冀教版英语七年级上册Unit 3 Body Parts and Feelings 知识点详解(含答案)

文档属性

名称 冀教版英语七年级上册Unit 3 Body Parts and Feelings 知识点详解(含答案)
格式 docx
文件大小 43.7KB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 冀教版
科目 英语
更新时间 2021-01-10 11:01:24

图片预览

文档简介

Unit 3 Body Parts and Feelings
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. smell
(1) smell作实义动词,意为“闻”。
例如:Please smell the soup! 请闻闻这汤!
smell作系动词,意为“闻起来”,后接形容词作表语。
例如:Dinner smells good. 晚饭闻起来很香。
【拓展】
(1) 类似smell作系动词的词还有:look(看上去);feel(感觉起来、摸上去);sound(听起来);taste(品尝)等。例如:
The music sounds beautiful. 这首音乐听起来很美。
The food tastes good. 食物尝上去很香。
注意:smell; look等系动词不同于系动词be,它们在变疑问句或否定句时不能简单地提到主语之前或加not,而是要通过助动词do/does/ did等来帮助实现。
例如:Does it smell nice? 它闻起来很好吗?
The chicken doesn’t taste good. 鸡肉尝起来不好。
How do the children look? 孩子们看起来怎么样?
(2)smell还可作名词,意为"气味"。
The air is filled with the smell of flowers.空气中弥漫着花香。
典例1.根据句意及首字母提示填空。
(2019·凉山州中考)The Russian soup s_________very nice.I can't wait to drink it.
2.hear v.听见
【用法详解】hear在此处作及物动词,后接名词或代词作宾语。
I heard a knock at the door.我听见有人敲门。
【拓展延伸】hear sb.do sth.意为“听见某人做某事”;hear sb.doing sth.意为“听见某人正在做某事”,强调经常性或重复性的动作。
I often hear her sing in the room.我经常听见她在房间里唱歌。
I hear her singing in the room.我听见她正在房间里唱歌。
3.like prep.像
【用法详解】like在此处作介词,常用于look,feel,sound等系动词之后,表示"看起来像/摸起来像/听起来像”等含义。
例句:I can't run that fast like you.我不能像你那样跑那么快。
She looks like her mother.她看上去像她妈妈。
4. play with
play with后接某人时,表示“和……一起玩”。with用作介词,表示“和……一起”。例如:Danny is playing with his friends. Danny正在和他的朋友们一起玩。
【拓展】play with后接表示物的名词时,意为“玩弄;摆弄”。
例如:Tom, don’t play with the snow any more. Tom,不要再玩雪了。
It’s dangerous to play with fire. 玩火是很危险的。
She is playing with her doll.她正在玩她的玩具娃娃。
语境串记:I often___________________________ on Saturday.We
often ___________________________ together.
我经常在周六和朋友们一起玩。我们经常一起玩球。
5. homework
(1) homework是一个合成词,意为“家庭作业”,是不可数名词。类似的合成词还有:housework家务活;classroom教室等。
例如:I have much homework to do this evening. 今晚我有许多作业要做。
This is our classroom. 这是我们的教室。
do one’s homework是固定搭配,意为“做作业”。
例如:I do my homework after school every day. 我每天放学后写作业。
【特别提醒】在do one's homework中do为实义动词,变为否定形式时不能直接在do的后面加not,要借助助动词do。
例句:I don't do my homework on Sunday evening.我在周日晚上不做家庭作业。
【拓展延伸】housework意为”家务劳动",do the housework意为“做家务”。
例句:My mother often does the housework.我妈妈经常做家务。
6. listen to
listen是不及物动词,与to连用,意为“听……”。
例如:Listen carefully! 认真听!
Don’t listen to him. 不要听他的话。
I like listening to music. 我喜欢听音乐。
【拓展】sound、hear和listen的辨析:
sound是系动词,后接形容词,表示“听起来”;
hear是及物动词,表示听到的结果;
listen是不及物动词,后面接宾语时,要加上to,表示听的动作。
例如:The song sounds wonderful! 那首歌听起来太精彩了!
He listened carefully, but he heard nothing.他仔细听,可什么也没听到。
   He is listening to the teacher. 他正在听老师讲课。
语境串记:_________!Some birds are singing in the tree.Please _________________them quietly.Can you _________them?
听!一些鸟正在树上唱歌。请静静地听。你能听到吗?
7. question
question 作名词,意为“问题”
例如:I have a question. 我有个问题。
I don’t want to answer this question. 我不想回答这个问题。
【拓展】question与problem的辨析:
question和problem都有“问题”的意思,但用法不同。question 指须解答的问题,是就疑问而言的;problem 指须解决的问题,是就困难而言的。
例如:What’s your question? Can you answer it?
你的问题是什么?你能自己回答吗?
What’s your problem? Can you solve it by yourself?
你的问题(困难)是什么?你能自己解决吗?
8.use
【用法详解】use作动词,use....for(doing)..意为“用……做…”,也可以说use..to do....
例句:We use our pens for writing,= We use our pens to write.我们用钢笔写字。
【拓展延伸】use还可作名词,意为”用;使用”。make (good) use of...意为”(充分)利用…"。
例句:It's no use crying.哭是没有用的。
We should make good use of our time.我们应该充分利用我们的时间。
9.mean
mean是及物动词,意为“意思是;指的是”。
例如:The red light means “stop”. 红灯意思是“停止”。
【拓展】
What does/do…mean?意为“……是什么意思?”
例如:What does “television” mean? television是什么意思?
mean的名词形式为meaning。What’s the meaning of…?意为“……是什么意思?”
例如:What’s the meaning of this word?这个单词是什么意思?
mean作形容词,意为”不善良的:刻薄的”。
例如:Don't be so mean to your little brother.不要对你的弟弟那么刻薄。
典例:用mean 或meaning填空。
—What does"glad"_________________
—Its________________is "happy".
10. sick
sick是形容词,意为“病的;恶心的;厌倦的”。
例如:Her mother was sick. 她妈妈病了。
I feel sick and I don't want to eat anything.我感到恶心,不想吃任何东西。
【拓展】sick和ill的辨析:
sick和ill都意为“生病的”,但用法不同:
ill作“生病的”讲时,只能作表语;
例如:The boy doesn’t like to eat anything. He can be ill.
这个男孩不愿意吃东西,他可能病了。
Lucy’s mother is sick/ill in hospital. Lucy的妈妈生病住院了。
sick意为“生病的,恶心的”时,既可作定语,又可作表语。
例如:She’ll visit her sick mother after school. 放学后她要去看望生病的妈妈。
11.scared
【用法详解】scared 作形容词,be scared of(doing) sth.意为”害怕(做)某事”,be scared to do sth.意为“害怕去做某事”。
例如:He is scared of snakes.他害怕蛇。
My best friend is scared of speaking in front of others.
我最好的朋友害怕在其他人面前讲话。
People are scared to take the bus late at night.人们害怕在深夜乘坐公共汽车。
12.make
【用法详解】make作使役动词,意为”使,使得”,后接不带lo的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
例如:My friend is a funny boy.He always makes us laugh.
我的朋友是一个滑稽的男孩。他总是让我们大笑。
【拓展延伸】(1)make sb./sth.+形容词,意为“使某人/某物…"。
例如:We make our classroom clean together.我们一起使教室变得干净。
(2)make sb./sth.+名词,意为“使某人/某物成为……"。
例如:My teacher tries to make me a good student.我的老师努力使我成为一名好学生。
(宜宾中考改编)The child is crying.Please do something to make him_________crying.
A.stops B.stop C.to slop
13. a bit
a bit意为“一点”。
例如:The dish tastes a bit sweet. 这道菜有点甜。
【拓展】a bit与a little的辨析:
相同之处:a bit与a little都可作程度副词,表示“稍微、一点儿”的意思,修饰动词、形容词、比较级等,二者可以互换。
例如:Will you please turn down the radio a bit/a little?
(动词) 请你把收音机声音关小一点好吗?
   She’s a bit/a little afraid of the teacher. (形容词) 她有点怕老师。
   Her mother feels a bit /a little better today.(比较级) 她母亲今天感觉好一些。
(2)不同之处:
  1) a little可以直接修饰不可数名词,而a bit修饰不可数名词时,只能用a bit of。例如:Tom has a little money. / Tom has a bit of money.汤姆有一点钱。
2) a bit和a little与not连用时,意思大相径庭。not a bit=not at all,意为“一点也不”;not a little=very much,意为“十分”、“相当”、“极其”。
例如:He is not a bit tired. 他一点不累。
   He is not a little tired. 他很累。
14.against 倚着,靠着;反对,违反
【用法详解】
(1)against作介词,在此处意为“倚着,靠着"。
例如:He stands with his back against the door.他背靠门站着。
(2)against作介词,还可意为“反对,违反"。be against意为”反对",其反义短语为be for,意为“支持,赞成"。
例如:We are for Li Lei,but they are against him.我们支持李雷,但是他们反对他。
No one can be against the law.没有人可以违反法律。
(3)against作介词,还可意为“与……比赛/对抗”play against意为”与……进行比赛/对抗"。
例如:We played against Class Three yesterday.我们昨天与三班进行了比赛。
(2018·无锡中考)Let's put the piano over there,_________the wall.
A.above B.against C.across D.around
15.think of 想出;想起
例如:They're still trying to think of a name for the baby.他们还在给那个婴儿取名字。
I can't think of her name.我想不起她的名字。
【拓展延伸】think of还可意为“考虑”,此时相当于think about。
例如:They are thinking of/about buying a new car.他们在考虑买一辆新车。
16.hurt
【用法详解】(1)hurt在此处作形容词,在句中常作表语。
例如:The boy is hurt.这个男孩受伤了。
(2)hurt可作动词,意为“感到疼痛”,主语常是身体部位。
例如:My head hurts.我头痛。
hurt作动词时,还可意为“伤害,弄伤"。
例如:I’m scared of hurting her feelings.我害怕伤她的感情。
He hurt his knee playing football.他踢足球时伤了膝盖。
17. enough
enough是形容词,意为“充足的,充分的,足够的”,可修饰可数名词与不可数名词,放在名词的前面或后面。
例如:One hour is enough. 一小时足够了。
I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。
We have got enough desks for the new students.
我们为新同学准备了足够的课桌。
【拓展】 enough还可作副词,意为“足够地”,常修饰形容词或副词,这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。
例如:The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.
那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。
Our classroom is big enough. 我们的教室足够大。
They work hard enough. 他们工作足够努力。
典例:根据句意及所给提示完成句子,每空一词。
(2018·苏州中考改编)—Can we put another bed in this room?
—Sure.It's_________ _________for a third one.(足够大)
18.almost
【用法详解】almost作副词,一般放在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词或情态动词之后。
例如:He reads books almost every day.他差不多每天都看书。
It's almost/nearly three o'clock.快三点了。
【拓展延伸】almost可与none(没有一个),nobody(没有人),nothing(没有什么)等表示否定含义的词连用。
例如:He eats almost nothing.他几乎什么都没吃。
Almost no one knows the news.几乎没有人知道这个消息。
词汇精练
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. He is very s_______________. He must see a doctor.
2. Students should do their h_______________ every day.
3. Let’s have a r_______________.
4. What’s the m_______________ with you?
5. You have a cold. S_______________ home and have a good rest.
6. He is not here. He has a bad _______________(头痛).
7. He looks _______________(逗人喜爱的).
8. I don’t want to _______________(伤害) you.
9. Tom is _______________(十二) years old.
10. I wear _______________(眼镜).
二、英汉互译。
1. 和……一起玩_______________
2. do one’s homework_______________
3. 听我说_______________
4. wave one’s hand_______________
5. 有点,稍微_______________
6. stand against/upon _______________
7. have a cold_______________
8. 待在家里_______________
9. have a rest_______________
10. look different_______________
三、用have或has填空。
1. The desk _______________ four legs.
2. The school _______________ thirty classes.
3. Do you _______________ an eraser?
4. My teacher _______________ two big black eyes.
5. What do they _______________?
6. Su Jia and He Dong _______________ two chairs.
7. Does she _______________ nice dress?
8. She _______________ two eyes.
9. He doesn’t _______________ any hair.
10. — How is your mother today?
— She _______________ a stomachache.
【参考答案】
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. sick 2. homework 3. rest 4. matter 5. Stay 6. headache 7. cute
8. hurt 9. twelve 10. glasses
二、英汉互译。
1. play with 2. 做家庭作业 3. listen to me 4. 挥手
5. a bit 6. 靠着……站 7. 感冒 8. stay home 9. 休息一下 10. 看起来不同
三、用have或has填空。
1. has 2. has 3. have 4. has 5. have 6. have 7. have 8. has 9. have 10. has
句式精讲
1. — How tall …?
— …meters tall.
How tall…?是询问身高的固定句式,意为“……多高?”。
例如:— How tall are you? 你多高?
— I’m 1.65 meters tall. 我1.65米高。
…meters tall为固定句式,tall跟在米数后面表示身高。
例如:He’s 1.70 meters tall. 他身高1.70米。
【拓展】"how”构成的疑问词组及用法
how old询问年龄
how long询问物体的长度或时间有”多长"
how many询问可数名词数量的"多少"
how much询问不可数名词数量的”多少“或询问价格
how far询问距离有"多远"
例如:—How long is the river?这条河多长?
—It's about 1500 metres.它大约1500米长。
—How many apples do you want?你想要多少苹果?
—15. 15个。
—How much is the sweater?这件毛衣多少钱?
—60 yuan. 60元。
—How far is it from your home to school?从你家到学校有多远?
—3kilometres. 3千米。
【拓展】How +do/does+主语+feel(+其他)?
【用法详解】该结构是由how引导的特殊疑问句,意为"………感觉怎么样?”,用来询问他人的身体状况或内心的感受,常用表示身体状况或感觉的形容词来回答。
—How do you feel?你感觉怎么样?
—I'm happy.我感觉很开心。
-How does he feel today?他今天感觉怎么样?
-He feels tired.他感觉很累。
典例:Jenny feels happy today.(对画线部分提问)
_________ ________Jenny_________ today?
2. What’s wrong? / What’s the matter?
What’s wrong?和What’s the matter?是用来询问对方出了什么毛病或问题,意为“怎么了?”,是医生询问病人病情时的常用语,也可询问某物出了什么毛病或故障。
例如:— What’s the matter? 你怎么了?
—I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。
—What’s wrong, Tom? Tom怎么了?
—I don’t feel very well. 我感觉不太舒服。
—What’s wrong with this clock?这个闹钟怎么了?
—It doesn’t work.它坏了。
【拓展】 What’s the matter?和What’s wrong?后可接with sb. / sth,即What’s the matter with sb./ sth.?或What’s wrong with sb./sth.?意为“某人/某物怎么了?”
例如:
What’s the matter with you? = What’s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
—What’s wrong / What’s the matter with your leg? 你的腿怎么了?—Nothing. 没什么。
注意:matter是名词,其前只能加定冠词the;wrong是形容词,前面不需要加任何冠词。不能说What’s your wrong?和What’s your matter?
典例:(宜昌中考改编) —You don't look well._________with you?
—I have a fever and can't stop coughing.
A.What's happening B.What is it
C.What's on D.What's wrong
3. had better do sth.
had better(常简略为’d better)是一固定词组,had better意为“最好”,用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点:
  (1)had better后面必须跟动词原形,构成had better do sth.句型。
   注意:这里的had不能用have来替换。
例如:You’d better go to hospital at once.你最好立即去医院看病。
   Tom, you’d better go there today.汤姆,你最好今天去那里。
主语不论是第几人称,句子不论是什么时态,都要用had better的形式。
例如:Now you(he; we) had better listen to the teacher.
你(他,我们)现在最好听老师讲。
其否定形式为had better not do sth.,意为“最好不要做某事"。
例如:You'd better not play in the street.你最好不要在街道上玩耍。
典例:(2018·达州中考)
—I have a bad cold,mom.
—Oh,dear!You'd better_________a doctor with me in a minute.
A.will see B.see
C.not see D.seeing
4. What does he/she look like?
What does/do sb. look like? 表示“某人长什么样子?”,用来询问别人的长相,回答时可用“主语+be + 形容词”或“主语 + have/has + 形容词+名词”两种方式来描述人的外表。
例如:— What does the woman look like? 那位女士长什么样子?
— She’s tall and thin. 她又高又瘦。
—What do they look like?她们长什么样?
—They have long hair.她们留着长发。
注意:What do/does+sb.+ like?意为"某人喜欢什么?”,用来询问某人的喜好。
—What does he like?他喜欢什么?
—He likes apples.他喜欢苹果。
What +be+sb.+ like?意为“某人怎么样?”,侧重于询问某人的性格特征。
—What's he like?他是一个什么样的人?
—He is friendly and kind.他友好善良。
(烟台中考改编)一 _______________?
—She is of medium(中等的)height with blue eyes.
A.How is Rita
B.What does Rita like
C.What does Rita look like
D.How do you like Rita
5. She has short blond hair.她留着金色的短发。
He has three black hairs.他有三根黑发。
【用法详解】hair作名词,一般为不可数名词,如果是强调”(一根一根的)毛发”,是可数名词。
例如:Lily’s hair is long and black.莉莉的头发又长又黑。
I can see two white lg hairs on your head.在你的头上我看到了两根白头发。
注意:多个词修饰同一个名词时的顺序
限定词+描述性词+大小形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料
限定词包括冠词(a,an,the)、物主代词、指示代词(this,that,these, those)和数词等,描述性形容词有cold,beautiful,bad,great等。
例如:a large old brick dining hall 一个旧的砖砌的大餐厅
two beautiful new green silk evening dresses 两件又新又漂亮的绿色丝绸晚礼服
巧学妙记:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,
颜色国籍与材料,作用类别往后靠。
6.We All Look Different!我们看上去都不同。
【用法详解】different作形容词,既可作表语也能作定语。常用结构be different from...意为"与……不同",其反义短语为be the same as..."和……一样"。
My schoolbag is different from yours,but it is the same as hers.
我的书包与你的不同,但和她的一样。
【拓展延伸】different adj.不同的 ______________n.不同,差异
______________ adv.不同地
典例:(烟台中考改编)Many teenagers(青少年)don't like to talk with their parents.But I am ______________ them.I love to share my joy(快乐)and sorrow(悲伤)with my parents.
A.the same as B.different from
C.interested in D.angry with
7.Li Ming tells Wang Mei to go and see a doctor.李明叮嘱王梅去看医生。
tell sb.to do sth.叮嘱某人做某事
【用法详解】该结构的否定形式为tell sb.not to do sth.,意为“叮嘱某人不要做某事"。
My mother tells me to have lunch at my grandma's home.
妈妈叮嘱我在奶奶家吃午饭。
Please tell your little brother not to go out at night.
请叮嘱你的弟弟夜晚不要出去。
典例:My parents always tell me_____________more vegetables and fruit.
A.eat B.eating C.to eat D.eats
8.I wear glasses.我戴着眼镜。
【用法详解】glasses作名词,在此处意为“眼镜”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
wear glasses意为“戴着眼镜”。
The beautiful lady with glasses over there looks like our English teacher.
那边那位戴眼镜的漂亮女士看上去像我们的英语老师。(选自2019黄石中考第30题)
【特别提醒】数词+pair(s)+of glasses"表示“几副眼镜”,如:a pair of glasses
意为“一副眼镜”,three pairs of glasses意为“三副眼镜”。该结构作主语时,谓语动词的数跟pair的数保持一致。
There are two pairs of glasses on the teacher's desk.老师的桌子上有两副眼镜。
There is a pair of glasses here. 这儿有一副眼镜。
【拓展延伸】(1)glass意为"玻璃”时,为不可数名词。
Be careful with the glass on the ground.It will hurt you.小心地上的玻璃。它会伤到你。
glass意为"玻璃杯”时,为可数名词。其复数形式为glasses。
a glass of ....意为"一杯……"。
You can drink with a glass.你可以用玻璃杯喝水。
I want a glass of milk and two glasses of water.我想要一杯牛奶和两杯水。
典例:—The sun is shining brightly.
—Why not wear a pair of___________ to protect(保护)your eyes?
A.glass B.glasses C.sock D.socks
句式精练
一、完成句子,每空一词。
1. 我能用我的鼻子闻。
I _______________ _______________ _______________ my nose.
2. 这个单词的意思是什么?
_________ __________ this word ______________?
__________ is __________ _______ __________ this word?
3. 他、她多高?
_______________ _______________ is he/she?
4. 他/她身高1.6 米。
He/She is _______________ _______________ _______________.
5. 你今天感觉怎么样?
_______________ do you _______________ today?
6. 怎么了?
_______________ _______________?
7. 你最好去看医生。
___________ ____________ ____________ _____________ __________ a doctor.
二、句型转换,每空一词。
1. What does this word mean? (改为同义句)
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________ this word?
2. We use many colors for our feelings. (对划线部分提问)
_______________ do ____________ ____________ for ______________ feelings?
3. Tom is 1.56 metes tall. (对划线部分提问)
_______________ _______________ is Tom?
4. I have short blond hair. (改为一般疑问句)
_______________ you _______________ short blond hair?
5. Stand up, please. (改为否定句)
_______________ _______________ up, please.
三、改错。
下列各句均有一处错误,请找出来并改正。
1. What is the matter for your watch?
A B C D
2. I feels very tired today.
A B C D
3. How many foot do you have?
A B C D
4. My mother has headache.
A B C D
5. I cut my fingers. So I feel very happy.
A B C D
四、从方框中选择句子补全对话。
Li Ming: Hello! Jenny!
Jenny: 1
Li Ming: How do you feel today?
Jenny: 2
Li Ming: 3
Jenny: I feel cold and 4
Li Ming: I’m sorry to hear that.
Jenny: How are you today, Li Ming?
Li Ming: 5
Jenny: We are the same.
A. What’s the matter with you?
B. I have a stomachache.
C. Hello! Li Ming!
D. I have a stomachache, too.
E. I feel sad.
【参考答案】
一、完成句子,每空一词。
1. can smell with 2. What does; mean; What; the meaning of 3. How tall 4. 1.6 meters tall
5. How; feel 6. What’s wrong 7. You’d better go and see
二、句型转换,每空一词。
1. What’s the meaning of 2. What; you use; your 3. How tall 4. Do; have
5. Don’t stand
三、改错。
1. C。for→ with 2. B。feels→ feel 3. B。foot→feet 4. D。headache→a headache或C。has→has a 5. D。happy→sad
四、从方框中选择句子补全对话。
1. C 2. E 3. A 4. B 5. D
同课章节目录