中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(
高考阅读理解之应用文
)
一、命题分析
应用文不同于其他文体的文章，其目的是为了向读者传输信息，措辞简洁明了，直截了当，主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对较容易。
二、题型概述
应用文的类型主要有：广告，规则、通知、咨询问答、注意事项等，指南，书评、问卷调查、告示、参观须知、申请书、个人简介等。一般说来，应用文英语阅读试题具有以下特点：选材信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活；内容生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章的结构更鲜明。语言上人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。
选项特点
1．正确选项的特点
(1)应用文主要是为了向读者传递信息，措辞简洁明了，一般来说，和所述问题无关的文字不会出现。例如很多文章没有标题，甚至通篇没有一个完整的句子，而是用词、数字、缩写、短语等来替代。
(2)信息量大，文句精练，形式灵活，用最小的篇幅表述最大量的信息。
(3)选项会有生僻的专有名词，如人名、地名、机构名、组织名、书籍名、作品名等等，而且没有汉语注释。缩略词、祈使句、省略句多。
2．干扰选项的特点
(1)对词汇量考查不断加大，非考纲词汇有所增加(主要为词根加上前、后缀或有词义转化的词)。
(2)表层意义理解题减少，深层含义理解题增多。
四、解题技法
审题口诀：
应用文体较容易，快速浏览明大意。
跳读内容重细节，亦可舍文先读题。
相关内容细比对，信息吻合破无机。
[方法1].先题后文法
应用文体文章比较长，此时我们不必记住所有信息，可以先阅读题目，带着问题阅读，多注意细节，如时间、地点、人物或数据等，简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。尤其是广告文章的阅读一般采取跳读、略读等快速阅读法，快速浏览信息，搜索对比。对文中信息的快速处理能力是考查阅读理解能力的重要方面。
【典例剖析】
(You
may
read
the
questions
first.)
History
Fair
Competition
Understanding
history
is
vital
to
understanding
ourselves
as
a
people
and
as
a
nation.
History
is
much
more
than
the
study
of
dusty
old
objects
and
events
long
past.
It
is
an
essential
part
of
who
we
are
today
and
who
we
will
become.
Thornton
Middle
School
History
Fair
Competition
makes
understanding
history
exciting,
engaging,
and
fun！
This
Year’s
Theme
All
participants
must
address
how
communication
or
transportation
technology
has
promoted
the
quality
of
life
for
Americans
throughout
history.
To
many
people,
technology
means
computers,
hand-held
devices,
or
vehicles
that
travel
to
distant
planets.
However,
technology
is
also
the
application
of
scientific
knowledge
to
solve
a
problem,
touching
lives
in
countless
ways.
Individuals
or
groups
may
enter
one
of
the
following
categories：
·Performance
·Documentary
·Essay
Writing
Category
Requirements
Performance:
A
dramatic
presentation
of
the
topic
no
more
than
10
minutes
long.
If
special
clothes
are
used，they
should
truly
represent
a
given
period.
Documentary:
A
visual
presentation
(such
as
a
video，slide
show，or
computer
project)
no
more
than
10
minutes
long.
A
desktop
computer,
screen,
projector,
and
loudspeakers
will
be
available.
Students
must
provide
their
presentations
on
CDs
before
Friday,
March
23.
Essay
Writing:
An
academic
paper
of
2,000
to
2,500
words.
No
illustrations
are
allowed.
Please
do
not
include
covers.
A
list
of
references
must
be
included.
Important
Dates
January
5
Submit
a
topic
proposal
to
your
history
teacher.
The
teacher
may
require
a
second
proposal
if
the
first
is
off-topic
or
unclear.
February
5
Submit
a
first
draft
of
your
essay,
performance
script,
or
documentary
highlights.
February
19
A
committee
of
teachers
will
evaluate
materials
and
give
opinions.
Students
then
have
an
opportunity
to
improve
their
products.
March
9
Submit
a
final
draft
of
your
essay.
March
15
Performance
and
documentary
committee
preview
March
24
Thornton
Middle
School
History
Fair
Competition
7：00
A.M.—9：00A.M.
Participants
signing
in
at
the
gym
10：00
A.M.
—6：00P.M.
Competition
and
judges’
review
7：00
P.M.
Awards
ceremony
1.
What
is
the
theme
of
this
year’s
competition?
A.
Technology
advances
science.
B.
Science
interacts
with
technology.
C.
Science
has
made
the
study
of
history
easy.
D.
Technology
has
improved
the
life
of
Americans.
2.
What
would
a
participant
have
to
do
with
an
essay
of
1,500
words
to
meet
the
category
requirement?
A.
Include
more
information
in
the
essay.
B.
Remove
the
references.
C.
Provide
a
cover
for
the
essay.
D.
Explain
the
details
with
illustrations.
3.
What
will
the
committee
of
teachers
do
on
February
19?
A.
Preview
performances
and
documentaries.
B.
Make
comments
on
the
materials.
C.
Improve
the
participant’s
first
draft.
D.
Collect
a
second
proposal
from
the
participant.
[答案] DAB
[解析]
本文是一个竞赛须知。详细地介绍了竞赛的意义、参赛作品的主题、各项要求以及活动安排。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据This
Year’s
Theme部分All
participants
must
address
how
communication
or
transportation
technology
has
promoted
the
quality
of
life
for
Americans
throughout
history.
"可知，今年的主题涉及科技对美国人生活的改善。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Category?Requirements部分Essay
Writing
:
An
academic
paper
of
2,000
to
2,500
words.
可知，字数必须在2000到2500之间，因此1500字不够，必须添加更多的信息。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Important
Dates部分February
19
A
committee
of
teachers
will
evaluate
materials
and
give
opinions.
可知，2月19日，评委老师会对提交的材料给出意见，作出评论。故选B。
[方法2].
题干定位法
应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在试题中，常常是就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用＂题干定位法＂，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比较。问题与材料相同→对号入座；问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。
【典例剖析】
Monthly
Talks
at
London
Canal
Museum
Our
monthly
talks
start
at
19:30
on
the
first
Thursday
of
each
month
except
August.
Admission
is
at
normal
charges
and
you
don’t
need
to
book.
They
end
around
21:00.
November
7th
The
Canal
Pioneers,
by
Chris
Lewis.
James
Brindley
is
recognized
as
one
of
the
leading
early
canal
engineers.
He
was
also
a
major
player
in
training
others
in
the
art
of
canal
planning
and
building.
Chris
Lewis
will
explain
how
Brindley
made
such
a
positive
contribution
to
the
education
of
that
group
of
early
“civil
engineers”.
December
5th
Ice
for
the
Metropolis,
by
Malcolm
Tucker.
Well
before
the
arrival
of
freezers,
there
was
a
demand
for
ice
for
food
preservation
and
catering,
Malcolm
will
explain
the
history
of
importing
natural
ice
and
the
technology
of
building
ice
wells,
and
how
London’s
ice
trade
grew.
February
6th
An
Update
on
the
Cotsword
Canals,
by
Liz
Payne.
The
Stroudwater
Canal
is
moving
towards
reopening.
The
Thames
and
Severn
Canal
will
take
a
little
longer.
We
will
have
a
report
on
the
present
state
of
play.
March
6th
Eyots
and
Aits
-Thames
Islands,
by
Miranda
Vickers.
The
Thames
has
many
islands.
Miranda
has
undertaken
a
review
of
all
of
them.
She
will
tell
us
about
those
of
greatest
interest.
Online
bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book
More
info:
www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson
London
Canal
Museum
12-13
New
Wharf
Road,
London
NI
9RT
www.canalmuseum.org.uk
www.canalmuseum.mobi
Tel:020
77130836
【导读】这一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在伦敦运河博物馆每个月的讲座安排。内容包括讲座的时间、做讲座的人以及讲座的内容简介等。文章整体阅读难度较低，所设题目均为考查细节理解题，只需通过关键词定位可得出答案。如21题抓住关键词“James
Brindley”，22题抓住关键词“February”。23题抓住关键词“Thames”。做此类阅读理解时可以先从其问题着手，带着问题的关键词到原文中找出相对应的部分，然后通过对照和比较，就不难选出正确答案。
1.
When
is
the
talk
on
James
Brindley?
A.
February
6th.
B.
March
6th.
C.
November
7th.
D.
December
5th.
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句James
Brindley
is
recognized
as
one
of
the
leading
early
canal
engineers.所对应的日期November
7th.。
[答案]
C
2.
What
is
the
topic
of
the
talk
in
February?
A.
The
Canal
Pioneers.
B.
Ice
for
the
Metropolis
C.
Eyots
and
Aits-
Thames
Islands
D.
An
Update
on
the
Cotsword
Canals
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段February
6th中的第一句An
Update
on
the
Cotsword
Canals,
by
Liz
Payne.
The
Stroudwater
Canal
is
moving
towards
reopening.可以得出答案。
[答案]
D
3.
Who
will
give
the
talk
on
the
islands
in
the
Thames.
A.
Miranda
Vickers
B.
Malcolm
Tucker
C.
Chris
Lewis
D.
Liz
Payne
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句Eyots
and
Aits
-Thames
Islands,
by
Miranda
Vickers.可知做报告的人是Miranda
Vickers。
[答案]
A
[方法3].
选项排除法
排除法在应用文阅读中也应用得较多，即排除与文章内容不一致的错误信息，从而确定正确选项。应用文阅读理解设题以细节理解题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题的题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。
【典例剖析】
Rubbermaid
Commercial
Stainless(不锈的)
Steel
Oven
Monitoring
Thermometer(温度计)
FGTHO550
by
Rubbermaid
Commercial
Products
4.3
out
of
5
stars
2,274
customer
reviews
Price:
$7.01
Color:
Metallic
Made
of
wearable
stainless
steel,
this
oven
thermometer
is
designed
to
endure
the
test
of
the
toughest
professional
and
home
kitchens.
The
scale
reads
in
both
Fahrenheit
and
Celsius,
and
it
features
clearly
marked
temperature
differences
to
aid
accurate
readings.
Easy
to
install,
the
thermometer
comes
equipped
with
a
convenient
hanger,
so
it
can
be
suspended
from
an
oven
rail.
Its
self-standing
design
also
allows
it
to
stand
upright
on
a
baking
pan
in
the
oven.
Easy-to-Real
Dial
This
oven
thermometer
measure
and
displays
true
oven
temperature,
helping
to
ensure
precise
result
when
preparing
food.
Durable
Stainless
Steel
Design
With
its
stainless
steel
construction
and
rock-resistant
lens,
this
thermometer
withstands
tough
and
repeated
use.
And
with
its
long
10-year
warranty,
it’s
sure
to
become
one
of
your
kitchen
mainstays.
About
manufacturer
Rubbermaid
Commercial
Products,
headquartered
in
Winchester,
Va.,
is
a
manufacturer
of
innovative,
solution-based
products
for
commercial
and
institutional
markets
worldwide.
Since
1968,
RCP
has
pioneered
technologies
and
system
solutions
in
the
categories
of
food
prep
services,
cleaning
maintenance,
waste
handling,
material
transport,
and
safety
products.
Product
details
Product
Dimensions:
6.1
×
4.5×1.5
inches;
1
pound
Domestic
Shipping:
Item
can
be
shipped
within
U.S.
International
Shipping:
This
item
can
be
shipped
to
selected
countries
outside
of
the
U.S.
Learn
More
Amazon
Best
Sellers
Rank:
#
1
in
Home&
Kitchen＞
Oven
Thermometers
Special
offers
and
product
promotions
Pay
with
your
credit
or
your
Amazon.com
Gift
Card.
Apply
now.
1.
Which
of
the
following
features
does
the
products
enjoy?
A.
It’s
made
of
quality
plastic
easy
to
be
bent.
B.
It
is
assisted
with
electronic
dial
reading
system
C.
It
could
be
positioned
within
the
oven
in
two
days.
D.
It
is
resistant
to
shake
and
pressure.
2.
Which
description
about
the
product
is
TRUE?
A.
It
provides
unconditional
domestic
and
international
shipping
B.
It
sells
best
in
Oven
Thermometers
section
on
Amazon.
C.
Over
3000
customers
have
commented
on
the
product.
D.
It
could
be
paid
for
only
through
credit
card.
3.
Which
of
the
following
products
is
NOT
likely
to
be
manufactured
by
Rubbermaid
Commercial
Products?
A.
Deskside
Plastic
Wastebasket.
B.
Airtight
Snack
Container
C.
Full
Pan
Carrier
D.
Over-ear
Bass
Sound
Stereo
Headphones
【答案】
C
B
D
【解析】
60.
C.
选项C在Easy
to
install,
the
thermometer
comes
equipped
with
a
convenient
hanger,
so
it
can
be
suspended
from
an
oven
rail.
Its
self-standing
design
also
allows
it
to
stand
upright
on
a
baking
pan
in
the
oven.这一句可知答案。选项A错在plastic，是stainless。选项B错在electronic
dial
reading电子刻度盘，看图片不是的。选项D错在没讲“resistant
to
shake”,只有“rock-resistant
lens”。
61.B.
选项A和D都太过绝对，而C选项数字错误，应是2,274
customer
reviews。
62.D.根据最后一段的最后一句
food
prep
services,
cleaning
maintenance,
waste
handling,
material
transport,
and
safety
products，翻译出来是食物准备服务，清洁维修，废物处理，材料运输和安保产品。选项A有waste;选项B有snack;选项C是托盘运输车；选项D是立体声头戴式耳机。
Reading
Comprehension
（A）
(You
may
read
the
questions
first,)
SCREENGRABS
BBC1
PLANET
EARTH
9AM
Fresh
Water
provides
an
expansive
subject
for
the
third
programme
in
the
BBC’s
fascinating
new
natural
history
series.
Broadly,
we
investigate
the
world’s
lakes
and
rivers
and
the
creatures
which
inhabit
them.
Thus
we
visit
the
deepest
lake
on
the
planet,
Lake
Baikal
in
Siberia.
We
observe
large
colonies
of
Indian
smooth-coated
otters
(above)
looking
around.
A
magical
series
which
gives
us
a
real
sense
of
context
in
relation
to
the
planet
we
inhabit.
BBC2
FAMILY
GUY
11.45PM
Road
to
Europe.
Without
proper
identification,
Brain
and
Stewie
stow
away
on
a
plane
they
think
is
leaving
for
England.
They’re
wrong,
and
soon
they’re
in
Saudi
Arabia
(Brain:
“Oh
my
God,
we
are
finished.
We
are
lost
in
the
desert.”)
at
the
beginning
of
a
long
trip
home.
ITV1
AGATHA
CHRISTIE’S
POIROT
9
PM
Cards
on
the
Table.
Tonight’s
mystery
concerns
the
death
of
one
of
London’s
richest
and
most
mysterious
men,
Mr
Shaitana
(Alexander
Siddig),
who
has
a
fascination
with
crime.
Shaitana
hosts
dinner
and
a
game
of
bridge
in
his
apartment,
but
when
the
time
comes
for
the
first
guests
to
take
their
leave,
they
discover
that
their
host
has
been
stabbed
through
the
heart.
Channel
4
THE
GAMES:
LIVE
9
PM
For
the
first
time
on
The
Games,
the
men
fight
in
a
Kendo
Tournament,
using
1.2m
shinai
(Bamboo
swords).
The
women
compete
in
the
cycling,
racing
wheel-to-
wheel
on
competition
bikes
with
no
brakes.
Plus
other
news
from
the
English
Institute
of
Sport
in
Sheffield.
1.
The
Fresh
Water
series
at
9
PM
________.
A.
explores
the
lakes,
rivers
and
the
creatures
in
them
B.
is
devoted
to
the
freshwater
creatures
in
the
world
C.
explains
the
relationship
among
inhabitants
on
the
earth
D.
focuses
on
the
deepest
river
on
the
planet
【解析】
A.这是一道推断题。根据对于Fresh
Water的介绍中“Broadly,we
investigate
the
world’s
lakes
and
rivers
and
the
creatures
which
inhabit
them.”可知“我们在考察世界上的湖泊和河流以及栖息在里面的生物”。
2.
The
phrase
“stow
away”
most
probably
means
“_________”.
A.
hide
secretly
B.
talk
excitedly
C.
operate
easily
D.
guide
successfully
【解析】A.
这是一道推理题。根据Road
to
Europe的介绍中“Without
proper
identification”可知他们俩没有合法身份，所以应该是偷乘飞机。
3.
A
mystery
story
adapted
from
Agatha
Christie’s
novel
will
be
shown
on
______.
A.
BBC1
B.
BBC2
C.
ITV1
D.
Channel
4
【解析】C.
这是一道推断题。根据对于“Cards
on
the
table.”的描述可知是由AGATHA
CHRISTIE’S
POIROT的小说改编的，是在ITV1播出。
(B)
The
concept
of
peace
is
a
very
important
one
in
cultures
all
over
the
world.
Think
about
how
we
greet
people.
In
some
languages,
the
phrases
for
greetings
contain
the
word
for
peace.
In
some
cultures
we
greet
people
by
shaking
hands
or
with
another
gesture
to
show
that
we
are
not
carrying
weapons
–
that
we
come
in
peace.
And
there
are
certain
symbols
which
people
in
very
different
cultures
recognize
as
representing
peace.
Let’s
look
at
a
few
of
them.
The
dove
The
dove
has
been
a
symbol
of
peace
and
innocence
for
thousands
of
years
in
many
different
cultures.
In
ancient
Greek
mythology
it
was
a
symbol
of
love
and
the
renewal
of
life.
In
ancient
Japan
a
dove
carrying
a
sword
symbolized
the
end
of
war.
There
was
a
tradition
in
Europe
that
if
a
dove
flew
around
a
house
where
someone
was
dying
then
their
soul
would
be
at
peace.
And
there
are
legends
which
say
that
the
devil
can
turn
himself
into
any
bird
except
for
a
dove.
In
Christian
art,
the
dove
was
used
to
symbolize
the
Holy
Ghost
and
was
often
painted
above
Christ's
head.
But
it
was
Pablo
Picasso
who
made
the
dove
a
modern
symbol
of
peace
when
he
used
it
on
a
poster
for
the
World
Peace
Congress
in
1949.
The
rainbow
The
rainbow
is
another
ancient
and
universal
symbol,
often
representing
the
connection
between
human
beings
and
their
gods.
In
Greek
mythology
it
was
associated
with
Iris,
the
goddess
who
brought
messages
from
the
gods
on
Mount
Olympus.
In
Scandinavian
mythology
the
rainbow
was
a
bridge
between
the
gods
and
the
earth.
In
the
Bible
a
rainbow
showed
Noah
that
the
Biblical
flood
was
finally
over,
and
that
God
had
forgiven
his
people.
In
the
Chinese
tradition,
the
rainbow
is
a
common
symbol
for
marriage
because
the
colours
represent
the
union
of
yin
and
yang.
Nowadays
the
rainbow
is
used
by
many
popular
movements
for
peace
and
the
environment,
representing
the
possibility
of
a
better
world
in
the
future
and
promising
sunshine
after
the
rain.
The
olive
branch
The
olive
tree
has
always
been
a
valuable
source
of
food
and
oil.
In
Greek
mythology,
the
goddess
Athena
gave
the
olive
tree
to
the
people
of
Athens,
who
showed
their
gratitude
by
naming
the
city
after
her.
But
no
one
knows
for
sure
when
or
why
it
began
to
symbolize
peace.
There
is
probably
a
connection
with
ancient
Greece.
Wars
between
states
were
suspended
during
the
Olympic
Games,
and
the
winners
were
given
crowns
of
olive
branches.
The
symbolism
may
come
from
the
fact
that
the
olive
tree
takes
a
long
time
to
produce
fruit,
so
olives
could
only
be
cultivated
successfully
in
long
periods
of
peace.
Whatever
the
history,
the
olive
branch
is
a
part
of
many
modern
flags
symbolizing
peace
and
unity.
One
well-known
example
is
the
United
Nations
symbol.
4.
Who
played
the
major
role
in
making
the
dove
a
modern
symbol
of
peace?
A.
Pablo
Picasso.
B.
A
god
in
Greek
mythology.
C.
Jesus
Christ.
D.
Ancient
Japanese.
5.
How
many
examples
does
the
writer
give
to
show
the
rainbow
as
a
universal
symbol
of
peace?
A.
Two.
B.
Three.
C.
Four.
D.
Five.
6.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Different
Concepts
of
Peace.
B.
The
popularity
of
Peace
Symbols.
C.
The
Origins
of
Peace
Symbols.
D.
Cultural
Differences
in
Peace.
【答案】
AD
C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄树等三个和平象征的起源。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But
it
was
Pablo
Picasso
who
made
the
dove
a
modern
symbol
of
peace
when
he
used
it
on
a
poster
for
the
World
Peace
Congress
in
1949.”可知，但正是毕加索（Pablo
Picasso）在1949年世界和平大会的海报上使用鸽子，使之成为和平的现代象征，由此可知，毕加索在使鸽子成为和平的现代象征方面发挥了主要作用，故A项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，作者举了希腊神话、斯堪的纳维亚神话、圣经、中国传统以及和平与环境的大众运动等五个例子来说明彩虹是和平的普遍象征，故D项正确。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“And
there
are
certain
symbols
which
people
in
very
different
cultures
recognize
as
representing
peace.
Let’s
look
at
a
few
of
them.”可知，本文主要介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄树等三个和平象征的起源，故C项正确。
（C）
The
Curse
of
the
Were-Rabbit(2005)
is
the
first
full-length
feature
film
made
by
directors
Nick
Park
and
Steve
Box
with
their
amazing
plasticine(粘土)
characters
Wallace
and
Gromit.
It
won
an
Oscar
in
2006,
and
if
you
watch
it,
you’ll
understand
why.
It’s
an
absolutely
brilliant
cartoon
comedy.
Cheese-loving
inventor
Wallace
and
his
brainy
dog
Gromit
have
started
a
company
to
protect
the
town’s
vegetables
from
hungry
rabbits.
However,
just
before
the
annual
Giant
Vegetable
Competition,
an
enormous
rabbit
begins
terrorising
the
town.
It
is
attacking
all
the
vegetables
and
destroying
everything
in
its
path.
The
competition
organizer,
Lady
Tottington,
hires
Wallace
and
Gromit
to
catch
the
monster
alive.
But
they
will
have
to
find
the
were-rabbit
before
gun-crazy
hunter
Victor
Quartermaine
who
is
desperate
to
kill
it.
The
screenplay
is
witty
and
full
of
amusing
visual
jokes.
As
usual,
the
voice
of
Peter
Sallis
is
absolutely
perfect
for
the
role
of
Wallace,
and
Gromit
is
so
beautifully
brought
to
life,
he
can
express
a
huge
range
of
emotions
without
saying
a
word.
And
both
Helena
Bonham-Carter,
who
plays
the
part
of
Lady
Tottington,
and
Ralph
Fiennes
as
Victor
are
really
funny.
To
sum
up,
The
Curse
of
the
Were-Rabbit
is
an
amazing
film
which
is
suitable
for
both
children
and
adults.
If
you
liked
Wallace
and
Gromit’s
previous
adventures
and
you
appreciate
the
British
sense
of
humour,
you’ll
love
this
film.
Don’t
miss
it!
【语篇导读】：这是一篇应用文，是一篇电影评论，有关一部卡通电影。
7.
In
the
film
review,
what
is
paragraph
A
mainly
about?
A.
The
introduction
to
the
leading
roles?
??
??
??
??
??
?
B.
The
writer’s
opinion
of
acting
C.
The
writer’s
comments
on
the
story?
??
??
??
??
??
???
D.
The
background
information
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题
根据A部分的表述，介绍了这部电影的人物角色，导演，获得荣誉以及其他相关的信息，而这些信息就是背景，所以答案是选D。
The
introductions
to
the
leading
roles
(介绍主角)，The
writer’s
opinion
of
acting
(作者对表演的看法)，The
writer’s
comments
on
the
story
(作者对故事的评论)，以上3个选项的内容都是片面的，不能够作为主旨大意。
8.
According
to
the
film
review,
“the
monster”
(paragraph
B)
refers
to
______.
A.
a
gun-crazy
hunter?
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??B.
a
brainy
dog
C.
a
scary
rabbit?
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
?
D.
a
giant
vegetable
【答案】C
【解析】猜词题
4个选项文章中都有提到，既然说是指代，那么不妨把4个选项都带了进去理解，那么不难发现答案就是C。同时也要关注一些连词的表达，比如however
和but。根据最后一句话的描述，可以排除hunter选项；dog是进行寻找的动物，不是被找的动物；根据monster
后的alive活抓可以排除vegetable选项。
9.
Which
of
the
following
is
a
reason
why
the
writer
recommends
the
film?
A.
It’s
full
of
wit
and
humour.
B.
Its
characters
show
feelings
without
words.
C.
It
is
an
adventure
film
directed
by
Peter
Sallis.
D.
It
is
about
the
harmony
between
man
and
animals.
【答案】
A
(D)
Humpback
whales
Humpback
whales
are
sometimes
called
performers
of
the
ocean.
This
is
because
they
can
make
impressive
movements
when
they
dive.
The
name
“humpback”,
which
is
the
common
name
for
this
whale,
refers
to
the
typical
curve
shape
the
whale’s
back
forms
as
it
dives.[来
Sometimes
the
humpback
will
dive
with
a
fantastic
movement,
known
as
a
breach.
During
breaching
the
whale
uses
its
powerful
tail
flukes
to
lift
nearly
two-thirds
of
its
body
out
of
the
water
in
a
giant
leap.
A
breach
might
also
include
a
sideways
twist
with
fins
stretched
out
like
wings,
as
the
whale
reaches
the
height
of
the
breach.
A
humpback
whale
breathes
air
at
the
surface
of
the
water
through
two
blowholes
which
are
located
near
the
top
of
the
head.
It
blows
a
double
stream
of
water
that
can
rise
up
to
4
meters
above
the
water.
The
humpback
has
a
small
dorsal
fin
located
towards
the
tail
flukes
about
two-thirds
of
the
way
down
its
back.
Other
distinguishing
features
include
large
pectoral
fins,
which
may
be
up
to
a
third
of
the
body
length,
and
unique
black
and
white
spots
on
the
underside
of
the
tail
flukes.
These
markings
are
like
fingerprints:
no
two
are
the
same.
Humpback
whales
live
in
large
groups.
They
communicate
with
each
other
through
complex
“songs”.
Quick
Facts[
Size:
14m~18m
in
length
30~50
tons
in
weight
Living
Environment:
Open
ocean
and
shallow
coastline
waters
Migration:
From
warm
tropical
(热带的)
waters,
where
they
breed,
to
cold
polar
waters,
where
they
eat.
Diet:
Shellfish,
plants
and
fish
of
small
size
Hunting:
Sometimes
in
groups,
in
which
several
whales
form
a
circle
under
the
water,
blowing
bubbles
that
form
a
“net”
around
a
school
of
fish.
The
fish
are
then
forced
up
to
the
surface
in
a
concentrated
mass.
Current
state:
endangered;
it
is
estimated
that
there
are
about
5000~7000
humpback
whales
worldwide.
According
to
Quick
Facts,
a
humpback
whale
______.
A.
cannot
survive
in
waters
near
the
shore
B.
doesn’t
live
in
the
same
waters
all
the
time
C.
lives
mainly
on
underwater
plants
D.
prefers
to
work
alone
when
hunting
food
【答案】B本题答案在Quick
Facts中的“Migration迁徙”一栏中可以找到。座头鲸每年都会从温暖的海洋迁徙到寒冷的海洋。
11.
To
make
a
breach,
a
humpback
whale
must
______.
A.
use
its
tail
flukes
to
leap
out
of
the
water
B.
twist
its
body
sideways
to
jump
high.
C.
blow
two
streams
of
water
D.
communicate
with
a
group
of
humpbacks.
【答案】A本题原本很简单，在第二段第三行答案非常明显。座头鲸要跃出海面，就必须用强壮的尾鳍去使身体上升。答案就是A。但是，强干扰项B紧随其后，就在第五行。但是，只要同学们细心一点就会发现这里有一个单词“include包含”。座头鲸在跃出海面的时候包扭转侧鳍的动作，但这并不是座头鲸跃出海面的动力所在，只是其中的一个动作而已。所以，排除。最终得到答案A。
12.
From
the
passage
we
can
learn
that
a
humpback
whale
______.
A.
has
its
unique
markings
on
it
tail
flukes
B.
has
black
and
white
fingerprints
C.
gets
its
name
from
the
way
it
hunts
D.
is
a
great
performer
due
to
its
songs
【答案】.A
本题答案在第四段倒数第三行，座头鲸的尾鳍上有许多独特的黑色和白色的斑点。本来也很简单。可是，强干扰项B又来凑热闹，在本段最后一行讲到，这些斑点就像指纹一样，没有相似的。同学们，只要留心这里的
“like”难题就不难了。这里作者要表达的概念是斑点的独特性就像人的指纹的独特性一样，而不是样子一样。所以，可以确定答案为A。
Reading
Comprehension
(A)
Wanted,
Someone
for
a
Kiss
We’re
looking
for
producers
to
join
us
in
the
second
of
London
100FM.
You’ll
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on
the
station’s
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programmes.
Music
production
experience
in
radio
is
necessary,
along
with
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knowledge
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dance
music.
Please
apply
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writing
to
Producer
Vacancies,
Kiss100.
Father
Christmas
We’re
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preferably
over
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Working
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Every
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24
to
December
15
and
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December24
except
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10:30—16:00
Excellent
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Please
contact(联系)the
Enterprise
Shopping
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Station
Parade,
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Accountants
Assistant
When
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Administration
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Division,
dealing
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post
and
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If
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we
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This
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Wealden
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Software
Trainer
If
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You
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You
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present
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Pay
upwards
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for
the
right
person.
Please
apply
by
sending
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CV
(简历)
to
Mrs
R.
Oglivie,
Palmlace
Limited.
1.
Who
should
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in
touch
with
if
you
hope
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radio
station?
A.
Producer
Vacancies,
Kiss
100.
B.
Mrs
R.
Oglivie,
Palmlace
Limited.
C.
The
Enterprise
Shopping
Centre
D.
Wealden
District
Council.
【解析】A根据第一段“Music
production
experience
in
radio
is
necessary,
along
with
rich
knowledge
of
modern
dance
music.
Please
apply
in
writing
to
Producer
Vacancies,
Kiss100.”这句话可判断正确答案是A。
2.
We
learn
from
the
ads
that
the
Enterprise
Shopping
Centre
needs
a
person
who
_____.
A.
is
aged
between
24
and
40
B.
may
do
some
training
work
C.
should
deal
with
general
duties
D.
can
work
for
about
a
month
【解析】D根据“Working
days:
Every
Saturday
from
November
24
to
December
15
and
every
day
from
December17
to
December24
except
Sunday,
10:30—16:00”这句话可推算出答案为D。
3.
Which
position
is
open
to
recent
school
graduates?
A.
Producer,
London
Kiss.
B.
Father
Christmas.
C.
Accountants
Assistant
D.
Software
Trainer
【解析】C根据“This
position
is
equally
suitable
for
a
school
leaver
of
for
somebody
who
has
office
experience”这一句话可判断选项C为正确答案。
4.
What
kind
of
person
would
probably
apply
to
Palmlace
Limited?
A.
One
with
GCSE
grade
C
level.
B.
One
with
some
office
experience.
C.
One
having
good
computer
knowledge
D.
One
trained
in
producing
music
programmes.
【解析】C根据“…You
should
be
good
at
the
computer
and
have
some
experience
in
programme
writing”这句话可判断C为正确选项。
(B)
Mount
Cook
National
Park
is
home
of
the
highest
mountains
and
the
longest
glaciers.
It
is
alpine(高山)
in
the
purest
sense---with
skyscraping
peaks,
glaciers
and
permanent
snow
fields,
all
set
under
a
star-studded
sky.
Key
Highlights
Although
it
includes
23
peaks
over
3,000
metres
high,
this
park
is
very
accessible.
State
Highway
80
leads
to
Mt
Cook
Village
which
is
situated
beside
scenic
Lake
Pukaki
and
provides
a
comfortable
base
for
alpine
activities.
Far
from
city
lights,
the
stargazing
here
is
magnificent—Aoraki
Mount
Cook
National
Park
forms
the
majority
of
New
Zealand's
only
International
Dark
Sky
Reserve.
Mountaineers
regard
the
area
to
be
the
best
climbing
region,
while
less
skilled
adventurers
find
plenty
of
satisfaction
with
the
mountain
walks
that
lead
to
alpine
tarns,
herb
fields
and
spectacular
glacier
views.
Encounters
with
cheeky
kea
(mountain
parrots)
are
part
of
the
fun.
Key
Activities
Mountain
walks
There
are
10
short
walks
beginning
near
the
village.
All
tracks
are
formed
and
well
marked.
The
Red
Tarns
Track,
Kea
Point
and
the
Hooker
Valley
Track
each
take
around
two
hours
return.
For
more
experienced
alpine
hikers,
there
are
three
mountain
pass
routes—over
the
Mueller,
Copland
and
Ball
passes.
Glacier
viewing
and
skiing
Helicopters
and
ski－planes
provide
access
to
the
park's
fabulous
glaciers.
The
Tasman
Glacier
is
an
excellent
choice
for
intermediate
skiers,
while
the
Murchison,
Darwin
and
Bonney
glaciers
promise
excitement
for
advanced
skiers.
From
October
until
May,
you
can
explore
the
Tasman
Glacier's
terminal
lake
by
boat.
Mountaineering
Climbing
Mount
Cook
remains
the
ultimate
challenge,
but
there
are
many
other
peaks
to
tempt
experienced
climbers.
Tasman,
Malte
Brun,
Elie
de
Beaumont,
Sefton
and
La
Perouse
are
quite
popular..
Key
Tips
●Climbers
don't
require
permits,
but
are
requested
to
complete
a
trip
intentions
form.
●Local
guides
are
available
for
climbing,
walking
and
glacier
skiing.
●Winter
climbing
is
an
extreme
sport—only
recommended
for
well-prepared,
experienced
mountaineers.
●The
weather
can
change
very
suddenly—be
prepared
for
heavy
rainfall,
snow
and/or
high
winds.
●The
park
has
an
airport
serving
domestic
commercial
flights
and
scenic
flight
operators.
5.
Which
is
one
of
the
characteristics
of
Mount
Cook
National
Park?
A.
It
is
alpine
in
the
purest
sense
and
hard
to
reach.
B.
It
provides
star-shining
night
skies
for
visitors.
C.
It
attracts
less
skilled
climbers
to
all
alpine
activities.
D.
It
guarantees
visitors
a
sight
of
cheeky
kea.
【解析】B细节理解题。根据文章“Far
from
city
lights
,
the
stargazing
here
is
magnificent
Aoraki
Mount
Cook
National
Park
forms
the
majority
of
New
Zealand's
only
International
Dark
Sky
Reserve”可知，这里的星空是壮丽的奥拉基库克山国家公园形成唯一的国际黑暗天空保护区.故星光闪耀的夜空是公园特色.故选B.
6.
Mike
is
an
experienced
adventurer
and
may
find
________
the
most
exciting.
A.
Mountaineering
on
Elie
de
Beaumont
B.
Mountain
walks
via
Hooker
Valley
Track
C.
Skiing
on
Tasman
Glacier
D.
Climbing
Mount
Cook
【解析】D
7.
If
you
are
a
visitor
to
the
park,
you
should
________．
A.
properly
evaluate
your
own
experience
and
skill
B.
get
your
permit
prepared
before
you
start
to
climb
C.
hire
local
guides
to
help
you
to
train
for
climbing
D.
avoid
exploring
glaciers
in
winter
【解析】A.细节理解题。根据文章“Climbers
don't require
permits
,
but
are
requested
to
complete
a
trip
intentions
form”可知，游客必须要填意向表，即游客要选择自己适合的项目。故洗A.
(C)
Read
the
information
taken
from
the
pain
reliever
bottles
and
answer
the
questions.
Medicine
A
Drug
Facts
--------------------------------------------------------
Active
ingredient
Purpose
(in
each
tablet)
Pain
reliever/
325
mg…………..…………fever
reducer
Uses
provides
temporary
relief
of
■
headache
■
pain
and
fever
of
colds
■
toothache
■
muscle
pain
■
minor
pain
of
arthritis
Warnings
Reye’s
syndrome:
Children
and
teenagers
who
have
or
are
recovering
from
chicken
pox
or
flu-like
symptoms
should
not
use
this
product.
When
using
this
product,
if
changes
in
behavior
with
nausea
and
vomiting
occur,
consult
a
doctor
because
these
symptoms
could
be
an
early
sign
of
Reye’s
syndrome,
a
rare
but
serious
illness.
Alcohol
warning:
If
you
consume
3
or
more
alcoholic
drinks
every
day,
ask
your
doctor
whether
you
should
take
aspirin
or
other
pain
relievers/fever
reducers.
Aspirin
may
cause
stomach
bleeding.
Ask
a
doctor
before
use
if
you
have
■asthma
■stomach
problems
that
persist
or
recur
■ulcers
■
bleeding
problems
Stop
use
and
ask
a
doctor
if
■
pain
worsens
or
lasts
more
than
10
days
■
fever
worsens
or
lasts
more
than
3
days
■
new
symptoms
occur
■
redness
or
swelling
is
presents
■
ringing
in
the
ears
or
loss
of
hearing
occurs
Directions
■
adults:
1
to
2
tablets
with
water.
Dosage
may
be
repeated
every
4
hours,
not
to
exceed
12
tablets
in
24
hours.
■
children
under
12:
consult
a
doctor.
Medicine
B
Drug
Facts
--------------------------------------------------------
Active
ingredient
Purpose
(in
each
gelcap)
Pain
reliever/
500mg…………………..…fever
reducer
Uses
■
temporarily
relieves
minor
aches
and
pains
due
to
headache,
muscular
aches,
backache,
the
common
cold,
toothache,
minor
pain
of
arthritis
■
temporarily
reduces
fever
Warnings
Alcohol
warning:
If
you
consume
3
or
more
alcoholic
drinks
every
day,
ask
your
doctor
whether
you
should
take
This
product
or
other
pain
relievers/fever
reducers.
This
product
may
cause
liver
damage.
Overdose
warning:
Taking
more
than
the
recommend
dose
(overdose)
may
cause
liver
damage.
In
case
of
overdose,
get
medical
help
or
contact
a
Poison
Control
Center
right
away.
Quick
medical
attention
is
critical
for
adults
as
well
as
for
children
even
if
you
do
not
notice
any
signs
or
symptoms.
Directions
■
do
not
take
more
than
directed
(see
overdose
warning)
■
adults
and
children
12
years
and
over:
take
2
gelcaps
every
4
to
6
hours
as
needed.
Do
not
take
more
than
8
gelcaps
in
24
hours.
■
children
under
12
years:
do
not
use
this
adult
Extra
Strength
product
in
children
under
12
years
of
age;
this
will
provide
more
than
the
recommended
dose
(overdose)
of
acetaminophen
and
may
cause
liver
damage.
8.
Which
medicine
may
hurt
liver
according
to
the
instructions?
A.
Medicine
A.
B.
Medicine
B.
C.
Both
medicines.
D.
Neither
medicine.
91.
These
two
medicines
are
most
suitable
for
_____.
A.
a
child
who
has
a
common
cold
B.
an
adult
who
has
trouble
falling
asleep
C.
a
teenager
who
slightly
hurt
his
wrist
D.
an
old
man
who
has
stomach
bleeding
10.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
found
in
the
instructions?
A.
Acceptable
Daily
Intake
(ADI).
B.
Ingredients
of
the
medicine.
C.
Facts
about
the
origin
of
the
medicine.
D.
Names
of
the
doctors
to
consult.
【答案】8.
B
9.
C
10.
A
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了两种药的说明书。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据Medicine
B中Warnings部分中的“This
product
may
cause
liver
damage.”可知，Medicine
B可能会伤肝，故B项正确。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据对这两种药的功效的介绍中的“■
minor
pain
of
arthritis”及“minor
pain
of
arthritis”可知，这两种药都能够缓解关节的轻微疼痛，因此这两种药适合手腕轻微受伤的青少年服用，故C项正确。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据两种药Directions部分中的“■
adults:
1
to
2
tablets
with
water.
Dosage
may
be
repeated
every
4
hours,
not
to
exceed
12
tablets
in
24
hours.”及“■
adults
and
children
12
years
and
over:
take
2
gelcaps
every
4
to
6
hours
as
needed.
Do
not
take
more
than
8
gelcaps
in
24
hours.”可知，两种药的说明书中都提到了可接受的每日服用量，故A项正确。
(D)
Taking
your
pulse
during
physical
activity
allows
you
to
measure
how
hard
you
are
exercising.
You
should
exercise
to
stay
within
your
target
heart
range.
(
?
Use
your
index
finger
(食指)
and
middle
finger.
Don’t
use
your
thumb
(拇指)
—it
has
a
pulse
of
its
own.
?
Place
these
two
fingers
on
your
wrist,
just
below
the
base
of
the
thumb.
?
Count
the
number
of
beats
(pulses)
for
15
seconds.
?
Take
this
number
and
multiply
by
4
to
find
your
heart
rate
in
beats
per
minute.
For
example,
if
you
count
25
beats,
25
x
4
=
100
beats
per
minute.
)
Increasing
your
heart
rate
is
a
key
part
of
exercise,
but
it
is
important
that
your
heart
rate
is
not
too
high
or
too
low.
If
you
are
a
beginner,
you
should
also
be
able
to
breathe
comfortably
while
exercising.
This
will
ensure
that
you
are
exercising
at
a
level
that
is
safe
and
effective
for
your
body.
The
chart
below
illustrates
target
heart
rate
ranges
for
exercise
based
on
the
maximal
heart
rate
for
selected
ages.
Here
are
the
steps
for
using
the
chart:
(
Measure
your
exercise
heart
rate
in
beats
per
minute
(BPM).
Look
at
the
chart.
-
Find
your
age.
If
your
age
falls
between
the
ages
listed,
round
up
to
the
next
older
age
listed.
-
Compare
your
heart
rate
to
the
target
exercise
range.
)
(
?
If
you
are
doing
moderate
exercise
,
your
heart
rate
should
be
closer
to
the
50%
range.
?
If
you
are
doing
vigorous
exercise
,
your
heart
rate
should
be
closer
to
the
85%
range.
?
Try
to
stay
in
the
50–85%
range
when
exercising
by
increasing
or
decreasing
exercise
intensity.
)
11.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE?
A.
Exercise
intensity
can
be
reflected
by
a
person’s
heart
rate.
B.
The
faster
your
heart
rate
is,
the
more
effective
the
exercise
is.
C.
Vigorous
exercise
will
definitely
present
a
threat
to
people’s
safety.
D.
The
target
exercise
heart
rate
range
for
a
45-year-old
is
90–149
BPM.
12.
A
34-year-old
man
is
running
and
the
number
of
pulses
he
takes
for
15
seconds
is
40.
His
fitness
coach
had
better
tell
him
_____________.
A.
“You
are
doing
fine.”
B.
“You
can
run
faster.”
C.
“You
should
slow
down
a
bit.”
D.
“You
should
drink
some
water.”
13.
What
is
the
purpose
of
this
passage?
A.
To
advise
people
to
form
a
habit
of
taking
their
pulses
while
exercising.
B.
To
inform
people
of
the
target
heart
rate
zone
for
those
aged
60
and
under.
C.
To
tell
people
the
importance
of
maintaining
moderate
amount
of
exercise.
D.
To
show
people
how
to
measure
heart
rate
to
keep
proper
exercise
intensity.
【答案】11.
A
121.
C
13.
D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的内容Taking
your
pulse
during
physical
activity
allows
you
to
measure
how
hard
you
are
exercising.
You
should
exercise
to
stay
within
your
target
heart
range.及表格上的数据可知，一个人的心率可以反映运动强度。故选A。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中给的测量心率的方法可知，此人的每分钟的心率是40
4=160，结合数据表格，年龄34从35岁那一栏可知，大于百分之85，根据图表说明可知，属于剧烈运动，因此他的健康教练应该告诉他放慢一点。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。由此可知，文章的目的是向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。故选D。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(
高考阅读理解之应用文
)
一、命题分析
应用文不同于其他文体的文章，其目的是为了向读者传输信息，措辞简洁明了，直截了当，主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对较容易。
二、题型概述
应用文的类型主要有：广告，规则、通知、咨询问答、注意事项等，指南，书评、问卷调查、告示、参观须知、申请书、个人简介等。一般说来，应用文英语阅读试题具有以下特点：选材信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活；内容生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章的结构更鲜明。语言上人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。
选项特点
1．正确选项的特点
(1)应用文主要是为了向读者传递信息，措辞简洁明了，一般来说，和所述问题无关的文字不会出现。例如很多文章没有标题，甚至通篇没有一个完整的句子，而是用词、数字、缩写、短语等来替代。
(2)信息量大，文句精练，形式灵活，用最小的篇幅表述最大量的信息。
(3)选项会有生僻的专有名词，如人名、地名、机构名、组织名、书籍名、作品名等等，而且没有汉语注释。缩略词、祈使句、省略句多。
2．干扰选项的特点
(1)对词汇量考查不断加大，非考纲词汇有所增加(主要为词根加上前、后缀或有词义转化的词)。
(2)表层意义理解题减少，深层含义理解题增多。
四、解题技法
审题口诀：
应用文体较容易，快速浏览明大意。
跳读内容重细节，亦可舍文先读题。
相关内容细比对，信息吻合破无机。
[方法1].先题后文法
应用文体文章比较长，此时我们不必记住所有信息，可以先阅读题目，带着问题阅读，多注意细节，如时间、地点、人物或数据等，简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。尤其是广告文章的阅读一般采取跳读、略读等快速阅读法，快速浏览信息，搜索对比。对文中信息的快速处理能力是考查阅读理解能力的重要方面。
【典例剖析】
(You
may
read
the
questions
first.)
History
Fair
Competition
Understanding
history
is
vital
to
understanding
ourselves
as
a
people
and
as
a
nation.
History
is
much
more
than
the
study
of
dusty
old
objects
and
events
long
past.
It
is
an
essential
part
of
who
we
are
today
and
who
we
will
become.
Thornton
Middle
School
History
Fair
Competition
makes
understanding
history
exciting,
engaging,
and
fun！
This
Year’s
Theme
All
participants
must
address
how
communication
or
transportation
technology
has
promoted
the
quality
of
life
for
Americans
throughout
history.
To
many
people,
technology
means
computers,
hand-held
devices,
or
vehicles
that
travel
to
distant
planets.
However,
technology
is
also
the
application
of
scientific
knowledge
to
solve
a
problem,
touching
lives
in
countless
ways.
Individuals
or
groups
may
enter
one
of
the
following
categories：
·Performance
·Documentary
·Essay
Writing
Category
Requirements
Performance:
A
dramatic
presentation
of
the
topic
no
more
than
10
minutes
long.
If
special
clothes
are
used，they
should
truly
represent
a
given
period.
Documentary:
A
visual
presentation
(such
as
a
video，slide
show，or
computer
project)
no
more
than
10
minutes
long.
A
desktop
computer,
screen,
projector,
and
loudspeakers
will
be
available.
Students
must
provide
their
presentations
on
CDs
before
Friday,
March
23.
Essay
Writing:
An
academic
paper
of
2,000
to
2,500
words.
No
illustrations
are
allowed.
Please
do
not
include
covers.
A
list
of
references
must
be
included.
Important
Dates
January
5
Submit
a
topic
proposal
to
your
history
teacher.
The
teacher
may
require
a
second
proposal
if
the
first
is
off-topic
or
unclear.
February
5
Submit
a
first
draft
of
your
essay,
performance
script,
or
documentary
highlights.
February
19
A
committee
of
teachers
will
evaluate
materials
and
give
opinions.
Students
then
have
an
opportunity
to
improve
their
products.
March
9
Submit
a
final
draft
of
your
essay.
March
15
Performance
and
documentary
committee
preview
March
24
Thornton
Middle
School
History
Fair
Competition
7：00
A.M.—9：00A.M.
Participants
signing
in
at
the
gym
10：00
A.M.
—6：00P.M.
Competition
and
judges’
review
7：00
P.M.
Awards
ceremony
1.
What
is
the
theme
of
this
year’s
competition?
A.
Technology
advances
science.
B.
Science
interacts
with
technology.
C.
Science
has
made
the
study
of
history
easy.
D.
Technology
has
improved
the
life
of
Americans.
2.
What
would
a
participant
have
to
do
with
an
essay
of
1,500
words
to
meet
the
category
requirement?
A.
Include
more
information
in
the
essay.
B.
Remove
the
references.
C.
Provide
a
cover
for
the
essay.
D.
Explain
the
details
with
illustrations.
3.
What
will
the
committee
of
teachers
do
on
February
19?
A.
Preview
performances
and
documentaries.
B.
Make
comments
on
the
materials.
C.
Improve
the
participant’s
first
draft.
D.
Collect
a
second
proposal
from
the
participant.
[答案]
[方法2].
题干定位法
应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在试题中，常常是就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用＂题干定位法＂，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比较。问题与材料相同→对号入座；问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。
【典例剖析】
Monthly
Talks
at
London
Canal
Museum
Our
monthly
talks
start
at
19:30
on
the
first
Thursday
of
each
month
except
August.
Admission
is
at
normal
charges
and
you
don’t
need
to
book.
They
end
around
21:00.
November
7th
The
Canal
Pioneers,
by
Chris
Lewis.
James
Brindley
is
recognized
as
one
of
the
leading
early
canal
engineers.
He
was
also
a
major
player
in
training
others
in
the
art
of
canal
planning
and
building.
Chris
Lewis
will
explain
how
Brindley
made
such
a
positive
contribution
to
the
education
of
that
group
of
early
“civil
engineers”.
December
5th
Ice
for
the
Metropolis,
by
Malcolm
Tucker.
Well
before
the
arrival
of
freezers,
there
was
a
demand
for
ice
for
food
preservation
and
catering,
Malcolm
will
explain
the
history
of
importing
natural
ice
and
the
technology
of
building
ice
wells,
and
how
London’s
ice
trade
grew.
February
6th
An
Update
on
the
Cotsword
Canals,
by
Liz
Payne.
The
Stroudwater
Canal
is
moving
towards
reopening.
The
Thames
and
Severn
Canal
will
take
a
little
longer.
We
will
have
a
report
on
the
present
state
of
play.
March
6th
Eyots
and
Aits
-Thames
Islands,
by
Miranda
Vickers.
The
Thames
has
many
islands.
Miranda
has
undertaken
a
review
of
all
of
them.
She
will
tell
us
about
those
of
greatest
interest.
Online
bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book
More
info:
www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson
London
Canal
Museum
12-13
New
Wharf
Road,
London
NI
9RT
www.canalmuseum.org.uk
www.canalmuseum.mobi
Tel:020
77130836
【导读】这一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在伦敦运河博物馆每个月的讲座安排。内容包括讲座的时间、做讲座的人以及讲座的内容简介等。文章整体阅读难度较低，所设题目均为考查细节理解题，只需通过关键词定位可得出答案。如21题抓住关键词“James
Brindley”，22题抓住关键词“February”。23题抓住关键词“Thames”。做此类阅读理解时可以先从其问题着手，带着问题的关键词到原文中找出相对应的部分，然后通过对照和比较，就不难选出正确答案。
1.
When
is
the
talk
on
James
Brindley?
A.
February
6th.
B.
March
6th.
C.
November
7th.
D.
December
5th.
[答案]
2.
What
is
the
topic
of
the
talk
in
February?
A.
The
Canal
Pioneers.
B.
Ice
for
the
Metropolis
C.
Eyots
and
Aits-
Thames
Islands
D.
An
Update
on
the
Cotsword
Canals
[答案]
3.
Who
will
give
the
talk
on
the
islands
in
the
Thames.
A.
Miranda
Vickers
B.
Malcolm
Tucker
C.
Chris
Lewis
D.
Liz
Payne
[答案]
[方法3].
选项排除法
排除法在应用文阅读中也应用得较多，即排除与文章内容不一致的错误信息，从而确定正确选项。应用文阅读理解设题以细节理解题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题的题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。
【典例剖析】
Rubbermaid
Commercial
Stainless(不锈的)
Steel
Oven
Monitoring
Thermometer(温度计)
FGTHO550
by
Rubbermaid
Commercial
Products
4.3
out
of
5
stars
2,274
customer
reviews
Price:
$7.01
Color:
Metallic
Made
of
wearable
stainless
steel,
this
oven
thermometer
is
designed
to
endure
the
test
of
the
toughest
professional
and
home
kitchens.
The
scale
reads
in
both
Fahrenheit
and
Celsius,
and
it
features
clearly
marked
temperature
differences
to
aid
accurate
readings.
Easy
to
install,
the
thermometer
comes
equipped
with
a
convenient
hanger,
so
it
can
be
suspended
from
an
oven
rail.
Its
self-standing
design
also
allows
it
to
stand
upright
on
a
baking
pan
in
the
oven.
Easy-to-Real
Dial
This
oven
thermometer
measure
and
displays
true
oven
temperature,
helping
to
ensure
precise
result
when
preparing
food.
Durable
Stainless
Steel
Design
With
its
stainless
steel
construction
and
rock-resistant
lens,
this
thermometer
withstands
tough
and
repeated
use.
And
with
its
long
10-year
warranty,
it’s
sure
to
become
one
of
your
kitchen
mainstays.
About
manufacturer
Rubbermaid
Commercial
Products,
headquartered
in
Winchester,
Va.,
is
a
manufacturer
of
innovative,
solution-based
products
for
commercial
and
institutional
markets
worldwide.
Since
1968,
RCP
has
pioneered
technologies
and
system
solutions
in
the
categories
of
food
prep
services,
cleaning
maintenance,
waste
handling,
material
transport,
and
safety
products.
Product
details
Product
Dimensions:
6.1
×
4.5×1.5
inches;
1
pound
Domestic
Shipping:
Item
can
be
shipped
within
U.S.
International
Shipping:
This
item
can
be
shipped
to
selected
countries
outside
of
the
U.S.
Learn
More
Amazon
Best
Sellers
Rank:
#
1
in
Home&
Kitchen＞
Oven
Thermometers
Special
offers
and
product
promotions
Pay
with
your
credit
or
your
Amazon.com
Gift
Card.
Apply
now.
1.
Which
of
the
following
features
does
the
products
enjoy?
A.
It’s
made
of
quality
plastic
easy
to
be
bent.
B.
It
is
assisted
with
electronic
dial
reading
system
C.
It
could
be
positioned
within
the
oven
in
two
days.
D.
It
is
resistant
to
shake
and
pressure.
2.
Which
description
about
the
product
is
TRUE?
A.
It
provides
unconditional
domestic
and
international
shipping
B.
It
sells
best
in
Oven
Thermometers
section
on
Amazon.
C.
Over
3000
customers
have
commented
on
the
product.
D.
It
could
be
paid
for
only
through
credit
card.
3.
Which
of
the
following
products
is
NOT
likely
to
be
manufactured
by
Rubbermaid
Commercial
Products?
A.
Deskside
Plastic
Wastebasket.
B.
Airtight
Snack
Container
C.
Full
Pan
Carrier
D.
Over-ear
Bass
Sound
Stereo
Headphones
【答案】
Reading
Comprehension
（A）
(You
may
read
the
questions
first,)
SCREENGRABS
BBC1
PLANET
EARTH
9AM
Fresh
Water
provides
an
expansive
subject
for
the
third
programme
in
the
BBC’s
fascinating
new
natural
history
series.
Broadly,
we
investigate
the
world’s
lakes
and
rivers
and
the
creatures
which
inhabit
them.
Thus
we
visit
the
deepest
lake
on
the
planet,
Lake
Baikal
in
Siberia.
We
observe
large
colonies
of
Indian
smooth-coated
otters
(above)
looking
around.
A
magical
series
which
gives
us
a
real
sense
of
context
in
relation
to
the
planet
we
inhabit.
BBC2
FAMILY
GUY
11.45PM
Road
to
Europe.
Without
proper
identification,
Brain
and
Stewie
stow
away
on
a
plane
they
think
is
leaving
for
England.
They’re
wrong,
and
soon
they’re
in
Saudi
Arabia
(Brain:
“Oh
my
God,
we
are
finished.
We
are
lost
in
the
desert.”)
at
the
beginning
of
a
long
trip
home.
ITV1
AGATHA
CHRISTIE’S
POIROT
9
PM
Cards
on
the
Table.
Tonight’s
mystery
concerns
the
death
of
one
of
London’s
richest
and
most
mysterious
men,
Mr
Shaitana
(Alexander
Siddig),
who
has
a
fascination
with
crime.
Shaitana
hosts
dinner
and
a
game
of
bridge
in
his
apartment,
but
when
the
time
comes
for
the
first
guests
to
take
their
leave,
they
discover
that
their
host
has
been
stabbed
through
the
heart.
Channel
4
THE
GAMES:
LIVE
9
PM
For
the
first
time
on
The
Games,
the
men
fight
in
a
Kendo
Tournament,
using
1.2m
shinai
(Bamboo
swords).
The
women
compete
in
the
cycling,
racing
wheel-to-
wheel
on
competition
bikes
with
no
brakes.
Plus
other
news
from
the
English
Institute
of
Sport
in
Sheffield.
1.
The
Fresh
Water
series
at
9
PM
________.
A.
explores
the
lakes,
rivers
and
the
creatures
in
them
B.
is
devoted
to
the
freshwater
creatures
in
the
world
C.
explains
the
relationship
among
inhabitants
on
the
earth
D.
focuses
on
the
deepest
river
on
the
planet
【答案】
2.
The
phrase
“stow
away”
most
probably
means
“_________”.
A.
hide
secretly
B.
talk
excitedly
C.
operate
easily
D.
guide
successfully
【答案】
3.
A
mystery
story
adapted
from
Agatha
Christie’s
novel
will
be
shown
on
______.
【答案】
(B)
The
concept
of
peace
is
a
very
important
one
in
cultures
all
over
the
world.
Think
about
how
we
greet
people.
In
some
languages,
the
phrases
for
greetings
contain
the
word
for
peace.
In
some
cultures
we
greet
people
by
shaking
hands
or
with
another
gesture
to
show
that
we
are
not
carrying
weapons
–
that
we
come
in
peace.
And
there
are
certain
symbols
which
people
in
very
different
cultures
recognize
as
representing
peace.
Let’s
look
at
a
few
of
them.
The
dove
The
dove
has
been
a
symbol
of
peace
and
innocence
for
thousands
of
years
in
many
different
cultures.
In
ancient
Greek
mythology
it
was
a
symbol
of
love
and
the
renewal
of
life.
In
ancient
Japan
a
dove
carrying
a
sword
symbolized
the
end
of
war.
There
was
a
tradition
in
Europe
that
if
a
dove
flew
around
a
house
where
someone
was
dying
then
their
soul
would
be
at
peace.
And
there
are
legends
which
say
that
the
devil
can
turn
himself
into
any
bird
except
for
a
dove.
In
Christian
art,
the
dove
was
used
to
symbolize
the
Holy
Ghost
and
was
often
painted
above
Christ's
head.
But
it
was
Pablo
Picasso
who
made
the
dove
a
modern
symbol
of
peace
when
he
used
it
on
a
poster
for
the
World
Peace
Congress
in
1949.
The
rainbow
The
rainbow
is
another
ancient
and
universal
symbol,
often
representing
the
connection
between
human
beings
and
their
gods.
In
Greek
mythology
it
was
associated
with
Iris,
the
goddess
who
brought
messages
from
the
gods
on
Mount
Olympus.
In
Scandinavian
mythology
the
rainbow
was
a
bridge
between
the
gods
and
the
earth.
In
the
Bible
a
rainbow
showed
Noah
that
the
Biblical
flood
was
finally
over,
and
that
God
had
forgiven
his
people.
In
the
Chinese
tradition,
the
rainbow
is
a
common
symbol
for
marriage
because
the
colours
represent
the
union
of
yin
and
yang.
Nowadays
the
rainbow
is
used
by
many
popular
movements
for
peace
and
the
environment,
representing
the
possibility
of
a
better
world
in
the
future
and
promising
sunshine
after
the
rain.
The
olive
branch
The
olive
tree
has
always
been
a
valuable
source
of
food
and
oil.
In
Greek
mythology,
the
goddess
Athena
gave
the
olive
tree
to
the
people
of
Athens,
who
showed
their
gratitude
by
naming
the
city
after
her.
But
no
one
knows
for
sure
when
or
why
it
began
to
symbolize
peace.
There
is
probably
a
connection
with
ancient
Greece.
Wars
between
states
were
suspended
during
the
Olympic
Games,
and
the
winners
were
given
crowns
of
olive
branches.
The
symbolism
may
come
from
the
fact
that
the
olive
tree
takes
a
long
time
to
produce
fruit,
so
olives
could
only
be
cultivated
successfully
in
long
periods
of
peace.
Whatever
the
history,
the
olive
branch
is
a
part
of
many
modern
flags
symbolizing
peace
and
unity.
One
well-known
example
is
the
United
Nations
symbol.
4.
Who
played
the
major
role
in
making
the
dove
a
modern
symbol
of
peace?
A.
Pablo
Picasso.
B.
A
god
in
Greek
mythology.
C.
Jesus
Christ.
D.
Ancient
Japanese.
5.
How
many
examples
does
the
writer
give
to
show
the
rainbow
as
a
universal
symbol
of
peace?
A.
Two.
B.
Three.
C.
Four.
D.
Five.
6.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Different
Concepts
of
Peace.
B.
The
popularity
of
Peace
Symbols.
C.
The
Origins
of
Peace
Symbols.
D.
Cultural
Differences
in
Peace.
【答案】
（C）
The
Curse
of
the
Were-Rabbit(2005)
is
the
first
full-length
feature
film
made
by
directors
Nick
Park
and
Steve
Box
with
their
amazing
plasticine(粘土)
characters
Wallace
and
Gromit.
It
won
an
Oscar
in
2006,
and
if
you
watch
it,
you’ll
understand
why.
It’s
an
absolutely
brilliant
cartoon
comedy.
Cheese-loving
inventor
Wallace
and
his
brainy
dog
Gromit
have
started
a
company
to
protect
the
town’s
vegetables
from
hungry
rabbits.
However,
just
before
the
annual
Giant
Vegetable
Competition,
an
enormous
rabbit
begins
terrorising
the
town.
It
is
attacking
all
the
vegetables
and
destroying
everything
in
its
path.
The
competition
organizer,
Lady
Tottington,
hires
Wallace
and
Gromit
to
catch
the
monster
alive.
But
they
will
have
to
find
the
were-rabbit
before
gun-crazy
hunter
Victor
Quartermaine
who
is
desperate
to
kill
it.
The
screenplay
is
witty
and
full
of
amusing
visual
jokes.
As
usual,
the
voice
of
Peter
Sallis
is
absolutely
perfect
for
the
role
of
Wallace,
and
Gromit
is
so
beautifully
brought
to
life,
he
can
express
a
huge
range
of
emotions
without
saying
a
word.
And
both
Helena
Bonham-Carter,
who
plays
the
part
of
Lady
Tottington,
and
Ralph
Fiennes
as
Victor
are
really
funny.
To
sum
up,
The
Curse
of
the
Were-Rabbit
is
an
amazing
film
which
is
suitable
for
both
children
and
adults.
If
you
liked
Wallace
and
Gromit’s
previous
adventures
and
you
appreciate
the
British
sense
of
humour,
you’ll
love
this
film.
Don’t
miss
it!
【语篇导读】：这是一篇应用文，是一篇电影评论，有关一部卡通电影。
7.
In
the
film
review,
what
is
paragraph
A
mainly
about?
A.
The
introduction
to
the
leading
roles?
??
??
??
??
??
?
B.
The
writer’s
opinion
of
acting
C.
The
writer’s
comments
on
the
story?
??
??
??
??
??
???
D.
The
background
information
【答案】
8.
According
to
the
film
review,
“the
monster”
(paragraph
B)
refers
to
______.
A.
a
gun-crazy
hunter?
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??B.
a
brainy
dog
C.
a
scary
rabbit?
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
??
?
D.
a
giant
vegetable
【答案】
9.
Which
of
the
following
is
a
reason
why
the
writer
recommends
the
film?
A.
It’s
full
of
wit
and
humour.
B.
Its
characters
show
feelings
without
words.
C.
It
is
an
adventure
film
directed
by
Peter
Sallis.
D.
It
is
about
the
harmony
between
man
and
animals.
【答案】
(D)
Humpback
whales
Humpback
whales
are
sometimes
called
performers
of
the
ocean.
This
is
because
they
can
make
impressive
movements
when
they
dive.
The
name
“humpback”,
which
is
the
common
name
for
this
whale,
refers
to
the
typical
curve
shape
the
whale’s
back
forms
as
it
dives.[来
Sometimes
the
humpback
will
dive
with
a
fantastic
movement,
known
as
a
breach.
During
breaching
the
whale
uses
its
powerful
tail
flukes
to
lift
nearly
two-thirds
of
its
body
out
of
the
water
in
a
giant
leap.
A
breach
might
also
include
a
sideways
twist
with
fins
stretched
out
like
wings,
as
the
whale
reaches
the
height
of
the
breach.
A
humpback
whale
breathes
air
at
the
surface
of
the
water
through
two
blowholes
which
are
located
near
the
top
of
the
head.
It
blows
a
double
stream
of
water
that
can
rise
up
to
4
meters
above
the
water.
The
humpback
has
a
small
dorsal
fin
located
towards
the
tail
flukes
about
two-thirds
of
the
way
down
its
back.
Other
distinguishing
features
include
large
pectoral
fins,
which
may
be
up
to
a
third
of
the
body
length,
and
unique
black
and
white
spots
on
the
underside
of
the
tail
flukes.
These
markings
are
like
fingerprints:
no
two
are
the
same.
Humpback
whales
live
in
large
groups.
They
communicate
with
each
other
through
complex
“songs”.
Quick
Facts[
Size:
14m~18m
in
length
30~50
tons
in
weight
Living
Environment:
Open
ocean
and
shallow
coastline
waters
Migration:
From
warm
tropical
(热带的)
waters,
where
they
breed,
to
cold
polar
waters,
where
they
eat.
Diet:
Shellfish,
plants
and
fish
of
small
size
Hunting:
Sometimes
in
groups,
in
which
several
whales
form
a
circle
under
the
water,
blowing
bubbles
that
form
a
“net”
around
a
school
of
fish.
The
fish
are
then
forced
up
to
the
surface
in
a
concentrated
mass.
Current
state:
endangered;
it
is
estimated
that
there
are
about
5000~7000
humpback
whales
worldwide.
According
to
Quick
Facts,
a
humpback
whale
______.
A.
cannot
survive
in
waters
near
the
shore
B.
doesn’t
live
in
the
same
waters
all
the
time
C.
lives
mainly
on
underwater
plants
D.
prefers
to
work
alone
when
hunting
food
【答案】
11.
To
make
a
breach,
a
humpback
whale
must
______.
A.
use
its
tail
flukes
to
leap
out
of
the
water
B.
twist
its
body
sideways
to
jump
high.
C.
blow
two
streams
of
water
D.
communicate
with
a
group
of
humpbacks.
【答案】
12.
From
the
passage
we
can
learn
that
a
humpback
whale
______.
A.
has
its
unique
markings
on
it
tail
flukes
B.
has
black
and
white
fingerprints
C.
gets
its
name
from
the
way
it
hunts
D.
is
a
great
performer
due
to
its
songs
【答案】
Reading
Comprehension
(A)
Wanted,
Someone
for
a
Kiss
We’re
looking
for
producers
to
join
us
in
the
second
of
London
100FM.
You’ll
work
on
the
station’s
music
programmes.
Music
production
experience
in
radio
is
necessary,
along
with
rich
knowledge
of
modern
dance
music.
Please
apply
in
writing
to
Producer
Vacancies,
Kiss100.
Father
Christmas
We’re
looking
for
a
very
special
person
preferably
over
40,
to
fill
our
Father
Christmas
suit.
Working
days:
Every
Saturday
from
November
24
to
December
15
and
every
day
from
December17
to
December24
except
Sunday,
10:30—16:00
Excellent
pay.
Please
contact(联系)the
Enterprise
Shopping
Center,
Station
Parade,
Eastbourne.
Accountants
Assistant
When
you
join
the
them
in
our
Revenue
Administration
Unit,
you
will
be
providing
assistance
within
all
parts
of
the
Revenue
Division,
dealing
with
post
and
other
general
duties.
If
you
are
educated
to
GCSE
grade
C
level
we
would
like
to
talk
to
you.
This
position
is
equally
suitable
for
a
school
leaver
of
for
somebody
who
has
office
experience.
Wealden
District
Council
Software
Trainer
If
you
are
aged
24-45
and
have
experience
in
teaching
and
training,
you
could
be
the
person
we
are
looking
for.
You
should
be
good
at
the
computer
and
have
some
experience
in
programme
writing.
You
will
be
allowed
to
make
our
decision,
and
to
design
courses
as
well
as
present
them.
Pay
upwards
of
￡15,000
for
the
right
person.
Please
apply
by
sending
your
CV
(简历)
to
Mrs
R.
Oglivie,
Palmlace
Limited.
1.
Who
should
you
get
in
touch
with
if
you
hope
to
work
in
a
radio
station?
A.
Producer
Vacancies,
Kiss
100.
B.
Mrs
R.
Oglivie,
Palmlace
Limited.
C.
The
Enterprise
Shopping
Centre
D.
Wealden
District
Council.
【答案】
2.
We
learn
from
the
ads
that
the
Enterprise
Shopping
Centre
needs
a
person
who
_____.
A.
is
aged
between
24
and
40
B.
may
do
some
training
work
C.
should
deal
with
general
duties
D.
can
work
for
about
a
month
【答案】
3.
Which
position
is
open
to
recent
school
graduates?
A.
Producer,
London
Kiss.
B.
Father
Christmas.
C.
Accountants
Assistant
D.
Software
Trainer
【答案】
4.
What
kind
of
person
would
probably
apply
to
Palmlace
Limited?
A.
One
with
GCSE
grade
C
level.
B.
One
with
some
office
experience.
C.
One
having
good
computer
knowledge
D.
One
trained
in
producing
music
programmes.
【答案】
(B)
Mount
Cook
National
Park
is
home
of
the
highest
mountains
and
the
longest
glaciers.
It
is
alpine(高山)
in
the
purest
sense---with
skyscraping
peaks,
glaciers
and
permanent
snow
fields,
all
set
under
a
star-studded
sky.
Key
Highlights
Although
it
includes
23
peaks
over
3,000
metres
high,
this
park
is
very
accessible.
State
Highway
80
leads
to
Mt
Cook
Village
which
is
situated
beside
scenic
Lake
Pukaki
and
provides
a
comfortable
base
for
alpine
activities.
Far
from
city
lights,
the
stargazing
here
is
magnificent—Aoraki
Mount
Cook
National
Park
forms
the
majority
of
New
Zealand's
only
International
Dark
Sky
Reserve.
Mountaineers
regard
the
area
to
be
the
best
climbing
region,
while
less
skilled
adventurers
find
plenty
of
satisfaction
with
the
mountain
walks
that
lead
to
alpine
tarns,
herb
fields
and
spectacular
glacier
views.
Encounters
with
cheeky
kea
(mountain
parrots)
are
part
of
the
fun.
Key
Activities
Mountain
walks
There
are
10
short
walks
beginning
near
the
village.
All
tracks
are
formed
and
well
marked.
The
Red
Tarns
Track,
Kea
Point
and
the
Hooker
Valley
Track
each
take
around
two
hours
return.
For
more
experienced
alpine
hikers,
there
are
three
mountain
pass
routes—over
the
Mueller,
Copland
and
Ball
passes.
Glacier
viewing
and
skiing
Helicopters
and
ski－planes
provide
access
to
the
park's
fabulous
glaciers.
The
Tasman
Glacier
is
an
excellent
choice
for
intermediate
skiers,
while
the
Murchison,
Darwin
and
Bonney
glaciers
promise
excitement
for
advanced
skiers.
From
October
until
May,
you
can
explore
the
Tasman
Glacier's
terminal
lake
by
boat.
Mountaineering
Climbing
Mount
Cook
remains
the
ultimate
challenge,
but
there
are
many
other
peaks
to
tempt
experienced
climbers.
Tasman,
Malte
Brun,
Elie
de
Beaumont,
Sefton
and
La
Perouse
are
quite
popular..
Key
Tips
●Climbers
don't
require
permits,
but
are
requested
to
complete
a
trip
intentions
form.
●Local
guides
are
available
for
climbing,
walking
and
glacier
skiing.
●Winter
climbing
is
an
extreme
sport—only
recommended
for
well-prepared,
experienced
mountaineers.
●The
weather
can
change
very
suddenly—be
prepared
for
heavy
rainfall,
snow
and/or
high
winds.
●The
park
has
an
airport
serving
domestic
commercial
flights
and
scenic
flight
operators.
5.
Which
is
one
of
the
characteristics
of
Mount
Cook
National
Park?
A.
It
is
alpine
in
the
purest
sense
and
hard
to
reach.
B.
It
provides
star-shining
night
skies
for
visitors.
C.
It
attracts
less
skilled
climbers
to
all
alpine
activities.
D.
It
guarantees
visitors
a
sight
of
cheeky
kea.
【答案】
6.
Mike
is
an
experienced
adventurer
and
may
find
________
the
most
exciting.
A.
Mountaineering
on
Elie
de
Beaumont
B.
Mountain
walks
via
Hooker
Valley
Track
C.
Skiing
on
Tasman
Glacier
D.
Climbing
Mount
Cook
【答案】
7.
If
you
are
a
visitor
to
the
park,
you
should
________．
A.
properly
evaluate
your
own
experience
and
skill
B.
get
your
permit
prepared
before
you
start
to
climb
C.
hire
local
guides
to
help
you
to
train
for
climbing
D.
avoid
exploring
glaciers
in
winter
【答案】
(C)
Read
the
information
taken
from
the
pain
reliever
bottles
and
answer
the
questions.
Medicine
A
Drug
Facts
--------------------------------------------------------
Active
ingredient
Purpose
(in
each
tablet)
Pain
reliever/
325
mg…………..…………fever
reducer
Uses
provides
temporary
relief
of
■
headache
■
pain
and
fever
of
colds
■
toothache
■
muscle
pain
■
minor
pain
of
arthritis
Warnings
Reye’s
syndrome:
Children
and
teenagers
who
have
or
are
recovering
from
chicken
pox
or
flu-like
symptoms
should
not
use
this
product.
When
using
this
product,
if
changes
in
behavior
with
nausea
and
vomiting
occur,
consult
a
doctor
because
these
symptoms
could
be
an
early
sign
of
Reye’s
syndrome,
a
rare
but
serious
illness.
Alcohol
warning:
If
you
consume
3
or
more
alcoholic
drinks
every
day,
ask
your
doctor
whether
you
should
take
aspirin
or
other
pain
relievers/fever
reducers.
Aspirin
may
cause
stomach
bleeding.
Ask
a
doctor
before
use
if
you
have
■asthma
■stomach
problems
that
persist
or
recur
■ulcers
■
bleeding
problems
Stop
use
and
ask
a
doctor
if
■
pain
worsens
or
lasts
more
than
10
days
■
fever
worsens
or
lasts
more
than
3
days
■
new
symptoms
occur
■
redness
or
swelling
is
presents
■
ringing
in
the
ears
or
loss
of
hearing
occurs
Directions
■
adults:
1
to
2
tablets
with
water.
Dosage
may
be
repeated
every
4
hours,
not
to
exceed
12
tablets
in
24
hours.
■
children
under
12:
consult
a
doctor.
Medicine
B
Drug
Facts
--------------------------------------------------------
Active
ingredient
Purpose
(in
each
gelcap)
Pain
reliever/
500mg…………………..…fever
reducer
Uses
■
temporarily
relieves
minor
aches
and
pains
due
to
headache,
muscular
aches,
backache,
the
common
cold,
toothache,
minor
pain
of
arthritis
■
temporarily
reduces
fever
Warnings
Alcohol
warning:
If
you
consume
3
or
more
alcoholic
drinks
every
day,
ask
your
doctor
whether
you
should
take
This
product
or
other
pain
relievers/fever
reducers.
This
product
may
cause
liver
damage.
Overdose
warning:
Taking
more
than
the
recommend
dose
(overdose)
may
cause
liver
damage.
In
case
of
overdose,
get
medical
help
or
contact
a
Poison
Control
Center
right
away.
Quick
medical
attention
is
critical
for
adults
as
well
as
for
children
even
if
you
do
not
notice
any
signs
or
symptoms.
Directions
■
do
not
take
more
than
directed
(see
overdose
warning)
■
adults
and
children
12
years
and
over:
take
2
gelcaps
every
4
to
6
hours
as
needed.
Do
not
take
more
than
8
gelcaps
in
24
hours.
■
children
under
12
years:
do
not
use
this
adult
Extra
Strength
product
in
children
under
12
years
of
age;
this
will
provide
more
than
the
recommended
dose
(overdose)
of
acetaminophen
and
may
cause
liver
damage.
8.
Which
medicine
may
hurt
liver
according
to
the
instructions?
A.
Medicine
A.
B.
Medicine
B.
C.
Both
medicines.
D.
Neither
medicine.
91.
These
two
medicines
are
most
suitable
for
_____.
A.
a
child
who
has
a
common
cold
B.
an
adult
who
has
trouble
falling
asleep
C.
a
teenager
who
slightly
hurt
his
wrist
D.
an
old
man
who
has
stomach
bleeding
10.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
found
in
the
instructions?
A.
Acceptable
Daily
Intake
(ADI).
B.
Ingredients
of
the
medicine.
C.
Facts
about
the
origin
of
the
medicine.
D.
Names
of
the
doctors
to
consult.
【答案】
(D)
Taking
your
pulse
during
physical
activity
allows
you
to
measure
how
hard
you
are
exercising.
You
should
exercise
to
stay
within
your
target
heart
range.
(
?
Use
your
index
finger
(食指)
and
middle
finger.
Don’t
use
your
thumb
(拇指)
—it
has
a
pulse
of
its
own.
?
Place
these
two
fingers
on
your
wrist,
just
below
the
base
of
the
thumb.
?
Count
the
number
of
beats
(pulses)
for
15
seconds.
?
Take
this
number
and
multiply
by
4
to
find
your
heart
rate
in
beats
per
minute.
For
example,
if
you
count
25
beats,
25
x
4
=
100
beats
per
minute.
)
Increasing
your
heart
rate
is
a
key
part
of
exercise,
but
it
is
important
that
your
heart
rate
is
not
too
high
or
too
low.
If
you
are
a
beginner,
you
should
also
be
able
to
breathe
comfortably
while
exercising.
This
will
ensure
that
you
are
exercising
at
a
level
that
is
safe
and
effective
for
your
body.
The
chart
below
illustrates
target
heart
rate
ranges
for
exercise
based
on
the
maximal
heart
rate
for
selected
ages.
Here
are
the
steps
for
using
the
chart:
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
(
Measure
your
exercise
heart
rate
in
beats
per
minute
(BPM).
Look
at
the
chart.
-
Find
your
age.
If
your
age
falls
between
the
ages
listed,
round
up
to
the
next
older
age
listed.
-
Compare
your
heart
rate
to
the
target
exercise
range.
)
(
?
If
you
are
doing
moderate
exercise
,
your
heart
rate
should
be
closer
to
the
50%
range.
?
If
you
are
doing
vigorous
exercise
,
your
heart
rate
should
be
closer
to
the
85%
range.
?
Try
to
stay
in
the
50–85%
range
when
exercising
by
increasing
or
decreasing
exercise
intensity.
)
11.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE?
A.
Exercise
intensity
can
be
reflected
by
a
person’s
heart
rate.
B.
The
faster
your
heart
rate
is,
the
more
effective
the
exercise
is.
C.
Vigorous
exercise
will
definitely
present
a
threat
to
people’s
safety.
D.
The
target
exercise
heart
rate
range
for
a
45-year-old
is
90–149
BPM.
12.
A
34-year-old
man
is
running
and
the
number
of
pulses
he
takes
for
15
seconds
is
40.
His
fitness
coach
had
better
tell
him
_____________.
A.
“You
are
doing
fine.”
B.
“You
can
run
faster.”
C.
“You
should
slow
down
a
bit.”
D.
“You
should
drink
some
water.”
13.
What
is
the
purpose
of
this
passage?
A.
To
advise
people
to
form
a
habit
of
taking
their
pulses
while
exercising.
B.
To
inform
people
of
the
target
heart
rate
zone
for
those
aged
60
and
under.
C.
To
tell
people
the
importance
of
maintaining
moderate
amount
of
exercise.
D.
To
show
people
how
to
measure
heart
rate
to
keep
proper
exercise
intensity.
