人教版（2019）2020-2021学年高一英语必修第二册 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage词汇复习宝典

Unit
1
Cultural
Heritage
一、词汇解析
1.
former
adj.
以前的；
（两者中）前者的
in
former
times
从前
former
president
前总统
former
husband
前夫
the
former…
the
latter…
前者……后者……
2.
preserve
vt.
保存；保护；维持n.
保护区
preserve…from…
保护……免于……
preserve
the
peace
维护和平
preserver
n.
保护人；维护者
preservation
n.
维护；保护；保持；保存
3.
promote
vt.
促进；提升；推销；晋级
promote
sb.
to
提升某人为……
be
promoted
to.
.
.
被提升为……
be
promoted
to.
.
.
晋级为……
promote
their
new
books
促销他们的新书
promotion
n.
提升；提拔；晋升；晋级；升级；促销活动
4.
application
n.
申请（表）；
用途；运用；应用（程序）
an
application
form
申请表
an
application
for.
.
.
……的申请
apply
(to.
.
.
)
for.
.
.
(向······)申请……
apply
v.
申请；运用；应用；
(对……)
适用；专心致志
apply
to.
.
.
适用于……
apply.
.
.to.
.
.
把……应用到……
apply
oneself
(to
doing
sth.
)
专心致志（做某事）
applicant
n.
申请人
application意为“应用程序”时，可以缩写成app。
5.
take
part
in
参与（某事）；
参加（某活动）
take
part
in
=
participate
in
play
a
part
in
参与
辨析：
join/join
in/take
part
in/attend
（1）join表示加入某个组织或党派，也可后接某人表示“和某人一起”；
（2）join
in表示参加某项活动，此时可以与take
part
in互换；
（3）attend表示参加某种会议或仪式活动。
相关短语：
take
down写下；记下
take
in
吸收；接纳；欺骗
take
on
承担；呈现
take
apart拆卸；拆开
take
away
带走；减去
take
over
接收；接管
6.
give
way
to
让步；屈服
feel
one’s
way
摸索着前进；小心从事
make
one’s
way(to)
（朝……）前进
相关短语：
giveaway
赠送；泄露
give
in
屈服，让步；上交
give
up
放弃；投降
give
off
发出（光、热、声音、气体等）
give
out分发；垮掉；发出（热、声音、信号等）
7.
balance
n.
平衡；均匀vt.
使平衡
keep
a
balance
between…
and…
保持……与……之间的平衡
balance
A
with/and
B
同等重视/兼顾……和……
keep
(one's)
balance
保持平衡
lose
(one's)
balance
失去平衡；摔倒
8.
lead
to
导致
lead
sb.
to
…
引导某人去……（地方）
lead
sb.
to
do
sth.
导致某人做某事
lead
to
sb.
doing
sth.
导致某人做某事
lead
a.
.
.life
过……的生活
lead
the
way
领路；带路；处于领先地位
lead
sb.
to/into.
.
.
引领某人去/进入……
lead
n.
领先地位
take
the
lead
领先
in
the
lead
处于领先地位
9.
proposal
n.
提议；建议
agree
to
sb’s
proposal
同意某人的建议
10.
likely
adj.
可能的adv.
可能地
be
likely
to
do…
可能做某事
It's
likely
that…
很可能……
It
is
unlikely
that…不太可能……
11.
turn
to
向……求助
相关短语：
turn
on
打开
turn
off关闭
turn
in交上；提交
turn
down调低；拒绝
turn
up调高；出现
turn
out结果是；证明是
12.
limit
n.
限度；限制
vt.
限制；限定
limit
to
把……限制在……内（to时介词）
be
limited
to…
被限制在……
beyond/over
the
limit
超过限度
within
limits
在某种程度上；有一定限制
set
a
limit
on.
.
.
对……设限
There
is
a
limit
to…
有对……的限制
13.
prevent
vt.
阻止；阻碍；阻挠
prevention
n.阻止
prevent
sb./sth.
阻止某人或某物
prevent...from....
阻止……做……
14.
loss
n.
丧失；损失
at
a
loss
茫然；不知所措
suffer
a
loss
(of…)
蒙受（……的）损失
loss
of
sight
失明
lose
vt.
失去
be
lost
in
全神贯注；沉浸于
15.
contribution
n.
捐款；贡献；捐赠
contribute
vt.
&
vi.
捐献；捐赠
contribute
to
为…….捐献/撰稿；导致；促成
contribute…
to…
向……捐献/赠……；投稿
make
great
contributions
to
(doing)
sth.
对（做）某事做出了巨大的贡献
16.
within
prep.
&
adv.
（某段时间、距离或范围）之内
within
one's
reach
在某人伸手可及的范围之内
within
one's
power
在某人的能力范围之内
17.
conduct
n.行为；举止；管理方法vt.
组织；安排；带领
under
the
conduct
of
在……管理/指导下
cheating
conduct
舞弊/欺诈行为
conduct
sb.
into/to
领某人进入/到……
conduct
sb.
over/around
引导某人参观……
conduct
an
interview/survey
采访/调查
conduct
a
study/research
进行研究/调查
conduct
activities
组织活动
conduct
oneself
well/
badly
举止（表现）好差
18.
donate
vt.
（尤指向慈善机构）捐赠；赠送；献（血）
donate…
to…
向……捐赠……
donate
blood
献血
make
donations
to…
向……捐赠
19.
attempt
n.
&
vt.
企图；试图；尝试
attempt
to
do
努力/尝试做
make
an
attempt
to
do/at
doing
sth.
尝试做某事
make
an
attempt
at/on…
尝试……
one's
first
attempt
at/on...
某人第一次尝试……
20.
make
sure
确保；设法保证；（把某事）弄清楚；查明
make
sure
of
(doing)
sth.
确保（做）某事
make
sure
that...
确保/查明……
be
sure
of/about...肯定/确信……
be
sure
that...
确信……
for
sure无疑；肯定
21.
worthwhile
adj.
值得做的；值得花时间的
It
is
worthwhile
doing/
to
do
sth.
值得做某事
worthwhile可以单独作表语或定语（句子成分）
22.
entrance
n.
入口；进入
at
the
entrance
to…
在……的入口处
entrance
fee
入场费
make
one's
entrance
into…
进入……
23.
process
n.
过程；进程；步骤
vt.
处理；加工
in
process
在进行中
in
the
process
of
在……过程中
in
the
process
同时
be
processed
into.
.
.
被制成……
24.
forgive
vt.
&
vi.
原谅；宽恕
vt.
对不起；请原谅
forgive
sb.
for
(doing)
sth.
原谅某人（做了）某事
forgive
sb.
sth.
原谅某人某事
forgive
and
forget
不念旧恶；不记仇
forgiveness
n.
宽恕；原谅
ask/
beg/
pray
for
(sb's)
forgiveness
请求（某人的）原谅
forgiving
adj.
宽宏大量的；宽容的
forgiving
nature宽厚的天性
25.
throughout
prep.
各处；遍及；自始至终
throughout
the
world
遍及世界各地
throughout
the
year
一年到头
26.
quality
n.
质量；品质；素质；特征
adj.
优质的；高质量的
be
of
good/high
quality
高/好质量
quality
and
quantity
质量和数量
quality
guarantee
品质保障
core
quality
核心素养
quality
products优质产品
quality-oriented
education
素质教育
27.
tradition
n.
传统；传统的信仰或风俗
It
is
a
tradition
to
do
sth.
/
that…
做某事/……是一种传统
by
tradition
按照传统风俗
traditional
adj.
传统的；惯例的
28.
historic
adj.
历史上著名（或重要）的；有史时期的
historical
adj.
（有关）历史的；历史题材的
prehistoric
adj.
史前的
29.
opinion
n.
意见；想法；看法
in
one’s
opinion
在某人看来
have
a
good/
bad/
high/
low
opinion
of
对……评价好/不好/高/低
what
is
one’s
opinion
(on/about…)?
某人（对……）的看法是什么？
be
of
the
opinion
that…
相信；认为……
parison
n.
比较；相比
by
/in
comparison
(with
sb./
sth.)
（与某人/某物）相比较
a
comparison
of
A
and
/to
/
with
B
A与B的比较
31.
contrast
n.
对比；对照
by
contrast
对比之下，相反
in
contrast
to/
with
和……形成对比，和……对照
contrast
A
with
B
比较A和B
in
contrast
比较起来；与此相反
32.
identify
vt.确认；认出；找到
identify
sb.
doing
sth.
确认某人做某事
identify
oneself
as
自称是……
二、习题训练
1.We
can
only
tell
good
from
bad
by
_____
(compare).
2.He
was
too
far
away
to
be
able
to
_____
(identity)
his
face.
3.The
_______(tradition)
breakfast
in
this
area
includes
bacon
and
eggs.
4.Don't
you
think
it
worthwhile
_______(donate)
blood
to
help
those
in
need?
5.The
_______
as
a
doctor
is
admired,
and
you
have
become
a
_______.
Congratulations!
(profession)
6.With
the
development
of
______
(数字的）technology,
sound
and
video
can
now
be
stored
either
on
a
PC
or
on
the
Internet.
7.Please
write
to
me
soon
and
tell
me
your
_____
(意见)
about
it.
8.The
Chinese
hope
that
the
world
is
at
peace
_____
(永远).
9.It
is
a
_____
(传统）that
women
get
married
in
red
in
most
places
of
China.
10.In
the
_____
(过程)
of
growth，we
need
to
understand
our
parents.
11.I
plan
to
fix
a
lamp
in
the
kitchen
and
a
new
(镜子)
for
the
bathroom.
12.In
China,
the
idea
of
the
_____
(龙)
may
have
come
from
the
alligator.
13.He
told
us
that
his
_____
(屋顶)
needed
to
be
repaired.
14.
用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。
compare,
contrast,
far,
identify,
image,
paraphrase,
quality,
quote,
tradition,
throughout
1.America
is
_______
than
Japan,
but
it
is
beneficial
for
our
_______
study
abroad.
2.He
has
a
_______
view
of
women
that
they
can't
enter
jobs
_______
done
by
men.
3.You
are
a
public
figure,
so
you
should
know
how
to
improve
your
personal
4.When
_______
carefully,
the
human
heart
is
weak
in
_______
with
other
organs.
5.He
is
a
young
man
with
fine
_______,
and
completely
_______
for
the
position.
6._______
winter,
bears
sleep
under
snow
until
the
weather
becomes
warm
enough
for
them
to
wake
up.
7.The
police
have
already
_______
about
10
murder
suspects.
8.She
likes
_______
lines
from
her
favourite
poems.
With
these
_______,
she
can
express
her
feelings
better.
9.Would
you
_______
the
sentence
for
me?
I
really
can't
understand
it.
10.Though
there
are
similarities
in
the
two
cultures,
there
are
also
great
_______.
15.
Finding
and
keeping
the
right
balance
between
progress
and
the
1
(protect)
of
cultural
sites
can
be
a
big
challenge.
Big
challenges,
however,
can
sometimes
lead
2
great
solutions.
In
3
1950s,
the
Egyptian
government
wanted
to
build
a
new
dam
across
the
Nile
in
order
4
(control)
floods,
produce
electricity,
and
supply
water
to
more
5
(farmer)
in
the
area.
But
the
proposal
led
to
protests
6
water
from
the
dam
would
likely
damage
a
number
of
temples
and
destroy
cultural
relics.
After
7
(listen)
to
the
scientists
who
8
(study)
the
problem,
and
citizens
who
lived
near
the
dam,
the
government
turned
to
the
United
Nations
for
help
in
1959.
A
committee
9
(establish)
to
limit
damage
to
the
Egyptian
buildings
and
prevent
the
loss
of
cultural
relics.
Finally,
the
work
began
in
1960.
When
the
project
ended
in
1980,
it
was
considered
a
great
success.
Not
only
had
the
countries
found
a
path
to
the
future
that
did
not
run
over
the
relics
of
the
past,
but
they
had
also
learnt
that
it
was
possible
for
countries
to
work
together
to
build
a
10
(good)
tomorrow.
答案
1.答案：comparison
解析：考查词性转换.句意:我们只能通过比较辨别
好坏.
by
comparison相比较.
2.答案：identify
解析：考查词性转换.句意:他离得太远,没法识别面孔.
be
able
to后跟动词原形.
3.答案：traditional
解析：考查词性转换.句意:这个地区传统的早餐包括熏猪肉和鸡蛋.此处作定语修饰名词breakfast,故用形容词。
4.答案：donating/to
donate
5.答案：profession,
professional
6.答案：digital
7.答案：opinion
8.答案：forever
9.答案：tradition
10.答案：process
11.答案：mirror
12.答案：dragon
13.答案：roof
14.答案：1.
farther,
further
2.
traditional,
traditionally
3.
image
4.
compared,
comparison
5.
qualities,
qualified
6.
Throughout
7.
identified
8.
quoting,
quotations
9.
paraphrase
10.
contrast
15.答案：l.
protection
2.to
3.the
4.to
control
5.farmers
6.because
7.listening
8.had
studied
9.was
established
10.better
解析：l.
protection考查词性转换。定冠词the修饰名词，故用名词形式。
2.to考查介词。lead
to导致。
3.the考查冠词。在年代前应用定冠词。in
the
1950s在二十
世纪五十年代。
4.to
control考查固定搭配。in
order
to
do
sth.为了做某事。
5.farmers考查名词复数。farmer为可数名词，此处被more修
饰，因此应用复数形式。
6.because考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处表示原
因，故用because引导原因状语从句。
7.listening考查非谓语动词。介词after后应用动名词。
8.had
studied考查动词的时态。此处表示过去的过去，因此
用过去完成时。
9.was
established考查动词的时态和语态。主语committee与
establish之间为被动关系，由上下文语境可知，设空处动作发
生在过去，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。
10.better考查形容词的比较级。此处暗含比较，因此应使用
比较级。