中考英语真题透视阅读理解专项讲解（3）判断正误式题型

中考英语真题透视阅读理解专项讲解（3）—判断正误式题型
　　Passage 1
　　Do you remember your dreams Do people have the same dreams Why do we dream There are many questions about dreams. We dream during the REM (rapid (快的) eye movement) stage (阶段) of sleep. We have about five periods of REM sleep during the night. The first REM cycle (周期) lasts about 10 minutes. As the night goes on, the REM cycle gets longer. By early morning, the REM cycle can last up to 90 minutes. Usually, it is in this last REM cycle that we remember our dreams.
　　Dreams change as people age. People may have several dreams each night. Some are like films and usually in color. They come to us over and over again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something and trying to find the answer. Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we can’t remember the dreams clearly.
　　It is reported that too much dreaming is bad for our health. The more we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work. That is why we may have a long sleep and still feel tired when we wake up.
　　1.We dream during the REM stage of sleep.
　　2.Children aged eight or nine have the same dreams as people aged thirty.
　　3.All the dreams are usually in color like films.
　　4.The longer we dream, the better we sleep.
　　5.The passage above is talking about dreaming.
　　(选自2003年黑龙江省试题)
　　【解题思路点拨】做梦是人人都经历过的事情。本文向我们讲述了梦的五个REM周期。“日有所思，夜有所梦”。人们通常记不清楚自己梦中的情景。不过在黎明时分，即最后一个REM周期，梦中的事情往往在醒来之后仍然可以历历在目。人做梦时，神经系统尚在活动。短文最后得出结论：做梦太多有损于身体健康。
　　1.T.由短文第一段中的“We dream during the REM (rapid (快的) eye movement) stage (阶段) of sleep.”可以判断该句是正确的。
　　2.F.短文第二段首句“Dreams change as people age.”的意思是说，“梦因人的年龄不同而存在差异”。由此可知这句话是不正确的。
　　3.F.第二段很清楚地说明了“有些梦就像电影一样”(Some are like films …)这层意思。据此，这句话显然是错误的。
　　4.F.文章最后说，“睡觉的时间越多，做梦的时间就越长”，而“太多的梦对人体健康是不害的”。这句话的意思与原文背道而驰，所以是错误的。
　　5.T.非常明显，本文的三个自然段都是围绕着“梦”这一话题而写的。因此，这个句子是正确的。
　　Passage 2
　　Tom, an 11-year-old boy, was ill. He had got a cough. His mother was worried and took him to see a doctor. The doctor looked over Tom carefully and said, “Tom, nothing serious”. Then he gave him some medicine. These are the words on the instruction of the cough medicine.
　　Instruction
　　Take three times a day after meals
　　Dose (剂量): Grown-ups: 2 spoons each time
　　Children: 8-14 yrs. One spoon, 4-7 yrs. 1/2 spoon
　　Not for children below the age of 4 years
　　Notes: 1.Store in a cold place
　　2.Using before Oct. 2004
　　Tel & Fax: 021-56317708
　　1.Tom should take three spoons in a day.
　　2.Tom had better have his meals before he takes the medicine.
　　3.The medicine can be kept in a fridge.
　　4.Children aged five can’t take this medicine.
　　5.From this instruction we know Tom can go on using the left medicine after Oct. 2004.
　　(选自2003年新疆生产建设兵团试题)
　　【解题思路点拨】能读懂日常生活中的一些常见英文标志和说明，是初中学生所必须达到的一项能力。在这则咳嗽药说明书中，涉及了药品的服用量，适宜人群及贮存和使用期限等。
　　1.T.本题看似简单，实则需要细心推算才能判断答案。药品说明第一句话是说这种药每天服用三次。前文中说Tom是一个十一岁的孩子，根据说明中的“Children: 8-14 yrs. One spoon, 4-7 yrs. 1/2 spoon”这一句提供的信息，可知他每次只能一调羹。所以，Tom每天应当服用三调羹。
　　2.T.由“Take three times a day after meals”这句话，可知此药须在饭后服用，故Tom服药前最好吃些东西。
　　3.T.“Store in a cold place”是解题的依据。
　　4.F.这句话的意思是说“五岁的孩子不能服用这种药”。而说明中明明有“四至七岁的小孩每次服用1/2调羹”(4-7 yrs. 1/2 spoon)。因此，这个句子是错误的。
　　5.F。根据“Using before Oct. 2004”一句可知，本药品的有效期是截止到2004年10月，不难判断出所给句子是错误的。
　　Passage 3
　　Dear sir,
　　Just over six months ago, I saw an advertisement in a morning newspaper for a set of the complete works (全集) of William Shakespeare. Your company offered this set at a low price: 15pounds and 50 pence. I had wanted a set of Shakespeare’s plays and poems for some time, so I sent for them.
　　Two weeks later, the books arrived, together with a set of the works of Charles Dickens that I had not wanted. So I returned the Dickens’ books to you. Two more weeks passed. Then there arrived a second set of books and a set of the plays of Moliere, in French. I do not read French, and they were not useful at all, so I wrote to you.
　　You did not answer that letter. Instead you sent me a bill for 42 pounds and a set of the plays of Schiller, in German. I have no room for any more books, and I have no time to read them all.
　　Please send no more books, no more bills and no more angry letters for payment. Just send one large truck and take all the books away, leaving me only with the one set of the works of Shakespeare for which I have paid.
　　Yours,
　　Simon Walker
　　1.The advertisement in the morning paper was for a set of the complete works of William Shakespeare.
　　2.Mr Walker wanted to order Dickens’ books.
　　3.Two weeks later, he got the works of Schiller.
　　4.The company wanted Simon to pay for all the books.
　　5.Mr. Walker told them to take away all the books except Shakespeare’s books.
　　(选自2003年徐州市试题)
　　【解题思路点拨】这是一位名叫Simon Walker的读者写给某公司的一封信。Simon 半年前从这家公司邮购了一套莎士比亚全集。可当他收到书时，还发现了一套自己并没有订购的狄更斯作品，于是就退了回去。不想，几天后又收到了莎士比亚的另一套作品集以及狄更斯的作品和莫里哀的剧本。Simon 十分生气，就写信向公司说明情况。然而，Simon不但没有得到回复，反而又收到公司的账单和一套席勒的剧本。
　　1.T.该句出自于书信的第一句话“…I saw an advertisement in a morning newspaper for a set of the complete works (全集) of William Shakespeare.”。
　　2.F.从信的首段可以看出，作者想邮购的书籍是莎士比亚全集。根据第二段首句的“…together with a set of the works of Charles Dickens which I had not wanted.”也可以判断出这句话是错误的。
　　3.F.书信第二段中说到这样一件事：Simon将狄更斯作品退还公司，可两天后收到是莎士比亚的另一套作品集，狄更斯的作品和莫里哀的剧本。这句话所述说的内容是：Simon给公司写信反映情况之后，又收到的另一套书，而不是自己订购的。
　　4.T.仔细理解书信倒数第二自然段中的“Instead you sent me a bill for 42 pounds and a set of the plays of Schiller, in German.”这句话，显然可知这是公司在向Simon索要书款。
　　5.T.考虑整篇书信的内容，可知Simon只想购买莎士比亚全集，其余的书籍不是法文版，就是德文版，他看不懂，也没有时间看。实际上，仅凭书信末段也可以做出正确判断。