2020--2021学年人教版必修五unit 5 first aid grammar课件（29张）

Unit
5
first
aid
Grammar
Ellipsis
省略句
为了使语言简洁或避免重复,省略句中的一个或几个成分,这种语法现象称为省略.
1.省略主语:祈使句中的主语通常被省略;其他
省略的主语的情况多限于少数现成的说法.
(1)
(You)
Come
in,
please.
(2)
(I)
See
you
tomorrow.
(3)
(I)
Thank
you
for
your
help.
(4)
(I)
Beg
your
pardon.
简单句中的省略
2.省略主语或谓语的一部分
简单句中的省略
(1)
(There
is)
No
smoking.
(2)
(Will
you)
Have
a
smoke?
(3)
Why
(do
you)
not
say
hello
to
him?
(4)
How
(do
you
think)
about
a
cup
of
tea?
(5)
(You
come)
this
way,
please.
简单句中的省略
3.省略宾语:可省略宾语的全部；可省略作宾
语的动词不定式,只保留to,但如果该宾语是动
词be或完成时态,则须在to后加上be或have．
---Do
you
know
Miss
Hu?
---I
don’t
know
(her).
(2)
Don’t
touch
anything
unless
the
teacher
tells
you
to
(touch).
(3)
---Are
you
a
teacher?
---No,
but
I
want
to
be
(a
teacher).
(4)
---He
hasn’t
finished
the
task.
---Well,
he
ought
to
have
(finish
it).
1.
—Would
you
like
to
go
to
the
Grand
Theatre
with
me
tonight?
　　—
________
.
　　A.
Yes,
I'd
like
to
go
to
the
Grand
Theatre
　　B.
I'd
like
to,
but
I
have
an
exam
tomorrow
　　C.
No,
I
won't
　　D.
That's
right
2.
—You
should
have
thanked
her
before
you
left.
　　—I
meant
________
,
but
when
I
was
leaving
I
couldn't
find
her
anywhere.
　　A.
to
do
B.
to
C.
doing
D.
doing
to
B
B
简单句中的省略
4.省略表语
---Are
you
thirsty?
---Yes,
I
am
(thirsty).
His
brother
is
lazy?
Nor
is
his
sister
(lazy).
5.同时省略几个句子成分
---Are
you
fell
better
now?
---
(I’m
feeling)
better
(now).
(2)
(I
wish)
Good
luck
(to
you)!
(3)
Let’s
meet
at
the
school
gate
as
the
same
as
(we
met)
yesterday.
并列句中的省略
两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句
中相同的部分．
(1)
My
father
is
a
doctor
and
my
mother
(is)
a
nurse.
(2)
I
study
at
college
and
my
sister
(studies)
at
high
school
(3)
Lin’s
father
was
not
at
home,
but
his
mother
was
(at
home).
主从复合句中的省略
1.主句中有一些主谓被省略　
(I’m)
Sorry
to
heat
that
you
are
ill.
(2)
(It’s)
a
pity
that
you
missed
such
a
good
chance.
2.省略从句中与主句相同的部分
They
do
not
visit
their
parents
as
much
as
they
ought
to
(visit
their
parents).
3.主句与从句各有一些成分被省略
The
sooner
(you
do
it)
,
the
better
(it
will
be
).
其他省略
1.连词的that省略
(1)宾语从句中常省略that,但多个宾语从句并列时,
通常只省略第一个that
He
said
(that)
the
text
was
very
important
and
that
we
should
learn
it
by
heart.
(2)在定语从句中that在作宾语时才能省略
The
book
(that)
I
borrowed
yesterday
was
hers.
（3）在I’m
afraid,I
think,
I
believe,
I
hope,
I
guess等开头的作答句中，后面跟so
与
not
分别用于代替前面的句子，宾语从句可省去。
--Do
you
think
it
will
rain?
--I
hope
not
(that
it
will
not
rain).
3.
—You
're
always
e
on,
let's
go
shopping.
　—
________
you
ever
want
to
do
is
going
shopping.
　　A.
Anything
B.
Something
C.
All
D.
That
4.
Is
this
the
reason
________
at
the
meeting
for
his
carelessness
in
his
work?
　　A.
he
explained
　　B.
what
he
explained
　　C.
how
he
explained
　　D.
why
he
explained
　　
C
A
2.在某些状语从句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或者从句主语为it，且从句谓语部分有be动词时,可省去“主语+be”部分
其他省略
When
(he
was)
still
a
boy
of
10,
he
had
to
work
day
and
night.
(2)
As
(he
was)
a
child,
he
lived
in
India.
(3)
If
(you
are)
asked
you
may
come
in.
在比较状语从句中，常在as或than引导的分句中省略某些与主句相同的成分，有时甚至省略整个as
/
than从句。
（4）After
half
a
hour,
she
become
quieter
(than
she
had
been.)
5.
When
first
________
to
the
market,
these
products
enjoyed
great
success.
　　
A.
introducing
B.
introduced
C.
introduce
D.
being
introduced
6.
Unless
________
to
speak,
you
should
remain
silent
at
the
conference.
　　
A.
invited
B.
inviting
C.
being
invited
D.
having
invited
　
B
A
7.
The
man
we
followed
suddenly
stopped
and
looked
as
if
________
whether
he
was
going
in
the
right
direction.
　　A.
seeing
B.
having
seen
C.
to
have
seen
D.
to
see
8.
Generally
speaking,
________
according
to
the
directions,
the
drug
has
no
side
effect.
　　
A.
when
taking
B.
when
taken
C.
when
to
take
D.
when
to
be
taken
D
B
其他省略
3.不定式符号to的省略
并列的不定式可省去后面的
to.
I
told
him
to
sit
down
and
wait
for
a
moment.
(2)
help
当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带.
I
will
help
(to)
do
it
for
you.
I
will
help
you
(to)
do
it.
（3）介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带
to.
The
boy
did
nothing
but
play.
其他省略
(4)
某些使役动词（let,
make,
have）及感官动词（see,
watch,hear,
notice,
observe,
feel,
look
at,
listen
to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去
to,
但在被动语态中须将to
复原。
I
saw
the
boy
fall
from
the
tree.
The
boy
was
seen
to
fall
from
the
tree.
The
boss
made
us
work
12
hours
a
day.
We
were
made
to
work
12
hours
a
day.
(5)
主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的
to可带可不带。
What
we
can
do
now
is
(to)
wait.
(6)
find
当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。
We
found
him
(to)
work
very
hard
at
the
experiment.
但如果是不定式
to
be，则不能省略。
She
found
him
to
be
dishonest.
其他省略
4.连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但要将后面的should，were，had提到主语的前面.
其他省略
Had
they
time,
they
would
certainly
come
and
help
us.
(2)
Were
I
you,
I
would
do
the
work
better.
(3）Should
there
be
a
flood,
what
should
we
do?
9.
________
it
rain
tomorrow,
we
would
have
to
put
off
the
visit
to
the
Yangpu
Bridge.
A.
Were
B.
Should
C.
Would
D.
Will
10.
________
for
the
free
tickets,
I
would
not
have
gone
to
the
films
so
often.
A.
If
it
is
not
B.
Were
C.
Had
it
not
been
D.
If
they
were
not
B
C
Ellipsis
Exercises
1)----
Tomorrow
is
a
holiday.
Why
are
you
doing
your
homework?
-----I
am
doing
these
exercises
now
so
that
I
won’t
have
_____
on
Sunday.
A.
it
B.
them
C.
for
D.
to
2)----Shall
I
invite
Ann
to
my
birthday
party
tomorrow
evening?
----Yes.
It’ll
be
fine
if
you______.
A.
are
B.
can
C.
invite
D.
do
Choose
the
best
answers.
3)----
Aren’t
you
the
manager?
-----No,
and
I______
A.?don’t
want
to
B.
don’t
want
to
be
C.
don’t
want
be
D.
don’t
want
4)----
I’ll
be
away
on
a
business
trip.
Would
you
mind
looking
after
my
cat?
----Not
at
all______.
A.
I’ve
no
time
B.
I’d
rather
not
C.
I’d
like
it
D.
I’d
be
glad
to
5.
Unless
________
to
speak,
you
should
remain
silent
at
the
conference.
　
A.
invited
B.
inviting
C.
being
invited
D.
having
invited
6.
When
________
,
the
museum
will
be
open
to
the
public
next
year.
A.
completed
B.
completing
C.
being
completed
D.
to
be
completed
　　
A
A
7.
Though
________
money,
his
parents
man-aged
to
send
him
to
university.
　　
A.
lacked
B.
lacking
of
C.
lacking
D.
lacked
in
8.
The
research
is
so
designed
that
once
________
nothing
can
be
done
to
change
it.
　　
A.
begins
B.
having
begun
C.
beginning
D.
begun
C
D
9)-----
Won’t
you
have
another
try?
------
_
_______.
A.??Yes,
I
will
have
B.
Yes,
I
won’t
have
C.
Yes,
I
won’t
D.
Yes,
I
will
10)-----I
won’t
do
it
any
more.
-----_______?
A.
Why
not
B.
Why
don’t
do
any
more
C.
Why
not
do
D.
Why
don’t
11.
What
surprised
me
was
not
what
he
said
but
________
he
said
it.
　　
the
way
B.
in
the
way
that
C.
in
the
way
D.
the
way
which
12.
It
is
easy
to
do
the
repair.
________
you
need
is
a
hammer
and
some
nails.
Something
B.
All
C.
Both
D.
Everything
13.
That's
an
unpleasant
thing
to
say
about
your
father
after
________
he's
done
for
you.
A.
something
B.
anything
C.
all
D.
that
A
A
C
14)-----Do
you
think
it
will
snow
tomorrow?
------______?
A.I
don’t
think
B.
No,
I
don’t
think
C.
I
don’t
think
so
D.
No,
I
don’t
so
15)-----Have
you
fed
the
cat?
------No,
but______.
A.
I’m
B.
I
am
C.
I’m
just
going
D.
I’m
just
going
to
Class
is
over!