解析：考查状语从句连词。句意：亨利吃了两块，一直盯着“我”的饼干贪婪地笑，直到“我”给了他一半。根据句意可知，此处用until表示“直到”，与文意相符，故选择C项。
15．A.memories
B．impressions
C．words
D．instructions
答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.memories回忆；B.impressions印象；C.words
单词；D.instructions说明。根据文章主旨可知，此处指“我们”给子孙留下的回忆，故选择A项。Unit
2
Morals
and
Virtues
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Barbara
McClintock
was
one
of
the
most
import
scientists
of
the
twentieth
century.
She
made
important
discoveries
about
genes
(基因)
and
chromosomes
(染色体)．
Barbara
McClintock
was
born
in
1902
in
Hartford,
Connecticut.
Her
family
moved
to
Brooklyn
area
of
New
York
City
in
1908.
Barbara
was
an
active
child
with
interests
in
sports
and
music.
She
also
developed
an
interest
in
science.
She
studied
science
at
Cornell
University
in
Ithaca,
New
York.
Barbara
was
among
a
small
number
of
undergraduate
students
to
receive
training
in
genetics
in
1921.
Years
later,
she
noted
that
few
college
students
wanted
to
study
genetics.
Barbara
McClintock
decided
to
study
botany,
the
scientific
study
of
plants,
at
Cornell
University.
She
completed
her
undergraduate
studies
in
1923.
McClintock
decided
to
continue
her
education
at
Cornell.
She
completed
a
master's
degree
in
1925.
Two
years
later,
she
finished
all
her
requirements
for
a
doctorate
degree.
McClintock
stayed
at
Cornell
after
she
completed
her
education.
She
taught
students
botany.
The
1930s
were
not
a
good
time
to
be
a
young
scientist
in
the
United
States.
The
country
was
in
the
middle
of
the
great
economic
Depression.
Millions
of
Americans
were
unemployed.
Male
scientists
were
offered
jobs.
But
female
geneticists
were
not
much
in
demand.
An
old
friend
from
Cornell,
Marcus
Rhoades,
invited
McClintock
to
spend
the
summer
of
1941
working
at
the
Cold
Spring
Harbor
Laboratory.
It
is
a
research
center
on
Long
Island,
near
New
York
City.
McClintock
started
in
a
temporary
(临时的)
job
with
the
genetics
department.
A
short
time
later,
she
accepted
a
permanent
(永久的)
position
with
the
laboratory.
This
gave
her
the
freedom
to
continue
her
research
without
having
to
teach
or
repeatedly
ask
for
financial
aid.
By
the
1970s,
her
discoveries
had
had
an
effect
on
everything
from
genetic
engineering
to
cancer
research.
McClintock
won
the
Nobel
Prize
for
Physiology
or
Medicine
in
1983
for
her
discovery
of
the
ability
of
genes
to
change
positions
on
chromosomes.
She
was
the
first
American
woman
to
win
an
unshared
Nobel
Prize.
这是一篇人物传记类阅读。文章主要讲述了著名女科学家Barbara
McClintock的经历以及她在基因和染色体研究方面取得的重大成就。
1．When
did
McClintock
receive
a
doctorate
degree?
A．In
1921. B．In
1923.
C．In
1925. D．In
1927.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。答案定位在第四段She
completed
a
master's
degree
in
1925.
Two
years
later,
she
finished
all
her
requirements
for
a
doctorate
degree.可知Barbara
McClintock在1925年获得了硕士学位。两年之后，她获得了博士学位。故可推知Barbara
McClintock在1927年取得了博士学位，故选D。
2．During
the
great
economic
Depression
in
the
US,
________.
A．young
scientists
had
trouble
finding
a
job
B．female
geneticists
were
not
wanted
at
all
C．male
geneticists
were
in
great
demand
D．male
scientists
were
out
of
job
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。答案定位在第五段
The
1930s
were
not
a
good
time
to
be
a
young
scientist
in
the
United
States.
The
country
was
in
the
middle
of
the
great
economic
Depression.
Millions
of
Americans
were
unemployed.
Male
scientists
were
offered
jobs.
But
female
geneticists
were
not
much
in
demand.由此可知，在二十世纪三十年代，经济萧条，很多美国人失业，年轻科学家很难找到工作，男科学家能找到工作，但是女性遗传学家的需求量不大。由此可推知，年轻的科学家在经济大萧条时期找工作可能是困难的，故选A。
3．McClintock
was
awarded
a
Nobel
Prize
because
of
________.
A．her
research
in
botany
B．her
contribution
to
genetic
engineering
C．her
discoveries
about
genes
and
chromosomes
D．her
unshared
work
in
the
laboratory
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段McClintock
won
the
Nobel
Prize
for
Physiology
or
Medicine
in
1983
for
her
discovery
of
the
ability
of
genes
to
change
positions
on
chromosomes.可知McClintock因发现基因在染色体上改变位置的能力，而于1983年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，故选C。
4．The
text
is
likely
to
appear
in
________.
A．a
biography
B．a
history
paper
C．a
newspaper
D．a
philosophy
textbook
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。本文主要讲述了著名女科学家Barbara
McClintock的经历以及她在基因和染色体研究方面取得的重大成就。由此可知文章可能来自一本人物传记，故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
When
things
go
wrong,
many
people
turn
to
their
friends
for
comfort
and
support.
Are
you
the
kind
of
person
your
friends
trust
to
be
there
for
them
when
they're
feeling
down?
__1__.
You
might
feel
awkward
or
nervous
about
comforting
a
sad
friend
at
first,
but
with
a
little
practice,
you
won't
have
to
worry
about
saying
the
wrong
thing
or
making
the
situation
worse.
When
one
of
your
friends
is
upset,
help
him/her
by
being
there
for
him/her,
finding
the
right
things
to
say,
and
avoiding
common
mistakes.
1．__2__.
Comfort
your
friend
according
to
how
upset
he/she
seems
to
be.
If
he/she
seems
to
be
very
troubled,
it
may
take
more
effort
on
your
part
to
help
him/her.
If
something
is
bothering
him/her,
but
he/she
isn't
too
upset,
be
there
for
him/her
without
overreacting.
2．Find
out
what's
wrong.
Before
you
say
anything
try
to
figure
out
what
the
problem
is.
__3__.
If
you
try
to
talk
to
your
friend
without
knowing
the
situation
first,
you
could
end
up
with
putting
your
foot
in
your
mouth.
3.
Give
your
friend
a
hug.
A
kind
touch
will
do
wonders
for
your
friend,
even
if
you
don't
know
what
he/she
is
upset
about.
__4__.
You
can
also
pat
him/her
gently
on
the
shoulder.
4．Let
your
friend
vent
(发泄).
If
your
friend
needs
to
get
his/her
sadness
or
anger
out,
let
him/her
do.
Pay
attention
and
don't
interrupt.
Encourage
him/her
to
express
himself/herself
fully.
5．Just
listen.
Your
friend
needs
someone
to
listen
compassionately
to
him/her
right
now,
so
focus
on
doing
that.
Be
patient
and
non?judgmental.
__5__.
Don't
act
bored
or
try
to
change
the
subject.
A．You
may
find
yourself
wrong
B．Understand
how
upset
your
friend
is
C．You
can
put
your
arm
around
your
friend
D．Encourage
him/her
to
keep
talking
as
long
as
he/she
needs
to
E．This
will
help
you
know
what
to
say
and
what
not
to
say
F．Use
your
imagination
and
get
close
to
the
truth
of
what
has
taken
place
G．If
you
aren't
sure,
don't
worry—comforting
people
is
a
skill
that
you
can
learn
这是一篇说明文。介绍了五点来安慰寻求支持的朋友的方法。
1．G 解析：根据下文You
might
feel
awkward
or
nervous
about
comforting
a
sad
friend
at
first,
but
with
a
little
practice,
you
won't
have
to
worry
about
saying
the
wrong
thing
or
making
the
situation
worse.
一开始，你可能会因为安慰一个悲伤的朋友而感到尴尬或紧张，但只要稍加练习，你就不用担心说错话或让情况变得更糟。可知安慰别人是一种你可以学习的技能。故选G。
2．B 解析：根据下文Comfort
your
friend
according
to
how
upset
he/she
seems
to
be.可知你需要了解你的朋友有多难过，再根据你的朋友看起来有多难过来安慰他/她。故选B。
3．E 解析：根据上文Before
you
say
anything
try
to
figure
out
what
the
problem
is.可知在你说话之前，试着找出问题所在。后文再解释这一做法的原因是：这将帮助你知道什么该说，什么不该说。故选E。
4．C 解析：根据下文You
can
also
pat
him/her
gently
on
the
shoulder.
你也可以轻轻地拍他/她的肩膀。可推测此处表示肢体接触，如你可以搂着你的朋友。故选C。
5．D 解析：根据下文Don't
act
bored
or
try
to
change
the
subject.
不要表现得很无聊或者试图转移话题。可知上文应为鼓励朋友一直说下去只要他需要，不要打断他。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A
Brief
Introduction
to
Gandhi
Mohandas
Gandhi
(1869—1948),
an
Indian
national
hero,
was
honored
__1__
the
father
of
the
Indian
nation.
He
has
been
respected
and
beloved
by
the
Indians.
He
was
born
in
India
in
1869.
Following
the
local
custom,
he
got
__2__
(marry)
at
the
age
of
13.
In
1888
he
sailed
to
England,
__3__
he
studied
law
for
three
years
and
became
a
lawyer.
On
his
return
to
India,
he
was
sent
to
South
Africa
to
work
on
a
law
case.
In
South
Africa
he
__4__
(surprise)
to
find
that
the
problem
of
racial
discrimination
(种族歧视)
was
serious.
There
he
formed
an
organization
and
started
a
magazine
to
fight
__5__
equal
rights.
Gandhi
returned
to
India
in
1915,
__6__
India
was
controlled
by
the
British.
He
led
the
Indians
to
fight
for
an
end
to
the
British
rule
and
__7__
(depend)for
his
country.
In
the
political
movement,
many
Indians
including
Gandhi
were
put
in
prison.
__8__，
the
struggles
never
stopped.
The
British
government
had
to
give
__9__
and
India
won
its
independence
in
1947.
__10__
(fortunate)Gandhi
was
shot
by
an
Indian
who
opposed
his
views
and
died
on
January
30th,
1948.
本文为人物传记。甘地(1869—1948)，印度民族英雄，被尊为印度民族之父。他一直受到印度人的尊敬和爱戴。
1．as
解析：考查介词。句意：甘地(1869—1948)，印度民族英雄，被尊称为印度民族之父。固定搭配：be
honored
as“被尊为”。故填as。
2．married
解析：考查动词。marry是及物动词，意为“和……结婚，娶某人，嫁给某人”，固定搭配：get/be
married“结婚”。故填married。
3．where
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词是England，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导。故填where。
4．was_surprised
解析：考查形容词。was后跟形容词surprised“(感到)惊讶的”作表语。此处意为“在南非，他惊奇地发现种族歧视问题是严重的”。故填was
surprised。
5．for
解析：考查介词。句意：他成立了一个组织，开办了一个杂志，为平等的权利而斗争。固定搭配：fight
for
sth.
“为……而战”。故填for。
6．when
解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句，先行词1915表示时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
7．independence
解析：考查名词。and是并列连词，它前后连接两个相同的语法成分，an
end和independence作fight
for的并列宾语。故填independence。
8．However
解析：考查副词。however表示转折，尤其用于谈及一个既成事实时，表示转折，其意为“可是，然而”，可放在句首、句中或句末，通常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。故填However。
9．in
解析：考查固定搭配。固定搭配：give
in“屈服，让步”。故填in。
10．Unfortunately
解析：考查副词。句意：不幸的是，甘地遭到一个反对他的观点的印度人的射杀，于1948年1月30日去世。此处修饰整个句子，要用副词形式。故填Unfortunately。Unit
2
Morals
and
Virtues
Ⅰ.完形填空
I
ride
the
bus
to
and
from
work
as
my
daily
routine.
I'm
a
people?watcher.
For
many
months
，I
__1__
an
elderly
man
get
on
at
one
of
the
stops,
and
always
head
to
the
back
of
the
bus.
He
wore
the
same
clothes
every
day,
and
they
were
__2__
but
clean.
I
never
spoke
with
this
gentleman,
but
I
could
tell
he
seemed
like
he
led
a
__3__
existence.
One
day，when
I
was
driving
to
work,
I
noticed
the
gentleman
on
a
street
corner,
with
a
__4__
“PLEASE
HELP”
in
his
hand
asking
for
financial
__5__.
I
got
home
that
day,
and
wrote
him
a
note,
saying
I
was
grateful
for
__6__
little
I
had
in
my
life,
and
that
I
wanted
to
__7__
some
of
it
with
him.
I
__8__
a
small
amount
of
money
,
and
the
next
day
I
gave
him
the
note
and
money
in
an
envelope
when
he
got
on
the
bus.
The
next
day
,
he
__9__
me
a
note
on
the
bus.
The
note
__10__：
Hi
Larissa.
Thank
you
very
much
for
your
__11__.
The
money
will
be
used
to
buy
next
month's
bus
pass.
Your
note
certainly
provided
a
very
pleasant,
__12__
start
to
the
week.
I
hope
you
continue
to
__13__
a
charmed
life—John.
A
feeling
of
warmth
and
trust
__14__
while
I
was
reading
the
note.
I
will
keep
his
note
forever!
We
now
smile
and
__15__
each
other
on
the
bus
every
morning.
What
a
charmed
life
I
have!
本文属于记叙文，讲述作者作为司机经常遇见一个老头，穿得很旧但是很干净。一次得知老人需要帮助，作者写了一封信并给了一些钱给老头，老头回信表示感谢，这么做让作者觉得生活很有意义。
1．A.let
B．had
C．helped
D．noticed
答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.let让；B.had使；C.helped帮助；D.noticed注意。根据后文always
head
to
the
back
of
the
bus可知，总是喜欢坐后排，故可知，作者注意到老人的行为，故选D。
2．A.well?worn
B．well?preserved
C．well?dressed
D．well?made
答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.well?worn用旧了的；B.well?preserved保存好的；C.well?dressed穿着好的；D.well?made制作好的。根据本句but
clean可知，穿得很旧，但是干净，故选A。
3．A.busy
B．meaningful
C．happy
D．simple
答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.busy忙碌的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.happy愉快的；D.simple简单的。根据前文He
wore
the
same
clothes
every
day，可知，每天穿的衣服一样，很旧但是干净，故可知，老人似乎生活过得很简单，故选D。existence意思为生活。
4．A.note
B．sign
C．brochure
D．poster
答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.note留言；B.sign标志牌；
C.brochure
宣传单；D.poster海报。根据语境可推知，老人站在街角，手里拿着一张标志牌，故选B。
5．A.advice
B．plan
C．assistance
D．investment
答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.advice建议；B.plan计划；C.assistance帮助；D.investment投资。根据句意可知，老人拿着标志牌，上面写着帮帮我，是在寻求经济帮助，故选C。
6．A.why
B．that
C．how
D．what
答案：D
解析：考查连词词义辨析。A.why为什么；B.that引导名词性从句，无意义；C.how多么；D.what多么。根据句意可知，本句为感叹句，little作had的宾语，故用what修饰，故选D。
7．A.share
B．save
C．divide
D．collect
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.share分享；B.save节约，拯救；C.divide划分；D.collect收集。根据句意可知，作者想要与老人分享一些自己的钱财，故选A。
8．A.raised
B．included
C．added
D．presented
答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.raised筹集；B.included包括；C.added
增加；D.presented赠送，陈述。根据句意可知，作者不仅写了一封留言给老人，还给了一些钱，故选B。
9．A.returned
B．handed
C．sent
D．awarded
答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.returned归还；B.handed递；C.sent
发送；D.awarded奖励。根据句意可知，作者给了一个信封给老人，老人第二天给了作者一张纸条，故选B。
10．A.announced
B．wrote
C．read
D．replied
答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.announced通知；B.wrote写；C.read读；D.replied回复。根据句意可知，留言上写着，故选C。
11．A.generosity
B．guidance
C．affection
D．apology
答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.generosity慷慨；B.guidance指导；C.affection喜爱；D.apology道歉。根据前文and
the
next
day
I
gave
him
the
note
and
money
in
an
envelope
when
he
got
on
the
bus.可知，作者给了老人一封信和一些钱，故感谢作者的慷慨，故选A。
12．A.quick
B．sudden
C．effortless
D．uplifting
答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.quick迅速的；B.sudden突然的；C.effortless不费力的；D.uplifting使人开心的。根据句意可知，作者的留言让老人很开心，故选D。
13．A.seek
B．enjoy
C．challenge
D．expect
答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.seek寻找；B.enjoy享受；C.challenge
挑战；D.expect期望。根据后文What
a
charmed
life
I
have！可知，老人祝愿作者继续享受幸福的生活，故选B。
14．A.broke
out
B．ran
off
C．crowded
in
D．cooled
down
答案：C
解析：考查动词词组词义辨析。A.broke
out爆发；B.ran
off跑掉；C.crowded
in冲入，涌入；D.cooled
down冷静下来。根据句意可知，作者读到留言的时候，内心满是温暖和信任，故选C。
15．A.greet
B．touch
C．contact
D．kiss
答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.greet打招呼；B.touch触摸；C.contact
联系；D.kiss亲吻。根据句意可知，作者现在与老人每天在公交车上微笑着互相问候，故选A。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Famous
scientist
as
he
is,
Yuan
Longping
considers
himself
a
farmer.
He
grows
__1__
is
called
super
hybrid
rice.
As
a
young
man,
Yuan
Longping
saw
the
great
need
for
increasing
the
rice
output.
At
that
time,
hunger
was
a
__2__
(disturb)
problem
in
China.
He
wanted
to
increase
rice
harvests
without
__3__
(expand)
the
area
of
the
fields.
In
1973,
a
special
strain
of
rice
made
__4__
possible
to
produce
20%
more
of
the
crop
in
the
same
fields.
Thanks
__5__
his
research,
the
UN
has
more
tools
in
the
battle
to
rid
the
world
of
__6__
(hungry).
Using
his
hybrid
rice,
farmers
are
producing
harvests
twice
as
large
as
before.
He
is
now
circulating
his
rice
knowledge
in
less
__7__
(develop)
countries
__8__
(increase)
their
rice
harvests
and
he
wants
to
export
his
rice
so
that
it
can
be
grown
__9__
(wide)
around
the
globe.
Though
he
__10__
(struggle)
for
the
past
five
decades,
Yuan
Longping
is
quite
satisfied
with
his
life.
In
his
spare
time,
he
enjoys
listening
to
violin
music,
playing
mah?jong,
singing
and
reading.
这是一篇记叙文。主要内容是著名科学家袁隆平(杂交水稻之父)为解决饥饿问题做出的巨大贡献。
1．what
解析：考查宾语从句的连词。句意：他种植的被称为超级杂交水稻。分析句子结构可知，空处填连词引导宾语从句，且在从句中作主语，再结合句意可知，故填what。
2．disturbing
解析：考查形容词。句意：当时，饥饿在中国是一个令人不安的问题。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词，修饰problem，disturbing意为“令人不安的”，故填disturbing。
3．expanding
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他想在不扩大土地面积的情况下增加水稻产量。根据空前的without可知，空处填动词?ing形式，故填expanding。
4．it
解析：考查代词。句意：1973年，一种特殊的水稻品种使同一块土地上的产量增加了20%成为可能。分析句子结构可知，此处用it作形式宾语，代替后面的不定式短语。make
it＋adj.＋to
do是固定用法，意为“使……成为……”，故填it。
5．to
解析：考查固定词组。句意：多亏他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的斗争中有了更多的手段。thanks
to意为“多亏”，故填to。
6．hunger
解析：考查名词。根据空前of可知，空处填名词，故填hunger。
7．developed
解析：考查形容词。句意：他现在正在较不发达国家传播他的水稻知识。根据空前less可知空处填形容词，再根据句意可知，developed
country意为“发达国家”，故填developed。
8．to_increase
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他正在欠发达国家传播他的水稻知识，以提高他们的水稻产量。分析句子结构和句意可知，空处填动词不定式在句中作目的状语，故填to
increase。
9．widely
解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词修饰be
grown，widely意为“广泛地”，故填widely。
10．has_struggled/has_been_struggling
解析：考查时态。根据时间状语for
the
past
five
decades可知此处可填现在完成时或现在完成进行时，且谓语是单数第三人称，故填has
struggled/has
been
struggling。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
请用英语写一篇短文介绍伟大的科学家霍金(Stephen
Hawking)。要求包括以下三部分内容：
喜欢他的理由
被他的奉献精神所感动
对他的简单介绍
他处于很大的麻烦之中，只有求助于电脑他才能讲话、阅读和写作
对他的个人观点
任何东西都无法回报他对科学的贡献
注意：1.请根据以上要点写一篇80词左右的短文；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
The_first_time_I_heard_of_Stephen_Hawking,_I_was_moved_by_his_devotion_to_the_research._As_for_his_daily_life,_he_is_in_great_trouble._For_example,_only_when_he_turns_to_the_computer_is_it_possible_for_him_to_speak,_read_and_write._However,_he_still_worked_hard_on_his_research._His_contributions_to_the_world_have_no_equal._And,_in_my_opinion,_nothing_could_be_in_reward_for_his_contributions_to_science.
Unfortunately,_the_great_scientist_died_on_March_14,_2018._He_will_be_remembered_by_the_people_all_over_the_world.Unit
2
Morals
and
Virtues
阅读理解
A
Nelson
Mandela
is
respected
and
admired
around
the
world.
And
to
South
Africans
he
is
a
superstar.
He
is
a
hero
who
shocked
the
world
by
fighting
for
peace
between
races,
despite
the
27
years
he
spent
in
the
prison
of
the
South
Africa's
white,
racist
regime
(种族主义政权)．
Mandela
who
won
the
nation's
first
all?race
elections
after
the
fall
of
apartheid
(种族隔离)
in
1994,
retired
in
1999.
But
he
remains
as
popular
as
ever.
His
popularity
has
inspired
an
entire
national
industry.
His
portrait
(肖像)
has
appeared
at
many
places,
including
on
some
goods.
His
face
has
appeared
on
a
South
African
coin,
and
some
business
leaders
hope
to
build
a
statue
in
his
likeness—the
Statue
of
Freedom.
It
would
stand
taller
than
New
York's
Statue
of
Liberty.
“His
popularity
is
similar
to
that
of
John
F.
Kennedy
with
US
or
Winston
Churchill
in
Britain,
but
few
politicians
in
his
times
have
achieved
his
level
of
admiration，”
said
Tom
Lodge,
head
of
the
political
science
department
of
the
University
of
the
Witwatersrand,
“What
a
skilled
performer
Mandela
has
been
throughout
his
political
career!
He's
a
very,
very
clever
man.”
However,
he
is
far
from
perfect.
Most
articles
for
his
birthday,
which
appeared
in
every
major
South
African
newspaper
on
the
day,
briefly
mentioned
that
Mandela
did
have
his
shortcomings.
Then
they
returned
to
their
flowing
praises.
“Through
the
ages,
the
human
race
has
had
its
icons
(偶像)—men
and
women
who
rose
above
ordinary
people
to
inspire
their
generations，”
The
Mail
and
Guardian
Weekly
said.
“In_our_generation,_the_gods_presented_us_Nelson_Mandela.”
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了纳尔逊·曼德拉的生平事迹，曼德拉是一个为种族间的和平而战的震惊世界的英雄，在全世界都受到尊敬和钦佩。在世界上留下了巨大的影响力。
1．Mandela
is
a
hero
to
South
Africans
because
________.
A．he's
as
popular
as
Kennedy
and
Churchill
B．he
spent
27
years
in
prison
C．he's
a
great
fighter
against
the
racialism
D．he's
the
first
all?race
elections
president
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段He
is
a
hero
who
shocked
the
world
by
fighting
for
peace
between
races可知，曼德拉被南非人民热爱是因为他一生都在为种族间的和平而奋斗，故选C。
2．What
can
we
learn
about
Mandela?
A．He
is
not
so
popular
as
before.
B．His
portrait
has
appeared
on
some
goods.
C．He
is
the
greatest
politician
in
history.
D．He
did
not
realize
his
own
shortcomings.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段His
portrait(肖像)
has
appeared
at
many
places,
including
on
some
goods.
可知，他的肖像已经出现在许多地方，包括一些商品上，故选B。
3．The
underlined
sentence
in
the
last
paragraph
means
________.
A．Mandela
was
as
great
as
a
god
B．we
are
proud
to
live
in
Mandela's
times
C．Mandela
often
gave
presents
to
others
D．we
are
proud
to
know
Mandela
答案：B
解析：句意猜测题。文章最后一段的画线部分为In
our
generation,
the
gods
presented
us
Nelson
Mandela.
(在我们这一代，上帝将Nelson
Mandela赠给了我们)，因为Nelson
Mandela是人类的英雄与偶像，所以这句话的意思是“我们很自豪能生活在曼德拉时代”，故本题答案为B。
4．What
can
be
the
best
title
of
the
article?
A．The
Statue
of
Freedom
in
South
Africa
B．South
Africa's
white,
racist
regime
C．Mandela,
the
hero
to
South
Africans
D．Mandela,
Kennedy
and
Churchill
答案：C
解析：标题判断题。根据全文内容总结，尤其是第一段Nelson
Mandela
is
respected
and
admired
around
the
world.
And
to
South
Africans
he
is
a
superstar.
He
is
a
hero
who
shocked
the
world
by
fighting
for
peace
between
races和最后一段可知，纳尔逊·曼德拉在全世界都受到尊敬和钦佩，对南非人来说，他是一个英雄。故C项是最佳标题。
B
One
of
the
greatest
sources
of
unhappiness,
in
my
experience,
is
the
difficulty
we
have
in
accepting
things
as
they
are.
When
we
see
something
we
don't
like,
we
wish
it
could
be
different.
We
cry
out
for
something
better.
That
may
be
human
nature,
or
perhaps
it's
something
ingrained
(根深蒂固的)
in
our
culture.
The
root
of
the
unhappiness
isn't
necessarily
that
we
want
things
to
be
different.
However,
it's
that
we
decided
we
didn't
like
it
in
the
first
place.
We've
judged
it
as
bad,
rather
than
saying,
“It's
not
bad
or
good,
and
it
just
is
it.”
In
one
of
my
books,
I
said
“You
should
expect
people
to
mess
up
and
expect
things
to
go
differently
than
you
planned”.
Some
readers
said
it's
too
sorrowful
to
expect
things
to
go
wrong.
However,
it's
only
negative
if
you
see
it
as
negative
and
judge
it
as
bad.
Instead,
you
could
accept
it
as
the
way
the
world
works
and
try
to
understand
why
that
is.
This
can
be
applied
to
whatever
you
do:
how
other
people
act
at
work,
how
politics
works
and
how
depressing
the
news
media
can
be.
Accept
these
things
as
they
are,
and
try
to
understand
why
they're
that
way.
It
will
save
you
a
lot
of
sadness,
because
you'll
no
longer
say,
“Oh.
I
wish
bad
things
didn't
happen！”
Does
it
mean
you
can
never
change
things?
Not
at
all.
But
change
things
not
because
you
can't
accept
things
as
they
are,
but
because
you
enjoy
the
process
of
changing,
learning
and
growing.
Can
we
make
this
world
a
better
place?
You
can
say
that
you'll
continue
to
try
to
do
things
to
help
others,
to
grow
as
a
person,
to
make
a
difference
in
this
world.
That's
the
correct
path
you
choose
to
take,
because
you
enjoy
that
path.
Therefore,
when
you
find
yourself
judging
and
wishing
for
difference,
try
a
different
approach：accept,
and
understand.
It
might
lead
to
some
interesting
results.
本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是“接受能让我们的生活更快乐、更美好”。
5．The
author
believes
that
we
feel
unhappy
maybe
because
________.
A．it
is
our
natural
emotion
in
the
life
B．culture
asks
us
to
be
different
from
others
C．everyone
has
their
own
opinions
on
things
D．we
dislike
something
in
the
beginning
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段One
of
the
greatest
sources
of
unhappiness,
in
my
experience,
is
the
difficulty
we
have
in
accepting
things
as
they
are.可知，作者认为，我们感到不快乐可能是因为我们一开始就不喜欢某样东西。故选D。
6．What
does
the
underlined
word
“It”
In
Paragraph
4
refers
to?
A．Acting
well
at
work
and
in
politics.
B．Feeling
depressed
for
the
news
media.
C．Accepting
and
understanding
what
has
happened.
D．Saying
something
negative
when
bad
things
come.
答案：C
解析：代词指代题。根据第四段Accept
these
things
as
they
are,
and
try
to
understand
why
they're
that
way.
It
will
save
you
a
lot
of
sadness,
because
you'll
no
longer
say,
“Oh.
I
wish
bad
things
didn't
happen！”
接受这些事情的本来面目，试着去理解它们为什么会这样。它会帮你省去很多悲伤，因为你不会再说“哦”。我希望坏事不要发生！由此推知It指的是“接受并理解发生了什么。”故选C。
7．What
are
you
advised
according
to
the
last
paragraph?
A．Help
others
and
make
a
difference.
B．Enjoy
what
you
have
to
do
in
the
work.
C．Judge
yourself
and
make
a
wish
for
you.
D．Try
a
new
way
when
making
the
world
better.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中when
you
find
yourself
judging
and
wishing
for
difference,
try
a
different
approach:
accept,
and
understand.
It
might
lead
to
some
interesting
results.可知，最后一段建议我们尝试一种新的方式，让世界变得更美好。故选D。
8．What
is
the
main
theme
of
the
passage?
A．Accepting
can
make
our
life
happier
and
better.
B．Expecting
things
to
be
different
gives
us
hope.
C．Traditional
culture
becomes
root
of
unhappiness.
D．Judging
good
or
bad
is
important
for
our
world.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段One
of
the
greatest
sources
of
unhappiness,
in
my
experience,
is
the
difficulty
we
have
in
accepting
things
as
they
are.和最后一段中try
a
different
approach:
accept,
and
understand.可知，本文讲述的是“接受能让我们的生活更快乐、更美好。”故选A。
