【精品课件(2)】Unit 2 Working the land Period 3

(共44张PPT)
1. 动词-ing形式的构成：是在动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式。如：
do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc.
否定形式：not+ -ing 构成
2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。
-ing 形式
-ing 形式主要考查其在句子中作定语
和状语的用法
European football is played in 80
countries, ___ it the most popular
sport in the world.
making B. makes
C. made D. to make
解析
Making it the popular sport in the world为现在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语常放在句子的后面。如：
His parents died, leaving him an orphan.
动名词：在句子中起名次作用，可作主，宾，表，定的成分。
动名词的形式
主动形式
被动形式
一般式
doing
being done
完成式
having done
having been done
1 The v–ing form used as subject:
It is necessary to get water from wet
to dry place.
Getting water from wet to dry places
is necessary.
It cost nothing to wish for thing.
Wishing for things cost nothing.
2 .The v–ing form used as object
He likes helping others.
只接v-ing作宾语的动词有：
admit, allow, avoid, appreciate,
Object
v. +object
prep. + object
1) v+object
consider, delay, escape, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practice, suggest
He suggested practising speaking English in and out of class.
只接v-ing作宾语的词组有
give up, put off, insist on, look forward to, pay attention to, lead to, devote... to, make a contribution to, feel like, stick to
He has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice.
2) prep.+ object.
His problem is getting to know more
friends.
My job is teaching.
a drinking cup
a dancing hall
a washing machine
a cooking pan
3 The v–ing form used as predict:
4 The v–ing form used as attribute:
1. 动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替：
It’s no use doing …
It’s no good doing…
It’s a waste of time doing …
例如：
It’s no use going there today; he won’t
be at home.
It’s a waste of time arguing about it.
而在It’s important/necessary/advisable/ essential/fitting … 这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：
It’s important to learn foreign languages.
2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“ allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：
We don't allow smoking here．
We don't allow anybody to smoke here．
3. 动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：
The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned．
4. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start 后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。
5. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意:
forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。
go on doing 继续做原来做的事
go on to do 接着做另一件事
mean doing 意味着要做某事
mean to do 想要做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
stop to do 停下来（别的事）开始
做某事
try doing 试着做某事
try to do 努力做某事
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
be used to do 被用来做某事
can't help doing 禁不住做某事
can't help to do 不能帮助做某事
— Let's have a rest．
— Not now. I don’t want to stop __________ yet．
A. study B. to study
C. for studying D. studying
解析：stop studying意为“停止学习”。
— Let me tell you something about the journalists．
— Don’t you remember ________ me the story yesterday？
A. told B. telling
C. to tell D. to have told
解析: remember telling me意为
“记得曾经告诉过我”。
怎么判断是动名词还是现在分词呢？？
方法一：
My job is teaching.
Teaching is my job.
The boy is sleeping.
Sleeping is the boy.
A girl is dancing.
Dancing is the girl.
找出右边成立的句子。
动名词
现在分词
现在分词
在做表语的时候：
作表语
（1）动名词
My job is teaching.
= Teaching is my job.
Her full-time job is laying eggs.
=Laying eggs is her full-time job.
作表语
（2）现在分词
The play is exciting.
≠ Exciting is the play.
The story he told us was very interesting.
≠Interesting was the story he told us.
方法二：
在做定语的时候：
A drinking cup
A cup for drinking
The sleeping boy
A boy for sleeping
A cooking pan
A pan for cooking
找出右边成立的句子。
动名词
动名词
现在分词
现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。
动名词作定语表示性质或用途。
总结：
现在分词做宾补的时候，表示正在进行
的动作。
e.g. I saw the boy crying sadly.
V + sb.+ doing sth.
像这样的单词还有：
make、let、have、look at、 listen to see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, find, leave等。
能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住：
make, let, have, look at, see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, feel.
对了，用“三让、三看、两听、
注意感觉”。多简单！
1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _______ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired
Exercise
2. Have you forgotten ___$1000 from me last month Will you please remember ____ it tomorrow A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring
C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing
3. My brother keeps ___ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped
4. We should often practise ___ English with each other.
A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking
5. The story was so funny that we ___. A. couldn’t help laugh B. can’t but laugh C. couldn’t help laughing D. couldn’t help but to laugh
6. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth ______. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it
7. He devoted his life to _____ the atomic theory. A. study B. be studied C. studying D. have studied
8. We are both looking forward to __ next week. A. going on vocation (休假) B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation
9. The microscope is used for__ minute (微小的) objects. A. examining B. being examined C. examined D. examine
10. Mike has got used ___ up late at night. (stay up) A. to sit B. X C. to sitting D. sitting
11. Once the heart stops _____, death follows at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating
12. We are now busy _____ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being prepared
13. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免) ____ others. A. being infected(感染) B. infecting C. to infect D. infected
14.Your clothes need ______. A. washed B. to be washed C. to wash D. being washed
15. _____ provides us with essential nutrients (营养), while ______ provides us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Eating; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed
1. All the staff on our company are considering _____to the city centre for the fashion show. (2007年上海春)
A．to go
B．going
C．to have gone
D．having gone
2. Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon. （2007年 四川卷）
A．said
B．says
C．saying
D．to say
3. —Robert is indeed a wise man.
—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice!
(2007年 安徽卷)
A. to take
B. taking
C. not to take
D. not taking