Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!知识点归纳与练习（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
13
We're
trying
to
save
the
earth!
重点语法
1.现在进行时；
构成：
am/
is／are＋动词-ing形式
用法:表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也表示现阶段或当前一段时间内正在进行的动作。
常见的标志词或时间状语有：now，look，
listen，
these
days等，有时也需要根据上下文判断。
They
are
playing
basketball
now.
现在他们正在打篮球。
Listen!
She
is
singing
an
English
song.
听！她正在唱一首英文歌。
We
are
making
model
planes
these
days.
这些天我们在做飞机模型。
Look!
The
children
are
flying
kites
in
the
park.
看！孩子们正在公园里放风筝。
Would
you
mind
not
making
noises?
Alice
is
sleeping．你别弄出响声好吗？艾丽斯在睡觉。
句式结构：
肯定句
主语＋am／is／are＋动词ing形式＋其他，
She
is
singing
in
the
room
她正在房间里唱歌。
否定句
主语＋am／is／are＋not+动词ing形式＋其他，
She
isn’t
singing
in
the
room她没在房间里唱歌。
一般疑问句
Am／Is／Are＋主语＋动词ing形式十其他？
Is
she
singing
in
the
room她正在房间里唱歌吗？
肯定回答：Yes，主语＋am/is/are.
Yes，
she
is是的，她在唱
否定回答：No，主语＋
am
not／
isn
‘t／aren＇t.
No，
she
isn’t
不，她没有。
特殊疑问句
疑问词＋am/is/are＋主语＋动词ing形式＋其他？
What
is
she
doing
in
the
room?她正在房间里做什么？
拓展：
动词现在分词（ing形式）的构成
一般情况
在词尾加ing
play
----
playing
visit----
visiting
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词
去掉e，再加ing
make－making
come-coming
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词
双写该辅音字母，再加ing
get－getting
swim－swimming
以ie结尾的动词
将ie变为y，再加ing
tie-tying
lie－lying
die---dying
助记:一般情况这样变，词尾直加－ing；词尾若是哑音e，去e再加－ing；一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写，
词尾如果是ie，变y再加（ing）也不迟。
口诀:一般直接加ing，见e去e加ing，遇上辅元辅，双写尾字母，再加ing.遇上ie改成y，再加ing.
注意：（1）一些表示位置移动的动词，如go，come，
leave等常用现在进行时表示将来。
She's
leaving
for
London
tomorrow.
明天她将前往伦敦
下列动词通常不用于现在进行时:
1）表示记忆、理解或决定的动词，如remember,
forget,
understand,
believe,
decide等
2）表示感觉、情感、心理活动的动词，如hear,
see,
smell,
taste,
notice,
seem,
like,
hate,
love,
want,
wish,
hope等。
3）表示所有或占有的动词，如have，own，belong等
2.
used
to的用法；
1）“used
to＋动词原形”表示过去存在某种状态或者过去经常性、习惯性的动作，暗含着这种状态或动作目前已不存在的意思。
2）“used
to
be+形容词/名词（短语）”
表示过去存在某种状态。
used
to的句式结构：
肯定句
主语＋
used
to＋动词原形＋其他
He
used
to
play
basketball
after
school他过去常常放学后打篮球。
否定句
主语＋didn’t
use
to＋动词原形＋其他
或
主语＋
usedn’
t
to＋动词原形＋其他
She
didn’t
use
to
have
long
hair＝
She
usedn’
t
to
have
long
hair．她以前没留长发。
一般疑问句
Did+主语＋
use
to＋动词原形＋其他？
或
Used＋主语＋to＋动词原形十＋其他？
Did
you
use
to
play
the
piano?=Used
you
to
play
the
piano？你过去经常弹钢琴吗？
拓展:
1)be／get
used
to
doing
sth．意为“习惯于做某事”
My
grandfather
is
used
to
going
for
a
walk
after
dinner.我爷爷习惯于吃饭后去散步。
be
used
to
do
sth．意为“被用来做某事”。
Wood
can
be
used
to
make
paper．木头能用来造纸。
现在完成时
定义：
(1)表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果
---It’
s
so
dark.这么黑。
---Someone
has
turned
off
the
light.有人已经把灯关了
(有人刚把灯关了，对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)
(2)表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与”since+过去的时间点”,“for+一段时间”，
so
far等时间状语连用
I
have
lived
here
for
three
years
我已经住在这儿3年了。(从3年前开始，持续到现在还住这儿)
I
have
lived
here
since
2011.
自从2011年我就住在这儿，(从2011年开始，持续到现在还住这儿)
谓语结构:
“have／has＋动词的过去分词”
句式结构:
（1）肯定句：主语＋
have／has＋动词的过去分词＋其他
（2）否定句：主语＋
haven’t／hasn’t＋动词的过去分词＋其他．
（3）一般疑问句：
Have／Has＋主语＋动词的过去分词＋其他？
简略答语：Yes，主语＋
have／has．（肯定）
No，主语＋
haven’t／hasn＇t．（否定）
过去分词的变化规则:
规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与其过去式的构成规则相同。
（1）一般情况下，在词尾直接加－ed。
work-worked-worked,
visit-visited-visited
（2）以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，只在词尾加－d。
live-lived-lived
（3）以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，将y变为i,再加－ed。study-studied-studied,
cry-cried-cried
（4）以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写该辅音字母，再加－ed。
stop-stopped--stopped,
drop-dropped-dropped
口诀：一般直接加ed，见e只加d，遇上辅元辅，双写尾字母，再加ed，辅音y结尾，改y为i再加ed。
注意：
不规则动词的过去式、过去分词须特殊记忆。
go—went—gone
see—saw—seen
常见的标志词语／时间状语:
表示过去已经发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
already，never，ever，just，
before，yet，so
far等
I
have
just
finished
my
homework我刚完成我的家庭作业。
表示从过去某时开始持续到现在（包括现在在内）的动作或状态
for＋时间段,
since＋时间点，since引导的从句（过去时），since+一段时间＋ago，
how
long等
I
have
lived
here
for
10
years．我已经在这儿住了10年了He
has
worked
in
China
since
2010自从2010年，他就在中国工作。
表示到现在为止某一动作发生的次数
once，
twice，
three
/
four
times等
I
have
seen
the
film
twice.
这部电影我已经看了两遍了。
注意:
“have／has
been
to＋地点名词”表示“曾经去过某地”，强调现在已经回来，不在那里了；
“have／has
gone
to＋地点名词”表示“去了某地”，强调现在还没有回来，可能在去的途中，也可能在目的地。
She
has
been
to
Shanghai.她去过上海。（现在不在上海）
She
has
gone
to
Shanghai她去上海了。（现在已在上海或在去的途中）
4.被动语态；
动词的语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。语态分为主动语态与被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语为谓语动词动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语为谓语动词动作的承受者。
基本构成：
“be＋及物动词的过去分词”，
时态通过be的变化来体现。
几种常用时态的被动语态的结构：
一般现在时
am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
The
book
is
liked
by
teenagers.青少年喜欢这本书。
一般过去时
was／were＋及物动词的过去分词
The
boy
was
saved这个男孩被救了。
一般将来时
will／shall
be＋及物动词的过去分词
He
will
be
sent
to
his
hometown
by
his
parents
next
year．
明年他的父母将送他回家乡。
现在进行时
am/is/are+being+
及物动词的过去分词
The
road
is
being
repaired.这条道路正在修缮中。
现在完成时
have/has
been＋及物动词的过去分词
The
task
has
been
finished
by
the
workers.
任务已被工人们完成了。
注意：含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
Teenagers
should
be
allowed
to
make
their
own
decisions.
应该允许青少年自己做决定。
用法：
（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁（这时不带由by引起的短语）。
These
books
are
written
for
children.这些书是为儿童写的。
We
haven’t
been
told
about
it没有人通知我们这件事。
（2）需要强调或突出动作的承受者（这时可带由by引起的短语）。
The
book
was
written
by
Lu
Xun这本书是鲁迅写的。
Man-made
satellites
have
been
sent
up
into
space
by
many
countries许多国家已向太空发射了人造卫星。
（3）出于礼貌等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者。
He
was
asked
to
give
a
talk
about
how
to
learn
English
well．他被要求做关于怎样学好英语的报告。
助记：谁的动作不知道，说出谁做没必要，承受之人需强调，被动语态英忘了。
主动语态变为被动语态的方法：
（1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语
（2）将主动语态的谓语变为＂be＋及物动词的过去分词”形式
（3）将主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语（有时可省略），放在谓语之后。
注意事项：
（1）“主语+连系动词＋表语”的句子没有被动语态
（2）
there
be结构没有被动语态。
（3）主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态
（4）句子是主谓结构时，没有被动语态。也就是说，不及物动词没有被动语态。
（5）有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词短语，如果变被动，注意不能把动词后的介词丢掉
他照看他妺妹。He
looks
after
his
sister.
His
sister
is
looked
after
by
him
主动语态中，make，let，hear，see，
watch，notice等词后跟不带to的动词不定式，但在被动语态中，to须还原.
我们看到一个陌生人进入了大厅。
We
saw
a
stranger
enter
the
hall.
A
stranger
was
seen
to
enter
the
hall
5.情态动词
表示说话人对动作或状态的态度或看法。
它不能单独作谓语，必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
常用的情态动词有can，
could，may，
might，
have
to，must，
should，
would，need等。
用法:
can/could
表示能力，此时
could为can的过去式
能;会
Tom
can
speak
Russian．汤姆会说俄语。I
couldn’t
swim
at
the
age
of
seven.
7岁时我不会游泳
表示请求，许可．此时
could不是can的过去式，只是示更委婉、客气的语气
可以
Can/Could
I
play
basketball
for
a
while我可以打一会儿篮球吗You
can
take
this
seat．你可以坐这个位子。
can表示推测，常用于否定句或疑问句中
可能
Jim
can’t
be
at
home．吉姆不可能在家里。How
can
that
be
true？那怎么可能是真的呢？
may/might
用于肯定句中，表示允许
可以
You
may
go
home.你可以回家了He
said
I
might
use
his
bike．他说我可以用他的自行车。
用于疑问句中，表示请求，用might语气更委婉
可以
May
I
go
now？我现在可以走了吗？
表示推测，
可能,
也许
She
may/might
come
tomorrow.她可能明天来。
have
to/must
表示义务或责任。
have
to强调客观需要；而must强调主观看法
必须
Because
he
had
no
money,
he
had
to
walk
home．因为没有钱，他不得不步行回家。You
must
do
it
at
once你必须马上做。
must
表示推测，只用在肯定句中；
一定，必须，肯定
You
must
be
tired
after
the
long
journey长途旅行之后，你一定累了。
should
表示劝告、建议、命令等
应该
You
should
drink
lots
of
water你应该喝大量的水。
would
表示请求、意愿；倾向等
愿意，将要
She
would
have
a
try.
她愿意试一试。
need
表示需要、需求，多用于否定句或疑问句中
（不）需要，（没）必要
you
needn’
t
finish
the
work
now你没必要现在完成工作
练习题：
1.
---Paul，I’m
busy
cooking．Can
you
give
me
a
hand?
---Just
a
minute.
I_____my
e-mail
A.
am
checking
B.will
check
C.
have
checked
Please
don’t
make
so
much
noise．The
baby_______now.
A
.sleeps
B.will
sleep
C.
is
sleeping
3.
I
used
to______newspapers
and
watch
TV
after
dinner.
But
now
I’m
used
to______a
walk
A.
read:
take
B.
read;
taking
C.
reading;
taking
4.
I______the
History
Museum
twice.
I’ve
learned
a
lot
there.
A.
visit
B.
am
visiting
C.
have
visited
5.
---Over100
countries
and
organizations
_______warm
support
to
the
Belt
and
Road
initiative（倡议）since2013．
---Wonderful!
Our
circle
of
friends
is
growing
bigger!
A
.give
B.
have
given
C.
gave
6.
Hangzhou______as
the
City
of
Silk.
Tourists
like
shopping
for
silk
there.
A.
knows
B.
is
known
C.
was
known
7.A
new
road______
near
my
school
next
year.
A
builds
B.
will
build
C.
will
be
built
Look
at
the
“No
Photos”
sign.
You______take
photos
in
the
art
museum.
A
.should
B.
needn't
C.
mustn’t
There's
only
one
day
to
go.
You______finish
your
schoolwork
by
tomorrow.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
10.
-Hey,
Tom.
Let's
go
swimming.
-Just
a
moment.
I______
a
message.
A
send
B.
sent
C
am
sending
11.
-What
a
nice
watch!
How
long_______you______it?
-For
just
two
weeks
A.
will,buy
B.
have,had
C.
did;
buy
12.
-How
is
your
grandma?
--She's
fine.
She
used
to______TV
at
home
after
supper.
But
now
she
is
used
to_______out
for
a
walk.
A
.watch;
go
B.
watching;
go
C.
watch;
going
Teenagers______allowed
to
drive.
A
.should
not
be
B.
should
be
not
C.
not
should
be
14.
-A
new
park______in
our
hometown
next
year.
-
Really?
Our
hometown
must
be
more
beautiful
A.will
build
B.
will
be
built
C.
is
built
五、要点解析、拓展1.
Yes,
I
used
to
be
able
to
see
stars
in
the
sky.是的，过去我能够看到天空中的星星。（教材98）
be
able
to意为“能够”，后接动词原形。
He
will
be
able
to
help
you．他能帮你的忙。
Luckily,
he
was
able
to
escape
from
the
big
fire
in
the
end．幸运的是，他最终能够逃出大火。
辨析：
be
able
to与can
be
able
to
有人称和数的变化，可用于多种时态，
表示有能力，往往是经过努力而获得的能力
can
没有人称和数的变化，常用于一般现在时和一般过去时中，can的过去式为
could；表示身体或精神上自身所具备的能力。can还可表示请求、允许或推测
He
could
swim
at
the
age
of
seven.
=He
was
able
to
swim
at
the
age
of
seven．他7岁时会游泳。
2.
Well,
to
cut
down
air
pollution,
we
should
take
the
bus
or
subway
instead
of
driving为了减少空气污染，我们应该乘公共汽车或地铁，而不是开车。（教材98）
（1）
to
cut
down在句中作目的状语。动词不定式(短语)在句中作目的状语时，既可放在句首，也可放在句末，意为“为了……”
I
stayed
there
to
see
what
would
happen.我待在那儿，看看会发生什么。
To
pass
the
English
exam,
I
have
to
study
English
all
day
and
all
night
为了通过英语考试，我不得不整日整夜学习英语。
（2）
cut
down是固定短语，意为“减少；把……砍倒，缩减”，cut的过去式和过去分词均为cut，
They
cut
down
the
big
tree．他们把这棵大树砍倒了。
You'd
better
cut
the
article
down
to
about
2,000
words你最好把这篇文章缩减到两千字左右。
拓展：cut常见短语
cut
up
切碎
cut
out
突然熄火，停止运转
另外①
cut
sb.sth＝
cut
sth
for
sb.“为某人切某物”
He
cut
me
a
piece
of
bread.＝
He
cut
a
piece
of
bread
for
me.他为我切了一块面包。
②
cut
sth
into
sth.“把某物切成某物”。
First
cut
the
meat
into
small
pieces.先把肉切成小块。
③
cut
in“插话;超车”。
Don’t
cut
in
when
others
are
talking.别人说话时别插话。
④
cut
off“切断;隔断;断绝”。
The
flood
cut
the
villagers
off
from
the
rest
of
the
world.洪水切断了村民们与外界的联系。
（3）辨析：
instead
of与
instead
二者均含有“代替”的意思，其区别如下
instead
of
短语介词
其后可跟名词、代词或动词ing形式，否定of后的内容
She
went
to
school
instead
of
staying
at
home.
她没有待在家里而是去上学了
instead
副词
常位于句末，位于句首时，其后有逗号，肯定instead所在句的内容
He
didn’t
reply
.Instead，
he
left
the
room，他没回答，反而离开了房间。
3.
It
‘s
good
for
health
and
it
doesn’t
cost
anything!它对健康有益，而且不用花钱！（教材98页）
（1）辨析：
be
good
for，
be
good
at与
be
good
with
be
good
for
意为“对…有益”，反义词为be
bad
for，意为”对……有害”,
Doing
morning
exercises
is
good
for
you做早操对你有益。
be
good
at
意为“擅长”，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式,
通常可以与do
well
in
互换，但是do
well
in还可以表示某一次在某方面做得好
I’m
good
at（
playing）basketball我擅长（打）篮球。
He
did
well
in
yesterday's
singing
competition他在昨天的唱歌比赛中表现很好。
be
good
with
意为“善于应付……”,
Are
you
good
with
children？你善于应付孩子吗？
（2）
health不可数名词，意为“健康”其形容词形式为
healthy，意为“健康的”;副词形式为
healthily，意为“健康地”。
keep
in
good
health＝keep/stay/
be
healthy，意为“保持健康”
We
should
eat
more
vegetables
to
keep
in
good
health.我们应该多吃蔬菜来保持健康。
Fresh
air
and
exercise
are
good
for
the
health.鲜空气和运动有益于健康。
The
old
man
is
very
healthy.那位老人非常健康。
（3）cost此处作及物动词，意为“花费”，其固定句式为＂
Sth.
costs
sb．
some
money＂，意为“某物花费某人多少金钱”，
The
book
cost
me
ten
yuan.
这本书花了我10元钱。
辨析：spend，cost，take与pay
四者均可用作动词，都有“花费”之意。
spend
(
spent,
spent)
Sb.
spend（s）
time／money
on
sth.
某人在某事（物）上花费时间／金钱
Sb.
spend（s）
time／money
(in)
doing
sth.
某人花费时间／金钱做某事
cost（cost，cost）
Sth．cost（s）(sb.)
some
money.
某物花费（某人）多少钱
take（took，taken)
It
takes
sb.
some
time
to
do
sth.
做某事花费某人多少时间
pay
(
paid,
paid)
Sb．pay（s）
some
money
for
sth
某人为某物花费多少钱
I
spent
one
hundred
yuan
buying
the
present.=I
spent
one
hundred
yuan
on
the
present.=The
present
cost
me
one
hundred
yuan.=I
paid
one
hundred
yuan
for
the
present
这件礼物花了我100元钱。
It
took
me
30
minutes
to
get
to
school
到达学校花了我半个小时。
助记:
cost和pay花金钱，take后面跟时间,既花时间又花钱，须用
spend记心间。
4.
So
together,
our
actions
can
make
a
difference
and
lead
to
a
better
future！因此，齐心协力，我们的行动就能起作用，就会创造更加美好的未来！（教材98）
（1）
make
a
difference为固定短语，意为“起作用，有影响”。其后可接介词to，构成短语
make
a
difference
to，意为“对……产生影响”。
difference前可用big，
great等修饰，表示影响的程度。
We
want
to
make
a
difference
to
the
world我们想对世界有所作为
The
accident
has
made
a
great
difference
to
her这次事故对她产生了重大影响。
（2）
lead
to为固定短语，意为“（道路等）通往……,引起（结果等）”。
All
roads
lead
to
Rome．条条大路通罗马。
The
heavy
rain
led
to
a
flood．大雨导致了洪水。
【拓展】
①
lead
sb.to
do
sth.意为“致使/诱惑某人做某事”。
What
led
you
to
think
so?什么使你这么想呢?
②
lead
sb.
to
some
place意为“带领某人去某地”。
The
road
leads
you
to
the
station.这条路指引你通往车站。
辨析:lead，
guide与
direct
lead
表示走在前面带路
He
led
the
blind
man
across
the
street.他带领盲人过马路。(他走在盲人前面。)
guide
表示边领路边讲解
He
guided
the
tourists
round
the
city.他引导游者参观了这座城市。(他边走边介绍。)
direct
表示向某人解释如何去某一地方
Could
you
direct
me
to
the
station，
please?请问到车站怎么走?(只是指点别人怎么做。)
5.
Many
believe
that
sharks
can
never
be
endangered
because
they
are
the
strongest
in
their
food
chain．很多人以为鲨鱼永远都不会濒临灭，因为它们在它们的食物链中是最强者。（教材99）
（1）句中can表推测。can表推测时，常用于否定句或疑问句中,can’t
be意为“不可能是”。
That
can't
be
Mary-she
‘s
in
New
York.那不可能是玛丽一她在纽约。
It
can’t
be
true．那不可能是真的。
拓展:
must表示有根据的推测或判断，常用于肯定句中，意为“一定，肯定”。
Her
face
is
red.
She
must
be
shy她的脸红了，她准是害羞了。
The
pen
isn’t
John’s.
It
must
be
Tom's.
He
used
it
yesterday这支钢笔不是约翰的。它一定是汤姆的。他昨天用过它。
can/
could表推测，表示对现在或将来情况作推测时，后接动词原形(do);
表示对正在进行的情况作推测时，后接动词ing形式(
be
doing);
表示对过去情况作推测时,后接动词完成式(
have
done)。
We
could
go
there
this
summer.今年夏天我们可能要去那儿。(对将来的推测)
They
can't
be
reading
in
the
library他们不可能在图书馆读书。(对现在正发生的事情的推测)
I
can/could
have
seen
her
there.我可能在那儿见到过地。(对过去的推测)
（2）辨析：
endangered，
dangerous,
danger,
in
danger
endangered
形容词
濒危的，濒临灭绝的,
Scientists
think
that
this
kind
of
animal
is
endangered
by
pollution．
科学家认为污染导致这种动物濒临灭绝。
dangerous
形容词
危险的
It's
dangerous
for
people
to
swim
in
the
rive．对人们来说在河里游泳是危险的。
danger
不可数名词
危险，威胁
后接of(doing)sth
Is
there
any
danger
of
fire?有发生火灾的危险吗？
in
danger
介词短语，
在危险中
His
life
is
in
danger他有生命危险。
6.
The
numbers
of
some
kinds
of
sharks
have
fallen
by
over
90
percent
in
the
last
20
to
30
years.
在过去的20至30年里，某些种类的鲨鱼数量下降了百分之九十多。（教材99）
（1）
the
numbers
of．意为“…的数量”，为固定短语
the
number
of的复数形式。此处
numbers表示不同种类的鲨鱼的数量。
The
numbers
of
different
kinds
of
training
schools
have
increased．各种培训学校的数量都增加了。
辨析：
the
number
of与
a
number
of
这两个短语后面均接可数名词复数形式，其区别如下
the
number
of
…
意为“…的数量／数目”,作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
a
number
of…
意为“许多……”,
作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
The
number
of
the
books
is
400.书的数量是400
A
number
of
children
are
playing
in
the
park许多孩子正在公园里玩。
（2）
fall
by意为“下降了……”。其中by用作介词表示变化的幅度。
The
price
of
the
computer
fell
by
500
yuan这款电脑的价格下降了500元
拓展：
fall
to意为“下降到…”
The
price
of
the
computer
fell
to
500
yuan这款电脑的价格下降到500元。
（3）some
kinds
of为固定结构，后跟名词，意为“几种”
He
has
some
kinds
of
fishes
at
home他家里养着几种鱼。
【拓展】kind短语:
①
kind
of+形容词
“有点…”，相当于
a
little/
a
bit/a
little
bit.
I’m
kind
of
hungry.我有些饿了。
②
many
kinds
of+名词
“很多种…”;this/
that
kind
of+名词“这/那一种…”
This
kind
of
film
is
not
popular.这种电影不受欢迎。
③
all
kinds
of-+名词“各种各样的”
She
likes
all
kinds
of
flowers.地喜欢各种各样的花。
④
different
kinds
of+名词“不同种类的…”
There
are
different
kinds
of
books
in
the
bookshop.这家书店里有各种不同种类的书籍
⑤
be
kind
to
sb.“对某人友好”，相当于
be
friendly
to
sb.。
We
must
be
kind
to
wild
animals
in
order
to
protect
them.我们必须友好对待野生动物，这样才能保护它们。
⑥
a
kind
of“一种......”
An
apple
is
a
kind
of
fruit.苹果是一种水果。
（4）over介词，意为“多于;超过;在……以上(表示数目、程度)”，相当于
more
than
My
father
is
over40
years
old.我爸爸40多岁了。
There
are
over
eight
hundred
students
in
our
school.在我们学校有800多名学生。
拓展：
①over表示“在…“之上”，与物体垂直且不接触，反义词为
under
There
is
a
map
over
the
blackboard.黑板正上方有一张地图。
②over表示“通过”。
I
hear
the
news
over
the
radio.我通过收音机听新闻
③over表示“遍及”。
I
want
to
travel
all
over
the
world我想环游世界
7.
Yes,
we
can't
afford
to
wait
any
longer
to
take
action！是的，我们再也等不起了，应该（立马）采取行动！（教材100）
（1）
afford及物动词，意为“承担得起（后果）；买得起”，后面可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。常与can，could，
be
able
to等连用，多用于否定句中。afford
to
do
sth.“承担得起做某事”
He
can’t
afford
to
buy
a
new
iphone
他买不起一部新的苹果手机。
（2）
take
action意为“采取行动”，
take
action
to
do
sth．意为“采取行动做某事”。
Let’s
take
action！咱们采取行动吧！
We
must
take
action
to
protect
the
wild
animals我们必须采取行动保护野生动物。
8.
For
example,
you
can/could/should
save
electricity
by
turning
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
a
room例如，你可以／应该通过离开房间时关掉电灯来节约用电。（教材100）
（1）by介词，意为“通过，靠”，此处表示方法、手段,其后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式
He
had
to
do
all
the
work
by
hand
所有的工作他都要靠手工完成。
Mr.
Green
makes
a
living
by
teaching
格林先生以教学为生。
拓展：
“by＋交通工具（by后不加冠词）”意为“乘／坐”
I
went
to
Beijing
by
plane
我乘飞机去的北京
2)”by＋时间”意为“到……时（为止）；在…以前”。
I
must
be
in
bed
by
ten
o'clock
我必须在10点钟之前睡觉。
“by＋地点”意为“在……旁边”
We
live
by
the
sea．我们住在海边。
（2）turn
off意为“关掉；切断（电流、煤气、水等）”,是“动词＋副词”型短语，人称代词作宾语时，必须
放在turn和off之间,其反义短语为turn
on，意为“打开；接通（电流、煤气、水等）。
Don’t
forget
to
turn
off
the
light．不要忘记关灯。
Please
turn
it
off请把它关上。
［拓展］
turn
up调大；调高（音量等）
turn
down调小；调低（音量等）;拒绝
9.
And
the
gate
in
front
of
her
house
is
made
of
rocks
and
old
glass
bottles．房前的大门是用岩石和旧玻璃做成的。（教材102）
（1）辨析：
in
front
of与
in
the
front
of
in
front
of
在…的前面
指在一定范围外的前面
in
the
front
of
在……的前部
指在一定范围内的前部
The
dog
is
in
front
of
the
car．狗在汽车的前面。
The
driver
is
in
the
front
of
the
car．司机在汽车的前部。
（2）辨析：
be
made
of与
be
made
from
be
made
of
“用……制成”，从制成品上能够看出原材料，或制作过程中发生的是物理变化
The
bridge
is
made
of
stone．这座桥是用石头制成的。
be
made
from
“用……制成”，从制成品上一般看不出原材料，或制作过程中发生的是化学变化
The
wine
is
made
from
grapes
葡萄酒是用葡萄酿成的。
拓展：
1）be
made
in…
意为“产于…；在……制造”，后接表示地点的名词。
This
TV
set
was
made
in
Shanghai这台电视机是在上海制造的。
2)
be
made
into…意为“被制成…”，后接制成品。
This
piece
of
wood
will
be
made
into
a
small
bench，这块木头将要被制成一个小长凳。
3)be
made
up
of…，意为＂由……构成”，后跟组成部分。
Water
is
made
up
of
oxygen
and
hydrogen.
水是由氧元素和氢元素构成的。
4）
be
made
by…意为“由…制造”，后接动作的执行者。
The
machine
was
made
by
the
workers
in
the
factory．这台机器是由エ厂里的工人们制造的。
（3）
bottle
可数名词，意为“瓶子”。常用“数词＋bottle（s）of”表示物品的量，意为“……瓶….”
She
took
the
empty
bottles
back
to
the
shop她把空瓶子退回商店。
I
bought
a
bottle
of
water．我买了一瓶水。
Please
give
me
two
bottles
of
juice请给我两瓶果汁。
10.
Some
are
large
pieces
that
look
like
animals
or
humans,
and
some
are
smaller
pieces
you
can
put
at
home．有一些（艺术品）很庞大，看起来像动物或者人，有一些较小的作品可以摆放在家里。（教材102）
辨析：
look
like，
take
after与
be
like
look
like
看起来像……
强调外表、外貌特征，既可指人，也可指物
take
after
与……相像
不仅指外表相像，还包括行为、性格等方面像，多指遗传
be
like
像…，相像
强调外表、品德、性格等方面相像
Do
you
know
what
the
boy
is
like？He’s
tall
and
kind.
He
takes
after
his
father
and
he
looks
like
a
movie
star．你知道那个男孩是怎么样的一个人吗？他很高很友好。他像他父亲,他看上去像一位电影明星。
11.
Which
parts
need
to
be
improved？哪些部分需要改善？（教材103）
need此处用作实义动词，意为“需要”，后面接名词、代词、动词－ing形式及动词不定式作宾语。
※need后面接动词ing形式时，用主动形式表被动意义，此时主语常为事物。
其用法如下：
①
need
sth．“需要某物”。I
need
your
help．我需要你的帮助。
②
need
to
do
sth．“需要做某事”。Do
you
need
to
go
at
once？你需要马上走吗？
③
need
doing＝need
to
be
done“（某事）需要被做”。
The
bridge
needs
repairing.
=The
bridge
needs
to
be
repaired．这座桥需要（被）修。
［拓展］
①need还可用作名词，意为“需要＂。A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed（谚语）患难之交才是真朋友。
②need作情态动词时（通常用于否定句或疑问句），意为“需要；必须”，无人称以及数的变化，后接动词原形。
need开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或
have
to，否定回答常用needn’t
You
needn’t
worry．你不必担心
---Need
I
answer
the
question?我需要回答那个问题吗？
---yes，
you
must．／Yes，
you
have
to．是的，你必须。／No，
you
needn’t．不，不必了。
12.
The
air
pollution
is
getting
worse
and
worse.
空气污染正变得越来越严重。（教材104）
worse
and
worse意为“越来越糟；越来越严重”。
表示“越来越…”可用结构“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“
more
and
more＋原级（多音节词或部分双音节词）”。
He
is
getting
taller
and
taller.
他正变得越来越高。
The
flowers
are
more
and
more
beautiful这些花越来越漂亮。
［拓展］比较级的常用句型:
1)甲＋be动词＋形容词比较级＋than＋乙”或“甲＋实义动词＋副词比较级＋than＋乙”，意为“甲比乙…”
Tom
is
taller
than
Kate．汤姆比凯特高。
I
got
up
earlier
than
my
mother
this
morning.我今天早晨比我妈妈起床早。
2）“甲＋be动词＋倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋乙”或“甲＋实义动词＋倍数＋副词比较级＋than＋乙”意为“甲是乙的几倍……＂。
This
room
is
three
times
bigger
than
that
one这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。
3)甲＋be动词＋the＋形容词比较级＋
of
the
two…”意为“甲是两者中较…的”。
Look
at
the
two
boys.
My
brother
is
the
taller
of
the
two．看那两个男孩，我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。
4)“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越…,越…”
The
busier
my
mother
is,
the
happier
she
feels我母亲越忙，感到越快乐。
5)“疑问词＋be动词＋形容词比较级，甲or乙？”意为“哪一个更……,甲还是乙？”
Which
is
bigger,
the
earth
or
the
moon?
哪一个更大，地球还是月球？
6)“疑问词＋实义动词＋副词比较级，甲or乙？”意为“哪一个…得更…，甲还是乙？
Who
draws
better,
Jenny
or
Danny?
谁画得更好，珍妮还是丹尼？
六、单元语法习题
1.
---A
study
shows
that
good
habits
play
a
very
important______in
children’s
education.
---
I
think
so.
A
.sense
B.
part
C.
reason
2.
Finish
your
homework
first,
and
then
you'
ll______surf
the
Internet
for
half
an
hour.
A.
can
B.
need
C.
be
able
to
3.
That
one
mistake
almost______him
his
life.
A.
took
B.
paid
C.
cost
4.
Kate,
remember______for
the
sick
to
cheer
them
up.
A.
to
sing
B.
not
to
sing
C
singing
5.
Drinking
alcohol（白酒）
can
be______your
brains,
So
people
in
China
aren't
allowed
to
drink
it
if
they
are
younger
than
18.
A.
good
at
B.
good
with
C.harmful
to
6.
-Look
at
the
young
lady
in
red.
Is
it
Mrs,
Li?
--No.
It____be
her.
She
is
wearing
a
white
dress
today.
A.
mustn’t
B.
needn’t
C.
can’t
7.
There______a
number
of
books
in
the
library
and
the
number
of
them_______increasing.
A.
has:
is
B.
have,
are
C.
are,
is
8.
Please_______all
the
lights
when
you
leave
the
classroom.
A
.tum
on
B.
turn
off
C.
turn
down
9.Recycling
is
good,
so
don
’t______bottles
or
newspapers.
A.
find
out
B.
hand
in
C.
throw
away
10.
Mary_______is
my
friend,
as
well
as
her
sisters,______Chinese
in
China.S
A
.that;
are
studying
B.
who,
study
C.
who,
studies
七、单元话题
随着全球环境的恶化,越来越多的人选择过低碳生活。请写一篇英语短文,倡导你的同学们加入低碳一族。
要点:1.节约用水、用电、用纸;
2.去超市自备购物袋;
3.不要购买不必要的衣服;
4.不要使用一次性的杯子和碗筷;
5.步行或骑自行车上学。
注意:1.100词左右。(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数)
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
范文：With
the
global
warming
getting
worse,
more
people
choose
to
live
a
low-carbon
life
for
the
purpose
of
reducing
greenhouse
gases.
　
In
our
daily
life,
we’d
better
save
much
water,
paper
and
electricity.
We
should
use
less
carbon
and
oil.
It’s
important
to
turn
off
the
lights,
and
computers
when
we
leave
room.
We
should
take
our
own
bags
in
shopping
instead
of
using
plastic
bags
from
supermarket.
We
can
buy
few
clothes
which
are
unnecessary.
We
shouldn’t
buy
or
use
one-off
cups,
chopsticks
or
bowls.
It’s
good
for
us
to
walk
or
ride
bikes
to
school
instead
of
taking
cars.
We
can
also
plant
more
trees
to
change
the
air
around
us.
八、综合练习
Ⅱ.知识运用(两部分,共20
小题,计20分)
第一节
语法填空
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空.(共10
小
题,计10分)
(
)21.I
will
call
you
as
soon
as
he____
here
tomorrow.
A.
will
arrive
B.
arrives
C.
arrived
(
)22.
They
go
out
of
their
way
___at
home.
A.
make
me
feel
B.
to
make
me
feeling
C.to
make
me
feel
(
)23.-Have
you
finished
your
homework?
-Yes.
I___
it
with
my
best
friend
by
the
end
of
10
o'clock.
A.
finished
B.
have
finished
C.
had
finished
(
)24___
is
a
pity
that
he
can't
come
to
my
birthday
party.
A.This
B.It
C.That
(
)25.-May
I___your
English-Chinese
dictionary?
-Sorry,I__it
at
home.
A.lend;
left
B.
borrow;
left
C.borrow;
forget
(
)26.-Who's
that
boy
reading
in
the
garden?Is
it
David?
-It
___be
David.I
saw
him
in
the
classroom
just
now.
A.must
B.can't
C.may
(
)27._
_interesting
movie
Wolf
Warriors
I
is!
I
didn't
regret___it.
A.What
an;seeing
B.What
an;
to
see
C.How;to
see
(
)28.Recycling
is
one
way
to
protect
the
environment,reusing
is___.
A.another
B.the
other
C.other
(
)29.-Where
is
the
camera___
my
father
bought
in
Japan?
-Oh,
let
me
see.
I
put
it
in
your
suitcase.
A.when
B.whose
C.that
(
)30.-What
did
Lisa
ask
you
about
the
trip
to
Beijing?
-She
asked
me___.
A.who
was
the
guide
of
the
trip
B.when
they
will
visit
Mount
Xiang
C.if
she
can
go
to
Tiantan
Park
on
the
second
day
第二节
词语填空
通读下面的短文,
掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选
项中选出最佳答案.(共10小题,计10分)
In
New
York,
on
a
Friday
night,
a
poor
young
artist
stood
at
the
gate
of
a
train
station,
He
was
playing
his
31
,His
music
was
so
great
that
many
people
put
money
into
his
32
.
The
next
day,the
young
artist
came
to
the
33
place,and
played
the
violin
as
usual.Different
from
the
day
before,he
took
out
a
piece
of
paper
and
put
34
on
the
ground.The
paper
read,"Last
night,a
man
named
George
Sang
put
an
important
thing
into
my
hat
35
,
Please
come
to
get
it
soon."
After
about
half
an
hour,a(n)36
man
ran
there
in
a
hurry,"“Oh,it's
you.You
did
come
here."
The
young
violinist
asked
calmly,"“Are
you
Mr.George
Sang?"
"Yes!
Yes!”Then
the
violinist
asked,"Did
you
lose
something?""Lottery(彩票).It's
the
most
valuable
lottery
in
my
70
years
of
life,"
said
the
man.
The
violinist
37
a
lottery
ticket.George
Sang's
name
was
on
it.So
the
violinist
gave
it
to
him.
The
violinist
said,"
38
I
don't
have
much
money,I
live
happily;but
if
I
lose
honesty,
I
won't
be
happy
forever.”
Through
our
lives,
we
can
get
a
lot
and
lose
so
much.But
being
39
should
always
be
with
us.If
we
act
in
a
dishonest
way,we
may
40
in
a
short
period.
However,from
the
long-term
view,we
will
be
a
loser.
(
)31.A.piano
B.guitar
C.violin
(
)32.A.bowl
B.hat
C.pocket
(
)33.A.similar
B.different
C.same
(
)34.A.it
B.its
C.they
(
)35.
A.by
then
B.by
mistake
C.by
the
way
(
)36.A.young
B.old
C.small
(
)37.
A.took
out
B.took
off
C.took
back
(
)38.A.Although
B.Once
C.If
(
)39.A.kind
B.rich
C.honest
(
)40.A.fail
B.relax
C.succeed
Ⅲ阅读技能(四部分,共24
小题,计48分)
第一节
图表理解
阅读下列图表,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中,选出最佳选项
回答问题或完成句子.(共5小题,计10分)
A
(
)41.
You
can
watch
the
dolphin
show________.
A.
at
10:00
a.
m,on
Sunday
B
at
10:
30
a.
m,
on
Monday
C
at
1:
00
p.
m,
on
Friday
(
)42
With
20,000
yuan,
Mr
Green
can
rent
the
house
for________.
A.
2
years
B.
one
year
C.
10
months
B
Free
Help
for
Mothers
of
3-ycar-old
kids
The
Clinic
at
Brook
University
is
looking
for
volunteers
for
a
rescarch
study
from
June
11th
to
the
end
of
the
year,
which
provides
free
help
for
mothers
who
are
having
difficulty
dealing
with
their
3-ycar-old
kids.
To
get
more
information,
call
the
Clinic
at
633-7788
Women'
s
Heart
Health
Series
The
Brook
Heart
Center
is
preparing
a
lunchtime
symposium(座谈会)
on
heart
diseases
in
women.
The
symposium,
which
is
free,
begins
on
Thursday
July
12th
from
12:
00
p.
m.
to
13:
00
p.
m.
at
Room
401.
Lunch
will
be
provided
and
registration(登记)
is
required.
The
series
will
continue
on
July
20th
and
August
15th.
To
register
or
find
out
more
information,
call
631-5583
Summer
Camp
at
Brook,
June
24
th--August
16th
The
Summer
Camp
at
Brook
is
back
for
its
third
exciting
year.
The
Camp
provides
educational
activities
and
sports
games
for
kids
between
the
ages
of
5-12.
Cost
includes
a
camp
T-shirt,
as
well
as
a
hot
lunch
and
snack
every
day.
For
more
information,
please
call
the
Camp
office
at
624-4550
or
visit
our
website(F3h)at
www.brook.edu/daycamp
(
)43.
The
symposium
on
heart
diseases
at
the
Brook
Heart
Center
will
be
held
on
________.
A.
June
11th
B.
July
24th
C.
August
16th
(
)44.
Women
who
have
6-year-old
kids
may
be
interested
in_____.
A.
the
Summer
Camp
at
Brook
B.
Brook
University
C.
the
lunchtime
symposium
(
)45.
We
can
learn
from
the
above
that_______.
A.
all
the
three
notices
above
are
written
for
women
to
know
B.
the
Summer
Camp
at
Brook
has
already
been
organized
twice
C.
people
can
learn
more
information
about
the
above
through
the
website
第二节
短文理解
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选
项回答问题或完成句子。(共10小题，计20分)
A
My
parents
taught
me
not
to
waste
food.
My
mom
always
found
ways
to
make
leftovers(剩余食物)
taste
good.
I
went
to
Italia
to
learn
about
some
of
their
special
foods.
As
I
was
there,
I
learned
about
the
food
and
the
history
of
the
area.
I
learned
that
they
don't
waste
food,
either,
and
they
use
leftovers!
Many
years
ago,
there
was
not
enough
food
for
everyone.
People
learned
to
cook
and
eat
almost
everything.
They
had
to
think
of
ways
to
make
special
dishes,
One
of
these
dishes
is
kao
zha.
It's
made
with
leftovers
like
meat,
soup,
oil
and
fat,
That
might
not
sound
very
good,
but
it
does
taste
good,
Today,
kao
zha
is
special
dish
at
big
banquets(宴会).
Another
famous
dish
is
called
zao
bing.
It's
made
with
fruit,
meat
and
other
things.
I
really
liked
it!
But
I
didn't
want
to
eat
too
much,
It
has
u
lot
lot
of
fat
in
it.
I
smelled
something
burning
and
I
saw
smoke,
so
I
found
another
special
food
of
the
Italian
area-duck
meat.
The
duck
meat
is
put
in
i
big
oven
to
cook
it.
Smoke
keep
meat
fresh.
I
don't
usually
eat
meat,
but
this
duck
meat
was
delicious!
It
tasted
sweet.
Italia
is
a
great
place
with
delicious
food.
I
hope
I
can
come
back
again!
(
)46.
The
writer
learns
from
her
parents___.
A
not
to
eat
leftovers
B,
to
cat
good
food
C,
not
to
waste
food
(
)47.
The
writer
finds
that
people
in
Italia___.
A
always
waste
food
B,
don't
use
leftovers
C
can
cook
special
food
(
)48.
Kao
zha
is
a
good
dish
that
is
made
with
A
fruit,
meat
and
other
things
B.
fresh
and
sweet
duck
meat
C.
some
different
leftovers
(
)49.
There
are___
kinds
of
special
foods
mentioned
in
the
passage.
A.
two
B.
three
C.
four
(
)50.
From
the
passage,
we
know
that___.
A.
there
was
not
enough
food
in
Italia
long
ago
B
leftovers
can't
be
used
to
cook
delicious
food
C.
zao
bing
is
a
famous
dish
without
any
fat
in
it
B
Learning
about
the
environment
is
very
important.
There
are
many
good
books
that
will
help
you
learn.
To
get
started,
ask
your
teacher
or
a
librarian
for
some
suggestions.
You
can
also
look
at
some
good
websites
with
information
about
the
environment
and
climate(气候)
change.
Climate
change
may
be
a
big
problem,
but
there
arc
many
little
things
we
can
do
to
make
a
difference.
Driving
a
car
or
using
electricity
is
not
wrong.
We
just
have
to
be
smart
about
it
Some
people
use
less
energy
by
carpooling.
For
example,
four
people
can
ride
together
in
one
car
instead
of
driving
four
cars
to
work.
Whenever
we
use
electricity,
we
put
greenhouse
gases(气体)
into
the
air.
By
turning
off
lights,
the
television,
and
the
computer
when
they
aren't
needed,
you
can
help
a
lot
Don't
buy
products
that
use
too
much
energy.
Some
products,
like
certain
cars,
are
made
specially
to
save
energy.
These
cars
can
travel
longer
on
a
smaller
amount
of
gas.
They
don't
pollute
as
much,
either.
Products
like
computers,
TVs,
and
VCRs
with
the
ENERGY
STAR
label(标签)
arc
made
to
save
energy.
Buying
products
with
these
labels
will
help
protect
the
environment
Buy
recyclable(可回收利用的)products
instead
of
non-recyclable
ones.
Recyclable
products
are
usually
made
out
of
things
that
have
already
been
used.
It
usually
takes
less
energy
to
make
recyclable
products
than
to
make
new
ones.
So
when
you
go
shopping
look
for
the
recycle
mark
on
the
package--three
arrows(箭头)
that
make
a
circle.
The
less
energy
we
use,
the
better.
(
)51.
According
to
this
passage,
people
can
look
at
some
good
websites
in
order
to
get
information
about
A.
some
environmental
books
B.
the
environment
and
climate
change
C.
the
teacher's
suggestions
(
)52.
The
underlined
word
"carpooling"
in
Paragraph
2
most
probably
means
“____”
A.
sharing
a
car
B.
pulling
a
car
C.
selling
a
car
(
)53.
From
the
passage,
we
can
learn
that
A.
turning
off
the
electricity
when
it
isn’t
needed
can
save
a
lot
of
energy
B.
using
electricity
will
cause
trouble
to
our
environment
C.
cars
using
less
energy
will
not
put
greenhouse
gases
into
the
air
(
)54.
Which
statement(=E)
in
the
following
sentences
is
WRONG
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Recyclable
products
are
usually
made
out
of
used
things
B.
It
usually
takes
more
energy
to
make
new
products
than
to
make
recyclable
ones
C.
The
recycle
mark
on
the
package
is
three
arrows(Hu)
that
make
a
line
(
)55.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
writers
opinion?
A.
No
pains,
no
gains
B.
Rome
was
not
built
in
one
day.
C.
Little
things
can
make
a
big
difference.
第三节语篇补全阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选
项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。(共4小题，计8分)
Now
some
women
are
spending
a
weekend
at
Mother's
Camp
There,
husbands
and
children
arc
not
allowed.
Why
would
a
woman
want
to
take
a
vacation
without
her
family?
56
At
Mother's
Camp
a
woman
has
room
to
herself.
She
can
sleep,
read
or
watch
TV
and
no
one
will
bother
her.
No
children
will
ask,
"Mom,
what's
for
dinner?
"No
husband
will
say
"Oh,
dear,
I
can't
find
any
clean
socks.
"57
Many
of
them
work
full-time
and
then
come
home
to
a
second
job-taking
care
of
their
homes
and
families.
These
working
women
say
one
of
their
biggest
problems
is
housework.
58
Many
of
their
husbands
say
they
want
to
help,
But
then
they
burn
the
rice
or
they
can't
find
the
pants.
They
ask
so
many
questions
that
their
wives
decide
it
is
easier
to
do
the
job
themselves.
Some
women
go
to
Mother
s
Camp
just
to
get
a
break
from
housework
For
two
days
they
don't
cook;
they
don'
clean;
they
don't
look
after
their
children
or
husband.
What
do
they
do?
They
enjoy
warm,
sunny
weather,
walking,
swimming
or
boating
in
a
clear
blue
lake
and
sing
songs
around
the
campfire.
They
relax
away
from
home.59
A.
Some
women
do
not
like
their
husbands
and
children
B.
They
have
a
really
wonderful
vacation
at
Mother's
Camp
C.
Some
women
say
they
need
time
to
be
alone.
D.
In
fact
almost
50%
of
women
in
the
United
States
work
outside
the
home.
E.
In
the
United
States,
working
wives
do
about
75
of
the
housework.
第四节阅读表达阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。(共5小题，计10分)
Getting
recognition(认可)
from
National
Geographic,
a
famous
US
magazine,
is
the
dream
for
many
photographers(摄影师).
A
Chinese
teenage
photographer
has
made
this
With
his
work
Weed
(野草)
on
the
Wall,
Gong
Zijie,
a
14-year-old
boy
from
Changsha,
Hunan,
won
the
2014
International
Photography
Competition
for
Kids
in
China.
It
was
hosted
by
National
Geographic
Kids.
Gong
got
the
first
place
for
the
subject
Wild
Vacation.
His
photo
shows
the
shadow
of
a
weed
on
the
Forbidden
City's
red
walls.
In
photographer
Li
Shaobai's
words,
"The
picture
is
silent
but
powerful.”
Gong
learned
photography
from
his
father,
a
professional
photographer
working
for
Hunan
TV.
Since
the
age
of
4,
he
has
been
following
his
father
to
take
pictures
of
nature
and
society.
Gong
is
a
patient
photographer.
When
he
finds
something
amazing,
he
can
spend
hours
waiting
for
the
perfect
time
to
catch
the
moment
In
his
first
work,
Gong
took
the
beautiful
view
of
the
sunset
near
his
hometown.
It
looked
simple,
but
Gong
worked
for
four
days
to
take
the
best
photo.
Now,
the
young
photographer
cares
more
about
social(++
A
A))
problems.
In
Gong's
pictures
of
Liuyang
River,
hundreds
of
dead
fish
show
us
the
deadly
results
of
pollution
He
has
made
up
his
mind
to
document
polluted
rivers
at
least
once
every
year
to
make
people
pay
more
attention
to
environmental
protection.
"Now
photography
is
not
only
a
hobby,
but
also
a
duty(责任)
for
me."
said
Gong.
60.
Where
is
Gong
Zijie
from?
______________________________________________________________________
61.
What
does
photographer
Li
Shaobai
think
of
Gong's
work?
______________________________________________________________________
62.
Did
Gong
learn
photography
by
himself?
_______________________________________________________________________
63.When
did
Gong
begin
to
learn
to
take
photos
_______________________________________________________________________
64.
Why
did
Gong
decide
to
document
polluted
rivers?
_______________________________________________________________________
Ⅳ写作技能(三部分，共11小题，计32分)
第一节
语篇翻译
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。(共5小题，计10
分)
"
The
Chinese
Dreams"
is
a
hot
topic
these
years.
Many
Chinese
people
arc
inspired
by
the
Chinese
Dreams.
They
give
us
courage
and
confidence
to
keep
us
going
through
difficulties
People
could
realize
the
importance
of
dreams
and
know
that
dreams
give
meaning
to
life.
Every
great
achievement
has
been
the
result
of
years
of
dreaming.65.青少年应
该被鼓励去梦想.Older
people
should
also
believe
that
it
is
never
too
late
to
dream
and
that
human
mind
is
never
too
old
to
make
dreams
turn
into
reality
Here
is
some
advice
on
how
to
realize
our
beautiful
dreams
66.
Never
giving
up
is
the
key
to
make
our
dreams
come
true.
We
may
fail
from
time
to
time,
67.
but
we
can
learn
from
failure,
and
try
again
until
we
achieve
our
goals.
Our
life
is
like
a
long
journey
which
is
not
all
roses.
It
sometimes
has
wind
and
rain.
We
believe
rainbows
will
appear
after
storms
Cooperation(合作)
is
also
necessary.
Everyone
likes
a
person
who
is
good
at
cooperating
with
others.
Besides,
in
our
society
most
problems
can't
be
solved
by
one
person
alone.68.合作正成为解决问题的最重要的方法之一，
especially
for
people
living
in
the
developing
society
At
the
same
time,
we
should
learn
to
examine
our
abilities
because
it
helps
us
know
our
advantages
and
disadvantages
as
well
as
get
a
full
control
of
ourselves.
69.
Then
we
may
be
confident
enough
to
face
challenges.
Follow
the
suggestions
above,
and
our
dreams
are
sure
to
come
true.
65.__________________________________________________________________
66.__________________________________________________________________
67.___________________________________________________________________
68.__________________________________________________________________
69.___________________________________________________________________
第二节
情景交际
通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。(共5小题，计10分
A:
Hi,
Angela.
I
heard
someone
play
the
violin.
What
wonderful
music!
70
_________________?
B:
Of
course
I
know.
I
did
it.
I
often
play
the
violin
when
I
am
free.
A:
71.______________________________?
B:
Twice
a
week
A:
It's
really
nice.
What
else
do
you
do
in
your
free
time?
B:
72___________________.
A:
Like
what?
B:
Taking
a
walk,
doing
my
lessons,
doing
sports
and
so
on.
73
___________________?
A:
Besides
doing
my
homework,
I
have
to
take
many
after-school
classes,
I
don't
have
time
to
do
other
things
to
relax
myself.
B:
Why
not
try
to
manage
your
time
properly?
You
can
listen
carefully
in
class
and
try
to
solve
your
problems
at
school,
Then
you'
ll
have
more
free
time.
A:
74___________________.I'll
have
a
try.
B:
I
believe
you
can
make
it.
第三节
书面表达(计12分)
当今中国社会，垃圾分类（sort
garbage)备受关注。在校园里，同学们有的赞成进行垃圾分类，有的则反对。请你针对这种情况写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：大家对于垃圾分类的不同观点及可能的原因；强调垃圾分类的重要性；号召同学们都坚持进行垃圾分类。
要求：1、文章内容需要包括所有要点，不能出现真实校名或人名。
2、不能使用涂改液，注意卷面整洁，字数在
80
字左右。
Good
morning,
everyone!
It's
my
honor
to
speak
here.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit
13
We're
trying
to
save
the
earth!参考答案
四．1-5ACBCB
6-10BCCCC
11-14BCAB
六．1-5BCCAC
6-10CCCBD
综合训练：
第一节BCBBB
BAACA
第二节
CBCAB
BAACC
第一节
AC
BAB
第二节
CCCBA
BABCC
第三节
CDEB
60.
Changsha.
61.
It
is
silent
but
powerful.
62.
No,
he
didn't.
63.
Since
the
age
of
4.
64.
To
make
people
pay
more
attention
to
environmental
protection.
65.
Teenagers
should
be
encouraged
to
dream.
66.从不放弃是使我们实现梦想的关键。
67.但是我们可以从失败中学习，然后再去尝试，直到我们达到目标。
68.
Cooperation
is
becoming
one
of
the
most
important
ways
for
people
to
solve
the
problems.
69.于是，我们可能会足够自信地去面对挑战。
70.
Who
did
it
71.
How
often
do
you
play
it
72.
Many
things
73.
What
about
you
74.
Thank
you
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