中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考重点题型系列之
——阅读理解（一）
学生课堂手稿student
handout
阅读理解题型
一、阅读理解题型
1.选择型
能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息
2.判断型
能根据上下文和构词法推断、判断题干或选项的正误
3.排序型
能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，
预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局
4.匹配性
能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义
5.填空型
能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系
6.回答问题型
能够概括理解文章主题，理解作者意图
二、选择型阅读理解
1.细节理解题
questions
of
details
2.词义猜测题
words
in
context
3.推理判断题
questions
of
inference
4.主旨归纳题
main
idea
阅读理解微技能
一、细节理解题
细节理解题在中考英语阅读理解试题中所占比例最大，但这部分题目相对来说比较简单，只要通过题干的关键词，在文中找到题目的相关信息，仔细对比，就能得出答案。其正确选项特征为：同义替换、语言简化、正话反说等。其干扰项特征为：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非等。
细节理解题常见的题干设问形式：
疑问句式
以5W1H(what，who，when，where，why和how)等开头的特殊疑问句。
What
did...plan
to
do
after...?
Which
is
the
right
order
of
the
events
given
in
the
passage?
How
did
...happen?
Which...is
close
to...?
是非题的形式
常含true
(except)，not
right/correct
(except)等词语。
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
(not)
true/correct?
All
the
statements
are
true
except
________.
不完整的陈述句式
According
to...，before...，Americans
had
little
idea
about
Americans
had
little
idea
about
________.
To
keep
healthy，people
are
advised
________.
By
the
first
sentence
of
the
passage，the
author
means
that
________.
To
look
for
details.
直接查找细节题
One
day,
almost
150
years
ago,
a
cook
in
an
expensive
restaurant
in
New
York
State
was
preparing
popular
food
---
French
fries.
A
customer
in
the
restaurant
didn’t
like
the
French
fries,
and
complained(抱怨)
because
they
were
too
thick.
The
cook
cut
some
potatoes
into
thinner
pieces
and
fried
them.
The
waiter
brought
them
to
the
customer.
The
customer
tasted
them,
and
asked
to
see
the
cook
because
he
was
still
6not
satisfied.
37.
According
to
the
passage,
______
were
very
popular
about
150
years
ago.
A.
potato
chips
B.
hamburgers
C.
sandwiches
D.
French
fries
a
What
is
the
most
popular
fast
food
today?
Potato
chips?
Hamburgers?
Or
Sandwiches?
Walk
into
almost
any
supermarket
or
corner
store
in
America
and
you
will
see
potato
chips.
Americans
are
the
biggest
eaters
of
potato
chips
and
people
in
many
other
parts
of
the
world
enjoy
them
too.
Do
you
know
where
this
very
popular
fast
food
comes
from?
b
One
day,
almost
150
years
ago,
a
cook
in
an
expensive
restaurant
in
New
York
State
was
preparing
popular
food
---
French
fries.
A
customer
in
the
restaurant
didn’t
like
the
French
fries,
and
complained(抱怨)
because
they
were
too
thick.
The
cook
cut
some
potatoes
into
thinner
pieces
and
fried
them.
The
waiter
brought
them
to
the
customer.
The
customer
tasted
them,
and
asked
to
see
the
cook
because
he
was
still
not
satisfied.
c
The
cook
went
to
speak
to
the
customer.
The
customer
complained
loudly
about
the
chips
again.
The
cook
became
very
angry
because
the
customer
was
so
rude.
He
decided
to
play
a
trick(戏弄)
on
the
customer.
He
cut
some
potatoes
so
thin
that
the
customer
wouldn’t
be
able
to
pick
them
up.
To
the
cook’s
surprise,
the
customer
loved
the
new
chips,
and
soon
other
customers
wanted
them
too.
People
went
home
to
tell
their
friends
about
this
new
food.
The
chips
became
so
popular
that
the
cook
opened
his
own
restaurant.
The
correct
order(顺序)
of
the
following
sentences
is
_____.
①
The
cook
opened
his
own
restaurant.
②
The
customer
complained
about
the
French
fries
because
they
were
too
thick.
③
The
cook
worked
in
an
expensive
restaurant
in
New
York
State.
④
To
the
cook’s
surprise,
the
customer
loved
the
new
chips.
⑤
The
cook
played
a
trick
on
the
customer.
A.③④⑤②①
B.
①②④⑤③
C.
③②⑤④①
D.
⑤③①②④
summary
细节理解和细节判断
解题技巧：
细心审题，直接就题找答案
变通理解，间接转述找答案
多点归纳，综合事实找答案
二、推理判断题
推理判断题考查考生根据字面意思，通过逻辑关系，研究细节，推敲作者的态度，理解文章寓意的能力。推理判断题涉及的可能是文中一句或几句话，甚至是文章或段落的主题，弄清正确选项或干扰选项特征是做题的关键。其正确选项特征为：立足原文，只推一步；一般不可出现绝对概念。其干扰选项特征为：曲解文意、张冠李戴、偷梁换柱、无中生有、鱼目混珠、扩缩范围等。
Wang
Yan,
a
15-year-old
Chinese
girl,
likes
eating
snacks
very
much.
She
prefers
cream
biscuits,
McDonald’s
hamburgers
and
KFC
chicken.
As
a
result,
she
has
become
overweight.
Today
in
China,
there
are
many
children
like
Wang
Yan.
Health
experts
say
children
should
have
healthy
eating
habits.
First,
they
must
eat
regular
meals
and
begin
with
a
healthy
breakfast.
Second,
they
should
have
different
kinds
of
foods
such
as
fruit,
vegetables,
grain,
eggs,
milk
and
meat.
Third,
children
shouldn’t
eat
too
much
junk
food.
It
is
delicious,
but
eating
it
often
is
bad
fortheir
health.
If
children
do
as
the
experts
say,
they
won’t
become
overweight.
They
will
be
healthier.
Students
won’t
become
tired
at
school,
and
they
will
have
enough
energy
to
study
hard.
What
will
be
the
result
if
we
do
as
the
experts
say?
We
will
be
_______.
A.
overweight
B.
healthier
C.
tired
at
school
D.
confident
We
always
celebrated
Dad’s
birthday
on
Thanksgiving
Day,
even
after
he
entered
a
nursing
home.
When
we
knew
it
might
be
his
last
birthday,
the
whole
family
decided
to
get
together
for
a
huge
birthday
celebration
at
the
nursing
home.
Dad
was
a
good
storyteller
and
we
were
always
his
listeners.
During
a
quiet
moment,
I
announced
it
was
now
Dad’s
turn
to
listen
to
stories
for
a
change.
I
wanted
everyone
to
tell
Dad
what
we
loved
about
him.
The
room
became
quiet.
Then
one
after
another,
people
told
stories
from
their
hearts,
while
Dad
listened
with
tears
in
eyes.
Everyone
seemed
to
have
more
than
one
story.
Even
the
little
grandchildren
couldn’t
wait
to
tell
Dad
why
they
loved
him.
For
a
man
who
had
been
kind
to
so
many
hundreds
of
people
in
his
life,
here
was
our
chance
to
tell
him
how
much
we
love
him.
A
few
months
later,
at
Dad’s
memorial
service,
we
more
fully
realized
what
we
had
given
to
Dad
that
night.
Those
are
the
stories
people
normally
tell
at
a
funeral
(葬礼)
after
a
loved
one
is
no
longer
alive
to
hear
the
words.
They
tell
stories,
full
of
tears.
But
we
had
given
those
memories
to
Dad
in
his
life,
and
we
had
told
them
through
laughter,
together
with
hugs
and
joy.
He
had
them
to
hold
and
enjoyed
them
from
time
to
time
in
his
mind
during
his
last
days
and
months.
Words
do
matter,
and
they
are
enough.
We
just
need
to
say
them
or
to
speak
them
publicly
to
the
ones
we
love.
That’s
the
ways
to
give
back
love
and
that’s
our
chance
to
celebrate
a
person
in
his
or
her
life.
From
the
passage,
we
know
the
writer’s
father
was
______
to
hear
the
stories.
A.
surprised
B.
moved
C.
sad
D.
frustrated
summary
如何推测文章的观点或结论
★
答题窍门：这类问题问的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部观点，可能只是文章中的某一观点。但要推测出文中的某一观点，仍离不开对全文主要观点或中心思想的把握。
如何推断文章的隐含意义
★
干扰选项：（1）文章中直接表达的信息；
（2）无关紧要或片面推出的结论；
（3）完全相反的结论等。
★
答题误区：考生易误选文章中直接表达的信息的选项或片面的结论选项。
★
答题窍门：（1）全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论；
（2）忠实于原文，切忌脱离原文，凭空臆断；
（3）切忌选择表层信息选项，应该立足由已知推断未知。
三、主旨大意题
主旨大意题主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中心大意、段落大意、选择标题及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。其正确选项特征为：涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段；确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小；精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。其干扰选项特征为：过于笼统，不知所云；以偏概全，主次不分；移花接木，偷换概念；无中生有，生搬硬套等。
Question
forms:
What’s
the
main
idea（主要大意）
of
the
passage?
This
passage
is
mainly
about….
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title（标题）
for
the
passage?
What’s
the
topic（话题）
of
the
text?
The
writer
writes
the
article
to
_______.
What
is
the
most
popular
fast
food
today?
Potato
chips?
Hamburgers?
Or
Sandwiches?
Walk
into
almost
any
supermarket
or
corner
store
in
America
and
you
will
see
potato
chips.
Americans
are
the
biggest
eaters
of
potato
chips
and
people
in
many
other
parts
of
the
world
enjoy
them
too.
Do
you
know
where
this
very
popular
fast
food
comes
from?
One
day,
almost
150
years
ago,
a
cook
in
an
expensive
restaurant
in
New
York
State
was
preparing
popular
food
---
French
fries.
A
customer
in
the
restaurant
didn’t
like
the
French
fries,
and
complained(抱怨)
because
they
were
too
thick.
The
cook
cut
some
potatoes
into
thinner
pieces
and
fried
them.
The
waiter
brought
them
to
the
customer.
The
customer
tasted
them,
and
asked
to
see
the
cook
because
he
was
still
not
satisfied.
The
cook
went
to
speak
to
the
customer.
The
customer
complained
loudly
about
the
chips
again.
The
cook
became
very
angry
because
the
customer
was
so
rude.
He
decided
to
play
a
trick(戏弄)
on
the
customer.
He
cut
some
potatoes
so
thin
that
the
customer
wouldn’t
be
able
to
pick
them
up.
To
the
cook’s
surprise,
the
customer
loved
the
new
chips,
and
soon
other
customers
wanted
them
too.
People
went
home
to
tell
their
friends
about
this
new
food.
The
chips
became
so
popular
that
the
cook
opened
his
own
restaurant.
40.
The
best
title
for
this
passage
is
_____.
A.
The
story
of
potato
chips
B.
The
taste
of
potato
chips
C.
Ways
of
making
potato
chips
D.
A
trick
on
a
customer’s
potato
chips
Our
new
foreign
students
are
going
to
arrive
very
soon,
and
here
are
some
ways
to
communicate
with
them
politely.
How
close
do
you
stand
when
you
talk
to
a
friend?
You
can
stand
close
to
people
in
the
Middle
East
but
don’t
stand
too
close
to
North
Americans!
Give
them
more
personal
space.
Do
you
know
How
to
touch
people
correctly?
Chinese
girls
often
walk
arm
in
arm
with
their
friends.
South
Americans
sometimes
hold
your
arm
when
they
talk
to
you,
so
you
can’t
move
away!
But
in
Britain
many
people
don’t
like
other
people
to
touch
them
at
all.
Do
you
look
at
people
when
you
talk?
In
some
places,
it
isn’t
polite
to
look
at
people
when
you
talk,
but
in
other
countries
it
isn’t
polite
to
look
somewhere
else.
In
Britain
and
the
US,
people
usually
look
at
each
other
when
they
talk.
And
how
do
you
say
goodbye?
That’s
easy,
wave(挥手)
to
say
goodbye.
But
be
careful!
In
Greece,
it’s
not
at
all
polite!
In
fact,
it’s
very
rude!
(
).
What’s
the
best
title
of
this
passage?
A.
Saying
goodbye
B.
Touching
people
C.
Looking
at
people
D.
communicating
politely
Recently,
many
people
have
begun
to
try
a
new
way
of
doing
shopping
through
the
Internet.
They
are
interested
in
it.
Why
is
it
becoming
more
and
more
popular
now?
There
are
some
reasons.
First,
more
and
more
people
have
their
own
computers
and
their
computers
can
be
joined
with
the
Internet.
Second,
shopping
through
the
Internet
can
save
them
some
money
and
a
lot
of
time.
Third,
they
don’t
need
to
go
to
the
shop
.
On
the
other
hand
,
some
people
don’t
like
this
new
way
of
shopping.
They
are
worried
about
the
safety
of
shoppingonline.
And
they
can’t
enjoy
the
pleasure
of
buying
things.
These
are
the
reasons
why
they
don’t
like
it.
But
I
think
more
and
more
people
will
like
this
new
way
of
shopping
in
the
future.
1.
What’s
the
best
title
of
this
passage?
A.
Why
don’t
people
like
going
shopping?
B.
Shopping
through
the
Internet
is
very
popular.
C.
Why
do
people
like
shopping
online.
D.
How
do
people
shop
with
little
money.
summary
专项解题方法：
1.
首段指出中心;
尾段对全文进行总结归纳。
2.
学会在头脑中形成mind
map，更好把握文章中心。
注意：要理解文章作者的原意，
而不能按你自己的意愿去想当然。
四、词义猜测题
中考阅读理解试题中对于词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。要做好该类试题需要：利用上下文线索猜测词义(重述、定义、举例、同义词或近义词、反义词等)；根据语法知识猜测词义；根据上下文逻辑猜测词义；根据构词法猜测词义；根据常识或背景知识猜测词义等。
Question
forms:
The
word
“…”in
the
passage
probably
means_____.
The
underlined
word
means
_______.
What
does
the
word
“…”mean？____
The
word
“…”refers
to
_______.
The
close
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“…”
is
______
in
English.
根据上下文的对比关系来理解词义
【2014咸宁】As
always,
the
people
are
the
most
interesting
part.
A
Bite
of
China
2
shows
a
greater
dream—through
homemade
food,
it
tells
the
joys
and
sorrows
of
common
Chinese
in
changing
times,
according
to
director
Chen
Xiaoqing
of
the
documentary
series.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“sorrows”
mean
in
Chinese?
A.
故事
B.
伤害
C.
快乐
D.
悲伤
根据上下文的因果关系来理解词义
When
he
was
12
years
old,
he
got
his
first
job.
He
became
a
newsboy
on
a
train.
He
did
experiments
on
the
train
in
his
spare
time.
Unluckily,
his
first
work
experience
did
not
end
well.
They
fired
him
when
he
accidentally
set
fire
to
the
floor
of
the
train.
Then
Edison
worked
for
five
years
as
a
telegraph
operator,
but
he
continued
to
spend
much
of
his
time
in
experimenting
his
first
patent(专利权)
in
1868
for
a
vote
recorder
run
by
electricity.
The
underlined
word
“fired”
in
the
passage
means
“__________”.
A.
Gave
somebody
a
job
B.
Set
fire
to
somebody
C.
Let
somebody
down
D.
Forced
somebody
to
leave
his
job
根据上下文的论证关系来理解词义
Children
do
not
have
much
experience
or
knowledge.
However,
they
are
natural
dreamers.
We
should
not
laugh
at
them
for
being
naive.
Many
great
men
were
dreamers
when
they
were
children.
One
such
dreamer
was
Thomas
Edison.
He
used
to
be
ostracized
(排斥)
when
he
was
in
primary
school,
but
his
achievements
were
greater
than
everyone
else’s
in
his
time.
The
underlined
word
“naive”
in
the
passage
means
“______”
in
Chinese.
A.
逆反的
B.
幼稚的
C.
调皮的
D.
冲动的
summary
1.根据上下文进行逻辑上的推理猜测词义。
2.通过构词法猜词。
3.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词。
高分技巧
一、Step
One:略读(skimming)
Step
Two:查读(scanning)
Step
Three:研读(study
reading)
skimming弄清文章大意
scanning寻找所需信息
studyreading准确理解含义
二、1.关注起承转合的过渡词，如however，but，moreover，therefore，hence，
thus，nevertheless等，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。
2.
警惕语气绝对的词，如：must,
never,
the
most,
all,
merely,
only,
have
to,
any,
no,
none，completely,absolutely
等，通常不是答案
3.
关注试探性语气的词，如probably,?
possibly,??may,?usually,?might,??more?or?less,relatively,?be?likely?to,?not?necessary,?，tend?to，be?liable?to，往往是答案
三、了解题目设计常考位置
因果关系处
转折处
引言处
列举处
比较处
高分实战
（293词）2015
One
morning
Ann’s
neighbor(邻居)
Tracy
found
a
lost
dog
near
the
local
school.
She
asked
Ann
if
she
could
keep
an
eye
on
the
dog.
Ann
said
that
she
could
watch
it
only
for
the
day.
Tracy
took
photos
of
the
dog
and
printed
off
400
FOUND
fliers(传单)，and
put
them
in
mailboxes.
At
the
same
time,
Ann
went
to
the
animal
shop
and
bought
some
pet
food,
warning
her
two
sons
not
to
fall
in
love
with
the
dog.
Ann’s
son
Thomas
was
10
years
old,
and
Jack,
who
had
just
had
a
heart
operation(手术),
was
12
years
old.
Four
days
later
Ann
was
still
looking
after
the
dog,
which
they
had
started
to
call
Riley.
When
she
arrived
home
from
work,
the
dog
threw
itself
against
the
door
and
barked(吠)
madly
at
her.
As
soon
as
she
opened
the
door,
Riley
ran
into
the
boys’
room
where
Ann
found
Jack
lying
with
the
serious
heart
illness.
Riley
ran
over
to
Jack,
but
as
soon
as
Ann
began
to
help
him,
the
dog
became
quiet.
“If
it
hadn’t
come
to
get
me,
the
doctor
said
Jack
would
have
died,”
Ann
reported
to
a
local
newspaper.
At
this
point,
no
one
had
called
to
ask
back
the
dog,
so
Ann
decided
to
keep
it.
The
next
morning
Tracy
got
a
call.
A
man
named
Peter
saw
his
lost
dog
from
the
flier.
Tracy
started
crying,
and
told
him,
“That
dog
saved
my
friend’s
son.”
Peter
drove
to
Ann’s
house
to
pick
up
his
dog,
and
saw
Thomas
and
Jack
crying
in
the
window.
After
a
few
moments
Peter
said,
“Maybe
Odie
was
happy
to
find
you,
maybe
you
should
keep
it.”
37.
What
did
Tracy
do
after
finding
the
dog?
A.
She
looked
for
its
owner.
B.
She
gave
it
to
Ann
as
gift.
C.
She
sold
it
to
the
animal
store.
D.
She
bought
some
food
for
it.
38.
How
did
the
dog
help
save
Jack?
A.
By
breaking
the
door
for
Ann.
B.
By
leading
Ann
to
Jack’s
room.
C.
By
carrying
Jack
out
of
the
room.
D.
By
looking
after
Jack
when
Ann
was
out.
39.
Peter
called
Tracy
in
order
to
_____.
A.
take
back
his
dog
B.
return
the
flier
to
het
C.
help
her
friend’s
son
D.
have
a
talk
with
Tracy
40.
From
the
last
paragraph
we
can
know
that
the
dog
would
be
___.
A.
sold
at
last
B.
kept
by
Ann’s
family
C.
returned
to
Peter
D.
taken
away
by
Tracy
(2019河北)
(2019河北)What
are
you
holding
in
your
hand
while
you
are
taking
the
examination?
Right.
A
pen.
Though
it
is
small,
the
pen
has
changed
the
history,
improved
the
trade
of
countries,
recorded
events,
carried
news,
and
done
far
more
work
for
human
beings
than
all
other
tools.
Progress
without
it
would
have
been
almost
impossible.
The
invention
of
the
wheel,
the
introduction
of
steam
engine(蒸汽机),
the
use
of
electricity,
all
these
have
changed
the
lives
of
millions
of
people,
but
the
pen
has
done
more.
It
has
taken
away
mountains,
and
it
has
prepared
the
way
for
all
progress
and
development
of
the
society.
In
the
past
the
pen
did
all
the
work
if
you
wanted
to
keep
any
writing
for
some
time.
The
lawyers
took
up
their
pens
and
wrote
the
law
of
the
country
from
the
days?when
papyrus(纸莎草纸)
was
first
used.
The
most
famous
letters
in
the
world
were
written
with
a
pen.
It
was
with
a
pen
that
the
greatest
thinkers
of
all
time
wrote
down
their
thoughts.
The
pen
is
very?utilitarian.
We
cannot
sign
a
bill
or
write
a
letter
or
buy
a
house
without
our
pen.?An
agreement
is
worthless
till
our
name
is
written
with
a
pen.
The
writers
encourage
the
world
with
it.
The
students
take
their
examinations?with
it
as
well.
Our
coming
into
the
world
is
recorded
with
a
pen.
Before
we
have
been
at
school,
our
name
is
written
on
the
name
list
with
a
pen.
We
cannot
be
married
till
we
have
signed.
A
pen
records
the
important
events
in
our
life.
Let
us
remember
that
we
hold
in
our
hand
the
most
powerful
instrument
which
man
owns.
The
pen
is
a
magic
tool.
Whenever
you
use
it,
enjoy
it.
56.
What’s
is
the
writer
trying
to
do
in
this
passage?
A.
Describe
what
a
pen
looks
like.?
???
???
?
B.
Introduce
the
history
of
the
pen.
C.
Advise
people
to
prepare
a
new
pen.?
???
??D.
Show
the
importance
of
the
pen.
57.
The
word
“mountains”
in
the
third
paragraph
refers
to(指代)
“something
to
________”.
A.
explain
the
use
of
electricity?
???
???
?
B.
lower
the
students’
scores
C.
stop
the
social
development?
???
???
?
D.
change
the
law
of
the
country
58.
The
lawyers
started
to
write
the
law
of
the
country
_______.
A.
before
their
thoughts
were
changed?
???
??B.
when
papyrus
was
first
used
C.
as
soon
as
they
recorded
their
names?
???
?
D.
after
they
took
an
important
exam
59.
The
underlined
word
“utilitarian”
in
the
passage
means
“______”.
A.
cheap?
???
???
???
?
B.
boring?
???
???
?
C.
special?
???
???
??D.
useful
60.
What
is
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.
A
Powerful
Tool?
???
???
???
???
???
?
B.
An
Important
Law
C.
A
Valuable
Record?
???
???
???
???
?
D.
An?Exciting
Event
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阅读理解
中考题型系列之——
阅读理解题型
Reading
Comprehension
阅读理解微技能
Question
forms
高分技巧
High
Grades
高分实战
Have
a
try
CONTENTS
阅读理解题型
Reading
Comprehension
Senior
high
school
Entrance
Examination
书面表达
交际运用
听力
词汇积累
语法考察
基础知识
阅读理解
Reading
makes
up
about
40%
of
the
score.
Sample
Text.
判断型
能根据上下文和构词法推断、判断题干或选项的正误
选择型
能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息
排序型
能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，
预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局
匹配性
能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义
填空型
能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系
01
02
03
04
05
06
阅读理解题型
回答问题型
能够概括理解文章主题，理解作者意图
04
05
06
01
02
03
说明文、议论文为主
说明文、记叙文为主
阅读理解文章类型
Science
Society
culture
Customs
History
Stories
细节理解题
questions
of
details
01
02
03
04
词义猜测题
words
in
context
推理判断题
questions
of
inference
主旨归纳题
main
idea
判断题目类型
做出正确选择
Make
your
choice
选择型阅读理解
阅读理解微技能
Reading
method
细节理解题
推理判断题
主旨归纳题
词义猜测题
阅读理解题考查方式与比重
细节理解题
1.细节理解题
细节理解题在中考英语阅读理解试题中所占比例最大，但这部分题目相对来说比较简单，只要通过题干的关键词，在文中找到题目的相关信息，仔细对比，就能得出答案。其正确选项特征为：同义替换、语言简化、正话反说等。其干扰项特征为：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非等。
01
02
03
疑问句式
以5W1H(what，who，when，where，why和how)等开头的特殊疑问句。
是非题的形式
常含true
(except)，not
right/correct
(except)等词语。
不完整的陈述句式
According
to...，before...，Americans
had
little
idea
about
细节理解题
常见的题干设问形式：
1
2
3
是非题的形式
不完整陈述句式
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
(not)
true/correct?
All
the
statements
are
true
except
________.
What
did...plan
to
do
after...?
Which
is
the
right
order
of
the
events
given
in
the
passage?
How
did
...happen?
Which...is
close
to...?
Americans
had
little
idea
about
________.
To
keep
healthy，people
are
advised
________.
By
the
first
sentence
of
the
passage，the
author
means
that
________.
疑问句式
细节理解题
常见的题干设问形式：
细节理解题
37.
According
to
the
passage,
______
were
very
popular
about
150
years
ago.
A.
potato
chips
B.
hamburgers
C.
sandwiches
D.
French
fries
b
1
One
day,
almost
150
years
ago,
a
cook
in
an
expensive
restaurant
in
New
York
2State
was
preparing
popular
food
---
French
fries.
A
customer
in
the
restaurant
didn’t
3like
the
French
fries,
and
complained(抱怨)
because
they
were
too
thick.
The
cook
cut
4some
potatoes
into
thinner
pieces
and
fried
them.
The
waiter
brought
them
to
the
5customer.
The
customer
tasted
them,
and
asked
to
see
the
cook
because
he
was
still
6not
satisfied.
√
To
look
for
details.
直接查找细节题
细节理解题
39.
The
correct
order(顺序)
of
the
following
sentences
is
_____.
①
The
cook
opened
his
own
restaurant.
②
The
customer
complained
about
the
French
fries
because
they
were
too
thick.
③
The
cook
worked
in
an
expensive
restaurant
in
New
York
State.
④
To
the
cook’s
surprise,
the
customer
loved
the
new
chips.
⑤
The
cook
played
a
trick
on
the
customer.
A.③④⑤②①
B.
①②④⑤③
C.
③②⑤④①
D.
⑤③①②④
To
look
for
details
在文中找出相应的句子，再进行排序。
细节理解题
a
What
is
the
most
popular
fast
food
today?
Potato
chips?
Hamburgers?
Or
Sandwiches?
Walk
into
almost
any
supermarket
or
corner
store
in
America
and
you
will
see
potato
chips.
Americans
are
the
biggest
eaters
of
potato
chips
and
people
in
many
other
parts
of
the
world
enjoy
them
too.
Do
you
know
where
this
very
popular
fast
food
comes
from?
b
One
day,
almost
150
years
ago,
a
cook
in
an
expensive
restaurant
in
New
York
State
was
preparing
popular
food
---
French
fries.
A
customer
in
the
restaurant
didn’t
like
the
French
fries,
and
complained(抱怨)
because
they
were
too
thick.
The
cook
cut
some
potatoes
into
thinner
pieces
and
fried
them.
The
waiter
brought
them
to
the
customer.
The
customer
tasted
them,
and
asked
to
see
the
cook
because
he
was
still
not
satisfied.
c
The
cook
went
to
speak
to
the
customer.
The
customer
complained
loudly
about
the
chips
again.
The
cook
became
very
angry
because
the
customer
was
so
rude.
He
decided
to
play
a
trick(戏弄)
on
the
customer.
He
cut
some
potatoes
so
thin
that
the
customer
wouldn’t
be
able
to
pick
them
up.
To
the
cook’s
surprise,
the
customer
loved
the
new
chips,
and
soon
other
customers
wanted
them
too.
People
went
home
to
tell
their
friends
about
this
new
food.
The
chips
became
so
popular
that
the
cook
opened
his
own
restaurant.
①
②
③
④
⑤
39.
The
correct
order(顺序)
of
the
following
sentences
is
_____.
①
The
cook
opened
his
own
restaurant.
②
The
customer
complained
about
the
French
fries
because
they
were
too
thick.
③
The
cook
worked
in
an
expensive
restaurant
in
New
York
State.
④
To
the
cook’s
surprise,
the
customer
loved
the
new
chips.
⑤
The
cook
played
a
trick
on
the
customer.
A.③④⑤②①
B.
①②④⑤③
C.
③②⑤④①
D.
⑤③①②④
√
细节理解
细心审题
直接就题找答案
变通理解
间接转述找答案
多点归纳
综合事实找答案
细节理解题
细节理解和细节判断
解题技巧：
推理判断题
2.推理判断题
推理判断题考查考生根据字面意思，通过逻辑关系，研究细节，推敲作者的态度，理解文章寓意的能力。推理判断题涉及的可能是文中一句或几句话，甚至是文章或段落的主题，弄清正确选项或干扰选项特征是做题的关键。其正确选项特征为：立足原文，只推一步；一般不可出现绝对概念。其干扰选项特征为：曲解文意、张冠李戴、偷梁换柱、无中生有、鱼目混珠、扩缩范围等。
推理判断题
a
Wang
Yan,
a
15-year-old
Chinese
girl,
likes
eating
snacks
very
much.
She
prefers
cream
biscuits,
McDonald’s
hamburgers
and
KFC
chicken.
As
a
result,
she
has
become
overweight.
b
Today
in
China,
there
are
many
children
like
Wang
Yan.
Health
experts
say
children
should
have
healthy
eating
habits.
First,
they
must
eat
regular
meals
and
begin
with
a
healthy
breakfast.
Second,
they
should
have
different
kinds
of
foods
such
as
fruit,
vegetables,
grain,
eggs,
milk
and
meat.
Third,
children
shouldn’t
eat
too
much
junk
food.
It
is
delicious,
but
eating
it
often
is
bad
for
their
health.
If
children
do
as
the
experts
say,
they
won’t
become
overweight.
They
will
be
healthier.
Students
won’t
become
tired
at
school,
and
they
will
have
enough
energy
to
study
hard.
What
will
be
the
result
if
we
do
as
the
experts
say?
We
will
be
_______.
A.
overweight
B.
healthier
C.
tired
at
school
D.
confident
推理判断题
【解析】本题属于事实推断题
这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。
文章第一段讲述了Wang
Yan因为不注意饮食而超重。接着。文章说到Health
experts
say
children
should
have
healthy
eating
habits.
因此，可以推断此题答案为B。
推理判断题
a
We
always
celebrated
Dad’s
birthday
on
Thanksgiving
Day,
even
after
he
entered
a
nursing
home.
When
we
knew
it
might
be
his
last
birthday,
the
whole
family
decided
to
get
together
for
a
huge
birthday
celebration
at
the
nursing
home.
b
Dad
was
a
good
storyteller
and
we
were
always
his
listeners.
During
a
quiet
moment,
I
announced
it
was
now
Dad’s
turn
to
listen
to
stories
for
a
change.
I
wanted
everyone
to
tell
Dad
what
we
loved
about
him.
The
room
became
quiet.
Then
one
after
another,
people
told
stories
from
their
hearts,
while
Dad
listened
with
tears
in
eyes.
c
Everyone
seemed
to
have
more
than
one
story.
Even
the
little
grandchildren
couldn’t
wait
to
tell
Dad
why
they
loved
him.
For
a
man
who
had
been
kind
to
so
many
hundreds
of
people
in
his
life,
here
was
our
chance
to
tell
him
how
much
we
love
him.
A
few
months
later,
at
Dad’s
memorial
service,
we
more
fully
realized
what
we
had
given
to
Dad
that
night.
Those
are
the
stories
people
normally
tell
at
a
funeral
(葬礼)
after
a
loved
one
is
no
longer
alive
to
hear
the
words.
They
tell
stories,
full
of
tears.
But
we
had
given
those
memories
to
Dad
in
his
life,
and
we
had
told
them
through
laughter,
together
with
hugs
and
joy.
He
had
them
to
hold
and
enjoyed
them
from
time
to
time
in
his
mind
during
his
last
days
and
months.
d
Words
do
matter,
and
they
are
enough.
We
just
need
to
say
them
or
to
speak
them
publicly
to
the
ones
we
love.
That’s
the
ways
to
give
back
love
and
that’s
our
chance
to
celebrate
a
person
in
his
or
her
life.
推理判断题
From
the
passage,
we
know
the
writer’s
father
was
______
to
hear
the
stories.
A.
surprised
B.
moved
C.
sad
D.
frustrated
【评析】本题属于逻辑推理判断题
这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉。
根据文章的第二段的Then
one
after
another,
people
told
stories
from
their
hearts,
while
Dad
listened
with
tears
in
eyes.
可知爸爸听到这些故事感动得流泪。故选B。
推理判断题
如何推测文章的观点或结论
★
答题窍门：这类问题问的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部观点，可能只是文章中的某一观点。但要推测出文中的某一观点，仍离不开对全文主要观点或中心思想的把握。
如何推断文章的隐含意义
★
干扰选项：（1）文章中直接表达的信息；
（2）无关紧要或片面推出的结论；
（3）完全相反的结论等。
★
答题误区：考生易误选文章中直接表达的信息的选项或片面的结论选项。
★
答题窍门：（1）全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论；
（2）忠实于原文，切忌脱离原文，凭空臆断；
（3）切忌选择表层信息选项，应该立足由已知推断未知。
主旨归纳题
3.主旨大意题
主旨大意题主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中心大意、段落大意、选择标题及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。其正确选项特征为：涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段；确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小；精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。其干扰选项特征为：过于笼统，不知所云；以偏概全，主次不分；移花接木，偷换概念；无中生有，生搬硬套等。
03
04
05
What’s
the
main
idea（主要大意）
of
the
passage?
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title（标题）
for
the
passage?
The
writer
writes
the
article
to
_______.
This
passage
is
mainly
about….
What’s
the
topic（话题）
of
the
text?
01
02
主旨归纳题
Question
forms:
主旨归纳题
a
What
is
the
most
popular
fast
food
today?
Potato
chips?
Hamburgers?
Or
Sandwiches?
Walk
into
almost
any
supermarket
or
corner
store
in
America
and
you
will
see
potato
chips.
Americans
are
the
biggest
eaters
of
potato
chips
and
people
in
many
other
parts
of
the
world
enjoy
them
too.
Do
you
know
where
this
very
popular
fast
food
comes
from?
b
One
day,
almost
150
years
ago,
a
cook
in
an
expensive
restaurant
in
New
York
State
was
preparing
popular
food
---
French
fries.
A
customer
in
the
restaurant
didn’t
like
the
French
fries,
and
complained(抱怨)
because
they
were
too
thick.
The
cook
cut
some
potatoes
into
thinner
pieces
and
fried
them.
The
waiter
brought
them
to
the
customer.
The
customer
tasted
them,
and
asked
to
see
the
cook
because
he
was
still
not
satisfied.
c
The
cook
went
to
speak
to
the
customer.
The
customer
complained
loudly
about
the
chips
again.
The
cook
became
very
angry
because
the
customer
was
so
rude.
He
decided
to
play
a
trick(戏弄)
on
the
customer.
He
cut
some
potatoes
so
thin
that
the
customer
wouldn’t
be
able
to
pick
them
up.
To
the
cook’s
surprise,
the
customer
loved
the
new
chips,
and
soon
other
customers
wanted
them
too.
People
went
home
to
tell
their
friends
about
this
new
food.
The
chips
became
so
popular
that
the
cook
opened
his
own
restaurant.
主题归纳题
40.
The
best
title
for
this
passage
is
_____.
A.
The
story
of
potato
chips
B.
The
taste
of
potato
chips
C.
Ways
of
making
potato
chips
D.
A
trick
on
a
customer’s
potato
chips
√
点津
解答各类命题时往往是多法并举，而不是一种方法解决一种题。
主题归纳题
Our
new
foreign
students
are
going
to
arrive
very
soon,
and
here
are
some
ways
to
communicate
with
them
politely.
How
close
do
you
stand
when
you
talk
to
a
friend?
You
can
stand
close
to
people
in
the
Middle
East
but
don’t
stand
too
close
to
North
Americans!
Give
them
more
personal
space.
Do
you
know
How
to
touch
people
correctly?
Chinese
girls
often
walk
arm
in
arm
with
their
friends.
South
Americans
sometimes
hold
your
arm
when
they
talk
to
you,
so
you
can’t
move
away!
But
in
Britain
many
people
don’t
like
other
people
to
touch
them
at
all.
Do
you
look
at
people
when
you
talk?
In
some
places,
it
isn’t
polite
to
look
at
people
when
you
talk,
but
in
other
countries
it
isn’t
polite
to
look
somewhere
else.
In
Britain
and
the
US,
people
usually
look
at
each
other
when
they
talk.
And
how
do
you
say
goodbye?
That’s
easy,
wave（挥手）
to
say
goodbye.
But
be
careful!
In
Greece,
it’s
not
at
all
polite!
In
fact,
it’s
very
rude!
(
).
What’s
the
best
title
of
this
passage?
A.
Saying
goodbye
B.
Touching
people
C.
Looking
at
people
D.
communicating
politely
D
【2018中考题】
主题归纳题
Why
is
it
becoming
more
and
more
popular
now?
There
are
some
reasons.
First,
more
and
more
people
have
their
own
computers
and
their
computers
can
be
joined
with
the
Internet.
Second,
shopping
through
the
Internet
can
save
them
some
money
and
a
lot
of
time.
Third,
they
don’t
need
to
go
to
the
shop
.
Recently,
many
people
have
begun
to
try
a
new
way
of
doing
shopping
through
the
Internet.
They
are
interested
in
it.
On
the
other
hand
,
some
people
don’t
like
this
new
way
of
shopping.
They
are
worried
about
the
safety
of
shopping
online.
And
they
can’t
enjoy
the
pleasure
of
buying
things.
These
are
the
reasons
why
they
don’t
like
it.
But
I
think
more
and
more
people
will
like
this
new
way
of
shopping
in
the
future.
shopping
through
the
Internet
become
more
popular
Some
people
don’t
like
it
why
first
second
third
why
safety
pleasure
Writer:
More
and
more
people
will
like
it.
(
)
1.
What’s
the
best
title
of
this
passage?
A.
Why
don’t
people
like
going
shopping?
B.
Shopping
through
the
Internet
is
very
popular.
C.
Why
do
people
like
shopping
online.
D.
How
do
people
shop
with
little
money.
B
Mind
Map
主题归纳题
If?you?look?at?the?sky?one?night?and?see?something?moving?and?shining?that?you?
have?never?seen?before,?it?might?be?a?comet?(
彗星
).?
?
?
A?
comet?
sometimes?
looks?
like?
a?
star.?
Like?
a?
planet,?
a?
comet?
has?
no?
light?
of?
its?
own.?It?shines?from?the?sunlight?it?reflects?(
反射
).?Like?the?earth,?a?comet?goes?
round?the?sun,?but?on?a?much?longer?path?(
轨道
)?than?the?earth?travels.
If?you?look?at?the?sky?one?night?and?see?something?moving?and?shining?that?you?
have?never?seen?before,?it?might?be?a?comet?(
彗星
).?
?
?
A?
comet?
sometimes?
looks?
like?
a?
star.?
Like?
a?
planet,?
a?
comet?
has?
no?
light?
of?
its?
own.?It?shines?from?the?sunlight?it?reflects?(
反射
).?Like?the?earth,?a?comet?goes?
round?the?sun,?but?on?a?much?longer?path?(
轨道
)?than?the?earth?travels.
专项解题方法：
1.
2.
首段指出中心;
尾段对全文进行总结归纳。
学会在头脑中形成mind
map，更好把握文章中心。
注意：要理解文章作者的原意，
而不能按你自己的意愿去想当然。
词义猜测题
4.词义猜测题
中考阅读理解试题中对于词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。要做好该类试题需要：利用上下文线索猜测词义(重述、定义、举例、同义词或近义词、反义词等)；根据语法知识猜测词义；根据上下文逻辑猜测词义；根据构词法猜测词义；根据常识或背景知识猜测词义等。
The
word
“…”in
the
passage
probably
means_____.
The
close
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“…”
is
______
in
English.
The
word
“…”refers
to
_______.
What
does
the
word
“…”
mean？____
The
underlined
word
means
_______.
02
03
04
05
01
词义猜测题
Question
forms:
词义猜测
根据上下文的对比关系来理解词义
【2014咸宁】As
always,
the
people
are
the
most
interesting
part.
A
Bite
of
China
2
shows
a
greater
dream—through
homemade
food,
it
tells
the
joys
and
sorrows
of
common
Chinese
in
changing
times,
according
to
director
Chen
Xiaoqing
of
the
documentary
series.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“sorrows”
mean
in
Chinese?
A.
故事
B.
伤害
C.
快乐
D.
悲伤
【评析】划线单词“sorrows”的词义可以根据前面一词joys（快乐）来理解。根据对比关系可知其含义是“悲伤”，意指“普通中国人的快乐与悲伤”，故选D。
词义猜测题
根据上下文的因果关系来理解词义
When
he
was
12
years
old,
he
got
his
first
job.
He
became
a
newsboy
on
a
train.
He
did
experiments
on
the
train
in
his
spare
time.
Unluckily,
his
first
work
experience
did
not
end
well.
They
fired
him
when
he
accidentally
set
fire
to
the
floor
of
the
train.
Then
Edison
worked
for
five
years
as
a
telegraph
operator,
but
he
continued
to
spend
much
of
his
time
in
experimenting
his
first
patent(专利权)
in
1868
for
a
vote
recorder
run
by
electricity.
The
underlined
word
“fired”
in
the
passage
means
“__________”.
A.
Gave
somebody
a
job
B.
Set
fire
to
somebody
C.
Let
somebody
down
D.
Forced
somebody
to
leave
his
job
【评析】Unluckily,
his
first
work
experience
did
not
end
well.
和They
fired
him
when
he
accidentally
set
fire
to
the
floor
of
the
train.是解释关系的语段。因此，划线单词一定是说明他的工作经历不好。结合后面的原因细节：他不小心烧毁了火车的地板，可以猜测结果他一定是被解雇了，故选D。
词义猜测题
根据上下文的论证关系来理解词义
Children
do
not
have
much
experience
or
knowledge.
However,
they
are
natural
dreamers.
We
should
not
laugh
at
them
for
being
naive.
Many
great
men
were
dreamers
when
they
were
children.
One
such
dreamer
was
Thomas
Edison.
He
used
to
be
ostracized
(排斥)
when
he
was
in
primary
school,
but
his
achievements
were
greater
than
everyone
else’s
in
his
time.
The
underlined
word
“naive”
in
the
passage
means
“______”
in
Chinese.
A.
逆反的
B.
幼稚的
C.
调皮的
D.
冲动的
【评析】文中的We
should
not
laugh
at
them
for
being
na?ve.是作者的一个观点。而其提供的论据就是Many
great
men
were
dreamers
when
they
were
children.，意思是“很多伟人孩提之时就是梦想家”。而孩子通常都是很幼稚的。故前者的意思应该是“我们不应该因为它们很幼稚而嘲笑他们”。故选B。
根据上下文进行逻辑上的推理猜测词义。
通过构词法猜词。
通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词。
词义猜测题
专项解题方法：
高分技巧
High
grades
Step
One:
略读(skimming)
Step
Two:
查读(scanning)
Step
Three:
研读(study
reading)
高分技巧
skimming弄清文章大意
scanning寻找所需信息
studyreading准确理解含义
高分技巧
??
1.关注起承转合的过渡词，如however，but，moreover，therefore，hence，
thus，nevertheless等，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。
2.
警惕语气绝对的词，如：must,
never,
the
most,
all,
merely,
only,
have
to,
any,
no,
none，completely,absolutely
等，通常不是答案
3.
关注试探性语气的词，如probably,?
possibly,??may,?usually,?might,??more?or?less,relatively,?be?likely?to,?not?necessary,?，tend?to，be?liable?to，往往是答案
高分技巧
了解题目设计常考位置
因果关系处
转折处
引言处
列举处
比较处
高分实战
Have
a
try
高分实战
C（293词）2015
One
morning
Ann’s
neighbor(邻居)
Tracy
found
a
lost
dog
near
the
local
school.
She
asked
Ann
if
she
could
keep
an
eye
on
the
dog.
Ann
said
that
she
could
watch
it
only
for
the
day.
Tracy
took
photos
of
the
dog
and
printed
off
400
FOUND
fliers(传单)，and
put
them
in
mailboxes.
At
the
same
time,
Ann
went
to
the
animal
shop
and
bought
some
pet
food,
warning
her
two
sons
not
to
fall
in
love
with
the
dog.
Ann’s
son
Thomas
was
10
years
old,
and
Jack,
who
had
just
had
a
heart
operation(手术),
was
12
years
old.
Four
days
later
Ann
was
still
looking
after
the
dog,
which
they
had
started
to
call
Riley.
When
she
arrived
home
from
work,
the
dog
threw
itself
against
the
door
and
barked(吠)
madly
at
her.
As
soon
as
she
opened
the
door,
Riley
ran
into
the
boys’
room
where
Ann
found
Jack
lying
with
the
serious
heart
illness.
Riley
ran
over
to
Jack,
but
as
soon
as
Ann
began
to
help
him,
the
dog
became
quiet.
“If
it
hadn’t
come
to
get
me,
the
doctor
said
Jack
would
have
died,”
Ann
reported
to
a
local
newspaper.
At
this
point,
no
one
had
called
to
ask
back
the
dog,
so
Ann
decided
to
keep
it.
The
next
morning
Tracy
got
a
call.
A
man
named
Peter
saw
his
lost
dog
from
the
flier.
Tracy
started
crying,
and
told
him,
“That
dog
saved
my
friend’s
son.”
Peter
drove
to
Ann’s
house
to
pick
up
his
dog,
and
saw
Thomas
and
Jack
crying
in
the
window.
After
a
few
moments
Peter
said,
“Maybe
Odie
was
happy
to
find
you,
maybe
you
should
keep
it.”
高分实战
Read
the
passage
carefully
and
try
to
make
a
mind
map
yourself.
Have
a
try
!
高分实战
Ann
Tracy
Thomas
Jack
Peter
a
dog
Odie
Ann’s
neighbour
Ann’s
sons
peter’s
dog
found
a
dog
named
the
dog
kept
an
eye
on
the
dog
Riley
the
dog’s
real
name
高分实战
37.
What
did
Tracy
do
after
finding
the
dog?
A.
She
looked
for
its
owner.
B.
She
gave
it
to
Ann
as
gift.
C.
She
sold
it
to
the
animal
store.
D.
She
bought
some
food
for
it.
38.
How
did
the
dog
help
save
Jack?
A.
By
breaking
the
door
for
Ann.
B.
By
leading
Ann
to
Jack’s
room.
C.
By
carrying
Jack
out
of
the
room.
D.
By
looking
after
Jack
when
Ann
was
out.
39.
Peter
called
Tracy
in
order
to
_____.
A.
take
back
his
dog
B.
return
the
flier
to
het
C.
help
her
friend’s
son
D.
have
a
talk
with
Tracy
√
√
√
40.
From
the
last
paragraph
we
can
know
that
the
dog
would
be
___.
A.
sold
at
last
B.
kept
by
Ann’s
family
C.
returned
to
Peter
D.
taken
away
by
Tracy
√
高分实战
(2019河北)What
are
you
holding
in
your
hand
while
you
are
taking
the
examination?
Right.
A
pen.
Though
it
is
small,
the
pen
has
changed
the
history,
improved
the
trade
of
countries,
recorded
events,
carried
news,
and
done
far
more
work
for
human
beings
than
all
other
tools.
Progress
without
it
would
have
been
almost
impossible.
The
invention
of
the
wheel,
the
introduction
of
steam
engine(蒸汽机),
the
use
of
electricity,
all
these
have
changed
the
lives
of
millions
of
people,
but
the
pen
has
done
more.
It
has
taken
away
mountains,
and
it
has
prepared
the
way
for
all
progress
and
development
of
the
society.
In
the
past
the
pen
did
all
the
work
if
you
wanted
to
keep
any
writing
for
some
time.
The
lawyers
took
up
their
pens
and
wrote
the
law
of
the
country
from
the
days
when
papyrus(纸莎草纸)
was
first
used.
The
most
famous
letters
in
the
world
were
written
with
a
pen.
It
was
with
a
pen
that
the
greatest
thinkers
of
all
time
wrote
down
their
thoughts.
高分实战
The
pen
is
very
utilitarian.
We
cannot
sign
a
bill
or
write
a
letter
or
buy
a
house
without
our
pen.
An
agreement
is
worthless
till
our
name
is
written
with
a
pen.
The
writers
encourage
the
world
with
it.
The
students
take
their
examinations
with
it
as
well.
Our
coming
into
the
world
is
recorded
with
a
pen.
Before
we
have
been
at
school,
our
name
is
written
on
the
name
list
with
a
pen.
We
cannot
be
married
till
we
have
signed.
A
pen
records
the
important
events
in
our
life.
Let
us
remember
that
we
hold
in
our
hand
the
most
powerful
instrument
which
man
owns.
The
pen
is
a
magic
tool.
Whenever
you
use
it,
enjoy
it.
56.
What’s
is
the
writer
trying
to
do
in
this
passage?
A.
Describe
what
a
pen
looks
like.
B.
Introduce
the
history
of
the
pen.
C.
Advise
people
to
prepare
a
new
pen.
D.
Show
the
importance
of
the
pen.
57.
The
word
“mountains”
in
the
third
paragraph
refers
to(指代)
“something
to
________”.
A.
explain
the
use
of
electricity
B.
lower
the
students’
scores
C.
stop
the
social
development
D.
change
the
law
of
the
country
主旨大意题
词义猜测题
高分实战
58.
The
lawyers
started
to
write
the
law
of
the
country
_______.
A.
before
their
thoughts
were
changed
B.
when
papyrus
was
first
used
C.
as
soon
as
they
recorded
their
names
D.
after
they
took
an
important
exam
59.
The
underlined
word
“utilitarian”
in
the
passage
means
“______”.
A.
cheap
B.
boring
C.
special
D.
useful
60.
What
is
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.
A
Powerful
Tool
B.
An
Important
Law
C.
A
Valuable
Record
D.
An
Exciting
Event
细节理解题
词义猜测题
主旨大意题
高分实战
Questions
Mistakes
To
look
for
details
To
guess
the
meaning
To
find
the
main
idea
To
infer…
My
score
is
__________.
I
should
try
harder
in
___________.
Thank
you中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
考重点题型系列之
——阅读理解
学生课堂手稿student
handout
答案及解析
阅读微技能
【答案】
细节理解题
D
C
推理判断题
B
B
主旨大意题
A
D
B
词义猜测题
D
B
B本文第一句的谚语One
thorn
of
experience
is
worth
many
times
of
warning.“一次痛彻心扉的经历，抵得上千百次的劝
高分实战
Practice
1
【答案】A
B
A
B
Practice
1
体裁：说明文
话题：22.?发明与技术
话题：23.?历史与社会
词数：302
【答案】56-60
DCBDA
【解析】
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中主要论述了钢笔在人类生活中的重要作用。
56.
D?主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是钢笔在人类生活中的重要作用。故选D。
57.
C?词义猜测题。联系下文“it
has
prepared
the
way
for
all
progress
and
development
of
the
society”可知，这个单词指的是“阻碍社会发展的事物”。故选C。
58.
B?细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“The
lawyers
took
up
their
pens
and
wrote
the
law
of
the
country
from
the
day
when
papyrus(纸莎草纸)
was
first
used.”可知，当纸莎草纸最初被使用时律师就开始书写国家的法律。故选B。
59.
D?词义猜测题。本段主要接受了钢笔在签账单，写信，签协议，作家写作和学生考试中的作用。因此这个单词意思是“有用的”。故选D。
60.
A?标题归纳题。阅读短文可知，本文主要讲述的是钢笔在人类生活中的重要作用，说明了钢笔是一个强大的工具。故选A。
Ann’s
neighbour
the
dog’s
real
name
Ann
Tracy
Thomas
Jack
Peter
a
dog
Odie
Ann’s
sons
peter’s
dog
found
a
dog
named
the
dog
kept
an
eye
on
the
dog
Riley
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