译林牛津英语七上Unit 6：学案（fashion（1））

译林牛津英语七上Unit 6：学案（fashion（1））
Unit 6 fashion（1）
知识积累
I don’t know what to wear today, hobo. 霍波，我不知道今天该穿什么。
What to do 是由“疑问词+动词不定式”构成的动词不定式短语，在句中作know的宾语。类似表达还有：
We know how to do it . 我们知道该怎么做它。
They learned when to start. 他们获悉什么时候出发。
She doesn’t know where to go. 她不知该去哪儿。
We don’t know which one to choose.我们不知该选哪一个。
2． I can spend 10 more minutes in bed then .那么我能在床上再多睡10分钟。
10more minutes 意为“再(又)10分钟”。在表示数量的限定词后加more 表示“再…（又）…”如：
Can you give me two more cakes 你能再给我两个蛋糕吗？
Please pass me some more tea. 请再递给我些茶。
3． Last Friday, the class I, grade 7 students gave a fashion show to raise money for project hope. 上周五，七年级一班的同学为希望工程募钱而举行了一次时装表演。
动词短语give a fashion show 意为“举行时装表演”。Give 相当于have/hold.
类似的表达还有：give a concert 举行音乐会 give a banquet 举行宴会 give a talk 举行报告会 give a show 举行展览
4．Millie wants to join in the fashion show. 米莉想参加时装表演。
动词join用法如下：
join作“连接、结合”讲，常与together ,up 连用。如：
join the two ends of the tape together. 把磁带两端连起来。
Join two islands with a bridge.一桥连接二岛。
join 作“加入，参加”讲，常指加入某团体、组织、队伍等。如：
he joined the army 。他从军了。
Why not join us in the tennis match 为什么不参加我们的网球比赛吗？
5．Some students wore clothes from the 1960s and the 1970s.一些学生穿20世纪60年代70年代的衣服。
英语中，在表示整十的年份后加s.则表示“….世纪…年代”。 如：
1840s 19世纪40年代 1990s 20世纪90年代 2020s 21世纪20年代
特别提示：表示“在…年代”和“在….年”，常用介词in. 如：
In 2004 在2004年、in 1980s 在20世纪80年代
Millie gave an interesting talk on “the life of a trainer”.米莉作了一个关于“运动鞋传记”的有趣报告
on 在句中作“关于”讲，相当于about ，on 常指“关于”学术、专业或单纯某方面的内容，而about 则泛指所有的人或物，有“关于，大约”之意。如：
Mr Wang gave us a talk on how to learn English.王先生给我们作了一个关于英语学习的报告。
She told me something about the man.
她告诉我有关那人的情况。
interesting 是形容词，意为“趣味的，有兴趣的”，常用作定语或表语，同义词interested为表语形容词，只用于固定搭配be /become interested in 中。如：
the book is very interesting , I’m interested in it. 这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
This is an interesting story. We are all interested in it. 这是一个有趣的故事，我们都对它感兴趣。
Amy looked cool! She wore a yellow silk blouse with a blue silk scarf and a pair of blue jeans at the show!埃米看起来很酷！在表演台上她穿一件黄色的带有一条蓝色丝绸围巾的丝绸衬衫和一件蓝色的牛仔裤。
look在句中作连系动词，其后常接形容词构成系表结构。又如：
the man looked worried .那人看起来着急。
The look fine.他们看起来气色不错。
with在句中表示“伴有，带有”构成的介词短语常作名词的后置定语。如：
there is a hair clip with a flower on the floor. 地板上有一个带花的发卡。
The cup with a cover is li leis .那个带盖子的杯子是李雷的。
表示“一条/一双”要说a pair of .如：
A pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤
A pair of trousers 一条裤子
A pair of shoes 一双鞋
A pair of glasses 一副眼镜
特别提示：
注意 jeans, trousers, shoes, glasses, tears, parents, twins, socks, scissors, compasses等这些词在使用时常以复数形式出现，作主语时，主谓要保持一致。
8.millie talked about sports shoes called….米莉谈到了叫…运动鞋
句中called 是动词call的过去分词形式，在此作形容词修饰名词shoes,英语中有很多类似的情况如：
There is a boy called tom in our class .我们班上有个叫汤姆的男孩
They live in a village called changjiang.他们住在一个叫长江村的地方。
He was the first man got the prize. 他是获得那奖励的第一个人。
一般过去时态
定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night , half an hour ago, in 2000等。也表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often always 等表示频度的时间状语连用。例如：I got up at 6:00 yesterday. 昨天我6点钟起床。
My father was at work yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我父亲在工作。
He always went to work by bus last year.去年他总是乘公共汽车去上班。
一般过去时的构成如下表：
动词 肯定式 否定式
Be I was…He (she , it )was…We(you, they )were… I was not (wasn’t )…He (she, it)was not (wasn’t )…We(you, they )were not (weren’t )
Work I (you, he , she, it, we, you, they) worked. I (you, he, she, it, we, you, they)Did not (didn’t ) work
Therebe There was….There were… There was not (wasn’t) …There were not (weren’t) …
疑问式和简略答语
动词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
be Was I …. Yes, you were.No, you were not. Were you… Yes, I was.No. I was not. Was he (she, it )… Yes ,he(she ,it)was.No, he (she, it) was not
Were we… Yes, we(you)were.No, we(you)were not. Were you… Yes , we were.No, we were not. Where they… Yes, they were.No, they were not.
疑问式和简略答语
Work Did I work Yes, you did.No, you did not. Did you work Yes, I did.No, I did not. Did he (she, it )work Yes, he (she, it)didNo, he (she, it) did not.
Did we work Yes, we(you)did.No, we(you)did not Did you work Yes, we did.No, we did not. Did they work Yes, they did . No, they did not.
There Be Was there a/any… Yes, there was.No, there was not. Were there any… Yes, there were.No, there were not.
动词过去式的构成：
规则变化及其读音
规则动词过去式的构成如下表：
构成规则 原形 过去式
一般动词原形末尾加-ed LookPlaystart LookedPlayedStarted
结尾是e的动词加-d LiveHopeuse LivedHopedUsed
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed StopPlantrip StoppedPlannedtripped
结尾是“辅音字母+”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加–ed. StudyCarryworry StudiedCarriedworried
规则动词的过去式加-ed后的发音规则如下表：
读音 例词
在浊辅音和元音后面 [d] Called borrowedMoved enjoyed Welcomed answered
在清辅音后面 [t] Finished helpedPassed cooked
在[t],[d]音后面 [id] Wanted shoutedNeeded counted
B不规则变化
不规则动词的过去式参见课本第108页《不规则动词表》常见的不规则动词有：
Am/is—was are-were go-went have-had do-did get-got come-came say-said see—saw put—put eat—eat take—took
一般现在时和一般过去时的区别：
用法区别：
一般现在时主要表示：
经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。常和often（常常），usually(通常)，always(总是)，every day (每天)，sometimes(有时)等表示频度的时间状语连用。如：
I get up at 6:00 every day. 我每天6：00起床。
▲普遍真理。如：the moon moves round the earth. 月亮绕着地球转。
▲瞬间动词的现在时表将来。如：my uncle leaves for Beijing tomorrow. 我叔叔明天要去北京。
②一般过去时主要表示：
过去某一时间或某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态。一般和表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday(昨天)，yesterday afternoon（昨天下午），the day before yesterday(前天)，last night (昨夜)，last Saturday(上周六)， last week（上周），last year(去年)，half an hour ago(半小时前)，a moment ago(不久前)，just now(刚才)，two days ago (两天前)， in 19998等。如：I was ill yesterday.我昨天生病了。
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。也可以和often（常常），always(总是)等表示频度的时间状语连用。如：I always went to school by bike last year. 我去年经常骑车上学。
结构区别：
一般现在时：主语+原形动词。要特别记住在单数第三人称后动词加-s/-es.
比较下列常用的三组结构：
一般现在时
He is a teacher. He is not a teacher. Is he a teacher Yes, he is . no. he isn’t .
一般过去时
He was a teacher. He was not a teacher. Was he a teacher Yes, he was. No, he wasn’t.
一般现在时
He has seafood for dinner sometimes. Day. he doesn’t have seafood for dinner
Sometimes. Does he have seafood for dinner some times Yes, he does. No. he doesn’t
一般过去时
He had seafood for dinner yester. He didn’t have seafood for dinner yesterday. Did he have seafood for dinner yesterday Yes , he did. No. hi didn’t
一般现在时
He often goes hiking. He doesn’t often go hiking . does he often go hiking Yes, he does. No. doesn’t
一般过去时
He went hiking yesterday. He didn’t go hiking yesterday. Did he go hiking yesterday Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
10.事情发生先后次序的正确表达
为了表示事情发生的先后顺序，我们常用以下副词：first, then , next, after-wards , finally. 这些副词表示的先后顺序如下图所示：
特别提示：这些表示事情发生先后次序的副词常位于句首，除then一词外，其余各词均要用逗号与主句隔开；afterwards作副词时也可以写成after-ward; finally相当于at last 或in the end.
11. I was a piece of leather. 我是一块皮革
Piece是名词，意为“个、张、片、块、曲、篇、条、首、支”piece与of构成短语piece of 用在不可数名词前，表示该名词的数量；piece与形容词连用时，形容词常置于piece之前。如：
A piece of paper 一张纸
A piece of bread 一片面包
A piece of music 一曲音乐
A piece of chalk一支粉笔
A piece of information 一则信息
A big piece of ice一大块冰
A small piece of wood 一小块木头
A valuable piece of advice 一条宝贵的忠告
A wonderful piece of poetry一首绝佳的诗
特别提示：
（1）a piece of 后只能接不可数名词
（2）a piece of如表示复数形式，则将piece变为pieces.如：
A piece of bread→two pieces of bread
A big piece of paper→four big pieces of paper
12.first, I changed from brown to white. 首先，我由棕色变成白色。
（1）动词change意为“改变，变更，变换”是规则动词，过去式为changed,其后可接名词或副词。如：she changed her mind。她改变了主意。
He，s changed a lot since I saw him last. 自从上次我见到他以来，他改变了很多。
from…to…意为“自…到….”既可表示时间，也可表示地点。如：
from Wuhan to Beijing 从武汉到北京
from Monday to Friday 从星期一到星期五
13．Then the shoemaker cut me into the shape of a shoe.接着，鞋匠把我切割成鞋的形状。
句中cut…into…意为“把…切成、割成”。又如：
He cut the cake into halves. 他将蛋类切成两半。
Please cut the apples into small pieces. 请将这些苹果切成小碎片。
14． Finally , he put a shoelace into me. 最后，他给我穿一根鞋带。
动词短语put…into意为“把….放进…；把…译成…”如：
Please put your books into bags. 请将你们的书放进书包里。
she put the story into English. 她将这个故事译成了英语。
15．What are these made of 这些是由什么制成的？
（1）be made of …意思是“由…制成”，其含义表示从制成品能看出原材料是什么。如：the desk is made of wood. 这张课桌是用木头做的。
（2）be made from…的意思也是“由…制成的”，但其含义表示从制成品看不出原材料。如：paper is made from wood. 纸是用木头做的。
（3）be made in…意思是“由（什么地方）生产的”，表示某一物品在某地产或制造，in后面接表示地点的名词。如：this kind of bike is made in shanghai.这种自行车是上海生产的。
16．The shops are closed. 商店都关了门。
（1）close 作动词时，意为“关，关闭”，反义词为open.如：please close the door.请把门关上。
Close your books and listen to me carefully.关上书并仔细听我讲。
close的过去分词形式closed 可用作形容词，上句中就是这种情况，其反义词仍然是open. Open既可作动词也可作形容词。如：
the shop isn’t closed. Its open .商店门没关，它开着。
Its Sunday today, the school is closed.今天是星期天，学校关了门。
17． We need some exercise so we walked around the shopping mall for a long time 我们需要一些锻炼，所以我们在购物中心周围步行了很长时间。
（1）around在句中作介词，意为“在…周围；环绕…；在…附近；在…四处；朝各个方向；到处”。如：
The earth woves around the sun.地球绕着太阳运行。（环绕…）
There is a wall around the garden 庭院四周有一道墙。（在..四周）
She looked around the room to see if he was there.她环顾室内，看他是否在那儿。（朝…四处；遍及）
There aren’t many stores around here.这儿附近没有几家商店。（在…附近）
（2）around 作副词，有“环绕，在四周”之意。如：
the dog ran around in the garden .那只狗在院子里跑来跑去。
When the teacher called them .the students gathered around. 老师一呼唤，学生就聚集在四周。
同步练习
写出下图中服装的名称。
II．将下列句子与图画配对
Amy is wearing a yellow ilk blouse.
Sandy is wearing a pair of long red boots.
Daniel is wearing a blue and yellow T-shirt.
Simon is wearing a red and yellow tie.
Daniel is wearing a pair of colourful trainers.
Sandy is wearing a black skirt.
III.写出下列动词的过去式。
Give
Look
Show
Use
Plan
Walk
Make
Want
Talk
Borrow
Start
Dress
Cost
Send
Wear
Have
Study
Help
Stop
Put
get
IV.将下列句子变成否定句、一般疑问句，并作答。
He was at school yesterday.
/
They were at home last night.
/
We gave a fashion show yesterday.
/
There were some students in the classroom
/
She did her homework an hour ago.
/
V.根据下图提示，描述一下花园小区的居民们昨天都做了些什么？请给每幅图写一句话，提示词要用上，时态为一般过去时。
1．
2．
3．
4．
5．
6．
7．
8．
VI．图句配对，将下列句子的序号填在图中相应的位置。
afterwards, I have lessons.
Then I go to school.
Next, I go to assembly.
Finally, I have lunch.
First, I get up.
Mr mott正在参观第十四中学，现在他正和ANN交谈。请根据对话内容，回答短文后的问题。
MOTT：hello, ann! May I ask you some questions
ANN: certainly.
MOTT: when were you born
ANN: I was born on may 18, 1987.
MOTT: where were you born
ANN: I was born in England—in a small town near London.
MOTT: how long did you live there
ANN: we lived there for about nine years . then we moved to france.
MOTT: why did you move there
ANN: because my father found work there.
MOTT: when did you come to china
ANN: we came here about two years ago .
MOTT: why did you come here
ANN: because my parents wanted to work in china.
MOTT: do you enjoy living here
ANN: yes ,we do . very much.
MOTT: how is your Chinese Can you understand your lessons in Chinese
ANN: my Chinese is so-so. At first I found it hard, but now I can understand most of the lessons.
MOTT: that’s great! Good luck with your Chinese!
ANN: thank you, mr mott.
ASK and answer these questions:
how long did ann live in England
where did the family move to
why did they move
when did they come to china
why did they come to china
how good is an’s Chinese
参考答案
I．1．jacket 2. shirt 3. tie 4. trousers 5. shoes 6. blouse 7. skirt 8. boots
II. 1. b 2. a 3. f 4. d 5. e 6. c
III. 1.gave 2. looked 3. showed 4. used 5. planned 6. walked 7. made 8. wanted 9. talked 10. borrowed 11. started 12. dressed 13. cost 14. sent 15. wore 16. had 17. studied 18. helped 19. stopped 20. put 21. got
IV.
he wasn’t at school yesterday. Was he at school yesterday Yes ,he was ./no .he wasn’t
they weren’t at home last night. Were they at home last night Yes ,they were. /no ,they weren’t.
we didn’t give a fashion show yesterday. Did you give a fashion show yesterday Yes, we did ./no ,we didn’t.
there weren’t and students in the classroom. Were there any students in the classroom Yes, there were . /no ,there weren’t
she didn’t do her homework an hour ago. Did she do her homework and hour ago Yes , she did. /no , she didn’t .
V.
1. Li lei’s mother did some cooking yesterday.
2. Mrs liu waited for the bus at the bus stop yesterday morning.
3. Mrs Zhang planted some flowers yesterday afternoon.
4.Mr wang fixed his car yesterday afternoon.
5. Alice danced two hours yesterday evening .
6. xiao li played cards with his friends last night.
7. Uncle john listened to the music yesterday morning.
8. Grandma yang watched TV yesterday.
VI
e 2. b 3. c 4. a 5. d
VII.
about nice years.
france.
because her father found work there.
about two years ago.
because her parents wanted to work in china.
her Chinese is so-so