人教版必修二Unit 3 Computers reading学案

Unit 3 Computers reading学案


?转化
total adj．总的；整个的→n．总数；合计
signal vi．&vt．发信号→n．信号
?派生
名词后缀：?or，?tion，?ity
calculate vt．计算→calculator n．计算器
operate v．操作；运转→operator n．(电脑)操作员；接线员→operation n．操作；手术；运转
real adj．真的；真实的→reality n．真实；事实；现实
副词后缀：?ly
total n．总数；合计 adj．总的；整个的→totally adv．完全地；整个地
动词后缀：?ify
simple adj．简单的；容易的；朴素的→simplify vt．简化
?合成
any(任何)＋how(怎样)→anyhow adv．(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此
down(向下)＋load(负荷)→download vt．下载


在中国，传统的红包只出现在春节和婚礼上。2014年中国春节首发微信红包。数据显示，2016春节期间，超过4亿人送出或接收大约80亿个红包。
In China，cash gifts are traditionally given in real red envelopes during weddings and the Chinese New Year．The WeChat red envelope was launched during the 2014 Chinese New Year with a stipulation(规定)that the amount should be less than 200 yuan．Figures from Tencent Holdings Ltd．(腾讯控股有限公司)show that during that festival period，about 8 million users snapped up 40 million red envelopes．
For example，if a person in a WeChat group of 10 sends 100 yuan as a gift and says any one can have a maximum of 20 yuan，the first five to “grab”get the money while the other four miss out．
Red envelopes add a sense of atmosphere and strengthen interaction．The amount everybody gets could be different，so it is funny to see the comparisons．
During the 2016 Chinese New Year's Eve，more than 420 million people gave or received the envelopes and about 8 billion red envelopes were sent out that day，eight times the figure for the last year's eve．
The WeChat red envelope is an innovative(有创意的)way for people to send greetings．It also gets people into the habit of using WeChat payment，because you need to link it to your bank account．
For Internet companies，functions such as WeChat payment are an important part of the whole Internet ecosystem，as many other functions such as hailing taxis or shopping are based on online payment．
词海拾贝
1．maximum n．最大限度；最大量
2．a sense of...一种……感　　3．strengthen v．加强
4．more than 多于，不仅仅 5．figure n．数字



Ⅰ．重点单词
1．calculate vt．计算
2．universal adj．普遍的；通用的；宇宙的
3．simplify vt．简化
simple adj．简单的
4．operator n．(电脑)操作员；接线员
5．logical adj．合逻辑的；合情理的
logically adv．逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地
6．technology n．工艺；科技；技术
technological adj．科技的
7．revolution n．革命
8．artificial adj．人造的；假的
9．intelligence n．智力；聪明；智能
intelligent adj．智能的；聪明的
10．solve vt．解决；解答
11．reality n．真实；事实；现实
real adj．真实的
12．personal adj．私人的；个人的；亲自的
personally adv．就个人而言；亲自
13．total adj．总的；整个的；n．总数；合计
totally adv．完全地；整个地
14．application n．应用；用途；申请
15．finance n．金融；财经
16．mobile adj．可移动的；机动的
17．explore vt．& vi．探索；探测；探究
explorer n．探险家；勘探者
exploration n．探索
18．anyhow adv．(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此
19．goal n．目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分
20．happiness n．幸福；快乐
happy adj．快乐的；高兴的
Ⅱ．核心短语
1．have...in common 有共同之处
2．compare...with ... 把……与……相比
3．from...on从……时起
4．go by走过；经过
5．as a result结果
6．share sth with sb与某人分享某物
7．as well as也；和；既……又……
8．provide sb with sth为某人提供某物
Ⅲ．经典句式
1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage．我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
2．As time went by，I was made smaller．随着时间的推移，我被制造得更小了。
3．Anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality．不管怎样，我的目标是为人类提供高质量的生活。
4．I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race!现在我充满了幸福感，我是人类忠实的朋友和帮助者！

阅读清障
①calculate/'k?lkjleIt/vt．计算
calculator/'k?lkjleIt?/n．计算器
calculation n．[C，U]计算
②simplify/'sImplIfaI/vt．简化
③sum/sm/n．总数；算术题；金额
a sum of money一笔钱
④program/'pr?ɡr?m/v．编写程序 n．程序
programmer/'pr?ɡr?m?/n．编程人员
⑤operator/'p?reIt?/n．(电脑)操作员
⑥logically/'ldIklI/adv．逻辑上
logical/'ldIkl/adj．合逻辑的；合情理的
⑦technological/tekn?'ldIkl/adj．科技的
technology/tek'nl?dI/n．工艺；科技
technological advances科技进步
⑧revolution/rev?'lun/n．革命
technological revolution技术革命
⑨artificial/ɑtI'fIl/adj．人造的；假的
⑩intelligence/In'telId?ns/n．智力；聪明
artificial intelligence 人工智能
?solve/slv/vt．解决；解答
?mathematical/m?θ?'m?tIkl/adj．数学的
※Alan Turing是my real father的同位语；how引导的从句作介词about的宾语。动词不定式短语to solve作定语，修饰“universal machine”。
?reality/rI'?l?tI/n．真实；事实；现实
in reality事实上，实际上
※as引导的时间状语从句。
?personal/'pзs?nl/adj．私人的；个人的
personally/'pзs?n?lI/adv．就个人而言
?tube/tjub/n．管；管子；电子管
?transistor/tr?n'zIst?/n．晶体管
?as a result结果
?totally/'t?tlI/adv．完全地；整个地
total/'t?tl/adj．总的；整个的　n．总数
in total＝in all总计；合计
※本句为主从复合句。so...that引导结果状语从句，其中I have been told为省略了关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词anything。
?network/'netwзk/n．网络；网状物
※本句为主从复合句。until引导时间状语从句。在主句中，现在分词短语在句中作状语；在从句中，过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a family。
?web/web/n．网
application/?plI'keIn/n．应用；用途
finance/'faIn?ns/n．金融；财经
financial adj．金融的；财政的
mobile/'m?baIl/adj．可移动的；机动的
rocket/'rkIt/n．火箭
explore/Ik'spl/vt．&vi．探索；探测
anyhow/'enIha/adv．(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此
goal/g?l/n．目标；目的；球门
※to provide...为不定式短语作表语。
happiness/'h?pInIs/n．幸福；快乐
a devoted friend一个忠实的朋友

Ⅰ．Match the main idea with each paragraph．
Para．1(C) A．These changes only became possible as my memory improved．
Para．2(B) B．Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me．
Para．3(A) C．Over time I have been changed quite a lot．
Ⅱ．True (T) or False (F)．
1．Alan Turing built an Analytical Machine to solve any mathematical problems．(F)
2．People began to realize that the computer got cleverer and quicker with time passing．(T)
3．The computer began to serve the human race since it was brought into people's homes．(F)
4．Since the 1970s，the computer was used by people around the world through the Internet．(T)
5．The larger the computer is，the more memory it has．(F)
要点回顾
1．I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage．(教材P18)我发展得很缓慢，差不多到了200年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。
before引导时间状语从句时可以根据语境译作“过了……(时间)才……”，“还没来得及……就……”和“在……之前”。
①Three weeks went by before she realized her mistakes．
三周过去了，她才意识到自己的错误。
归纳
拓展
(1)It was＋时间段＋before...过了……才……，从句常用一般过去时
(2)It was not long before...不久就……，从句常用一般过去时
(3)It won't be long before...不久就会……，从句常用一般现在时
(4)It will be＋时间段＋before...要过……才……，从句常用一般现在时
②It didn't take long before the fire was under control．
不久火势就被控制住了。
③It will be ten years before we see each other．
要过十年我们才能彼此相见。
④It won't be long before we get used to the new school life．
不久我们就会习惯新的学校生活。
2．In 1936 my real father，Alan Turing，wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a“universal machine”to solve any difficult mathematical problem．(教材P18)
在1936年，我真正的父亲艾伦·图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何数学难题。
solve v．解决，解答
①If we all work hard，this problem can be solved in the future．
如果我们都努力工作，这个问题在将来能解决。
归纳
拓展
(1)solve a problem 解决一个问题
(2)solution n．解决办法；答案
the solution to...……的解决办法
②The new manager was trying to find a solution to the problem．
这位新经理正在试图找到问题的解决办法。
3．From then on，I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower．(教材P18)
从那时起，我在体积和脑容量方面迅速成长。
from...on从……时起

归纳
拓展
from now on 从今以后
from then on 从那时起
from that day on 从那天起
①Please be more careful when you cross the street from now on．
从今以后你过马路时要更加小心。
②From that day on，the ending of the missing Amber Room remains a mystery．
从那天起，丢失的琥珀屋的结局仍是一个谜。
4．As a result I totally changed my shape．(教材P18)
因此，我完全改变了形状。
as a result因此；结果(后跟句子)

归纳
拓展
as a result of由于；作为……的结果
without result毫无结果地
result from...由……产生(后跟原因)
result in...导致；结果(后跟结果)
①As a result of automobile pollution，the air quality in most major cities has been lowered．
由于汽车污染，各主要城市的空气质量有所降低。
②Let us hope that peace will result from our talks．
让我们期望，我们的会谈会带来和平。
③The game resulted in another victory for our team．
那场比赛为我们队带来了又一次胜利。
[名师点津]　as a result单独使用作状语，多位于句首，用逗号隔开；as a result of引起表示原因的短语，位于句首或句末。
5．And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it！(教材P18)
我的存储容量变得如此巨大，连我自己都不敢相信！
(1)句中so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其中so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。
归纳
拓展
so＋adj．/adv．＋that...
so＋adj．＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋that...
so＋many/few/much/little(少)＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋that...
①The box is so heavy that I can't lift it．
这个箱子太重了，我拎不起来。
②There was so much snow on the road that the cars couldn't move fast．
路上雪太多，汽车难以跑快。
③There was so little time left that we must hurry．
时间不多了，我们必须快一点。
(2)在“so...that...”结构中，当位于句首时，其所在的句子要部分倒装。
④So hot a day was it that they all went swimming．
天气非常热，他们都去游泳了。
6．Anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality．(教材P18)
不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。

anyhow adv．不管怎样，无论如何
①I can see as well as you，anyhow．
不管怎么说，我看得和你一样清楚。
[易混辨析]　anyhow/somehow
anyhow(＝
anyway)
意为“无论如何；即使如此”等，可以放在句首、句末或者句中
somehow
意为“以某种方式；不知怎么地；不知为什么”，表示某种未知的原因
[即学即用]　选用以上单词填空
②Anyhow I disagree with her．
③He was nervous somehow．