选修6
Unit
1 Art
晨背分钟
填词并背记
Abstract
Art
Abstract
art
used
to
be
controversial.
On
one
hand,
the
artists
stopped
painting
delicate
figures
but
attempted
to
adopt
special
techniques
to
give
people
different
visual
impacts.
On_the_other_hand,_their
works,
including
sculptures
carved
out
of
marble
or
fragile
clay,_were
all
with
a
specific
aim
of
showing
feelings.
Some
conventional
scholars
who
were
allergic_to
abstract
art
said
it
was
evidently
ridiculous
and
neither
art
nor
geometry.
Their
Traditional
Art
Committee
predicted
its
soon
disappearing.
But
nowadays,
abstract
art
has
become
part
of
the
permanent
possessions
of
contemporary
civilization.
Galleries
along
the
Madison
Avenue
give
scores
of
superb
exhibitions
on
typical
abstract
works,
appealing_to
many
who
have_a_preference_for
abstract
art.
The
Shadow
of
Egypt,_a
café
in
this
district,_has
become
the
home
to
those
aggressive
abstract
artists.
Consequently,_it
is
not
a
coincidence
for
you
to
meet
one
of
these
artists
of
great
reputation
in_the_flesh.
They
are
asked
for
signatures
and
given
bunches
of
fragrant
flowers
and
they
are
given
a_great_deal
of
praise
by
their
faithful
fans.
抽象艺术
抽象艺术曾经颇受争议。一方面，抽象艺术家们不再画精致的画像，而是试图采用特别的技巧给人们以不同的视觉冲击；另一方面，他们的作品，包括用大理石和易碎的黏土雕刻出来的雕像，都以表达感情为其明确的目的。有些对抽象艺术反感的传统学者说抽象艺术是极其明显地荒谬可笑，说它既不是艺术，又不是几何学。他们的传统艺术委员会还预言了它会迅速消失。
但是到了今天，抽象艺术已经成为当代文明永久财产的一部分。麦蒂逊大道的画廊为典型的抽象艺术作品举办了许多出色的展览，吸引了许多对抽象艺术有偏爱的人。这个地区有家叫埃及之影的咖啡馆已经成为那些有进取精神的抽象艺术家们活动的根据地。所以，亲眼见到一位名声极大的艺术家本人并不是什么巧合的事。他们被忠实的崇拜者索取签名，并被给予成束的芬芳花朵和大量的赞扬。
1．faith
(n.)
信任；信心；信念→faithful
(adj.)
忠实的→faithfully
(adv.)
忠实地
2．consequently
(adv.)
所以；因而→consequent
(adj.)
作为结果的；随之发生的→consequence
(n.)
结果；影响；后果
3．typical
(adj.)
典型的；有代表性的→type
(n.)
种类；类型
(v.)
打字
4．evident
(adj.)
明显的；明白的→evidence
(n.)
证据
5．technique
(n.)
技术；方法；技能→technical
(adj.)
技术的；技艺的；与技术有关的
6．coincidence
(n.)
巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合→coincident
(adj.)
巧合的
7．predict
(vt.)
预言；预告；预测→prediction
(n.)
预言；预测→predictable
(adj.)
可预见的→predictor
(n.)
预言者；预报器
8．exhibition
(n.)
展览；陈列；展览会→exhibit
(vt.&
vi.)
展览
9．preference
(n.)
喜爱；偏爱→prefer
(vt.)
宁愿；更喜欢
10．civilization
(n.)
文明；文化；文明社会→civilize
(vt.)
使文明；使开化→civilized
(adj.)
文明的；开化的
11．visual
(adj.)
视觉的；看得见的→vision
(n.)
视力；视觉；想象→visually
(adv.)
视觉上；外观上
12．signature
(n.)
署名；签字→sign
(v.)
签名
13．lead
to
引向；通往；导致
14．break
away
from
逃脱；摆脱；脱离
15．be
up
to
sb.
由某人决定
16．be
fond
of
喜欢
17．by
coincidence
巧合地
18．every
two
years
每两年
19．a
great
deal
大量
20．be
well
worth
a
visit
很值得一观
重点知识分钟
aim
n.
目标；目的 vt.&
vi.
瞄准；(向某方向)努力(P2)
(1)单句语法填空①They
went
to
Hainan
the
aim
of
relaxation.②Ann
was
wandering
along
the
street
(aim)
when
she
heard
someone
calling
her
name
from
the
other
side
of
the
street.③When
the
teacher
said
that
there
was
a
lazy
boy
in
the
class,
he
(aim)
at
John.④The
actions
(aim)
at
fixing
the
global
economic
crisis
and
problems
that
led
to
it.答案：①with ②aimlessly ③was
aiming ④are/were
aimed(2)单句写作其中一项活动是每隔一周的英语角，其目的是提高英语口语，同时交很多朋友。One
of
the
activities
is
the
English
Corner
every
other
week,
your
spoken
English,
as
well
as
make
a
lot
of
friends.答案：aiming
to
improve
(1)achieve
one's
aim
达到目的；实现目标take
aim
at
把目标对准……with
the
aim
of
带着……目的；意在……take
aim
瞄准(2)aim
(sth.)
at
sb./sth.
使(某物)朝向/瞄准某人/某物aim
at
doing
sth./aim
to
do
sth.
意欲、企图、力求做某事be
aimed
at
＝be
intended
for
目的是；旨在(3)aimless
adj.
没有方向的，无目的的(4)aimlessly
adv.
无目的地；没有方向地
adopt
vt.
采用；采纳；收养(P2)
(1)单句语法填空①Without
the
(adopt)
of
your
ideas,
they
would
have
suffered
such
a
heavy
loss.②It
is
said
that
the
teacher
(adopt)
our
suggestion.答案：①adoption ②has
adopted(2)用adopt/adapt的适当形式填空①When
they
moved
to
France,
the
children
easily
to
living
in
the
new
place.②It
has
not
been
decided
which
plan
to
be
，
and
therefore
we
have
no
choice
but
to
wait.答案：①adapted ②adopted
(1)adopt
an
idea/a
suggestion
采纳意见/建议adopt
an
approach/a
policy/an
attitude
采取方法/政策/态度adopt
an
orphan
收养一名孤儿(2)adopted
adj.
被收养的；被采用的(3)adoption
n.
采纳；采用；收养[名师点津] adopt的形近词adapt，adapt意为“改编；使适应”。
possession
n.
(尤作复数)所有；财产(P2)
单句语法填空①As
the
saying
goes,
“A
true
friend
is
the
best
(possess).”②Although
he
doesn't
possess
much
money,
he
is
(possess)
of
good
health.③We've
already
bought
the
house
but
we
won't
take
(possess)
of
it
until
next
month.④Happiness
lies
not
in
mere
possession
of
money.答案：①possession ②possessed ③possession ④the
(1)take/have/get/gain
possession
of
拥有；占有in
possession_of
拥有；占有in
the_possession_of
sb.＝in
sb.'s
possession
为某人所有；归某人所有(2)possess
vt.
拥有；具有；支配be
possessed
of
拥有(某种品质或能力等)[名师点津] in
possession
of表主动，意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为人；in
the
possession
of表被动，意为“被……占有”，主语通常为物。类似的短语还有：in
charge
of
...
“负责……，掌管……”，in
the
charge
of
...
“由……负责”；in
control
of
...
“控制……”，in
the
control
of
“被……控制”。
attempt
n.
努力；尝试；企图 vt.
尝试；企图(P3)
(1)单句语法填空①Scientists
think
they
have
broken
through
in
their
attempt
(find)
the
causes
of
many
major
diseases.②The
fisherman
was
put
into
prison
last
night,
charged
with
(attempt)
murder.③You'd
better
take
account
of
your
ability
accurately
before
(attempt)
to
do
such
a
business.答案：①to
find ②attempted ③attempting(2)用attempt/manage的适当形式填空①He
to
escape
from
the
prison,
but
he
couldn't
find
anybody
to
help
him.②She
to
come
to
terms
with
her
pain
and
waited
patiently
for
her
doctor
to
come.答案：①attempted ②managed
(1)attempt
sth.
尝试某事；企图(做)某事attempt/try/intend
to
do
sth.
努力/试图做某事(2)make
an
attempt
to
do/at
doing
...
尝试做……at
the
first
attempt
第一次尝试in
an
attempt
尝试……(3)attempted
adj.
未遂的；企图的[名师点津]
figure
n.
数字；身材；画像 vt.
计算；认为；描绘(P4)
(1)写出下列句中figure的含义①These
figures
are
not
consistent
with
the
results
obtained
in
previous
experiments. ②I
could
see
a
figure
in
the
distance,
but
I
couldn't
make
out
who
it
was. ③His
political
activity
made
him
a
powerful
figure
in
Russian
culture. 答案：①数字 ②人影 ③人物(2)单句写作①经常锻炼帮助我们强身健体、保持身材。Regular
exercise
helps
us
get
into
shape
and
.②孩子们没有花很长时间就算出了正确答案。It
didn't
take
the
children
long
to
the
correct
answer.③他们花了约一周的时间才搞清楚如何操作这台机器。It
took
them
about
one
week
to
how
to
operate
the
machine.答案：①keep
our
figure ②figure
out ③figure
out
(1)keep
one's
figure
保持体形/身材a_political
figure
一位政治人物watch_one's
figure
注意保持身材have_a_good
figure
拥有好身材(2)figure
on
打算；预料到；计划figure
out
解决；计算出；弄明白
a
great
deal
大量，许多(P2)
(1)单句语法填空①In
the
past
five
years
a
great
deal
of
money
(spend)
improving
the
environment
of
the
school.②Only
when
a
great
deal
(much)
information
has
been
obtained
will
it
be
possible
to
plan
a
manned
trip
to
Mars.答案：①has
been
spent ②more(2)单句写作①警方收集到了大量关于该组织的有用信息。The
police
gained
useful
information
about
the
organization.②由于长时间没有收到儿子的信，母亲非常焦急。Not
having
heard
from
her
son
for
a
long
time,
the
mother
got
worried
.③在参观的过程中，我们在我们参观的所有地方都学到了很多东西。In
the
course
of
our
trip,
we
have
learned
in
all
the
places
we
visited.④这次的改变可能是有限的，但是总比一点没有改善好很多。The
changes
this
time
may
be
limited,
but
they
are
than
no
movement
at
all.答案：①a
great
deal
of ②a
great
deal ③a
great
deal ④a
great
deal
better
(1)a
great/good
deal
(名词短语)“大量；许多”，作主语、宾语。(2)a
great/good
deal
(副词短语)“大量地；非常多地”，修饰动词或比较级。(3)a
great/good
deal
of修饰不可数名词，表示“大量的；非常多的”。(4)修饰不可数名词的还有：a
large
amount
of,
large
amounts
of等。[名师点津] 常用于修饰比较级的词还有much,
rather,
a
lot,
a
little,
a
bit,
even,
still,
by
far等。如：Her
novel
was
a
great
deal/by
far
better
than
that
of
any
other
writer
in
the
city.
她的小说比那个城市的其他作家写的小说好得多。
on
the
other
hand
(可是)另一方面(P3)
单句写作①一方面，我想出去吃饭，但另一方面，我又该省钱。On
the
one
hand
I'd
like
to
eat
out,
but
，
I
should
be
trying
to
save
money.②为了提高你的英语水平，第一，你应该多听；第二，你应该多读。
your
English,
，
you
should
listen
more;
，
you
should
read
more.③我不买这东西；一是我不喜欢这颜色，二是太贵了。I'm
not
going
to
buy
it;
I
don't
like
the
color,
and
for
another
it's
far
too
expensive.答案：①on
the
other
hand ②To
improve;
first(ly);
second(ly) ③for
one
thing
(1)on_(the)_one_hand
...;
on
the
other
hand
...
一方面……；(可是)另一方面……(2)for
one
thing
...;
for_another_(thing)
...
首先/一则……；其次/二则……(3)first(ly)
...;
second(ly)
...
第一……；第二……
appeal
to
(对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；(向某人)呼吁(P6)
(1)单句语法填空①The
drivers
whose
cars
had
crashed
appealed
help
from
passing
motorists.②They
appealed
the
graduates
in
the
whole
department
to
go
to
work
in
the
places
where
conditions
are
tough.③
(appeal)
as
the
ad
is,
the
product
doesn't
work
so
well
as
it
advertises.④
(appeal)
to
the
consumers,
more
and
more
advertisers
are
using
images
of
pop
stars
in
their
ads.答案：①for ②to ③Appealing ④To
appeal(2)一句多译作者向我们呼吁要对动物更加友好。①The
author
be
more
kind
to
animals.(appeal
v．)②The
author
be
more
kind
to
animals.(appeal
n．)答案：①appeals
to
us
to ②makes
an
appeal
to
us
to
(1)appeal
to
sb.
对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣appeal
to
sb.
for
sth./to
do
sth.
向某人呼吁/恳求某人做某事appeal
for
恳求；呼吁(2)make
an
appeal
to
sb.
for
sth.
为某事向某人呼吁或请求make
an
appeal
to
sb.
to
do
sth.
呼吁/恳求某人做某事(3)appealing
adj.
吸引人的
Without
the
new
paints
and
the
new
technique,
we
would
not
be
able
to
see
the
many
great
masterpieces
for
which
this
period
is
famous.(P2)
(1)单句语法填空①
their
outstanding
contributions
and
commitment,
we
couldn't
have
achieved
this
milestone.②We
expressed
our
thanks
to
the
local
council,
without
whose
help
this
meeting
couldn't
(hold)
on
time.③But
for
your
timely
help,
I
(finish)
the
work
on
time.答案：①Without ②have
been
held ③couldn't
have
finished(2)句型转换①Without
air,
man
couldn't
exist
on
the
earth.
→If
air,
man
couldn't
exist
on
the
earth.②Without
your
ticket,
I
wouldn't
be
able
to
go
to
the
concert
tomorrow.→If
your
ticket,
I
wouldn't
be
able
to
go
to
the
concert
tomorrow.③Without
your
help,
I
would
have
failed
the
exam
last
week.→If
your
help,
I
would
have
failed
the
exam
last
week.答案：①it
were
not
for ②it
were
not
for ③it
hadn't
been
for
(1)此句中without引导的介词短语是一个暗含的非真实条件，相当于if
it
were
not
for/if
it
had
not
been
for
...，意为“若不是，要不是”，其意义和用法与but
for相同，句子用虚拟语气。(2)除without和but
for之外，可引导暗含的非真实条件的还有otherwise,_but等。
This
is
because
the
Impressionists
encouraged
artists
to
look
at
their
environment
in
new
ways.(P3)
单句写作①从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约71%的部分被水覆盖着。From
space,
the
earth
looks
blue.
about
seventy?one
percent
of
its
surface
is
covered
by
water.②那就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水胜过深水。
fish
prefer
shallow
water
to
deep
water.③她必须待在家里的原因是不得不照顾生病的母亲。
she
must
stay
at
home
she
has
to
look
after
her
sick
mother.答案：①This
is
because ②That
is
why ③The
reason
why;
is
that
This
is
because
...
这是因为……(强调原因，because用来引导表语从句)That's
why
...
那就是为什么……(强调结果)The
reason
why
...
is
that
...
……的原因是……(why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句)
课文语法填空分钟
As
is
known
to
all,
art
1
(influence)
by
the
customs
and
faith
of
a
people.
Styles
in
Western
art
have
changed
many
times.
In
the
5th
century,
the
art
of
the
Middle
Ages
came
into
being
and
the
main
aim
of
2
(paint)
was
to
represent
religious
themes.
3
a
result,
some
pictures
at
this
time
were
full
of
religious
symbols,
4
(create)
a
feeling
of
respect
and
love
for
God.
During
the
Renaissance,
people
began
to
concentrate
5
(little)
on
religious
themes
and
adopt
a
more
humanistic
attitude
6
life.
In
the
late
19th
century,
among
the
painters
who
broke
away
from
the
traditional
style
of
painting
were
the
Impressionists.
And
they
were
the
first
painters
7
(paint)
outdoors.
Paintings
can
reflect
the
8
(develop)
of
civilization,
and
it
is
interesting
to
predict
9
styles
of
paintings
there
will
be
in
the
future.
10
not
try
to
visit
some
art
galleries
to
appreciate
different
styles
of
paintings？
▲come
into
being
形成，产生
▲among
the
painters
...
were
the
Impressionists
本句为介词短语位于句首时引起的完全倒装句式。
①表示方位和时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6． 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.is
influenced 2.painters 3.As 4.creating 5.less 6.to/towards 7.to
paint 8.development 9.what 10.Why,②当作表语的形容词、分词提到系动词前面时，句子也要全部倒装，构成“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。
▲it
is
interesting
to
predict
...
为“it
be＋形容词＋不定式”结构
随堂检测分钟
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．As
for
diet,
Michael
Jackson
chooses
vegetables
and
fruit
in
(prefer)
to
any
kind
of
meat.
答案：preference
2．This
is
an
animal
that
is
specific
this
part
of
Africa.
答案：to
3．The
animal
welfare
organizations
provide
care
and
(adopt)
for
homeless
or
abused
animals.
答案：adoption
4．A
great
deal
of
progress
(make)
over
the
last
several
decades
in
health,
education
and
peace.
答案：has
been
made
5．My
father
encouraged
me
in
painting,
but
he
never
loved
to
see
any
of
my
works
(exhibit)
in
public.
答案：exhibited
6．These
animals
(typical)
live
in
the
tropical
forests.
答案：typically
7．In
the
far
south
(lie)
Stewart
Island,
the
third
largest
of
New
Zealand's
many
smaller
islands.
答案：lies
8．
(attempt)
to
change
someone
else's
attitude
towards
life
is
a
waste
of
time
and
energy.
答案：Attempting
9．Starting
your
own
business
could
be
a
way
to
achieve
financial
independence.
the
other
hand,
it
could
just
put
you
in
debt.
答案：On
10．And
(that)
why
they
pushed
us
to
be
the
best
that
we
could
be.
答案：that's
Ⅱ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．我有很多业余爱好，其中包括艺术。(hobby)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：I
have
many
hobbies,
including
art.
2．上周日，我去了我市新建的画廊。(gallery)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：Last
Sunday,
I
went
to
the
newly?built
gallery
in
our
city.
3．在那里，我欣赏了很多著名的雕塑和绘画。(sculpture)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：There
I
appreciated
many
famous
sculptures
and
paintings.
4．它们都深深地吸引了我，但我不知道那些创造者是如何做到的。(appeal
to)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：They
all
appealed
to
me
deeply,
but
I
had
no
idea
how
the
creators
made
it.
5．通过这次参观，我加深了对艺术的理解，学到了很多东西。(a
great
deal)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：Through
this
visit,
not
only
did
I
deepen
the
understanding
of
art,
but
I
also
learned
a
great
deal.
6．从那以后，我打算多了解一下西方艺术。(Western
art)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：From
then
on,
I
decided
to
learn
more
about
Western
art.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：I
have
many
hobbies,
including
art.
Last
Sunday,
I
went
to
the
newly?built
gallery
in
our
city,
where
I
appreciated
many
famous
sculptures
and
paintings.
They
all
appealed
to
me
deeply,
but
I
had
no
idea
how
the
creators
made
it.
Through
this
visit,
not
only
did
I
deepen
the
understanding
of
art,
but
I
also
learned
a
great
deal.
From
then
on,
I
decided
to
learn
more
about
Western
art.
单元拓能训练
单元话题写作——应用文
假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校。他熟悉中国文化，特别是戏曲文化。8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》。请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。
1．提出邀请并简述原因；
2．提出观剧后活动建议(如参观附近的博物馆等)；
3．请求对方回复。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：越剧Shaoxing
Opera；《梁山伯与祝英台》
Butterfly
Lovers；天津大剧院
Tianjin
Grand
Theater
[精彩范文]
Dear
Chris，
I
have
good
news
to
tell
you.
A
famous
Shaoxing
Opera,
Butterfly
Lovers,
will
be
put
on
in
newly?built
Tianjin
Grand
Theater
at
2：00
pm
on
August
the
fifth.
I
would
like
to
invite
you
to
watch
it
together.
I
know
that
you
are
familiar
with
Chinese
culture,
especially
the
local
operas.
I
hope
this
opportunity
will
not
only
make
you
happy,
but
also
satisfy
your
interest
in
Chinese
operas.
If
you
can
come,
I
suggest
we
should
pay
a
visit
to
the
Museum
of
the
Traditional
Opera
near
the
theater
after
the
opera,
where
you
can
know
the
history
of
many
Chinese
operas
to
increase
your
knowledge
about
traditional
Chinese
operas.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply
at
your
earliest
convenience.
Yours，
Li
Jin
PAGEUnit
2 Poems
晨背分钟
填词并背记
A
Russian
Poem
Since
childhood,
Anton
had
often
recited
poems,
accompanied
by
pianists
and
violinists,_at
wedding
ceremonies
before
brides
and
bridegrooms
exchanged
rings.
Gradually,
he
found
writing
poems
the
most
appropriate
way
to
convey
his
joy
and
sorrow.
When
his
poem
Contradictory
Blank
won
him
a
national
championship
and
a
scholarship
to
the
Moscow
University
from
a
sponsor,_he
was
just
an
unknown
librarian.
After
getting
his
diploma,_he
devoted
his
life
to
writing
poems.
Using
concrete
but
flexible
language
and
the
minimum
of
words
is
his
style.
He
tried_out
different
patterns
and
preferred
nursery
rhyme
in_particular.
The
following
is
a
translation
of
one
of
his
works
made_up_of
3
sections:
Little
sparrow
with
heavy
load,_ran_out_of
energy
and
very
cold;
No
compass
and
all
sweat
salty;_Can
you
go
through
the
endless
darkness?
Little
balloon
let_out
by
the
thread,
Flew
over
cottages
and
was
very
glad;
With
warmth
transformed
from
sunlight,
he
said
he
could
forever
fly;
Take_it_easy,_little
balloon;
Don't
tease
the
sparrow
with
his
wound;
On
the
bare
branch
and
have
a
rest;
This
diamond
heart
will
eventually
get
success.
一首俄国童谣
从童年时起，安东就常常在钢琴师或小提琴师的伴奏下在婚礼上朗诵诗歌，为新郎新娘交换戒指前的仪式助兴。渐渐地，他发现写诗是表达他的欢乐和悲伤的最合适方式。在他还是个寂寂无闻的图书管理员时，他的诗《矛盾的空白》就获得了全国诗歌创作冠军，并为他赢得一位赞助人提供的奖学金，到莫斯科大学深造。获得文凭后，他将一生都投入到诗歌创作中。使用具体而灵活的语言和最少的词语数量是他的风格。他还喜欢尝试不同的诗歌形式，特别是童谣。下面由三部分组成的译文就是他的作品中的一首：
小麻雀，负重担， 小气球，脱绳系， 别紧张，小气球
筋疲力尽挡风寒， 飞越农舍真高兴， 别笑麻雀伤口留，
汗水成盐无指引， 阳光给予它温暖， 光光的树梢歇片刻，
能否穿越无边暗？ 永远高飞不费力； 恒(钻石)心终把成功求。
1．poetry
(n.)
诗(总称)；诗意→poet
(n.)
诗人→poem
(n.)
诗；韵文
2．concrete
(adj.)
具体的→abstract
(反义词)
(adj.)
抽象的
3．contradictory
(adj.)
引起矛盾的；好反驳的→contradict
(vt.)
反驳；与……发生矛盾→contradiction
(n.)
抵触；矛盾；反驳
4．flexible
(adj.)
灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的→flexibly
(adv.)
灵活地
5．salty
(adj.)
含盐的；咸的→salt
(n.)
盐
6．endless
(adj.)
无穷的；无止境的→end
(v.&
n．)
结束；终止→ending
(n.)
结尾；结局
7．minimum
(n.)
最低限度；最少量；最小数→maximum
(反义词)
(n.)
最大限度；最大量；最大数
8．translation
(n.)
翻译；译文→translate
(v.)
翻译→translator
(n.)
翻译者；译者
9．sorrow
(n.)
悲伤；悲痛；懊悔→sorrowful
(adj.)
悲伤的
10．bare
(adj.)
赤裸的；光秃的；稀少的
(n.)
最基本的要素→barely
(adv.)
仅仅；几乎不
11．appropriate
(adj.)
适当的；正当的→appropriately
(adv.)
适当地；正当地
12．warmth
(n.)
暖和；温暖→warm
(adj.)
暖和的→warmly
(adv.)
温暖地；热烈地
13．stay
up
熬夜
14．hold
on
坚持；别挂断
15．be
popular
with
受……欢迎
16．make
sense
有意义；讲得通
重点知识分钟
convey
vt.
传达；运送(P10)
单句语法填空①Please
convey
my
thanks
your
parents.②Our
every
emotion
and
mood
can
(convey)
with
the
use
of
facial
expressions
and
body
language.③They
took
a
more
reasonable
approach,
(convey)
to
their
children
how
success
at
school
could
improve
their
lives.答案：①to ②be
conveyed ③conveying
(1)convey
sth.
to
sb.
向某人表达/传递某事物convey
sb./sth.
from
A
to
B
把某人/某物从A地运送到B地convey
one's
appreciation
to
sb.
for
sth.
因某事向某人表示感谢convey
one's
feelings/meanings/sorrow
表达某人的感情/意思/难过(2)conveyor
n.
传送者；传输装置
branch
n.
枝条；支流；部门 vi.
分岔；改道(P11)
(1)单句语法填空①The
company's
head
office
is
in
the
city,
but
it
has
(branch)
all
over
the
country.②Go
straight
along
and
you'll
find
the
road
that
branches
to
the
right.答案：①branches ②off(2)单句写作马克需要学习汉语，因为他的公司要在北京开设一个分公司。Mark
needs
to
learn
Chinese
since
his
company
is
opening
in
Beijing.答案：a
branch
branch
off
分岔；分支branch
out
into
(doing)
sth.
涉足新工作；拓展(新业务)[图解助记]
transform
vt.&
vi.
转化；转换；改造；变换(P11)
单句语法填空①Their
efforts
have
transformed
the
bald
hill
one
covered
with
green
trees
all
over.②Computers
(transform)
how
we
learn,
giving
kids
everywhere
a
window
into
all
of
the
world's
knowledge.③Every
moment
of
every
day,
energy
(transform)
from
one
form
into
another.④
(transform)
into
a
frog
by
the
witch
(巫婆),
the
prince
was
driven
out
of
the
castle.答案：①into ②have
transformed ③is
being
transformed ④Transformed
(1)transform
...
into
...
把……转换成……transform
into
转变成；改造为be
transformed
from
...
into
...
由……变成……(2)transformation
n.
改变；转变；变革
exchange
n.
交换；交流；互换 vt.&
vi.
交换；调换(P13)
单句语法填空①Would
you
like
to
exchange
places
me?
I
don't
think
you're
comfortable
in
that
seat.②Can
you
tell
me
where
I
can
exchange
my
American
money
foreign
money?③It's
ridiculous
to
waste
time
(exchange)
words
with
such
a
man.④
(exchange)
gifts
and
sending
Christmas
cards
are
the
modern
ways
of
celebrating
Christmas
in
the
world.答案：①with ②for ③exchanging ④Exchanging
(1)make
an
exchange
交换in
exchange
for
...
作为交换……(2)exchange
sth.
with
sb.
与某人交换某物exchange
A
for
B把A换成Bexchange
ideas
交流思想[名师点津] exchange和change作动词时，前者强调双方交换，而后者则强调事物的属性或位置的改变。
load
n.
负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的) vt.&
vi.
装载；给……负荷；加重(P16)
(1)单句语法填空①It's
not
easy
to
load
so
many
goods
the
truck
in
such
a
short
time.②Knowing
that
they
had
arrived
safely
took
a
load
my
mind.③A
plane,
(load)
with
passengers,
was
flying
across
the
country
when
one
of
the
engines
caught
fire.④Standing
on
the
bank,
the
children
watched
the
ship
being
loaded
all
kinds
of
goods.答案：①onto/into ②off ③loaded ④with(2)用load的相关词汇或短语完成句子It
is
a
heavy
for
him
to
support
a
family
of
five.
So
he
has
to
do
things,
and
trucks
and
so
on.
Luckily
his
two
sons
have
found
jobs,
which
has
.答案：load;
loads
of/a
load
of;
loading;
unloading;
taken
a
load
off
his
mind
(1)take
a
load
off
one's
mind
卸下重担；如释重负a
load
of＝loads
of
大量；许多(2)load
sth.
with
...
用……装载某物load
sth.
into/onto
...
把某物装到……里/上be
loaded
with
装满；充满(3)unload
vt.&
vi.
(从车上)卸货overload
vt.&
n.
超载upload/download
vt.
上传/下载
take
it
easy
轻松；不紧张；从容(P10)
(1)单句语法填空①When
people
ask
you
to
do
something,
you
should
take
it
(serious).②Some
of
us
always
take
for
granted
that
our
parents
or
grandparents
should
take
care
of
us.答案：①seriously ②it(2)用take相关短语的适当形式填空①—I'm
sorry
I
made
a
mistake!— .
Nobody
is
perfect.②There's
no
rush— .答案：①Take
it
easy ②take
your
time
take
one's
time
别着急；慢慢来take
sth.
seriously
重视某事；严肃对待某事take
it
for
granted
that
...
认为……理所当然take
...
for
...
(误)认为take
a
chance/risk
冒险
run
out
of
用完；用尽(主语是人)；从……跑出去(P10)
(1)用run相关短语的适当形式填空①The
policemen
are
a
prisoner
who
escaped
last
night.②If
you
travel
alone
in
the
forest,
you
may
danger.③By
that
time
his
patience
had
completely
.
④She
an
old
friend
of
hers
on
the
way
to
the
station.答案：①running
after ②run
into ③run
out ④ran
across(2)用run
out
of/run
out/give
out/use
up的适当形式填空①We'd
better
buy
some
salt
before
we
it
.②We
should
find
a
different
way
to
make
sure
that
we
don't
the
office
necessities.③If
we
keep
using
the
water
like
this,
it
will
soon
.④I
can't
go
further
any
longer.
My
strength
has
.答案：①use;
up ②run
out
of ③run
out ④given
out
(1)run
out
(某物)耗尽run
away
逃跑；跑开run
across
偶然碰见run
after
追赶；追逐run
into
遭遇；碰到；遇上(2)in
the
long/short
run
从长远/短期来看(run为名词)[易混辨析]run
out
of及物动词短语，主语一般为人，表示主动意义run
out不及物动词短语，主语一般是物(时间、金钱、食物等)，相当于give
outgive
out不及物动词短语，也可以表示人的力气用完或者人筋疲力尽use
up及物动词短语，相当于run
out
of
let
out突然发出(大的声音)；散场；出租；放走；放宽(衣服)(P16)
单句写作①电影什么时候散场？When
does
the
movie
？②我指望你支持我呢，别让我失望。I'm
counting
on
you
to
support
me,
so
don't
.③他连温饱都无法解决，更不用说娱乐了。He
doesn't
have
enough
money
for
food,
amusements.答案：①let
out ②let
me
down ③let
alone
let
sb.
down
让某人失望let
sb./sth.
in
让某人/某物进来let
alone
更不用说；更谈不上let
...
out
of
...
把……从……放出来/让……从……出来
Some
rhyme
(like
B)
while
others
do
not
(like
C).(P10)
写出下列句中while的含义①While
we
were
eating,
Kurt
asked
me,
“John,
what
is
your
plan
for
personal
growth？” ②While
she
is
a
lovely
girl,
she
can
be
extremely
difficult
to
work
with
sometimes. ③While
there
is
life,
there
is
hope. ④She
likes
to
lie
down
for
a
while
after
lunch. 答案：①当……的时候 ②尽管；虽然 ③只要 ④一段时间；一会儿
句中while用作并列连词，表示前后分句的对比，相当于whereas，译作“然而；可是”。此外，while还有其他含义。(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时；和……同时”。(2)引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，意为“尽管；虽然”，比although或though语气轻。(3)引导条件状语从句，相当于as
long
as，意为“只要”。(4)while用作名词，意为“一会儿；一段时间”。
Should
the
traveller
return,
this
stone
would
utter
speech.(P11)
(1)单句语法填空①
he
taken
my
advice,
he
would
not
have
made
such
a
mistake.②
(be)
there
no
air
or
water,
there
would
be
no
living
things
on
the
earth.③If
the
weather
(be)
fine
the
day
before
yesterday,
we
would
have
gone
for
a
picnic.答案：①Had ②Were ③had
been(2)单句写作贝蒂一个人去了敬老院。如果她邀请我，我会和她一起去。Betty
went
to
the
nursing
home
alone.
If
she
had
invited
me
then,
I
with
her.答案：would
have
gone
(1)句中Should
the
traveller
return是虚拟条件句的倒装结构，相当于If
the
traveller
should
return，是对将来的情形进行假设的虚拟语气。(2)当if引导的虚拟条件句中有had,
were,
should时，可将if省去，将had,
were,
should提前，构成倒装语序。(3)虚拟语气用于非真实条件句中，如果表示与过去的情形相反的假设，即假设一个与过去事实相反的条件，在条件句中，谓语动词用过去完成式，主句用could/would/might/should＋have＋done。
课文语法填空分钟
Some
poems
tell
a
story
or
describe
something
in
a
way
that
will
give
the
reader
a
strong
1
(impress).
Others
try
to
convey
certain
emotions.
Poets
use
many
different
forms
of
poetry
to
express
2
(they).
For
example,
the
language
of
nursery
rhymes
3
(be)
concrete
but
imaginative,
and
they
delight
small
children
because
the
rhyme.
It
has
strong
rhythm
and
a
lot
of
repetition.
And
list
poems
have
4
flexible
line
length
and
5
(repeat)
phrases
which
give
both
a
pattern
and
a
rhythm
to
the
poem.
Another
simple
form
of
poem
is
the
cinquain,
6
is
made
up
of
five
lines
and
can
convey
a
strong
picture
in
just
a
few
words.
Haiku
is
a
Japanese
form
of
poetry
that
7
(make)
up
of
17
syllables.
And
8
course
there
are
Tang
poems
from
China
which
you
may
enjoy
in
particular.
With
so
many
different
forms
of
poetry
9
(choose)
from,
students
may
10
(eventual)
want
to
write
poems
of
their
own.
1． 2. 3. 4. 5.
6． 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.impression 2.themselves 3.is 4.a 5.repeated
6．which 7.is
made 8.of 9.to
choose 10.eventually
▲some
...;
others
...
意为“一些……；一些……”，为写作中的常用句式结构。
▲way作先行词引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语时关系词有三种：in
which/that/省略；若从句中缺主语或宾语，常用that或which。
▲句中的“with
so
many
different
forms
of
poetry
to
choose
from”为with的复合结构，在句中作状语，表示原因。with的复合结构还可表时间、方式、伴随等。
with的复合结构的常见形式：
with＋宾语＋
随堂检测分钟
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
question
is
whether
they
are
sure
their
heart
(load)
with
love
will
bring
good
to
their
children.
答案：loaded
2．In
everyday
communication,
information
(convey)
by
gestures
is
often
misinterpreted.
答案：conveyed
3．It
is
not
appropriate
me
to
discuss
that
now.
答案：for
4．Some
students
feel
that
(exchange)
gifts
can
make
more
friends
and
expand
their
network
of
friends.
答案：exchanging
5．It
is
a
surprise
that
the
faraway
village
(transform)
into
a
famous
tourist
city
in
only
ten
years.
答案：has
been
transformed
6．
his
sorrow,
his
grandfather
died
in
a
car
accident
yesterday.
答案：To
7．What's
more,
reading
brings
us
not
only
(end)
fun
but
also
opportunities.
答案：endless
8．English
is
one
of
the
(branch)
of
Germanic
family
of
languages.
答案：branches
9．We
had
many
difficulties
at
first,
but
(eventual)
we
succeeded.
答案：eventually
10．We
should
use
our
schedule
(flexible)
to
balance
our
studies
and
spare
time.
答案：flexibly
Ⅱ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．众所周知，诗歌是一种常见的文学形式。(poetry;
form)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：As
we
all
know,
poetry
is
a
common
form
of
literature.
2．它不仅能传达某些情感，而且能形象地把现实转换成文学。(convey;
transform)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：It
can
not
only
convey
certain
emotions,
but
also
vividly
transform
reality
into
literature.
3．通过诗歌，我们可以和朋友们交流感情、卸下心中的包袱。(exchange;
load)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：Through
poems,
we
can
exchange
our
feelings
with
friends
and
take
a
load
off
our
mind.
4．很多诗人说，只要我们热爱生活，灵感就不会枯竭。(run
out
of;
inspiration)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：A
great
many
poets
say
only
if
we
love
life
will
we
never
run
out
of
our
inspiration.
5．为了提高我们的生活品质，在业余时间我们可以读一些自己喜欢的诗歌。(improve;
spare
time)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：In
order
to
improve
the
quality
of
life,
we
can
read
some
poems
that
we
like
in
our
spare
time.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：As
we
all
know,
poetry
is
a
common
form
of
literature.
It
can
not
only
convey
certain
emotions,
but
also
vividly
transform
reality
into
literature.
Through
poems,
we
can
exchange
our
feelings
with
friends
and
take
a
load
off
our
mind.
A
great
many
poets
say
only
if
we
love
life
will
we
never
run
out
of
our
inspiration.
In
order
to
improve
the
quality
of
life,
we
can
read
some
poems
that
we
like
in
our
spare
time.
单元拓能训练
单元话题写作——应用文
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry发邮件向你询问有关诗歌的相关内容。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1．诗歌表达的情感；
2．你喜欢的诗歌；
3．诗歌的创作源泉。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[精彩范文]
Dear
Terry，
I
am
writing
to
introduce
some
details
about
poems
I
have
learned
to
you.
Initially,
the
reason
why
poems
can
convey
certain
emotions
is
that
they
can
vividly
transform
reality
into
literature.
Additionally,
some
people
like
poems
in
the
old
style
while
others
like
the
modern
ones.
Of
all
the
poems,
I
like
the
ones
written
by
Shakespeare
in
particular,
which
are
made
up
of
fourteen
lines.
Last,
what
I
want
to
emphasize
is
that
if
we
love
life,
our
inspirations
for
poems
will
never
run
out.
I
do
hope
they
are
helpful
to
you.
Yours，
Li
Hua
PAGEUnit
3 A
healthy
life
晨背分钟
填词并背记
Let's
Help
Adolescents
Whether
they
are
male
or
female,_adolescents
feel_like
deciding_on
everything
themselves
in_spite_of
parents'
instruction,
especially
when
they
face
problems
like
sex,_mental_stress,_etc.,_which
make
them
feel
ashamed
and
embarrassed.
Thus
they
often
automatically
get_into
troubles
due_to
their
imperfect
comprehension
and
judgement.
Some
are_addicted_to
cigarettes,
only
several
packets
of
which
will
hurt
their
lungs
and
make
them
breathless
quickly.
Others
can't
quit
drinking
alcohol,_whose
harmful
effects
include
causing
young
pregnant
women
to
abort
or
give
birth
to
abnormal
babies.
The
worst
is
drug
abuse,_for
the
withdrawal
is
tough
once
their
bodies
are_accustomed_to
the
drugs.
Meanwhile,
those
who
share
needles
bought
from
illegal
chemists
are
at
great
risk
of
being
infected
with
desperate
AIDS.
If
so,
neither
injecting
nor
taking
pills
can
guarantee
their
survival.
However,
don't
be
disappointed
at
or
have
prejudice
against
our
children
so
easily.
After
all,
being
awkward
is
an
appendix
of
youth.
As
long
as
we
strengthen
communication
with
them
instead
of
only
banning
this
or
banning
that,
we
will
surely
help
them
avoid
anything
unfit.
帮助青少年
不论男女，青少年们都喜欢不顾家长的指导，自己对一切作决定，特别是当他们面对如性、心理压力等等一些使他们觉得羞愧和尴尬的问题时更是如此。因此，由于他们理解力和判断力的不足，他们常常会无意识地陷入困境中。有的对香烟上瘾，只要几包就会对他们的肺造成损害，使他们很容易就气喘吁吁；有的没法戒除酒精带来的不良后果，包括造成年轻的怀孕女性流产或生下不正常的婴儿；最糟糕的是滥用毒品，因为一旦他们的身体对毒品习惯了，要想戒毒就相当困难了。同时，那些共用从非法药剂师处购买的注射器的青少年冒着感染令人绝望的艾滋病的极大风险。一旦感染上，不管是打针还是吃药都没法保证他们的生存了。
然而，请不要轻易就对我们的孩子失望或抱有偏见。毕竟，不成熟是年轻的必然附属品。只要我们加强和他们的沟通，而不是仅仅禁止这样，不准那样，我们一定能帮助他们避开不健康的东西。
1．adolescent
(n.)
青少年
(adj.)
青春期的→adolescence
(n.)
青春期
2．withdrawal
(n.)
收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程→withdraw
(vt.)
收回；撤退；撤回
3．automatic
(adj.)
无意识的；自动的→automatically
(adv.)
无意识地；自动地
4．mental
(adj.)
精神的；智力的→mentally
(adv.)
精神上；智力上→physical
(反义词)
(adj.)
身体的；肉体的
5．abnormal
(adj.)
畸形的；异常的→normal
(反义词)
(adj.)
正常的
6．breathless
(adj.)
气喘吁吁的；屏息的→breathe
(v.)
呼吸→breath
(n.)
呼吸
7．unfit
(adj.)
不健康的；不合适的；不合格的→fit
(反义词)
(adj.)
健康的；合格的
8．strengthen
(vt.)
加强；巩固；使坚强
(vi.)
变强→strong
(adj.)
坚强的；强壮的
9．relaxation
(n.)
放松；松弛→relax
(vt.)
使放松→relaxed
(adj.)
轻松的→relaxing
(adj.)
使人放松的
10．chemist
(n.)
药剂师；化学家→chemistry
(n.)
化学→chemical
(adj.)
化学的
(n.)
化学品
11．disappointed
(adj.)
失望的；沮丧的→disappointing
(adj.)
令人失望的→disappoint
(vt.)
使失望→disappointment
(n.)
失望
12．weaken
(vi.)
(对某事的决心)
动摇；减弱
(vt.)
(使)变弱→weak
(adj.)
虚弱的→weakness
(n.)
弱点
13．illegal
(adj.)
不合法的；违法的→legal
(反义词)
(adj.)
合法的
14．survival
(n.)
幸存→survivor
(n.)
幸存者→survive
(v.)
幸存
15．judgement
(n.)
看法；判决；判断→judge
(vt.)
判断
16．embarrassed
(adj.)
尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrass
(vt.)
(使)尴尬→embarrassment
(n.)
尴尬
17．feel
like
(doing)
想要(做)……
18．take
risks/a
risk
冒险
19．get
into
陷入；染上(坏习惯)
重点知识分钟
stress
n.
压力；重音 vt.
加压力于；使紧张(P17)
(1)单句语法填空①Things
can
easily
go
wrong
when
people
are
stress.②Nowadays
more
and
more
middle
school
students
are
getting
(stress)
in
their
studies.答案：①under ②stressed(2)单句写作他在会议上强调了接受良好教育的重要性。He
receiving
a
good
education
at
the
meeting.答案：stressed
the
importance
of
(1)under
stress
承受压力suffer
from
stress
承受压力lay/place/put
stress
on
...
强调……(2)stress
that
...
强调……stress
the
importance
of
强调……的重要性(3)stressful
adj.
产生压力的；紧张的(指物)(4)stressed
adj.
焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的(指人，不用于名词前)
due
adj.
欠款的；预定的；到期的；应给的(P18)
(1)写出下列句中due的含义①The
wages
due
to
him
will
be
paid
tomorrow. ②She
is
due
to
make
a
speech
on
the
economy
next
week. ③The
books
must
be
returned
before
the
due
date
or
the
kid
cannot
borrow
other
books. ④When
it
comes
to
giving
due
respect
to
the
old
people,
she
feels
a
bit
uneasy. 答案：①欠款的 ②预定的 ③到期的 ④应有的(2)单句语法填空The
old
man
said
the
accident
was
due
to
careless
(drive)
so
a
lot
of
money
was
due
to
(pay)
by
the
driver.答案：driving;
be
paid
(1)be
due
预定/计划(做)某事(2)(be)
due
to
因为；由于[名师点津] (1)due当“预定的，预期的”讲时，构成be
due
to
do
sth.，其中to为不定式，后接动词原形。(2)短语be
due
to表示“因为，由于”，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
addicted
adj.
入了迷的；上了瘾的(P18)
(1)单句语法填空①Learning
that
you
are
addicted
table
tennis,
I
am
writing
to
sincerely
invite
you
to
join
the
table
tennis
team
in
our
school.
②Addicted
to
(play)
the
violin,
he
didn't
notice
a
thief
walk
into
his
house.③I
discovered
an
(addict)
to
housework
which
I
had
never
felt
before.答案：①to ②playing ③addiction(2)句型转换Many
kids
are
addicted
to
surfing
the
Internet,
so
they
have
lost
interest
in
study.→ ，
many
kids
have
lost
interest
in
study.答案：Addicting
themselves
to
surfing
the
Internet
(1)be/become/get
addicted
to
(doing)
sth.
沉溺于(做)某事(2)addict
n.
吸毒上瘾的人；对……着迷的人TV/sports
addict
电视/体育迷(3)addiction
n.
癖好；上瘾；热衷addictive
adj.
使人上瘾的[名师点津] 不管是形容词addicted还是名词addiction，表示“沉迷于/热衷于……”时，都和介词to连用。
effect
n.
结果；影响；效力(P18)
(1)单句语法填空①Reading
books
of
traditional
culture
can
have
a
good
effect
the
children.②We
must
spare
no
effort
to
put
the
changes
effect.③One
of
the
most
(effect)
ways
to
reduce
stress
is
to
talk
about
feelings
with
someone
you
trust.答案：①on ②into ③effective(2)单句写作①两家公司在上周签订的这份协议将很快生效。The
agreement
signed
between
the
two
companies
last
week
.②这种止痛药服用很小的剂量依然能产生副作用。A
much
lower
dose
of
the
painkiller
can
still
produce
.答案：①will
come
into
effect/take
effect
soon ②side
effect
(1)have
an
effect
on
对……有效；对……产生影响put/bring
sth.
into
effect
实施；实行；使生效come
into
effect/take
effect
(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施be
of
no
effect
没有效果的；没有影响的side
effect
副作用(2)effective
adj.
有效的；起作用的
ashamed
adj.
感到惭愧或羞耻的(P19)
(1)单句语法填空①John
felt
(shame)
after
he
was
teased
by
some
kids.②It
is
(shame)
to
break
school
rules,
to
be
selfish
or
to
make
little
effort
to
achieve
progress.答案：①ashamed ②shameful(2)单句写作①读了上面来自那么多母亲们的抱怨，我感到惭愧与内疚。Having
read
the
above
common
complaints
from
so
many
mothers,
I
.②真遗憾一个好学生竟然会做出那样的事。It's
a
shame/pity
that
a
good
student
.答案：①felt
ashamed
and
guilty ②(should)
do
something
like
that(3)一句多译在课堂上，学生们不应该羞于向老师发问。①In
class,
students
should
not
.②In
class,
students
should
not
.答案：①be
ashamed
of
asking
the
teacher
questions ②be
ashamed
to
ask
the
teacher
questions
(1)be
ashamed
to
be/do
...
耻于是/做……feel/be
ashamed
of
(doing)
sth.
为(做)某事感到羞愧be
ashamed
that
...
对……感到内疚(2)shame
n.
羞耻；羞愧；惭愧(3)shameful
adj.
(行为)可耻的[名师点津] 在“It's
a
shame/pity
that
...”句型中，从句的谓语动词常用“(should＋)动词原形”形式，构成一种虚拟语气。
(be)
accustomed
to
习惯于……(表状态)(P18)
单句语法填空①Her
eyes
quickly
became
accustomed
the
dark.②He
was
a
person
(accustom)
to
a
comfortable
life.③
(accustom)
to
climbing
the
steep
mountains,
Kevin
had
no
difficulty
reaching
the
top.④I
accustom
myself
to
(drink)
a
cup
of
hot
tea
every
evening
in
the
cold
winter,
which
makes
me
feel
relaxed.答案：①to ②accustomed ③Accustomed ④drinking
(1)get/become
accustomed
to
(doing)
sth.
习惯于(做)某事(表动作)(2)accustom
vt.
使习惯于accustom
sb./oneself
to
(doing)
sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
in
spite
of
不管；不顾(P20)
句型转换We
went
out
in
spite
of
the
heavy
rain.→We
went
out
the
heavy
rain.→We
went
out
it
rained
heavily.答案：despite;
in
spite
of/despite
the
fact
that
(1)despite
尽管，虽然(后接名词，相当于in
spite
of)(2)in
spite
of/despite
the
fact
that
...
(同位语从句)＝(al)though＋从句
get
into
陷入；染上(坏习惯)(P20)
用get相关短语的适当形式填空①Many
homeless
people
the
habit
of
begging
to
get
enough
money
to
stay
alive.②After
Christmas
I'm
going
to
job?hunting.③Officers
felt
their
point
of
view
was
not
to
the
generals.④As
an
outgoing
girl,
I
well
my
classmates.⑤If
you
continue
spending
money
like
this,
you'll
debt.答案：①get
into ②get
down
to ③getting
across ④get
along/on;
with ⑤get
into
take
risks/a
risk
冒险(P20)
(1)单句语法填空①He
risked
(lose)
everything
this
time
to
regain
what
he
had
lost
in
the
gambling
(赌博).②Never
put
your
family
risk.答案：①losing ②at(2)单句写作①他冒着失去生命的危险救了这个小男孩。He
saved
the
boy's
life
his
own.②我不能冒险留下他独自一人，哪怕是一会儿也不行。I
could
not
leaving
him
alone
even
for
a
short
time.答案：①at
the
risk
of
losing ②run/take
the
risk
of
(1)at
risk
处境危险；遭受危险at
all
risks＝at
any
risk
无论冒什么险，无论如何at
the
risk
of
doing
sth.
冒着……的风险run/take
the
risk
of
sth./doing
sth.
冒……的危险/冒险做某事(2)risk
one's
life
冒生命危险risk
doing
sth.
冒险做某事
Your
mother
tells
me
that
you
started
smoking
some
time
ago
and
now
you
are
finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up.
(P18)
单句写作①我认为与别人和睦相处是重要的。I
think
important
to
get
along
well
with
others.②新的方法使得准时完成任务成为了可能。The
new
method
makes
to
complete
the
task
on
time.③校长说得很清楚，运动会不会推迟。The
headmaster
has
made
clear
the
sports
meeting
will
not
be
put
off.答案：①it ②it
possible ③it;
that
该句中“finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up”为固定句式，即“find/think/consider/make/feel等＋it＋宾语补足语(adj./n.)＋to
do/that从句”，该句式中，it为形式宾语，to_do不定式或that从句为真正的宾语。此外，it还可以充当形式主语。
It
was
time
to
quit
smoking.(P21)
单句语法填空①We
have
talked
for
decades
about
the
energy
problem;
it
is
time
(solve)
it.②It
was
the
third
time
in
three
weeks
that
such
ugly
scenes
(witness).③It
is
high
time
that
timely
and
effective
measures
(take)
to
deal
with
the
worsening
situation.④He
is
already
70
years
of
age.
It's
time
for
him
(consider)
his
retirement.答案：①to
solve ②had
been
witnessed ③should
be
taken/were
taken④to
consider
It's
time
to_do
sth.
到了做某事的时间了It's
time
for
sth.
到了做某事的时间了It's
(high/about)
time
(that)
sb.
did/should
do
...
某人早该做/某人该做某事了It/This/That
is/was
the
first/second
...
time
that
sb.
have(或has)/had_done
sth.
这/那是某人第一/二……次做某事
课文语法填空分钟
It's
easy
for
you
to
start
smoking,
but
once
you
become
1
(addict)
to
it,
you
may
find
2
difficult
for
you
to
quit.
Firstly,
you
may
become
3
(physics)
addicted
to
nicotine.
Secondly,
you
may
develop
the
habit
of
smoking
and
finally
become
4
(mental)
addicted
to
it.
Smoking
may
have
all
kinds
of
5
(harm)
effects
on
the
health
of
both
the
smokers
themselves
and
non?smokers
around
them.
It
not
only
affects
your
physical
fitness,
but
also
6
harm
to
your
heart
and
lungs
and
causes
a
variety
of
diseases.
So,
it's
important
that
one
quit
7
(smoke)
and
live
a
healthier
life.
To
quit
smoking,
you
should
be
well?prepared
and
make
a
list
of
all
the
benefits
you
may
get
after
quitting.
8
(develop)
some
new
habits
like
listening
to
music,
reading
novels
or
doing
housework
may
distract
your
attention
and
help
you
to
forget
your
need
for
a
cigarette.
But
if
you
really
feel
bad,
you
should
consult
9
doctor
or
chemist
to
get
some
professional
help.
Remember,
if
you
keep
trying,
you
will
10
(eventual)
succeed.
1． 2. 3. 4. 5.
6． 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.addicted 2.it 3.physically 4.mentally 5.harmful 6.does 7.smoking 8.Developing 9.a 10.eventually
▲develop/form
the
habit
of
(doing)
sth.
养成(做)……的习惯(习惯可好可坏)
get
into
the
habit
of
(doing)
sth.
染上某种习惯(指坏习惯)
▲live/lead/have
a(n)＋adj.＋life
过着……的生活
▲quit
doing
sth.＝give
up
doing
sth.
放弃做某事
▲It's
easy
for
you
to
start
...
和it's
important
that
one
...，为“it
be＋adj./n.＋(for
sb.)＋不定式/that从句”结构，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式或that从句。
随堂检测分钟
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．
(addict)
to
computer
games
can
be
harmful
to
you
in
many
ways.
答案：Being
addicted
2．A
regular
and
busy
life
is
wonderful,
although
it's
hard
and
(stress).
答案：stressful
3．It's
reported
that
passengers
are
banned
eating
and
drinking
on
subway
trains.
答案：from
4．Professor
Smith
is
due
(give)
us
a
lecture
at
eight
tomorrow
morning.
答案：to
give
5．After
living
there
for
one
year,
they
have
been
accustomed
to
(work)
there.
答案：working
6．I
was
once
ashamed
(admit)
my
weaknesses,
but
now
I
have
no
such
feeling.
答案：to
admit
7．Keeping
a
diary
in
English
is
one
of
the
(effect)
ways
to
improve
our
English.
答案：effective
8．People
think
the
earth
doesn't
move
at
all,
but
in
fact,
it
(do)
move.
答案：does
9．Doing
some
exercise
earlier
in
the
day
should
make
you
feel
physically
as
well
as
(mental)
tired.
答案：mentally
10．Just
quit
(complain).
What
matters
now
is
how
to
get
rid
of
such
an
embarrassing
situation.
答案：complaining
Ⅱ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．为了缓解精神压力，许多人，甚至是青少年，养成了吸烟的习惯。(relieve;
adolescent)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：In
order
to
relieve
mental
stress,
many
people,
even
adolescents,
get
into
the
habit
of
smoking.
2．众所周知，吸烟对健康有害。很多人由于吸烟死于肺癌、心脏病。(due
to)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：It
is
well
known
that
smoking
does
harm
to
health.
A
lot
of
people
die
of
lung
cancer
and
heart
disease
due
to
smoking.
3．更糟糕的是，吸烟对周围的人也有影响，对环境造成污染。(have
an
effect
on)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：What's
worse,
smoking
has
an
effect
on
the
people
around
the
smokers
and
pollutes
the
environment.
4．由于香烟价格不菲，吸烟会浪费很多钱，并可能引起火灾。(waste)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：Smoking
will
waste
much
money
because
cigarettes
are
expensive.
It
can
also
cause
fire.
5．政府有必要采取有效措施禁烟，让吸烟违法，以便吸烟者决定戒烟。(necessary;
quit
smoking)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：It
is
necessary
for
the
government
to
take
effective
measures
to
ban
smoking
and
make
smoking
illegal,
so
that
smokers
will
decide
to
quit
smoking.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：In
order
to
relieve
mental
stress,
many
people,
even
adolescents,
get
into
the
habit
of
smoking.
It
is
well
known
that
smoking
does
harm
to
health.
A
lot
of
people
die
of
lung
cancer
and
heart
disease
due
to
smoking.
What's
worse,
smoking
has
an
effect
on
the
people
around
the
smokers
and
pollutes
the
environment.
Smoking
will
waste
much
money
because
cigarettes
are
expensive.
It
can
also
cause
fire.
It
is
necessary
for
the
government
to
take
effective
measures
to
ban
smoking
and
make
smoking
illegal,
so
that
smokers
will
decide
to
quit
smoking.
单元拓能训练
单元话题写作——应用文
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry发邮件向你询问有关网络游戏对孩子们的影响。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1．现状；2.危害；3.措施。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[精彩范文]
Dear
Terry，
I
am
writing
to
give
you
the
rough
sketch
about
the
question
put
forward
in
your
last
letter.
Surprisingly,
more
and
more
children
are
addicted
to
the
Internet
games
all
day,
which
will
have
a
bad
effect
on
them.
Once
they
form
the
habit,
they
won't
quit
it
easily,
which
can
make
it
difficult
for
them
to
accustom
themselves
to
the
daily
life.
In
my
opinion,
the
importance
of
study
should
be
stressed
by
the
teachers
and
parents;
furthermore,
it
is
reasonable
to
ban
them
from
playing
such
Internet
games.
I
am
looking
forward
to
your
earliest
reply.
Yours，
Li
Hua
PAGEUnit
4 Global
warming
晨背分钟
填词并背记
Refresh
Our
Environment
As
the
director
stated
on_behalf_of
his
researching
group,
the
data
of
this
graph
makes
a
clear
presentation
of
the
future
environmental
tendency.
On
one
hand,
the
quantity
of
fuel
keeps_on
decreasing
by
9%
per
year
while
the
growth
of
a
wide
range
of
pollution
has
been
a
global
trend.
On
the
other
hand,
the
mildly
but
steadily
going_up
of
the
average
temperature
is
resulting_in
catastrophes
like
widespread
floods.
Without
disagreement,_they
subscribe_to
the
view
that
it
is
humans'
existence
and
their
randomly
consuming
energy
that
result
in
this
phenomenon.
Many
people
have
a
commitment
that
developing
nuclear
power
or
energy
from
outer
space
will
stop
bad
consequences
coming_about.
However,
scientists
and
educators
are_opposed_to
this
view
even_if
our
needs
may
be
met
on_the_whole.
They
tend_to
advocate
refreshing
our
circumstances
by
saving
energy
and
recycling
waste.
It
is
suggested
that
we
use
energy?saving
appliances
such
as
electrical_motors,_microwaves
and_so_on
and
not
be
casual
about
little
things
like
recycling
a
can.
So
please
glance
around
and
see
what
you
can
do.
So_long_as
everybody
makes
contributions,_we
will
not
have
to
put_up_with
this
problem
anymore.
恢复环境生机
正如那位主任代表他的研究小组所说明的那样，这张图表的数据清楚地描述了未来环境的趋势：一方面，燃料的数量以每年9%的速度持续减少，同时，大范围污染的增长已经成为一种全球趋势；另一方面，平均气温轻微却稳定地升高正在造成像广泛的洪涝那样的灾难。无不同意地，他们一致赞成是人类的存在和任意的消耗能源才造成了这一现象。
许多人都信奉开发核能和外太空能源会防止糟糕的后果发生的理论。然而，即使这样可以基本上满足我们的需要，科学家和教育家们仍然反对这一观点。他们更倾向于拥护用节省能源和回收废料的方法恢复环境生机，并建议我们要使用节省能源的器具，如电力发动机、微波炉等，还建议我们不要对如回收罐子这种小事漫不经心。因此，请看看你身边是否有你能做的事，只要每个人都作出贡献，我们就不必再忍受这个问题的困扰了。
1．consume
(vt.)
消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完→consumer
(n.)
消费者→consumption
(n.)
消费；消耗量
2．phenomenon
(n.)
现象→phenomena
(pl.)
现象
3．tend
(vi.)
趋向；易于；照顾
(vt.)
照顾；护理→tendency
(n.)
倾向；趋势
4．mild
(adj.)
温和的；温柔的；淡的→mildly
(adv.)
温柔地；温和地
5．consequence
(n.)
结果；后果；影响→consequent
(adj.)
随后发生的；作为结果的→consequently
(adv.)
因此；所以
6．state
(vt.)
陈述；说明→statement
(n.)
说明；陈述；声明
7．steady
(adj.)
平稳的；持续的；稳固的→steadily
(adv.)
平稳地；持续地
8．existence
(n.)
生存；存在→exist
(vi.)
存在
9．pollution
(n.)
污染；弄脏→pollute
(vt.)
弄脏；污染
10．growth
(n.)
增长；生长→grow
(v.)
生长；增长；渐渐变得
11．electrical
(adj.)
电的；与电有关的→electricity
(n.)
电；电能
12．contribution
(n.)
贡献→contribute
(v.)
贡献；投稿
13．disagreement
(n.)
分歧；不一致→disagree
(vi.)
不同意；意见不合
14．quantities
of
大量的
重点知识分钟
quantity
n.
量；数量(P26)
单句语法填空①A
large
quantity
of
money
(collect)
to
help
those
suffering
from
the
floods.②In
the
first
place,
vehicles
send
large
quantities
of
poisonous
gases
which
(be)
a
major
source
of
air
pollution.③
(quantity)
of
food
and
tents
were
sent
to
earthquake?stricken
areas
from
Shandong.④It's
cheaper
to
buy
goods
quantity.答案：①has
been
collected ②are ③Quantities ④in
a
large/small
quantity
of
大量/少量的(large)
quantities
of
大量的；许多的in
quantity
大量地[名师点津] a
quantity
of与quantities
of这两个短语后均可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式。“a
quantity
of＋名词”作主语时，其谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantities
of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词总是用复数形式。
oppose
vt.
反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(P27)
(1)单句语法填空①Much
to
our
amazement,
they
came
to
conclusions
completely
(oppose)
to
ours.②Many
old
men
are
opposed
to
(cut)
down
the
100?year?old
tree
for
rebuilding
the
shopping
centre.③We
live
further
down
the
opposite
side
of
the
road.答案：①opposite ②cutting ③on(2)单句写作——词汇升级高中生们坚决反对受到别人的不公正对待。a．普通表达：The
senior
students
being
treated
unfairly
by
others.
b．高级表达：The
senior
students
strongly
being
treated
unfairly
by
others.c．高级表达：The
senior
students
being
treated
unfairly
by
others.答案：a.are
strongly
against b．object
to c．are
strongly
opposed
to
(1)oppose
(doing)
sth.
反对(做)某事(2)opposed
adj.
反对的；对立的be
opposed_to
反对……(3)opposite
adj.
相反的；对立的be
opposite_to
与……相反on_the_opposite_side_of
在……对面(4)opposite
prep.
在……对面A_is_opposite_B.
A在B对面。[名师点津] (1)oppose后跟表示动作的词作宾语时，动词要用动名词形式。be
opposed
to结构中，to是介词，其后也要用动词的?ing形式。(2)表示反对的其他表达：disagree
with,
object
to,
be
against等。
range
n.
种类；范围；幅度；界限 v.
(在一定范围内)变动；排列(P27)
(1)单句语法填空The
show
had
a
large
audience,
(range)
from
children
to
grandparents.答案：ranging(2)单句写作①旅馆的单人房间的价钱从每天20美元到50美元不等。The
rate
for
a
single
room
at
the
hotel
20
dollars
50
dollars
a
day.②它们将介绍各种各样的写作风格，从诗歌到戏剧创作。They
will
include
introductions
to
writing
styles,
from
poetry
to
playwriting.③开始时，这种工作我没经验做不了，但是后来通过向队友学习，我做成了。At
first,
this
type
of
work
was
of
experience,
but
finally
I
made
it
by
learning
from
my
teammates.答案：①ranges
from;
to ②a
wide
range
of ③beyond/out
of
my
range
(1)a
wide
range
of
...
范围广泛的；各种各样的in/within
range
of
sth.
在可及的范围内；在视觉/听觉范围内beyond/out
of
range
of
sth.
超出……的范围；在视觉/听觉范围之外beyond/out
of
one's
range
超出了某人能承受的范围(2)range
from
...
to
...
从……到……变动range
between
...
and
...
在……和……范围内变动
glance
vi.
看一下；扫视 n.
一瞥(P27)
(1)单句语法填空①She
(glance)
this
way
and
that
and
looked
very
nervous.②I
only
had
time
to
glance
the
newspapers.答案：①glanced ②at(2)单句写作看到它的瞬间，我就被敦煌壁画吸引了。 ，
I
was
attracted
by
the
wall
paintings
of
Dunhuang.答案：At
first
glance
(1)glance
at/over/through
扫视；浏览；匆匆看一遍glance
off
(光)从……反射回来(2)at_first_glance
乍一看，最初看到时have/take
a
glance
(at
sb./sth.)
(朝某人/某物)一瞥；匆匆看一眼
average
adj.
平均的；普通的 n.
平均水平；平均数 v.
计算出……的平均数；平均为(P29)
(1)单句语法填空①An
average
just
18.75
cm
of
rain
fell
last
year,
making
it
the
driest
year
since
California
became
a
state
in
1850.②Susie
studies
hard
and
her
schoolwork
is
well
average.答案：①of ②above(2)单句写作平均来说，我每天花2小时读书。 ，
I
spend
2
hours
reading
every
day.答案：On
average
(1)an
average
of
平均有(后跟数词)(2)on
average
平均来看；平均above/below
average
在平均水平以上/以下
advocate
vt.
拥护；提倡；主张(P30)
单句语法填空①We
advocate
(solve)
international
disputes
by
negotiations,
instead
of
appealing
to
arms.②Mr
Williams
is
a
dietary
expert,
(advocate)
more
exercise
and
a
good
diet
are
the
key
to
a
healthy
life.③Animal
activists
advocate
that
the
government
(set)
up
a
special
organization
to
protect
these
migrating
birds.答案：①solving ②advocating ③(should)
set
advocate
sth.
主张/提倡……advocate
doing
sth.
主张/提倡做某事advocate
that
...
主张……，从句有时用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为“(should)＋动词原形”
come
about
发生，产生(P26)
(1)用come相关短语的适当形式填空①When
the
exam
results
，
Jack
left
as
usual.②The
subject
during
a
pre?dinner
drink
with
our
guests.③I
never
remember
having
a
man
like
that.④Tony
a
new
idea
for
increasing
sales.答案：①came
out ②came
up ③come
across ④came
up
with(2)单句写作①我真不明白这么短的路程你怎么会迟到一个小时。I'll
never
understand
you
were
an
hour
late
on
such
a
short
journey.②当谈及帮妻子做家务活这件事的时候，他从来不抱怨。He
never
complains
his
wife
with
the
housework.答案：①how
it
came
about
that ②when
it
comes
to
helping
How
did
itcome
about
that
...？……是怎样发生的？come
across偶遇come
into
being形成；产生；出现come
into
power上台执政；当权come
into
effect生效come
out出版；结果是come
up被提及；发芽；(困难)出现come
up
with提出；想出when
it
comes
to
...
当谈到……时come
on跟着来；[口]快点；加油come
to总计；归纳为[名师点津] come
about,
happen,
take
place和break
out这四个表示“发生”的词语，都是不及物动词(短语)，不可用于被动语态。
result
in
导致(P26)
用result相关短语的适当形式填空①It's
said
that
his
lameness
an
accident.②The
boom
in
building
has
the
local
land
being
more
valuable
now
for
houses.③All
singers
are
united.
，
their
performance
was
successful.④
your
carelessness,
the
whole
project
should
be
put
off
at
least
one
month.答案：①resulted
from ②resulted
in ③As
a
result ④As
a
result
of
result
from
起因于；由……造成as_a_result
结果(作状语，常置于句首，并用逗号和后面句子隔开)as_a_result_of
由于……的原因without
result
没有结果；白费
put
up
with
忍受；容忍(P30)
用put相关短语的适当形式填空①He
decided
that
he
would
drive
back
to
town
instead
of
for
the
night
at
the
hotel.②Mary
is
really
good
at
taking
notes
in
class.
She
can
almost
every
word
her
teacher
says.③I'm
not
going
to
their
smoking
any
longer.④A
suggestion
has
been
that
we
should
recycle
the
textbooks.⑤We
are
trying
to
some
money
every
month
for
our
vacation.答案：①putting
up ②put
down ③put
up
with ④put
forward⑤put
aside
[名师点津] 表示“忍受；容忍”的词语还有：stand,
tolerate,
bear等。
It
is
OK
to
leave
an
electrical
appliance
on
so
long
as
you
are
using
it—if
not,
turn
it
off！(P30)
用as
...
as相关短语的适当形式填空①These
animals
typically
live
between
the
surface
of
the
ocean
and
a
depth
of
about
3,300
feet—
most
light
can't
reach.②Electric
energy
can
be
changed
into
light
energy
into
sound
energy.③She
trained
hard
for
the
race,
sometimes
running
60
miles
a
week.④You
can
borrow
my
car
you
promise
not
to
drive
too
fast.⑤
I
am
concerned,
I
am
strongly
against
the
plan.⑥A
distant
relative
is
not
a
near
neighbour.答案：①as
far
as ②as
well
as ③as
many
as ④as
long
as ⑤As
far
as ⑥as
good
as
as/so
long
as引导条件状语从句，相当于on
condition
that,
provided
that或if(只要，如果)。此外，as
long
as还可表示“与……一样长”。(1)as
far
as
一直到……；在……范围内；就……而言。(2)as
many
as
“多达……”“达到……之多”，与可数名词复数连用。(3)as
much
as
“多达……”“达到……之多”，与不可数名词连用。(4)as
soon
as
“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。(5)as
well
as
也，还；除……之外还。(6)as
good
as
和……一样好；几乎，差不多。
课文语法填空分钟
There
is
no
doubt
that
it
is
human
activity
1
has
caused
this
global
warming
rather
than
2
random
but
natural
phenomenon.
All
scientists
subscribe
3
the
view
that
the
increase
in
the
earth's
temperature
is
due
to
the
burning
of
fossil
fuels.
The
“greenhouse
effect”
begins
4
we
add
huge
quantities
of
extra
carbon
dioxide
into
the
atmosphere
and
more
heat
energy
tends
to
be
trapped
in
the
atmosphere
5
(cause)
the
global
temperature
to
go
up.
The
burning
of
more
and
more
fossil
fuels
has
resulted
6
the
increase
in
carbon
dioxide.
7 ，
the
attitudes
of
scientists
are
different.
Some
think
that
the
trend
would
be
a
catastrophe.
But
some
are
opposed
to
this
view
8
they
predict
that
any
warming
will
be
mild
with
few
bad
environmental
9
(consequent).
Even
though
we
have
taken
some
measures,
the
climate
is
going
to
keep
on
warming
for
decades
10
centuries.
1． 2. 3. 4. 5.
6． 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.that 2.a 3.to 4.when 5.causing 6.in 7.However 8.and 9.consequences 10.or
▲it
is/was
...
that
...
强调句式：①可强调除了谓语之外的任何成分；②当强调“人”时，用that或who均可；③判断依据为：将it
is/was和that同时去掉，并适当调整语序，如果句意通顺、成分完整，即为强调句式，否则，则为其他句式。
▲even
if＝even
though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；纵使”。让步状语从句还可用以下连接词引导：①用while引导让步状语从句需置于句首，意为“尽管；虽然”。②用whether
...
or
...
引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论……还是……”。③用whatever,
whoever,
however,
whenever,
wherever等引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论什么/谁/怎样/何时/哪里……”。④用as/though/although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”。用as引导时，从句必须倒装；用though时，从句可倒装也可不倒装；用although时，从句不倒装。
随堂检测分钟
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．On
the
other
hand,
the
cost
of
everything
from
housing
to
education
has
risen
(steady)
in
recent
decades.
答案：steadily
2．The
authorities
no
longer
subscribe
the
view
that
disabled
people
are
unsuitable
as
teachers.
答案：to
3．I'm
not
opposed
to
(upload)
a
hundred
pictures
at
a
time
of
my
recent
travels
into
albums
on
Facebook.
答案：uploading
4．Quantities
of
money
(spend)
in
bringing
up
the
children
since
they
were
married.
答案：have
been
spent
5．The
water
recreation
centre
provides
a
variety
of
activities,
(range)
from
swimming
to
diving.
答案：ranging
6．Pleasant
music
is
often
played
between
classes
to
make
students
(refresh)
and
relaxed
for
a
while.
答案：refreshed
7．Population
aging
is
one
of
the
world's
population
development
(tend).
答案：tendencies
8．He
had
been
ill
for
a
long
time
and
(consequence)
he
was
behind
in
his
work.
答案：consequently
9．We
should
do
our
work
well
to
make
(contribute)
to
our
future,
our
society
and
our
nation.
答案：contributions
10．Some
experts
think
that
pollution
poses
a
threat
to
the
continued
(exist)
of
this
species.
答案：existence
Ⅱ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．随着工业的发展，产生了越来越多的温室气体，地球在逐渐变暖。(greenhouse
gases)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：With
the
development
of
industry,
more
and
more
greenhouse
gases
are
produced
and
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer.
2．结果，海平面在上升，致使许多沿海城市和动物的栖息地处于危险中。(habitat)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：As
a
consequence,
the
sea
level
is
rising,
which
puts
many
coastal
cities
and
animal
habitats
in
danger.
3．全球变暖已经对人类和动物构成严峻的挑战，因此，到了我们采取措施应对这一挑战的时候了。(it
is
high
time)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：Global
warming
has
become
a
serious
challenge
to
mankind
and
animals,
so
it
is
high
time
that
we
took/should
take
measures
to
deal
with
it.
4．只有我们停止这种粗暴对待环境的方式，我们才能和环境和谐相处。(roughly)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：Only
by
stopping
treating
the
environment
roughly
can
we
live
in
harmony
with
it.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：With
the
development
of
industry,
more
and
more
greenhouse
gases
are
produced
and
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer.
As
a
consequence,
the
sea
level
is
rising,
which
puts
many
coastal
cities
and
animal
habitats
in
danger.
Global
warming
has
become
a
serious
challenge
to
mankind
and
animals,
so
it
is
high
time
that
we
took/should
take
measures
to
deal
with
it.
Only
by
stopping
treating
the
environment
roughly
can
we
live
in
harmony
with
it.
单元拓能训练
单元话题写作——应用文
(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部(photography
club)
将举办国际中学生摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信，请他提供作品。信的内容包括：
1．主题：环境保护；
2．展览时间；
3．投稿邮箱：intlphotoshow@。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[精彩范文]
Dear
Peter，
Our
school
photography
club
is
going
to
hold
an
International
High
School
Student
Photography
Show.
The
theme
of
the
show
is
environmental
protection.
It
will
start
from
June
15th
and
last
for
three
weeks.
Any
student
who
is
interested
in
it
is
welcome
to
participate.
I
know
you
take
good
pictures
and
you've
always
wanted
to
do
something
for
environmental
protection.
I
remember
you
showed
me
some
photos
on
that
theme
the
last
time
you
visited
our
school.
This
is
surely
a
good
chance
for
more
people
to
see
them.
If
you
want
to
join,
you
can
send
your
photos
to
intlphotoshow
@
.
Hope
to
hear
from
you
soon.
Yours，
Li
Hua
PAGEUnit
5 The
power
of
nature
晨背分钟
填词并背记
A
Volcano
Eruption
As
the
best
candidate,_I
was
appointed
to
collect
and
evaluate
information
for
a
database
about
diverse
natural
disasters,
such
as
hurricanes,_typhoons
or
thunderstorms.
Sometimes
I
did
this
by
giving
out
questionnaires
to
those
who
went
through
them.
But
sometimes
I
had
to
go
through
actual
disasters
myself.
The
Musaki
Volcano
was
one
of
them.
At
that
time,
I
lived
in
a
bungalow
alongside
the
volcano
with
a
novelist,_who
came
for
the
appreciation
of
its
eruption.
One
day,
when
I
was
drawing
diagrams
on
the
balcony
and
he
was
bathing
inside,
the
volcano
erupted
unexpectedly.
The
ash
and
lava
fountains
shooting
highly
in
the
sky
varied_from
50
to
100
meters
in
height.
It
was
absolutely
fantastic!
I
even
noticed
a
rainbow
appear
in
the
fog
caused
by
a
heat
wave.
But,
glancing
through
our
surroundings,
I
foresaw
the
potential
danger
and
found
no
guarantee
of
our
safety.
The
uncomfortable
gas
almost
made
us
unconscious.
Sweat
of
anxiety
began
to
drop.
Managing
to
stop
panicking
and
trembling,_we
quickly
put
on
our
protective
suits,_helmets
and
boots
and
eventually
made_our_way_to
a
safe
place.
How
lucky
we
were
even
though
my
precious
equipment
and
documents
were
all
burnt_to_the_ground!
一次火山爆发
作为最好的候选人，我被委派为一个数据库收集和评估各种自然灾害的信息，例如飓风、台风或雷暴等。有时我通过向经历过这些灾害的人分发调查问卷来收集信息，有时却得亲自经历实际的灾害。Musaki火山就是其中之一。
那时，我和一名来欣赏火山爆发的小说家同住在火山边上的一座平房里。有一天，当我正在阳台上画图表而他在屋里洗澡时，火山突然爆发了。喷射到天空中的火山灰和岩浆喷泉从50米到100米不等。这一情景绝对地奇异！我甚至还注意到一条彩虹出现在热浪造成的雾里。
然而，我向四周看了一下，马上预见到了潜在的危险，也发现了我们的安全毫无保障。令人不舒服的气体几乎使我们失去知觉，忧虑的汗水开始流淌下来。我们努力使自己不要惊慌和颤抖，迅速穿上保护套装、头盔和靴子，最后成功前往安全的地方。尽管我珍贵的设备和文件都烧得精光，但是我们真的非常幸运！
1．erupt
(vi.)
(指火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption
(n.)
火山爆发；(战争等)爆发
2．equipment
(n.)
设备；装备→equip
(vt.)
装备；配备
3．evaluate
(vt.)
评估；评价；估计→evaluation
(n.)
评估
4．absolute
(adj.)
绝对的；完全的→absolutely
(adv.)
绝对地；完全地
5．actual
(adj.)
实在的；实际的→actually
(adv.)
实际上
6．uncomfortable
(adj.)
不舒服的；不舒适的→uncomfortably
(adv.)
不舒服地；不舒适地→comfortable
(反义词)
(adj.)
舒服的；舒适的
7．unconscious
(adj.)
失去知觉的；未察觉的→conscious
(反义词)
(adj.)
有知觉的；有意识的
8．diverse
(adj.)
多种多样的；不同的→diversity
(n.)
多种多样；多样性
9．appreciation
(n.)
欣赏；感激；感谢→appreciate
(vt.)
欣赏；感激
10．glance
through
匆匆看一遍
11．be
compared
with
与……相比
12．be
about
to
即将
13．be
amazed
at
对……感到惊讶
14．be
home
to
是……的栖息地
15．take
notice
留意；注意
16．in
the
distance
在远处
17．have
a
gift
for
有……的天赋
重点知识分钟
appoint
vt.
任命；委派；安排；确定(P34)
(1)单句语法填空①He
(appoint)
as
general
manager
for
his
rich
experience
as
well
as
excellent
educational
background.②I
have
an
(appoint)
with
Dr
Smith,
but
I
need
to
change
it.③My
patient
didn't
turn
up
at
the
time;
that
is,
she
missed
an
(appoint).答案：①was
appointed ②appointment ③appointed;
appointment(2)一句多译她是这些年来唯一一个被选进董事会的女性。①She
is
the
only
one
of
the
women
the
board
these
years.(定语从句)②She
is
the
only
one
of
the
women
the
board
these
years.(非谓语动词短语)答案：①who
has
been
appointed
to ②appointed
to
(1)appoint
sb.
to_be/as
任命某人为……appoint
sb.
to
do
sth.委派某人做某事appoint
a
time/place
for
...
为……约定时间/地点(2)appointment
n.
任命；约会make/have/fix
an
appointment
with
sb.与某人预约keep
an
appointment
守约；践约miss
an
appointment
失约；爽约(3)appointed
adj.
约定的；指定的
suit
n.
一套外衣；套装 vt.
适合；使适宜(P34)
(1)单句语法填空①He
bought
a
small
notebook,
which
was
very
suitable
him
while
on
business
because
of
its
convenience.②Only
in
that
way
can
you
find
jobs
that
are
best
suited
your
abilities
and
interests.③They'd
soon
be
penniless
and
homeless
if
she
couldn't
find
(suit)
work.④Jim
and
Mary
seem
(suit)
to
each
other,
in
spite
of
their
quarrels.答案：①for ②to/for ③suitable ④suited(2)用fit/suit/match的适当形式完成句子I
want
to
take
this
jacket
because
it
me
well
and
my
trousers,
though
the
style
doesn't
me.答案：fits;
matches;
suit
(1)a_suit_of
一套/副(2)suit
sb.
fine
很合某人的意；
对某人很合适suit
...
to
...
使……适合于……(3)suitable
adj.
适当的；相配的be
suitable
for
适合于be
suitable
to_do_sth.
适合做某事(4)suited
adj.
合适；适宜；般配的be
suited
for/to
...
适合做……；适合于……[易混辨析]suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等match多指色调、形状、性质等方面互相匹配fit多指服装合身，也可指物体的形状/尺寸合适
anxious
adj.
忧虑的；不安的(P38)
单句语法填空①Watching
him
climb
up
the
cliff,
everybody
was
breathless
anxiety.②It's
natural
for
parents
to
be
anxious
their
children's
future.③As
you
know,
everybody
is
anxious
(see)
his
article
published
as
soon
as
possible.④If
you
are
worried
about
your
health,
share
your
(anxious)
with
your
doctor.⑤We
waited
(anxious)
for
our
examination
results.答案：①with ②about ③to
see ④anxieties ⑤anxiously
(1)be/become
anxious
about
sth.
对某事忧虑/担心be
anxious
for
sth.
渴望得到某物be
anxious
for
sb.
为某人担心be
anxious
(for
sb.)
to
do
...
渴望(某人)做……be
anxious
that
...
担心/渴望……(2)anxiously
adv.
忧虑地；不安地(3)anxiety
n.
担心；焦虑；渴望anxiety
for
sth.
对某事的渴望with
anxiety
焦虑地
panic
n.
惊慌；恐慌 vi.&
vt.
惊慌(P38)
(1)单句语法填空①The
thieves
fled
panic
as
soon
as
they
saw
the
policeman.②The
whole
class
(panic)
when
the
teacher
said
that
there
would
be
a
quiz
today.答案：①in ②panicked(2)单句写作我迷路了。不是惊慌失措，而是待在原地等待救援。I
lost
my
way.
Instead
of
，
I
stayed
where
I
was,
waiting
for
rescue.答案：getting
into
a
panic
(1)panic
sb.
into
doing
sth.
使某人仓惶行事；使仓促行动；吓得某人做某事(2)get
into
a
panic
惊慌失措(表动作)in
panic
惊慌失措地in
a
state
of
panic
处于惊慌状态a
moment
of
panic
一时的惊慌(3)panic的过去式和过去分词均为：panicked
guarantee
vt.
保证；担保 n.
保证；保证书(P39)
单句语法填空①We
guarantee
(deliver)
your
goods
within
a
week.②Can
you
give
me
a
guarantee
the
work
will
be
finished
on
time?③The
car
is
less
than
a
year
old,
so
it
is
still
guarantee.答案：①to
deliver ②that
③under
(1)guarantee
sb.
sth.
保证某人某事guarantee
to
do
sth.
保证/担保做某事be
guaranteed
to
do
sth.
肯定会/势必会做某事(2)give
sb.
a
guarantee
that
...
向某人保证……under
guarantee
在保修期内
make
one's
way
前往；取得成功(P35)
用way相关短语的适当形式填空①So
long
as
you
work
hard,
you
can
in
life.②Could
you
mail
these
letters
downtown?③Without
experience
in
it,
we
have
to
.④The
Great
Wall
across
north
China
like
a
huge
dragon.答案：①make
your
way ②on
your
way ③feel
our
way ④winds
its
way
make
way
for
...
为……让路in
this/that
way
用这种/那种方法on
one's
way
to
...
在去……的路上feel
one's
way
摸索着前进lose
one's
way
迷路wind
one's
way
蜿蜒向前force
one's
way
out
挤出去；冲出去
vary
from
...
to
...
由……到……不等(P39)
单句语法填空①Office
hours
vary
company
to
company
and
country
to
country.②Rooms
vary
size
and
some
are
equipped
with
televisions
and
telephones.③The
prices
of
some
vegetables
vary
the
season.④The
radio
station
had
an
open
line
on
which
listeners
could
call
up
to
discuss
(vary)
issues.⑤Every
solid
object
will
reflect
a
sound,
(vary)
according
to
the
size
and
nature
of
the
object.⑥Malaysia,
a
multiracial
and
multicultural
country,
is
famous
for
its
(vary)
of
food.答案：①from ②in ③with ④various ⑤varying ⑥varieties
(1)vary
with
...
随……而变化vary
in
size/colour
大小/颜色不一样vary
between
...
and
...
/from
...
to
...
由……到……情况不等；在……到……之间变动(2)variety
n.
种类，多样化；变化various
adj.
各种各样的；多方面的a
variety
of＝varieties
of＝various
各种各样的
The
other
two
climbed
down
into
the
crater
to
collect
some
lava
for
later
study,
but
this
being
my
first
experience,
I
stayed
at
the
top
and
watched
them.(P35)
(1)单句语法填空①Time
(permit),
students
can
find
a
part?time
job
to
decrease
the
burden
of
their
family.②Much
time
(spend)
sitting
at
a
desk,
office
workers
are
generally
troubled
by
health
problems.③There
(be)
no
light,
we
had
to
feel
our
way
in
the
dark.答案：①permitting ②spent ③being(2)一句多译整座房子只有这一扇窗子是临街的，因此无论从对面或是从侧面都不必担心邻居的窥视。①
in
the
house
facing
the
street,
so
no
neighbours'
glances
were
to
be
feared
from
across
the
street
or
at
the
side.(并列句)②
in
the
house
facing
the
street,
no
neighbours'
glances
were
to
be
feared
from
across
the
street
or
at
the
side.(独立主格)答案：①This
was
the
only
window ②This
being
the
only
window
this
being
my
first
experience是独立主格结构。独立主格结构主要由“n./pron.＋v.?ing/v.?ed/to
do/adj./adv./prep.”构成。此结构中，名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用，其他部分表示状态、状况或动作。独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子主体部分分开。[名师点津] 独立主格构成形式：(1)独立分词结构：名词或代词主格＋分词(2)独立不定式结构：名词或代词主格＋不定式(3)名词或代词主格＋形容词(副词、名词、介词短语)(4)There/It/This/That
being＋名词/代词主格(5)with复合结构
It
is
said
that
this
boy,
who
had
a
great
gift
for
languages
and
persuasion,
is
the
father
of
the
Manchu
people.(P39)
(1)单句语法填空①He
is
thought
(act)
foolishly.
Now
he
has
no
one
but
himself
to
blame
for
losing
the
job.②Carbon
dioxide
is
said
(heat)
the
earth
twice
as
quickly
as
previously
feared.答案：①to
have
acted ②to
be
heating(2)一句多译据说前几天她写了一篇关于野生动物保护的报告。①
she
wrote
a
report
about
wildlife
protection
the
other
day.②She
about
wildlife
protection
the
other
day.答案：①It
is
said
that ②is
said
to
have
written
a
report
句中It
is
said
that
...
为固定句式，意为“据说……”，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。该结构相当于people
say
that
...，还可以改成“Sb.
is
said
to
do
sth.”结构，其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。类似结构：
课文语法填空分钟
I
have
the
greatest
job
in
the
world.
I
travel
to
unusual
places
and
work
alongside
people
from
all
over
the
world.
Although
my
job
is
occasionally
1
(danger),
I
don't
mind
because
danger
excites
me
and
makes
me
feel
alive.
I
2
(appoint)
as
a
volcanologist
working
for
the
Hawaiian
Volcano
Observatory
twenty
years
ago.
My
job
is
collecting
information
for
a
database
about
Mount
Kilauea,
3
is
one
of
the
most
active
volcanoes
in
Hawaii.
Having
collected
and
evaluated
the
4
(inform),
I
help
other
volcanologists
to
predict
where
lava
from
the
volcano
will
flow
next
and
how
fast.
Our
work
has
saved
many
lives
because
people
5
the
path
of
the
lava
can
be
warned
to
leave
their
houses.
6
(fortunate),
we
cannot
move
their
homes
out
of
the
way,
and
many
houses
have
been
covered
with
lava
or
burned
to
7
ground.
Today,
I
am
just
8
enthusiastic
about
my
job
as
the
day
I
first
started.
9
(study)
volcanoes
now
for
many
years,
I
am
still
10
(amaze)
at
their
beauty
as
well
as
their
potential
to
cause
great
damage.
1． 2. 3. 4. 5.
6． 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.dangerous 2.was
appointed 3.which 4.information 5.in 6.Unfortunately 7.the 8.as 9.Having
studied 10.amazed
▲information
“信息”，为纯不可数名词，即在任何情况下都没有复数形式，前面也不可加不定冠词。高中阶段常见的纯不可数名词还有：progress
(进步)，advice
(建议)，equipment
(设备)，space
(空间),
fun
(有趣)等。
▲“Having
collected
and
evaluated”是现在分词的完成式，在句中作状语。现在分词与句子的逻辑主语之间是主动关系。现在分词的一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动词表示的动作同时或几乎同时发生，而现在分词的完成式则表示该动作早于句子谓语动词表示的动作发生。
随堂检测分钟
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．A
fire
broke
out
in
our
town
recently
and
a
large
factory
(burn)
to
the
ground.
答案：was
burned/burnt
2．He
made
his
reasons
for
resigning
(absolute)
clear.
答案：absolutely
3．The
pop
star
walked
out
of
the
stage,
(wave)her
hands
elegantly
to
her
crazy
fans.
答案：waving
4．It
is
the
second
time
that
the
volcano
(erupt)
in
less
than
a
month.
答案：has
erupted
5．This
study
may
contribute
to
treating
(anxious)
and
stress
better.
答案：anxiety
6．I
was
about
to
hand
in
the
paper
I
found
another
mistake
and
then
corrected
it
carefully.
答案：when
7．This
(be)
my
first
performance,
I
was
so
nervous
that
I
felt
I
could
hardly
breathe.
答案：being
8．
(wait)
in
the
queue
for
half
an
hour,
the
old
man
suddenly
realized
he
had
left
the
cheque
in
the
car.
答案：Having
waited
9．The
sun
began
to
rise
in
the
sky,
(bathe)
the
mountain
in
golden
light.
答案：bathing
10．Changbaishan
is
China's
largest
nature
reserve
and
is
home
roe
deer.
答案：to
Ⅱ.教材微写作
A．根据提示完成句子
1．我的朋友李华是一个很有潜力的人。(potential
abilities)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：My
friend,
Li
Hua,
is
a
person
who
has
potential
abilities.
2．大学毕业后他被任命为一名消防队员。(appoint
...
as
...
)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：After
graduating
from
college,
he
was
appointed
as
a
firefighter.
3．一天下班后，他正要去购物，这时他发现一间房屋着火了。(break
out)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：One
day
after
work,
he
was
about
to
go
shopping
when
he
found
a
fire
broke
out
in
a
house.
4．跑到现场，他匆匆地看了一下火情，穿过人群，不惊不慌地冲进燃烧的建筑物里。(glance
through)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：Rushing
to
the
spot
and
glancing
through
the
situation
of
the
fire,
he
made
his
way
through
the
crowd
without
panic,
and
went
into
the
burning
building.
5．他冒着生命危险救出了被困的五个孩子。(risk)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：Risking
his
own
life,
he
saved
five
children
trapped
in
the
fire.
6．他的英勇行为受到了同事和领导的表扬。(because
of)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
答案：Because
of
his
heroic
behavior,
he
was
praised
by
his
colleagues
and
leader.
B．将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范
答案：My
friend,
Li
Hua,
is
a
person
who
has
potential
abilities.
After
graduating
from
college,
he
was
appointed
as
a
firefighter.
One
day
after
work,
he
was
about
to
go
shopping
when
he
found
a
fire
broke
out
in
a
house.
Rushing
to
the
spot
and
glancing
through
the
situation
of
the
fire,
he
made
his
way
through
the
crowd
without
panic,
and
went
into
the
burning
building.
Risking
his
own
life,
he
saved
five
children
trapped
in
the
fire.
Because
of
his
heroic
behavior,
he
was
praised
by
his
colleagues
and
leader.单元拓能训练
单元话题写作——说明文
如果说某些自然灾害无法抗拒，那么有些灾害却是人类自己造成的，比如酸雨(acid
rain)、沙尘暴(sandstorms)等。请根据下面的提示写一篇保护环境的短文，呼吁人们爱护人类的生存环境，造福后代。内容要点包括：
1．原因及后果：人类过度砍伐，乱排乱放污染物；水土流失，沙尘暴，酸雨。
2．措施：……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[精彩范文]
People
have
suffered
many
natural
disasters,
but
some
disasters
are
caused
by
men,
such
as
acid
rain
and
sandstorms.
For
many
years,
people
have
cut
down
too
many
forests
for
their
own
benefit
but
haven't
replanted
the
trees.
So
when
it
rains,
soil
is
washed
away
and
large
areas
of
land
become
desert.
And
sandstorms
occur
when
strong
wind
blows.
Besides,
many
factories
pour
untreated
water
into
rivers
directly,
and
release
poisonous
gas
into
the
air,
which
causes
acid
rain.
To
protect
our
earth,
we
should
stop
such
destruction.
We
should
plant
more
trees
and
take
good
care
of
them.
What's
more,
laws
must
be
made
to
monitor
or
punish
those
who
damage
the
environment.
What
is
most
important
is
to
teach
people
how
to
preserve
the
earth,
so
that
it
will
benefit
the
following
generations.
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