外研版(2019)高中英语选择性必修一大讲练学案：Unit 2 Onwards and upwards Period 2  Using language Word版含解析

Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
Period?2? Using language?知识点梳理
单元语法精讲精练－动词后接-ing或者to do 作宾语
I.语法感知
感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题
1．We regret to inform you... 2．After a total of twelve rejections，one publisher eventually agreed to print 500 copies of her first book.
3．J.D.Salinger started writing short stories in high school...
4．Despite rejections from several publishers，J.D.Salinger refused to give up.
5．Nevertheless，the sisters didn’t stop trying.
句1和句2 和句4中regret，agreed 和refused后跟不定式作宾语；句3和句5中的started和stop后跟动名词作宾语。
II.语法精析
后接-ing或者to do 作宾语
1．只接动词不定式作宾语的动词及短语
英语中有些动词及短语必须接不定式作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：afford负担得起；agree同意；attempt尝试，试图；choose选择；desire渴望；determine决心；decide决定；expect期望；hope希望；learn学习；manage设法；offer主动提出；plan计划；pretend假装；promise许诺；refuse拒绝；wish希望；set out着手；would like想要等。
I can’t afford to waste money on cheap souvenirs.
我不能把钱浪费在那些廉价的纪念品上。
I expect to be back as soon as possible.
我盼望着尽早回来。
At last I managed to carry all those large boxes upstairs.
最后我总算把那些大箱子都搬上了楼。
2．只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语
英语中有些动词及短语必须接动名词作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：
admit承认；appreciate感激；avoid避免；consider考虑；delay延迟；deny否认；enjoy喜欢；escape逃脱；finish完成；imagine想象；mind介意；miss错过；postpone推迟；practice练习；resist抵抗；risk冒险；suggest建议；insist on坚持；stand忍受；keep保持等。
另外，be used to习惯于；be accustomed to习惯于；lead to导致；devote oneself to献身于；object to反对；stick to坚持；look forward to期望，盼望等短语中的to为介词，也接动名词作宾语。
Have you ever considered going abroad for further education?
你考虑过去国外深造吗？
You can hardly avoid meeting her if both of you work in the same office.
如果你们两个人在同一间办公室工作，你就免不了会遇见她。
He has been looking forward to going to England for a long time.
很长一段时间以来他一直盼望去英国。
3．有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有：
动词 宾语的形式 意义
forget to do 忘记要做……
doing 忘记做过……
remember to do 记着要去做……
doing 记得做过……
regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
try to do 尽力做……
doing 尝试做……
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味着……
stop to do 停下来去做(另一件事)
doing 停止做(同一件事)
go on to do 接着做(另外一件事)
doing 接着做(同一件事)
She told me to go and lock the door.She didn’t remember locking the door after supper.
她叫我去锁门，她不记得晚饭后锁过门了。
Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom.
当你离开教室时，别忘记把所有的灯关掉。
They didn’t mean to go and help you.
他们不打算去帮助你们。
His words meant going to help you without delay.
他的话意味着他将毫不迟疑地前去帮助你们。
4．need，want，require等动词作“需要”讲，且主语为“某事物”时，后面跟动名词的主动形式或跟动词不定式的被动式，都表示被动意义。
Your house needs repairing/to be repaired.
你的房子需要维修。
The problem requires solving/to be solved immediately.
这个问题需要立即予以解决。
5．在动词allow，permit，forbid，advise后面直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。即：
allow/permit/forbid/advise doing sth.允许/同意/禁止/建议做某事；allow/permit/forbid/advise sb.to do sth.允许/同意/禁止/建议某人做某事。
He forbids smoking during office hours.
他禁止在办公时间抽烟。
Allow me to congratulate you on your great success!
让我向你伟大的成功祝贺！
III.高考链接
A.单句语法填空
1．When I saw Tom，I stopped _________(greet) him，but he ignored me.
2．The thief ran away quickly to avoid _________(catch) by the policeman.
3．Would you mind _________(turn) down your radio a little，please?
4．I remembered _________(lock) the door，but forgot to turn off the lights.
5．My sister is considering _________(change) her job at present.
6．The old man expects _________(get) a chance to attend the ceremony.
7．I’m really very sorry，but I didn’t mean _________(harm) you.
8．You’d better set aside some time to practice _________(speak) English.
9．I really appreciated _________(give) such a good chance.
10．Finally the woman managed _________(persuade) her husband to quit smoking.
答案：
1.to greet 2.being caught 3.turning 4.locking 5.changing
6.to get 7.to harm 8.speaking 9.being given 10.to persuade
B.完成句子
1．The leader promised ____________________.
这位领导人承诺尽快解决这个问题。
2．After a discussion，they decided to delay ____________________.
讨论过后，他们决定推迟公布这个结果。
3．I regretted ____________________，for it was so boring.
我后悔昨晚看了那部电影，因为非常乏味。
4．He offered ____________________，but I didn’t accept.
他主动提出开车送我回家，但我没有接受。
5．After a talk with her parents，she chose ____________________ .
和父母谈过之后，她选择去美国深造。
答案：
1.to settle the problem as soon as possible
2.announcing the result
3.seeing the film last night
4.to drive me home
5.to go to the USA for further education
C.单句写作
1．这个女孩尝试独自居住，但很快她就回家了。(try)
______________________________________________________________________________
2．想象一下：夏天的晚上躺在沙滩上。(imagine)
______________________________________________________________________________
3．我记得小时候被妈妈带去公园的事情。(remember)
______________________________________________________________________________
4．看到老师进了教室，学生们停止了讨论。(stop)
______________________________________________________________________________
5．他发现忍住不买这些书很难。(resist)
______________________________________________________________________________
6．老人渴望被好好照顾，因为他感到孤独。(desire)
______________________________________________________________________________
7．地板太脏了，需要立刻打扫一下。(need)
______________________________________________________________________________
8．他答应来参加派对的，但是现在还没有露面。(promise)
______________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1.The girl tried living alone，but she returned home after a short time.
2.Imagine lying on the beach on a summer night.
3.I remember being taken to the park by my mother when I was young.
4.Seeing their teacher enter the classroom，the students stopped discussing.
5.He found it hard to resist buying these books.
6.The old man desires to be taken good care of，for he feels lonely.
7.The floor is too dirty.It needs cleaning/to be cleaned at once.
8.He promised to attend the party，but he hasn’t turned up yet.