2020--2021学年人教版必修五unit 5 first aid language points课件（37张）

Unit 5 First Aid

Language Points
aid n．[U] & vt. 帮助；援助；资助；救助。[C]辅助用品。
(1) aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
aid sb. with sth. 以某物给某人帮助
aid sb. in (doing) sth. 在某方面帮助某人
我需要有人帮我完成我的工作。
I need someone to aid me to finish my work.
I need someone to aid me with my work.
I need someone to aid me in (finishing) my work.
(2)do/give /offer/perform/carry out first aid 进行急救
come to one’s aid 来援助某人
with the aid of sb.＝ with sb.’s aid 在某人帮助下
in aid of 为帮助......
a hearing aid 助听器
With the aid of our English teacher，we have made great progress this term.
在英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。
This new dictionary is a great aid to me.
这本新词典对我很有帮助。
Many people went to Wenchuan in aid of the refugees.
很多人去汶川帮助灾民们。
完成句子：
(1)那老妇人拄着拐杖走路。
The old woman walks____________________a stick.
(2)别担心，我将帮助你继续你的学业。
Don’t be worried！I will____________________your study.
答案：　(1)with the aid of　(2)aid you in continuing
fall ill/sick 生病；病倒
fall asleep, fall silent
①When she fell ill，her daughter took over the business from her.
她患病时她女儿接管了她的生意。
②He used to be in good health，but he fell sick suddenly last week.
他身体一直很好，但上星期突然病倒了。
[辨析]　fall ill与be ill
(1)fall ill强调突然病倒，是短暂性动词短语，不能与一段时间状语连用。
(2)be ill表示生病的状态，是延续性动词短语，可与一段时间状语连用。
③Having been working too hard in the last few months，he fell ill suddenly.
由于过去几个月里工作太辛苦，他突然病倒了。
④Her husband has been ill for a long time and is unable to work.
她丈夫患病已久，不能工作。
7.You will________ill sooner or later if you keep on overworking like crazy.
A．fall B．lie C．turn D．remain
答案：　A
2. injury n．[C，U]损伤；伤害(感情)。
①Several train passengers received serious injuries in the crash.
在这次碰撞中火车上有几位乘客受了重伤。
②What you said was an injury to her fame.
你所说的有损她的名声。
---injure vt./ vi.使受伤；损害；伤害（感情）；损害（名誉）
---injured adj. 受伤的；受委屈的
③Two people have been seriously injured in a road accident.
两个人在一次道路交通事故中受了重伤。
④This could seriously injure the company’s reputation.
这会严重损害公司的名誉。
⑤He was slightly injured in the accident.
他在意外事故中受了轻伤。
⑥ What you said hurt her greatly.
你所说的话深深地伤害了她。
⑦The soldier was badly wounded in the right leg.
那士兵右腿严重受伤。
⑧After being wounded in the fighting，he was caught in an accident and his car was damaged but he himself was not injured.
在战斗中负伤后，他又发生了事故，汽车被损坏，但他自己并没有受伤。
injure，hurt，wound
injure：一般指由于意外或事故受伤，指一时难愈之伤。
hurt：常指精神上、肉体上或感情上的伤害，有疼痛或痛苦感。另外，hurt也可用作不及物动词，意为“疼痛，引起痛苦”。
wound:通常指外界暴力造成的创伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战斗中、战争中受伤。
(1).She has been feeling down recently.As far as I know，she was________by his rude words.
A．wounded　B．Injured n C．hurt D．damaged
解析：她被他粗鲁的话伤害了。精神、心灵上的伤害要用hurt。
答案：　C
(2)—Mother, I’ve cut my finger and I’m bleeding.
—Press a clear piece of cloth on the ________ first. I’ll call the doctor.
A．hurt B．injury C．wound D．harm
解析：C 根据“I’ve cut my finger and I’m bleeding.”可知是“刀伤”，应用wound。第二句意思是“先在伤口上按一块干净的布，我给医生打电话”。
(3)．After being________in the fighting，he was caught in an accident and his car was________but he himself was not________.
A．wounded；damaged；injured
B．damaged；injured；wounded
C．injured；wounded；damaged
D．hurt；wounded；injured
解析：　damage指损害某物；wound指(人)在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口；hurt，injure指(人)在平时或事故中受伤；injure大多指造成容颜，机能的损害；hurt则有强烈的疼痛感，还可指对心灵的伤害。
答案：　A
3. essential adj. (...to/for sth.)
–necessary; most important (尤作表语)必要的；不可缺少的；最重要的； 本质上的
Is money essential to happiness?
钱是幸福所不可缺少的吗？
Water is essential to the growth of crops.
水是庄家生长做必须的东西。
Exercise, fresh air and sleep are essential for health.
运动、新鲜的空气和睡眠健康必不可少的。
Her most essential quality is kindness.
她最本质的特点是善良。
essential n. 要素；要点
A knowledge of French is an essential for the work.
--essentially adv.本质上；基本上；从根本上说
He’s essentially a very generous man.
他本质上是个非常慷慨的人。
4. organ n. 器官；（官方的）机关，机构；风琴
the organs of speech 发音器官
an important organ of the government 政府的一个重要机关
A mouth-organ 口琴
----organic adj. 器官的；生物的，有机的
organic disorders 器官功能紊乱 organic food 有机食品
5. poison n. 毒药；毒物；有毒害的事物
vt./ vi. 使中毒；放毒于；下毒；放毒
It is said that the young woman was killed by poison.
Unhealthy feelings are like poison which will damage your health.
The chemical in the river poisoned the people who drink the water.
----poisonous adj. 有毒的；恶毒的；讨厌的
A lot of poisonous waste water comes from that chemical factory.
If plastic and rubber are burnt, they’ll give off poisonous gases.
6. variety n．[C，U]变化；多样(化)；多变(性)。
various adj.不同的。
various＝a variety of (varieties of)＋n.(pl.) 各种各样的，不同种类的。
①There are a variety of flowers in the garden.
花园里有各种各样的花。
②Varieties of reasons were offered for the failure.
这次失败原因很多。
③We all need variety in our diet.
我们需要饮食多样化。
④Everyone arrived late at the party for various reasons.
由于种种原因，每个人赴会都迟到了。
---- vary vt./ vi. 使不同；变更；变化；呈多样化
vary with… 随......变化
vary from...to...= vary between…and…
从......到......不等； 在......到......之间变化
People vary very much in their ideas.
人们的意见大不相同。
I can vary the speed at will.
我可以随意改变速度。
Cultures vary from country to country.
文化国与国之间是不同的。
Opinions of happiness vary from person to person.
对于幸福的看法因人而异。
用vary，variety，various的正确形式填空
(1)There are wide ________of flowers in the park.
(2)As in China，the climate in Canada ________from area to area.
答案：(1)varieties
　(2)varies
7. heal vt./ vi. (使)康复；（使）化解；（使）愈合；（使）痊愈
Time heals all wounds/ sorrow.
时间能治愈一切伤痛。
The wound on my hand heals over/up slowly.
我手上的伤口愈合很慢。
Can this medicine heal me of my disease?
这药能治好我的病吗？
heal a quarrel/ fight
平息争吵/战争
----healer n. 医治者；治疗物
Time is a great healer.
时间就是良药。
cure sb. of sth.
治好某人的病；矫正某人的不良行为
treat sb. for sth.
治疗某人的...病
Exercise:
The doctors _________ him with the newly developed medicine, but they didn’t ________ him of his cancer.
2. The wound in her heart hasn’t __________ yet.

cure
treated
healed
8. treat vt./ vi. 治疗；对待；款待；
n. 款待；招待
1). John used these to treat the most severe injuries.
约翰用这些治疗重伤。
2). He treated his wife badly.
他虐待他的妻子。
3). She treated each child to an ice-cream.
他请每个孩子吃冰淇淋。
4). Let’s go out for dinner---it’s my treat this time.
咱们出去吃饭吧—这次我请客。
5). She treats me as one of her family.
他把我当家人看待。

treat sb. badly/ well
对某人好/不好
treat sb. as/ like...
把某人当...看
treat sb. to ....
用......招待某人
My treat.
我请客。
完成句子:
①不要把我当傻瓜。
Don’t treat me _____ ____ ________ .
②我决定请你们喝啤酒。
I decide to treat you ______ _______ ________ .
as a fool
to some beer
9. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes or severe petrol fires.
electric adj. 电的，带电的，电动的，刺激的
He bought an electric hair dryer for Mary.

electric, electrical, electronic三词都与电有关
electric着重于发电的、电动的或导电的。
如： electric generator(发电机),electric light(电灯)
electrical多指本身不产生电，但是与电有关的。如： electrical engineering(电机工程)；
an electrical transcription(广播唱片)
electronic 电子的，电子操作的。
如： electronic engineering(电子工程学)
10. squeeze out 榨出；挤出
The little girl is trying her best to squeeze the water out of the cloth.
小女孩正尽力把水从布里挤出来。
See if you can squeeze more information out of them.
看看你能否逼他们说出更多的东西。
squeeze sth.from/out of sth.从……挤出/榨出
squeeze in/into（a bus）挤进
squeeze one’s way勉强通过，挤过
squeeze juice from an orange榨桔子汁
squeeze through the crowd挤过人群
Because of bad management and fierce competition，the company has been________out of the market.
A．beaten B．squeezed
C．pointed D．pressed
解析：　根据bad management和fierce competition，我们可以推测出这家公司被挤出了市场。beat out把火扑灭；point out指出；squeeze out挤出；press out榨出。
答案：　B
11. over and over again 反复；多次。
=again and again
=over and over
=time and (time) again
(1)We’ve discussed this problem _____________(很多)．
答案：over and over again
(2)The students couldn’t understand the theory, so the teacher had to explain it to them __________________
(一遍又一遍地)．
答案：over and over again/time and time again
12. in place
1) 在适当的位置/地方；
She has a habit of having everything in place.
她习惯把每件东西都放在适当的位置。
Put your things in place in case you need them.
把东西放在恰当的位置以防需要。
2) 适当，恰当；
Her dress was quite in place at the party.
晚会上她的打扮非常得体。
A little gratitude would be in place when receiving help.
得到帮助时应当略表谢意。
3) 准备就绪（be ready）
Everything is in place for their visit.
为迎接他们的到来一切都准备就绪了。
----out of place
1) 不在适当的位置；
When they got home, they found everything out of place.
他们到家时发现一切都乱了。
2) 不恰当，不协调，不相称，格格不入
He felt out of place in his office.
他在办公室里觉得格格不入。
It was really out of place for Lucy to laugh at the lady.
Lucy真的不该嘲笑那位女士。
in place of / in one’s place 代替
in the first place 首先，第一
take the place of 代替，取代
take place 发生，举行
take one’s place 就座；代替
完成句子:
(1)约翰，你的发型在学校里不合适。
John，your hairstyle is ____________at school.
答案：out of place
(2)我希望你把你的东西各就各位，不然很难找。
I wish you would put things back ____________. Otherwise，it will be difficult to find them.
答案：in place
(3)你查清楚印度社会发生的变化了吗？
Have you found out the changes __________________ in Indian society?
答案：that (which) took place/taking place
13. vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的
This matter is of vital importance to us.
这件事对我们来说至关重要。
It is absolutely vital that the matter should be kept secret.
这件事要保密，这是绝对至关重要的。
be of vital importance……是至关重要的
be vital to/for 对……很重要
It is vital to do sth.做……是很重要的
It is vital that...……是十分重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气，即should＋do，should可以省略)
你的支持对我的计划是否成功关系重大。
Your support________ ________ ________the success of my plan.
答案：　is vital to/for
14. pour vt.& vi. 倒；灌；注；涌
①Please pour some coffee into my cup.
请往我的杯子里倒些咖啡。
② Recently many people have poured into the city to make a new life.
近来很多人涌入城中来谋求新生活。
③ The other day，the rain poured down all night。
那天，倾盆大雨下了一晚上。
④ After class the students poured out of the classroom.
下课后，同学们涌出教室。
It was________down.We would have got wet all over if we had gone camping that morning.
A．dropping B．falling C．pouring D．flowing
答案：　C
15. 许多：
只修饰可数名词：
a large/ great/ good number of
a great/ good many
quite a few
many a
more than one
只修饰不可数名词：
a great/ good deal of
a large/ great amount of
amounts of
既修饰可数名词，又修饰不可数名词：
a lot of
lots of
plenty of
a large/ great quantity of
quantities of
1. __________ careless drivers got killed or injured after ignoring the warning signs at the top of the steep(陡峭的) hill.
A. A large amount of B. A good many of
C. A great number D. A great many
答案： D
2. A large quantity of students ________ listening to the expert carefully in the hall when I went in.
A. Is B. are C. was D. were
答案： D
16. put one's hands on找到，得到某物
1）After days of searching, he finally put his hands on his lost dog.
经过多天寻找，他终于在找到了他走失的狗。
2）In the dark, he eventually put his hands on his glasses.
在黑暗中，他终于摸到了他的眼镜。
[短语归纳]
=lay/get one‘s hands on找到，得到某物
Keep trying and you'll one day get your hands on what you want.
1）不断尝试,总有一天你能得到你想要的一切。
When children want to put their hands on candy, they'll always beg to their parents.
2）当孩子们想要得到糖果时，经常会哀求他们的家长。
17. apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用
vi. 申请；请求；应用；有效
1) apply … to … 把……涂/敷到…；把……运用到…
First apply the glue to the paper and then put the stamp on.
2) apply oneself to 致力于； 集中精力于……
Why not apply yourself to finding a solution?
3) apply to 适用于……，适应于……
What I said just now also applies to those who finished only half of the homework.
4) apply (to sb.) for … （向某人）申请
How many graduates applied to the school for the chance to go abroad?
----applicant n. 申请人
----application n. 申请；申请书；应用
----appliance n. 器具；器械；装置
18. make a difference
(1)有很大差别/ 不同 (2) 有很大的关系[影响]，起重要作用
1) Whether he could get the support from his parents made a great difference to the plan.
他是否能得到父母的支持对这个计划的影响很大。
2) Does it make any difference whether he'll attend the meeting?
他出不出席会议有什么区别吗？
[短语归纳]
make a difference between...and...区别对待
make a/some difference to 对...有些关系
make no difference to 对... 没有关系
make all the difference关系重大, 大不相同
[练习] 汉译英:
1)这次旅行对他以后的人生很有影响。
The travel made great difference to his later life.
2) 让警察知道一些证据关系重大。
It makes all the difference to inform the policemen of some evidence
用适当的介词填空
①War and suffering go hand in hand .
②He reads every book he has put his hands on .
③She can sew by hand or with a machine .
④Don’t worry—all the arrangements are in hand.