外研版(2019)高中英语选择性必修一大讲练学案：Unit 2 Onwards and upwards? Period 1  Starting out and

Unit
2
Onwards
and
upwards
Period?1?
Starting?out?and?Understanding?ideas?知识点梳理
I.词汇精讲·对接高考
知识点1.【原句】When
the
funds
are
low
and
the
debts
are
high...
当资金少债务多的时候……
debt
n．债务，欠款
【考点归纳】
fall/get/run
into
debt负债；借债
in
debt欠债
out
of
debt不欠债
pay
off
one’s
debts还清债务
【例句】
Most
of
his
adult
life
has
been
a
losing
struggle
against
debt
and
misfortune.
他成年后的大部分生活是一场对抗债务和不幸的失败战争。
【对接高考】·完成句子
①It
is
much
easier
to
get
into
debt
than
get
out
of
debt.
借债容易还债难。
②Ten
years
later，the
couple
paid
off
all
their
debts.
十年后，这对夫妇还清了所有的债务。
【句型转换】
He
decided
to
help
those
college
students
who
were
in
debt.
→He
decided
to
help
those
college
students
in
debt.
知识点2.【原句】Don’t
give
up
though
the
pace
seems
slow...
虽然速度好像很慢，但是也不要放弃……
pace
n．速度，进度
v．走来走去，来回踱步
【考点归纳】
※at
one’s
own
pace按照自己的进度
keep
pace
with跟上，与……并驾齐驱
set
the
pace领先；起带头作用
at
a
pace
of以……的速度
※pace
up
and
down来回走着
【例句】
It
is
difficult
to
keep
up
with
the
pace
of
change.
跟上变化的速度是很难的。
【对接高考】·完成句子
①We
encouraged
all
students
to
work
at
their
own
pace.
我们鼓励所有学生按自己的节奏学习。
②He
walked
so
fast
that
she
found
it
hard
to
keep
pace
with
him.
他走得那么快，她发现很难跟上他的步子。
③You
set
the
pace
and
I’ll
follow
you.
你定步调，我跟上。
④The
woman
paced
up
and
down
outside
the
room，which
made
her
husband
upset.
这个女人在房间外面来回走，这使她的丈夫很烦躁。
知识点3.【原句】We
regret
to
inform
you...
我们很遗憾地通知您……
inform
v．通知，告知
【考点归纳】
※inform
sb.of
sth.通知某人某事
inform
sb.that...通知某人……
keep
sb.informed
of随时通知某人……；使某人知道……
※information
n．信息
【例句】
We
want
to
inform
you
that
you
must
pay
off
all
your
debts
by
next
Sunday.
我们想通知你，下周日之前你必须还清所有债务。
【对接高考】·单句语法填空
①We
should
inform
the
person
of
the
terrible
news
as
soon
as
possible.
我们应该尽快通知那个人这个糟糕的消息。
②Don’t
share
personal
information(inform)
or
stories.不要分享个人信息或故事。
【一句多译】
有任何进展我们都会随时通知你。
①We
will
inform
you
of
any
development.
②We
will
keep
you
informed
of
any
development.
知识点4.【原句】So，it
seems
that
talent
alone
isn’t
enough
to
guarantee
success.
所以，单单是天赋是不足以保证成功的。
guarantee
v．保证，确保
n．保证
【考点归纳】
※guarantee
that...保证……
guarantee
to
do
sth.保证做某事
※under
guarantee在保修期内
【例句】
①As
we
all
know，wealth
is
no
guarantee
of
happiness.
我们都知道，财富并非幸福的保证。
②Consistent
and
hard
work
will
guarantee
that
you
will
become
good
at
whatever
it
is.
坚持不懈和勤奋努力会确保你无论做什么都会做好。
【对接高考】·单句语法填空
①We
guarantee
to
inform(inform)
you
of
what’s
happening
here
in
time.
我们保证及时通知你这里发生的事情。
②Don’t
worry!
Your
new
computer
is
still
under
guarantee.
别担心！你的新电脑还在保修期内。
知识点5.【原句】We
are
delighted
to
inform
you...我们很高兴通知您……
delighted
adj.愉快的，高兴的
【考点归纳】
※be
delighted
at/by/with...由于……而高兴
be
delighted
to
do
sth.很高兴做某事
※delight
v．(使)高兴
n．高兴；令人高兴的事
take
delight
in
(doing)
sth.以(做)某事为乐
to
one’s
delight使某人高兴的是
with
delight高兴地
【例句】
I
was
delighted
at/by/with
the
presence
of
such
a
student.
我为这样一个学生在场而感到高兴。
【对接高考】·单句语法填空
①I
am
delighted
to
tell
(tell)
you
that
I
have
paid
off
all
my
debts.
我很高兴地告诉你我已经还清了所有债务。
②To
my
delight，I
was
chosen
from
hundreds
of
people
to
attend
the
opening
ceremony.
令我高兴的是，从上百个人中我被选中去参加这个开幕式。
【句型转换】
He
is
so
kind
that
he
is
delighted
to
help
others.
→He
is
so
kind
that
he
takes
delight
in
helping
others.
II.重点短语精讲精练
知识点1.【原句】Take
for
example
J.K.Rowling.以J.K.洛琳为例。
take...for
example以……为例
【考点归纳】
take
notice
of注意到；留意
take
advantage
of利用
take
one’s
time慢慢来
take
it
easy别紧张，放松点
take
action采取行动
【例句】
①You’d
better
take
notice
of
what
you
read
in
the
newspaper.
你最好注意一下你在报纸上读到的东西。
②She
took
advantage
of
the
children’s
absence
to
tidy
their
rooms.
她趁孩子们不在的时候整理了他们的房间。
【对接高考】·完成句子
①There
is
a
lot
time
left.You
can
take
your
time.
还有很多时间。你可以慢慢来。
②Before
the
exam，my
mother
always
asks
me
to
take
it
easy.
在考试前，妈妈总是让我放松一些。
③The
local
villagers
urged
the
government
to
take
action
at
once.
当地村民敦促政府立刻采取行动。
知识点2.【原句】When
she
received
her
first
rejection
letter，she
decided
that
it
meant
she
now
had
something
in
common
with
her
favorite
writers，and
stuck
it
on
her
kitchen
wall.
当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她断定：这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家有相同的经历了，她把信贴在了厨房的墙上。
have...in
common
(with...)(与……)有共同点
【考点归纳】
have
a
little/some/a
lot/much/nothing
in
commonwith...与……有一点/一些/许多/很多/没有共同之处
in
common共有的
in
common
with和……一样
common
sense常识
【例句】
Research
shows
that
successful
language
learners
in
many
ways
have
something
in
common.
研究表明，成功的语言学习者在许多方面有共同之处。
【对接高考】·完成句子
①I
must
say，in
common
with
Helen，that
I
strongly
oppose
the
proposal.
我必须说与海伦一样，我坚决反对这个建议。
②We
happened
to
discover
we
had
a
friend
in
common.
我们凑巧发现我们有一个共同的朋友。
III.重点句型精讲精练
知识点1.【原句】The
response
from
a
publisher
comes
back
and
the
writer
eagerly
opens
and
reads
it，their
hearts
sinking
when
they
reach
that
final
sentence.
出版商的回复来了，作者急切地打开看，当他们看到最后一句的时候，他们的心都沉下去了。
【考点归纳】
※本句中的their
hearts
sinking
when
they
reach
that
final
sentence是独立主格结构。
※独立主格结构相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等。独立主格由“名词/代词＋介词短语/副词/形容词(短语)/名词/非谓语动词等”构成，其中前面的名词或代词在意义上为后面结构的逻辑主语。
①More
time
given，we
should
have
done
it
much
better.
如果给更多的时间，我们会做得更好。
②It
being
a
fine
day，the
children
went
to
the
park.
由于天气很好，孩子们去了公园。
【对接高考】·句型转换
After
all
the
emails
had
been
answered，the
girl
turned
off
the
computer.
→All
the
emails
answered，the
girl
turned
off
the
computer.
知识点2.【原句】You
may
have
spent
years
giving
up
your
weekends
and
free
time
to
write
your
life’s
works，yet
still
this
is
often
not
enough.很多年来你或许放弃了周末和自由时间来写你一生的作品，但这还不够。
【考点归纳】
※本句中用了may
have
done
sth.结构，意为“或许做了某事”。
※其他的类似结构：
should
have
done
sth.过去本该做某事但没有做。其否定式表示“过去本不该做某事而做了。”
must
have
done表示
“过去一定做了……”，
是对过去发生的动作的肯定推测。
might
have
done可能已经做了某事
could
have
done...(肯定句)表示
“本能够做某事但没有做”
couldn’t
have
done...不可能做过某事
needn’t
have
done...本不必做某事但实际做了
【例句】
You
should
have
stayed
at
home
last
Sunday，but
you
didn’t.
上周日你本该待在家里的，
但是你没有。
【对接高考】·完成句子
①We
could
have
won
the
match，but
we
were
too
careless.
我们本可以赢得比赛，
但是我们太粗心了。
②You
needn’t
have
bought
so
much
food，for
there’s
a
lot
in
the
fridge.
你本不需要买那么多食物的，因为冰箱里有很多。
知识点3.【原句】J.D.Salinger
started
writing
short
stories
in
high
school，but
later
struggled
to
get
his
works
published.
J.D.塞林格在高中时开始写短篇小说，后来努力使自己的作品被出版。
【考点归纳】
※本句中的get
his
works
published是“get
＋宾语＋宾补”结构。此处是过去分词作宾补，表示被动。
※“get＋宾语＋宾补”结构
get＋宾语＋adj.
get＋宾语＋doing
get＋宾语＋to
do
get＋宾语＋done
【例句】
What
a
mess!
You’d
better
get
everything
in
your
room
clean.
真乱！你最好保持你房间里的东西干干净净。
【对接高考】·单句语法填空
①It
was
very
cold
that
morning，so
I
couldn’t
get
my
car
running(run)．
那天早上很冷，我的车发动不起来了。
②If
you
are
weak
in
English，you
can
get
your
brother
to
help(help)
you.
如果你英语弱，可以让你哥哥帮助你。