Unit
1 Women
of
achievement
Learning
about
Language
语法精讲·探究学习
主谓一致
观察上面对话,
并用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
Either
you
or
she
is(be)
good
at
drawing.
2.
Neither
they
nor
Jack
is(be)
at
home
now.
3.
—
Is
(be)
either
she
or
you
to
go
and
attend
the
meeting?
—
Neither
she
nor
I
am
(be).
一、名词作主语时的主谓一致
主语
谓语动词
可数名词单数或不可数名词
单数
可数名词复数
复数
只表示复数意义的集体名词people,
police,
cattle等
复数
family,
class,
group,
team类集体名词
强调整体
单数
强调个体
复数
只作不可数名词用的集体名词clothing,
equipment,
furniture,
jewellery等
单数
单复数同形的名词means,
sheep,
works,
deer,
fish等
根据其表达的单复数意义而定
Tom
has
eggs
and
milk
for
breakfast.
汤姆早餐吃鸡蛋,
喝牛奶。
The
children
are
very
fond
of
playing
games.
孩子们非常喜欢玩游戏。
I
had
told
people
what
he
had
been
doing,
so
now
the
police
were
onto
him.
我已将他的所作所为告诉了其他人,
因此现在警方正在追查他。
goods,
clothes,
earnings,
remains等只有复数形式的名词作主语时,
谓语动词用复数。
用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1)The
equipment
of
our
factory
is(be)
all
imported
from
Britain.
(2)Each
means
has
(have)
been
proved
right,
which
makes
the
boss
satisfied.
(3)Fast
food
is(be)
full
of
fat
and
salt,
by
eating
more
fast
food
people
will
get
more
salt
and
fat
than
they
need
in
their
diet.
(4)His
family
was(be)
poor
and
he
used
to
work
hard
to
support
his
family.
(5)My
family
are(be)
going
on
a
trip
this
summer.
二、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致
主 语
谓语动词
由and
或both.
.
.
and连接,
其内容是复数
复 数
由or,
either.
.
.
or.
.
.
,
neither.
.
.
nor.
.
.
,
not
only.
.
.
but
also.
.
.
,
not.
.
.
but.
.
.
等连接
就近原则
主语后有with,
together
with,
along
with,
as
well
as,
like,
rather
than,
but,
except等词或短语时
单复数与前面的主语一致
主语+with/along
with/together
with/including/but/except/like/among/as
well
as/no
more
than/besides/rather
than+名词,
谓语和主语在单复数上保持一致。
The
teacher
with
a
number
of
students
is
in
the
classroom.
老师和许多学生都在教室里。
【知识延伸】and与谓语动词的单数
(1)由and连接的两个并列主语在意义上指同一人、同一事物或同一概念时,
谓语动词用单数。
(2)由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no,
each,
every,
many
a等修饰,
谓语动词要用单数。
The
writer
and
poet
is
coming
soon.
那位作家兼诗人很快就要来了。(同一个人,
注意poet前无冠词)
All
work
and
no
play
makes
Jack
a
dull
boy.
只工作不玩耍,
聪明孩子也变傻。
Every
hour
and
every
minute
is
of
great
importance
to
us.
每一小时和每一分钟都对我们很重要。
用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1)(2019·天津高考)Amy,
as
well
as
his
brothers,
was
given(give)a
warm
welcome
when
returning
to
the
village
last
week.
?
(2)(2019·江苏高考)The
musician
along
with
his
band
members
has
given(give)ten
performances
in
the
last
three
months.
?
(3)Not
only
you
but
also
he
is
(be)tired
of
having
one
exam
after
another.
(4)Does
(do)
she
or
you
like
to
read
English
novels?
三、数量概念作主语时的主谓一致
主语
谓语动词
表示单位数量,
指时间、金钱、距离、长度、重量等的复数名词短语
单数
the
rest/part
(of)及分数、百分数等
根据所指代或修饰的名词而定
a
number
of+可数名词复数
复数
the
number
of+可数名词复数
单数
a
quantity
of+复数名词/不可数名词
根据所修饰的名词而定
quantities
of+复数名词/不可数名词
复数
more
than
one/many
a+可数名词单数
单数
one
of+可数名词复数
单数
About
10%
of
the
pupils
were
absent
that
day.
那天大约有10%的学生缺席。
A
number
of
new
houses
have
been
built
there.
那儿已建了许多新房子。
在“one
of+复数名词/代词+定语从句”结构中,
定语从句中的谓语动词用复数形式。只有one之前出现the
only,
the
very等修饰语时,
定语从句的谓语动词才用单数形式。试比较:
He
is
one
of
the
students
who
have
passed
the
exam.
他是通过这次考试的学生之一。
He
is
the
only
one
of
the
students
who
has
passed
the
exam.
他是通过这次考试的唯一的学生。
用be动词的适当形式填空。
(1)One
of
my
close
friends
has
been
abroad
for
8
years.
?
(2)Great
quantities
of
fish
are
caught
in
the
deep
sea.
(3)There
is
a
large
quantity
of
milk.
四、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致
主语
谓语动词
either,
each
(of),
anyone,
somebody,
everything,
no
one等
单数
both/few/many/several
(of)等
复数
all/some/most
(of)
指代或修饰可数名词复数
复数
指代或修饰不可数名词
单数
none
(of)
指代或修饰可数名词复数
单、复数均可
指代或修饰不可数名词
单数
Each
of
the
books
costs
five
yuan.
每本书5块钱。
Both
of
my
grandfathers
are
farmers.
我的祖父和外祖父都是农民。
All
are
here
now.
大家都到齐了。
All
has
been
tried.
一切都试过了。
用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1)None
of
them
is/are(be)
aware
of
the
danger.
(2)None
of
the
money
was
paid(pay)to
me
yesterday.
?
(3)Most
of
the
students
in
this
class
are(be)
good
at
mathematics.
(4)Since
everyone
is(be)here,
let’s
begin
our
meeting.
五、其他情况作主语时的主谓一致
主 语
谓语动词
the
+adj.
作主语
指一类人或可数事物
复 数
There(Here)
be句式中有多个主语
就近原则
定语从句中关系代词作主语
与先行词一致
表示单一概念的不定式、动名词或从句
单 数
There
is
an
apple
and
some
oranges
on
the
table.
桌子上有一个苹果和一些橘子。
To
prevent
the
air
from
being
polluted
is
what
we’re
now
researching.
防止空气污染是我们正在研究的课题。
Whether
he
will
leave
the
city
or
not
has
not
been
known
yet.
他是否会离开这个城市还不知道。
语法填空。
(1)The
rich
are(be)
for
the
decision
while
the
poor
are
against
it.
(2)Reading
English
newspapers
and
magazines
is(be)helpful
to
our
study
of
English.
(3)The
cooking
time
needed
depends(depend)on
the
size
of
the
potato.
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.
Either
you
or
the
president
is
(be)
to
hand
out
the
prizes
to
these
gifted
winners
at
the
meeting.
2.
I,
who
am
(be)
your
close
friend,
will
try
my
best
to
help
you
out
of
trouble.
3.
Many
a
scientist
has(have)
been
trying
to
solve
the
problems
of
the
nuclear
leakage.
4.
There
was
(be)
a
lot
of
rubbish
on
the
floor
so
I
asked
Mary
to
sweep
it
up.
5.
Three
million
tons
of
coal
is
(be)
exploited
every
year
in
the
city.
6.
Stories
of
the
Long
March
is
(be)
popular
with
the
young
people
now.
7.
Mathematics
is
(be)
the
language
of
science.
8.
Both
rice
and
wheat
are
(be)
grown
in
our
country.
9.
Has
(have)
either
of
your
parents
come
to
see
you
recently?
10.
What
the
children
in
the
mountain
village
need
are
(be)
good
books.
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
All
the
furniture
has
been
moved
to
another
room.
?
所有家具都已经被搬到了另一个房间里。
2.
Believe
it
or
not,
everyone
here
has
a
gift
for
music.
?
信不信由你,
这里的每个人都有音乐天赋。
3.
A
large
quantity
of
storybooks
have
been
bought
for
the
children.
?
(学校)为孩子们买了大量的故事书。
4.
My
neighbour
and
colleague
is
watering
the
flowers.
?
我的邻居,
也是我的同事,
正在浇花。
5.
Many
a
student
was
on
the
spot
when
the
accident
happened.
?
当事故发生时,
许多学生在现场。
6.
The
number
of
the
people
who
know
the
secret
is
very
limited.
?
知道这个秘密的人数量很有限。
7.
Neither
the
students
nor
the
teacher
knows
the
reason
why
she
didn’t
turn
up.
?
学生和老师都不知道她没到场的原因。
使用本单元所学语法知识(主谓一致)结合主题语境翻译下面语段。
今天是第一中学的校庆。会议邀请了许多同学参加,
人数达5000人。许多著名学者来到这里,
其中不止一位为学校的建设做出了巨大贡献。就在国庆长假的第二天,
许多在学校学习的学生待在家里,
其余的留在学校帮助老师为客人服务。对每个出席会议的人而言,
他们的学校总是最好的。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Today
is
the
anniversary
of
No.
1
Middle
School.
A
number
of
schoolmates
have
been
invited
to
attend
the
meeting
and
the
number
comes
to
5,
000.
Many
a
famous
scholar
has
arrived
and
more
than
one
of
them
has
made
great
contributions
to
the
building
of
the
school.
It
just
falls
on
the
second
day
of
the
National
Holiday,
so
many
of
the
students
studying
at
school
are
staying
at
home
while
the
rest
remain
at
school
helping
their
teachers
to
serve
the
guests.
As
far
as
everyone
present
at
the
meeting
is
concerned,
their
school
is
always
the
best.
课时素养评价
二 Unit
1 Learning
about
Language
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
police
have
(have)
caught
the
criminal.
2.
Each
means
has
(have)
been
tried
to
solve
the
problem,
but
none
is
effective.
3.
A
large
quantity
of
money
was
(be)spent
on
the
bridge.
4.
The
rest
of
the
bicycles
are(be)
on
sale
today.
5.
All
are
(be)eager
to
reach
an
agreement.
6.
None
of
the
telephones
is/are(be)working.
7.
Not
only
he
but
also
all
his
family
are
(be)
keen
on
concerts.
8.
Are
(be)
you
or
he
good
at
English?
9.
Whether
they
will
hold
a
party
or
not
has
(have)not
been
decided.
10.
The
basketball
coach,
as
well
as
his
team,
was
(be)
interviewed
shortly
after
the
match
for
their
outstanding
performance.
Ⅱ.
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
My
seatmate
James,
whose
parents
1.
have
taught/have
been
teaching(teach)
English
in
Guangzhou
for
ten
years,
2.
comes(come)
from
the
United
States,
which
3.
is(be)
one
of
the
most
developed
countries
in
the
world.
He
as
well
as
his
parents
4.
enjoys(enjoy)
living
in
Guangzhou
because
neither
James
nor
his
parents
5.
find(find)
it
difficult
to
adapt
to
the
life
in
China.
In
their
opinion,
many
a
custom
here
6.
is(be)
easy
to
understand
and
ten
years
7.
is(be)
enough
for
them
to
get
used
to
all
the
customs.
?
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
It
took
100
years,
but
finally,
scientists
proved
Albert
Einstein’s
theory
that
gravitational
waves(引力波)
exist.
The
waves
were
predicted
as
part
of
Einstein’s
General
Theory
of
Relativity
nearly
100
years
ago.
It
was
the
theory
of
the
physics
behind
the
workings
of
our
world
and
the
universe.
The
idea
was
that
the
waves
are
like
ripples(涟漪,
波痕)
in
space,
caused
by
some
of
the
violent
and
energetic
processes
in
the
Universe.
For
example,
two
black
holes
crash
into
each
other.
Now
a
group
of
scientists,
including
ones
from
CalTech,
MIT
and
the
LIGO
Scientific
Collaboration
finally
found
the
gravitational
waves.
David
Reitze,
the
executive
director
of
the
LIGO
observatory
at
CalTech,
said,
“We
have
detected
gravitational
waves.
We
did
it!”
What
are
these
gravitational
waves?
Well,
imagine
throwing
a
rock
into
a
pond.
When
the
rock
hits
the
flat
surface
of
the
water,
it
creates
ripples
or
waves.
Spacetime
is
like
the
surface
of
the
water.
So
that
means
gravitational
waves
are
like
the
ripples
moving
out
from
where
the
rock
hits
the
water.
It
might
be
hard
to
understand,
but
those
gravitational
waves
expand
and
contract
space
and
time
as
they
move
through
space.
And
when
they
get
to
the
earth,
the
waves
pass
through,
and
contract
and
expand
the
planet
as
the
wave
goes
by.
It
was
Einstein
who
said
these
gravitational
waves
should
be
observable.
But
these
are
not
huge
waves.
They
are
very,
very
small,
which
is
why
it
took
so
long
to
find
them.
You
cannot
see
them
with
your
eyes.
They
are
smaller
than
the
size
of
an
atom.
How
did
the
scientists
find
them?
They
used
a
very
big
scientific
tool
called
LIGO.
The
billion-dollar
LIGO
project
is
two
L-shaped
observatories.
One
is
in
Louisiana
and
one
in
Washington
state.
Their
job
was
to
watch
for
these
gravitational
waves.
They
have
been
looking
on
and
off
since
2002.
【文章大意】本文主要讲了科学家声称他们发现了100年前爱因斯坦提出的引力波。
1.
What
can
cause
gravitational
waves?
A.
The
earth’s
movement.
B.
Some
black
holes.
C.
Crashes
and
energetic
processes
in
space.
D.
Man’s
activities
in
the
universe.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知,
宇宙间碰撞和能量转换会造成太空中形成涟漪般的波纹,
例如两个黑洞相互碰撞就会形成引力波。
2.
The
underlined
word
“detected”
in
Paragraph
4
means
“_______”.
?
A.
discovered B.
described
C.
decided
D.
divided
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据上下文可知,
此处指我们发现了引力波。detect表示“查明,
发现”,
A项有发现之意。
3.
How
is
Paragraph
5
organized?
A.
By
comparing
water
waves
and
gravitational
waves.
B.
By
giving
an
example.
C.
By
analyzing
cause
and
effect.
D.
By
listing
the
features
of
gravitational
waves.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。这一段主要通过举例子生动形象地让我们了解什么是引力波。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
(2020·开封高一检测)
I
got
on
the
bus,
dirty,
tired
and
hot
after
a
day
hard
working.
I 1
that
place
every
day
looking
like
a
coal
mine
worker.
2
,
I
still
felt
a
bit
proud
of
myself
for
holding
this
tiring
job
for
3
months.
Taking
my
seat
on
the
bus,
I
decided
my
3
life
would
not
lower
my
spirits
today.
?
I
was
dreaming
about
a
better
and
new
life
when
I
was 4
by
our
new
passenger,
a
middle
aged
woman
with
worn-out
clothes
and
messy
hair.
She
5
pushed
her
way
into
a
front
seat,
and
then
turned
her
glare
and
6
on
whoever
dared
to
look
her
way.
?
All
I
could
feel
for
this
woman
was 7 .
Only
pity
and
the
familiar
knowledge
of
being
faceless,
nameless,
and
8
to
no
one.
Suddenly,
she
loudly
yelled
to
me,
“Why
are
you
so
9
man?”?
With
a
smile
I
said,
“I
just
came
from
work.
”
She
then
asked
if
I
worked
in
hell
and
broke
out
in
laughter,
so
I
laughed
too
—
10
her
and
told
her
that
was
funny.
Then
I
asked
her
her
name
as
I
11
why
I
was
so
dirty.
Her
name
was
Karen.
?
In
front
of
all
of
us
on
the
bus
that
day,
the
power
of 12
showed
its
beauty.
In
front
of
all
of
us
this
woman
13 .
Her
language,
her
posture,
and
her
voice,
even
the
wave
she
tilted
(倾斜)
her
head
when
I
spoke
to
her
as
a
14
changed.
?
As
Karen
was
getting
off
the
bus,
she
touched
me 15
on
the
arm.
With
tear-filled
eyes,
she
asked
whether
I’d
be
riding
the
bus
the
next
day.
I
16
I
would.
We
waved
to
each
other
and
then
I
got
what
my
life
had
needed
all
along:
affirmation
(认可).
?
An
old
woman
on
the
bus
spoke
to
me,
“Sir,
you
just
changed
that
woman
with
your
heart.
She
will
never
forget
how
you 17
her.
You
are
great.
”
Other
passengers
gave
me
thumbs-up
signs
showing
their
18 .
?
That
day
was
the
first
day
when
I
realized
I
am 19 .
People
say
I
gave
Karen
something
that
day
but
actually
she
20
me
so
much
more.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在公交车上遇到一个非常没有礼貌的女人,
作者以善心待她,
改变了她的言行。
1.
A.
left
B.
found
C.
visited
D.
reached
【解析】选A。根据上文中的“after
a
day
hard
working”可知,
作者下班了,
因此是“离开”工作地点。
leave离开;
find发现;
visit参观,
拜访;
reach到达。故选A。
2.
A.
Besides
B.
However
C.
Therefore
D.
Otherwise
【解析】选B。根据内容可知,
上文提到作者感到疲惫,
该句提到作者仍然感到自豪。上下文之间是转折关系。besides此外;
however但是;
therefore因此;
otherwise否则。故选B。
3.
A.
strange
B.
unhappy
C.
brave
D.
interesting
【解析】选B。根据内容可知,
上句提到作者连续三个月工作都是令人疲惫的,
每天下班后都感觉自己像个矿工。所以,
作者生活是“不开心的”。
strange奇怪的;
unhappy不开心的;
brave勇敢的;
interesting有趣的。故选B。
4.
A.
stopped
B.
recognized
C.
challenged
D.
followed
【解析】选A。根据内容可知,
一个新乘客的出现“打断”了作者对新生活的想象。stop中断,
停止;
recognize认出;
challenge挑战;
follow跟随。故选A。
5.
A.
gently
B.
quietly
C.
slowly
D.
rudely
【解析】选D。根据下文“turned
her
glare”可知,
这个女人非常“不礼貌”。
gently温柔地;
quietly安静地;
slowly慢慢地;
rudely粗鲁地。故选D。
6.
A.
puzzle
B.
fear
C.
anger
D.
surprise
【解析】选C。根据内容可知,
该空和前面的glare并列,
都表示这个女人非常地没有礼貌。puzzle迷惑;
fear害怕;
anger生气;
surprise惊讶。故选C。
7.
A.
pity
B.
satisfaction
C.
disappointment
D.
amazement
【解析】选A。根据下句中的“Only
pity”可知,
作者对这个女人充满“同情和怜悯”。pity怜悯,
同情;
satisfaction满意;
disappointment失望;
amazement惊奇。故选A。
8.
A.
demanding
B.
controlling
C.
mattering
D.
appealing
【解析】选C。根据内容结合faceless,
nameless及这个女人的穿着打扮和行为举止可知,
这个女人应该是社会底层的人,
她对于任何人来说都不重要,
没人在意她。demand要求;
control控制;
matter要紧,
重要;
appeal呼吁,
吸引。故选C。
9.
A.
sad
B.
dirty
C.
nervous
D.
crazy
【解析】选B。根据第一段第一句“I
got
on
the
bus,
dirty,
tired
and
hot
after
a
day
hard
working.
”可知,
作者下班身上很脏。因此这个女人问作者为什么这么“脏”。与后面的“why
I
was
so
dirty”呼应。sad伤心的;
dirty脏的;
nervous紧张的;
crazy疯狂的。故选B。
10.
A.
at
B.
off
C.
about
D.
with
【解析】选D。
根据内容可知,
那个女人哈哈大笑,
作者也大笑,
所以,
作者和她一起大笑。at在(某处);
off远离;
about关于;
with和……一起。故选D。
11.
A.
examined
B.
admitted
C.
explained
D.
regretted
【解析】选C。根据该段开头的With
a
smile
I
said,
“I
just
came
from
work.
”可知,
作者向那个女人解释了自己为什么那么脏。examine检查;
admit承认;
explain解释;
regret后悔。故选C。
12.
A.
teamwork
B.
determination
C.
honesty
D.
kindness
【解析】选D。根据内容可知,
对于那个女人的无礼,
作者报以微笑,
这是一种善良的表现。teamwork团队合作;
determination决心;
honesty诚实;
kindness善良。故选D。
13.
A.
agreed
B.
cheered
C.
hesitated
D.
changed
【解析】选D。根据后面的changed可知,
这个女人发生了改变。agree同意;
cheer欢呼,
加油;
hesitate犹豫;
change改变。故选D。
14.
A.
family
B.
stranger
C.
friend
D.
teacher
【解析】选C。根据第四段中的描述可知,
作者和那个女人像“朋友”一样交谈。
family家庭;
stranger陌生人;
friend朋友;
teacher老师。故选C。
15.
A.
softly
B.
hopelessly
C.
patiently
D.
unwillingly
【解析】选A。根据第四段的描述可知,
作者和女人像朋友一样交谈,
因此女人“轻轻地”碰触作者。softly温柔地,
柔和地;
hopelessly绝望地,
无望地;
patiently耐心地;
unwillingly不乐意地。故选A。
16.
A.
checked
B.
demanded
C.
promised
D.
begged
【解析】选C。根据内容可知,
Karen问作者是否第二天还会乘坐这辆公共汽车。作者向她承诺第二天还坐这辆车。
check核对;
demand要求;
promise承诺;
beg恳求。故选C。
17.
A.
missed
B.
treated
C.
persuaded
D.
remembered
【解析】选B。根据内容可知,
Karen永远也不会忘记作者是如何“对待”她的。miss思念,
错过;
treat对待;
persuade说服;
remember记住。故选B。
18.
A.
humor
B.
politeness
C.
confidence
D.
admiration
【解析】选D。根据前面的“thumbs-up
signs”可知,
其他乘客对作者的做法表示“赞美”。humor幽默;
politeness礼貌;
confidence信心;
admiration钦佩,
赞美。故选D。
19.
A.
helped
B.
needed
C.
understood
D.
respected
【解析】选B。根据上文内容可知,
作者的所作所为改变了Karen,
同时获得了其他人的赞美和认可。所以,
作者是被别人“需要的”。help帮助;
need需要;
understand理解;
respect尊敬。故选B。
20.
A.
gave
B.
paid
C.
owed
D.
lent
【解析】选A。根据倒数第三段中的“then
I
got
what
my
life
had
needed
all
along:
affirmation”可知,
作者从Karen那里得到了认可,
作者认为Karen给予自己的更多。
give给;
pay付钱;
owe欠;
lend借给。故选A。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·青岛高一检测)
Wilma
Rudolph
was
a
girl
born
in
a
poor
family.
When
she
was
four
years
old,
a
deadly
1.
___________
(ill)
made
her
left
leg
useless.
She
had
to
wear
an
iron
leg
brace
(支架).
Yet
she
was
fortunate
in
having
a
mother
2.
___________
encouraged
her
to
have
courage.
?
At
nine
years
of
age,
she
removed
3.
___________leg
brace
and
took
the
step
which
was
impossible
according
to
the
doctors.
Then
she
got
the
dream
that
she
would
like
to
be
the
world’s
greatest
woman
runner.
At
the
age
of
13,
she
entered
a
race.
But
she
came
in
last
in
every
race.
Everyone
advised
her
4.
___________(stop).
However,
one
day,
she
came
in
next
to
last.
And
then
one
day,
she
got
the
first
place
in
a
race!
From
then
on,
Wilma
Rudolph
5.
___________(win)
every
race
that
she
entered.
?
Years
6.
___________
(late),
Wilma
went
to
Tennessee
State
University,
where
she
met
a
coach
7.
___________(name)
Ed
Temple.
He
trained
her
so
well
8.
___________in
1960
she
went
to
the
Olympic
Games
in
Rome.
There
she
beat
a
German
girl
Jutta
Heine,
the
9.
___________(great)
woman
runner
of
the
day.
That
day
Wilma
made
history
as
she
became
the
first
woman
who
had
won
three
gold
10.
___________(medal)
in
the
same
Olympic
Games.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了奥运金牌得主Wilma
Rudolph的成长历程。
1.
【解析】illness。考查名词。句意:
在她四岁的时候,
致命的疾病使她的左腿瘫痪。根据句意此处表示“疾病”,
作主语,
ill的名词形式是illness(疾病),
由空前a可知,
此处使用名词单数形式。
2.
【解析】who/that。考查定语从句。此处是限定性定语从句,
a
mother是指人的先行词,
从句中缺少主语,
所以用关系代词who/that引导。
3.
【解析】the/her。考查定冠词/形容词性物主代词。句意:
九岁时,
她拿开拐杖,
开始走路,
这在医生看来是不可能的。分析句子可知,
空白处可以填the,
表特指;
也可以填her,
表示“她的”。
4.
【解析】to
stop。考查固定搭配。advise
sb.
to
do
sth.
意为“建议某人做某事”。
5.
【解析】won。考查动词时态。句意:
从那时起,
Wilma
Rudolph在每个她参加的比赛中都获胜。句子陈述的是过去发生的事情,
用一般过去时态。
6.
【解析】later。考查副词。句意:
数年后,
Wilma进入田纳西州立大学,
遇到了Ed
Temple教练。此处表“后来,
随后”。
7.
【解析】named。考查非谓语动词。句意:
数年后,
Wilma进入田纳西州立大学,
遇到了Ed
Temple教练。分析句子可知,
went是谓语,
name要用非谓语形式;
name与逻辑主语coach是被动关系,
所以用过去分词形式。
8.
【解析】that。考查固定句型。句意:
他把她训练得如此好,
以至于1960年她进入罗马奥运会。so.
.
.
that.
.
.
意为“如此……以至于……”。
9.
【解析】greatest。考查形容词最高级。句意:
在那儿,
她打败了德国选手Jutta
Heine——那个时代最伟大的女运动员。定冠词the后接形容词最高级。
10.
【解析】medals。考查名词复数。句意:
那天Wilma创造了历史,
因为她成为第一个在同一届奥运会上赢得三块金牌的女运动员。three修饰可数名词复数。
PAGEUnit
1 Women
of
achievement
Using
Language
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
用本单元适当的单词补全语境
1.
a
large
audience 大批观众
2.
the
young
generation
年轻一代
3.
those
small
acts
of
kindness
那些小小的善举
4.
a
very
considerate
person
非常体贴的人
5.
remain
modest
保持谦虚
6.
the
system
of
the
sickness
疾病系统
7.
intend
to
go
there
打算去那里
8.
deliver
a
speech
发表演讲
9.
the
rate
of
growth
增长率
10.
in
the
emergency
紧急情况;
突发事件
Ⅱ.
根据语境用适当的词补全短语
1.
I
promised
not
to
refer
to
the
matter
again.
2.
The
pair
met
often
—
at
first
by
chance
but
later
by
design.
3.
While
cleaning
the
room
yesterday,
I
came
across
an
old
photograph
of
my
mother.
4.
They
carried
on
building
the
house
though
they
were
tired
out.
5.
One
story
in
his
book
caught
my
eye
while
I
was
reading
it
the
other
day.
6.
He
sat
down
in
the
armchair
and
turned
on
the
radio.
7.
They
visited
some
factories,
hospitals
as
well
as
the
schools.
8.
I
could
only
devote
two
hours
a
day
to
the
work.
9.
I
also
found
out
that
he
had
no
food
in
the
house.
10.
This
book
is
intended
for
the
general
reader
rather
than
the
student.
Ⅲ.
根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1.
It
seemed
that
(似乎)she
had
been
very
busy
in
her
chosen
career,
travelling
abroad
to
study
as
well
as
writing
books
and
articles(以及写书和写文章).
?
2.
Suddenly
it
hit
me
(突然意识到)how
difficult
it
was
for
a
woman
to
get
medical
training
at
that
time.
?
3.
Further
reading(延伸阅读)made
me
realize
that
it
was
hard
work
and
determination
as
well
as
her
gentle
nature
that
got
her
into
a
medical
school.
?
4.
What
made
her
succeed
later
on
(后来让她成功的是)was
the
kindness
and
consideration
she
showed
to
all
her
patients.
?
阅读精析·合作学习
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
Match
the
general
idea
of
every
paragraph.
Part
1(Para.
1) _____________?
Part
2(Paras.
2,
3)
_____________?
Part
3(Para.
4)
_____________?
A.
What
Lin
Qiaozhi
had
done
helped
the
author
to
find
the
life
goal.
B.
The
author’s
doubt
about
what
he
should
study
at
university.
C.
Lin
Qiaozhi’s
personalities
and
her
achievements.
答案:
Part
1-B Part
2-C Part
3-A
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)From
Para.
1,
what
can
we
infer?
A.
The
writer’s
homework
was
to
change
her
life.
B.
The
writer
liked
biology
and
chemistry.
C.
The
writer
was
a
middle
school
student.
D.
The
writer
was
studying
at
university.
(2)The
small
book
explaining
how
to
cut
the
death
rate
from
having
and
caring
for
babies
was
intended
for
the_________.
?
A.
women
who
would
give
birth
to
a
baby
B.
persons
who
wanted
to
keep
healthy
C.
women
who
lived
in
the
countryside
D.
women
who
couldn’t
reach
the
countryside
(3)Which
of
the
following
statements
about
Lin
Qiaozhi
is
NOT
true?
A.
She
did
some
research
on
great
women
in
China.
B.
She
wrote
a
book
for
women
in
the
countryside
about
how
to
cut
the
death
rate
from
having
and
caring
for
babies.
C.
She
is
a
hard-working
woman
with
determination
and
gentle
nature.
D.
Her
kindness
and
consideration
made
her
succeed
later.
(4)From
the
passage
we
can
infer
that
_______.
?
A.
in
the
early
20th
century
women
didn’t
have
the
same
right
as
men
in
education
B.
Lin
Qiaozhi
was
a
specialist
because
she
was
the
cleverest
lady
of
her
time
C.
as
a
university
student,
the
writer
decided
to
be
a
second
Lin
Qiaozhi
D.
poor
people
in
the
countryside
could
never
reach
a
doctor
if
they
had
an
emergency
(5)The
main
idea
of
the
passage
is_______.
?
A.
Lin
Qiaozhi’s
achievements
as
a
doctor
B.
that
the
writer
was
greatly
inspired
by
Lin
Qiaozhi
and
decided
to
study
at
medical
college
C.
that
Lin
Qiaozhi
helped
lots
of
poor
people
in
the
countryside
D.
why
Lin
Qiaozhi
chose
to
be
a
doctor
答案:
(1)～(5)CCAAB
2.
根据文章内容完成空格。
Lin
Qiaozhi
(1901-1983)
profession
a
(1)specialist
in
women’s
diseases
character
◆(2)gentle
nature
and
determination◆kindness
and
(3)consideration
what
she
did
◆She
managed
to
study
at
a
(4)medical
school.
◆She
travelled
(5)abroad
to
study
as
well
as
writing
books
and
articles.
◆Instead
of
having
a
family
of
her
own,
she
devoted
her
whole
life
to
her
patients
and
made
sure
that
about
50,
000
babies
were
safely
(6)delivered.
3.
运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
译文:
直到有一天晚上坐在电脑旁研究中国伟大的女性时,
我才知道了答案。
译文:
这是一本小书,
介绍了从妇女怀孕和护理婴儿的过程中如何降低死亡率。
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
结合课文主题,
回答下列问题。
What
do
you
think
are
the
important
qualities
that
a
doctor
should
have?
I
think
a
doctor
should
be
kind,
competent
and
devoted.
?
2.
根据提示,
运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)我有一个好朋友叫王琳,
她谦虚(modest)又体贴(considerate)。
(2)虽然她有残疾,
但她从不瞧不起(look
down
upon)自己。
(3)上个月她被邀请去一所学校发表(deliver)演讲。
(4)演讲持续(carry
on)了两个小时,
但王琳没有看(refer
to)她的笔记本。
(5)她的演讲非常精彩,
观众(audience)给予她热烈的掌声。
I
have
a
good
friend
named
Wang
Lin,
who
is
modest
and
considerate.
Although
she
is
disabled,
she
never
looks
down
upon
herself.
Last
month
she
was
invited
to
go
to
a
school
to
deliver
a
speech.
The
speech
carried
on
for
two
hours
but
Wang
Lin
didn’t
refer
to
her
notebook.
Her
speech
was
so
brilliant
that
the
audience
gave
her
a
warm
applause.
?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
refer
to查阅;
参考;
谈到;
涉及;
指的是
If
the
word
group
refers
to
different
members,
use
a
plural
verb.
如果group这个词指不同的成员,
则谓语动词使用复数。
She
always
referred
to
Ben
as
‘that
nice
man’.
她总是称本为“那个大好人”。
You
should
refer
this
argument
to
the
head
office
for
a
decision.
你应把这次辩论提交总部去决定。
She
made
no
reference
to
her
illness
but
only
to
her
future
plans.
她没有提到她的疾病,
只说了她未来的计划。
refer
to.
.
.
as.
.
.
把……称作……
refer.
.
.
to.
.
.
将……送交给……(以求获得帮助等)
reference
n.
说到,
提及,
参考
in/with
reference
to
关于
观察并思考refer
to
与
look
up
的异同:
Can
I
refer
to
your
dictionary?
I
want
to
look
up
a
new
word
in
it.
答案:
refer
to作“查询,
查找”讲时,
其宾语多为book,
dictionary等;
look
up意为“查找”,
其宾语应为“查找的内容”。?
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
The
trend,
then,
was
toward
the
“penny
paper”—a
term
referring
to
papers
made
widely
available
to
the
public.
当时的趋势是向“便士报”发展,
便士报是一个术语,
指的是公众可以广泛阅览的报纸。
(1)语法填空。
①My
doctor
referred
me
to
a
specialist.
②Marcia
had
referred
to
him
as
a
dear
friend.
③Complete
the
exercises
without
referring
(refer)
to
a
dictionary.
④There
is
no
direct
reference
(refer)
to
her
own
childhood
in
the
novel.
(2)选词填空(look
up/refer
to)。
Don’t
always
refer
to
the
dictionary
when
coming
across
new
words.
Only
if
a
word
is
very
important
can
you
look
up
the
word
in
your
dictionary.
?
2.
come
across(偶然)
遇见;
碰见;
被理解
By
chance
I
came
across
an
article
about
a
doctor
called
Lin
Qiaozhi,
a
specialist
in
women’s
diseases.
很偶然地,
我看到了一篇关于林巧稚大夫的文章,
她是妇科专家。
The
car
accident
was
horrible,
but
nobody
knows
how
it
came
about.
那次车祸真可怕,
但是没有人知道它是怎么造成的。
The
moon
came
out
from
behind
the
clouds.
月亮从云后露出脸来。
When
it
comes
to
diet
and
exercise,
we
know
what
to
do,
but
we
don’t
do
what
we
know.
当谈及饮食和锻炼时我们知道怎么做,
但是我们不会按照我们知道的去做。
I’ll
let
him
know
if
anything
comes
up.
如有什么事发生,
我会告诉他的。
come
about 发生
come
on
加油;
到来
come
out
出来;
出版;
结果是
come
to
达到;
谈到
When
it
comes
to.
.
.
当谈及……
come
up
(太阳)升起;
发生;
被提及
come
up
with
sth.
找到/提出某事(物)
come
about是不及物动词短语,
不能用于被动语态,
常指情况不受人控制地突然发生。有时用it作形式主语,
that从句作真正主语。
(2020·江苏高考)When
it
comes
to
in-person
humor,
effort
counts
a
lot.
说到面对面幽默,
努力是很重要的。
(1)介、副词填空。
①The
meaning
of
this
word
will
come
across
to
you
sooner
or
later.
②That
came
about
when
we
went
to
Glastonbury
last
year.
③To
some
extent,
what
you
came
up
with
is
practical.
④Come
on!We
don’t
have
much
time.
(2)When
it
comes
to
the
Internet,
he
is
always
very
excited.
?
当谈到因特网时,
他总是很兴奋。
3.
intend vt.
计划;
打算
This
money
is
intended
for
the
development
of
the
tourist
industry.
这笔钱准备用于旅游业的开发。
I
intend
to
take
full
advantage
of
this
trip
to
buy
the
things
we
need.
我打算充分利用这次旅行来购买我们所需的物品。
The
writer
clearly
intends
his
readers
to
identify
with
the
main
character.
作者显然想使读者能与主人公产生共鸣。
She’s
full
of
good
intentions
but
they
rarely
work
out.
她虽然处处出于善意,
却很少产生效果。
(1)be
intended
for 专门为……而设计的;
专供……使用的
intend
sb.
/sth.
for.
.
.
打算使某人/某物成为……;
想让某人/某物从事……
intend
sb.
to
do
sth.
打算让某人做某事
intend
to
do/doing
sth.
打算做某事
intend
that.
.
.
打算;
想……
(2)intention
n.
用意;
目的;
意图
without
intention
无意地;
不是故意地
【知识延伸】
如何表述“本打算做某事”
had
intended
to
do
sth.
=intended
to
have
done
sth.
had
planned
to
do
sth.
=planned
to
have
done
sth.
had
meant
to
do
sth.
=meant
to
have
done
sth.
(1)语法填空。
①He
intends
to
study/studying
abroad
next
year.
②I
intend
you
to
come
with
me.
③This
book
is
intended
for
children.
(2)句型转换。
①They
intended
that
the
plan
should
be
put
into
practice
within
this
year.
(改为简单句)
→They
intended
the
plan
to
be
put
into
practice
within
this
year.
?
②Peter
had
intended
to
take
a
job
in
business,
but
abandoned
that
plan
after
the
unpleasant
experience
in
Canada
in
2019.
(用不定式的完成式改写)
→Peter
intended
to
have
taken
a
job
in
business,
but
abandoned
that
plan
after
the
unpleasant
experience
in
Canada
in
2019.
?
③The
green
map
is
intended
for
travelers,
so
it
sells
well.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→Intended
for
travelers,
the
green
map
sells
well.
?
4.
deliver
vt.
递送;
生(小孩儿);
接生;
发表(演说等)
There
was
story
after
story
of
how
Lin
Qiaozhi,
tired
after
a
day’s
work,
went
late
at
night
to
deliver
a
baby
for
a
poor
family
who
could
not
pay
her.
数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后,
又在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生,
而这些家庭不能付给她报酬。
She
was
delivered
of
a
healthy
boy
in
hospital
last
night.
她昨天晚上在医院生下了一个健康的男孩儿。
Did
you
deliver
my
message
to
my
mother?
你把我的信息传给我母亲了吗?
She
is
due
to
deliver
a
lecture
on
5G
engineering.
根据安排她要作一个关于5G工程的演讲。
deliver
a
baby 助产;
接生
be
delivered
of
a
baby
分娩;
生孩子
deliver.
.
.
to.
.
.
把……交给/传递给……
deliver
a
speech
发表演说
delivery
n.
递,
递送
【巧学助记】图解deliver多层含义
【熟词生义】
When
he
was
young,
he
was
well
educated,
which
delivered
him
from
ignorance.
年轻时他受到了良好的教育,
这把他从无知中解救出来。
(vt.
解救)
Delivery
our
words
not
by
number
but
by
weight.
话不在多,
而在其分量。(喻指一言一句的重要性)
(1)写出下列句中deliver的含义。
①The
doctor
delivered
the
twins
safely
last
night.
(接生)
②He
delivered
the
opening
speech
at
the
opening
ceremony
of
the
2018
World
Cup.
(发表)
③It
is
very
considerate
of
you
to
deliver
milk
to
our
door
every
morning.
(递送)
(2)语法填空。
①Mail
is
delivered
(deliver)
to
our
office
twice
a
day.
?
②Advertising
is
distinguished
from
other
forms
of
communication
in
that
the
advertiser
pays
for
the
message
to
be
delivered
(deliver).
?
③Home
milk
delivery
(deliver)
has
almost
disappeared
in
China
now,
and
gone
with
it
are
milkmen.
5.
Suddenly
it
hit
me
how
difficult
it
was
for
a
woman
to
get
medical
training
at
that
time.
?
我突然想起在那个年代,
一个女子去学医是多么难。
【句式解构】
(1)句中使用了“It
hit(s)
me+从句”结构,
意思是“我突然想到……”,
it在句中作形式主语。
(2)常用的类似句型还有:
It
occurs
to
sb.
that.
.
.
?(某人)突然想到……
It
strikes
sb.
that.
.
.
(某人)突然想到……
It
hit
me
that
I
had
been
paying
attention
to
what
was
going
wrong
with
my
life
rather
than
what
was
right.
我突然意识到我一直都在关注生活中错误的而不是正确的事情。
It
occurred
to
me
that
I
had
forgotten
her
birthday.
我突然想起来我把她的生日忘了。
It
struck
me
that
there
was
no
one
at
home.
我突然想起家中没有人。
一句多译。
我突然想起以前在什么地方见过他。
(1)It
hit
me
that
I
had
met
him
somewhere.
(hit)?
(2)It
struck
me
that
I
had
met
him
somewhere.
(strike)
?
(3)It
occurred
to
me
that
I
had
met
him
somewhere.
(occur)?
【要点拾遗】
1.
audience
n.
[C]
观众;
听众;
读者
The
audience
is/are
always
excited
by
a
wonderful
goal.
一个精彩的进球总会使观众激动。
She
has
created
a
style
of
music
that
has
delighted
audiences
all
over
the
world.
她创造出了一种能令全世界的听众都感到快乐的音乐风格。
There
was
a
large
audience
of
young
people
at
the
pop
concert.
流行音乐演奏会上有大量青年听众。
(1)audience为集合名词,
作主语时,
若强调个体,
则谓语动词用复数;
若强调整体,
则谓语动词用单数。
(2)audiences通常指很多群观众,
多个场次的观众。
(3)表达听(观)众人数的多或少时,
通常用large,
huge以及small,
thin等形容词修饰,
而不用many或few。
(2020·
天津高考)The
dancer’s
incredible
performance
had
the
audience
on
its
feet
clapping
for
10
minutes
at
the
end
of
the
show.
在表演结束时,
这位舞者的精彩表演赢得了观众10分钟的掌声。
语法填空。
(1)The
audience
are
(be)
leaving
their
seats.
(2)The
audience
was/were(be)
enthusiastic
on
the
opening
night
of
the
play.
(3)The
audience
was(be)
so
large
that
no
seat
was
left
in
the
grand
hall.
2.
by
chance
碰巧;
凑巧
I
met
my
best
friend
by
chance
in
Beijing.
我在北京偶然遇到了我最好的朋友。
Only
in
this
way
can
you
have
a
chance
to
achieve
your
goal.
只有通过这种方式,
你才有机会实现你的目标。
Chances
are
that
he
has
already
known
it.
他可能已经知道这件事了。
(1)by
any
chance 万一;
也许,
可能
(2)have
a
chance
to
do/of
doing
sth.
有机会做某事
by
chance的同义短语及反义词/短语
同义短语:
by
accident
反义词/短语:
purposely;
by
design;
on
purpose
Although
we
have
met
by
chance,
we
do
have
a
lot
in
common.
虽然萍水相逢,
你我却很谈得来。(喻指:
偶然相遇,
但一见如故)
(1)语法填空。
①I
chanced
to
run
(run)
into
her
one
night
and
got
her
e-mail
address.
?
②There
is
a
chance
that
you
will
pass
the
exam.
③I
didn’t
know
anything
about
it.
I
just
heard
of
it
by
chance.
(2)同义句转换。
①I
chanced
to
meet
my
old
friend
while
shopping
there.
→I
met
my
old
friend
by
chance
while
shopping
there.
?
②It
is
impossible
that
they
will
win
the
match.
→There
is
no
chance
that
they
will
win
the
match.
?
3.
consideration n.
[U]
体谅;
体贴;
关心;
考虑
It
was
a
question
which
deserved
serious
consideration.
这是一个值得认真考虑的问题。
Safe
driving
is
good
driving
because
it
takes
into
consideration
the
lives
of
other
people.
安全驾驶是良好驾驶,
因为它顾及了他人的生命。
It
was
considerate
of
Michael
to
inform
us
of
his
delay
in
case
we
got
worried.
Michael通知我们他要迟到一会儿以防我们担心,
想得真周到。
(1)take.
.
.
into
consideration 考虑到……;
体谅……
be
under
consideration
在考虑中;
在审议中
(2)considerate
adj.
考虑周到的
It
be
considerate
of
sb.
to
do
sth.
某人做事很体贴
(1)语法填空。
①I’ve
always
understood
one
should
try
to
be
considerate(consider)
of
other
people.
②He
said
there
should
be
careful
consideration(consider)
of
the
future
role
of
the
BBC.
③A
number
of
proposals
are
under
consideration.
(2)句型转换。
If
you
take
all
things
into
consideration,
you
will
find
that
governments
would
want
to
ban
drugs.
→With
all
things
taken
into
consideration,
you
will
find
that
governments
would
want
to
ban
drugs.
(用with复合结构改写)?
4.
carry
on
继续;
坚持
Why
not
study
at
medical
college
like
Lin
Qiaozhi
and
carry
on
her
good
work?
为什么不像林巧稚那样去医学院学习,
继续她的有益的事业呢?
She
was
yelling
and
screaming
and
carrying
on.
她又喊又叫,
嘴里说个不停。
All
we
need
is
enough
money
to
carry
on
with
our
work.
我们所需要的是足够的钱以继续我们的工作。
When
the
villagers
saw
that
the
floods
had
carried
away
the
bridge,
they
gave
themselves
up
for
lost.
村民们看到洪水把桥冲走的时候,
他们认为是没有逃生的机会了。
【导图理词】
(1)语法填空。
①Carry
on
with
your
work
and
try
to
get
it
finished
while
I’m
away.
②I’m
determined
to
carry
this
through
in
spite
of
difficulties.
③Police
say
they
believe
the
attacks
were
carried
(carry)out
by
nationalists.
?
④The
old
photos
carry
me
back
to
the
days
when
I
was
in
San
Francisco.
⑤Tom
carried
off
three
silver
medals
in
World
University
Games.
(2)When
he
finished
supper,
he
carried
on
his
research.
?
他吃完晚饭,
就继续做他的研究工作了。
主题活动·迁移应用
Ⅰ.
语用功能表达
1.
描述人物特征常用词
①hard-working勤奋的 ②energetic精力充沛的
③active积极的
④determined坚决的
⑤intelligent聪明的
⑥fair公平的
⑦generous慷慨的
⑧kind友善的
⑨helpful有益的
⑩modest谦虚的
confident自信的
brave勇敢的
honest诚实的
considerate体贴的
unselfish无私的
devoted忠诚的
educated有教养的
warm-hearted热心的
2.
介绍人物常用句式
①What
does
she
look
like
?
她长什么样?
②Why
do
you
admire
her?
你为什么佩服她?
③What
did
she
do
to
impress
you
most
?
她做了什么让你印象最深?
④How
would
you
describe
her
?
你怎么形容她?
⑤Why
did
she
choose
to.
.
.
?
她为什么选择……?
⑥What
are
her
strengths
/
weaknesses
?
她的优点/缺点是什么?
⑦Can
you
give
an
example
to
show.
.
.
?
你能举个例子来说明……?
Ⅱ.
话题情景交流
W:
Hi,
there,
what’s
your
name?
M:
Hi,
1.
my
name
is
Bob(我叫鲍勃).
What
is
yours??
W:
My
name
is
Shari
and
2.
nice
to
meet
you(很高兴认识你).
?
M:
Nice
to
meet
you
too.
How
old
are
you?
W:
3.
I’m
twenty
years
old(我二十岁了),
and
you??
M:
Oh,
I’m
eighteen.
My
sister
Mary
is
twenty,
too.
W:
Oh.
What
does
Mary
look
like?
M:
4.
She’s
a
little
shorter
than
me(她比我矮一点).
And
she
is
beautiful,
active
and
warm-hearted.
Besides,
she’s
hard-working
and
ranks
the
first
in
her
class.
In
her
spare
time,
she
likes
to
go
hiking,
5.
for
she
is
brave(因为她很勇敢).
What
are
your
hobbies??
W:
I
like
swimming,
taking
pictures
and
painting.
M:
That’s
really
nice,
is
it
OK
to
tell
me
your
phone
number
6.
so
that
I
can
contact
you(以便我可以联系你)??
W:
Oh
sure.
it’s
123546987.
M:
Thanks,
mine
is
978623451.
W:
7.
I’m
really
glad
to
meet
you(我很高兴见到你).
?
M:
Me
too,
and
I
hope
to
meet
you
soon.
W:
Sure,
bye.
M:
Goodbye.
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
语段填词
1.
A
large
audience(听众)
came
to
the
stadium
to
listen
to
the
speech
delivered(发表)by
Dr
Smith
on
endangered
species.
2.
He
cheered
up
when
we
refer
to(谈到)the
rate
(比率)sales
of
the
book.
?
3.
We
are
impressed
with
him
because
he
is
a
modest(谦虚的)
and
considerate(考虑周到的)
workmate.
4.
He
intends
(打算)to
set
out
for
Beijing.
Out
of
kindness
(好意),
he
decides
to
buy
some
medicine
for
his
neighbor
who
is
suffering
from
sickness
(疾病).
5.
Please
take
the
fact
into
consideration(考虑)that
emergency(紧急情况)
line
operators
must
always
stay
calm.
Can
you
make
it?
Ⅱ.
选词填空
look
down
upon;
catch
one’s
eye;
by
chance;
can’t
wait
to;
second
to;
carry
on;
care
for;
refer
to;
be
intended
for;
come
across
1.
I
was
just
picked
up
by
them
by
chance!?
2.
Though
she
was
tired,
she
still
carried
on
swimming.
?
3.
I
came
across
one
of
my
old
classmates
last
night.
?
4.
He
insisted
that
the
matter
referred
to
at
the
meeting
be
dealt
with
without
delay.
?
5.
He
was
looked
down
upon
because
of
his
poor
family.
?
6.
The
scientists
can’t
wait
to
know
the
result
of
the
experiment.
?
7.
This
course
is
intended
for
students
interested
in
classical
music.
?
8.
They
neglect
the
loved
ones
who
care
for
them,
and
also
their
health.
?
9.
In
the
output
of
grain,
China
is
second
to
none.
?
10.
While
I
was
visiting
him,
a
photograph
on
his
desk
caught
my
eye.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
It
seems
that
I
have
no
time
to
exercise.
?
我好像没有时间锻炼。
2.
It
is
due
to
my
teacher’s
encouragement
that
I
can
carry
on
my
study.
?
正是由于老师的鼓励我才能继续我的学业。
3.
They
managed
to
carry
on
their
journey
in
spite
of
the
bad
weather.
?
尽管天气很糟糕,
他们仍设法继续他们的旅行。
4.
Working
in
these
conditions
is
not
a
pleasure
but
a
suffer.
?
在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。
5.
When
marking
his
composition,
the
teacher
also
took
his
handwriting
into
consideration.
?
当批改他的作文时,
老师把他的书写也考虑在内。
Ⅳ.
课文短文改错
I
came
across
a
article
about
a
doctor
called
Lin
Qiaozhi
by
chance.
One
of
her
books
explained
how
to
cut
the
death
rate
from
having
and
care
for
babies
caught
my
eye.
Then
I
do
some
research
by
raising
some
question
about
her.
Further
reading
made
me
to
realize
it
was
hard
work
and
determined
as
well
as
her
gentle
nature
that
got
her
into
medical
school.
And
that
made
her
succeed
was
her
kindness
and
consideration.
She
often
went
lately
at
night
to
deliver
a
baby
for
a
poor
family.
I
was
excited
and
wanted
to
carry
her
career.
答案:
1.
【解析】第一句中的第一个a改为an。article以元音音素开头,
故用冠词an。
2.
【解析】第二句中的explained改为explaining。此处为非谓语作后置定语,
books与动词explain之间为主动关系。
3.
【解析】第二句中的care改为caring。与having并列,
所以需用care的动词-ing形式。
4.
【解析】第三句中的do改为did。结合上下文,
此处应为过去时态。
5.
【解析】第三句中的question改为questions。question为可数名词,
且由some可知,
此处需用复数形式。
6.
【解析】第四句中的to去掉。在“make
+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,
需用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。
7.
【解析】第四句中的determined改为determination。与名词短语“hard
work”并列,
所以也应为名词形式。
8.
【解析】第五句中的that改为what。句意:
让她成功的是她的善良和体贴。此处为主语从句,
且从句中缺少主语,
而名词性从句中that只引导从句,
不充当成分,
而what既可引导从句又可在从句中充当成分。
9.
【解析】第六句中的lately改为late。
lately近来,
最近;
late晚,
迟到。此处强调:
晚上她经常在很晚的时候去为穷人家接生。
10.
【解析】第七句中的carry后加on。carry
on继续,
为固定短语。
课时素养评价
三 Unit
1 Using
Language
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
We
should
learn
to
be
considerate(consider)
and
care
more
about
others.
2.
The
original
intention(intend)
was
to
devote
three
months
to
the
project.
3.
There
is
a
list
of
references
(refer)
at
the
end
of
each
chapter.
4.
I
can
never
repay
your
many
kindnesses
(kind)
to
me.
5.
Just
20%
more
produce
will
mean
the
difference
between
sickness(sick)
and
health,
between
families
going
hungry
and
families
providing
for
themselves.
6.
There
are
many
emergencies(emergent)
which
need
prompt
first
aid
treatment.
7.
Now,
we
have
a
special
offer
for
10
days,
during
which
you
can
enjoy
a
half
price
discount
and
a
free
delivery(deliver).
8.
Careful
consideration(consider)
should
be
given
to
issues
of
health
and
safety.
9.
He
had
intended
to
come
(come)
to
your
birthday
party,
but
his
mother
got
ill
that
day.
?
10.
It
was
only
after
he
had
read
the
papers
that
Mr
Gross
realized
the
task
before
him
was
extremely
difficult
to
complete.
Ⅱ.
介、副词填空
1.
I
came
across
Mary
by
chance
while
shopping
downtown
yesterday.
2.
Though
the
soldiers
have
been
working
for
fifteen
hours,
they
carried
on
looking
for
survivors
in
the
ruins.
3.
She
insists
that
fortune
favors
only
the
prepared
mind
and
nobody’s
success
happens
by
chance.
4.
The
director’s
fresh-faced
leading
actresses
are
referred
to
as“Mou
Girls”
by
the
media.
5.
Though
looked
down
upon,
the
girl
continued
and
succeeded
at
last.
6.
After
hours
of
suffering
she
was
delivered
of
a
healthy
baby.
7.
All
the
teachers
devoting
their
life
to
education
were
praised
at
the
meeting.
8.
I
may
have
to
ask
for
your
advice
later
on.
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
I
was
on
half
way
when
it
suddenly
hit
me
that
the
shops
would
be
closed.
?
我正走到半路,
这时我突然想到那些商店可能关门了。
2.
Afraid
of
difficulty,
he
prefers
to
do
the
easy
maths
problem.
?
他害怕困难,
宁愿做容易的数学题。
3.
It
seems
that
he
has
known
the
whole
thing.
?
似乎他已经了解了事情的全部。
4.
It
was
what
he
said
that
made
me
angry.
?
是他说的话让我气愤。
5.
Mr
York
could
not
wait
to
visit
the
Bird’s
Nest
after
he
reached
Beijing.
?
约克先生到达北京后迫不及待地想去参观鸟巢。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2020·汕头高一检测)
On
the
70th
anniversary
of
the
founding
of
the
People’s
Republic
of
China,
Chinese
scientist
Tu
Youyou,
winner
of
the
2015
Nobel
Prize
for
the
discovery
of
artemisinin,
has
been
awarded
China’s
Medal
of
the
Republic.
The
medal
is
the
country’s
highest
honor
for
outstanding
figures
that
have
made
great
contributions
to
the
construction
and
the
development
of
the
P.
R.
C.
Tu
Youyou,
born
in
1930,
has
become
the
first
Chinese
woman
to
win
a
Nobel
Prize,
for
her
work
in
helping
to
create
an
anti-malaria
medicine.
The
84-year-old’s
route
to
the
honor
has
been
anything
but
traditional.
In
China,
she
is
being
called
the
“three
nos”
winner:
no
medical
degree,
no
doctorate,
and
she’s
never
worked
overseas.
In
1967,
malaria,
a
then
deadly
disease,
spread
by
mosquitoes
was
decimating
Chinese
soldiers
fighting
Americans
in
the
jungles
of
northern
Vietnam.
A
secret
research
unit
“Mission
523”
was
formed
to
find
a
cure
for
the
illness.
Two
years
later,
Tu
Youyou
was
instructed
to
become
the
new
head
of
“Mission
523”.
“Mission
523”
read
ancient
books
carefully
for
a
long
time
to
find
historical
methods
of
fighting
malaria.
When
she
started
her
search
for
an
anti-malaria
drug,
more
than
240,
000
compounds(化合物)around
the
world
had
already
been
tested,
without
any
success.
Finally,
the
team
found
a
brief
reference
to
one
substance,
sweet
wormwood(青蒿),
which
had
been
used
to
treat
malaria
in
China
around
400
AD.
The
team
took
out
one
active
compound
in
wormwood,
and
then
tested
it.
But
nothing
was
effective
until
Tu
Youyou
returned
to
the
original
ancient
text.
After
another
careful
reading,
she
changed
the
drug
recipe
one
final
time,
heating
the
compound
without
allowing
it
to
reach
boiling
point.
After
the
drug
showed
promising
results
in
mice
and
monkeys,
Tu
Youyou
volunteered
to
be
the
first
human
recipient
of
the
new
drug.
“In
any
case,
Tu
Youyou
is
consistently
praised
for
her
drive
and
passion”.
One
former
colleague,
Lianda
Li,
says
Ms
Tu
is
“unsociable
and
quite
straightforward”,
adding
that
“if
she
disagrees
with
something,
she
will
say
it.
”
Another
colleague,
Fuming
Liao,
who
has
worked
with
Tu
Youyou
for
more
than
40
years,
describes
her
as
a
“tough
and
stubborn
woman”.
Stubborn
enough
to
spend
decades
piecing
together
ancient
texts,
she
applies
them
to
modern
scientific
practices.
The
result
has
saved
millions
of
lives.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了发现青蒿素的科学家屠呦呦以及她的事迹。
1.
What
can
we
learn
according
to
Paragraph
2?
A.
Tu
is
the
first
woman
to
win
a
Nobel
Prize.
B.
Tu
has
a
medical
degree.
C.
Tu’s
road
to
success
is
not
traditional.
D.
Tu
discovered
a
cure
for
malaria.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The
84-year-old’s
route
to
the
honor
has
been
anything
but
traditional.
”可知,
屠呦呦的成功并不传统。
2.
What
can
the
underlined
word
“decimating”
in
Paragraph
2
be
replaced
by?
A.
encouraging
B.
killing
C.
annoying
D.
benefiting
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第二段倒数第二、三句“In
1967,
malaria,
a
then
deadly
disease.
.
.
A
secret
research
unit
“Mission
523”
was
formed
to
find
a
cure
for
the
illness”可知,
这种疾病正在杀死与美国人作战的中国士兵。故“decimating”意为“杀死”。
3.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
true?
A.
Tu
first
invented
the
idea
of
using
sweet
wormwood
as
a
cure.
B.
Tu
was
inspired
by
medical
textbooks
published
in
northern
Vietnam.
C.
The
compound
needs
to
be
heated
to
the
boiling
point
to
be
effective.
D.
Over
240,
000
compounds
were
proved
ineffective
before
Tu’s
search.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“When
she
started
her
search
for
an
anti-malaria
drug,
more
than
240,
000
compounds
around
the
world
had
already
been
tested,
without
any
success.
”可知,
在屠呦呦的研究之前,
超过24万种化合物被证明是无效的。
4.
What
can
Tu
Youyou
be
best
described?
A.
Devoted
and
stubborn.
B.
Straightforward
and
mean.
C.
Considerate
and
tough.
D.
Sociable
and
generous.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句
“Another
colleague,
Fuming
Liao,
.
.
.
describes
her
as
a
“tough
and
stubborn
woman”结合倒数第二段第一句“After
the
drug
showed
promising
results
in
mice
and
monkeys,
Tu
Youyou
volunteered
to
be
the
first
human
recipient
of
the
new
drug.
”可知,
屠呦呦是一个顽强的、有奉献精神的人。
B
(2020·北京高一检测)
Wu
Lien
Teh
was
born
in
1879.
At
the
age
of
17,
he
went
to
England
to
study
medicine
at
the
University
of
Cambridge.
In
1907
Dr.
Wu
accepted
an
invitation
from
the
Qing
government
to
work
for
an
army
medical
college
in
Tianjin.
In
October
1910,
an
unknown
illness
appeared
in
the
city
of
Manzhouli,
on
the
Russian
and
Chinese
border.
The
disease
swiftly
spread
along
the
rail
lines
in
Manchuria
and
reached
the
cities
of
Harbin
and
Changchun,
killing
99.
9%
of
its
victims
in
just
a
few
short
weeks.
As
many
of
the
railways
were
under
the
control
of
Russia
and
Japan,
it
became
an
international
incident.
The
Japanese
government
offered
to
send
experts
to
manage
the
growing
disease,
but
the
Qing
government
worried
that
aid
from
Japan
would
only
serve
to
further
Japanese
ambitions
in
this
area.
Therefore,
the
government
turned
to
Wu,
requesting
he
travel
from
Tianjin
to
Harbin
and
investigate.
When
Dr.
Wu
arrived
in
Harbin
on
Christmas
Eve,
1910,
he
carried
only
a
few
medical
instruments
and
had
only
one
assistant.
One
of
Wu’s
first
acts
was
to
order
an
autopsy(验尸)on
a
recent
victim.
There
had
been
a
long-standing
taboo(禁忌)in
China
against
such
examinations.
Wu
insisted
and
found
evidence
of
Yersinia
Pestis(鼠疫杆菌).
He
then
set
up
isolation
area
and
ordered
lockdown
to
stop
victims
from
traveling
and
spreading
the
disease.
He
also
had
teams
check
households
for
possible
cases,
and
even
managed
to
convince
Russian
and
Japanese
governments
to
completely
close
the
railways
in
the
early
weeks
of
1911.
Dr.
Wu
even
requested
the
local
government
to
burn
the
bodies
of
victims.
Over
3,
000
bodies
were
burned
on
Chinese
New
Year,
January
30,
1911.
Thanks
to
Dr.
Wu’s
efforts,
the
number
of
victims
began
to
decrease,
and
by
March
1,
1911,
the
disease
was
fully
contained.
The
plague(传染病)lasted
nearly
four
months,
affected
five
provinces
and
six
major
cities,
and
caused
over
60,
000
deaths.
It
is
clear
that
without
the
actions
taken
by
Dr.
Wu
it
could
have
been
much
worse.
Had
the
plague
gone
unchecked,
allowing
holiday
rail
passengers
to
spread
to
the
rest
of
China,
it
could
have
meant
a
huge
loss
of
life
and
a
global
health
crisis.
For
a
time,
Dr.
Wu
was
the
most
famous
Chinese
plague
fighter
in
the
world.
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物介绍。介绍了1910年10月,
在中俄边境的满洲里,
出现了一种未知的疾病,
短短几个周内99.
9%的感染者死亡。伍连德医生成为世界上最著名的中国抗疫战士,
使这场瘟疫迅速得到控制。
5.
What
is
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“contained”
in
Paragraph
3?
A.
covered
B.
included
C.
increased
D.
under
control
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词所在句子“Thanks
to
Dr.
Wu’s
efforts,
the
number
of
victims
began
to
decrease,
and
by
March
1,
1911,
the
disease
was
fully
contained.
”可知,
在伍连德医生的努力下,
患者人数开始减少。所以到1911年3月1日,
疾病得到了完全控制。从而猜测出contained的含义为“完全控制”之意。
6.
What’s
kind
of
Dr.
Wu
from
the
story?
A.
Determined
B.
Ambitious
C.
Stubborn
D.
Kind
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,
虽然困难重重,
但他都做到了。从而推断出伍连德医生是一位有决心的人。
7.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
true
according
to
the
passage?
A.
The
disease
appeared
first
in
Harbin.
B.
Nobody
survived
before
Wu
Lien
Teh
came.
C.
The
government
sent
Wu
to
Harbin
because
of
the
Japanese.
D.
A
lot
of
Russians
and
Japanese
died
from
the
disease.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“The
Japanese
government
offered
to
send
experts
to
manage
the
growing
disease,
.
.
.
requesting
he
travel
from
Tianjin
to
Harbin
and
investigate.
”可知,
因为害怕日本人的野心,
清政府派伍连德到哈尔滨调查。
8.
Which
of
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
The
Spread
of
a
Plague
in
1910
B.
The
Damage
of
a
Plague
in
1910
C.
An
Introduction
of
Dr.
Wu’s
life
D.
The
Chinese
Doctor
who
Beat
the
Plague
【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句及全文内容可知,
本文主要介绍了1910年10月,
在中俄边境的满洲里,
出现了一种未知的疾病,
短短几个周内99.
9%的感染者死亡。伍连德医生成为世界上最著名的中国抗疫战士,
使这场瘟疫迅速得到控制。所以D项作为文章标题最为合适。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
In
1957,
Jane
Goodall
first
met
the
famous
anthropologist
(人类学者)
Dr
Louis
Leakey,
who
later
played
an
important
role
in
her
life.
With
the
1
of
gaining
insight
into
humans’
evolutionary
(进化的)
past,
Dr.
Leakey
2
a
pioneering
long-term
field
study
on
3
chimps.
Even
though
Jane
had
no
formal
4 ,
her
patience
and
determination
to
understand
animals
5
him
to
choose
her
for
the
study.
6
it
was
unusual
for
a
woman
to
work
in
the
forest
of
Africa,
going
there
7
the
fulfillment
(实现)of
her
childhood
dream.
In
the
summer
of
1960
she
8
in
Tanzania(坦桑尼亚)
on
Lake
Tanganyika’s
eastern
shore.
This
marked
the
9
of
the
longest
continuous
field
study
of
animals
in
their
10
habitat(栖息地).
Five
years
11 ,
she
earned
a
doctor’s
degree
at
Cambridge
University
and
then
12
to
Tanzania
to
found
the
Gombe
Stream
Research
Center.
And
in
1977,
to
provide
on-going
13
for
chimp
research,
Dr
Goodall
14
The
Jane
Goodall
Institute.
?
Today,
she
15
most
of
her
time
traveling
around
the
world,
giving
lectures
on
her
16
at
Gombe
and
speaking
to
school
groups
about
Roots
&
Shoots,
her
environmental
education
and
humanitarian
program
for
the
17 .
?
“Chimps
have
given
me
so
18 .
The
long
hours
spent
with
them
in
the
19
have
enriched
my
life
beyond
measure.
What
I
have
learned
from
them
has
shaped
my
20
of
human
behavior,
of
our
place
in
nature.
”?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名的动物专家Jane
Goodall深入非洲大森林研究黑猩猩的情况。
1.
A.
knowledge B.
idea C.
way D.
method
【解析】选B。带着了解人类进化史的想法。idea想法;
knowledge知识;
way方式;
method方法。
2.
A.
argued
B.
achieved
C.
suggested
D.
changed
【解析】选C。Leakey博士建议Jane对非洲野外的大猩猩进行研究。suggest建议;
argue辩论;
achieve取得,
获得;
change改变。
3.
A.
rude
B.
special
C.
modest
D.
wild
【解析】选D。根据下文_______
it
was
unusual
for
a
woman
to
work
in
the
forest
of
Africa可知他建议Jane对非洲野外的大猩猩进行研究。wild野生的;
rude粗鲁的;
special特殊的;
modest
谦虚的。?
4.
A.
living
B.
training
C.
exercise
D.
practice
【解析】选B。指Jane没有接受过正式的训练。training训练;
exercise
运动;
practice练习;
living生活。
5.
A.
made
B.
let
C.
devoted
D.
led
【解析】选D。她的耐心和了解动物的决心使他选择她去研究大猩猩。lead
sb.
to
do
sth.
使某人做某事。
6.
A.
Although
B.
Because
C.
If
D.
Once
【解析】选A。尽管女性在非洲森林中工作是非同一般,
但去非洲就意味着实现了她小时候的梦想。although尽管;
because因为;
if
如果;
once一旦。
7.
A.
intended
B.
stopped
C.
meant
D.
inspired
【解析】选C。去非洲就意味着实现了梦想。mean意味着;
intend打算;
stop停止;
inspire鼓舞。
8.
A.
reached
B.
left
C.
arrived
D.
went
【解析】选C。根据下文This
marked
the
_______of
the
longest
continuous
field
study
of
animals
in
their
_______habitat.
可知在1960年的夏天她到达了坦桑尼亚的坦噶尼喀湖的东岸。arrive到达,
为不及物动词;
reach够到,
到达,
为及物动词;
leave离开;
go去。?
9.
A.
happening
B.
beginning
C.
end
D.
achievement
【解析】选B。这就标志着在黑猩猩自然栖息地研究的开始。beginning
开始;
happening意外的事情;
end结束;
achievement成就。
10.
A.
man-made
B.
old
C.
new
D.
natural
【解析】选D。根据上文it
was
unusual
for
a
woman
to
work
in
the
forest
of
Africa可知她是在黑猩猩自然栖息地进行研究。natural自然的;
man-made人造的;
old旧的,
老的;
new新的。
11.
A.
ago
B.
before
C.
later
D.
behind
【解析】选C。五年后她在剑桥大学获得博士学位。later稍后,
later放在一个时间段的名词后面,
指发生在一段时间以后;
ago以前;
before在……以前;
behind在……之后。
12.
A.
returned
B.
referred
C.
connected
D.
turned
【解析】选A。她回到了坦桑尼亚建立贡贝河研究中心。return返回,
归还;
refer提到;
connect连接;
turn变成。
13.
A.
time
B.
evidence
C.
environment
D.
support
【解析】选D。此处指对黑猩猩的继续研究提供支持。support支持;
time时间;
evidence证据;
environment环境。
14.
A.
founded
B.
built
C.
created
D.
set
【解析】选A。Dr
Goodall建立了The
Jane
Goodall
Institute。found建立,
成立;
build建造;
create创造;
set树立,
点燃。
15.
A.
pays
B.
spends
C.
costs
D.
devotes
【解析】选B。根据本句的traveling可知此处使用了spend
time
(in)
doing
的结构。
16.
A.
experiences
B.
presence
C.
bravery
D.
appearance
【解析】选A。她向年轻人作关于自己的经历的演讲。experience经历;
presence存在,
出席;
bravery勇敢;
appearance外貌,
出现。
17.
A.
human
B.
youths
C.
animals
D.
adults
【解析】选B。她向年轻人作关于自己的经历的演讲。youth青年;
animal
动物;
adult成年人;
human人类。
18.
A.
much
B.
many
C.
little
D.
few
【解析】选A。指黑猩猩给了我很多。much指代不可数名词。
19.
A.
institute
B.
university
C.
field
D.
forest
【解析】选D。根据上文it
was
unusual
for
a
woman
to
work
in
the
forest
of
Africa,
可知她和黑猩猩在森林中度过很长时间。forest森林;
institute研究所,
学会;
university大学;
field
领域。
20.
A.
understanding
B.
desire
C.
imagination
D.
protection
【解析】选A。她从黑猩猩身上学到的知识形成了她对人类行为的理解。understanding理解;
desire欲望;
imagination想象;
protection保护。
Ⅲ.
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:
在错的词下划一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2020·郑州高一检测)
When
Mom
was
61,
she
showed
signs
on
the
lung
cancer.
We
knew
something
was
wrong
and
that
Mom
needs
a
journey.
She
suggested
a
movie
and
a
dinner.
But
I
had
another
plan.
Though
Mom
had
been
to
the
ocean
only
twice,
but
she
loved
the
seashore.
Her
kitchen
was
decorating
with
souvenirs(纪念品)
from
those
two
trips.
I
told
Mom
that
we
would
leave
for
Jersey
Shore.
Mom
was
very
excited
that
she
screamed.
Once
we
got
Jersey
Shore,
she
began
to
enjoy
the
trip,
greeting
strangers
and
spending
hours
collected
shells.
The
morning
we
left,
I
found
her
taking
photos
of
every
inch
of
her
bedroom.
Short
after
we
returned,
Mom
passed
away.
For
a
long
time,
Mom’s
shells
stayed
in
a
box.
I
found
it
again
while
searching
for
something
else.
I
put
them
in
a
familiar
place
as
a
reminder(提醒物)
from
a
mother
which
never
lost
her
sense
of
wonder.
答案:
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆母亲生前去海边旅游时经历的事情,
作者把母亲捡回来的贝壳放在自己熟悉的地方以纪念妈妈。
1.
【解析】第一句中on改为of。考查介词。此处表示癌症的迹象,
应使用介词of表示所属关系。
2.
【解析】第二句中needs改为needed。考查时态。根据本句中的was可知,
need应该使用过去式的形式。
3.
【解析】第五句中Though或
but去掉。考查让步状语从句和并列句。though引导让步状语从句,
but连接两个分句构成并列句。因此though和but不能同时出现在这个句子中,
即应该去掉其中的一个,
因为though后面的单词Mom的第一个字母是大写的,
因此去掉Though或者but均可以。
4.
【解析】第六句中decorating
改为decorated。考查固定短语。be
decorated
with是固定短语,
意为“装饰着”。
5.
【解析】第八句中very
改为so。考查固定结构。so.
.
.
that.
.
.
是固定结构,
意为“如此……以至于……”。
6.
【解析】第九句中got后加to。考查固定结构。表示“到达某地”应该为“get
to+地点”,
它是固定短语。
7.
【解析】第九句中collected改为collecting。考查固定短语。spend
time
(in)
doing
sth.
是固定短语,
意为“花费时间做某事”。
8.
【解析】第十一句中Short
改为Shortly。考查副词。shortly
after是固定词组,
意为“在某事之后不久”,
short应该使用副词形式。
9.
【解析】第十三句中it改为them。考查人称代词。此处代词用于指代上文的复数名词shells,
应该使用them。
10.
【解析】第十四句中which
改为who/that。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,
mother是定语从句的先行词,
它在从句中作主语。因此使用关系代词who或that。
话题写作·表达升级
如何描写人物
人物描写属于记叙文的范畴,
它以写人、记事为主,
以叙述和描写为主要表达方式。一般分为三大部分,
即生平介绍、事迹叙述和简短的评论。时态的选择要视情况而定,
若写人物的过去就用过去时态,
若写人物的现在就用现在时态。
请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位,
用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。
Jane
Goodall
Yuan
Longping
zoologist(动物学家),
anthropologist(人类学家);
devoted,
selfless
simple
but
great
man;
determined,
modest
wildlife
protection
super
hybrid
rice
要求根据所给信息做适当发挥,
且需包括以下三部分内容:
(1)对该人物的简单介绍;
(2)喜欢该人物的理由;
(3)从该人物身上得到的启示。
1.
完成句子
(1)袁隆平出生于1930年,
是一个简朴而伟大的人。
Yuan
Longping
was
born
in
1930
and
he
is
a
simple
but
great
man.
?
(2)尽管他是一位著名的科学家,
他把自己当作普通农民。
Although
he
is
a
famous
scientist,
he
regards
himself
as
an
ordinary
farmer.
?
(3)最后,
他成功地种植了所谓的超级杂交水稻,
使农民有可能获得比以往多两倍的收成。
Finally,
he
succeeded
in
growing
what
is
called
super
hybrid
rice,
and
made
it
possible
for
farmers
to
produce
harvests
twice
as
large
as
before.
?
(4)他现在正在一些欠发达国家传播他的知识以帮助他们。
He
is
now
circulating
his
knowledge
in
some
less
developed
countries
to
help
them.
?
2.
词句升级
(5)用过去分词短语作状语改写句(1)
Born
in
1930,
Yuan
Longping
is
a
simple
but
great
man.
?
(6)用as引导的让步状语从句改写句(2)
Famous
scientist
as
he
is,
he
regards
himself
as
an
ordinary
farmer.
?
Among
the
two
great
persons,
I
like
Yuan
Longping
better.
Born
in
1930,
Yuan
Longping
is
a
simple
but
great
man.
Famous
scientist
as
he
is,
he
regards
himself
as
an
ordinary
farmer.
What
a
modest
man!
Since
he
graduated
from
college,
he
has
been
determined
to
find
a
way
to
increase
rice
harvest.
Finally,
he
succeeded
in
growing
what
is
called
super
hybrid
rice,
making
it
possible
for
farmers
to
produce
harvests
twice
as
large
as
before.
Not
only
do
his
great
achievements
deserve
my
admiration,
but
his
attitude
towards
life
impresses
me
a
lot.
He
cares
little
about
being
famous
or
spending
money
on
himself.
Furthermore,
he
is
so
selfless
that
he
is
now
circulating
his
knowledge
in
some
less
developed
countries
to
help
them.
As
Dr.
Yuan
proves,
the
secret
to
success
is
having
a
dream
and
the
determination
to
realize
it.
I
certainly
have
a
dream,
and
from
now
on
I
will
spare
no
effort
to
achieve
it.
1.
话题词汇
(1)ordinary adj.
普通的
(2)handsome
adj.
英俊的
(3)well-dressed
adj.
穿着考究的
(4)optimistic
adj.
乐观的
(5)outspoken
adj.
直言的,
坦诚的
(6)responsible
adj.
负责的
(7)set
an
example
to
为……树立榜样
(8)in
one’s
thirties
在某人三十几岁时
2.
话题句式
(1)介绍人物的姓名、出身及外貌特征:
①Abraham
Lincoln,
the
son
of
a
poor
family,
was
born
in
Kentucky
on
February
12,
1809.
亚伯拉罕·林肯,
一个贫穷家庭的儿子,
1809年2月12日出生于肯塔基州。
②She
is
tall
and
slim
with
big
eyes
and
curly
hair.
她又高又瘦,
有一双大眼睛和一头卷发。
(2)介绍人物的成就或取得的成绩:
①During
her
career
life,
she
obtained
132
championships,
including
4
Olympic
championships.
在她的职业生涯中,
她获得了132个冠军,
包括4个奥运会冠军。
②His
stories,
most
of
which
are
short
ones,
give
people
surprising
endings.
他的故事大多短小精悍,
结局出人意料。
(3)介绍人物的影响及人们对此人的评价:
Not
only
do
his
great
achievements
deserve
my
admiration,
but
his
attitude
towards
life
impresses
me
a
lot.
不仅他的伟大成就值得我钦佩,
而且他的生活态度也给我留下了深刻的印象。
PAGEUnit
1 Women
of
achievement
Warming
Up
&
Reading
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
根据语境选用正确的单词填空
achievement,
campaign,
behave,
shade,
worthwhile,
observe,
respect,
argue,
inspire,
support
1.
Today
police
began
a
campaign
to
reduce
road
accidents.
2.
I
want
you
to
behave
yourselves
while
I’m
away.
3.
The
trees
provide
shade
for
the
animals
in
summer.
4.
When
my
father
died,
Jim
was
a
real
support.
5.
It
was
a
remarkable
achievement
for
such
a
young
player.
6.
Her
work
didn’t
exactly
inspire
me
with
confidence.
7.
I
want
him
to
respect
me
as
a
career
woman.
8.
It
isn’t
worthwhile
spending
so
much
time
on
minor
problems.
9.
He’s
a
really
successful
man─you
can’t
argue
with
that.
10.
The
far
side
of
the
moon
is
difficult
for
us
to
observe.
Ⅱ.
根据汉语提示写出正确的短语
1.
The
only
thing
the
young
men
had
in
common(有共同之处)
was
how
poor
each
of
them
was.
?
2.
She
concerned
herself
with(关心……)
looking
after
the
old
people
in
her
area.
?
3.
Now
I
can
walk
to
work
instead
of(而不是)
going
by
car.
?
4.
When
the
gates
of
the
ground
were
opened,
all
the
football
supporters
crowded
in(挤进;
涌入).
?
5.
Before
Father
moved
off(离开),
he
would
tell
me
that
I
should
observe
the
school
rules
and
regulations.
?
6.
I
went
to
sleep,
and
at
two
o’clock
in
the
morning
I
woke
up(醒来).
?
7.
We
must
defend
the
freedom
that
our
parents
fought
for(为……奋斗).
?
8.
I
was
sitting
in
the
shade(在阴凉处)
outside.
It’s
much
cooler
there.
?
9.
It
doesn’t
take
much
brain
to
work
out(解决)
that
both
stories
can’t
be
true.
?
10.
She
led
a
normal,
happy
life(过着正常的、幸福的生活)
with
her
sister
and
brother.
?
Ⅲ.
翻译下列课文原句并观察黑体部分
1.
She
spent
years
observing
and
recording
their
daily
activities.
她花了数年时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。
2.
Since
her
childhood
she
had
wanted
to
work
with
animals
in
their
own
environment.
从孩提时代起,
她就想在动物生活的环境中研究它们。
3.
We
realize
that
the
bond
between
members
of
a
chimp
family
is
as
strong
as
in
a
human
family.
我们意识到黑猩猩家庭成员之间的联系和人类家庭一样紧密。
4.
However,
the
evening
makes
it
all
worthwhile.
然而,
这个夜晚让一切都变得值得。
根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。
1.
-ment常用于动词后构成抽象名词。
achieve→achievement 成就;
功绩
develop→
development
发展
treat
→
treatment
对待;
治疗
amaze→amazement
惊讶
2.
“v.
+off”构成的动词短语。
move
off
离开;
起程;
出发
put
off
推迟
set
off
出发
turn
off
关闭
阅读精析·合作学习
Task
1 框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
Task
2 文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)According
to
the
first
paragraph,
the
correct
order
of
the
things
that
the
chimp
family
do
the
whole
day
is
_______.
?
a.
The
mother
chimp
and
her
babies
play
in
the
tree.
b.
They
wake
up
and
move
off.
c.
They
go
to
sleep
in
their
nest
for
the
night.
d.
They
wander
into
the
forest.
e.
Most
of
the
time,
chimps
either
feed
or
clean
each
other.
A.
b-a-e-c-d B.
b-d-e-a-c
C.
a-d-b-c-e
D.
a-b-d-e-c
(2)Which
of
the
following
isn’t
Jane’s
discovery
about
chimps?
A.
Chimps
usually
live
peacefully
with
other
animals.
B.
Chimps
eat
meat
as
well
as
fruit
and
nuts.
C.
Chimps
have
a
social
system
in
some
sense.
D.
Chimps
have
their
body
language
to
communicate
with
each
other.
(3)From
what
Jane
says,
it
can
be
inferred
that
_______.
?
A.
Jane
thinks
it
right
for
humans
to
protect
chimps
in
cages
B.
Jane
feels
it
right
to
let
chimps
live
in
their
own
environment
C.
Jane
likes
to
watch
chimps
in
cages
D.
Jane
thinks
it
dangerous
to
use
chimps
for
entertainment
(4)The
author
writes
this
passage
in
a(n)
_______attitude.
?
A.
subjective
B.
admiring
C.
ironic
D.
humorous
答案:
(1)～(4)BABB
(5)Why
does
the
author
write
this
passage?
Because
the
author
wants
to
tell
us
the
great
achievements
Jane
won
in
her
chimp
observations.
?
2.
运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
译文:
这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。
译文:
比方说,
她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩捕猎并吃肉。
译文:
她已经完成了她想做的一切:
在动物生活的环境中研究它们、获得博士学位、证明女人能像男人一样在森林里生活。
根据文章内容完成空格。
Character
Jane
Goodall
What
shedid
Worked
with
chimps
in
their
own(1)environment.
Lived
in
the
forest
in
order
to
(2)observe
the
chimps
and
record
their
daily
activities.
Found
what
chimps
eat
and
their
social
(3)system.
Discovered
how
chimps
(4)communicate
with
each
other.
Tried
to
make
people
aware
that
it
is
wrong
to
use
chimps
for
(5)entertainment
or
advertisements.
What
she
achieved
Helped
people
understand
how
much
chimps(6)behave
like
humans.
Helped
to
set
up
special
places
where
chimps
can
live
(7)safely
in
the
wild.
Gained
a
doctor’s
(8)degree.
Showed
that
women
can
live
in
the
(9)forest
to
study
wild
animals
as
men
can.
(10)Inspired
those
who
want
to
cheer
the
achievements
of
women.
Task
3 阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
结合课文主题,
回答下列问题。
(1)What
should
we
learn
from
Jane
Goodall?
Wisdom
and
courage;
deep
love
for
the
animals;
consideration;
hard
work.
?
(2)What
should
we
do
to
protect
wild
animals?
We
should
call
on
all
the
citizens
to
love
wild
animals,
protect
their
living
conditions,
forbid
hunters
to
kill
them
freely,
build
more
nature
reserves
for
them
and
we
shouldn’t
disturb
them.
The
national
wildlife
protection
parks
shouldn’t
be
open
to
tourists.
We
should
make
people
aware
of
the
importance
of
wildlife
protection.
?
2.
根据提示,
运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)这个女孩不仅举止得体而且学习努力,
值得表扬。(worthy,
behave)
(2)在学校,
她尊重老师,
遵守校规。(respect,
observe)
(3)当她的同学情绪低落时,
她总是激励他们。(inspire)
(4)在她看来,
只有努力学习,
她才能被一所重点大学录取。(部分倒装)
The
girl
is
worthy
to
be
praised
because
she
not
only
behaves
well
but
also
works
hard.
When
at
school,
she
respects
teachers
and
observes
the
school
rules.
When
her
classmates
are
in
low
spirits,
she
is
always
inspiring
them.
In
class,
whenever
she
meets
with
a
difficult
problem,
she
always
discusses
it
with
her
classmates.
In
her
view,
only
by
working
hard
can
she
be
admitted
into
a
key
university.
?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
behave
vt.
&vi.
举动;
(举止或行为)
表现
Jane
has
studied
these
families
of
chimps
for
many
years
and
helped
people
understand
how
much
they
behave
like
humans.
简研究这些黑猩猩家族已经很多年了,
她帮助人们了解了黑猩猩跟人类的行为是多么相似。
It
doesn’t
mean
you
can
behave
badly
in
class
and
not
be
punished.
这并不意味着你可以在课堂上胡作非为而不受惩罚。
Staying
away
from
her
parents,
she
is
not
strong
enough
to
behave
herself.
远离父母,
她不够坚强,
不能表现得体。
Your
own
personal
behaviour
as
a
teacher,
outside
of
school
hours,
reflects
on
the
school
itself.
作为教师,
你在学校以外的个人行为会影响人们对学校本身的印象。
(1)behave
well/badly
to/towards
sb.
对待某人好/不好
behave
oneself
守规矩;
表现得体
(2)behaviour
n.
[U]举止;
行为;
习性
【巧学助记】
The
child
behaved
so
well
in
class
that
the
teacher
praised
his
good
behaviour
in
front
of
others.
这个孩子在课堂上表现得如此好以至于老师在别人面前表扬了他的好行为。
The
world
wants
geniuses,
but
it
wants
them
to
behave
just
like
other
people.
世界需要天才,
不过需要他们像其他人一样为人行事。
(1)语法填空。
①The
child
with
father
at
work
behaved
himself(he)
all
day.
②They
behaved
well
(good)
to
the
guests,
which
made
us
surprised.
③According
to
a
recent
survey,
some
TV
programs
should
take
responsibility
for
teenagers’
negative
behaviours
(behave).
(2)同义句改写。
He
behaved
well
and
was
praised
by
his
teachers.
(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→Behaving
well,
he
was
praised
by
his
teachers.
?
2.
worthwhile adj.
值得的;
值得做的
Although
this
project
fails,
it’s
still
worthwhile.
这个项目虽然失败了,
但还是值得的。
Work
at
something
you
enjoy
and
that’s
worthy
of
your
time
and
talent.
做你喜欢的事,
而且那是值得你花时间和才能去做的。
The
trip
was
expensive
but
it
was
worth
every
penny.
这次旅行花费很大,
但是花的每一分钱都不冤枉。
“值得”用法小贴士
(1)worth用作形容词时,
一般只作表语,
表示“值得……的”,
要用副词well来修饰。
(2)worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
(1)语法填空。
①It
might
be
worth
thinking(think)
about.
②His
behaviour
is
worthy
of
being
praised(praise).
?
③It
is
worthwhile
to
learn/learning
(learn)English.
?
(2)一句多译。
这本小说值得读。
①The
novel
is
worth
reading.
?
②The
novel
is
worthy
to
be
read.
?
③The
novel
is
worthy
of
being
read.
?
④It
is
worthwhile
to
read
the
novel.
?
(3)(2019·江苏高考)
Melissa,
his
daughter,
felt
it
more
than
worthwhile
to
save
his
music.
?
他的女儿
Melissa认为抢救他的音乐非常值得。
3.
observe vt.
观察;
观测;
遵守(规则、法律等)
He
observed
the
woman
leaving
by
the
back
door.
他观察到那位女士正从后门离开。
She
observed
that
all
the
chairs
were
already
occupied.
她发现所有的椅子都有人坐了。
He
was
observed
to
follow
her
closely.
有人看到他紧跟着她。
(2)observation
n.
观察;
监视
【导图理词】observe的意义
微观
observe
(1)observe
sb.
do
sth.
强调看到动作的全过程。
observe
sb.
doing
sth.
强调只看到正在进行的动作。
(2)observe
sb.
do
sth.
变为被动语态时,
需将do前省略的不定式符号to补上,
即sb.
be
observed
to
do
sth.
。
(1)语法填空。
①He
is
often
observed
to
cheat
(cheat)
at
cards,
which
makes
us
angry.
?
②Observe
(observe)
carefully
if
any
change
occurs
when
doing
experiments
in
the
lab.
③This
patient
should
be
hospitalized
for
observation
(observe).
(2)同义句转换。
①
The
police
observed
the
man
enter
the
bank.
(变为被动语态)
→The
man
was
observed
to
enter
the
bank
by
the
police.
?
②
When
I
passed
his
house,
I
observed
that
he
was
playing
in
his
yard.
(改为observe
sb.
doing
sth.
结构)
→When
I
passed
his
house,
I
observed
him
playing
in
his
yard.
?
(3)(2019·天津高考)
We
can
observe
that
artificial
intelligence
has
already
made
an
impact
on
our
lives
in
many
ways.
?
我们能看到人工智能已经在很多方面影响了我们的生活。
【补偿训练】写出下列句子中observe的含义。
①Though
having
lived
abroad
for
years,
many
Chinese
still
observe
traditional
customs.
(保持;
遵守)
②As
often
happens,
people
with
good
eyesight
fail
to
see
what
is
right
in
front
of
them,
for
they
have
too
much
to
observe.
(观察)
③Could
you
tell
me
how
you
usually
observe
the
Spring
Festival
in
your
country?
(庆祝)
④The
teacher
observed
the
student
who
was
late
entering/enter
the
classroom.
(监视到;
注意到)
4.
argue
vt.
&vi.
讨论;
辩论;
争论
She
has
argued
that
wild
animals
should
be
left
in
the
wild
and
not
used
for
entertainment
or
advertisements.
她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活,
而不能用于娱乐或广告。
They
always
argue
against
us
on
how
to
conduct
the
air
pollution.
他们总是与我们辩论如何处理大气污染的问题。
Don’t
argue
with
me.
My
decision
is
final.
不要和我争辩了,
我的决定是最终决定。
He
looked
tired,
as
if
the
argument
had
taken
a
lot
out
of
him.
他看上去累坏了,
似乎这场争论已使他筋疲力尽。
(1)argue
that.
.
.
主张……;
认为……
argue
for/against
sth.
据理赞成/反对……
argue
with
sb.
(about/over/on
sth.
)
(就某事)与某人争论
(2)argument
n.
争论;
争辩;
论点
【易混辨析】
quarrel
“争吵,
吵架”,
重在表达因生气或强烈的不满而同别人争吵
argue
“争论,
辩论”,
重在表达就自己的看法或立场提出论证说理,
力图说服他人
【知识延伸】
(1)argue
sb.
into/out
of
doing
sth.
说服某人做/不做某事
(2)persuade
sb.
to
do/into
doing
sth.
说服某人做某事
persuade
sb.
not
to
do/out
of
doing
sth.
说服某人不做某事
If
you
drink
with
a
bosom
friend,
a
thousand
cups
are
too
few.
If
you
argue
with
a
man,
half
a
sentence
is
too
much.
酒逢知己千杯少,
话不投机半句多。(喻指志趣相投的人在一起畅所欲言,
反之半句话都不愿意说。)
(1)语法填空。
①We
all
found
his
argument
(argue)
convincing
and
interesting.
②Mary
often
argues
with
her
friends
about
small
things
angrily,
which
sometimes
makes
them
very
unhappy.
(2)(2019·江苏高考)A
chimpanzee
can’t
win
an
argument
with
a
modern
man.
?
一只黑猩猩不可能赢得与一个现代人的争论的。
(3)He
was
arguing
with
the
King
about
the
need
to
keep
the
army
at
full
strength.
他正和国王讨论保留全部军队的必要性。?
5.
inspire
vt.
鼓舞;
激发;
启示
She
inspires
those
who
want
to
cheer
the
achievements
of
women.
她激励着那些想为女性的成就而欢呼喝彩的人们。
By
visiting
schools,
the
actors
hope
to
inspire
children
to
put
on
their
own
productions.
演员希望通过访问学校鼓励孩子们演出自己的作品。
The
song
we
heard
last
night
was
very
inspiring.
昨天晚上我们听的歌曲非常鼓舞人心。
I
was
also
inspired
by
my
teacher,
thus
studying
even
harder.
我也是受到了我的老师的鼓励,
于是更加努力学习了。
He
had
an
inspiration:
he’d
give
her
a
dog
for
her
birthday.
他突然灵机一动,
要送她一条狗作为生日礼物。
(1)inspire
sb.
to
do
sth.
激励某人做某事
(2)inspired
adj.
深受鼓舞的
inspiring
adj.
令人鼓舞的;
鼓舞人心的
(3)inspiration
n.
灵感;
鼓舞
现在分词与过去分词作形容词的区别
(1)现在分词作形容词时通常表示主动关系,
多形容客观事物体现在外的性质,
其修饰对象往往是物,
意为“令人……的”。例如:
The
news
is
exciting.
这个消息令人激动。
He
cried
at
the
exciting
news.
这个激动人心的消息使他哭了。
(2)过去分词作形容词时往往表示被动关系,
多形容人或生物的情绪或感受,
意为“感到……”。例如:
He
felt
excited
at
the
news.
这个消息使他感到很激动。
The
film
star
waved
good-bye
to
the
excited
fans.
这位电影明星向激动的影迷们挥手告别。
(2019·浙江高考)
What’s
more,
it
was
your
constant
encouragement
that
inspired
me
to
be
confident.
更重要的是,
正是你不断的鼓励激发了我的自信。
(1)语法填空。
①She
was
a
great
inspiration.
She
was
the
person
who
impressed
on
us
the
importance
of
research.
②She
is
one
of
the
most
inspiring(inspire)
people
I’ve
ever
met.
③I
was
inspired
to
work
(work)
harder
than
ever
before.
?
(2)句型转换。
Korea
was
inspired
by
neighboring
China
and
initiated
economic
reforms
in
2002.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→Inspired
by
neighboring
China,
Korea
initiated
economic
reforms
in
2002.
?
6.
support
n.
&vt.
支持;
拥护;
供养;
资助;
支撑
Jane
was
permitted
to
begin
her
work
after
her
mother
came
to
support
her.
简在妈妈来帮助她之后才得到允许开始工作。
She
decided
to
support
herself
on
her
musical
talents.
她决定依靠她的音乐才能养活她自己。
He
had
to
support
his
family
with
his
meagre
income.
他只能靠微薄的收入来养家。
They
are
raising
a
fund
in
support
of
this
good
cause.
他们正在为赞助这一有益的事业而集资。
(1)support
oneself 自主谋生
support
one’s
family
养家糊口
(2)in
support
of
为了支持……;
为了拥护……
(1)语法填空。
①We
must
produce
evidence
in
support
of
our
theory.
②Although(he
was)hard-working,
he
couldn’t
earn
enough
to
support
himself
(he).
(2)一句多译。
我会永远支持你。
①I
will
support
you
forever.
(support作动词)?
②I
will
stand
by
you
forever.
(用stand短语改写)?
③I
will
be
in
favor
of
you
forever.
(用favor短语改写)?
④I
will
be
in
support
of
you
forever.
(用support作名词的短语改写)?
7.
Only
after
her
mother
came
to
help
her
for
the
first
few
months
was
she
allowed
to
begin
her
project.
?
她母亲前几个月过来帮她的忙,
这才使她被允许开始自己的计划。
【句式解构】
(1)这是一个主从复合句。
(2)only+after引导的时间状语从句置于句首,
主句用了部分倒装句式,
be动词was提到了主语she的前面。
Only
then
did
I
realize
that
I
had
left
my
school
bag
in
the
classroom.
就在那时我才意识到我把书包忘在教室里了。
Only
with
your
help
can
I
make
so
much
progress
in
English.
只有在你的帮助下,
我的英语才能取得如此大的进步。
Only
when
you
have
read
the
whole
passage
can
you
guess
the
meaning
of
this
word.
只有读完整篇文章,
你才能猜出这个单词的意思。
“Only+状语”句式的部分倒装
Only+状语(时间状语、地点状语、方式状语等)置于句首时,
主句需用部分倒装(助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词)。
(1)Only
when
you
pass
the
examination
can
you
have
the
chance
to
go
abroad.
只有通过了考试,
你才有机会出国。?
(2)句式改写。
We
can
make
a
better
Internet
environment
for
teenagers
in
this
way.
(改写为以only开头的倒装句)
Only
in
this
way
can
we
make
a
better
Internet
environment
for
teenagers.
?
【要点拾遗】
1.
achievement n.
[C]成就;
功绩
They
were
proud
of
their
children’s
achievements.
他们对孩子们的成绩感到自豪。
I
felt
a
great
sense
of
achievement
when
I
reached
the
top
of
the
mountain.
当我到达山顶的时候,
我有一种巨大的成就感。
There
are
many
who
will
work
hard
together
to
achieve
these
goals.
有志之士将会共同为实现这些目标而努力。
(1)a
sense
of
achievement 一种成就感
(2)achieve
vt.
完成,
达到
vi.
成功
achieve
one’s
success
获得成功
achieve
one’s
goal
达到目标
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)List
all
of
your
accomplishments
and
achievements.
列出你所有的成就。
【巧学助记】
I’ve
achieved
only
half
of
what
I’d
hoped
to
do,
so
I
can
not
celebrate
the
achievements
I’ve
made
although
everyone
says
I
should
feel
a
sense
of
achievement.
我原本希望做的只做到了一半,
因此我不能庆祝自己所取得的成绩,
尽管每个人都说我应该有成就感。
(1)语法填空。
①Sometimes,
that
standard
is
quite
difficult,
if
not
impossible,
to
achieve
(achieve).
?
②No
matter
how
hard
she
tries,
she
can’t
equal
her
sister’s
achievements
(achieve).
(2)Seeing
the
lines
of
trees,
we
all
had
a
sense
of
achievement(成就感).
?
(3)You
have
all
the
reasons
in
the
world
to
achieve
your
dreams(追求你的梦想).
?
2.
connection n.
[C,
U]
连接;
关系;
联系
Her
research
showed
the
connections
between
chimps
and
human
beings.
她的研究揭示了黑猩猩和人类的关系。
I
am
writing
to
you
in
connection
with
your
recent
job
application.
我写此信与你最近求职一事有关。
First
connect
the
printer
to
the
computer.
首先把打印机与计算机连接。
There
was
nothing
to
connect
him
with
the
crime.
他与这起犯罪毫无关联。
(1)There
is
a
connection
between
A
and
B
A和B之间有联系
in
connection
with
与……有关
(2)connect
vt.
使连接;
与……有关联
connect.
.
.
to.
.
.
使……与……连接
connect.
.
.
with.
.
.
把……和……联系/连接起来
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Talk
directly
to
your
audience,
be
yourself
and
make
a
connection.
直接和你的听众交谈,
做你自己,
并建立联系。
(1)语法填空。
①The
two
towns
are
connected
by
a
railway.
②You
can
connect
the
machine
to/with
your
hi-fi.
③He
asked
me
many
questions
in
connection
with
life
abroad.
④What
is
the
connection
(connect)
between
the
two
ideas?
(2)一句多译。
警察拘留了与银行抢劫案有牵连的那几个人。
→The
police
arrested
the
men
in
connection
with
a
bank
robbery.
?
→The
police
arrested
the
men
connected
with
a
bank
robbery.
?
3.
shade n.
[U]荫;
阴凉处
vt.
遮住光线
Everybody
sits
and
waits
in
the
shade
of
the
trees
while
the
family
begins
to
wake
up
and
move
off.
大家坐在树阴下等着,
这时黑猩猩一家醒了,
准备离开。
He
put
on
a
blindfold
to
shade
his
eyes
against
the
light.
他戴上眼罩来遮挡光线。
in
the
shade
(of.
.
.
)
在(……的)阴凉处
shade.
.
.
from/against.
.
.
为……挡住……
Don’t
cut
down
the
trees
that
give
you
the
shade.
不要砍伐给你遮阴的树。(喻指不要恩将仇报,
以怨报德。)
(1)The
heat
was
unbearable—almost
125℉
even
in
the
shade
of
a
cactus.
高温难以忍受——甚至在仙人掌的阴凉处都差不多是125华氏度。?
(2)She
raised
her
hand
to
shade
her
eyes
from/against
the
sun.
?
她抬起手为她的眼睛挡住阳光。
4.
move
off 离开;
起程;
出发
The
doors
shut,
and
the
train
moved
off.
门关上后,
火车就开走了。
Her
house
was
in
perfect
order
when
she
moved
in.
她搬进来时,
屋子里井井有条。
He
moved
around
the
room,
putting
his
possessions
together.
他在屋里走来走去,
忙着把自己的东西放在一起。
move
about/around 四处走动
move
in
迁入新居
move
on
变换(工作、话题等);
前进
move
away
搬走
表示“起程;
出发”的短语还有leave
for;
set
out/off;
start
out/off。
(2020·浙江高考)Lamb
and
mother
reunited,
I
turned
back
to
the
tractor
only
to
see
it
move
suddenly
away
from
me.
羊羔和妈妈重聚了,
我转身向拖拉机走去,
结果却发现它突然远离了我。
用适当的副词填空。
(1)The
taxi
had
moved
away
before
I
could
signal
to
the
driver.
(2)As
we
moved
off
in
the
car,
Mom
stood
waving
goodbye.
(3)She
could
hear
someone
moving
around/about
in
Gail’s
room.
5.
respect
vt.
&
n.
尊敬;
尊重;
敬意
For
forty
years
Jane
Goodall
has
been
outspoken
about
making
the
rest
of
the
world
understand
and
respect
the
life
of
these
animals.
40年来,
简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。
I
have
the
greatest
respect
for
your
brother.
我非常尊敬你的哥哥。
China
is
developing
very
rapidly
in
all
respects
and
we’re
all
proud
of
our
motherland.
中国在各个方面发展非常迅速,
我们深深地为祖国感到自豪。
She
has
always
been
honest
with
me,
and
I
respect
her
for
that.
她一直对我很诚实,
我非常敬重她这一点。
(1)have/show
respect
for.
.
.
尊重……
out
of
respect
for.
.
.
出于对……的尊敬
in
all/some/many
respects
在各个/某些/许多方面
(2)respect
sb.
for.
.
.
因……而尊重某人
respect表示“尊重;
敬重”时,
为不可数名词;
表示“细节;
方面”时,
为可数名词;
表示“敬意;
问候”时,
多用复数形式。
【熟词生义】
(1)Carl
had
asked
him
to
visit
the
hospital
and
pay
his
respects
to
Francis.
卡尔让他去医院看望弗朗西斯。
(敬意)
(2)Please
help
me
give
the
gift
and
my
respects
to
my
teacher.
请帮我把礼物和问候带给老师。
(问候)
【知识延伸】
(2)respected
adj.
受人尊敬的
respectable
adj.
可敬的;
相当好的
(1)语法填空。
①Give
my
respects
(respect)
to
your
parents.
②
We
all
have
great
respect
for
the
old
teacher.
③The
youngsters
are
to
be
taught
to
have
respect
for
social
moral
standards.
④(2018·浙江高考)
Let
them
know
that
you
are
there
to
help
in
any
way
that
is
acceptable,
while
still
respecting(respect)
the
privacy
of
your
neighbor.
(2)同义句转换。
He
was
respected
by
everyone
and
decided
to
make
great
contributions
to
the
country.
(用with复合结构改写)
→With
everyone
respecting
him,
he
decided
to
make
great
contributions
to
the
country.
?
6.
crowd
in
(on
sb.
) (想法、问题等)涌上心头;
涌入脑海
Once
I
stop,
it
all
comes
crowding
in
and
I
remember
the
chimps
in
laboratories.
一旦我停下来,
所有的一切都会涌上心头,
我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
We
all
crowded
around
the
stove
to
keep
warm.
我们都挤在炉边取暖。
In
the
spring
the
place
is
crowded
with
skiers.
春季这地方满是滑雪的人。
Crowds
of
people
poured
into
the
street.
人们成群结队涌上街头。
crowd
around/round.
.
.
聚集在……周围
be
crowded
with
挤满了
a
crowd
of
一群……
(1)语法填空。
①Fortunately,
they
got
on
the
crowded(crowd)
train.
②With
the
unsolved
matters
crowding
in
on
him,
he
couldn’t
go
to
sleep.
③Half
an
hour
before
the
performance
began,
the
hall
was
already
crowded
with
audience.
(2)After
the
game,
crowds
of
football
fans
piled
out.
?
球赛结束后,
成群的足球迷蜂拥而出。
【拓视野·观天下】
1.
Tibet
kicks
off
a
campaign
to
remove
trash
from
world’s
highest
mountain.
西藏启动世界最高峰垃圾清理行动。
2.
Mr
Goodman
says
the
findings
also
raise
bigger
questions
about
whether
climate
change
and
global
warming
will
have
implications
for
school
achievements.
古德曼先生说,
调查结果还提出了更大的问题,
关于气候变化和全球变暖是否会对学校成绩产生影响。
3.
Now
5G
promises
much
faster
data
download
and
upload
speeds,
and
more
stable
connections.
现在,
5G有望带来更快的数据下载和上传速度,
以及更稳定的网络连接。
4.
Add
oil,
a
popular
Chinese
phrase
commonly
used
to
express
encouragement,
incitement,
or
support,
has
reportedly
been
included
in
the
latest
version
of
the
Oxford
English
Dictionary.
“加油”,
一个在中国被人们广泛使用来为其他人鼓劲助威或表示支持的短语,
据说已被收录进最新版本的牛津英语词典。
5.
This
image
shows
a
region
in
Saturn’s
outer
B
ring.
NASA’s
Cassini
spacecraft
viewed
this
area
at
a
level
of
detail
twice
as
high
as
it
had
ever
been
observed
before.
这张图片显示了土星外B环的一个区域。美国国家航空与航天局的卡西尼号宇宙飞船观察到这个区域的细节水平是以前观察到的两倍。
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
语段填词
1.
I
think
it
is
worthwhile(值得)carrying/to
carry
out
the
campaign(运动).
2.
What
I
want
to
tell
you
is
the
deep
love
and
respect(尊敬)
I
have
for
my
parents
because
they
support(供养)
a
big
family
by
working
hard.
3.
For
the
man
who
has
made
great
achievements(成就),
there
is
no
need
to
argue(争论)
about
his
behaviours(行为).
4.
The
crowd(观众)should
observe(遵守)
the
rules
when
seeing
a
film
at
the
cinema.
5.
The
outspoken(坦诚的)man
said
that
the
reason
why
he
didn’t
finish
the
task
was
that
he
enjoyed
cool
in
the
shade(阴凉处).
6.
During
my
childhood(童年),
my
mother
used
to
inspire(鼓舞)me
to
do
what
I
liked.
Ⅱ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
couple
set
up
a
buffet
and
a
booth
in
downtown
areas,
and
now
they
are
leading
a
busy
life.
2.
Happy
memories
crowded
in
upon
me
as
I
looked
at
the
photographs.
3.
The
lorries
were
lined
up,
ready
to
move
off.
4.
We
took
a
rest
in
the
shade
of
a
large
tree.
5.
He
is
very
stubborn;
it
is
impossible
to
argue
him
into
doing
what
he
doesn’t
want
to
do.
6.
This
railway
is
built
to
connect
Beijing
to
Shanghai.
7.
If
you
behave
yourself(you),
I’ll
let
you
stay
up
to
watch
the
movie.
8.
I
am
just
doing
what
I
can
in
support
of
them.
9.
All
the
audience
cheered
in
support
of
the
president’s
suggestions.
10.
I
wouldn’t
think
it
worthwhile
to
ask/asking(ask)
him
to
join
the
club
because
he’ll
only
refuse.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
Only
when
his
father
arrived
in
a
hurry
was
the
boy
helped
out.
?
当他父亲匆忙赶到时,
这个男孩才被救了出来。
2.
I’m
sure
you’ll
be
very
happy
here
once
you
get
to
know
everyone
else.
?
我敢肯定一旦你认识了其他所有人,
你在这里就会很愉快。
3.
Seeing
from
the
top
of
the
hill,
we
can
see
the
park
clearly.
?
从山顶上看,
我们可以清楚地看到公园。
4.
Bob
is
determined
to
get
a
seat
for
the
concert
even
though
it
means
standing
in
line
all
night
for
the
ticket.
?
鲍勃决心要买到音乐会的票,
即使那意味着整夜站着排队。
5.
I
was
impressed
by
the
way
in
which/that/不填
she
did
it.
?
她做成这件事的方式给我留下了深刻的印象。
课文语法填空
Jane
Goodall
had
wanted
to
work
with
animals
in
their
own
environment
1.
since
she
was
a
child.
But
this
was
not
easy.
When
she
first
arrived
in
Gombe
in
1960,
it
was
2.
unusual(usual)
for
a
woman
to
live
in
the
forest.
However,
3.
with
the
help
of
her
mother,
she
began
her
work
with
the
chimps,
4.
which
changed
the
way
that/in
which
people
think
about
chimps.
Spending
years
observing
and
recording
their
daily
5.
activities(active),
Jane
discovered
that
chimps
hunt
and
eat
meat,
against
6.
what
people
used
to
think.
She
also
discovered
how
chimps
communicate
with
each
other.
7.
Working(work)
with
the
chimps
for
years,
Jane
has
argued
that
wild
animals
should
8.
be
left(leave)
in
the
wild
and
not
used
for
9.
entertainment
(entertain)
or
advertisements.
She
has
achieved
everything
she
wanted
to
do,
but
more
10.
importantly(important),
she
has
got
the
world
to
understand
and
respect
the
lives
of
chimps.
?
课时素养评价
一 Unit
1 Warming
Up
&
Reading
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
We
remembered
the
inspiring(inspire)
talks
he
gave
us
last
time.
2.
Finishing
homework
alone
should
give
you
a
sense
of
achievement(achieve).
3.
In
order
to
understand
the
behaviour(behave)
of
the
animal,
the
researcher
spent
many
years
recording
its
daily
activities.
4.
I
remembered
the
argument(argue)I
had
with
my
sister
when
we
were
kids.
5.
These
sports
are
not
only
intended
for
entertainment(entertain).
They
are
of
great
value
to
character
training.
6.
More
connection
(connect)
to
the
Internet
will
help
education
develop.
7.
On
New
Year’s
Day
the
little
shop
is
often
crowded(crowd)
with
children.
8.
I
am
aware
that
the
organization(organize)of
the
book
leaves
something
to
be
desired.
9.
Marie
spent
days
observing(observe)
the
young
crops
in
the
field.
10.
I
have
children
to
support
(support),
money
to
be
earned,
and
a
home
to
be
maintained.
?
Ⅱ.
选词填空
lead
a.
.
.
life;
move
off;
devote.
.
.
to;
fight
for;
crowd
in;
communicate
with;
behave
oneself;
put.
.
.
to
death
1.
Behave
yourself!
Otherwise
I’ll
have
you
put
out
of
my
room.
?
2.
They
fought
for
their
motherland
shoulder
to
shoulder.
?
3.
Don’t
crowd
in
on
me.
I
will
see
your
books
one
at
a
time.
?
4.
She
gladly
gave
up
her
part-time
job
to
devote
herself
entirely
to
her
art.
5.
He
worked
hard
every
day
and
tried
to
lead
a
good
life.
?
6.
Seeing
that
we
had
noticed
him,
he
moved
off
quickly.
?
7.
Finally
the
three
generals
were
put
to
death
after
the
defeat.
?
8.
You
should
communicate
with
your
parents
more
in
order
to
get
along
well.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
While
(I
was)walking
down
the
street,
I
came
across
an
old
friend
of
mine.
?
当我沿大街行走时,
我碰巧遇到了我的一位老朋友。
2.
Only
after
they
had
performed
hundreds
of
experiments
did
they
succeed
in
solving
the
problem.
?
只是在做了几百次实验之后,
他们才成功地解决了这一问题。
3.
Once
she
makes
up
her
mind,
nothing
can
change
it.
?
她一旦下了决心,
什么也不能使她改变决心。
4.
His
failure
to
take
the
final
exam
means
making
up
for
it.
?
他没有参加期末考试意味着要补考。
5.
I
don’t
like
the
way
(that/in
which)
you
speak
to
your
mother.
我不喜欢你同你母亲说话的方式。?
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2020·临沂高一检测)
Elizabeth
Garrett
Anderson
was
born
on
9
June,
1836,
in
Whitechapel,
East
London.
She
was
expected
to
marry
well
and
live
the
life
of
a
lady.
However,
meetings
with
the
feminist(女权主义者)
Emily
Davies
and
Elizabeth
Blackwell,
the
first
American
woman
physician,
convinced
Elizabeth
Garrett
that
she
should
become
a
doctor.
This
was
unheard
of
at
that
time
and
her
attempts
to
study
at
a
number
of
medical
schools
were
refused.
She
enrolled(入学)
as
a
nursing
student
at
Middlesex
Hospital
and
attended
classes
for
male
doctors,
but
was
driven
out
after
complaints
from
other
students.
As
the
Society
of
Apothecaries
did
not
specifically
forbid
women
from
taking
its
examinations,
in
1865
she
passed
the
exams
and
gained
a
certificate
which
enabled
her
to
become
a
doctor.
The
Society
then
changed
its
rules
to
prevent
other
women
entering
the
profession
in
this
way.
In
1866,
she
set
up
a
clinic
for
women
in
London,
thanks
to
her
father’s
backing;
in
1870
she
was
made
a
visiting
physician
to
the
East
London
Hospital.
There
she
met
James
Anderson,
a
successful
businessman,
who
she
married
in
1871.
In
1872,
Anderson
founded
the
New
Hospital
for
Women
in
London,
staffed
entirely
by
women.
She
appointed
her
spiritual
guide,
Elizabeth
Blackwell,
as
a
professor
there.
Anderson’s
efforts
paved
the
way
for
other
women,
and
in
1876
an
act
was
passed
permitting
women
to
enter
the
medical
professions.
In
1883,
Anderson
was
appointed
to
manage
the
London
School
of
Medicine
for
Women,
which
she
had
helped
to
found
in
1874.
It
was
the
first
medical
school
in
Britain
to
train
women
as
doctors.
Anderson,
Britain’s
first
female
doctor,
retired
in
1902.
Six
years
later,
she
became
the
mayor(市长)
of
Aldeburgh,
the
first
female
mayor
in
England.
Anderson
died
on
17
December,
1917.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,
介绍了英国第一位女医生——伊丽莎白·加勒特·安德森的生平和她的成就。安德森是英国第一位女医生,
也是英国第一位女市长。
1.
Why
did
the
Society
change
its
rules?
A.
To
provide
certificates
for
women.
B.
To
forbid
women
to
take
its
exams.
C.
To
offer
programs
to
train
women
doctors.
D.
To
encourage
women
to
attend
medical
schools.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The
Society
then
changed
its
rules
to
prevent
other
women
entering
the
profession
in
this
way.
”可知,
该协会随后改变了规则,
以防止其他女性以这种方式进入这一行业。由此可知,
该协会修改规定是为了禁止女性参加它的考试。
2.
What
was
Anderson’s
father’s
attitude
to
her
career?
A.
Supportive.
B.
Doubtful.
C.
Sympathetic.
D.
Critical.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“In
1866,
she
set
up
a
clinic
for
women
in
London,
thanks
to
her
father’s
backing.
.
.
”可知,
在1866年,
由于父亲的支持,
她在伦敦开办了一家女性诊所。所以安德森的父亲支持她的事业。
3.
What
did
Anderson
do
after
founding
the
New
Hospital
for
Women?
A.
She
married
a
successful
businessman.
B.
She
started
a
clinic
for
women
in
London.
C.
She
learned
at
a
hospital
as
a
visiting
physician.
D.
She
helped
create
a
school
to
train
female
doctors.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“In
1872,
Anderson
founded
the
New
Hospital
for
Women
in
London.
.
.
”以及倒数第二段中的“.
.
.
the
London
School
of
Medicine
for
Women,
which
she
had
helped
to
found
in
1874.
It
was
the
first
medical
school
in
Britain
to
train
women
as
doctors.
”可知,
安德森在创立新的女性医院之后,
又协助创办了一所培训女医生的学校。
4.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
used
to
describe
Anderson?
A.
Strict.
B.
Sensitive.
C.
Determined.
D.
Modest.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。由她的经历可以推断,
安德森是一个意志坚定的人。
【方法技巧】
推理判断题属于主观题,
是层次较高的题目。它包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存,
推理是为了做出正确的判断,
正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上,
做出判断和推论,
从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思,
也就是通过文章中的文字信息、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息来推测。
B
(2020·泰安高一检测)
There’s
no
doubt
that
one
of
the
greatest
human
achievements
is
the
exploration
of
space.
Ever
since
astronaut
Yuri
Gagarin
became
the
first
person
to
be
sent
into
the
orbit
around
the
moon
in
1961,
scientists
have
been
pushing
the
boundaries
further
and
further.
But
until
now
the
exploration
into
the
unknown
has
been
dominated
(主导)
by
men.
Of
course,
in
the
past,
women
were
also
included
in
the
space
projects
and
played
an
active
role
on
the
ground
and
behind
the
scenes.
For
example,
they
worked
as
seamstresses
(女裁缝师),
sewing
vital
spaceflight
components.
In
fact,
many
of
NASA’s
key
works
would
never
have
been
possible
without
them.
Recently
Hollywood
produced
a
movie
called
Hidden
Figures
to
focus
on
a
group
of
American
female
mathematicians,
especially
the
black
women,
who
helped
NASA
send
the
first
American
into
space.
But
this
was
not
women’s
only
contribution.
Back
in
1963,
Soviet
astronaut
Valentina
Tereshkova
became
the
first
woman
to
be
sent
into
space.
However,
after
that,
space
flight
programs
were
slow
to
employ
women.
In
the
USA,
NASA
didn’t
accept
applications
from
women
to
become
astronauts
until
1978.
But
attitudes
have
changed
and
leading
officials
at
NASA
say
that
the
first
person
to
set
foot
on
Mars
should
be
a
woman.
The
space
agency
aims
to
have
a
sex-balanced
workforce
but
can
only
achieve
that
if
equal
numbers
of
men
and
women
are
trained
for
science
and
technology
jobs.
As
Allison
McIntryre
told
the
BBC,
“My
director
is
a
woman.
We
have
female
astronauts.
We
haven’t
put
a
woman
on
the
moon
yet.
And
I
think
that
perhaps
the
first
person
to
step
on
Mars
should
be
a
woman.
”
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。虽然太空探索迄今为止主要由男性主导,
但是女性也一直在默默地发挥着重要作用。NASA也准备让女性在太空探索中走向前台,
某位女性甚至可能成为登陆火星的第一人。
5.
What
did
Yuri
Gagarin
do
in
1961?
A.
He
landed
on
Mars.
B.
He
discovered
many
new
boundaries.
C.
He
led
scientists
to
explore
the
moon.
D.
He
made
the
first
journey
into
space.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Ever
since
astronaut
Yuri
Gagarin
became
the
first
person
to
be
sent
into
the
orbit
around
the
moon
in
1961,
scientists
have
been
pushing
the
boundaries
further
and
further.
”可知,
1961年,
尤里·加加林成为第一个完成太空旅行的人。
6.
Why
does
the
author
mention
the
film
Hidden
Figures?
A.
To
show
women
are
the
true
heroes
of
NASA’s
first
launch.
B.
To
stress
that
black
people
have
won
equal
rights
in
NASA.
C.
To
prove
women
can
do
as
well
as
men
in
NASA’
projects.
D.
To
present
women’s
contributions
to
NASA’s
space
programs.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中“In
fact,
many
of
NASA’s
key
works
would
never
have
been
possible
without
them.
.
.
who
helped
NASA
send
the
first
American
into
space.
”可知,
作者提到《隐藏人物》这部电影是为了举例说明在太空探索这一领域,
女性曾做出过重大贡献。
7.
What
is
Allison
McIntryre’s
attitude
towards
women
astronauts?
A.
Uncaring.
B.
Disapproving.
C.
Supportive.
D.
Disappointed.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“My
director
is
a
woman.
We
have
female
astronauts.
We
haven’t
put
a
woman
on
the
moon
yet.
And
I
think
that
perhaps
the
first
person
to
step
on
Mars
should
be
a
woman.
”可知,
他不但认可自己的女性上司,
也支持女性成为第一个登上火星的人。
8.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A.
Will
the
First
Person
to
Step
on
Mars
Be
a
Woman?
B.
Great
Achievements
Have
Been
Made
in
Space
Exploration
C.
Why
Did
Men
Play
an
Important
Role
in
Exploring
the
Unknown?
D.
Men
and
Women
Have
Made
Equal
Contributions
to
NASA’s
Projects
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据全文,
尤其是最后一段前两句可知,
尽管NASA官员已经表态希望女性成为登陆火星的第一人,
但是由于女性在接受相关科技培训等方面存在的问题,
NASA宣布的目标能否实现还是一个未知数。所以选项A“第一个登上火星的人会是女性吗?”适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
(2020·牡丹江高一检测)
Jeremy
Locke,
25,
has
his
own
roofing
company
in
Bridgeport,
Nova
Scotia.
For
a
couple
of
years
before
he
began
his
1 ,
he
would
drive
past
the
home
of
Jeanette
MacDonald,
noticing
the
2
state
of
her
roof.
He
was
3
—not
just
for
the
elderly
woman
but
also
for
the
children
living
with
her.
So
Locke
4
to
lend
a
helping
hand.
?
The
young
man
knocked
on
MacDonald’s
door
and 5
to
fix
her
roof
for
nothing,
“I
didn’t
know
who
the
woman
was,
but
I
wanted
to
6
this
for
her
and
her
grandchildren,
”
he
explained
to
The
Chronicle
Herald.
However,
despite
his
kind
7
,
the
woman
politely
turned
him
down.
?
MacDonald
and
her 8
left
an
impression
on
Locke.
He
saw
9
between
the
woman
and
his
own
grandmother,
and
couldn’t
bear
to
see
her
in
this
10 .
He
had
also
grown
up
without
much
and
felt
that
he
should
use
his
skills
to
11 .
?
A
year
after
Locke
set
up
his
own
roofing
company,
seeing
that
the
roof
was 12
in
a
state
of
disrepair,
Locke
returned
to
MacDonald’s
home
and
asked
MacDonald
if
she
wanted
to
enter
a
raffle
(抽奖)
his
company
was
doing
for
a
13
roof.
The
70-year-old
woman
14
the
chance,
but
little
did
she
know
that
there
was
no
15 .
?
MacDonald’s
relief 16
Locke’s
kindness
is
immeasurable,
“I
could
win
$1
million
but
it
wouldn’t
make
me
as
17
as
knowing
I’m
getting
a
new
roof
on.
Jeremy
is
18
something.
He’s
a
guardian
angel
(守护天使)
sent
from
God.
”?
The 19
should
cost
about
$
9,
000
in
terms
of
materials
and
manpower.
However,
the
only
thing
Locke
wants
in
return
is
a
home-cooked
meal
for
his
staff
from
the
woman
who
20
him
of
his
grandmother.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Jeremy
Locke想为老太太Jeanette
MacDonald免费修屋顶,
但MacDonald拒绝了,
为了帮助MacDonald,
Locke谎称有一个关于免费屋顶的抽奖,
MacDonald得到了这个免费的机会,
最终Locke帮MacDonald修好了屋顶。
1.
A.
journey B.
business
C.
research
D.
life
【解析】选B。
journey旅程;
business生意,
事业;
research研究;
life生活。由上一句的“his
own
roofing
company”可知,
是在他开始做生意几年前。
2.
A.
average
B.
unexpected
C.
special
D.
terrible
【解析】选D。
average平均的;
unexpected预料之外的;
special特殊的;
terrible可怕的。由后文的lend
a
helping
hand,
fix
her
roof
for
nothing和the
roof
was
_______in
a
state
of
disrepair可知,
她家的屋顶状况很可怕。
?
3.
A.
frightened
B.
embarrassed
C.
concerned
D.
disappointed
【解析】选C。frightened害怕的;
embarrassed尴尬的;
concerned担忧的;
disappointed失望的。由后文中的lend
a
helping
hand可知,
Jeremy
Locke提供帮助是因为担忧他们。
4.
A.
decided
B.
appeared
C.
agreed
D.
happened
【解析】选A。decide决定;
appear出现;
agree同意;
happen发生。由后文的fix
her
roof
for
nothing可知,
Locke要帮老太太修屋顶,
说明他决定帮助老太太。
5.
A.
declined
B.
offered
C.
managed
D.
pretended
【解析】选B。decline拒绝;
offer提供;
manage设法做到;
pretend假装。由前文中的lend
a
helping
hand可知,
Locke是提出免费帮老太太修屋顶。
6.
A.
catch
up
with
B.
take
care
of
C.
get
rid
of
D.
put
up
with
【解析】选B。catch
up
with赶上;
take
care
of照顾,
处理;
get
rid
of摆脱;
put
up
with忍受。由上文可知,
Locke要帮老太太免费修屋顶,
所以他要处理这个屋顶。
7.
A.
application
B.
reaction
C.
theory
D.
intention
【解析】选D。application申请;
reaction反应;
theory理论;
intention意图。上文提到,
他想免费帮老太太修屋顶,
说明他有好的意图。
8.
A.
hesitation
B.
shame
C.
regret
D.
difficulty
【解析】选D。hesitation犹豫;
shame耻辱;
regret遗憾;
difficulty困难。正是老太太MacDonald的困难(她家屋顶状况很可怕)给Locke留下了深刻印象,
Locke才会想帮忙。
9.
A.
symbols
B.
conditions
C.
similarities
D.
beliefs
【解析】选C。symbols标志;
conditions情况;
similarities相似点;
beliefs信仰。由本句中提到的his
own
grandmother和couldn’t
bear
to
see
her可知,
应该是看到老太太和自己的祖母相似。
10.
A.
situation
B.
occupation
C.
incident
D.
direction
【解析】选A。situation情况;
occupation职业;
incident事情;
direction方向。由上文可知,
老太太的情况不好(屋顶状况糟糕),
所以此处是居住在这种(不好的)情况下。
11.
A.
respond
B.
give
C.
help
D.
develop
【解析】选C。Locke会修屋顶,
一直想要用他的技能帮助老太太。
12.
A.
still
B.
even
C.
already
D.
just
【解析】选A。老太太拒绝了Locke为她修屋顶的提议,
所以她的屋顶还是处于失修的状态。
13.
A.
temporary
B.
delicate
C.
random
D.
free
【解析】选D。temporary暂时的;
delicate精致的;
random随意的;
free免费的。由前文和本句中的“抽奖”可知,
MacDonald拒绝了Locke为她免费修屋顶的提议,
为了帮助MacDonald,
Locke就谎称有一个免费(修)屋顶的抽奖,
此处应是“免费的”。
14.
A.
went
over
B.
jumped
at
C.
laughed
off
D.
looked
into
【解析】选B。go
over仔细检查;
jump
at欣然接受;
laugh
off一笑置之;
look
into调查。由前文可知,
MacDonald家的屋顶坏了,
现在有一个免费(修)屋顶抽奖,
她肯定会欣然接受这个机会。
15.
A.
competition
B.
cheating
C.
dilemma
D.
chance
【解析】选A。
competition比赛;
cheating欺骗;
dilemma困境;
chance机会。根据语境可知,
为了帮助MacDonald,
Locke就谎称有一个免费(修)屋顶的抽奖,
所以根本没有抽奖比赛。
16.
A.
comparing
B.
withdrawing
C.
following
D.
contradicting
【解析】选C。由语境可知,
MacDonald的轻松是在Locke善意地提供免费(修)屋顶抽奖之后才会有的。compare比较;
withdraw撤退;
follow在……之后;
contradict相反,
反驳。
17.
A.
strong
B.
lucky
C.
happy
D.
rich
【解析】选C。由本句中knowing
I’m
getting
a
new
roof
on可知,
(家里屋顶要修的)MacDonald得到了一个新屋顶,
她一定是高兴的。
18.
A.
partly
B.
possibly
C.
generally
D.
really
【解析】选D。由下一句他是上帝派来的守护天使可知,
Jeremy真的很了不起。
19.
A.
room
B.
job
C.
meal
D.
decoration
【解析】选B。room房间,
空间;
job工作;
meal一顿饭;
decoration装饰。由上文可知,
MacDonald得到了免费屋顶,
修屋顶是一项工作。
20.
A.
reminds
B.
warns
C.
convinces
D.
informs
【解析】选A。remind使……想起;
warn警告;
convince确信;
inform通知。由上文可知,
MacDonald和Locke的祖母相似,
所以是MacDonald使Locke想起了祖母。
Ⅲ.
阅读填句
(2020·苏州高一检测)
Without
Her
Name
It
is
a
truth
universally
acknowledged
that
Pride
and
Prejudice
by
English
novelist
Jane
Austen
is
one
of
the
most
popular
tales
ever
written.
But
behind
the
global
admiration
she
enjoys
today
lies
a
sad
fact.
1
?
In
Pride
and
Prejudice,
she
was
simply
the
author
of
Sense
and
Sensibility,
which
had
carried
the
title“By
a
Lady”.
The
anonymity(匿名)
worked
so
well
that
even
friends
of
the
Austen
family
had
no
idea
that
dear,
sweet
Jane
was
a
novelist.
A
friend
of
Jane’s
brother
Henry
actually
told
him
that
Pride
and
Prejudice
was
“much
too
clever
to
be
the
work
of
a
woman”.
2 Tom
Paine,
a
Founding
Father
of
the
United
States,
kept
his
identity
hidden
for
a
short
time
after
the
publication
of
his
famous
Common
Sense.
?
For
a
woman,
however,
there
was
the
added
burden
of
societal
expectations.
Any
sort
of
publishing
or
public
display
of
talent
was
considered
improper
behaviour
for
a
woman.
It
wasn’t
only
fear
about“bad
manners”
that
discouraged
women
from
writing
under
their
own
names.
3
Charlotte
Bronte,
author
of
Jane
Eyre,
once
sent
her
poetry
to
Robert
Southey,
a
famous
poet.
Southey
simply
responded:
“Literature
cannot
be
the
business
of
a
woman’s
life.
”
Bronte
used
her
pen
name,
Currer
Bell,
to
publish
Jane
Eyre
in
1847.
Her
sister
Emily
published
Wuthering
Heights
as
Ellies
Bell
in
the
same
year.
4 Mary
Shelley’s
Frankenstein
had
come
out
without
her
name
in
1818.
Mary
Anne
Evans
wrote
Middlemarch
and
her
other
novels
under
the
pen
name
George
Eliot.
?
The
20th
century
saw
great
progress
towards
gender
equality.
In
theory,
it
should
be
unnecessary
for
women
writers
to
follow
Austen’s
path
any
longer,
unless
driven
by
personal
reasons.
5
Joanne
Rowling,
author
of
the
Harry
Potter
novels,
was
advised
to
become
J.
K.
Rowling.
That’s
because
boys
might
dislike
the
feeling
of
picking
up
a
book
by
a
woman.
Connie
Ann
Kirk
explained
in
her
biography
of
Rowling.
?
A.
Women’s
writing
was
seldom
taken
seriously.
B.
In
practice,
however,
certain
prejudices
just
won’t
go
away.
C.
In
her
own
time,
Austen’s
name
never
appeared
on
her
books.
D.
They
joined
a
long
list
of
women
authors
who
felt
they
had
to
hide.
E.
Politicians,
for
reasons
of
safety,
also
frequently
chose
to
be
invisible.
F.
Jane
Austen
has
attracted
a
great
deal
of
critical
attention
in
recent
years.
G.
In
a
2016
interview,
Italian
novelist
Elena
Ferrante
claimed
her
use
of
a
pen
name
let
her
concentrate
on
writing.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章以Austen为例,
说明了Austen今天享有的全球赞赏的背后存在着一个可悲的事实——在她那个时代,
女性作家因为不受重视和社会偏见而在文学创作中不得不使用笔名,
这种社会现象即使在20世纪也仍存在。
1.
【解析】选C。根据上句“But
behind
the
global
admiration
she
enjoys
today
lies
a
sad
fact.
”可知本句承接上文,
说明这个关于Austen的可悲的事实是什么。故C选项“在她那个时代,
Austen的名字从未出现在她的书上”符合上下文语境。
2.
【解析】选E。根据后句“Tom
Paine,
a
Founding
Father
of
the
United
States,
kept
his
identity
hidden
for
a
short
time
after
the
publication
of
his
famous
Common
Sense.
”可知,
本段是在说明政客们隐藏身份的事情。故E选项“出于安全考虑,
政客们也经常选择隐藏身份”符合上下文语境。
3.
【解析】选A。根据下文可知,
当时女性作家并不受人重视。选项A“女性的写作很少受到重视”符合上下文语境。
4.
【解析】选D。根据后句可知,
此处是在说明Emily
Bronte和许多其他女性作家一样选择隐藏自己的身份,
用笔名来署名自己的小说。故D选项“她们加入了一长串觉得自己必须隐藏的女性作家的行列”符合上下文语境。
5.
【解析】选B。根据上下文可知,
即使在20世纪,
性别平等取得了巨大进步,
但是某些偏见在现实中还是存在的。故B选项“然而,
实际上,
某些偏见是无法消除的”符合上下文语境。
PAGE单元素养评价(一)Unit
1
(120分钟 150分)
第一部分 听力
(共两节,
满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分7.
5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,
你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text
1
W:
It’s
nearly
7.
If
you
want
to
catch
the
8
o’clock
train,
you’d
better
go
now.
M:
Don’t
worry.
I’ll
drive
to
the
station.
W:
In
that
case,
let
me
go
with
you
and
you
drop
me
off
at
the
city
centre.
①I’ll
go
to
the
square
market.
1.
What
will
the
woman
probably
do?
A.
Catch
a
train.
B.
See
the
man
off.
C.
Go
shopping.
答案:
C
Text
2
M:
I’m
thinking
about
moving
out
of
my
place.
W:
How
come?
Is
it
far
from
your
workplace?
M:
No.
With
three
kids
growing
up
and
reaching
school
age,
②my
house
is
too
small.
2.
Why
does
the
man
want
to
move?
A.
To
be
near
his
office.
B.
To
live
in
a
bigger
house.
C.
To
go
to
a
good
school.
答案:
B
Text
3
M:
It’s
very
cold
in
here.
I’m
going
to
turn
the
heater
on
to
warm
this
place
up
a
little.
W:
Why
do
you
think
I’m
drinking
hot
chocolate?
③Here,
take
this
blanket.
The
heater
isn’t
working
right
now.
3.
What
will
the
man
probably
do
to
stay
warm?
A.
Use
a
blanket.
B.
Turn
on
the
heater.
C.
Drink
some
hot
chocolate.
答案:
A
Text
4
W:
English
is
an
easy
language
to
learn.
Don’t
you
think
so,
④
Daming?
M:
④I’m
afraid
it’s
difficult
for
me,
Susan.
But
my
brother
is
good
at
it.
4.
Who
has
difficulty
in
learning
English?
A.
Susan.
B.
Daming.
C.
Daming’s
brother.
答案:
B
Text
5
W:
When
did
the
plane
arrive?
M:
At
a
quarter
past
eleven.
W:
⑤Do
you
think
you’ll
recognize
Joe
when
you
see
him?
M:
I
don’t
know.
I
haven’t
seen
him
since
he
was
7.
Time
flies.
Now
9
years
have
passed.
My
nephew
must
have
changed
a
lot.
5.
What
are
the
two
speakers
doing
now?
A.
Waiting
for
someone
at
the
airport.
B.
Talking
about
their
plan.
C.
Booking
tickets
for
their
trip.
答案:
A
第二节(共15小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分22.
5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,
你将有时间阅读各个小题,
每小题5秒钟;
听完后,
各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,
回答第6、7题。
Text
6
M:
Wow!
Nice
place!
I’ve
never
been
to
this
part
of
town
before.
W:
Thanks.
⑥This
area’s
called
the
East
End.
It
isn’t
very
central,
but
I
chose
it
because
I
could
afford
more
space
here.
M:
Yeah,
⑥you
have
a
whole
extra
room!
W:
I
know!
I
use
it
for
work.
M:
I
thought
you
worked
in
an
office
downtown.
W:
My
company
lets
me
work
one
day
a
week
from
home.
M:
Lucky!
You’ve
got
a
great
boss
and
a
great
apartment.
I’m
so
happy
for
you!
Let’s
celebrate!⑦Let
me
take
you
to
dinner.
6.
Where
does
the
conversation
take
place?
A.
In
an
office
downtown.
B.
In
an
apartment
downtown.
C.
In
an
apartment
in
the
East
End.
答案:
C
7.
What
does
the
man
want
to
do
now?
A.
Get
to
work.
B.
Go
to
a
restaurant.
C.
Visit
the
woman’s
company.
答案:
B
听第7段材料,
回答第8、9题。
Text
7
M:
Hey,
Helen!
⑧How
about
your
interview
for
Cambridge?
W:
Mm,
not
bad.
They
are
satisfied
with
my
academic
records
in
Science.
M:
I
know
you
can
conquer
the
teachers.
W:
Thank
you,
Mike.
Um,
where
do
you
want
to
study?
M:
India.
W:
Why
in
India?
You
want
to
major
in
Buddhism?
M:
No.
⑨I
want
to
be
a
computer
programmer.
So
I’ve
applied
to
the
Indian
Institute
of
Technology,
which
is
one
of
the
best
universities
for
IT
learners.
W:
Yeah!
That’
s
your
best
choice.
Hope
you
can
make
it.
M:
Thank
you.
8.
Where
does
the
woman
want
to
study?
A.
In
the
University
of
Cambridge.
B.
In
the
University
of
Oxford.
C.
In
the
Indian
Institute
of
Technology.
答案:
A
9.
Which
subject
does
the
man
want
to
major
in?
A.
Art.
B.
Buddhism.
C.
Programming.
答案:
C
听第8段材料,
回答第10～12题。
Text
8
W:
Hello,
may
I
speak
to
Mr
Smith,
please?
M:
Speaking.
Who’s
calling?
May
I
ask?
W:
This
is
the
Job
Center.
We
have
received
your
E-mail
and
there
is
a
position
which
we
think
fit
you
well.
⑩A
lab
assistant
is
wanted
in
a
middle
school.
M:
Can
you
tell
me
more
about
the
job?
W:
Well,
a
lab
assistant
is
wanted
in
a
college.
It’s
the
kind
of
job
you
would
like
to
do,
?as
is
mentioned
in
your
E-mail.
M:
Yes,
I
did
put
that
in
my
letter.
W:
Yes.
They
also
need
someone
who
knows
how
to
maintain
the
equipment.
So
we
think
you
are
just
the
right
person
for
the
job.
M:
What
about
the
pay
and
work
hours?
W:
I
am
coming
to
that.
The
pay
they
have
offered
is
satisfactory,
but
the
work
hours
are
a
bit
changeable.
Sometimes
early
in
the
morning,
sometimes
late
in
the
afternoon.
M:
Well,
I
am
interested
in
that.
May
I
have
some
more
details
so
that
I
can
talk
it
over
with
my
wife?
W:
Why
don’t
you
come
over
here
at
10
a.
m.
tomorrow?
M:
OK,
?see
you
tomorrow
then.
Bye!
10.
Why
did
the
woman
call
Mr
Smith?
A.
To
recommend
a
job.
B.
To
maintain
the
equipment.
C.
To
work
as
a
lab
assistant.
答案:
A
11.
How
did
the
Job
Center
get
to
know
Smith?
A.
Smith
called
the
center.
B.
Smith
e-mailed
the
center.
C.
Smith
went
to
the
center
before.
答案:
B
12.
When
will
the
man
go
to
the
center
for
details
about
the
job?
A.
Tomorrow
morning.
B.
This
morning.
C.
Tomorrow
afternoon.
答案:
A
听第9段材料,
回答第13～16题。
Text
9
M:
?Hello,
Jane.
This
is
Peter
speaking.
W:
Hi,
how
are
you?
M:
Fine.
And
I’ve
got
some
great
news
for
you.
W:
Really?
What’s
it
about?
M:
I
remember
you
are
interested
in
watching
golf
games.
The
Houston
Open
will
be
running
from
May
26
to
May
30.
I’m
sure
you
will
be
glad
to
watch
the
game.
W:
Oh,
that’s
great.
But
just
a
moment,
let
me
check.
Ah.
.
.
It
is
a
pity
that
I
can’t
make
it.
?I
will
be
on
business
in
China
from
May
25
to
June
2.
M:
Well,
?I’m
sorry
you
have
to
be
away
on
business
then.
Let
me
see.
?Another
game,
the
US
Open
will
be
running
from
July
15
to
July
18.
How
about
that?
W:
That’s
great.
I
will
be
on
my
holiday
then.
?It
would
be
wonderful
if
we
could
watch
the
game
together.
13.
Where
does
the
conversation
take
place?
A.
On
the
phone.
B.
At
Peter’s
home.
C.
In
a
gym.
答案:
A
14.
Why
will
the
woman
miss
the
Houston
Open?
A.
She
will
be
having
her
holiday.
B.
She
will
stay
at
home.
C.
She
will
be
on
business
abroad.
答案:
C
15.
When
is
the
US
Open
running?
A.
From
May
26
to
May
30.
B.
From
May
25
to
June
2.
C.
From
July
15
to
July
18.
答案:
C
16.
What
would
be
wonderful
for
the
speakers?
A.
Being
on
a
vacation.
B.
Watching
the
game
together.
C.
Going
to
the
US.
答案:
B
听第10段材料,
回答第17～20题。
Text
10
One
Sunday
morning,
I
was
dreaming
of
being
asked
to
the
office
by
the
boss
when
I
was
woken
up
by
a
phone
call.
?It
was
from
a
taxi
driver.
He
told
me
he
had
my
friend’s
cellphone.
My
friend,
Mike,
had
left
it
in
the
taxi
the
night
before.
The
driver
called
me
according
to
the
call
records.
It
was
a
raining
morning.
For
taxi
drivers
in
this
big
city
it
was
a
big
time.
?I
told
him
there
was
a
taxi
centre
not
far
away
from
my
home.
He
could
take
it
there.
Then
I
quickly
jumped
out
of
bed
and
got
dressed.
?When
I
walked
there
in
half
an
hour,
the
driver
had
gone
away.
He
didn’t
leave
anything
except
for
the
cellphone.
I
was
very
happy
for
my
friend.
He
moved
to
this
city
a
few
days
ago,
so
I
didn’t
get
time
to
visit
him
and
therefore
didn’t
know
where
he
was
living.
I
e-mailed
my
friend
telling
him
I
had
his
phone.
My
friend
was
very
excited
to
get
back
his
cellphone.
?He
said
he
would
write
it
on
his
blog
to
search
for
the
warm-hearted
driver.
17.
Who
called
Mike’s
friend
on
a
Sunday
morning?
A.
Mike.
B.
A
taxi
driver.
C.
His
boss.
答案:
B
18.
How
did
the
taxi
driver
deliver
the
cellphone?
A.
He
mailed
it
to
Mike.
B.
He
handed
it
to
Mike’s
friend.
C.
He
left
it
in
the
taxi
centre.
答案:
C
19.
How
did
Mike’s
friend
get
to
the
taxi
centre?
A.
He
got
there
on
foot.
B.
He
took
a
taxi.
C.
He
drove
there.
答案:
A
20.
What
would
Mike
do
after
getting
the
cellphone
back?
A.
Search
for
the
driver
in
the
taxi
centre.
B.
Contribute
to
a
newspaper
in
search
of
the
driver.
C.
Search
for
the
driver
by
posting
a
blog.
答案:
C
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,
满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;
每小题2分,
满分30分)
A
Fifteen
years
ago,
I
took
a
summer
vacation
in
Lecce
in
southern
Italy.
After
climbing
up
a
hill
for
a
panoramic(全景的)
view
of
the
blue
sea,
white
buildings
and
green
olive
trees,
I
paused
to
catch
my
breath
and
then
positioned
myself
to
take
the
best
photo
of
this
panorama.
Unfortunately,
just
as
I
took
out
my
camera,
a
woman
approached
from
behind,
and
planted
herself
right
in
front
of
my
view.
Like
me,
this
woman
was
here
to
stop,
sigh
and
appreciate
the
view.
Patient
as
I
was,
after
about
15
minutes,
my
camera
scanning
the
sun
and
reviewing
the
shot
I
would
eventually
take,
I
grew
frustrated.
Was
it
too
much
to
ask
her
to
move
so
I
could
take
just
one
picture
of
the
landscape?
Sure,
I
could
have
asked
her,
but
something
prevented
me
from
doing
so.
She
seemed
so
pleased
in
her
observation.
I
didn’t
want
to
mess
with
that.
Another
15
minutes
passed
and
I
grew
bored.
The
woman
was
still
there.
I
decided
to
take
the
photo
anyway.
And
now
when
I
look
at
it,
I
think
her
presence
in
the
photo
is
what
makes
the
image
interesting.
The
landscape,
beautiful
on
its
own,
somehow
comes
to
life
and
breathes
because
this
woman
is
engaging
with
it.
This
photo,
with
the
unique
beauty
that
unfolded
before
me
and
that
woman
who
“ruined”
it,
now
hangs
on
a
wall
in
my
bedroom.
What
would
she
think
if
she
knew
that
her
figure
is
captured(捕捉)
and
frozen
on
some
stranger’s
bedroom
wall?
A
bedroom,
after
all,
is
a
very
private
space,
in
which
some
woman
I
don’t
even
know
has
been
immortalized(使……永存).
In
some
ways,
she
lives
in
my
house.
Perhaps
we
all
live
in
each
others’
spaces.
Perhaps
this
is
what
photos
are
for:
to
remind
us
that
we
all
appreciate
beauty,
that
we
all
share
a
common
desire
for
pleasure,
for
connection,
for
something
that
is
greater
than
us.
That
photo
is
a
reminder,
a
captured
moment,
an
unspoken
conversation
between
two
women,
separated
only
by
a
thin
square
of
glass.
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要向我们描述了作者一次无奈拍摄到的一张被女人干扰的照片,
却显得尤为生动,
也让作者明白了共享的美丽。
21.
What
happened
when
the
author
was
about
to
take
a
photo?
A.
A
woman
blocked
her
view.
B.
Her
camera
stopped
working.
C.
Someone
asked
her
to
leave.
D.
A
friend
approached
from
behind.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Unfortunately,
just
as
I
took
out
my
camera,
a
woman
approached
from
behind,
and
planted
herself
right
in
front
of
my
view.
Like
me,
this
woman
was
here
to
stop,
sigh
and
appreciate
the
view.
”可知,
当作者要拍照时一个女人挡住了她的视线。
22.
According
to
the
author,
the
woman
was
probably_______.
?
A.
losing
her
patience
B.
enjoying
herself
C.
waiting
for
the
sunset
D.
thinking
about
her
past
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Like
me,
this
woman
was
here
to
stop,
sigh
and
appreciate
the
view.
”可知,
这个女人可能是在欣赏风景,
放松自己。
23.
In
the
author’s
opinion,
what
makes
the
photo
so
alive?
A.
The
rich
color
of
the
landscape.
B.
The
perfect
positioning
of
the
camera.
C.
The
soft
sunlight
that
summer
day.
D.
The
woman’s
existence
in
the
photo.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,
现在当我看它的时候,
我认为她在照片里的出现使这张照片变得有趣。风景本身就很美,
但不知何故却活了起来,
呼吸了起来,
因为这位女士融入其中。所以作者认为,
是照片中的女人的存在使照片如此生动。
B
(2020·长沙高一检测)
In
the
winter
of
1664—1665,
a
bitter
cold
fell
on
London
in
the
days
before
Christmas.
Above
the
city,
an
unusually
bright
comet
(彗星)
shot
across
the
sky,
exciting
much
prediction
of
a
snow
storm.
Outside
the
city
wall,
a
woman
was
announced
dead
of
a
disease
that
was
spreading
in
that
area.
Her
house
was
locked
up
and
the
phrase
“Lord
Have
Mercy
On
Us”
was
painted
on
the
door
in
red.
By
the
following
Christmas,
the
virus
that
had
killed
the
woman
would
go
on
to
kill
nearly
100,
000
people
living
in
and
around
London
—
almost
a
third
of
those
who
did
not
flee.
In
The
Great
Plague
(瘟疫),
historian
A.
Lloyd
Moote
and
microbiologist
Dorothy
C.
Moote
provide
a
deeply
informed
account
of
this
plague
year.
Reading
the
book,
readers
are
taken
from
the
palaces
of
the
city’s
wealthiest
citizens
to
the
poor
areas
where
the
vast
majority
of
Londoners
were
living,
and
to
the
surrounding
countryside
with
those
who
fled.
The
Mootes
point
out
that,
even
at
the
height
of
the
plague,
the
city
did
not
fall
into
chaos.
Doctors,
nurses
and
the
church
staff
remained
in
the
city
to
care
for
the
sick;
city
officials
tried
their
best
to
fight
the
crisis
with
all
the
legal
tools;
and
commerce
continued
even
as
businesses
shut
down.
To
describe
life
and
death
in
and
around
London,
the
authors
focus
on
the
experiences
of
nine
individuals.
Through
their
letters
and
diaries,
the
Mootes
offer
fresh
descriptions
of
key
issues
in
the
history
of
the
Great
Plague:
how
different
communities
understood
and
experienced
the
disease;
how
medical,
religious,
and
government
bodies
reacted;
how
well
the
social
order
held
together;
the
economic
and
moral
dilemmas
people
faced
when
debating
whether
to
flee
the
city;
and
the
nature
of
the
material,
social,
and
spiritual
resources
supporting
those
who
remained.
Based
on
humanity
(人性),
the
authors
offer
a
masterful
portrait
of
a
city
and
its
inhabitants
attacked
by—and
daringly
resisting—unimaginable
horror.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在1664年至1665年冬天,
伦敦地区发生了瘟疫,
将近10万人死于这场瘟疫。历史学家A.
Lloyd
Moote
和微生物学家Dorothy
C.
Moote在《大瘟疫》这本书中记述了当时人们是如何应对这场瘟疫的。
24.
What
can
we
learn
from
Paragraph
1?
A.
A
comet
always
follows
a
storm.
B.
London
was
under
an
approaching
threat.
C.
London
was
prepared
for
the
disease.
D.
The
woman
was
the
beginning
of
the
disease.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Outside
the
city
wall,
a
woman
was
announced
dead
of
a
disease
that
was
spreading
in
that
area.
”可知,
一场瘟疫正在逼近伦敦。
25.
What
do
the
Mootes
say
about
London
during
the
Great
Plague?
A.
The
city
remained
organized.
B.
The
plague
spared
the
rich
areas.
C.
The
people
tried
a
lot
in
vain.
D.
The
majority
fled
and
thus
survived.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段内容“The
Mootes
point
out
that,
even
at
the
height
of
the
plague,
.
.
.
and
commerce
continued
even
as
businesses
shut
down”可知,
疫情期间,
伦敦并没有乱作一团,
仍然井然有序。
26.
Why
do
the
Mootes
focus
on
the
nine
individuals?
A.
They
were
famous
people
in
history.
B.
They
all
managed
to
survive
the
Plague.
C.
They
provided
vivid
stories
of
humanity.
D.
They
united
by
thinking
and
acting
as
one.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Based
on
humanity,
the
authors
offer
a
masterful
portrait
of
a
city
and
its
inhabitants
attacked
by
—
and
daringly
resisting
—
unimaginable
horror.
”可知,
作者集中描述这九个人在疫情期间的活动是因为他们提供了“人性”的故事。
27.
What’s
the
purpose
of
this
text?
A.
To
introduce
a
new
book.
B.
To
correct
a
misunderstanding.
C.
To
report
a
new
research.
D.
To
show
respect
to
the
authors.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,
主要介绍《大瘟疫》这本书的内容,
因此作者的写作目的应该是介绍这本书。
C
(2020·宁夏高一检测)
In
the
office
of
the
German
prime
minister
Angela
Merkel,
there
is
a
picture
of
Catherine
the
Great,
the
legendary
(传奇的)
Russian
Empress.
When
asked
why
she
has
the
picture,
Merkel
says,
“She
was
a
strong
woman”.
Many
say
the
same
of
Merkel.
The
most
powerful
woman
in
the
world,
according
to
US
Forbes
magazine,
was
in
China
last
week.
She
came
to
discuss
trade
and
environmental
issues
with
China’s
top
leaders.
Germany’s
first
woman
leader
is
known
as
a
brave
and
practical
statesman
(政治家).
Even
since
her
time
at
school,
she
had
the
habit
of
getting
everything
in
order.
Every
day
before
doing
her
homework
she
would
clean
the
desk
and
think
about
what
to
do
next.
“I
prefer
a
long
time
for
full
preparations
to
make
my
decision.
But
once
I
decide,
I
will
stand
up
for
what
I
believe,
”Merkel
said.
Perhaps
it
was
good
habits
that
helped
her
do
well
in
her
studies.
At
32,
she
got
a
doctor
degree
in
physics
and
then
she
worked
as
a
researcher.
However,
the
life
of
a
scholar
couldn’t
put
off
her
love
of
politics.
While
working
in
labs,
Merkel
took
time
off
to
read
political
books
and
at
last
joined
a
political
party.
“Her
calmness
helped
her
stand
out
in
the
party.
She
could
always
find
a
way
out
while
others
felt
hopeless,
”
said
one
of
her
old
friends.
In
her
first
big
political
job
as
Minister
for
the
Environment
in
1994,
her
scientific
background
proved
very
useful.
In
2005
she
became
Germany’s
youngest
prime
minister
since
the
second
World
War.
Now
half
way
through
her
four-year
term,
the
53-year-old
woman
has
made
a
name
for
herself
both
in
Germany
and
abroad.
At
the
EU
summit
(欧盟峰会)
in
2005
when
France
quarreled
with
Britain
over
the
EU
budget,
some
people
believed
the
EU
was
close
to
breaking
down.
But
Merkel
didn’t
give
up.
She
shuttled
(穿梭)
between
the
heads
of
the
two
powers
and
had
them
reached
an
agreement.
“Strength
comes
from
composure
(镇定)
and
courage.
Many
people
say
I
am
a
strong
woman.
But
I
would
rather
say
I
have
perseverance,
”said
Merkel.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了德国总理默克尔,
她是个坚强的女性,
也是个“铁娘子”。
28.
Why
does
Merkel
put
a
picture
of
Catherine
the
Great
on
the
wall
of
her
office?
A.
Because
Catherine
the
Great
is
beautiful.
B.
Because
Merkel
wants
to
be
a
strong
woman
too.
C.
Because
Merkel
likes
the
drawing
skill
of
it.
D.
Because
it
is
very
expensive.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“When
asked
why
she
has
the
picture,
Merkel
says,
“She
was
a
strong
woman”.
Many
say
the
same
of
Merkel.
可知,
默克尔也想做凯瑟琳大帝那样的坚强女性。
29.
What
is
the
correct
order
of
the
following
events?
a.
became
the
German
Chancellor
(总理)
b.
got
a
doctorate
(博士学位)
in
physics
and
then
she
worked
as
a
researcher
c.
joined
a
political
party
d.
took
part
in
the
EU
summit
e.
worked
as
Minister
for
the
Environment
A.
bcade B.
cbdae C.
bcead D.
cbaed
【解析】选C。细节理解题。通读全文可知,
她先是在大学获得博士学位,
从事研究;
然后加入政党;
接下来担任了环境部长;
2005年担任总理;
最后参加欧盟峰会。
30.
Which
statement
is
NOT
true
according
to
the
passage?
A.
Merkel
usually
hurries
to
make
a
decision
when
facing
difficulties.
B.
At
the
EU
summit
in
2005,
the
relationship
between
France
and
Britain
was
in
tension.
C.
Merkel
is
a
well-known
leader
all
over
the
world.
D.
She
is
outstanding
because
of
her
calmness.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Strength
comes
from
composure
and
courage.
Many
people
say
I
am
a
strong
woman.
But
I
would
rather
say
I
have
perseverance,
’
said
Merkel.
”可知,
她是很镇定的,
不会匆忙做决定。
31.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
An
excellent
lecturer
B.
Germany’s
iron
lady
C.
The
change
of
a
scholar
D.
The
youngest
chancellor
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。阅读全文,
根据内容可知,
介绍了德国总理默克尔,
她是一个坚强的女性,
也是个“铁娘子”。所以,
Germany’s
iron
lady(德国的铁娘子)是本文最佳标题。
D
Do
you
know
why
people
yawn
(打哈欠)?
The
most
obvious
answer
is
that
we
yawn
because
we
are
tired.
But
why
does
being
tired
make
us
yawn?
How
does
yawning
help
us?
The
truth
is
that
we
don’t
know
the
answers
to
these
questions.
Scientists
have
different
theories
about
why
we
yawn,
but
nobody
has
been
able
to
prove
them.
The
first
one
is
the
“oxygen
theory”.
In
the
past,
one
of
the
most
popular
theories
was
that
we
yawn
in
order
to
take
more
oxygen.
When
we
yawn
we
breathe
more
deeply.
According
to
this
theory,
our
brains
make
us
yawn
because
we
need
more
oxygen.
However,
these
days
more
and
more
scientists
are
against
the
oxygen
theory.
The
second
one
is
the
“brain
cooling”
theory.
According
to
this
theory,
we
yawn
when
our
brains
get
too
warm.
Yawning
makes
our
brains
cooler
again.
When
our
brains
are
cooler,
we
can
think
more
clearly.
Yawning
can
help
keep
us
alert
(警觉).
This
theory
hasn’t
been
proven
yet,
but
many
scientists
think
that
it
will
be
proven
in
the
future.
Here
are
a
few
other
interesting
facts
about
yawning.
First,
yawning
is
contagious
(可传染的).
If
you
see
another
person
yawn,
then
you
will
be
more
likely
to
yawn,
too.
Second,
we
yawn
even
before
we
are
born.
Studies
have
shown
that
babies
yawn
while
they’re
still
in
their
mother’s
stomach.
They
start
to
yawn
after
24
weeks.
Finally,
we
are
more
likely
to
yawn
when
we’re
bored.
Why
is
yawning
contagious?
Why
do
we
yawn
when
we’re
bored
or
tired?
The
truth
is
that
we
don’t
have
any
answers
to
these
questions,
either.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。讨论了关于人们为什么打哈欠的两个理论,
第一个是“氧气理论”,
第二个是“大脑冷却”理论。讲清了一些关于打哈欠的其他有趣的事实。
32.
What
does
“them”
refer
to
at
the
end
of
the
first
paragraph?
A.
Yawns.
B.
Scientists.
C.
Theories.
D.
Questions.
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Scientists
have
different
theories
about
why
we
yawn,
but
nobody
has
been
able
to
prove
them.
”可知,
科学家们对我们为什么打哈欠有不同的理论,
但是没有人能够证明这些理论,
所以them指的是“理论”。
33.
What
does
the
article
say
about
the
“oxygen
theory”?
A.
It’s
the
most
recent
theory.
B.
Few
scientists
believe
it
now.
C.
More
and
more
scientists
believe
it.
D.
We
know
that
it’s
correct.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“However,
these
days
more
and
more
scientists
are
against
the
oxygen
theory.
”可知,
现在很少有科学家相信氧气理论了。
34.
What
happens
when
a
person’s
brain
is
cooler?
A.
The
person
gets
more
tired.
B.
The
person
is
in
a
bad
mood.
C.
The
person
thinks
more
clearly.
D.
The
person
becomes
less
alert.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“When
our
brains
are
cooler,
we
can
think
more
clearly.
”可知,
当一个人的大脑变冷时,
他会想得更清楚。
35.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.
We
can
yawn
only
after
we
are
born.
B.
We
have
known
the
answer
why
we
yawn.
C.
When
we
see
another
person
yawn,
we
might
yawn,
too.
D.
Scientists
will
never
prove
the
“brain
cooling”
theory.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“If
you
see
another
person
yawn,
then
you
will
be
more
likely
to
yawn,
too.
”可知,
当我们看到别人打哈欠时,
我们也会打哈欠。
【技巧点拨】
代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象,
包括考查it(指动物,
无生命的事物、特定的事件或人),
they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词),
he/she等人称代词的指代意义,
以及指示代词this,
that,
these,
those等在文章中的指代意义,
考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人、物、事件的认知能力。解答这类题时,
同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容,
分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程,
理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系,
从而准确推断其指代的对象。如第32小题,
根据上文Scientists
have
different
theories
about
why
we
yawn,
but
nobody
has
been
able
to
prove
them.
可知,
科学家们对我们为什么打哈欠有不同的理论,
但是没有人能够证明这些理论,
故them指的是“理论”,
故选C。
第二节(共5小题;
每小题2分,
满分10分)
根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,
选项中有两项为多余选项。
A
daily
multivitamin
may
give
your
well-being
an
extra
benefit,
but
if
you’ve
ever
swallowed
one
and
felt
sick
right
after,
you
know
it’s
hardly
a
pleasant
experience.
36 ?
You’re
taking
vitamins
on
an
empty
stomach.
Vitamins
that
are
more
acid
in
nature,
like
vitamin
C,
may
cause
nausea(恶心)if
they’re
consumed
on
an
empty
stomach.
Vitamins
A,
D,
E
and
K,
unlike
some
others,
may
be
better
absorbed
when
not
taken
with
food.
37 ?
Vitamins
are
like
medicines
in
that
they
can
act
on
each
other
and
other
medicines
you’re
taking.
38
Some
research
suggests
that
multivitamins
could
cause
side
effects
when
taken
at
the
same
time
with
high
estrogen(雌激素)levels.
?
There’s
a
lot
of
iron
in
your
pill.
Multivitamins
that
contain
a
lot
of
iron
or
iron
supplements
themselves
can
cause
nausea.
This
is
especially
true
if
you’re
taking
them
outside
of
a
meal.
Iron
is
interesting
in
that
it’s
best
absorbed
on
an
empty
stomach,
but
it’s
hardest
to
take
on
an
empty
stomach
because
of
the
nausea.
39
It
might
decrease
the
absorption
a
little
bit
but
it’s
better
than
nothing.
?
Allergic
reaction
side
effects.
Since
multivitamins
contain
so
many
vitamins
and
minerals,
allergic
reactions
are
certainly
possible
.
Mild
allergic
reactions
can
include
itchiness(痒)
and
hives(荨麻疹).
40
Should
you
experience
more
advanced
signs
of
an
allergic
reaction,
such
as
breathing
trouble,
chest
pain,
widespread
hives
or
a
swollen
facial
region?Visit
the
closest
emergency
room
immediately.
?
A.
You’re
taking
vitamins
with
other
medicines.
B.
These
stomach
issues
can
be
extremely
disturbing.
C.
Below
are
a
few
reasons
why
multivitamins
may
be
making
you
ill.
D.
If
you
experience
these
side
effects,
stop
using
and
contact
your
doctor.
E.
It’s
better
to
take
it
with
food
than
trying
taking
it
on
an
empty
stomach.
F.
It’s
important
to
discuss
with
an
expert
the
timing
of
these
vitamins.
G.
Please
review
the
combinations
to
make
sure
there
are
no
harmful
interactions.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,
介绍了服用多种维生素可能让人感到不适的几种原因。
36.
【解析】选C。根据下文小标题You’re
taking
vitamins
on
an
empty
stomach.
There’s
a
lot
of
iron
in
your
pill.
和Allergic
reaction
side
effects.
可知从第二段到第五段都是分析让人感到不适的原因,
故C项正确。
37.
【解析】选A。根据下文Vitamins
are
like
medicines
in
that
they
can
act
on
each
other
and
other
medicines
you’re
taking.
可知本段讲的是各种维生素之间以及维生素与其他药物之间相互作用,
故A项正确。
38.
【解析】选G。根据上文可知各种维生素之间以及维生素与其他药物之间会相互作用;
根据下文可知当雌激素水平高时服用多种维生素可能引起副作用。所以G项正确,
请检查一下混合物,
确保它们之间没有有害的相互作用。
39.
【解析】选E。根据上文可知铁在空腹服用时吸收效果最好,
但空腹服用会让人恶心;
根据下文It
might
decrease
the
absorption
a
little
bit
but
it’s
better
than
nothing.
这可能会吸收得少一点,
但是这样比空腹好。由此判断此处是讲跟食物一起服用多种维生素。
40.
【解析】选D。上文讲的是轻微的过敏反应症状;
下文提到了较重的过敏反应症状,
所以D项正确,
如果你感受到了这些副作用,
停止服用并联系医生。
【方法技巧】
如何避免七选五“连环错”
1.
切忌选出一个划掉一个。
2.
全部选完后,
再复验一下,
特别是把感觉模棱两可的选项再认真看看,
还原文本。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节,
满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分30分)
Ten
years
ago,
my
mom
gave
me
a
fancy
blood
pressure
monitor.
I
had
high
blood
pressure
and
she
wanted
to
make
sure
I
was
always
41
it.
Being
in
my
early
twenties,
this
situation
should
have
42
me,
but
it
didn’t;
I
had
long
been
43
from
nameless
anxiety
and
stress.
After
a
decade
long
44 ,
my
blood
pressure
could
finally
be
controlled.
Through
lots
of
meditation(冥想),
exercise,
and
diets,
I’ve
slowly
45
from
it
in
the
last
few
years.
?
I’m
happy
that
I
no
longer
46
my
blood
pressure
monitor.
My
mom
is
47
and
doesn’t
need
it,
but
I
know
she
48
a
large
amount
of
money
on
it
when
her
49
was
not
the
best.
I
decided
to
put
it
up
for
50
online,
and
a
woman
51 ,
saying
she
wanted
to
buy
it
shortly
after
I
posted
it.
I
went
to
a
coffee
shop
and
52
her,
along
with
her
mother.
Neither
of
them
were
in
the
best
of
health.
?
She
carefully
took
out
some
53
from
her
wallet
to
pay
me,
and
it
54
me
that
I
could
not
let
her
pay
me.
I
had
a
smile
card
55
in
my
wallet;
I
slipped
it
in
the
bag
and
told
her
“Here,
just
take
it.
”
She
was
56
and
tried
to
hand
me
the
money
again.
I
again
insisted
that
she
take
it.
She
was
57
and
thanked
me.
I
wished
them
good
health
and
a
happy
life.
?
Although
I
didn’t
repay
my
mom
in
cash,
I
was
more
than
58
that
I
repaid
her
by
passing
on
her
59
to
someone
who
may
be
a
stranger
but
60
needed
it.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,
讲述了我本来打算将不再需要的血压器卖掉,
但后来我把它送给了一对母女,
我很高兴因为我把它送给了真正需要它的人。
41.
A.
keeping B.
keeping
away
C.
keeping
up
with
D.
keeping
track
of
【解析】选D。根据本句可知,
我有高血压,
妈妈送我血压器是让我监测血压。keep保留;
keep
away远离;
keep
up
with赶上;
keep
track
of记录,
跟踪,
符合语境。
42.
A.
interested
B.
shocked
C.
relieved
D.
encouraged
【解析】选B。在我二十岁出头的年纪,
这种情况本应该使我震惊。interest使感兴趣;
shock使震惊;
relieve减轻;
encourage鼓励。
43.
A.
preventing
B.
resulting
C.
suffering
D.
separating
【解析】选C。根据本空后的from
nameless
anxiety
and
stress可知,
我长期遭受难以名状的焦虑和压力。prevent阻止;
result产生;
suffer遭受;
separate分离。
44.
A.
struggle
B.
analysis
C.
search
D.
summary
【解析】选A。根据本空后my
blood
pressure
could
finally
be
controlled可知,
经过十年的努力,
我的血压终于得到了控制。struggle努力,
斗争;
analysis分析;
search
搜寻;
summary总结。
45.
A.
run
B.
recovered
C.
learned
D.
removed
【解析】选B。根据本空前的Through
lots
of
meditation,
exercise,
and
diets可知,
在过去几年里,
通过冥想、锻炼和饮食,
我慢慢从这种状态中恢复过来。run跑;
recover恢复;
learn学会;
remove移除。
46.
A.
like
B.
need
C.
expect
D.
imagine
【解析】选B。我很高兴我不再需要血压器了。like喜欢;
need需要;
expect期望;
imagine想象。
47.
A.
weak B.
slim
C.
healthy D.
bad
【解析】选C。根据本空后的and
doesn’t
need
it可知,
我妈妈很健康,
不需要血压器。weak虚弱的;
slim苗条的;
healthy健康的;
bad不好的。
48.
A.
spent
B.
cost
C.
wasted
D.
threw
【解析】选A。根据本空后的a
large
amount
of
money
on
it
when
her
_______was
not
the
best可知,
但我知道在她经济状况不佳时,
妈妈花了很多钱买这个血压器。spend花费;
cost花费(物作主语);
waste浪费;
throw扔。?
49.
A.
finance
B.
experience
C.
idea
D.
thought
【解析】选A。在她经济状况不佳时,
妈妈花了很多钱买这个血压器。finance财政,
资金;
experience经历;
idea主意;
thought想法。
50.
A.
show
B.
fun
C.
sale
D.
praise
【解析】选C。上文说在她经济状况不佳时,
妈妈花了很多钱买这个血压器,
所以我决定把它放到网上出售。show展览;
fun乐趣;
sale出售;
praise表扬。
51.
A.
asked
B.
responded
C.
required
D.
acted
【解析】选B。根据本空后的saying
she
wanted
to
buy
it
shortly
after
I
posted
it.
可知,
在我发布出售信息后不久一位女士就回复我说她想买。ask问;
respond回复;
require要求;
act表演。
52.
A.
contacted
B.
inspired
C.
met
D.
forgave
【解析】选C。我在咖啡店见到了这位女士和她妈妈,
她俩的身体都不怎么好。contact联系;
inspire鼓舞;
meet见面;
forgive原谅。
53.
A.
cards B.
paper
C.
keys D.
cash
【解析】选D。根据本空后的from
her
wallet
to
pay
me可知,
她从钱包里拿出一些钱给我。card卡片;
paper纸;
key钥匙;
cash现金。
54.
A.
frightened
B.
benefited
C.
hit
D.
attacked
【解析】选C。我突然觉得不能让她付我钱。frighten使害怕;
benefit使受益;
hit
突然想到(觉得);
attack攻击。
55.
A.
on
hand
B.
on
duty
C.
on
leave
D.
on
guard
【解析】选A。我手头正好有一张微笑卡在钱包里,
我把它塞进包里,
告诉她“拿着它”。on
hand在手边;
on
duty值班;
on
leave休假中;
on
guard站岗。
56.
A.
annoyed
B.
worried
C.
confused
D.
careful
【解析】选C。根据语境可知,
我和她素不相识,
却要将血压器白送给她,
所以她感到很困惑。annoyed恼怒的;
worried担心的;
confused困惑的;
careful认真的。
57.
A.
depressed
B.
touched
C.
sad
D.
bored
【解析】选B。根据语境可知,
我的坚持让她很感动。depressed沮丧的;
touched感动的;
sad伤心的;
bored无聊的。
58.
A.
surprised
B.
anxious
C.
eager
D.
delighted
【解析】选D。根据本空后的内容可知,
虽然我没有把妈妈买血压器的钱给妈妈,
但是我非常高兴我以这样的方式回报了她——把她的礼物送给可能是陌生人但却真正需要它的人。surprised惊讶的;
anxious焦虑的;
eager渴望的;
delighted高兴的。
59.
A.
gift
B.
hope
C.
collection
D.
desire
【解析】选A。根据上文Ten
years
ago,
my
mom
gave
me
a
fancy
blood
pressure
monitor.
可知,
血压器是妈妈送给我的礼物。gift礼物;
hope
希望;
collection募捐;
desire心愿。
60.
A.
really
B.
differently
C.
hardly
D.
gradually
【解析】选A。把她的礼物送给可能是陌生人但却真正需要它的人。really真正地;
differently不同地;
hardly几乎不;
gradually逐渐地。
第二节(共10小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分15分)
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·吉林高一检测)
Elizabeth
Blackwell
was
born
in
England
in
1821,
and
moved
to
New
York
City
when
she
was
ten
years
old.
One
day
she
decided
that
she
wanted
to
become
a
doctor.
That
was
nearly
impossible
for
a
woman
in
the
middle
of
the
61.
___________(nineteen)
century.
After
writing
many
letters
asking
for
62.
___________(admit)
to
medical
schools,
finally
she
63.
___________(accept)
by
a
doctor
in
Philadelphia.
She
was
so
64.
___________(determine)
that
she
taught
school
and
gave
music
lessons
to
get
money
65.
___________the
cost
of
schooling.
?
In
1849,
after
graduation
from
66.
___________(medicine)
school,
she
decided
to
further
her
education
in
Paris.
She
wanted
to
be
a
surgeon
(外科医师)
,
but
a
serious
eye
problem
forced
her
to
give
up
the
idea.
?
Upon
67.
___________(return)
to
the
United
States,
she
found
68.
___________difficult
to
start
her
own
practice
because
she
was
a
woman.
By
1857
Elizabeth
and
her
sister,
also
a
doctor,
along
with
another
woman
doctor,
managed
to
open
69.
___________new
hospital,
the
first
for
women
and
children.
Besides,
70.
___________(be)
the
first
woman
physician
and
founding
her
own
hospital,
she
also
set
up
the
first
medical
school
for
women.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了西方第一位成为医生的女性伊丽莎白·布莱克威尔的求学与工作经历。她不仅是西方第一位女性内科医生,
创办了自己的医院,
还为女性朋友建立了第一所医学学校。
61.
【解析】
nineteenth。考查序数词。句意:
在19世纪中期,
对于女性来说那几乎是不可能的事情。某一个世纪是按照顺序排序下来的,
所以空格处应使用序数词。
62.
【解析】admission。考查名词。句意:
她给医学学校写了很多信希望能够被录取,
最终她被费城一名医生接受了。空格位于两个介词之间,
所以应用名词形式。admit(承认,
准许)的名词形式为admission。
63.
【解析】was
accepted。考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子主语she与accept之间是被动关系,
所以使用被动语态。根据前文中的was,
admitted等词汇可知,
本文对于伊丽莎白·布莱克威尔事迹的描述,
使用的都是一般过去时,
所以这句话也应使用一般过去时。
64.
【解析】determined。考查形容词。句意:
她如此意志坚定,
通过教书、上音乐课来获得她上学的费用。空格位于be动词was后作表语,
所以空格处填形容词。形容“某人意志坚定”,
应使用-ed形式的形容词。
65.
【解析】
for。考查介词。“学费”表达钱的目的,
所以使用介词for(表示对象、用途等)给,
为了。
66.
【解析】
medical。考查形容词。句意:
1849年,
从医学学校毕业后,
她决定去巴黎深造。空格位于介词from后,
名词school前,
所以使用形容词。medicine(药)的形容词为medical(医疗的),
故填medical。
67.
【解析】returning。考查动名词作宾语。句意:
返回美国后,
她发现因为她是女性,
开始她的工作是很难的。空格位于介词upon后,
并且return(返回)是动词,
所以应使用动名词作宾语。
68.
【解析】it。考查代词。这里found后真正的宾语是不定式to
start
her
own
practice,
所以空格处应使用人称代词it作形式宾语。
69.
【解析】
a。考查不定冠词。句意:
到1857年,
伊丽莎白·布莱克威尔与她的姐姐以及另外一名女医生一起,
开办了一家新医院,
第一个专门为妇女和孩子开设的医院。new
hospital(新医院)在文中第一次出现,
所以应使用不定冠词修饰。new读音以辅音音素开头,
所以使用a。
70.
【解析】
being。考查现在分词。句意:
另外,
作为第一位女性内科医生,
她建立了自己的医院,
还为女性开办了第一所医学学校。句子主语she与空格处单词be之间是主动关系,
所以应使用现在分词作状语。
第四部分 写作(共两节,
满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(每小题1分,
满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:
在错的词下划一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When
I
am
traveling
around,
I
watch
people
a
lot
in
order
kill
time.
The
other
day,
I
saw
a
couple
at
an
airport.
They
were
not
worn
business
clothes,
but
the
man
were
carrying
a
suitcase.
Every
few
second,
the
woman
had
looked
around.
I
wondered
that
someone
was
following
them.
Suddenly
I
remembered
the
story
in
a
newspaper
I
had
read
a
week
before:
the
bank
clerk
stole
one
million
pounds
and
disappeared
with
his
wife.
The
couple
real
looked
like
them.
Maybe
I
should
stop
them.
Just
then,
I
saw
them
say
goodbye
to
each
other,
and
the
woman
walk
away.
Well,
sometimes
I
make
mistakes
like
that.
But
I
find
it
very
useful
for
mine
writing.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者旅行时总喜欢去观察别人,
当然这期间总会有判断失误的时候,
但是作者把他们当成宝贵的写作材料。
1.
【解析】第一句中kill前加to。考查固定搭配。in
order
to“为了”表目的。故在kill前加to。
2.
【解析】第三句中worn改为wearing。考查非谓语动词。结合语意,
他们没有穿正装,
主语they和wear之间是主动语态。故将worn改为wearing。
3.
【解析】第三句中were改为was。考查主谓一致。分析句子可知,
the
man
是句子的主语,
谓语动词应该是单数。故将were改为was。
4.
【解析】第四句中second改为seconds。考查名词的数。second“秒”,
是个可数名词,
不能单独使用。故将second改为seconds。
5.
【解析】第四句中去掉had。考查时态。结合上下句,
作者描述的是过去的事情,
所以用过去式,
had
looked
around
是过去完成时,
时态不一致。故将had去掉。
6.
【解析】第五句中that改为if/whether。考查连词。结合上文,
他们的行为有些不自在,
所以我在想是否有人在跟踪他们。分析句子可知,
这里缺少了“是否”。故将that改为if/weather。
7.
【解析】第六句中the改为a。考查冠词。冠词a“一个”,
the“这个”;
通过语意,
作者一周前在报纸上读了一个故事:
一个银行职员偷走100万英镑后,
和他妻子一起消失了。故将the改为a。
8.
【解析】第七句中real改为really。考查副词。副词修饰动词作状语,
此处用副词really修饰动词looked
like。故将real改为really。
9.
【解析】第九句中walk改为walked。考查谓语动词。分析句子可知,
and连接两个并列的句子,
所以谓语动词saw和walk时态一致,
所以walk需要用过去时。故将walk改为walked。
10.
【解析】第十一句中mine改为my。考查代词。mine是名词性物主代词;
my是形容词性物主代词。分析句子,
此处应该是my来修饰后面的writing。故将mine改为my。
【技巧点拨】
that引导的宾语从句,
只起连接作用,
不作任何成分,
无词义。并且在口语里可以省略。if/weather引导的宾语从句,
起连接作用,
不作任何成分,
有词义“是否”。最简单的判断方法是,
通过翻译句子。如本题中的第6小题,
就是通过上下文翻译出:
我在想是否有人在跟踪他们。故将that改为if/weather。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
请根据以下要点提示写一篇100词左右的短文,
简要介绍一下宋庆龄,
可适当增加细节。
1.
宋庆龄(Song
Qingling)1893年出生于上海一个富裕的家庭,
受到良好的教育,
并在美国留学。
2.
1915年嫁给孙中山(Sun
Yat-sen);
后来成为中华人民共和国名誉主席(an
honorary
president
of
the
People’s
Republic
of
China)。
3.
她一生平易近人,
晚年热衷于中国妇女儿童的福利事业,
创办了中国福利会(the
China
Welfare
Institute),
并领导中国妇女联合会(All-China
Women’s
Federation)。
4.
此外,
她也为人权(civil
right)、民主(democracy)与和平而努力工作。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Song
Qingling
Song
Qingling
was
born
into
a
rich
family
in
Shanghai
in
1893,
so
she
got
a
good
education.
And
she
also
went
to
study
in
the
USA.
In
1915,
she
married
Sun
Yat-sen,
who
had
a
great
influence
on
China.
Later,
she
was
made
an
honorary
president
of
the
People’s
Republic
of
China.
She
was
kind-hearted
and
easy-going
during
her
whole
life.
She
concerned
herself
with
the
welfare
of
women
and
children
in
her
later
years
and
started
the
China
Welfare
Institute,
which
is
intended
to
serve
women
and
children
now.
She
also
led
the
All-China
Women’s
Federation.
Furthermore,
she
worked
hard
for
civil
rights,
democracy
and
peace.
She
was
a
great
woman
and
made
great
contributions
to
the
welfare
of
women
and
children
in
China.
I
thought
we
all
should
learn
from
her.
【补偿训练】
1.
The
hard
work
was
worthwhile(值得的)
because
I
passed
the
exam.
2.
In
short,
I
firmly
support(支持)the
view
that
we
should
wear
school
uniform.
3.
The
old
man
observed(观察)a
stranger
break
into
the
house.
4.
Good
actions
give
strength
to
ourselves
and
inspire(鼓舞)
good
actions
in
others.
5.
The
old
story
has
been
passed
along
to
us
by
one
generation(一代)
after
another.
6.
I
intend(计划;
打算)
to
organize
some
activities
at
school
like
lectures,
English
parties
and
so
on.
7.
She
has
the
ability
to
keep
calm
in
an
emergency(紧急情况).
8.
He
is
always
outspoken(直言的)
and
doesn’t
hesitate
to
speak
out
what
he
wants
to
say.
9.
The
organization
launched
a
campaign
(运动)
to
care
for
the
homeless
children.
10.
When
you
are
taken
to
your
uncle’s,
you
should
mind
your
behaviour(举止).
PAGE单元素养提升(一)
Unit
1
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
As
a
teacher,
he
is
respected
for
his
good
teaching.
2.
—Do
you
care
for
modern
music?
—No,
I
prefer
classical
music
to
modern
music.
3.
This
sentence
does
not
seem
to
connect
with
the
context.
4.
The
audience
was/were
(be)
no
less
than
five
thousand
in
the
stadium.
5.
The
woman
scientist
was
awarded
the
Nobel
Prize
for
Physics
for
those
great
achievements(achieve)
made
by
her.
6.
The
international
agreement,
intended
to
encourage
(encourage)
children
not
to
smoke
and
help
people
kick
the
habit,
was
signed
on
February
27.
?
7.
He
was
unhappy
because
many
people
argued
against
his
plan.
8.
You’d
better
write
down
the
phone
number
of
that
restaurant
for
future
reference
(refer).
9.
Observation(observe),
reason
and
experiment
make
up
what
we
call
the
scientific
method.
10.
All
of
the
students
in
our
school
were
inspired
by
the
inspiring
speech
given
by
Professor
Li
in
Tsinghua
University
last
October.
(inspire)
Ⅱ.
选词填空
crowd
in;
move
off;
devote
to;
carry
on;
lead
a.
.
.
life;
refer
to;
look
down
upon;
come
across;
by
chance;
work
out
1.
He
decided
to
devote
the
rest
of
his
life
to
scientific
study.
2.
On
my
way
to
the
museum,
I
came
across
one
of
my
teachers.
?
3.
It
started
to
rain
harder,
but
we
gathered
our
courage
and
carried
on.
?
4.
By
chance
he
found
the
very
book
he
was
always
looking
for.
?
5.
I
worked
out
many
problems
in
the
exercise
book.
?
6.
She
tried
to
sleep,
but
too
many
thoughts
crowded
in
on
her.
?
7.
The
days
when
the
Chinese
were
looked
down
upon
are
gone
forever.
?
8.
The
patient
leads
a
normal
and
healthy
life
following
his
doctor’s
advice.
?
9.
The
teacher
referred
to
in
my
last
letter
has
gone
abroad.
?
10.
The
car
moved
off
before
the
boy
had
got
into
it.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
It
seems
that
he
is
an
honest
man.
?
看起来他是个老实人。
2.
Once
the
decision
was
made,
things
fell
into
place
rapidly.
?
一旦作出决定,
事情就立刻顺理成章地发展下去了。
3.
It
hit
me
all
of
a
sudden
that
I
had
forgotten
her
birthday.
?
我突然想起,
我把她的生日给忘了。
4.
As
we
all
know,
only
then
did
he
realize
the
importance
of
English.
?
就我们所知,
只有在那时候他才意识到英语的重要性。
5.
It
was
when
he
was
about
to
go
to
bed
that
the
telephone
rang.
?
电话铃响时,
他刚好要上床睡觉。
Ⅳ.
阅读理解
A
(2020·南阳高一检测)
Marie
Curie
is
well-known
all
over
the
world.
However,
perhaps
you
have
not
heard
of
Rachel
Carson.
Of
the
outstanding
ladies
listed
below,
who
do
you
think
was
the
most
important
woman
of
the
past
100
years?
Jane
Addams(1860—1935)
Anyone
who
has
ever
been
helped
by
a
social
worker
has
Jane
Addams
to
thank.
Addams
helped
the
poor
and
worked
for
peace.
She
encouraged
a
sense
of
community(社区)by
creating
shelters
and
promoting
education
and
services
for
people
in
need.
In
1931,
Addams
became
the
first
American
woman
to
win
the
Nobel
Peace
Prize.
Rachel
Carson(1907—1964)
If
it
weren’t
for
Rachel
Carson,
the
environmental
movement
might
not
exist
today.
Her
popular
1962
book
Silent
Spring
raised
awareness
of
the
dangers
of
pollution
and
the
harmful
effects
of
chemicals
on
humans
and
on
the
world’s
lakes
and
oceans.
Sandra
Day
O’Connor(1930—
present)
When
Sandra
Day
O’Connor
finished
third
in
her
class
at
Stanford
Law
School,
in
1952,
she
could
not
find
work
at
a
law
firm
because
she
was
a
woman.
She
became
an
Arizona
state
senator(参议员)and,
in
1981,
the
first
woman
to
join
the
U.
S.
Supreme
Court.
O’Connor
gave
the
deciding
vote
in
many
important
cases
during
her
24
years
on
the
top
court.
Rosa
Parks(1913—2005)
On
December
1,
1955,
in
Montgomery,
Alabama,
Rosa
Parks
would
not
give
up
her
seat
on
a
bus
to
a
white
passenger.
Her
simple
act
landed
Parks
in
prison.
But
it
also
set
off
the
Montgomery
bus
boycott.
It
lasted
for
more
than
a
year,
and
kicked
off
the
civil-rights
movement.
“The
only
tired
I
was,
was
tired
of
giving
in.
”
said
Parks.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了过去的一百年里,
四位杰出的女性。
1.
What
is
Jane
Addams
famous
for
in
history?
A.
Her
social
work.
B.
Her
teaching
skills.
C.
Her
efforts
to
win
a
prize.
D.
Her
community
background.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据Jane
Addams部分中的“Anyone
who
has
ever
been
helped
by
a
social
worker
has
Jane
Addams
to
thank.
”可知,
在历史上,
Jane
Addams因为她的社会工作而出名。
2.
What
is
the
reason
for
O’Connor’s
not
being
able
to
find
a
job
in
the
law
firm?
A.
Her
lack
of
proper
training
in
law.
B.
Her
little
work
experience
in
court.
C.
The
discrimination
against
women.
D.
The
poor
financial
conditions.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据Sandra
Day
O’Connor部分中的“When
Sandra
Day
O’Connor
finished
third
in
her
class
at
Stanford
Law
School,
in
1952,
she
could
not
find
work
at
a
law
firm
because
she
was
a
woman.
”可知,
她没能在律师事务所找到工作,
是因为她是一名女性,
这与C项“对于女性的歧视”相符。
3.
What
can
we
infer
about
the
women
mentioned
in
the
text?
A.
They
are
highly
educated.
B.
They
are
truly
creative.
C.
They
are
pioneers.
D.
They
are
peace-lovers.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段的第三句“Of
the
outstanding
ladies
listed
below,
who
do
you
think
was
the
most
important
woman
of
the
past
100
years?”可知,
文中提到的女性都是先驱。
【方法技巧】
细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键,
也是做好其他类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息,
或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法,
即先读题,
然后带着问题快速阅读短文,
找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子,
再对相关部分进行分析对比,
找出答案。正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬,
但是一般是原文的改写,
意思不变。如换一个同义词,
把否定改为肯定,
把肯定改为否定等。如第1小题,
根据Jane
Addams部分Anyone
who
has
ever
been
helped
by
a
social
worker
has
Jane
Addams
to
thank.
(任何接受过社工帮助的人都要感谢Jane
Addams。)可知在历史上,
Jane
Addams因为她的社会工作而出名。故选A。
B
Barbara
McClintock
was
one
of
the
most
important
scientists
of
the
twentieth
century.
She
made
important
discoveries
about
genes(基因)
and
chromosomes
(染色体).
Barbara
McClintock
was
born
in
1902
in
Hartford,
Connecticut.
Her
family
moved
to
Brooklyn
area
of
New
York
City
in
1908.
Barbara
was
an
active
child
with
interests
in
sports
and
music.
She
also
developed
an
interest
in
science.
She
studied
science
at
Cornell
University
in
Ithaca,
New
York.
Barbara
was
among
a
small
number
of
undergraduate
students
to
receive
training
in
genetics
in
1921.
Years
later,
she
noted
that
few
college
students
wanted
to
study
genetics.
Barbara
McClintock
decided
to
study
botany,
the
scientific
study
of
plants,
at
Cornell
University.
She
completed
her
undergraduate
studies
in
1923.
McClintock
decided
to
continue
her
education
at
Cornell.
She
completed
a
master’s
degree
in
1925.
Two
years
later,
she
finished
all
her
requirements
for
a
doctorate
degree.
McClintock
stayed
at
Cornell
after
she
completed
her
education.
She
taught
students
botany.
The
1930s
were
not
a
good
time
to
be
a
young
scientist
in
the
United
States.
The
country
was
in
the
middle
of
the
great
economic
Depression.
Millions
of
Americans
were
unemployed.
Male
scientists
were
offered
jobs.
But
female
geneticists
were
not
much
in
demand.
An
old
friend
from
Cornell,
Marcus
Rhoades,
invited
McClintock
to
spend
the
summer
of
1941
working
at
the
Cold
Spring
Harbor
Laboratory.
It
is
a
research
center
on
Long
Island,
near
New
York
City.
McClintock
started
in
a
temporary
(临时的)
job
with
the
genetics
department.
A
short
time
later,
she
accepted
a
permanent
(永久的)
position
with
the
laboratory.
This
gave
her
the
freedom
to
continue
her
research
without
having
to
teach
or
repeatedly
ask
for
financial
aid.
By
the
1970s,
her
discoveries
had
had
an
effect
on
everything
from
genetic
engineering
to
cancer
research.
McClintock
won
the
Nobel
Prize
for
Physiology
or
Medicine
in
1983
for
her
discovery
of
the
ability
of
genes
to
change
positions
on
chromosomes.
She
was
the
first
American
woman
to
win
an
unshared
Nobel
Prize.
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记,
主要讲述了著名女科学家Barbara
McClintock的经历以及她在基因和染色体研究方面取得的重大成就。
4.
When
did
McClintock
receive
a
doctorate
degree?
A.
In
1921.
B.
In
1923.
C.
In
1925.
D.
In
1927.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段可知,
Barbara
McClintock在1925年取得了硕士学位,
两年之后,
她取得了博士学位。故可推知,
Barbara
McClintock在1927年取得了博士学位。
5.
During
the
great
economic
Depression
in
the
US,
_______.
?
A.
young
female
scientists
had
trouble
finding
a
job
B.
female
geneticists
were
not
wanted
at
all
C.
male
geneticists
were
in
great
demand
D.
male
scientists
were
out
of
job
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段可知,
男科学家能找到工作,
但是女性遗传学家的需求量不大。由此可推知,
年轻的女科学家在经济大萧条时期找工作可能会面临困难。
6.
McClintock
was
awarded
a
Nobel
Prize
because
of
_______.
?
A.
her
research
in
botany
B.
her
contribution
to
genetic
engineering
C.
her
discoveries
about
genes
and
chromosomes
D.
her
unshared
work
in
the
laboratory
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句可知,
Barbara
McClintock因发现基因在染色体上改变位置的能力而于1983年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
7.
The
text
is
likely
to
appear
in
_______.
?
A.
a
biography
B.
a
history
paper
C.
a
newspaper
D.
a
philosophy
textbook
【解析】选A。文章出处题。本文主要讲述了著名女科学家Barbara
McClintock的经历以及她在基因和染色体研究方面取得的重大成就。可知文章可能来自一本人物传记。
Ⅴ.
语法填空
阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·潍坊高一检测)
As
a
five-year-old
girl,
Lin
Qiaozhi
was
deeply
affected
by
her
mother’s
death.
At
the
age
of
18,
instead
of
following
the
1.
___________(tradition)
path
of
marriage,
she
2.
___________(choose)
to
study
medicine.
?
Eight
years
later,
Lin
graduated
with
the
Wenhai
Scholarship,
the
highest
prize
3.
___________(give)to
graduates.
She
became
the
first
woman
ever
to
be
hired
4.
___________
a
resident
physician
in
the
OB-GYN
department
of
PUMC
Hospital
5.
___________(immediate).
Within
six
months,
she
6.
___________(name)
a
chief
resident
physician,
a
position
that
usually
took
four
years
7.
___________(achieve).
After
working
for
a
few
years,
she
was
sent
to
study
in
Europe
and
then
in
the
US.
She
greatly
impressed
her
American
colleagues,
8.
___________invited
her
to
stay.
Dr
Lin,
however,
rejected
the
offer.
?
The
new
People’s
Republic
of
China
saw
Dr
Lin
playing
9.
___________key
role.
She
was
always
responsible
for
the
10.
___________(patient)
and
treated
them
as
her
sisters.
She
was
known
as
the
“mother
of
ten
thousand
babies”.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记。主要讲述了林巧稚医生的经历及为祖国医学作出的贡献。
1.
【解析】traditional。考查形容词。该空修饰名词path,
应用形容词。
2.
【解析】chose。考查时态。根据时间状语At
the
age
of
18可知,
该句应用一般过去时态。
3.
【解析】given。考查非谓语动词。句意:
8年后,
林毕业了,
获得了文海奖学金,
这是授予毕业生的最高奖项。.
.
.
(give)to
graduates作定语,
修饰the
highest
prize,
the
highest
prize和give之间是被动关系,
应用过去分词作定语。
4.
【解析】as。考查介词。句意:
她成为了第一个被聘为北京协和医院妇产科住院医生的女性。根据句意,
该处应填介词as,
意为“作为”。
5.
【解析】immediately。考查副词。该空修饰动词became,
应用副词。
6.
【解析】was
named。考查时态和语态。句意:
不到6个月,
她就被任命为住院总医师,
这一职位通常需要4年时间才能完成。根据上文可知,
该句应用一般过去时态。且主语she和name之间是被动关系,
该句应用被动语态。
7.
【解析】to
achieve。考查非谓语动词。take
time
to
do
sth.
意为“花费时间做某事”,
是固定表达,
故填to
achieve。
8.
【解析】who。考查定语从句。句意:
她给美国同事留下了深刻的印象,
他们邀请她留下来。.
.
.
invited
her
to
stay是非限制性定语从句,
修饰her
American
colleagues,
引导词在从句中作主语,
指人,
应用关系代词who引导该从句。
9.
【解析】a。考查冠词。role是可数名词,
该处指“起重要作用”,
所以前面应用不定冠词。
10.
【解析】patients。考查名词。patient是可数名词,
根据后面的them可知,
该处应用名词复数形式。
微写作
假设某英文网站正在征集读者最崇拜的杰出女性,
请你根据以下提示信息介绍二十世纪杰出的女性之一——海伦·凯勒(Helen
Keller)。内容要点如下:
海伦·凯勒(1880-1968)在19个月大时,
因一次疾病导致双目失明,
双耳失聪。7岁时,
她的父母给她找了一位老师——Miss
Sullivan。由于海伦的坚强意志和智慧(will
and
intelligence),
以及老师的技巧和耐心(skill
and
patience),
她们克服困难,
取得成功。海伦完成了大学教育,
取得了英语文学学位(a
degree
in
English
literature);
此后致力于盲聋儿童的社会工作。
注意:
1.
必须包括所有内容要点,
但不能逐条翻译;
2.
可以适当增加细节,
使内容连贯;
3.
词数100个左右。
核心要点提示
①Helen
Keller
was
one
of
the
greatest
women.
.
.
②With
Helen’s
strong
will.
.
.
③Finally
Helen
received
a
university
degree.
.
.
④Later
on
she
devoted
all
herself
to.
.
.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
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【参考范文】
Helen
Keller
was
one
of
the
greatest
women
in
the
20th
century.
She
was
born
in
1880
and
died
in
1968.
When
she
was
19
months
old,
she
became
blind
and
deaf
because
of
a
serious
illness.
When
she
was
seven,
her
parents
found
a
teacher,
Miss
Sullivan,
for
her.
With
Helen’s
strong
will
and
intelligence,
combined
with
Miss
Sullivan’s
skill
and
patience,
they
overcame
all
the
difficulties.
Finally
Helen
received
a
university
degree
in
English
literature.
Later
on
she
devoted
all
herself
to
social
work
for
the
blind
and
deaf
children.
PAGEUnit
1 Women
of
achievement
单元脉图·素养导引
聆听经典·话题热身
改编自张韶涵《隐形的翅膀》的英文版歌曲Invisible
Wings是由新加坡女歌手Olivia
Ong演唱的。这是一首温暖民谣曲风的歌曲,
无论旋律还是歌词含义,
都给人希望、温暖与安定的力量。?
注:
听音填空
Invisible
Wings
Here
I’m
always
trying
①to
be
strong?
When
I’m
hurt
I
won’t
shed
a
tear
I’d
rather
sing
a
song
I
will
sing
of
a
pair
of
invisible
wings
That
will
take
all
my
fears
away
I
won’t
think
about
what
others
have
that
I
don’t
Coz’
I
see
that
I
desire
to
make
this
path
②my
own?
I’ll
put
on
a
pair
of
invisible
wings
And
it
will
take
me
to
higher
heights
I’ll
take
flight
and
there
I
see
③my
dreams?
They
lay
ahead
(And)
No
longer
will
I
be
afraid
Close
my
eyes
And
I
can
feel
the
winds
beneath
my
wings
It
is
the
voice
that
will
carry
me
through
I
hope
that
I
will
find
myself,
in
④a
better
place?
You
and
I
will
take
this
journey
walking
hand
in
hand
And
I
know
I
have
a
pair
of
invisible
wings
To
guide
me
through
this
race
All
my
hopes
and
dreams
shall
be
everlasting
As
I
take
flight
on
invisible
wings
连读
1.
在同一意群中,
前一词以辅音音素结尾,
后一词以元音音素开头,
在说话或朗读句子时,
习惯上很自然地将这两个音素合拼在一起读出来,
这种语音现象叫连读。例如:
shed
a
tear。
2.
还有一种连读叫/r/连读。在短语或句子中,
前一词以-r或-re结尾,
后一词以元音音素开头时,
可将/r/与后面的元音拼读。例如:
a
pair
of。
注意:
连读现象只出现在意群内部,
意群与意群之间的两个相邻单词即使符合上面所讲的两个条件,
也不连读。
【即时训练】
听音频回答问题,
并辨别对话中的连读。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
1.
What
did
the
scientists
do
to
the
road?
A.
They
repaired
it.
B.
They
painted
it.
C.
They
blocked
it.
2.
Why
are
young
birds
drawn
to
the
road
surface?
A.
It’s
warm.
B.
It’s
brown.
C.
It’s
smooth.
3.
What
is
the
purpose
of
the
scientists’
experiment?
A.
To
keep
the
birds
there
for
a
whole
year.
B.
To
help
students
study
the
birds
well.
C.
To
prevent
the
birds
from
being
killed.
答案:
1～3.
BAC
【听力原文】
W:
Here
is
a
piece
of
news
for
bird
lovers.
Scientists
have
painted
a
long
road
red,
yellow,
and
white.
They
hope
to
discourage
the
seabirds
from
wandering
onto
the
highway.
“The
area
is
home
to
large
crowds
of
birds
that
come
out
to
stay
for
the
season.
Young
birds
are
often
attracted
to
the
warm
road
surface
and
get
killed
by
the
traffic,
”biology
student
Hannah
tells
the
broadcaster.
The
youngsters’
feathers
are
brown
in
color.
The
dark-colored
road
surface
makes
the
youngsters
hard
to
be
noticed.
As
the
number
of
tourists
has
grown,
so
has
the
amount
of
traffic
on
the
roads.
Biologist
Kristin
says
the
plan
is
to
see
how
the
birds
respond
to
the
multi-colored
road
this
summer.
And
if
it
works,
the
idea
could
spread
to
other
parts
of
the
country.
译文:
《隐形的翅膀》
我一直尝试着让自己坚强
当我受伤时我也绝不流泪
我用歌声代替泪水
唱出隐形的翅膀
带走所有的惧怕
我不去羡慕别人有什么
因为我要创造自己的价值
我会戴上一双隐形的翅膀
它会带我飞得越来越高
我将要飞翔,
飞向我的梦想
它们就在前方
我不会害怕
闭上双眼
我可以感觉到我的翅膀在飞翔
有个声音陪伴着我渡过难关
我希望我可以找到自己,
在一个更美好的地方
你我将携手同行
我知道我有一双隐形的翅膀
带我飞过绝望
我的梦想会永不磨灭
我将和隐形的翅膀一起飞翔
PAGE
