人教版（新课程标准）必修4 Unit 2 Working the land 练习含解析（6份打包）

Unit
2　Working
the
land　
Learning
about
Language
语法精讲·探究学习
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
①Since
then,
finding
ways
to
grow
more
rice
has
been
his
life
goal.
②As
a
young
man,
he
saw
the
great
need
for
increasing
the
rice
output.
③Yuan
Longping
searched
for
a
way
to
increase
rice
harvests
without
expanding
the
area
of
the
fields.
④However,
he
doesn’t
care
about
being
famous.
⑤He
enjoys
listening
to
violin
music,
playing
mah-jong,
swimming
and
reading.
⑥Spending
money
on
himself
or
leading
a
comfortable
life
also
means
very
little
to
him.
⑦Just
dreaming
for
things,
however,
costs
nothing.
⑧He
awoke
from
his
dream
with
the
hope
of
producing
a
kind
of
rice
that
could
feed
more
people.
观察上面句子,
思考黑体部分所作的成分:
以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是①⑥⑦;
作动词宾语的是⑤;
作介词(短语)宾语的是②③④⑧。
概念:
动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式。
动词-ing形式的时态和语态:
　　语态时态　　　
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
doing
being
done
完成式
having
done
having
been
done
　　动词-ing形式在句中的语法作用:
在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
一、动词-ing形式作主语
1.
动词-ing形式作主语
动词-ing形式作主语时,
多表示经常性、习惯性的动作,
谓语动词多用单数形式。
Using
cocaine
increases
the
user’s
heart
rate
and
blood
pressure.
使用可卡因会加快使用者的心率并使血压升高。
Wasting
a
person’s
time
is
the
same
as
killing
him
for
his
property.
浪费一个人的时间无异于谋财害命。
意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时,
谓语动词需用复数形式。
Listening
to
the
English
tapes
and
watching
English
films
are
good
ways
to
learn
English.
听英文磁带和看英文电影是学英语的好方法。
2.
形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语
It
is
no
use
talking
to
him—he
won’t
listen.
跟他谈没有用,
他不会听的。
It
is
a
waste
of
time
talking
about
such
useless
things.
谈论这些没用的事情是在浪费时间。
【知识延伸】
(1)It
is+adj.
+doing
sth.
It
is/feels
funny
doing
sth.
　　　　做某事(感觉)很有趣
It
is
useless
doing
sth.
做某事无用
It
is
worthwhile
doing
sth.
做某事是值得的
(2)It
is
a
waste
of+n.
+doing
sth.
It
is
a
waste
of
time
doing
sth.
做某事是浪费时间
(3)It
is
no+
n.
+doing
sth.
It
is
no
good/no
use/no
fun
doing
sth.
做某事没好处/没用/没意思
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
(1)(2019·天津高考)Learning
(learn)
to
think
critically
is
an
important
skill
today’s
children
will
need
for
the
future.
(2)It
is
a
waste
of
time
trying
(try)
to
persuade
him
to
give
up
playing
computer
games.
(3)It
is
worthwhile
reading
(read)
such
a
wonderful
novel.
(4)It’s
no
use
complaining
(complain)
without
taking
action.
二、动词-ing形式作宾语
1.
作动词的宾语
常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆:
避免错过少延期(avoid,
miss,
postpone)
建议完成多练习(advise/suggest,
finish,
practise)
喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy,
imagine,
can’t
help)
承认否定与嫉妒(admit,
deny,
envy)
逃避冒险莫原谅(escape,
risk,
excuse)
忍受保持不介意(stand,
keep,
mind)
He
suggested
going
to
visit
our
grandparents.
他建议去看望我们的(外)祖父母。
She
doesn’t
mind
being
laughed
at.
她不介意被人嘲笑。
2.
作动词短语的宾语
常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有:
insist
on,
object
to,
be
good
at,
be
fond
of,
lead
to,
put
off,
give
up,
look
forward
to,
feel
like,
devote.
.
.
to,
get/be
used
to,
pay
attention
to,
be
worth等。
You
should
give
up
playing
computer
games.
你应该放弃玩电脑游戏。
3.
在有些动词的后面,
如:
start,
begin,
continue等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语,
两者意义区别不大。
If
you
continue
doing/to
do
what
you
are
doing,
you
are
in
deep
trouble.
如果你继续像现在这样做,
你的麻烦就大了。
4.
在love,
hate,
prefer,
like等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作,
用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。
He
likes
swimming
but
he
doesn’t
like
to
swim
this
afternoon.
他喜欢游泳,
但是今天下午他不想游泳。
5.
有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语均可,
但含义不同。常见的有:
动词
宾语的形式
意义
forget
to
do
忘记去做……
doing
忘记做过……
remember
to
do
记着要去做……
doing
记得做过……
regret
to
do
遗憾/抱歉要做……
doing
后悔做了……
try
to
do
尽力做……
doing
尝试做……
mean
to
do
打算做……
doing
意味着……
go
on
to
do
接着做(另外一件事)
doing
接着做(同一件事)
Don’t
forget
to
say“Thank
you”
when
someone
has
helped
you.
当有人帮助了你时不要忘记说“谢谢”。
I
forgot
closing
the
windows
when
I
returned
home.
我回到家的时候,
忘记已经关了窗户。
6.
下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,
相当于不定式的被动形式。
need/want/require/deserve
doing
=need/want/require/deserve
to
be
done
The
window
needs/requires/wants
cleaning/to
be
cleaned.
窗户需要擦了。
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空。
①We
don’t
allow
diving
(dive)
in
the
pool.
②I
often
practise
listening(listen)
and
speaking
(speak).
③The
boy
was
lucky
to
escape
being
punished
(punish).
?
(2)这个问题值得讨论。
→The
question
deserved
discussing.
?
→The
question
deserved
to
be
discussed.
?
三、动词-ing形式的否定形式
　动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前面加not,
带有逻辑主语时,
not应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing形式之间。
Not
knowing
how
to
use
a
computer
makes
it
more
difficult
for
him
to
do
his
academic
research.
不知道如何使用电脑使他更难进行学术研究。
(1)He
was
punished
for
not
having
done
his
homework(未完成作业).
?
(2)Not
passing
the
exam
(未能通过考试)made
him
disturbed.
?
(3)
I’m
sorry
for
not
having
kept
my
promise
(没有遵守我的承诺).
?
四、动词-ing形式的复合结构
　动词-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词-ing,
即“sb.
/sb.
’s+doing”构成。动词-ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词-ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:
①形容词性物主代词+动词-ing
②名词’s所有格+动词-ing
③代词宾格+动词-ing
④名词+动词-ing
Would
you
mind
me/my
opening
the
window?
你介意我打开窗户吗?
We
are
looking
forward
to
Professor
Smith’s/Professor
Smith
coming
to
give
us
a
speech
next
week.
我们盼望着史密斯教授下周来给我们做一次演讲。
动词-ing形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时,
不能用代词的宾格和名词的普通格形式。
(1)Excuse
me
for
my
not
coming
on
time.
?
抱歉,
我没能按时来。
(2)His
father’s
being
ill
made
him
worried.
?
他父亲病了,
使他很担心。
(3)I
can’t
imagine
Mary’s/Mary
marrying
such
a
man.
?
我无法想象玛丽竟然嫁给了这么一个人。
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
选词填空
1.
It
is
no
good
saying
such
ugly
words
to
him.
(saying/to
say)
2.
Would
you
mind
turning
down
your
radio?
(turning/turned)
3.
I
don’t
remember
ever
meeting
you
somewhere.
(meeting/to
meet)
4.
There
is
no
use
keeping
silent
about
such
a
matter.
(keeping/to
keep)
5.
Planting
many
trees
is
very
good
for
our
environment.
(is/are)
6.
The
windows
haven’t
been
cleaned
for
a
long
time.
They
need
cleaning.
(cleaning/cleaned)
7.
We
can’t
imagine
her
succeeding
in
the
entrance
examination,
for
she
has
never
been
to
school.
(succeed/succeeding)
8.
Seeing
the
funny
scene,
I
can’t
help
laughing.
(laughing/to
laugh)
9.
Do
you
feel
like
going
out
or
would
you
rather
have
dinner
at
home?
(going/to
go)
10.
His
not
getting
to
the
station
on
time
made
everyone
worried
last
week.
(not
get/not
getting)
?
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
The
book
is
worth
reading
a
second
time.
?
这本书值得再读一次。
2.
We
are
looking
forward
to
hearing
from
Mr
Li.
?
我们期待着李先生的来信。
3.
It’s
fun
spending
the
holiday
at
the
beach.
?
在海边度假很有趣。
4.
Tom’s
being
so
careless
caused
so
much
trouble.
?
汤姆这么粗心,
造成了不少麻烦。
5.
The
baby
was
made
awake
by
the
door
suddenly
shutting.
?
这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。
6.
It
is
a
waste
of
time
persuading
such
a
person
to
join
us.
?
劝说这样一个人加入我们是浪费时间。
7.
The
bike
needs
repairing/to
be
repaired.
?
这辆自行车需要修一下。
8.
Missing
the
train
means
waiting
for
another
hour.
?
误了这班火车就意味着再等一个小时。
9.
I
don’t
like
watching
television
but
I
enjoy
listening
to
the
radio.
?
我不喜欢看电视,
但是喜欢听收音机。
10.
I
regret
to
tell
you
that
your
mother
is
badly
ill,
but
you
needn’t
regret
leaving
her
alone.
?
很遗憾地告诉你你母亲病得很重,
但你不需要为留下她独自一人而后悔。
　　使用本单元所学语法类型结合主题语境翻译下面语段。
　　中国是一个有十三亿人口的大国。在过去的二十多年间,
中国发生了巨大的变化,
尤其在农业方面。中国仅有世界7%的土地,
却成功地养活了世界22%的人口。其耕地(farming
land)的灌溉面积是世界上最大的,
种植了世界三分之一的大米。渔业也非常重要,
淡水鱼随处可见。废弃的蔬菜(vegetable
waste)被用来养猪、养鸡;
人和动物的粪便(waste)产生的气体被用来供热和做饭。如果世界上其他地方也像中国一样重视并发展农业,
就不会再有饥饿。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
The
Development
of
Agriculture
in
China
　　China
is
a
large
country
with
a
population
of
1.
3
billion.
In
the
past
twenty
years,
great
changes
have
taken
place
in
China,
especially
in
agriculture
where
modern
biotechnology
plays
an
important
part.
China
only
has
occupied
the
world
7%
land,
which
has
supported
22%
population
in
the
world.
The
irrigation
area
of
farming
land
is
the
largest
in
the
world,
which
actually
has
planted
the
world’s
1/3
rice.
Besides,
fishing
is
also
important.
Freshwater
fish
can
be
seen
everywhere.
Vegetable
waste
is
used
to
feed
pigs
and
chickens.
Gas
produced
from
human
and
animal
waste
is
used
for
heating
and
cooking.
If
the
rest
of
the
world
also
fully
emphasized
and
developed
agriculture
like
China,
there
would
be
no
starvation.
课时素养评价
五　Unit
2　Learning
about
Language
Ⅰ.
用所给词的适当形式填空
1.
He
succeeded
in
persuading
(persuade)
her
to
do
the
job.
?
2.
The
flowers
need
watering/to
be
watered
(water)or
they
will
die.
?
3.
Your
being
right
doesn’t
necessarily
mean
my
being
wrong.
(be)
4.
Making
(make)
friends
plays
an
important
part
in
our
life.
5.
The
bird
was
lucky
and
it
just
missed
being
caught
(catch).
?
6.
It
is
no
use
waiting
(wait)
for
other
people
to
make
decisions
for
you.
7.
All
the
boys
are
looking
forward
to
going
(go)
forward
to
the
National
Park.
8.
There
is
no
denying(deny)
that
the
environment
is
from
bad
to
worse.
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
We
are
busy
(in)
preparing
for
the
coming
exam.
?
我们正忙着为即将到来的考试做准备。
2.
It
is
no
use
telling
him
not
to
worry.
?
告诉他不要担心是没有用的。
3.
His
getting
up
late
in
the
morning
made
him
late
for
the
class.
?
他早上起晚了,
导致他上课迟到了。
4.
It’s
a
waste
of
time
playing
computer
games
for
such
a
long
time.
玩这么长时间的电脑游戏是浪费时间。?
5.
If
the
TV
needs
repairing/to
be
repaired,
please
let
me
know
as
soon
as
possible.
?
如果这台电视需要修理的话,
请尽快通知我。
6.
Do
you
hear
the
sound
of
the
door
being
opened??
你听见开门声了吗?
7.
I
still
remember
visiting
the
museum
for
the
first
time.
?
我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
8.
The
manager
meant
to
tell
the
workers
that
being
5
minutes
late
meant
leaving
the
company.
?
经理打算告诉工人们迟到5分钟意味着离开公司。
9.
They
continued
working/to
work
as
if
nothing
had
happened.
?
他们继续工作,
似乎什么也没发生过。
10.
More
and
more
old
people
go
to
the
universities
for
the
aged
in
order
to
avoid
being
cut
off
from
the
outside
world.
?
为了避免与外界隔绝,
越来越多的老年人上老年大学。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
(2020·临川高一检测)
　　The
third-generation
hybrid
rice(杂交水稻)which
was
developed
by
Yuan
Longping,
the
“father
of
hybrid
rice”,
and
his
team
ran
its
first
public
output
monitoring
from
Monday
to
Tuesday
and
achieved
high
output.
The
final
yield
of
the
tested
variety,
G3-1S/P19,
came
to
1046.
3
kg
per
mu(about
667
square
meters),
based
on
two
pieces
of
land
in
Qingzhu
Village
under
the
city
of
Hengyang
in
central
China’s
Hunan
Province.
　　“Some
previous
high-yielding
hybrid
rice
varieties
in
China
took
160
to
even
180
days
from
sowing
to
harvesting,
while
the
figure
was
shortened
to
around
125
days
for
the
new
variety.
This
is
one
of
the
most
important
features(特征)of
the
third-generation
hybrid
rice
that
can
reduce
the
use
of
pesticides(杀虫剂)and
fertilizers(化肥),
thus
reducing
cost
and
improving
production
efficiency.
”
said
Qian
Qian,
the
deputy
director
of
the
China
National
Rice
Research
Institute.
　　Unlike
the
previous
two
generations
that
required
a
large
amount
of
water
and
fertilizers
as
well
as
demanding
growing
conditions
and
technological
support,
the
third-generation
hybrid
rice
is
easier
to
be
cultivated(种植)by
ordinary
farmers.
So
the
soil,
altitude
and
climate
of
the
test
site
were
not
“ideal
conditions”
carefully
selected
beforehand
but
were
close
to
the
paddies(稻田)of
ordinary
farmers.
　　Nowadays,
China’s
average
yield
of
rice
is
about
500
kg
per
mu.
Ordinary
farmers
can
produce
600
kg
to
700
kg
of
rice
per
mu
by
growing
some
excellent
second-generation
hybrid
rice
varieties.
However,
under
the
same
planting
conditions
and
environment,
the
output
of
the
third-generation
hybrid
rice
could
reach
800
kg
per
mu.
China
now
feeds
around
20
percent
of
the
world’s
population
with
less
than
9
percent
of
the
world’s
arable(可耕种的)land.
At
present,
Yuan’s
team
has
nine
third-generation
hybrid
rice
combinations
under
trial,
which
are
expected
to
achieve
commercial
seed
production
in
the
following
three
to
four
years
and
hope
to
apply
the
technology
into
the
research
of
sea
rice.
The
third-generation
hybrid
rice
has
the
comprehensive
strength
to
promote
a
greener
and
more
sustainable
development
of
China’s
rice
production
with
higher
quality
and
yield.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道,
讲述了由“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平和他的团队开发的第三代杂交水稻进行了第一次公共产量监测,
并取得了高产。第三代杂交水稻具备以更高的品质和产量推动我国水稻生产更绿色、更可持续发展的综合实力。
1.
What
feature
of
the
new
hybrid
rice
does
Qian
Qian
mainly
talk
about?
A.
It
saves
a
lot
more
water.
B.
It
achieves
a
higher
yield.
C.
It
saves
much
more
farmland.
D.
It
has
a
shorter
growing
period.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Some
previous
high-yielding
hybrid
rice
varieties
in
China
took
160
to
even
180
days
from
sowing
to
harvesting,
while
the
figure
was
shortened
to
around
125
days
for
the
new
variety.
”可知,
第三代杂交水稻的特点是种植周期短。故选D。
2.
Why
is
the
new
hybrid
rice
not
tested
in
ideal
areas?
A.
The
ordinary
farmers
master
planting
technology.
B.
The
researchers
want
to
reduce
the
experiment
cost.
C.
The
growing
conditions
the
new
hybrid
rice
needs
are
simple.
D.
The
previous
rice
farming
provides
researchers
with
experience.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段内容“Unlike
the
previous
two
generations
that
required
a
large
amount
of
water
and
fertilizers
as
well
as.
.
.
carefully
selected
beforehand
but
were
close
to
the
paddies
of
ordinary
farmers.
”可知,
第三代杂交水稻所需要的种植条件非常简单。故选C。
3.
What
is
the
fourth
paragraph
mainly
about?
A.
The
high
output
of
the
third-generation
hybrid
rice.
B.
The
future
of
the
new
hybrid
rice
variety.
C.
The
advanced
technology
of
the
research
on
hybrid
rice.
D.
The
differences
between
the
three
hybrid
rice
varieties.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Nowadays,
China’s
average
yield
of
rice.
.
.
China
now
feeds
around
20
percent
of
the
world’s
population
with
less
than
9
percent
of
the
world’s
arable
land.
”可知,
第四段主要讲述了第三代杂交水稻的高产特点。故选A。
4.
Where
is
this
text
most
likely
from?
A.
A
guide
book.
　　　　
B.
A
news
report.
C.
An
advertisement.
D.
A
fashion
magazine.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段内容“The
third-generation
hybrid
rice.
.
.
based
on
two
pieces
of
land
in
Qingzhu
Village
under
the
city
of
Hengyang
in
central
China’s
Hunan
Province.
”可知,
文章主要讲述了第三代杂交水稻的成功监测并取得了高产。所以本文最有可能取自于新闻报道。故选B。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
　　Hello,
Mr
Wi-Fi.
Life
without
you
is
next
to
impossible
now.
We’re
happy
to
sing
your
name
from
morning
till
evening,
sometimes
till
dawn.
　1　
I
know
you
help
me,
sometimes
you’re
making
me
do
things
with
　2　
attention.
Many
times
I
promise
myself
that
I’ll
　3　
my
feelings
towards
you,
but
you’re
　4　
me
closer
and
closer.
You’ve
entered
both
my
home
and
my
　5　.
You’re
just
a
window
for
our
　6　
and
information.
But
we
people
aren’t
　7　
only
with
the
window.
So
we
open
all
our
　8　
for
you.
Is
this
a(n)
　9　
or
some
kind
of
attachment?
If
this
is
an
illness,
is
it
curable?And
if
this
is
an
attachment,
will
you
　10　
me
the
lifelong
togetherness??
We
want
you
all
the
time.
Can’t
you
take
a
few
days
off
so
that
both
you
and
I
can
　11　?You’re
a
poison—not
a
slow
one
but
a
super
　12　
poison
which
holds
our
mind
and
makes
us
dance
　13　
its
tune.
Nowadays
you’re
so
　14　
that
anyone
can
buy
and
make
you
our
　15　.
You’ll
never
worry
about
our
health
but
we’ll
　16　
be
concerned
about
your
“health”.
Because
you
accompany
us
everywhere
and
never
let
us
be
alone.
?
If
you
were
a
　17　
person
made
of
flesh
and
blood
(血肉之躯),
would
we
love
you
the
same?
You
　18　
us
with
your
great
talents
and
we
even
can’t
get
rid
of
you.
We’re
all
your
　19　.
Sometimes
I
wonder
how
people
in
the
previous
generations
　20　,
but
if
they
did
why
can’t
we??
【文章大意】作者用诙谐的语气质问Wi-Fi,
因为对无线网络的依赖是现代人的一种通病。
1.
A.
Now
that　
B.
Only
if　　
C.
Though
　
D.
When
【解析】选C。考查连词。虽然作者知道Wi-Fi帮助了自己,
但是正是Wi-Fi的特殊作用让作者在做事的时候会分心。now
that既然;
only
if只有;
though虽然;
when当……时。
2.
A.
praised
B.
increased
C.
focused
D.
divided
【解析】选D。考查动词。虽然作者知道Wi-Fi帮助了自己,
但是正是Wi-Fi的特殊作用让作者在做事的时候会分心。praise表扬;
increase增加;
focus关注;
divide分开。
3.
A.
keep
in
B.
bring
back
C.
approve
of
D.
give
up
【解析】选A。考查动词短语。根据语境可知,
作者很多次都对自己承诺说要抑制自己对Wi-Fi的情感。keep
in抑制;
bring
back使回忆起,
使想起;
approve
of同意,
赞成;
give
up放弃。
4.
A.
drawing
B.
pushing
C.
forcing
D.
observing
【解析】选A。考查动词。根据语境可知,
此处形象生动地表现了作者不能抗拒Wi-Fi对自己的吸引。draw吸引;
push推;
force迫使;
observe
观察。
5.
A.
space
B.
soul
C.
society
D.
course
【解析】选B。考查名词。根据第二段You’re
a
poison—not
a
slow
one
but
a
super
_______poison
which
holds
our
mind
and
makes
us
dance
_______its
tune.
中的“holds
our
mind”可知Wi-Fi进入了作者的灵魂。space太空;
soul灵魂;
society社会;
course课程。?
6.
A.
entertainment
B.
argument
C.
expansion
D.
struggle
【解析】选A。考查名词。Wi-Fi(本来)只是我们娱乐和获取信息的窗口。entertainment娱乐;
argument争论;
expansion扩展;
struggle挣扎。
7.
A.
strict
B.
satisfied
C.
generous
D.
busy
【解析】选B。考查形容词。根据上文的“You’re
just
a
window
for
our
_______and
information.
”以及“But”所表示的转折关系可知,
此处表示人们并不满足于Wi-Fi仅仅是个窗口。strict严格的;
satisfied满意的;
generous大方的;
busy忙碌的。?
8.
A.
thoughts
B.
eyes
C.
exits
D.
doors
【解析】选D。考查名词。此处表示人们将Wi-Fi的作用扩大化,
不仅仅满足于其作为窗口的作用,
而是将所有的“门”打开迎接Wi-Fi。thought想法;
eye眼睛;
exit出口;
door大门。某种程度上而言,
door是window的“升级”。
9.
A.
disease
B.
inspiration
C.
routine
D.
phenomenon
【解析】选A。考查名词。根据下文If
this
is
an
illness,
is
it
curable?可知作者疑惑的是自己和其他人对Wi-Fi如此依赖的现象是否是一种病。disease疾病;
inspiration灵感;
routine惯例;
phenomenon现象。
10.
A.
recommend
B.
instruct
C.
promise
D.
adapt
【解析】选C。考查动词。如果对Wi-Fi的情感是一种依赖的话,
Wi-Fi能保证与作者一生都亲密无间吗?recommend推荐;
instruct指导;
promise许诺;
adapt适应。
11.
A.
persist
B.
relax
C.
progress
D.
fight
【解析】选B。考查动词。这里是诙谐地问:
“Wi-Fi你能不能给自己放几天假以便你和我都能放松一下?”persist坚持;
relax放松;
progress进步;
fight打架。
12.
A.
raw
B.
comfortable
C.
strong
D.
fast
【解析】选D。考查形容词。根据本句中的not
a
slow
one可知,
Wi-Fi并不是慢性毒药,
而是快速起效的毒药。raw生的,
不熟练的;
comfortable舒服的;
strong强大的;
fast快速的。
13.
A.
to
B.
against
C.
from
D.
within
【解析】选A。考查介词。Wi-Fi是一种能控制人们的思想并使人们随着它的音调起舞的毒药。dance
to随着……而舞。
14.
A.
affordable
B.
valuable
C.
active
D.
attractive
【解析】选A。考查形容词。根据下文的anyone
can
buy可知,
如今Wi-Fi的价格是如此低廉以至于任何人都能买到。affordable买得起的;
valuable有价值的;
active活跃的;
attractive吸引人的。
15.
A.
addition
B.
expert
C.
companion
D.
instrument
【解析】选C。考查名词。根据下文中Because
you
accompany
us
everywhere
and
never
let
us
be
alone可知,
如今Wi-Fi成为人们的同伴。addition添加物;
expert专家;
companion同伴;
instrument
乐器。
16.
A.
sometimes
B.
always
C.
never
D.
seldom
【解析】选B。考查副词。毫无生命的Wi-Fi是绝不会在意其用户健康的,
但是用户们会一直担心Wi-Fi的“健康”,
此处always和前面的never形成对比。
17.
A.
selfish
B.
dishonest
C.
responsible
D.
real
【解析】选D。考查形容词。根据made
of
flesh
and
blood可知,
作者想知道如果Wi-Fi是拥有血肉之躯的真实的人,
人们是否会一样喜欢它。selfish自私的;
dishonest不诚实的;
responsible负责任的;
real真实的。
18.
A.
control
B.
scold
C.
comfort
D.
challenge
【解析】选A。考查动词。根据上文作者介绍人们对Wi-Fi的依赖以及下文的we
even
can’t
get
rid
of
you可知,
Wi-Fi控制着人们。control控制;
scold责备;
comfort安慰;
challenge挑战。
19.
A.
friends
B.
slaves
C.
colleagues
D.
employers
【解析】选B。考查名词。根据语境可知,
Wi-Fi控制了人们,
即人们成了被其掌控的奴隶。friend朋友;
slave奴隶;
colleague同事;
employer雇主。
20.
A.
suffered
B.
connected
C.
survived
D.
surfed
【解析】选C。考查动词。根据in
the
previous
generations可知,
作者非常疑惑的是在早期没有Wi-Fi的时候人们是如何存活下来的。suffer遭受;
connect联系;
survive幸存,
存活;
surf
冲浪。
Ⅲ.
语法填空
　　阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·安庆高一检测)
People
eat
rice
all
over
the
world
　　Rice
is
grown
in
warm
climates,
mainly
in
Asia
1.
___________
there
is
a
lot
of
rain,
but
it
is
eaten
all
over
the
world.
?
　　One
of
2.
___________(popular)
dishes
in
Singapore
is
Hainan
Chicken
Rice.
It
is
seen
3.
___________
Singapore’s
national
dish!
This
dish
first
came
from
China
4.
___________(actual).
However,
influenced
by
Singaporean
cooking
styles,
it
has
changed
over
the
years.
?
　　In
China,
rice
is
eaten
up
to
three
times
a
day.
It
is
eaten
from
a
bowl
with
chopsticks,
but
Chinese
people
never
leave
their
chopsticks
5.
___________(stick)
up
their
bowls
of
rice.
This
6.
___________(remind)
people
of
making
offerings
to
the
dead.
?
　　In
Spain,
7.
___________
popular
rice
dish
is
called
Paella.
It
8.
___________
(cook)
with
lots
of
spices
(香料),
vegetables
and
mixed
seafood.
In
Japan,
Sushi
is
popular
as
a
kind
of
cooked
rice
with
sweet
vinegar,
often
9.
___________(serve)
with
raw
fish.
?
　　People
also
eat
rice
puddings
(布丁)
all
over
the
world.
In
Portugal,
rice
puddings
are
a
10.
___________(tradition)
part
of
a
Christmas
meal.
In
Thailand,
a
favorite
pudding
is
mango
and
sticky
rice
with
coconut
milk
(椰子汁).
In
South
American,
people
eat
rice
with
milk
and
some
spices.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,
介绍了一些国家吃米饭的风俗。
1.
【解析】where。考查定语从句。此处为限制性定语从句,
修饰先行词Asia,
且先行词在从句中作地点状语,
应用关系副词where引导。
2.
【解析】
the
most
popular。考查形容词最高级。句意:
海南鸡饭是新加坡最受欢迎的菜肴之一。结合句意表示“最受欢迎的”,
应用形容词最高级。
3.
【解析】
as。考查介词。句意:
它被视为新加坡的国菜!结合句意表示“把某人/某物看作……;
视为……”短语为see
sb.
/sth.
as.
.
.
,
此处为被动语态。
4.
【解析】actually。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰谓语came
from,
应用actual的副词形式actually,
表示“事实上”。
5.
【解析】sticking。考查非谓语动词。句意:
它是用筷子从碗里夹起来吃的,
但中国人的筷子从来不会插在饭碗上。分析句子结构可知,
stick在句中应用非谓语动词形式,
且此处表示“使某物保持做某事的状态”短语为leave
sth.
doing
sth.
故填sticking。
6.
【解析】
reminds。考查动词时态及主谓一致。remind在此表示一般性的事实,
应用一般现在时,
且主语为This,
故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。
7.
【解析】a。考查冠词。dish为可数名词,
此处表泛指,
应用不定冠词,
且popular的发音为辅音音素开头,
故用a。
8.
【解析】
is
cooked。考查动词时态及语态。主语It指代上句中的Paella,
与
cook之间为被动关系,
且在此表示一般性的事实,
应用一般现在时的被动语态,
主语为It,
谓语动词用单数。
9.
【解析】
served。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,
serve在句中应用非谓语动词形式,
且Sushi与serve之间在逻辑上为被动关系,
应用过去分词作状语。
10.
【解析】
traditional。考查形容词。此处作定语修饰part,
应用形容词traditional,
表示“传统的”。
PAGEUnit
2　Working
the
land　
Using
Language
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
用本单元适当的单词补全短语
1.
confuse
the
students使学生迷惑
2.
have
no
regret没有遗憾
3.
chemical
change化学变化
4.
at
each
stage
of
production在生产的每个阶段
5.
make
an
important
discovery有重大发现
6.
keep
the
soil
dry保持土壤干燥
7.
reduce
pollution
and
waste减少污染和浪费
8.
underline
the
topic
sentence画底线标出主题句
9.
skim
the
passage略读课文?
10.
make
a
comment发表评论
11.
the
root
of
the
problem问题的根源
Ⅱ.
根据语境用适当的词补全句子
1.
In
addition
to
my
studies,
I
got
involved
in
lots
of
social
activities.
2.
His
confidence
built
up
gradually
as
he
gained
more
and
more
experience
in
teaching.
3.
You’d
better
turn
to
your
teachers
and
classmates
for
help
when
meeting
with
any
difficulties
in
study.
4.
As
we
all
know,
success
lies
in
hard
work
while
laziness
leads
to
failure.
5.
Although
he
tried
to
focus
on
his
reading
in
the
study,
now
and
then
his
attention
was
attracted
by
the
loud
music
outside.
6.
The
teacher
often
makes
comments
on/about
how
different
the
two
boys
are.
7.
I
hope
you
will
keep
yourself
free
from/of
tobacco
and
alcohol.
8.
We
must
keep
in
mind
that
pride
goes
before
a
fall.
9.
It
was
foggy,
so
the
driver
had
to
reduce
speed
to
forty
kilometres
an
hour.
10.
In
the
supermarket
the
foreign
names
of
the
products
got
mixed
up
and
I
was
confused
about
what
to
buy.
?
Ⅲ.
根据课文及汉语提示补全句子
1.
Recently,
however,
scientists
have
been
finding
(已经发现)that
long-term
use
of
these
fertilizers
can
cause
damage
to
the
land
and,
even
more
dangerous,
to
people’s
health.
?
2.
In
addition,
fruit,
vegetables
and
other
food
grown
with
chemical
fertilizers
usually
grow
too
fast
to
be
full
of
much
nutrition(生长得过快而营养不足).
?
3.
Crops
such
as
peas
or
soybeans
put
important
minerals
back
into
the
soil,
making
it
ready
for
crops
such
as
wheat
or
corn
that
need
rich
and
fertile
soil(从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物,
比如小麦或玉米).
?
4.
They
feel
that
this
makes
the
soil
in
their
fields
richer
in(更富含)minerals
and
so
more
fertile(更肥沃).
?
　　　　　　　　　　　阅读精析·合作学习
　Task
1　框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
　Task
2　文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)From
the
passage,
we
can
see
organic
farmers
are
those
who
_______.
?
A.
grow
crops
with
chemical
fertilizers
B.
grow
crops
with
natural
fertilizers
C.
produce
organic
fertilizers
D.
care
for
the
environment
(2)From
the
fourth
paragraph,
we
know
that
_______.
?
A.
it’s
not
good
to
plant
grass
between
crops
B.
peanuts
use
the
ground’s
surface
C.
peas
and
soybeans
should
be
grown
together
with
corn
and
wheat
D.
vegetables
that
put
down
deep
roots
are
harmful
to
the
soil
(3)How
many
ways
do
the
organic
farmers
have
to
keep
their
soil
fertile
and
healthy?
A.
3.
　　　　B.
4.
　　　　C.
5.
　　　　D.
6.
答案:
(1)～(3)BBB
2.
运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
译文:
为了阻止风把土壤吹走或水把土壤冲走,
使用有机耕作的农民们更喜欢在作物之间种草并且把它留在地里成为下一年作物的天然肥料。
根据文章内容完成空格。
CHEMICAL
OR
ORGANIC
FARMING?
Scientists’
discovery
◆Long-term
use
of
chemical
fertilizers
can
cause
(1)damage
to
the
land
and
people’s
health.
Problems
caused
by
chemical
fertilizers
◆They
damage
the
land
by
killing
the
helpful
bacteria
and
pests
as
well
as
the
(2)harmful
ones.
◆Chemicals
stay
in
the
ground
and
underground
water
for
a
long
time,
which
(3)affects
crops,
animals
and
humans.
Farmers
and
customers
turn
to
organic
farming
◆Organic
farming
is
simply
farming
(4)without
using
any
chemicals.
◆Organic
farmers
often
prefer
using
natural
waste
from
animals
as
(5)fertilizer.
Other
methods
to
keep
the
soil
fertile.
◆They
often
change
the
kind
of
(6)crop
in
each
field
every
few
years.
◆Organic
farmers
plant
crops
to
use
different
levels
of
(7)soil.
◆Some
organic
farmers
prefer
planting
(8)grass
between
crops
to
prevent
wind
or
water
from
carrying
away
the
soil,
and
then
leaving
it
in
the
ground
to
become
a
natural
fertilizer
for
the
next
year’s
crop.
Task
3　阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
结合课文主题,
回答下列问题。
What
do
you
know
about
organic
farming
in
general?
Organic
farming
is
important
as
more
and
more
people
focus
on
the
quality
of
the
food
we
eat.
It
means
growing
crops
without
using
any
chemicals.
The
main
reason
for
using
organic
farming
methods
is
to
grow
good
food
and
avoid
damaging
the
environment
and
people’s
health.
?
2.
根据提示,
运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)他过去很胖,
人们经常议论(comment)他的身材,
这让他很烦恼。(make+宾语+宾语补足语)。
(2)妈妈告诉他他应该锻炼,
因为这有助于他增强体质(build
up).
(3)他按照妈妈告诉他的那样去做了,
减轻了(reduce)10千克体重。
(4)他成为了社区的焦点(focus)人物,
许多人问他是如何成功减肥的。
He
used
to
be
overweight
and
people
were
always
making
comments
on
his
shape,
which
made
him
annoyed.
His
mother
told
him
that
he
should
take
exercise
because
it
could
help
him
build
up
his
body.
He
did
as
his
mother
told
him
and
reduced
his
weight
by
10
kilos.
He
became
the
focus
of
his
community
and
many
people
asked
him
how
he
managed
to
lose
weight.
?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　要点精研·探究学习
1.
confuse
vt.
使迷惑;
使为难
It
is
important
to
explain
this
again
or
we
will
confuse
the
students.
再次对此作出解释是很重要的,
否则我们会让学生们感到迷惑的。
Don’t
confuse
the
word
“crop”
with
“grain”.
不要把“crop”和“grain”这两个单词弄混了。
I
am
still
a
bit
confused
about
what
happened.
我对发生的事仍有点困惑。
The
instructions
are
so
confusing
that
I
am
totally
confused.
说明书太令人费解了,
我完全糊涂了。
(1)confuse
A
with
B　把A与B混淆
(2)confused
adj.
(人)不知所措的;
困惑的
be
confused
about.
.
.
对……感到困惑
(3)confusing
adj.
(事/物)令人困惑的;
难懂的
v.
-ing形式的形容词表示“事物”的性质和特征,
意为“……的;
令人……的”;
v.
-ed形式的形容词往往表示“人”所处的状态,
常用来描述人,
意为“感到……的”。另外,
修饰face,
look,
expression,
voice等时,
常用v.
-ed形式的形容词。
【巧学助记】一言串记confuse
From
his
confused
expression,
the
student
is
confused
about
the
confusing
problem.
从他困惑的表情看,
这个学生对这个令人困惑的问题感到困惑。
(2019·江苏高考)
In
one
week
he
was
the
confused
owner
of
a
cone
five
hundred
feet
high.
一周内,
他就成了拥有一个500英尺高的圆锥体的困惑主人。
(1)
语法填空。
①This
is
a
very
confusing
(confuse)
experience.
②We
felt
confused
with
the
difficult
question.
③I’m
very
confused
about
English
pronunciation.
(2)同义句改写。
He
was
confused
with
the
present
situation
so
he
didn’t
know
what
to
do
next.
(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)
Confused
with
the
present
situation,
he
didn’t
know
what
to
do
next.
?
2.
regret
vt.
遗憾;
惋惜n.
遗憾;
懊悔
—You
should
say
sorry
to
your
brother.
—No,
I
don’t
regret
quarrelling
with
him.
——你应该向你的兄弟道歉。
——不,
我不后悔与他吵架。
I
regret
to
tell
you
that
I
can’t
travel
to
Beijing
together
with
you
at
the
appointed
time.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京旅游了。
Much
to
my
regret/To
my
great
regret,
I
am
unable
to
accept
your
invitation.
令我深感遗憾的是,
我不能接受你的邀请。
(1)regret
doing/having
done.
.
.
　后悔做了……
regret
to.
.
.
对要做的事情感到遗憾
(2)with
regret
遗憾地
to
one’s
regret
令某人遗憾的是
feel
regret
for
为……感到遗憾
(3)regrettable
adj.
可惜的,
可叹的
【巧学助记】
regret用法串记
I
regretted
to
tell
her
that
she
had
been
dismissed.
Much
to
my
regret,
she
said
to
me,
“I
have
no
regret.
I
only
regret
having
taken
the
wrong
job.
”
我很遗憾地告诉她她被解雇了。让我深感遗憾的是,
她对我说:
“我没有任何遗憾,
我只是后悔选错了工作。”
(2019·浙江高考)When
she
hung
up,
she
regretted
the
way
she
had
handled
the
call.
当她挂断电话时,
她对她处理电话的方式感到遗憾。
Anger
begins
with
folly
and
ends
with
regret.
愤怒以愚蠢开始,
以悔恨结束。(喻指:
由于冲动而导致的愤怒,
最终会后悔发生的事情。)
(1)
语法填空。
①Jerry
did
not
regret
giving/having
given(give)
the
comment
but
felt
that
he
could
have
expressed
it
differently.
?
②I
regret
to
inform(inform)
you
that
your
team
is
defeated.
?
③It’s
regrettable(regret)
that
classical
music
receives
so
little
attention.
④We
heard
with
regret
that
you
were
not
successful
in
your
plan.
(2)
我对发生的事真的感到后悔。
I
really
feel
regret
for
what
happened.
?
(3)
遗憾的是,
我们错过了最后一班公共汽车。
To
our
regret,
we
missed
the
final
bus.
?
3.
focus
n.
焦点;
中心点　vt.
集中;
聚焦
They
focus
on
keeping
their
soil
rich
and
free
of
disease.
他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。
I
can’t
focus
my
attention
on
study
with
so
much
noise
outside.
外面噪音这么大,
我不能把注意力集中在学习上。
The
incident
brought
the
problem
of
violence
in
schools
into
focus.
这次事件使校园暴力问题成为焦点。
(1)focus
on　　集中(注意力、精力等)于
focus
one’s
attention/one’s
thoughts/one’s
eyes
on.
.
.
集中注意力/思想于……/眼睛注视着……
(2)bring/throw
sth.
into
focus
使集中在焦点上;
使清楚起来;
使明朗化;
使突出
【知识延伸】与focus
on同义的短语还有:
concentrate.
.
.
on;
keep
one’s
eyes
on;
fix.
.
.
on;
center
on
(1)
语法填空。
①Having
focused
his
attention
on
urgent
problems,
he
hardly
has
time
to
play
games
with
you.
②Bring
the
subject
into
focus
if
you
want
to
have
a
good
picture.
③With
his
attention
focused
(focus)
on
his
homework,
he
forgot
all
about
what
I
had
told
him.
(2)一句多译。
他集中精力学习。
①He
focused
his
attention
on
his
study.
(focus)?
②He
fixed
his
attention
on
his
study.
(fix)?
③He
was
absorbed
in
his
study.
(absorb)?
④He
applied
himself
to
his
study.
(apply)?
⑤He
concentrated
his
attention
on
his
study.
(concentrate)?
4.
reduce
vt.
减少;
减缩
A
healthy
soil
reduces
disease
and
helps
crops
grow
strong
and
healthy.
健康的土壤减少了病害,
并且有助于农作物的茁壮成长。
The
number
of
employees
was
reduced
from
40
to
25.
雇员人数从40人减少到了25人。
If
you
buy
more
than
ten,
they
will
reduce
the
price
by
10
percent.
你如果买10个以上,
他们就会把价格降低10%。
(1)reduce.
.
.
by.
.
.
　　　　把……减少了……
reduce.
.
.
to.
.
.
把……降到……
reduce.
.
.
from.
.
.
to.
.
.
把……从……减少到……
reduce
the
speed
降低速度
(2)reduction
n.
减少;
缩小
　　reduce“减少”的近义词是decrease,
反义词是increase,
rise(增加)。这三个词与reduce用法一样,
后可接to.
.
.
表示增减的结果,
接by.
.
.
表示增减的幅度。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It
turns
out
that
just
looking
at
green,
growing
things
can
reduce
stress.
事实证明,
只要看到绿色的、不断生长的东西就能减轻压力。
(1)语法填空。
①She
reduced
her
weight
by
6
kilos
to
30
kilos.
②She
is
almost
reduced(reduce)
to
a
skeleton.
(2)句式升级。
She
reduced
her
weight
by
6
kilos
to
30
kilos,
almost
reduced
to
a
skeleton.
(用过去分词短语作状语把上题①②两句连接成一个句子)?
5.
comment
n.
评论;
议论　vi.
&vt.
表达意见;
作出评论
She
made
helpful
comments
on
my
work.
她对我的工作作出了有益的评论。
I’m
not
in
a
position
to
comment
on
the
matter.
我无权对这件事发表评论。
—Can
you
say
something
about
the
present
situation?
—Sorry,
no
comment!
——你能对当前的形势说说自己的看法吗?
——对不起,
无可奉告!
(1)make
comments
on/about.
.
.
　　对……加以评论
No
comment!
无可奉告!
offer
comments
提意见
(2)comment
on/upon
sth.
对……发表评论
comment
that.
.
.
评论说……
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
Be
sure
to
use
online
course
evaluations
to
calmly
offer
your
comments.
务必使用在线课程评估来冷静地提供你的评论观点。
(1)语法填空。
①I
don’t
feel
I
can
comment
on
their
decision.
②I
think
I
can
make
comments
(comment)
on
their
tasks.
(2)Researchers
who
read
the
report
commented
that
it
had
many
mistakes.
?
读了这份报告的研究人员评论说里面错误百出。
6.
They
feel
that
this
makes
the
soil
in
their
fields
richer
in
minerals
and
so
more
fertile.
?
他们觉得这可以让地里的土壤更富含矿物质,
从而变得更肥沃。
【句式解构】
此句为主从复合句,
that引导的从句作动词feel的宾语。句中“makes
the
soil
in
their
fields
richer
in
minerals
and
so
more
fertile”为“make
+复合宾语”结构。其中“richer
in
minerals
and
so
more
fertile”为宾语补足语。
Many
farmers
fertilize
their
crops
in
order
to
make
them
grow
more
quickly.
许多农民给庄稼施肥是为了让它们长得更快。
I
wish
to
make
this
matter
known
to
the
general
public.
我想让公众知道这件事。
make+宾语+宾语补足语
make
sb.
do
sth.
　　　　　　(迫)
使某人做某事
make
sb.
/sth.
+形容词/副词
使……处于某种状态
make
sb.
/sth.
+名词
使……成为……,
让……当……
make
sb.
/sth.
done
使某人/物被……(宾语和宾语补足语之间是被动关系)
(1)语法填空。
①My
parents
would
like
to
make
me
study
(study)
24
hours
a
day.
②The
teacher
raised
his
voice
so
that
he
could
make
himself
heard
(hear).
?
(2)The
boy
has
an
eye
for
pictures,
which
makes
his
parents
very
happy.
?
这个男孩对画有鉴赏力,
这使他的父母很高兴。
【要点拾遗】
1.
build
up
逐渐增强;
建立;
开发
You
must
build
yourself
up
after
your
illness.
患病之后你必须增强体质。
Their
achievements
have
built
up
my
confidence
and
determination
in
my
career.
他们取得的成就增强了我对事业的信心和决心。
Taking
exercise
helps
us
build
up
our
body
and
keep
a
clear
mind.
锻炼有助于我们增强体质,
保持头脑清醒。
build
oneself
up　　　　　　　　　增强体质
build
up
a
fame
树立名声
build
up
one’s
health/body
增进健康
动词+up构成的短语
turn
up　　
　调大
set
up
建立
make
up
编造;
化妆
bring
up
抚养;
呕吐
take
up
占据;
从事
pick
up
拾起;
偶然学会;
用车接某人
(1)写出下列句中黑体部分的含义。
①Their
words
built
up
my
confidence
after
the
interview.
(增强)
②They
built
up
this
business
after
ten
years’
struggle.
(建立)
③It
is
reported
that
a
big
oil
well
has
been
built
up
in
the
South
Sea.
(开发)
(2)The
more
confidence
you
build
up
in
yourself,
the
greater
are
your
chances
of
success.
译:
你对自己建立的自信心越强,
成功机会就越大。
2.
lead
to
导致,
造成(后果)
Too
much
work
and
too
little
rest
often
lead
to
illness.
过多的工作和过少的休息常会引起疾病。
The
receptionist
led
the
way
to
the
meeting
room.
接待员引路来到了会议室。
What
was
it
that
led
you
to
say
that?
是什么导致你那样说的?
lead
a.
.
.
life　　　　　　过……的生活
lead.
.
.
to/into.
.
.
把……领到/领进……
lead
sb.
to
do.
.
.
使某人做……
lead
the
way
引路;
带路
　　lead
to中的to是介词,
后应接名词或动名词作宾语。同义于result
in/bring
about,
意为“导致”。
【巧学助记】语境巧记lead短语
He
led
the
way,
and
led
us
to
a
village
of
Tibet.
There
we
found
the
local
people
led
a
happy
life.
他带路,
把我们领到了西藏的一个小村庄。在那里,
我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。
【知识延伸】含有介词to的短语
be/get
used
to　　　　　　　　习惯于
look
forward
to
期待,
盼望
be/get
accustomed
to
习惯于
stick
to
坚持
get
down
to
着手
adapt
to
适应
adjust
to
适应
be
addicted
to
对……上瘾
pay
attention
to
注意
(2019·天津高考)Small
changes
of
top
predators
can
lead
to
big
effects
throughout
entire
ecosystems.
顶级食肉动物的微小变化会对整个生态系统产生巨大影响。
(1)语法填空。
①The
accident
led
to
five
people
being
killed
(kill),
including
a
child.
?
②The
news
leads
me
to
believe
(believe)
that
they
will
come.
?
(2)一句多译。
这个政策将给这个地区带来更大的不稳定。
①This
policy
will
lead
to
greater
instability
in
the
region.
(lead)?
②This
policy
will
result
in
greater
instability
in
the
region.
(result)?
③This
policy
will
contribute
to
greater
instability
in
the
region.
(contribute)?
④This
policy
will
give
rise
to
greater
instability
in
the
region.
(rise)?
3.
keep.
.
.
free
from/of
使……免受(影响、伤害等);
使……不含(有害物)
This
also
keeps
the
air,
soil,
water
and
crops
free
from
chemicals.
这也使空气、土壤、水和农作物免受化学物质的污染。
They
like
living
in
a
village,
free
from/of
crowds
and
noises.
他们喜欢住在村子里,
远离人群和喧闹。
I
think
all
caged
birds
should
be
set
free.
我认为所有关在笼子里的鸟儿都应该被放出去。
These
exercises
help
free
the
body
of
tension.
这些训练活动帮助放松紧张的身体。
be
free
from/of　　　　　　不受……伤害
for
free/free
of
charge
免费
free
sb.
/sth.
from/of
sth.
解除;
去除
set
free
释放
(1)语法填空。
①A
judge
must
be
free
from
prejudice.
②Your
order
will
be
delivered
for
free
within
a
ten-mile
limit.
(2)I
have
tried
to
keep
the
wound
free
from
infection.
?
我已想办法使伤口不感染。
4.
summary
n.
总结;
摘要;
概要
Picture
7
shows
a
summary
of
the
two
tasks
currently
set
up
in
this
system.
图
7
显示了当前在本系统中建立的两个任务的概要。
In
summary
,
this
was
a
disappointing
performance.
总的来说,
这场演出令人失望。
Please
summarize
the
types
and
processes
of
blessings
described
in
this
lesson.
请总结在本课中描述的祝福的类型和过程。
(1)make/write
a
summary
of　做/写总结
in
summary
概括地说;
总之;
简要地说
(2)summarize
vt.
&vi.
概括;
总结;
汇总
to
summarize
总的来说
(1)语法填空。
①The
following
is
a
summary
of
our
conclusions.
②Finally,
it
summarizes
(summary)
the
main
ideas
and
shortcomings
in
this
paper.
③In
summary,
it
is
my
opinion
that
this
complete
treatment
process
was
very
successful.
(2)Then,
write
a
quick
summary
of
the
conversation
and
why
you
are
perfect
for
the
job.
?
然后,
写一个谈话的快速摘要以及为什么你非常适合这份工作。
5.
Crops
such
as
peas
or
soybeans
put
important
minerals
back
into
the
soil,
making
it
ready
for
crops
such
as
wheat
or
corn
that
need
rich
and
fertile
soil.
?
像豌豆或大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤,
从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物,
比如小麦或玉米。
【句式解构】
本句中making
it.
.
.
为现在分词短语作结果状语,
表示前面的情况所造成的结果,
相当于and
made
it
ready
for
crops.
.
.
;
that
引导定语从句,
修饰
wheat
or
corn。
He
cut
off
the
wire,
preventing
a
big
fire.
他剪断电线,
阻止了一场大火。
Many
people
from
all
over
the
world
have
moved
to
America,
making
it
the
most
multicultural
country
in
the
world.
来自世界各地的很多人去了美国,
使之成为世界上最多元文化的国家。
　　现在分词短语作结果状语,
表示自然而然的、意料之中的结果;
不定式短语作结果状语表示偶然的、意料之外的结果,
且前面常有only修饰。
He
hurried
to
the
airport,
only
to
be
told
that
the
plane
had
taken
off.
他匆忙赶到机场,
结果被告知飞机已经起飞了。
(1)语法填空。
①I
tore
the
box,
only
to
discover(discover)
that
some
of
the
parts
were
missing.
?
②Jack
has
made
great
progress,
making(make)
his
parents
pleased.
(2)把句子改为以现在分词短语作结果状语的句子。
More
highways
have
been
built
in
China,
and
makes
it
much
easier
for
people
to
travel
from
one
place
to
another.
→More
highways
have
been
built
in
China,
making
it
much
easier
for
people
to
travel
from
one
place
to
another.
?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　主题活动·迁移应用
Ⅰ.
语用功能表达
1.
描述农业常用词
(1)agriculture　　　　　农业
(2)agricultural
农业的
(3)harvest
丰收
(4)yield
产量
(5)work
工作
(6)work
hard
努力工作
(7)produce
生产
(8)labor
force
劳动力
(9)labor
viewpoint
劳动观念
(10)workday
工作日
(11)means
of
labor
劳动方式
(12)honorable
光荣的
(13)be
devoted
to
奉献于……
2.
介绍农业情况的常用句式
(1)Have
you
ever
dreamt
of
tasting
green
vegetables
without
chemical
fertilizer
every
day?
你梦想过能天天品尝没有化肥的绿色蔬菜吗?
(2)It
has
expanded
to
a
big
farm
covering
an
area
of
more
than
1,
000
mu
in
the
past
two
decades.
历经20年它已经扩展成占地1
000多亩的大农场。
(3)What
really
makes
it
different
from
the
others
is
that
the
vegetables
here
are
grown
without
any
chemical
fertilizer.
真正让它与众不同的是这里的蔬菜在种植过程中没有使用任何化肥。
(4)The
rich
soil
makes
these
vegetables
full
of
nutrition.
肥沃的土壤让这些蔬菜营养丰富。
Ⅱ.
话题情景交流
Adam:
I’d
like
to
help
pitch
in
with
dinner.
Sophie:
Really?
You’re
joking.
Adam:
No.
I’d
like
to
1.
do
something
special
for
you(为你做点特别的事)
on
your
birthday.
?
Sophie:
I’d
like
that.
Alright,
put
on
this
apron
first.
Adam:
OK.
.
.
Now
how
can
I
help,
honey?
Sophie:
Hmm,
let
me
see.
.
.
Boil
some
water
and
then
2.
whisk
two
eggs(打/搅拌两个鸡蛋).
?
Adam:
Easy.
I
could
do
that
with
my
eyes
closed.
(after
a
while)Done.
Sophie:
Not
bad.
Okay,
now
3.
take
some
meat
and
potatoes
(拿些肉和土豆)from
the
fridge.
?
Adam:
How
many
potatoes
do
you
need?
Sophie:
Three.
And
4.
bring
four
bell
peppers(拿四个甜椒来).
?
Adam:
Gotcha.
.
.
OK.
Here
they
are.
Sophie:
Now
wash
them,
then
cut
the
potatoes
and
bell
peppers
off.
Then
5.
slice
the
meat(把肉切成片).
?
Adam:
Where’s
the
peeler?
Sophie:
It’s
in
the
cabinet.
.
.
Adam,
6.
the
gas
cooker
doesn’t
work(煤气灶坏了).
?
Adam:
What?
Oh
shit!
I
cut
my
finger.
Sophie:
Let
me
take
a
look
at
that.
.
.
I
can’t
stop
the
bleeding.
We
need
to
go
to
the
hospital.
Adam:
I
guess
7.
cooking
is
not
as
easy
as
I
thought(做饭不像我想的那么容易).
?
课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
语段填词
1.
While
skimming
(浏览)
an
article,
he
always
underlines
(画底线标出)
the
words
he
doesn’t
understand
so
that
he
can
look
them
up
in
the
dictionary
later.
2.
In
summary(总结),
people
don’t
want
to
comment
(作出评论)
on
what
he
did.
3.
I
regret
(遗憾)
to
tell
you
that
your
son
didn’t
focus
(集中)on
what
the
teacher
said
in
class
yesterday.
4.
I’m
confused(感到困惑的)why
they
are
working
day
and
night,
but
the
yield
per
unit
area
is
reducing(减少).
5.
The
soil(土壤)
provides
much
nutrition(营养)
for
our
crops.
Ⅱ.
选择合适的短语填空
make
a
comment
on,
keep.
.
.
free
of,
turn
to,
be
confused
about,
reduce
to,
focus.
.
.
on,
lead
to,
build
up,
keep
in
mind,
rid.
.
.
of
1.
We
should
use
new
energy
to
keep
our
environment
free
of
pollution.
?
2.
The
professor,
opposed
to
carrying
out
the
project,
made
a
comment
on
the
report.
?
3.
People
are
confused
about
all
the
different
labels
on
food
these
days.
?
4.
The
temperature
is
36
degrees,
but
it
will
be
reduced
to
20
degrees
in
the
night.
?
5.
We
should
focus
our
attention
on
our
study
at
school.
6.
The
reform
has
led
to
a
lot
of
benefits
to
the
people
and
greatly
improved
their
living
standards.
?
7.
The
doctors
tried
their
best
to
build
up
the
patient’s
confidence
before
the
operation.
?
8.
Once
you
get
addicted
to
something,
it
is
very
hard
to
rid
yourself
of
it.
9.
He
turns
to
the
dictionary
whenever
he
meets
a
new
word.
?
10.
You
should
keep
in
mind
that
your
parents
love
you
most.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
The
firm
is
too
small
to
compete
against
large
companies.
?
该公司太小,
无法与大公司竞争。
2.
The
Grade
Two
classes
have
been
observing
the
plants
around
the
school
and
finding
the
animals
that
live
there.
?
二年级各班一直在学校周边观察植物和寻找生活在这里的动物。
3.
You
look
as
well
as
you
did
ten
years
ago.
?
你的身体看起来还和十年前一样好。
4.
Carbon
burns
in
oxygen
or
air,
thereby
forming
carbon
dioxide.
?
碳在氧或空气中燃烧,
因而形成了二氧化碳。
5.
In
addition
to
the
price,
you
have
to
pay
the
sales
tax
on
it.
?
除了价格,
你还得为它付销售税。
课文语法填空
　　Over
the
past
half
century,
using
chemical
fertilizers
1.
___________
(have)
become
very
common
in
farming.
Many
farmers
welcomed
2.
___________
(they)
as
a
great
way
to
stop
crop
disease
and
3.
___________
(increase)
production.
4.
___________(recent),
however,
scientists
have
been
finding
that
long-term
use
of
these
fertilizers
can
cause
damage
5.
___________
the
land
and,
even
more
dangerous,
to
people’s
health.
With
these
6.
___________
(discovery),
some
farmers
are
beginning
to
turn
to
organic
farming,
7.
___________
is
simply
farming
without
using
any
chemicals.
There
8.
___________
(be)
many
different
organic
farming
methods.
All
of
them
have
9.
___________
same
goal:
to
grow
good
food
and
without
10.
___________
(damage)
the
environment
or
people’s
health.
?
1.
【解析】has。考查时态及主谓一致。此处主语为“using
chemical
fertilizers”,
且根据时间状语“Over
the
past
half
century”可知,
此处应为现在完成时态的第三人称单数形式。
2.
【解析】them。考查代词。此处指代前文出现的“chemical
fertilizers”,
且作动词welcome的宾语。
3.
【解析】increase。考查非谓语动词。此处为结构“a
way
to
do
”,
承前省掉to。
4.
【解析】Recently。考查词性转换。修饰整个句子用副词形式。
5.
【解析】to。考查固定搭配。cause
damage
to
对……造成损害。
6.
【解析】discoveries。考查名词单复数。由these可知,
此处需用名词复数形式。
7.
【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处which引导非限制性定语从句,
修饰先行词organic
farming,
且which在从句中充当主语。
8.
【解析】are。考查主谓一致。此处为“there
be句型”,
主语为methods。
9.
【解析】the。考查冠词。the
same.
.
.
为固定用法。
10.
【解析】damaging。考查非谓语动词。without+动词-ing。
课时素养评价
六　Unit
2　Using
Language
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
The
role
of
a
newspaper
is
to
present
and
comment
on
the
news.
2.
Agriculture
and
industry
are
the
base
on
which
to
build
up
the
nation.
3.
We
want
to
give
all
children
a
world
free
from
violence.
?
4.
She
reduced
her
weight
by
five
kilograms
last
month.
5.
But
frankly,
they
were
much
richer
(rich)
in
the
spiritual
world.
6.
No
wonder
you
are
so
tired.
You
have
been
working
(work)
all
day.
?
7.
Thick
black
ink
like
that
won’t
wash
off
easily.
?
8.
She
looked
at
her
watch
and
turned
regretfully
(regretful)
towards
home.
9.
Ted
was
really
confused
by
the
confusing
problem
which
also
confused
other
people
for
a
long
time.
(confuse)
10.
The
discovery
(discover)
of
the
new
evidence
eventually
led
to
the
official’s
being
arrested.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
be
confused
about,
reduce
.
.
.
by,
keep
in
mind,
build
up,
lead
to,
turn
to,
focus
on,
make
comments
on,
in
addition,
put
down
1.
The
teacher
is
explaining
what
we
were
confused
about.
?
2.
She
has
always
been
encouraged
to
swim
to
build
up
the
strength
of
her
muscles.
?
3.
I
had
prepared
for
the
meeting
by
putting
down
what
I
wanted
from
them.
?
4.
It
took
an
extraordinary
effort
to
focus
on
preparing
his
classes
or
correcting
his
students’
work.
?
5.
The
shopkeeper
reduced
the
price
by
20
percent.
6.
If
you
have
any
questions,
you
can
turn
to
me
at
anytime.
?
7.
In
addition,
computer
is
also
very
helpful
for
study
and
work.
?
8.
You
must
keep
in
mind
that
you
shouldn’t
look
down
upon
anyone
whatever
they
wear.
?
9.
Excuse
me.
Does
this
road
lead
to
the
railway
station??
10.
Famous
experts
are
often
invited
to
CCTV
to
make
comments
on
the
current
situation.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
It
creates
a
sticky
brown
residue
on
pots
that
can
be
washed
off.
?
它会在罐子上产生粘稠的棕色残渣,
可以洗掉。
2.
Tom,
as
well
as
Jane
and
Rose,
is
going
to
the
farm
on
foot.
?
汤姆,
还有简和罗斯,
将步行去农场。
3.
He
didn’t
come
today,
making
it
necessary
for
us
to
find
someone
to
do
his
work.
?
他今天没来,
所以我们必须找人做他的工作。
4.
I
have
been
waiting
for
you
for
three
hours.
?
我已经等了你三个小时。
5.
No
wonder
you
can’t
find
anybody
here;
they’re
all
away
at
a
meeting.
?
难怪你找不到任何人,
他们都开会去了。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
　　Nowadays
people
are
facing
lots
of
threats(威胁)
all
over
the
world.
　　A
serious
threat
to
farmers
in
many
parts
of
the
world
is,
erosion(侵蚀).
Erosion
happens
if
a
large
area
of
land
is
cleared
of
trees
and
is
then
badly
treated
by
the
farmers.
The
rain
and
winds
may
gradually
wash
away,
or
blow
away
much
of
the
topsoil.
When
this
happens,
crops
of
wheat
and
corn
become
weaker
and
weaker
until
nothing
grows
well.
If
erosion
continues,
it
will
turn
good
land
into
a
desert.
In
the
past,
when
erosion
appeared,
farmers
sometimes
moved
to
a
new
place
to
farm.
Sometimes
they
could
not
move,
but
continued
to
try
to
grow
food
in
the
unhealthy
soil.
This
caused
them
to
sink
into
poverty.
Soon
some
people
realized
that
there
was
little
rich,
fertile
soil
in
the
world.
The
government
began
to
try
to
stop
erosion.
?
　　One
of
the
first
experiments
to
stop
erosion
began
in
the
United
States
in
1933.
The
experiment
was
carried
out
in
the
area
of
the
Tennessee
River.
Flood
and
bad
farming
in
this
area
had
ruined
the
land
that
had
once
been
rich.
As
a
result,
most
of
the
people
living
around
the
Tennessee
River
were
very
poor.
　　The
government
built
big
dams
across
the
river
and
stored
the
water
for
use
during
the
dry
season,
when
there
was
no
rain.
The
government
workers
also
helped
the
farmers
fertilize
their
soil
and
learn
new
farming
methods
which
could
stop
erosion.
In
the
beginning,
the
farmers
were
not
interested.
But
soon,
good
healthy
crops
began
to
appear
on
the
land
where
new
methods
were
used.
Ten
years
after
that
the
crops
were
extremely
good.
The
great
success
of
this
experiment
led
to
similar
projects
in
other
parts
of
the
world.
　　With
the
development
of
science
and
technology,
people
are
trying
to
get
rid
of
all
the
threats
they
are
facing.
However,
it’s
not
an
easy
job,
because
at
the
same
time
people
are
polluting
their
homeland.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。世界上许多地方的农民面临的一个严重威胁是水土流失,
文章说明了历史上人们采取的一些防止水土流失的措施。随着科学技术的发展,
人们正试图摆脱他们面临的所有威胁。然而,
这不是一件容易的工作,
因为与此同时,
人们正在污染他们的家园。
1.
Which
of
the
following
statements
is
NOT
true
about
the
Tennessee
River
area?
A.
It
was
an
area
seriously
affected
by
erosion.
B.
It
used
to
be
a
poor
and
infertile
land.
C.
It
often
suffered
from
floods.
D.
It
has
become
a
model
for
other
parts
of
the
world
to
follow.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The
experiment
was
carried
out
in
the
area
of
the
Tennessee
River.
Flood
and
bad
farming
in
this
area
had
ruined
the
land
that
had
once
been
rich.
”可知,
田纳西河流域曾经不是贫瘠的地方。故B选项表述错误。
2.
What
does
the
underlined
words
“to
sink
into
poverty”
in
the
third
paragraph
mean?
A.
to
become
very
poor
B.
to
lose
topsoil
in
erosion
C.
to
become
weaker
and
weaker
until
nothing
grows
well
D.
to
return
into
a
desert
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据画线部分上句“Sometimes
they
could
not
move,
but
continued
to
try
to
grow
food
in
the
unhealthy
soil.
”可知,
有时他们不能移动,
只能继续尝试在不健康的土壤上种植食物,
这造成了他们继续陷入贫困。故to
sink
into
poverty意为“陷入贫困”。故选A。
3.
What’s
the
main
purpose
of
this
passage?
A.
How
erosion
happens
B.
The
importance
of
using
new
farming
methods
C.
The
serious
result
of
erosion
D.
Something
can
be
done
to
prevent
erosion
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A
serious
threat
to
farmers
in
many
parts
of
the
world
is,
erosion.
”可知,
文章旨在告诉人们可以采取一些措施防止水土流失。故选D。
B
(2020·梅州高一检测)
　　China,
endowed
with
rich
agricultural
resources,
has
a
long
history
of
farming.
The
traditional
farming
practice
with
intensive(精细的)
cultivation(耕作)
as
its
essence
is
one
of
the
most
important
achievements
of
the
human
civilization.
The
development
of
agriculture
and
rural
areas
in
China
is
faced
with
many
problems.
The
Chinese
government
has
made
a
number
of
important
policies
and
measures
to
cause
a
faster
growth
of
farmers’
income
and
narrow
the
ever
enlarging
income
gap
between
rural
and
urban
residents
as
soon
as
possible
mainly
through
finishing
a
strategy
of
balanced
social
and
economic
development.
We’ll
give
top
priority
in
all
work
to
solving
problems
facing
agriculture,
farmers
and
rural
areas,
focusing
on
the
following
seven
aspects.
　　Firstly
we’ll
promote
faster
increase
of
farmers’
income.
Secondly
we’ll
protect
and
increase
the
overall
capacity
of
grain
production.
Thirdly
we
will
continue
to
promote
strategic
restructuring
of
agriculture.
Fourthly
we’ll
actively
promote
progress
in
agro-science
and
enhance
work
of
agricultural
high-tech
and
key
research
programs,
and
increase
its
reserve
level.
Fifthly
we’ll
further
open
agriculture
to
the
outside
world
and
actively
develop
agricultural
trade
with
other
countries.
Sixthly
we’ll
speed
up
the
transfer
of
rural
labors
and
develop
rural
secondary
and
third
industries.
Seventhly
we’ll
continue
to
deepen
rural
reforms.
　　Priorities(优先权)
will
be
placed
on
reform
of
rural
land
system,
tax
and
administrative
charges,
grain
distribution
system
and
rural
financial
system.
However,
agricultural
development
has
difficult
tasks
and
a
long
way
to
go.
The
road
ahead
is
by
no
means
smooth.
Nevertheless,
China’s
agriculture
will
give
full
play
to
its
advantages,
overcome
any
difficulties,
enter
a
new
stage
of
development
and
match
towards
a
brighter
new
future
in
the
new
century!
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国农业的特点,
中国农业和农村发展面临的问题,
以及中国政府制定的七项政策和措施,
以促进农民收入增长,
并缩小城乡收入的差距。虽然中国农业发展任务艰巨,
但还是能克服困难,
发挥优势以实现更好的未来。
4.
What’s
the
China’s
ancient
civilization?
A.
The
rich
agricultural
resources.
B.
The
intensive
cultivation.
C.
The
capacity
of
grain
production.
D.
The
strategy
of
balanced
development.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。第一段第一句提到“中国有着悠久的农业历史”。第二句提到“以精细化栽培为精华的传统耕作方式是人类文明最重要的成果之一”。由此判断,
中国古代文明是精细化栽培。故选B。
5.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“enhance”
in
Paragraph
2
mean?
A.
weaken　
B.
design　
C.
strengthen　
D.
effect
【解析】选C。词义猜测题。第二段画线词所在句提到“Fourthly
we’ll
actively
promote
progress
in
agro-science
and
enhance
work
of
agricultural
high-tech
and
key
research
programs,
and
increase
its
reserve
level.
”,
其中promote和increase意为“提高”,
连词and应连接词义相近的词或句子,
由此判断,
enhance也应表示“提高”之意。故选C。
6.
What
policy
do
you
think
is
the
most
important?
A.
Promoting
faster
increase
of
farmers’
income.
B.
Protecting
the
capacity
of
grain
production.
C.
Promoting
strategic
restructuring
of
agriculture.
D.
Continuing
to
deepen
rural
reforms.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The
Chinese
government
has
made
a
number.
.
.
mainly
through
finishing
a
strategy
of
balanced
social
and
economic
development.
We’ll
give
top
priority
in
all
work
to
solving
problems
facing
agriculture,
farmers
and
rural
areas,
focusing
on
the
following
seven
aspects.
”可知,
提高农民收入快速增长应该是这些政策中最重要的一步。故选A。
7.
What
kind
of
future
does
China
have?
A.
The
future
road
ahead
is
smooth.
B.
China’s
advantages
can
not
overcome
any
difficulty.
C.
China
won’t
enter
a
new
stage
of
reform.
D.
China
will
have
a
brighter
future.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“China’s
agriculture
will
give
full
play
to
its
advantages,
overcome
any
difficulties,
enter
a
new
stage
of
development
and
match
towards
a
brighter
new
future
in
the
new
century!”可知,
中国将会有一个更加光明的未来。故选D。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
(2020·广州高一检测)
Farming
and
Gardening
　　Agriculture
has
a
long
history
in
China.
Much
of
the
wisdom
　1　
by
early
Chinese
scientists
is
still
useful
for
farmers
and
gardeners
today.
One
of
China’s
early
　2　
scientists
was
Jia
Sixie,
who
lived
in
the
sixth
century
AD.
He
spent
his
time
doing
　3　
into
agriculture.
He
collected
information,
studied
it,
did
experiments
and
learned
from
the
　4　
of
farmers.
?
　　Around
540
A.
D.
,
he
wrote
a
book
called
Qimin
Yaoshu.
The
book
is
about
both
farming
and
　5　
.
It
includes
advice
on
the
following
　6　:
growing
green
vegetables
and
fruit
trees,
keeping
animals,
and
fish
in
lakes.
There
are
also
　7　
for
making
wine.
Jia
Sixie’s
book
is
a(n)
　8　
guide
for
farming.
Firstly,
as
a
farmer
you
should
do
things
at
the
right
time
of
the
year.
If
you
sow
seeds
and
　9　
young
plants
in
the
fields
at
the
correct
time
of
the
year,
your
work
will
be
less
and
　10　
will
be
better.
But
if
you
　11　
nature,
and
do
things
at
the
wrong
time
of
the
year,
you
will
have
to
do
more
work
and
the
results
will
not
be
so
good.
The
　12　
of
the
soil
is
also
very
important.
Examine
the
soil
on
your
farm
　13　
.
If
the
condition
of
your
soil
is
not
good,
you
should
improve
it.
Before
sowing
or
planting
crops,
you
must
clean
rough
ground
and
　14　
weeds.
Let
sheep
or
cows
walk
on
the
land
to
　15　
the
weeds
or
eat
them.
The
best
harvest
is
reached
when
farmers
　16　
the
crops
in
their
fields.
For
example,
do
not
plant
rice
　17　
in
the
same
field.
But
if
you
plant
rice
in
a
field
one
year
and
wheat
in
the
field
the
next
year,
you
will
　18　
good
crops.
Other
scientists
said
that
wheat
should
be
planted
with
　19　
between
the
plants,
but
Jia
did
experiments
and
　20　
that
planting
wheat
close
together
is
better.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我国古代科学家贾思勰对我国古代农业的研究和贡献。他的耕种方法对我国古代农业起了重要的指导作用。
1.
A.
discovered　B.
recovered　C.
reported　D.
repeated
【解析】选A。根据上句“Much
of
the
wisdom”可知,
此处指早期的中国科学家发现的许多智慧现在对农民和园艺家仍然是有用的。discover发现;
recover恢复;
report报道;
repeat重复。故选A。
2.
A.
industrial
B.
agricultural
C.
cultural
D.
article
【解析】选B。根据后句中的“into
agriculture”可知,
此处指贾思勰是我国古代的农业科学家。industrial工业的;
agricultural农业的;
cultural文化的;
article文章。故选B。
3.
A.
search
B.
research
C.
experiment
D.
movement
【解析】选B。根据下句“He
collected
information,
studied
it,
did
experiments.
.
.
”可知,
贾思勰花时间来研究农业。search搜寻;
research研究;
experiment试验;
movement活动。故选B。
4.
A.
adventures
B.
advantages
C.
tradition
D.
experience
【解析】选D。根据空后的“of
farmers”可知,
贾思勰向农民学习农业经验。adventures冒险;
advantages优势;
tradition传统;
experience经验,
经历。故选D。
5.
A.
nursing
B.
gardening
C.
produce
D.
trade
【解析】选B。根据后句中“growing
green
vegetables
and
fruit
trees,
keeping
animals,
and
fish
in
lakes”可知,
这本书是关于农业和园艺的。nursing护理;
gardening种植,
园艺;
produce生产;
trade贸易。故选B。
6.
A.
programs
B.
topics
C.
subjects
D.
events
【解析】选C。空后介绍一些具体的课题,
如种菜、养动物等。因此此处为“课题”。programs程序;
topics主题;
subjects课题,
科目;
events事件。故选C。
7.
A.
instructions
B.
constructions
C.
measures
D.
treasures
【解析】选A。根据空后“for
making
wine”可知,
此处指酿酒的说明。instructions说明;
constructions建筑物;
measures措施;
treasures宝物。故选A。
8.
A.
economical
B.
practical
C.
similar
D.
regular
【解析】选B。根据下文“介绍书的内容”可知,
贾思勰写的这本关于农业种植的书里有许多实用的知识,
是一本实用的农业指南。economical经济的;
practical实用的,
实际的;
similar相似的;
regular定期的。故选B。
9.
A.
drop
B.
increase
C.
grow
D.
throw
【解析】选C。根据空后young
plants可知,
此处指“种植幼苗”grow
young
plants。drop落下;
increase增加;
grow种植,
生长;
throw扔。故选C。
10.
A.
dreams
B.
ending
C.
hope
D.
results
【解析】选D。根据语境可知,
如果你在一年中的正确时间播种和在地里种植幼苗,
这样工作投入少,
结果反而更好。dreams梦想;
ending结束;
hope希望;
results结果。与前文的work相对,
此处指结果。故选D。
11.
A.
argue
against
B.
go
against
C.
compete
with
D.
deal
with
【解析】选B。根据语境可知,
如果你违背自然规律,
在错误的时间做这些,
你就得做更多的工作,
而且结果也不那么好了。argue
against反对;
go
against违背;
compete
with与……竞争;
deal
with处理。but表示转折,
说明本句说的是违背自然规律进行农业耕作的情况。故选B。
12.
A.
application
B.
situation
C.
condition
D.
addition
【解析】选C。根据下句“If
the
condition
of
your
soil
is
not
good,
you
should
improve
it.
”可知,
本句说明的是土壤状况也很重要。application应用;
situation情况;
condition状况,
条件;
addition增加。故选C。
13.
A.
successfully
B.
carefully
C.
gradually
D.
frequently
【解析】选B。根据语境可知,
要仔细检查你农场的土壤。successfully成功地;
carefully仔细地;
gradually逐渐地;
frequently频繁地。前句指出土壤状况十分重要,
本句说明要细心、仔细地检查土壤。故选B。
14.
A.
remove
B.
pull
C.
kill
D.
reduce
【解析】选A。结合常识可知,
在播种或种植作物之前,
必须平整土地并清除杂草。后文说明让羊或牛在地上走也是为了除草。remove清除,
移动;
pull拉;
kill杀死;
reduce减少。故选A。
15.
A.
destroy
B.
prevent
C.
divide
D.
limit
【解析】选A。根据上下文语境可知,
让羊或牛在地上走,
消灭杂草或吃掉它们。destroy消灭,
破坏;
prevent阻止;
divide分开;
limit限制。让牛羊在地里走就是为了消灭杂草。故选A。
16.
A.
keep
B.
improve
C.
manage
D.
change
【解析】选D。根据下句中“do
not
plant
rice_______in
the
same
field”可知,
农作物要变换着种植。keep保持;
improve改善;
manage管理;
change改变。故选D。?
17.
A.
one
after
another
B.
here
and
there
C.
now
and
then
D.
year
after
year
【解析】选D。
one
after
another一个接一个地;
here
and
there到处;
now
and
then偶尔;
year
after
year年复一年。根据上下文内容可知,
此处承接上文说明要变换着种植农作物,
那么意思就是不在同一块地里年复一年地种同一种庄稼。故选D。
18.
A.
win
B.
collect
C.
harvest
D.
plant
【解析】选C。根据空后“good
crops”可知,
如果每年换种不同的庄稼就会有好收成。win赢得;
collect收集;
harvest收获,
丰收;
plant种植。故选C。
19.
A.
holes
B.
lines
C.
space
D.
balance
【解析】选C。根据下文“planting
wheat
close
together
is
better”可知,
其他科学家说的是种植小麦时,
株与株之间要留有空间,
但是贾思勰的实验结果表明了小麦种植在一起比较好。holes洞;
lines线;
space空间;
balance平衡。故选C。
20.
A.
showed
B.
meant
C.
intended
D.
decided
【解析】选A。根据上下文内容可知,
其他科学家说,
小麦应该在植株之间间隔种植,
但贾思勰做了实验,
结果表明小麦种植在一起比较好。show表明;
mean意味着;
intend打算;
decide决定。根据空前“but
Jia
did
experiments”可知此处是实验结果“证明,
表明”。故选A。
Ⅲ.
短文改错
　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:
在错的词下划一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
　　My
grandpa
worked
as
a
carpenter,
who
has
devoted
all
his
energy
for
carpentry
for
almost
sixty
years.
Several
years
before,
he
began
to
make
wooden
models
of
farm
tools.
On
National
Day
when
I
returned
back
and
visited
him
with
my
parents,
he
showed
me
that
he
had
created.
He
hopes
he
could
expose
people
to
the
traditionally
way
of
farming.
Now
every
day,
he
prepares
raw
material
in
the
yard,
measures
them,
and
polishes
them.
I’ve
also
picked
up
carpentry
as
hobby
of
mine.
Now
I
am
able
to
make
a
model
by
me.
And
I
am
determined
to
make
it
know
to
more.
答案:
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的爷爷做了一辈子的木匠,
几年前,
他开始制作农具的木制模型,
在爷爷的影响下,
作者也爱上了木工活并开始制作模型。
1.
【解析】第一句worked改为works。考查时态和主谓一致。句意:
我爷爷是一个木匠,
他将他所有精力投入到木工中已经快60年了。陈述的是客观事实,
用一般现在时;
主语是My
grandpa,
谓语动词用第三人称单数。故
worked改为works。
2.
【解析】第一句第一个for改为to。考查固定短语。devote
to表示“致力于……、把……奉献给……”。故energy后的for改为to。
3.
【解析】第二句before改为ago。考查before和ago的区别。句意:
几年前,
他开始制作农具的木制模型。ago用来描述事情发生之后的时间长度,
常跟在时间名词之后。故before改为ago。
4.
【解析】第三句back去掉。考查return的用法。句意:
国庆节那天,
当我回来和父母一起看望他时,
他向我展示了他的作品。return本身就表示“回来、返回”,
后面不需再加back,
语义重复。故去掉back。
5.
【解析】第三句that改为what。考查宾语从句。句意同上,
分析句子结构可知此处为宾语从句,
从句中的created缺少宾语。故that改为what。
6.
【解析】第四句traditionally改为traditional。考查形容词。句意:
他希望他能让人们接触到传统的耕作方式。修饰名词way用形容词。故traditionally改为traditional。
7.
【解析】第五句material改为materials。考查名词的数。句意:
现在他每天都在院子里准备原材料,
测量并抛光。表示具体的材料时,
material是可数名词,
此处表示不止一种材料,
应该用可数名词复数形式。故material改为materials。
8.
【解析】第六句hobby前加a。考查冠词。句意:
我也把木工作为自己的一个爱好(我也学会了做木工活)。hobby是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词,
此处泛指“一个爱好”。故hobby前加a。
9.
【解析】第七句me改为myself。考查反身代词。句意:
现在我可以自己制作模型了。by
oneself表示“独自地”。
10.
【解析】第八句know改为known。考查非谓语动词。我决心让更多的人知道它。此处为“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,
it与know之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,
表示被动,
用过去分词作宾语补足语。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　话题写作·表达升级
如何写英文海报
　　英文海报是人们在日常生活中经常使用的一种招贴形式的应用文,
其宣传内容涉及影视作品、体育赛事和学术报告等。海报通常包括标题、正文和结尾三个部分。标题突出主题;
正文列出更多有关的信息;
结尾用标语或口号鼓动人心。海报写作形式灵活,
语言活泼。
根据下面提示为“绿叶”有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。
1.
坐落在城西;
2.
历经20年已经发展成占地1
000多亩的大农场;
3.
配备有现代化的设施;
4.
生产过程中不使用任何化肥;
5.
富含营养;
6.
产品出口几十个国家;
7.
联系方式:
Tel:
666888123　　E-mail:
Green
Leaf@
Green

1.
完成句子
(1)它坐落在城西。
It
is
located
in
the
west
of
the
city.
?
(2)历经20年它已经发展成占地1,
000多亩的大农场。
It
has
expanded
to
a
large
farm
covering
an
area
of
more
than
1,
000
mu
in
the
past
two
decades.
?
(3)真正让它与众不同的是这里的蔬菜在种植过程中没有使用任何化肥。
What
really
makes
it
different
from
others
is
that
the
vegetables
here
are
grown
without
any
chemical
fertilizer.
?
(4)肥沃的土壤让这些蔬菜营养丰富。
The
rich
soil
makes
these
vegetables
full
of
nutrition.
?
(5)它们出口到世界上许多国家。
They
are
exported
into
many
countries
in
the
world.
?
2.
词句升级
(6)用locate的过去分词短语作状语连接句(1)和句(2)
Located
in
the
west
of
the
city,
it
has
expanded
to
a
large
farm
covering
an
area
of
more
than
1,
000
mu
in
the
past
two
decades.
?
　　Have
you
ever
dreamt
of
eating
green
vegetables
without
chemical
fertilizer
every
day?
Please
go
to
Green
Leaf—an
organic
vegetable
base.
Located
in
the
west
of
the
city,
it
has
expanded
to
a
large
farm
covering
an
area
of
more
than
1,
000
mu
in
the
past
two
decades.
It
has
been
equipped
with
advanced
facilities.
What
really
makes
it
different
from
others
is
that
the
vegetables
here
are
grown
without
any
chemical
fertilizer.
The
rich
soil
makes
these
vegetables
full
of
nutrition;
as
a
result,
they
are
exported
into
many
countries
in
the
world.
If
you
are
interested,
please
contact
us
in
the
following
ways.
Tel:
666888123
E-mail:
Green
Leaf@Green

1.
话题词汇
(1)improve
vt.
提高
(2)welcome
vt.
欢迎
(3)perform
v.
执行,
表演
(4)contact
vt.
联络
(5)colorful
adj.
华美的,
多彩的
(6)set
up建立
(7)participate
in参加
(8)dream
of梦想,
梦见
2.
话题句式
(1)活动安排:
①Tomorrow
there
will
be
an
English
play.
明天将有一部英语戏剧。
②There
are
still
tickets
available
for
the
night
shows.
还有晚上演出的票。
③We
set
it
up
so
that
students
can
publish
their
English
compositions,
communicate
ideas
and
improve
writing
skills.
我们设立这个网站是为了让学生发表他们的英语作文,
交流思想,
提高写作技巧。
④Children
under
6
are
not
permitted
admission.
六岁以下的孩子不允许入场。
⑤No
admission
fee
is
required
for
members
of
the
club.
俱乐部会员不需要缴纳入场费。
(2)呼吁参加:
①Please
take
an
active
part
in
our
activity!
请积极参加我们的活动!
②Everyone
is
welcome
to
watch
the
match
and
cheer
the
players
up.
欢迎大家观看比赛,
为运动员加油。
PAGEUnit
2　Working
the
land　
Warming
Up
&
Reading
词汇知识·自主学习
Ⅰ.
根据语境选择正确的单词填空
struggle,
hungry,
disturbing,
expand,
battle,
rid,
freedom,
therefore,
equip,
export
1.
I
couldn’t
possibly
get
rid
of
this
lovely
old
coat.
2.
A
lot
of
our
land
is
used
to
grow
crops
for
export.
3.
They
had
to
struggle
against
all
kinds
of
difficulties.
4.
She
is
too
near-sighted,
so
we
have
to
expand
the
size
of
the
image.
5.
He’s
only
17
and
therefore
no
power
to
vote
or
to
be
voted.
6.
Disturbing
news
came
that
an
unknown
disease
was
spreading
in
the
area.
7.
We
never
defeated
them
on
the
field
of
battle.
8.
The
course
is
designed
to
equip
students
for
a
career
in
nursing.
9.
When
a
newborn
is
hungry,
it
learns
to
shout
and
cry.
10.
He
gave
me
his
house,
that’s
to
say,
I
was
given
the
freedom
of
the
whole
house.
Ⅱ.
根据语境写出黑体部分的汉语意思
1.
To
rid
oneself
of
bad
habits
and
evil,
and
to
pursue
good
thoughts
and
deeds.
(戒掉;
摆脱)
2.
Nowadays
many
teenagers
would
rather
get
advice
from
strangers
online.
(宁愿)
3.
We’ve
collected
$50,
000
for
the
poor,
thanks
to
the
generosity
of
the
public.
(幸亏)
4.
They
had
to
struggle
for
their
lives
against
weather
and
wild
animals.
(为……而斗争)
5.
We
all
want
to
make
a
difference
in
this
world.
Whether
it
is
big
or
small.
(有影响)
6.
I
hope
people
I
care
about
can
have
a
wonderful
life.
(关心)
7.
I
did
once
dream
of
becoming
the
first
woman
to
captain
an
ocean
liner.
(梦想)
8.
He
put
a
lot
of
money
into
the
firm
with
the
hope
of
profits
in
the
future.
(怀着……希望)
9.
They
searched
for
a
spot
where
they
could
sit
on
the
floor.
(寻找)
Ⅲ.
翻译下列课文原句并观察黑体部分
1.
In
1973,
he
became
the
first
agricultural
pioneer
in
the
world
to
grow
rice
that
has
a
high
output.
在1973年,
他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。
2.
He
awoke
from
his
dream
with
the
hope
of
producing
a
kind
of
rice
that
could
feed
more
people.
他从梦中醒来,
希望能培育一种能养活更多人的水稻。
3.
Using
his
hybrid
rice,
farmers
are
producing
harvests
twice
as
large
as
before.
使用他的杂交水稻,
农民们种出的粮食是以前的两倍。
根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。
-dom
构成名词的后缀,
表示“状态或领域”
free→freedom　　　　　　　　自由
king→
kingdom
王国
wise
→wisdom
智慧
newspaper
→newspaperdom
新闻界
阅读精析·合作学习
　Task
1　框架宏观建构:
整体理解?
　Task
2　文本微观剖析:
细节探究?
1.
根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。
(1)Why
has
Yuan
Longping
struggled
for
many
years?
A.
He
wants
to
become
one
of
the
top
scientists.
B.
He
wants
to
prove
farmers
can
also
become
scientists.
C.
He
wants
to
do
something
for
farmers.
D.
He
wants
other
countries
to
know
him.
(2)The
sentence
“Just
dreaming
for
things,
however,
costs
nothing.
”
in
the
last
paragraph
means
that
_______.
?
A.
one
should
have
dreams
B.
one
shouldn’t
have
dreams
C.
one’s
wishes
are
easy
to
realize
D.
one
wishes
for
things
that
cost
nothing
(3)From
the
text,
we
can
conclude
that
_______.
?
A.
60%
of
the
rice
grown
in
the
world
is
from
super
hybrid
rice
B.
Yuan
Longping
made
a
great
contribution
to
the
world
in
solving
the
hunger
problem
C.
Yuan
Longping
leads
a
very
comfortable
life
with
his
high
income
D.
Yuan
Longping
has
the
habit
of
having
dreams
when
sleeping
(4)What
kind
of
person
is
Yuan
Longping?
A.
He
likes
to
live
with
the
poor
and
is
ready
to
help
them.
B.
He
thinks
much
of
himself
but
little
of
others.
C.
He
is
strict
with
other
scientists
and
the
farmers.
D.
He
has
his
own
dreams
to
help
the
people.
答案:
(1)～(4)
CABD
(5)What
does
the
whole
passage
mainly
talk
about?
Yuan
Longping’s
achievements
in
farming.
?
2.
运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。
译文:
的确,
他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂,
以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯,
就跟其他千百万中国农民一样,
过去50年来,
他一直在努力帮助他们。
译文:
虽然他是中国最著名的科学家之一,
袁隆平仍认为自己是一个农民,
因为他在田间耕作、进行科学研究。
根据文章内容完成表格。
Name
Yuan
Longping
Born
In
(1)1930
Appearance
His
face
and
arms
are
(2)sunburnt.
His
body
is
(3)slim
but
(4)strong.
All
these
make
him
look
like
a
(5)farmer.
Achievements
·He
succeeded
in
growing
(6)super
hybrid
rice.
·He
became
the
first
agricultural
(7)pioneer
in
the
world
to
grow
rice
whose
output
is
high.
·He
helped
the
government
highly
increase
the
(8)output/harvest
of
grain.
(9)Personality
He
cares
little
about
(10)money
and
being
famous.
Task
3　阅读思维升华:
主题实践?
1.
结合课文主题,
回答下列问题。
　　What
do
you
think
would
happen
if
there
were
suddenly
no
rice
to
eat
tomorrow?
If
that
happened,
people
there
would
suffer
from
starvation.
People
would
panic
(惊慌)
and
the
whole
country
would
get
into
trouble.
?
2.
根据提示,
运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。
(1)中国的农民过去一直受着饥饿的困扰。(be
disturbed
by)
(2)几十年来,
他们努力寻找能够提高粮食产量的方法,
但收效甚微。(decade,
struggle,
grain
output)
(3)多亏了袁隆平的杂交水稻研究,
农民们的收成比以前多了一倍。这意味着世界22%的人口摆脱了饥饿。(thanks
to,
hybrid,
twice
as.
.
.
as.
.
.
,
get
rid
of)
(4)大多数农民都说很满意现在的生活,
宁愿待在农村当农民。(be
satisfied
with,
would
rather)
Farmers
in
China
used
to
be
disturbed
by
hunger.
For
decades,
they
have
been
struggling
to
search
for
ways
to
increase
the
grain
output,
but
without
success.
Thanks
to
Yuan
Longping’s
research
on
the
hybrid
rice,
farmers
are
producing
harvests
twice
as
large
as
before,
which
means
22%
of
the
world’s
population
have
got
rid
of
hunger.
Most
of
the
farmers
say
they
are
now
quite
satisfied
with
their
lives
and
would
rather
be
farmers
in
the
countryside.
?
要点精研·探究学习
1.
struggle
vi.
&n.
斗争;
拼搏;
努力
Yuan
Longping
has
struggled
for
millions
of
Chinese
farmers
for
the
past
five
decades.
过去50年来,
袁隆平一直在努力帮助着数百万的中国农民。
A
strong
man
will
struggle
with
the
storm
of
fate.
强者乐于搏击命运的暴风雨。
She
is
struggling
to
bring
up
a
family
on
a
very
low
income.
她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。
The
young
man
struggled
to
his
feet
to
fight
against
the
robber.
那位年轻人努力挣扎着站起来同抢劫犯作斗争。
struggle
for　　　　　　努力争取……;
为……而斗争
struggle
with/against
与……作斗争
struggle
to
do
sth.
努力做某事
struggle
to
one’s
feet
挣扎着站起来
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Many
of
their
families
were
struggling
to
make
ends
meet.
许多家庭都在努力维持生计。
Cease
to
struggle
and
you
cease
to
live.
生命不息,
战斗不止。
(1)语法填空。
①Jennifer,
having
struggled
(struggle)
for
weeks
to
find
a
job
as
a
travel
guide,
finally
turned
out
to
be
a
salesgirl.
?
②In
1862
the
American
slaves
won
their
struggle
for
freedom.
③The
children
talked
so
loudly
at
dinner
table
that
I
had
to
struggle
to
be
heard(hear).
?
(2)结合语境,
完成下面的小短文。
Farmers
always
have
to
struggle
for
a
living.
They
often
struggle
against/with
the
bad
weather
for
a
better
harvest.
Some
of
them
even
have
to
leave
their
hometowns
and
go
to
work
in
cities,
struggling
to
increase
their
income.
?
农民一直都不得不为了生存而努力,
他们经常与恶劣的天气作斗争来争取有个好点的收成,
他们中的一些人甚至不得不离开家乡到大城市打工,
努力增加他们的收入。
2.
expand
vt.
&vi.
使变大;
伸展
Yuan
Longping
searched
for
a
way
to
increase
rice
harvests
without
expanding
the
area
of
the
fields.
袁隆平要在不增加土地面积的基础上寻求一种增收稻谷的方法。
The
writer
expanded
his
short
novel
into
a
long
one.
那位作者把他的短篇小说扩展成了长篇。
The
narrow
path
in
the
village
expanded
into
a
wide
road.
村里的狭窄小路拓宽成了一条大道。
He
did
not
expand
greatly
on
his
sunburnt
skin.
他未就晒黑的皮肤多加解释。
The
book
is
an
expansion
of
a
series
of
lectures
given
last
year.
这本书是去年举行的系列讲座的扩充。
expand.
.
.
into.
.
.
　　　把……扩展/发展成……
expand
into.
.
.
　
发展成/扩大成……
expand
on
sth.
　
细说(阐述)某事
expansion　
n.
膨胀,
扩大
expand和extend的区别
　　前者指向四面八方的扩大,
扩张,
后者指向某一方向的延伸。
(1)语法填空。
①Could
you
expand
on
that
point,
please?
②Looking
farther
into
the
future,
we
plan
to
expand
into
Europe.
③He
wants
to
expand
his
garden
into
the
corner
of
the
walls.
(2)
A
rise
in
the
temperature
of
the
gas
results
in
its
expansion.
?
气体温度上升致使气体膨胀。
3.
rid.
.
.
of
使……摆脱或除去
Thanks
to
his
research,
the
UN
has
more
tools
in
the
battle
to
rid
the
world
of
hunger.
由于他的研究,
联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的方法。
She
is
trying
to
rid
herself
of
a
dependence
on
drugs.
她在努力地摆脱对药品的依赖。
You
should
get
rid
of
the
bad
habits.
你应该改掉坏习惯。
They
work
day
and
night
in
order
to
rid
themselves
of
debt.
为了摆脱债务,
他们夜以继日地工作。
be
rid
of　　　　　　摆脱
get
rid
of
摆脱;
除掉;
去掉
rid
oneself
of
debt
还清债务
　　在rid.
.
.
of.
.
.
短语中,
rid为动词,
后跟sb.
或some
place作宾语,
指“使某人摆脱”或“除掉某地的不好或有害之物”。
【知识延伸】
accuse
sb.
of
sth.
　　　　　指责某人某事
cheat
sb.
of
sth.
骗取某人某物
cure
sb.
of
sth.
治好某人的……病
inform
sb.
of
sth.
通知某人某事
remind
sb.
of
sth.
使某人想起某事
rob
sb.
of
sth.
抢劫某人的某物
warn
sb.
of
sth.
警告某人某事
(2020·
天津高考)Thanks
to
the
Silence
Machine,
a
British
invention,
you
can
get
rid
of
the
sound
without
upsetting
the
boy
or
his
parents.
多亏了英国发明的静音机,
你可以在不打扰男孩或他父母的情况下消除声音。
(1)语法填空。
①The
proposals
are
an
attempt
to
rid
the
country
of
political
corruption.
②The
owner
needs
to
get
rid
of
the
car
for
financial
reasons.
(2)同义句改写。
Why
couldn’t
he
rid
himself
of
those
thoughts
and
worries?
→Why
couldn’t
he
get
rid
of
those
thoughts
and
worries??
4.
would
rather宁愿;
宁可
He
would
much
rather
keep
time
for
his
hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的兴趣爱好上。
I
would
rather
fail
than
cheat
in
the
examination.
我宁可考试不及格,
也不愿意作弊。
I
would
rather
have
left
a
note
on
her
desk.
我要是留张便条在她书桌上就好了。
(1)would
rather
not
do　　宁愿不做……
(3)would
rather
have
done　本来想做……(而未实现)
would
rather+从句
(1)语法填空。
①I’d
rather
(that)
you
hadn’t
told
(not
tell)
him
about
it
that
day.
?
②John
wants
to
see
me
today.
I
would
rather
he
came
(come)
tomorrow
than
today.
③I
would
rather
go
to
work
by
bike
than
by
bus.
(2)一句多译。
我宁可待在家里看书,
也不愿意和朋友们一起去游泳。
①I
would
rather
stay
at
home
reading
than
go
swimming
with
my
friends.
(would
rather
do.
.
.
than
do.
.
.
)
?
②I
would
stay
at
home
reading
rather
than
go
swimming
with
my
friends.
(would
do.
.
.
rather
than
do.
.
.
)
?
③I
prefer
to
stay
at
home
reading
rather
than
go
swimming
with
my
friends.
(prefer
to
do
sth.
rather
than
do
sth.
)?
5.
equip
vt.
&
vi.
配备;
装备
He
therefore
gives
millions
of
yuan
to
equip
others
for
their
research
in
agriculture.
于是,
他拿出数百万元帮助其他人进行农业研究。
Most
parents
want
to
equip
their
children
with
a
good
education.
大多数父母想让他们的孩子接受良好的教育。
Every
classroom
in
this
modern
school
is
equipped
with
a
new
computer.
这所现代化的学校里每个教室都配备一台新电脑。
It’s
a
modern,
well
equipped
hospital,
and
all
its
equipment
is
of
high
quality.
这是一个现代化的、装备精良的医院,
所有的设备都具有较高的质量。
(1)equip.
.
.
with.
.
.
　　　用……装备……
be
equipped
with
装备着……
be
equipped
for.
.
.
准备好……;
对……有准备
be
well/poorly
equipped
装备精良的/较差的
(2)equipment
n.
装备;
设备(不可数名词)
equipment为不可数名词,
如:
office
equipment办公设备;
sports
equipment运动器材;
a
piece
of
equipment一件设备。
(1)语法填空。
①She
was
fully
equipped
for
the
climbing.
?
②Your
education
will
equip
you
for
your
future
life.
③They
equipped
themselves
with
a
pair
of
sharp
axes
and
set
off
for
the
forest.
④A
computer
is
the
most
important
piece
of
equipment(equip)
you
will
buy.
(2)句式升级。
They
are
equipped
with
new
scientific
farming
methods,
so
they
have
been
able
to
use
less
farmland
than
in
the
past.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
→Equipped
with
new
scientific
farming
methods,
they
have
been
able
to
use
less
farmland
than
in
the
past.
?
6.
Have
you
ever
grown
any
plants?
If
so,
what
did
you
do
to
grow
them?
If
not,
what
kind
of
plant
would
you
like
to
try
growing?你种过植物吗?如果种过的话,
你是怎么培育它们的?如果没有种过的话,
你想要尝试种什么植物??
【句式解构】
(1)此处用了省略结构。If
so
为省略句式,
if为连词,
so指代上文的内容。意为“如果是这样的话”。
(2)If
not为If
so的否定形式。
Will
you
get
a
free
evening
next
week?
If
so,
let’s
have
a
dinner.
下周你会有一个晚上的空吗?如果有,
让我们一起吃顿饭吧。
Is
everybody
feeling
cold?
If
not,
let’s
open
the
window.
大家感到冷吗?如果不,
让我们把窗户打开吧。
If
necessary,
you
can
turn
to
me
for
help.
必要的话,
你可以向我求助。
if构成的其他省略结构
if
necessary　　　如果有必要
if
possible
如果可能的话
if
any
如果有的话
if
ever
如果曾经有的话
用if构成的省略形式填空。
(1)I
would
prefer
to
go
out
for
a
picnic,
if
possible.
?
如果可能的话,
我更乐意外出野餐。
(2)I
don’t
have
any
ink.
If
any,
I
will
lend
you
some.
?
我没有墨水了,
如果有的话,
我就借给你一些了。
(3)Students
will
learn
two
foreign
languages,
if
necessary.
?
如果必要的话,
学生们要学习两门外语。
(4)We
are
told
that
he
will
come
tonight,
and
if
so,
our
meeting
will
be
held
tomorrow.
If
not,
there
won’t
be
any
meeting
tomorrow.
我们被告知他今晚会来。如果他来的话,
我们的会议将在明天举行;
如果他不来的话,
明天就不开会。?
【要点拾遗】
1.
disturbing
adj.
引起烦恼的;
令人不安的
At
that
time,
hunger
was
a
disturbing
problem
in
many
parts
of
the
countryside.
在那时,
饥饿在农村的许多地区是一个令人不安的问题。
If
you
get
up
early,
please
don’t
disturb
your
father.
如果你起床早,
请不要打扰你的父亲。
He
felt
disturbed
when
he
heard
his
mother
was
ill.
当他听说他母亲病了的时候,
他感到心神不安。
disturb
　　　　　　　　v.
打扰;
干扰;
妨碍
disturbed
adj.
精神紊乱的;
心神不安的
be
disturbed
about
对……感到心神不安
It
disturbs
sb.
to
do.
.
.
做……打扰某人/使某人不安
【巧学助记】
They
were
all
disturbed
by
the
disturbing
news,
that
is,
the
news
disturbed
all
of
them.
他们都因这条令人不安的消息而都深感不安,
也就是说,
这条消息使他们都感到不安。
【易错辨析】
disturb
意为“干扰,
扰乱”,
侧重扰乱某种状态或秩序
interrupt
意为“打扰,
打断”,
侧重打断某个活动的进程,
使其不能进行下去
(1)用disturb的适当形式填空。
①Heavy
traffic
disturbed
the
neighborhood.
②It’s
disturbing
to
see
him
coming
when
I
am
at
my
worst.
③TV
Ears
help
you
listen
to
TV
without
disturbing
others.
(2)If
you
get
up
early,
try
not
to
disturb
everyone
else.
?
如果你起得早,
尽量不要打扰别人。
(3)I
was
deeply
disturbed
and
depressed
by
the
news.
?
这消息使我深感不安和沮丧。
2.
thanks
to
幸亏;
由于;
因为
Thanks
to
the
timely
help,
many
lucky
people
survived
the
earthquake.
多亏了及时的帮助,
很多幸运的人得以在地震中幸存下来。
Thanks
to
the
bad
weather,
the
match
has
been
cancelled.
因为糟糕的天气,
比赛被取消了。
表示“因为;
由于”的短语还有:
owing
to,
due
to,
because
of,
as
a
result
of,
on
account
of等。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I
became
interested
in
playing
football
thanks
to
a
small
accident.
因为一件小事,
我对踢足球产生了兴趣。
(1)语法填空。
①Thanks
to
the
technology,
our
life
is
more
comfortable
in
many
respects.
②He
had
to
retire
because
of
ill
health.
③Our
delay
was
due
to
the
heavy
traffic.
(2)Thanks
to
his
advice,
I
won
the
first
prize
in
the
competition.
多亏他的建议,
我在比赛中获得了一等奖。?
3.
be
satisfied
with对……感到满意
Yuan
Longping
is
quite
satisfied
with
his
life.
袁隆平对他的生活很满足。
The
old
couple
are
satisfied
to
live
in
the
countryside.
这对老年夫妇乐意住在乡下。
To
her
satisfaction,
they
dealt
with
the
matter
soon.
令她满意的是,
他们很快就处理了此事。
It’s
satisfying
to
play
a
game
really
well.
一种游戏玩得特别好是一桩惬意的事。
(1)be
satisfied
to
do.
.
.
　　　　对做……感到满意
(2)satisfy
vt.
使……满意
satisfy
one’s
needs
满足某人的需要
(3)satisfying
adj.
令人满意的
【知识延伸】
(1)satisfaction
　　　　　　　n.
满意
with
satisfaction
满意地
to
one’s
satisfaction
使某人满意的是
(2)satisfying
adj.
令人满意的
satisfactory
adj.
令人满意的
(2019·北京高考)Success
means
getting
personal
desires
satisfied.
成功意味着满足个人的欲望。
(1)语法填空。
①None
of
these
is
particularly
satisfying(satisfy).
②We
are
not
satisfied
with
these
results.
③To
our
satisfaction(satisfy),
he
got
the
first
prize
in
the
competition.
④We
just
can’t
find
enough
good
second-hand
cars
to
satisfy(satisfy)
demands.
?
(2)The
teacher
was
satisfied
with
his
test
results
and
praised
him.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)
Satisfied
with
his
test
results,
the
teacher
praised
him.
?
4.
therefore
adv.
因此;
所以;
因而
I
know
you
have
shown
great
talent
in
designing
robots.
Therefore,
you
are
the
most
suitable
person.
我知道你在设计机器人方面很有天赋。因此你是最合适的人选。
I
was
ill,
and
therefore
could
not
come.
我病了,
所以不能来。
It
happened
that
he
was
a
doctor,
so
the
sick
man
was
saved.
碰巧他是个医生,
因此这个病人得救了。
体会therefore与so的区别
therefore与so都表示“因此”。therefore为副词,
常需用“逗号”与句子隔开,
或常和and搭配连接句子;
而so为连词,
直接连接句子。
(1)选词填空(so/therefore)。
①Every
man
has
his
faults.
We
should,
therefore,
learn
to
be
tolerant
to
others.
②I
don’t
like
fish,
so
I
would
not
eat
it
unless
I
was
extremely
hungry.
(2)I
had
a
headache;
therefore
I
could
not
go
to
your
party(因此不能去参加你的聚会了).
?
(3)The
old
lady
is
very
nosy,
so
nobody
likes
to
talk
to
her(所以没人喜欢和她说话).
?
5.
export
vt.
&vi.
输出;
出口
Yuan
Longping
has
another
dream:
to
export
his
rice
so
that
it
can
be
grown
around
the
globe.
袁隆平还有一个梦想,
那就是他的稻谷可以出口并长遍全球。
The
export
industry
will
aid
the
economic
recovery.
出口产业将促进经济复苏。
Chinese
Peking
Opera
has
been
exported
around
the
world.
中国京剧已传播到世界各地。
The
report
calls
for
a
ban
on
the
import
of
dangerous
waste.
这篇报道呼吁禁止危险废弃物的进口。
(1)export
　　　　　　n.
输出,
出口
pl.
输出品,
输出额
export
sth.
to.
.
.
把某物出口到……
exporter
n.
出口商;
出口公司;
出口国
(2)import
vt.
输入;
进口
n.
输入;
进口;
进口产品
import
sth.
from.
.
.
从……进口某物
【巧学助记】
语境记词
The
country
is
a
big
exporter
to
export
tea
to
foreign
countries,
but
imports
a
lot
of
wheat
from
other
countries.
这个国家是一个大的出口茶叶的出口国,
但是要从其他国家进口很多小麦。
(1)语法填空。
①Every
year,
India
exports
a
lot
of
tea
and
cotton
to
many
different
countries.
②These
famous
watches
shown
in
the
counter
have
been
imported
from
Switzerland
recently.
(2)We
import
raw
materials
and
energy
and
export
mainly
industrial
products.
译:
我们进口原材料和能源,
主要出口工业产品。
6.
occupation
n.
工作;
职业;
占领
Fill
the
form
and
write
down
your
name,
address
and
occupation.
填上表格,
写下你的姓名、地址和职业。
How
much
memory
does
the
programme
occupy?
这个程序占了多少内存?
You
need
to
find
something
to
occupy
yourself
with
when
you
retire.
退休后你得找点事让自己忙碌起来。
The
workers
are
occupied
in
building
new
houses.
建筑工人们正忙于建造新房子。
She
occupied
herself
with
housework
all
day.
她一整天忙于做家务。
occupy
　　　　　　　　　　　　v.
使用,
占用;
使忙于;
忙着
be
occupied
房间、座位、床位等被占用;
被占有;
没有空
be
occupied
(in)
doing/with
sth.
忙于做某事
occupy
oneself
with
sth.
/in
doing
sth.
忙于做某事
【知识延伸】表示“忙于或专心于做某事”的表达法还有:
①忙于做某事
be
busy(in)doing
sth.
/with
sth.
be
engaged
in(doing)sth.
engage
oneself
in(doing)sth.
②专心于某事
focus/concentrate
on,
be
absorbed
in,
devote
oneself(heart
and
soul)to,
apply
oneself
to,
keep
one’s
mind
on,
put
one’s
heart
into,
fix
one’s
thought/mind
on等。
用occupy的适当形式填空。
(1)He
is
a
teacher
by
occupation,
and
his
time
is
fully
occupied
with
his
students.
He
always
thinks
about
his
work,
and
how
to
teach
the
students
well
occupies
his
mind.
(2)同义句改写。
She
occupied
herself
with
routine
office
tasks
and
had
no
time
to
attend
to
her
children.
①Occupying
herself
with
routine
office
tasks,
she
had
no
time
to
attend
to
her
children.
(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)?
②Occupied
with
routine
office
tasks,
she
had
no
time
to
attend
to
her
children.
(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)?
7.
hunger
n.
饥饿;
欲望
vt.
&vi.
(使)饥饿
In
some
parts
of
Africa,
there
are
still
some
children
dying
of
hunger.
在非洲的某些地区,
仍有一些儿童死于饥饿。
He
hungered
to
get
that
post.
他渴望得到那个岗位。
Most
actors
have
a
hunger
for/after
success.
绝大多数演员都渴望成功。
die
of
hunger　　　　　死于饥饿
hunger
to
do
sth.
渴望做某事
have
a
hunger
for/after
sth.
;
hunger
for/after
sth.
渴望得到某物
hungry
adj.
饥饿的;
渴望的
表达“渴望……”之意的短语还有:
have
a
desire/thirst
for,
have
an
appetite
for,
be
thirsty/eager
for,
long
for,
be
anxious
for等。
(1)语法填空。
A
great
number
of
people
are
going
hungry
and
hundreds
of
children
have
died
of
hunger.
(hungry)
(2)The
little
boy
has
a
hunger
for/hungers
for/after
progress
in
math.
?
这个小男孩渴望数学取得进步。
8.
This
special
strain
of
rice
makes
it
possible
to
produce
20%
more
of
the
crop
in
the
same
fields.
?
这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获20%的粮食。
【句式解构】
(1)此句为复杂的简单句。句中谓语动词makes后跟复合宾语,
it为形式宾语,
不定式作真正的宾语,
形容词possible为宾语补足语。
(2)“make+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”的基本结构:
make+it+宾语补足语(for
sb.
)+to
do.
.
.
/
that.
.
.
Nowadays
convenient
transport
makes
it
possible
for
us
to
travel
around
the
world
in
a
short
time.
现在便利的交通使我们在短时间内环游世界成为可能。
(2019·江苏高考)The
big
brains
make
it
harder
for
the
body
to
move
around.
大脑越大,
身体越难活动。
She
made
it
clear
that
she
was
against
the
plan.
她明确表示她反对该计划。
【知识延伸】
“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”中的6123结构:
?6指常用的动词:
think,
believe,
make,
find,
consider,
feel;
?1指形式宾语it;
?2指宾语补足语的两种形式:
形容词和名词;
?3指真正的宾语的三种形式:
不定式、动名词、宾语从句。I
find
it
no
use
advising
him
to
give
up
smoking.
我发现建议他戒烟是没有用处的。
I
must
make
it
clear
that
I’ll
always
support
you.
我必须说清楚我会一直支持你。
(1)语法填空。
①The
Internet
makes
it
easier
for
people
to
keep
in
touch
with
others.
②No
matter
where
he
is,
he
makes
it
a
rule
to
go
(go)for
a
walk
before
breakfast.
?
(2)一句多译。
精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。
①
Mastering
the
technology
makes
it
possible
for
us
to
use
the
Internet
more
effectively.
(不定式作宾语)?
②
Mastering
the
technology
makes
it
possible
that
we
can
use
the
Internet
more
effectively.
(从句作宾语)?
9.
Using
his
hybrid
rice,
farmers
are
producing
harvests
twice
as
large
as
before.
?
用他的杂交水稻种子,
农民们种出的粮食是以前的两倍。
【句式解构】
(1)此句为复杂的简单句。句中分词“Using
his
hybrid
rice”为方式状语。
(2)“twice
as
large
as”为倍数的表达方式。
This
building
is
five
times
as
high
as
that
one.
这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。
People’s
average
income
is
almost
five
times
what
they
earned
ten
years
ago.
人们的平均收入几乎是十年前的五倍。
The
newly-broadened
square
is
four
times
the
size
of
the
previous
one.
新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
The
number
of
the
students
in
our
school
is
three
times
larger
than
theirs.
我们学校学生的人数是他们学校学生人数的三倍。
(1)语法填空。
①The
red
ruler
is
twice
longer
(long)
than
the
yellow
one.
②It’s
said
that
the
power
plant
is
now
twice
as
large
as
what
it
was.
?
(2)一句多译。
这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。
①This
room
is
three
times
as
big
as
that
one.
?
②This
room
is
three
times
bigger
than
that
one.
?
③This
room
is
three
times
the
size
of
that
one.
?
【拓视野·观天下】
1.
Beijing
has
signed
agreements
to
export
high-speed
train
technology
to
a
number
of
countries.
北京已同多个国家签署协议,
向其出口高速列车技术。
2.
The
e-commerce
company
has
expanded
further
into
fields
such
as
mobile
payments
and
cloud
computing.
这家电子商务公司进一步扩展到移动支付和云计算等领域。
3.
It
is
a
struggle
for
Milan
and
Cortina
Danpezzo
to
win
the
host
of
the
2026
Winter
Olympics
and
Paralympics.
米兰和科尔蒂纳丹佩佐赢得2026年冬季奥运会和冬季残奥会的主办权是件很费力的事。
4.
Other
countries
have
launched
about
10
X-ray
satellites,
but
they
have
different
advantages
and
therefore
different
observation
focuses.
其他国家已经发射了大约10颗X射线卫星,
不过它们有着不同的优势,
因而有不同的观测重点。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　课时检测·素养达标
Ⅰ.
语段填词
1.
He
was
equipped
(装备)with
detailed
knowledge
and
therefore
(因此)
was
chased
by
major
companies.
2.
He
struggled(拼搏)
hard
to
get
rid(摆脱)
of
the
defeat.
3.
Our
foreign
trade
has
expanded
(扩大)
during
the
last
decade
(十年).
Every
year,
we
export
(出口)
a
lot
of
products
to
many
different
countries.
4.
Affected
by
the
epidemic,
the
output(产量)
of
the
factory
has
dropped
a
lot,
which
is
really
disturbing(令人不安的).
5.
His
occupation(职业)
is
related
to
air
pollution;
as
a
result,
he
always
reminds
people
of
the
importance
of
ensuring
the
fresh
air
through
air
circulation(循环).
Ⅱ.
单句语法填空
1.
It’s
not
easy
to
rid
oneself
of
a
bad
habit.
2.
If
you
are
not
satisfied
with
the
judgment,
you
have
the
right
of
appeal.
3.
Thanks
to
your
help,
we
accomplished
the
task
ahead
of
schedule.
4.
All
cars
must
be
equipped(equip)with
parts
to
reduce
emission.
?
5.
The
poor
girl
has
been
struggling
with/against
cancer
for
two
years.
6.
His
company
has
expanded
into
a
big
one
after
ten
years
of
hard
work.
7.
He
was
disturbed
to
learn
(learn)
that
his
child
was
ill.
?
8.
—What
is
your
nationality
(nation)?
—Chinese.
But
now
I
live
with
my
son’s
family
in
the
US.
9.
She
is
old
enough
to
have
the
freedom
(free)
to
do
what
she
likes.
?
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
This
river
is
twice
as
long
as
that
one.
?
这条河是那条河的两倍长。
2.
Is
everybody
feeling
tired?
If
not,
let’s
carry
on
our
conversation.
?
大家都累了吗?如果没有,
我们继续谈吧。
3.
I
made
it
clear
to
you
that
you
should
behave
yourself
at
the
party.
?
我明确向你表示过,
在聚会上你应该举止得体。
4.
I
often
make
some
cakes
so
that
the
children
can
eat
them
when
they
are
hungry.
?
我经常做一些蛋糕,
为的是孩子们饿的时候可以吃。
5.
Arriving
home,
she
showed
me
her
large
bright
clean
sitting
room.
到家后,
她让我看了她宽敞明亮洁净的起居室。?
Ⅳ.
课文短文改错
　　Yuan
Longping,
one
of
China’s
most
famous
scientist
and
the
Father
of
Super
Hybrid
Rice,
has
made
great
achievements
in
agriculture
both
home
and
abroad.
In
1953
which
Yuan
Longping
graduated
from
college,
hunger
was
a
disturbing
problem
in
much
parts
of
the
countryside.
To
solve
the
problem,
Yuan
Longping
struggled
to
find
a
new
way
to
improve
harvests
without
expand
the
area
of
the
fields.
Through
many
years’
hard
work,
Yuan
Longping
developed
that
was
called
“super
hybrid
rice”
in
1973.
He
became
the
first
agricultural
pioneer
in
the
world
to
growing
rice
that
has
a
high
output.
He
has
also
circulated
his
knowledge
to
some
other
countries.
Thanks
to
his
research,
the
UN
has
more
tools
in
the
battle
to
rid
the
world
with
hunger.
Yuan
Longping
is
satisfied
with
his
life
but
he
would
like
to
have
more
freedom
to
do
their
research.
Although
he
is
famous,
but
he
wants
to
lead
a
simple
life
and
has
a
dream
to
export
his
rice
so
that
it
can
be
grown
around
the
world.
答案:
1.
【解析】第一句scientist改为scientists。考查名词单复数。one
of后跟名词的复数形式。
2.
【解析】第一句home之前加介词at。考查固定搭配。at
home
and
abroad国内外。
3.
【解析】第二句which改为when。考查定语从句。此处为定语从句,
先行词为时间,
且从句中缺少时间状语。
4.
【解析】第二句much改为many。考查形容词。修饰复数parts,
应该用many。
5.
【解析】第三句expand改为expanding。考查介词。without为介词,
后接动词-ing形式作宾语。
6.
【解析】第四句that改为what。考查宾语从句。此处为宾语从句,
且从句中缺少主语。
7.
【解析】第五句growing改为grow。考查固定搭配。the
first.
.
.
to
do
sth.
,
为固定结构。
8.
【解析】第七句with改为of。考查介词。rid.
.
.
of.
.
.
使……摆脱……,
为固定搭配。
9.
【解析】第八句their改为his。考查形容词性物主代词。此处强调主语的研究。
10.
【解析】第九句去掉but。although与but不能连用。
课时素养评价
四　Unit
2　Warming
Up
&
Reading
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
Dina,
having
struggled
(struggle)
for
months
to
find
a
job
as
a
waitress,
finally
took
a
position
at
a
local
advertising
agency.
?
2.
The
small
store
eventually
expanded
into
a
supermarket.
3.
I’ve
looked
up
a
lot
of
information
about
smoking
and
I’ve
found
out
some
disturbing
(disturb)things.
4.
We
should
equip
our
students
with
wide
knowledge
so
that
they
can
do
more
for
the
country
when
they
grow
up.
5.
Further
measures
will
be
taken
to
rid
(rid)
our
streets
of
crime.
?
6.
Knocked
down
by
a
bike,
he
was
badly
hurt
and
had
to
struggle
to
his
feet.
7.
It’s
been
decades
(decade)since
I
graduated
from
college.
8.
Getting
rid
of
hunger
(hungry)
is
very
important
in
African
countries,
because
too
many
people
have
starved
to
death.
9.
Having
rid
the
company
of
the
heavy
debts,
the
manager
smiled
with
satisfaction
(satisfy).
10.
If
you
stay
out
in
the
sun
for
a
long
time,
you
may
get
sunburnt
(sunburn).
Ⅱ.
用适当的介词填空
1.
Thanks
to
your
inspiration,
I
am
successful.
2.
You
must
rid
yourself
of
these
old-fashioned
ideas.
3.
I
am
not
satisfied
with
your
work;
you
must
improve
it.
4.
They
have
spent
a
lot
of
money
equipping
all
the
rooms
with
video
cameras.
5.
When
you
care
about
other
people,
they
tend
to
think
a
lot
of
you.
6.
You
have
to
let
us
struggle
for
ourselves,
even
if
we
must
die
in
the
process.
7.
I’m
18
years
old
and
will
graduate
from
Xinxing
Foreign
Studies
School
this
July.
8.
We
searched
for
hours,
but
we
couldn’t
find
my
bike.
9.
He
cares
for
the
students
who
have
difficulty
studying.
10.
He
is
going
to
the
friends’
home
with
the
hope
of
borrowing
more
money
from
it.
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
As
is
known
to
us,
we
live
in
what
is
called
the
information
age.
?
众所周知,
我们生活在所谓的信息时代。
【知识拓展】牢记what和that引导名词性从句的区别
(1)that没有词义,
也不作任何成分,
当从句意义完整,
不缺任何成分时用that;
　Experts
believe
that
people
can
waste
less
food
by
shopping
only
when
it
is
necessary.
专家认为,
人们可以通过只有需要时才购物这一方法来减少更多食物的浪费。
(2)what在从句中表示“……的(东西)”(有时候可以不译),
在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语,
定语等成分。
Pick
yourself
up.
Courage
is
doing
what
you’re
afraid
to
do.
振作起来。勇气就是去做你害怕去做的事情。
2.
We
were
all
surprised
when
he
made
it
clear
that
he
would
leave
office
soon.
?
当他明确表示他将很快离职时,
我们都很惊讶。
3.
He
is
always
the
first
teacher
to
get
to
the
office
and
the
last
to
leave.
?
他总是第一个到达办公室,
最后一个离开的老师。
4.
Our
school
is
twice
as
large
as
theirs.
?
我们学校是他们(学校)的两倍大。
Ⅰ.
阅读理解
A
(2020·北京高一检测)
　　A
few
weeks
ago,
I
sat
with
a
California
farmer
named
Dave
Ribeiro.
I
asked
him
what
he
wished
to
know
about
farmers.
He
smiled
and
said,
“That
we
walk
among
you.
We
look
like
you
and
talk
like
you.
We
have
advanced
degrees
and
hobbies,
just
like
you.
”
　　Take
Dave
for
example:
He’s
a
young
man
with
a
music
degree.
And
if
you
walked
past
him
on
the
street,
you’d
never
think,
“There
goes
a
farmer.
”
　　Is
someone
like
Dave
who
you
picture
when
you
think
of
a
farmer?
Probably
not.
I
think
that
most
people
would
picture
a
man
in
his
overalls(工作服).
I
can
tell
you,
that
does
not
represent
Dave
or
any
of
the
many
other
farmers
I
have
gotten
to
know.
　　Not
only
do
we
have
to
throw
out
our
previous
impression
of
farmers,
but
farming
as
a
whole
doesn’t
look
much
like
it
used
to
either.
We
recently
sent
a
team
out
to
see
what
modern
farming
looks
like,
and
they
found
farmers
to
be
completely
different
from
our
usual
ideas
about
them
and
also
came
across
them
in
some
unexpected
places.
　　In
a
parking
lot
in
a
neighborhood
of
Brooklyn,
they
met
a
new
crop
of
young
farmers
who
were
trying
to
bring
fresh
greens
closer
to
eaters
in
the
city
by
growing
them
in
high-tech
indoor
vertical(垂直的)
farms.
In
a
Florida
field
under
the
flight
path
of
an
airport,
they
discovered
farmers
with
university
degrees
growing
plants
that
might
someday
fuel
our
cars.
And
in
a
modern
farm
in
California,
they
observed
how
farmers
were
using
technology
to
take
the
best
possible
care
of
their
animals.
　　These
farmers
all
spend
their
days
in
very
different
ways—none
of
them
looks
like
the
previous
farmer
we
have
in
our
mind—but
they’re
all
working
on
new
ways
to
feed
our
planet.
Not
only
do
we
need
to
change
our
idea
of
what
farming
looks
like,
but
we
also
need
to
change
our
view
of
where
solutions
can
come
from.
Feeding
all
of
us
is
going
to
take
all
of
us
working
together.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,
介绍了现代农民采用高科技从事农业活动,
农民的形象已经不再是人们过去认为的样子了。
1.
How
does
Dave
describe
today’s
farmers?
A.
They
often
walk
on
the
street.
B.
They
are
leading
a
very
busy
life.
C.
They
are
similar
to
ordinary
people.
D.
They
have
little
time
to
make
friends.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后三句“He
smiled
and
said,
‘That
we
walk
among
you.
We
look
like
you
and
talk
like
you.
We
have
advanced
degrees
and
hobbies,
just
like
you.
’”可知,
Dave认为今天的农民和普通人一样。故选C。
2.
How
does
the
author
think
most
people
see
farmers?
A.
They
usually
wear
overalls.
B.
They
have
interesting
hobbies.
C.
They
are
skilled
at
growing
crops.
D.
They
know
modern
farming
practices.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段“Is
someone
like
Dave
who
you
picture
when
you
think
of
a
farmer?
Probably
not.
I
think
that
most
people
would
picture
a
man
in
his
overalls.
”可知,
在作者看来大多数人会认为农民常穿工作服。故选A。
3.
What
was
the
purpose
of
the
team?
A.
To
deepen
connections
among
farmers.
B.
To
study
different
technologies
in
farming.
C.
To
find
the
new
developments
of
modern
farming.
D.
To
encourage
farmers
to
use
new
farming
methods.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段第二句中的“We
recently
sent
a
team
out
to
see
what
modern
farming
looks
like”可知,
他们派出了一个小组来考察现代农业的面貌。故选C。
4.
What
do
the
farmers
mentioned
in
Paragraph
5
have
in
common?
A.
They
all
work
in
the
city.
B.
They
all
use
high
technology.
C.
They
all
do
hard
physical
work.
D.
They
all
work
with
universities.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第五段中“.
.
.
a
new
crop
of
young
farmers
who
were
trying
to
bring
fresh
greens
closer
to
eaters
in
the
city
.
.
.
farmers
were
using
technology
to
take
the
best
possible
care
of
their
animals.
”可知,
这些农民的共同点在于他们都使用了高科技来从事现代农业工作。故选B。
B
　　The
past
70
years
have
been
good
for
corn
production
in
the
Midwestern
United
States,
with
yields
increasing
fivefold
since
the
1940s.
Much
of
this
improvement
has
been
credited
to
advances
in
farming
technology
but
researchers
at
Harvard
University
are
asking
if
changes
in
climate
and
local
temperature
may
be
playing
a
bigger
role
than
previously
thought.
　　In
a
newspaper,
researchers
find
that
a
prolonged(延长的)
growing
season
due
to
increased
temperatures,
combined
with
the
natural
cooling
effects
of
large
fields
of
plants,
have
had
a
major
contribution
to
improved
corn
production
in
the
U.
S.
“Our
research
shows
that
improvements
in
crop
yields
depend,
in
part,
on
improvements
in
climate,
”
said
Peter
Huybers,
professor
of
Earth
and
Planetary
Sciences.
“In
this
case,
changing
temperatures
have
had
a
beneficial
impact
on
agricultural
production,
but
there
is
no
guarantee
that
benefit
will
last
as
the
climate
continues
to
change.
　　Understanding
the
detailed
relationships
between
climate
and
crop
yields
is
important
as
we
move
towards
feeding
a
growing
population
on
a
changing
planet.
”
The
researchers
modeled
the
relationship
between
temperature
and
crop
yields
from
1981
to
2017
across
the
so-called
Corn
Belt.
They
found
that
as
temperatures
increased
due
to
global
climate
change,
planting
days
got
earlier
and
earlier,
shifting
by
about
three
days
per
decade.
Early
planting
means
the
corn
has
more
time
to
mature
before
the
end
of
the
growing
season.
　　There
is
also
a
second,
more
surprising
trend
that
has
benefited
corn
yields.
Whereas
the
vast
majority
of
temperatures
have
warmed
over
the
last
century,
the
hottest
days
during
the
Midwestern
growing
season
have
actually
cooled.
　　The
researchers
estimate
that
more
than
one
quarter
of
the
increase
in
crop
yields
since
1981
can
be
attributed
to
the
twin
effects
of
a
longer
growing
season
and
less
exposure
to
high
temperatures,
suggesting
that
the
crop
yield
is
more
vulnerable
to
climate
change
than
previously
thought.
　　The
researchers
also
show
that
the
planting
and
harvest
dates
farmers
currently
use
are
significantly
better
adapted
to
the
present
climate
than
it
would
be
to
climates
in
earlier
decades.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,
介绍了一项研究结果。在这种情况下,
不断变化的气温对农业生产产生了有益的影响,
但不能保证这种影响将随着气候的持续变化而持续下去。
5.
What
is
previously
thought
to
be
the
reason
for
the
increase
of
corn
production?
A.
Local
temperature
change.
B.
Advanced
farming
technology.
C.
Climate
change.
D.
Production
efficiency.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Much
of
this
improvement
has
been
credited
to
advances
in
farming
technology.
.
.
playing
a
bigger
role
than
previously
thought.
”可知,
以前认为玉米产量增加的原因是“先进的农业技术。”故选B。
6.
Why
is
it
important
to
understand
the
relationships
between
climate
and
crop
yield?
A.
The
climate
has
a
beneficial
impact
on
agriculture.
B.
We
can
change
the
climate
to
improve
crop
yield.
C.
We
depend
on
the
climate
to
get
food.
D.
Crop
yield
relies
less
on
the
climate.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中“Our
research
shows
that
improvements
in
crop
yields
depend,
in
part,
on
improvements
in
climate,
”可知,
之所以理解气候和作物产量之间的关系很重要,
是因为我们依靠气候获取食物。故选C。
7.
How
many
factors
that
benefit
corn
yields
are
mentioned
in
the
text?
A.
4.
　　　　B.
3.
　　　　C.
2.
　　　　D.
1.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In
this
case,
changing
temperatures
have
had
a
beneficial
impact
on
agricultural
production,
but
there
is
no
guarantee
that
benefit
will
last
as
the
climate
continues
to
change.
”结合第四段“There
is
also
a
second,
more
surprising
trend
that
has
benefited
corn
yields.
.
.
.
growing
season
have
actually
cooled.
”可知,
文中提到了2个有利于玉米产量的因素。故选C。
8.
What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
text?
A.
To
explain
a
mystery.
B.
To
question
a
common
sense.
C.
To
show
a
new
trend.
D.
To
introduce
a
research
result.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“In
a
newspaper,
researchers
find
that
a
prolonged.
.
.
have
had
a
major
contribution
to
improved
corn
production
in
the
U.
S.
”可知,
这篇文章介绍了一项研究结果。故选D。
Ⅱ.
完形填空
(2020·大庆高一检测)
　　Fifty
years
ago
on
a
hot
July
4th
afternoon,
an
agent
showed
us
a
house
in
the
South
Farmingdale—North
Massapequa
area.
My
husband
and
I
liked
the
house.
The
price
was
　1　
our
reach.
So
we
made
our
decision
to
buy
it.
?
　　But
there
was
one
issue.
It
was
a
corner
property
(房产).
We
both
agreed
there
had
to
be
a
　2　.
So
after
moving
in,
my
husband
put
up
a
fence
and
I
painted
it
　3　.
?
　　There
have
been
many
　4　
in
our
lives
since
that
fence
went
up.
Our
four
children
have
grown
up
and
　5　.
Most
of
the
old
　6　
have
been
replaced
with
new
ones.
　7　
,
the
fence
remains,
and
at
the
moment,
so
do
I.
?
　　The
fence
has
been
　8　
more
often
than
I
can
remember.
Most
times
a
broken
board
or
two
was
　9　
repaired.
During
the
past
ten
years,
it
has
been
repainted
professionally.
?
　　But
more
　10　,
the
white
fence
had
turned
green
with
mildew
(霉菌).
The
boards
were
too
old
to
paint.
So
this
spring
I
had
it
rebuilt
and
repainted.
Within
a
week,
however,
I
was
　11　
to
discover
that
a
part
of
it
was
destroyed.
?
　　A
post
(桩)
was
　12　
and
some
boards
were
left
lying
on
the
ground.
I
don’t
know
who
or
what
did
this.
The
fence
is
　13　
a
thing,
not
a
life,
but
for
the
first
time
in
the
years
I
had
spent
on
my
corner,
I
felt
defeated
(被打败).
I
felt
as
if
possibly
there
was
a(n)
　14　:
Time
to
move
on,
stop
trying.
Defeat
is
not
usually
part
of
my
make-up.
This
time
it
was.
?
　　As
I
was
taking
a
photo
of
the
damage
for
a
police
report,
a
young
man
　15　
me
from
across
the
street.
He
　16　
himself
as
a
relatively
new
neighbor,
and
offered
sympathy
(同情)
for
the
　17　.
I
appreciated
meeting
him,
and
also
his
　18　.
?
　　The
next
evening
as
I
ate
my
dinner,
I
heard
a
　19　
outside.
When
I
walked
into
the
yard,
I
realized
the
sounds
came
from
my
property.
As
I
walked
closer,
I
saw
the
neighbor
I
had
just
　20　
repairing
my
fence.
?
　　There
were
still
warm-hearted
people
who
loved
our
community
and
reached
out
to
a
stranger
in
my
time
of
need.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,
讲述了作者刚搬家时搭建的栅栏现在已经没法维修了,
她只好搭建新的栅栏,
可不到一星期,
新的栅栏被破坏了;
作者有种被打败的感觉,
然而第二天晚上新搬来的邻居帮作者修好了栅栏。
1.
A.
below
B.
beyond
C.
within
D.
between
【解析】选C。根据下句“So
we
made
our
decision
to
buy
it”可知,
房子价格在作者承受范围之内。故选C。
2.
A.
fence
B.
garden
C.
wall
D.
farm
【解析】选A。根据下句内容可知,
提到了作者丈夫搭建了一个栅栏。fence栅栏;
garden花园;
wall墙壁;
farm农场。故选A。
3.
A.
red
B.
yellow
C.
white
D.
green
【解析】选C。由第五段中的“the
white
fence
had
turned
green”可知,
栅栏原本是白色的。red红色的;
yellow黄色的;
white白色的;
green绿色的。故选C。
4.
A.
decisions
B.
changes
C.
stories
D.
chances
【解析】选B。由下句“作者孩子长大成人并搬了出去”以及“the
fence
remains”可知,
他们生活有很多变化。decisions决定;
changes变化;
stories故事;
chances机会。故选B。
5.
A.
moved
out
B.
came
back
C.
settled
down
D.
turned
around
【解析】选A。根据常识可知,
孩子长大成人之后,
会搬出父母家。move
out搬出去:
come
back回来;
settle
down定居;
turn
around转身。故选A。
6.
A.
friends
B.
classmates
C.
neighbors
D.
workmates
【解析】选C。由“the
fence
remains”和“so
do
I”可知,
栅栏还在,
作者还在,
与之形成对比的是孩子长大离开了,
之前的邻居也搬离了这里。friends朋友;
classmates同学;
neighbors邻居;
workmates工友。故选C。
7.
A.
Thus
B.
Therefore
C.
Besides
D.
However
【解析】选D。由上文内容可知,
作者的孩子离开了,
邻居离开了,
但是栅栏还在,
however表语义的转折。thus那么;
therefore因此;
besides除……之外;
however然而。故选D。
8.
A.
replaced
B.
repaired
C.
removed
D.
cleaned
【解析】选B。由下句“Most
times
a
broken
board
or
two
was_______repaired.
”可知,
栅栏已经修过很多次了。replace代替;
repair修理;
remove移除;
clean打扫。故选B。?
9.
A.
hurriedly
B.
gradually
C.
suddenly
D.
easily
【解析】选D。由“a
broken
board
or
two”可知,
栅栏的破坏程度很小,
很容易修。hurriedly匆忙地;
gradually渐渐地;
suddenly突然地;
easily容易地。故选D项。
10.
A.
recently
B.
importantly
C.
secretly
D.
seriously
【解析】选A。But表转折,
此空与第四段中“During
the
past
ten
years”形成对照。recently最近地;
importantly重要地;
secretly秘密地;
seriously严重地。故选A。
11.
A.
worried
B.
nervous
C.
shocked
D.
excited
【解析】选C。由上文内容可知,
作者刚重建了栅栏,
结果不到一星期,
栅栏就被破坏了,
作者看到被破坏的栅栏时应该是很震惊的。worried担忧的;
nervous紧张的;
shocked震惊的;
excited兴奋的。故选C。
12.
A.
fixed
B.
found
C.
dropped
D.
broken
【解析】选D。由上一段最后一句可知,
部分栅栏被破坏,
所以此空用broken。故选D。
13.
A.
just
B.
still
C.
also
D.
ever
【解析】选A。由“not
a
life”可知,
栅栏只是一件东西,
不是生命。故选A。
14.
A.
order
B.
message
C.
note
D.
reply
【解析】选B。由“Time
to
move
on,
stop
trying.
”可知,
此处用message,
这种破坏行为貌似传递了一条信息。order秩序;
message信息;
note通知;
reply回答。故选B。
15.
A.
greeted
B.
passed
C.
approached
D.
called
【解析】选C。由“from
across
the
street”和“offered
sympathy
for”可知,
这个年轻人走近了作者。greet问候;
pass路过;
approach走近;
call叫。故选C。
16.
A.
introduced
B.
expressed
C.
regarded
D.
described
【解析】选A。由“a
young
man”和“a
relatively
new
neighbor”可知,
作者不认识年轻人,
因此年轻人向作者介绍自己。introduce介绍;
express表达;
regard当作;
describe描述。故选A。
17.
A.
cause
B.
mistake
C.
difficulty
D.
damage
【解析】选D。由倒数第三段中的“As
I
was
taking
a
photo
of
the
damage
for
a
police
report”中的“damage”可知,
年轻人是对栅栏的损失表示同情。cause原因;
mistake错误;
difficulty困难;
damage损失。故选D。
18.
A.
promise
B.
idea
C.
help
D.
understanding
【解析】选D。由上句可知,
年轻人对作者栅栏的损失表示了同情,
可以推断出作者很感激他的理解。promise承诺;
idea想法;
help帮助;
understanding理解。故选D。
19.
A.
conversation
B.
noise
C.
voice
D.
laugh
【解析】选B。由下句“I
realized
the
sounds
came
from
my
property”和“I
saw
the
neighbor
I
had
just_______repairing
my
fence”可知,
年轻人在帮作者修栅栏,
修理东西肯定有噪音。conversation对话;
noise
噪音;
voice嗓音;
laugh笑声。故选B。?
20.
A.
noticed
B.
met
C.
caught
D.
recognized
【解析】选B。由上文和“I
saw
the
neighbor
I
had
just”可知,
修栅栏的邻居是刚遇见的年轻人。notice注意;
meet遇见;
catch抓住;
recognize认出。故选B。
Ⅲ.
阅读填句
(2020·泰安高一检测)
　　Including
children
in
the
farming
lifestyle
has
many
benefits.
Sure,
it
is
nice
to
have
the
additional
help
with
chores(家庭杂务),
but
it
also
fosters
so
much
growth,
sending
our
kids
down
a
good
path
towards
who
they
will
someday
become.
It
is
possible
that
our
children
will
grow
up
to
lead
lives
that
do
not
include
farming.
　1　
?
　　Through
caring
for
farm
animals,
kids
learn
that
in
life
others
often
come
before
self.
　　　2　
It
doesn’t
matter
if
we
don’t
feel
like
it
or
if
we
are
sick
and
tired.
What
matters
is
that
we
take
care
of
the
animals
that
take
care
of
us
and
do
so
in
a
timely
manner.
?
　　　3　
If
the
work
on
a
farm
does
not
get
done,
the
operation
fails.
It
takes
discipline
and
commitment
to
get
down
to
business
every
day,
and
seeing
this
in
action
will
give
kids
a
good
work
attitude.
They
will
know
and
understand
that
nothing
good
comes
easy
and
that
they
have
to
work
to
survive.
　4　
Functioning
as
part
of
a
productive
team
will
surely
be
playing
a
crucial
role
sooner
or
later
in
all
walks
of
life.
?
　　Additionally,
fanning
teaches
patience.
　5　
Cattle
will
be
difficult
to
control.
Horses
will
run
away
when
you
try
to
catch
them.
Goats
will
kick
over
that
bucket
of
hard-earned
milk.
A
rooster
will
decide
you
got
too
close
to
his
hens
and
give
you
a
run
for
your
money.
In
spite
of
all
that,
kids
will
learn
to
be
patient
and
take
things
easy.
?
　　There
may
not
be
any
instant
reward,
but
in
the
long-term
kids
will
see
the
benefit
of
all
their
efforts
during
those
hard
days.
A.
At
the
same
time,
they
learn
to
work
with
others.
B.
Farm
life
also
teaches
kids
the
value
of
hard
work.
C.
Children
learn
to
be
grateful
for
animals
for
eating
purpose.
D.
Teamwork
is
no
longer
an
important
skill
to
develop
and
use.
E.
There
are
going
to
be
a
lot
of
days
when
things
do
not
go
your
way.
F.
However,
what
they
learn
on
a
farm
can
also
be
instrumental
in
their
future
lives.
G.
Animals
need
to
be
fed,
watered,
and
cared
for
before
we
get
to
sit
down
and
relax.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要陈述了农场生活对孩子有很多好处,
例如:
通过照顾动物,
孩子可以学会生活中别人往往比自己重要;
通过农场工作,
孩子可以学会合作精神和努力工作的价值;
通过赶牲口可以知道很多时候事情不会像我们想象的那样发展。
1.
【解析】选F。根据上句“It
is
possible
that
our
children
will
grow
up
to
lead
lives
that
do
not
include
farming.
”可知,
可能我们孩子将来长大后不会以务农为生,
但是,
他们在农场上学习的东西对他们未来的生活也有帮助,
此处farm是关键词,
故选F。
2.
【解析】选G。根据下句“It
doesn’t
matter
if
we
don’t
feel
like
it
or
if
we
are
sick
and
tired.
What
matters
is
that
we
take
care
of
the
animals
that
take
care
of
us
and
do
so
in
a
timely
manner.
”可知,
这和我们是否喜欢或者我们是否生病以及劳累无关。重要的是我们要及时照顾那些照顾我们的动物,
所以在我们坐下来休息前,
动物需要喂食、喝水和照顾。此处上下文都谈论了照顾动物,
care
for和take
care
of是关键词,
故选G。
3.
【解析】选A。根据下文“It
takes
discipline
and
commitment
to
get
down
to
business
every
day,
and
seeing
this
in
action
will
give
kids
a
good
work
attitude.
”可知,
需要纪律和承诺来开始每天的工作,
看到这些付诸行动会给孩子一个良好的工作态度,
所以,
下文提到的工作态度就是选项里所陈述的与他人合作。故选A。
4.
【解析】选B。根据下句“Functioning
as
part
of
a
productive
team
will
surely
be
playing
a
crucial
role
sooner
or
later
in
all
walks
of
life.
”可知,
作为一个富有成效的团队的一部分,
迟早会在各行各业中扮演重要角色,
所以,
努力的工作的价值就是:
你的努力迟早会在各行各业中扮演重要的角色。故选B。
5.
【解析】选E。根据下文内容“Cattle
will
be
difficult
to
control.
Horses
will
run
away
when
you
try
to
catch
them.
Goats
will
kick
over
that
bucket
of
hard-earned
milk.
A
rooster
will
decide
you
got
too
close
to
his
hens
and
give
you
a
run
for
your
money.
”可知,
牛很难控制;
当你抓马时,
马会跑掉;
山羊会踢翻那桶来之不易的牛奶;
公鸡会认为你靠它的母鸡太近而追着你跑。然而,
会有很多事情不像你想象那样去发展的日子,
所以,
下文是对选项的举例说明。故选E。
PAGE单元素养评价(二)Unit
2
(120分钟　150分)
第一部分　听力
(共两节,
满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分7.
5分)
　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,
你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
Text
1
M:
①I
hope
it
will
be
fine
this
weekend.
I’m
going
boating
with
Tom.
W:
Oh,
I
think
it
will
be
fine.
M:
Are
you
sure?
W:
Yes,
it
has
been
reported
on
the
radio.
1.
What
are
the
two
speakers
talking
about?
A.
A
fine
boat.
　　B.
The
weather.
　C.
Their
friend.
答案:
B
Text
2
M:
How
long
will
it
take
to
the
cinema?
W:
It
is
about
10
minutes’
ride.
But
it
will
take
us
15
minutes
to
get
to
the
station
②by
the
park
from
the
school.
M:
That’s
fine.
We
will
have
enough
time
to
get
there.
2.
Where
does
the
conversation
most
probably
take
place?
A.
In
the
school.
B.
In
the
park.
C.
In
the
cinema.
答案:
A
Text
3
W:
Have
you
finished
your
homework?
M:
Yes,
mum!
③I’m
going
to
the
gym
now,
and
then
I
will
have
an
art
class.
W:
OK.
See
you.
3.
What
will
the
man
do
next?
A.
Take
some
exercise.
　　　　B.
Do
his
homework.
C.
Attend
a
class.
答案:
A
Text
4
W:
It’s
so
nice
to
have
you
here.
M:
I
hope
I
haven’t
kept
you
waiting
long.
W:
No.
④How
was
the
flight?
M:
It
was
quite
pleasant.
4.
Where
does
this
conversation
take
place?
A.
At
a
bus
stop.
　　　　B.
At
the
railway
station.
C.
At
the
airport.
答案:
C
Text
5
M:
I
hope
you
like
the
book
I
lent
you.
I
wasn’t
sure
if
you’d
be
interested.
W:
I’d
the
same
doubt
at
first.
⑤But
once
I
started,
I
just
couldn’t
put
it
down.
5.
How
does
the
woman
like
the
book?
A.
Quite
difficult.
　　　　B.
Very
interesting.
C.
Too
simple.
答案:
B
第二节(共15小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分22.
5分)
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,
你将有时间阅读各个小题,
每小题5秒钟;
听完后,
各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,
回答第6、7题。
Text
6
M:
⑥The
floor
looks
super
clean.
Did
you
call
the
cleaning
company?
W:
Nope.
My
foot
is
broken.
I
stay
at
home.
So
I
did
it
myself.
M:
With
a
broken
foot?
Was
that
a
good
idea?
W:
Don’t
worry,
Dave.
M:
⑦You
could
have
called
Brenda.
She
would
have
done
it
for
you.
W:
⑦I’m
not
asking
your
little
sister
to
clean
my
floors,
Dave.
Anyway,
it
wasn’t
as
hard
as
you
think.
I
have
been
using
a
Roomba
recently.
M:
Oh,
that
cleaning
robot?
I’m
jealous,
Sandra.
I
wanted
one,
but
I
didn’t
have
500
extra
dollars.
W:
I
know.
They’re
so
expensive.
I
got
mine
from
my
boss
when
I
was
Employee
of
the
Year
two
years
ago.
6.
What
is
the
conversation
mainly
about?
A.
Sandra’s
foot.
　　　　B.
Cleaning
the
floor.
C.
Housekeeping
costs.
答案:
B
7.
Who
is
Brenda?
A.
Dave’s
sister.
　　　　B.
Sandra’s
boss.
C.
Dave’s
house
cleaner.
答案:
A
听第7段材料,
回答第8、9题。
Text
7
W:
United
Airlines.
May
I
help
you?
M:
Yes.
⑨I’d
like
to
book
some
tickets
for
Flight
220,
⑧leaving
for
Honolulu
on
December
22
at
7:
30
in
the
evening.
W:
Do
you
want
to
fly
first
or
economy
class?
M:
Economy,
please.
W:
Will
this
be
a
one-way
trip?
M:
No,
round
trip
back
to
Chicago.
By
the
way,
do
you
have
any
direct
flights
coming
back?
W:
Yes,
we
do.
⑨Flight
515,
leaving
Honolulu
at
3:
00
pm,
flies
nonstop
back
to
Chicago.
M:
That
will
be
perfect.
What’s
the
exact
air
fare?
W:
The
round
trip
economy
fare
from
Chicago
to
Honolulu
is
$476
during
the
high
season.
M:
All
right,
here’s
the
money.
8.
Where
is
the
man
going
to
travel?
A.
Honolulu.
B.
Chicago.
C.
New
York.
答案:
A
9.
Which
flights
is
the
man
going
to
take
for
his
round
trip?
A.
Flight
220
and
Flight
576.
B.
Flight
220
and
Flight
515.
C.
Flight
515
and
Flight
476.
答案:
B
听第8段材料,
回答第10～12题。
Text
8
M:
Oh,
no.
Is
it
almost
7:
00
am?
Why
didn’t
my
alarm
work?
W:
What’s
wrong?
Your
class
starts
at
8:
00
am.
You
have
plenty
of
time,
don’t
you?
M:
No,
today
is
my
school
field
trip.
⑩
I
need
to
be
at
school
by
7:
15
am.
W:
Oh,
yeah,
that’s
right.
You
asked
me
to
pack
your
lunch
box
last
night.
M:
Can
you
drive
me
there
right
now,
Mom?
I
would
be
late
if
I
took
the
bus.
W:
Sorry,
sweetie.
I
haven’t
taken
a
shower
or
gotten
dressed.
I
need
at
least
20
minutes.
M:
No
way.
I
will
be
in
big
trouble.
W:
Oh.
?Look
out
the
window!
?Seems
like
Mrs
Anderson
will
drive
her
son,
Billy,
to
school
right
now.
How
about
you
go
with
them?
Billy
is
your
best
friend.
I’m
sure
Mrs
Anderson
wouldn’t
mind
taking
you
with
them,
right?
M:
You’re
brilliant,
Mom.
10.
When
should
students
meet
for
the
field
trip?
A.
At
7:
15
am.
B.
At
7:
00
am.
C.
At
8:
00
am.
答案:
A
11.
How
will
the
boy
probably
get
to
school
today?
A.
Take
the
bus.
B.
Take
his
mom’s
car.
C.
Take
Mrs
Anderson’s
car.
答案:
C
12.
What
is
the
relationship
between
the
woman
and
Mrs
Anderson?
A.
Colleagues.
B.
Neighbours.
C.
Best
friends.
答案:
B
听第9段材料,
回答第13～16题。
Text
9
M:
Did
you
hear
about
Jason’s
strange
experience?
W:
Yes,
but
I
don’t
quite
believe
him.
I
think
he
made
up
the
whole
story.
M:
But
I
believe
him.
W:
As
you
like.
For
me,
there’s
no
such
thing
in
the
earth.
?Only
you
could
believe
that
a
pet
dog
can
fly
and
send
a
letter
to
you.
Do
you
think
a
dog
is
a
bird?
M:
Of
course
not,
?but
you
can
train
a
dog.
W:
?You
may
be
able
to
train
a
dog
to
send
a
letter
for
you,
but
you
can
never
train
it
to
fly.
M:
Why
not?
W:
Why
not?
Can
you
fly
after
being
trained?
M:
But
I
am
not
a
dog.
And
Jason’s
dog
is
not
a
common
dog.
W:
A
special
dog
with
wings?
You
are
so
crazy.
I
am
not
going
to
discuss
this
with
you
anymore.
M:
You
may
say
I
am
crazy.
?But
you
have
to
believe
a
dog
can
fly.
W:
Listen.
?I
have
to
go
now.
Otherwise
I
will
be
as
crazy
as
you
are.
Goodbye
to
you
and
your
flying
dog.
M:
Hey,
I
haven’t
finished
yet!
W:
Bye!
13.
What
was
Jason’s
strange
experience?
A.
His
dog
could
fly.
B.
His
dog
became
a
bird.
C.
His
dog
sent
a
letter
to
the
man.
答案:
A
14.
What
does
the
woman
believe?
A.
A
dog
can
send
a
letter
after
being
trained.
B.
Jason’s
dog
isn’t
a
common
dog.
C.
The
man
can
fly
after
being
trained.
答案:
A
15.
How
does
the
man
explain
Jason’s
dog
can
fly?
A.
Jason’s
dog
has
wings.
B.
You
can
train
a
dog
to
fly.
C.
You
can
train
a
dog
like
a
bird.
答案:
B
16.
What
does
the
woman
mean
in
the
end?
A.
Only
birds
can
fly.
B.
Only
a
dog
with
wings
can
fly.
C.
The
man’s
explanation
does
not
make
sense.
答案:
C
听第10段材料,
回答第17～20题。
Text
10
　　Hi,
students!
?This
is
Ashley
Jacobs,
your
student
government
president.
I
have
some
important
information
for
everyone
about
activities
on
campus
this
year.
I
promise
that
there
will
be
something
fun
for
everyone
to
do.
Do
you
like
sports?
I
know
everyone
is
a
fan
of
our
football
team.
?And
now
there
are
two
new
teams
at
school
this
year.
We
have
added
a
baseball
team
and
a
swim
team.
Or
do
you
enjoy
creative
activities?
Student
government
created
an
art
club
and
a
music
club
for
people
with
artistic
abilities.
Both
of
these
groups
have
events
all
year
long.
The
art
club
hosts
painting
nights
and
trips
to
the
local
museum,
?
and
the
music
club
goes
to
see
shows
at
the
concert
hall.
And
don’t
forget
about
the
school
newspaper
for
all
the
writers
out
there!
We
pass
out
the
paper
every
week
for
free
on
campus.
Read
it
to
keep
up
with
all
of
the
school
news
and
activities
that
I
announced.
I
strongly
recommend
that
you
join
a
student
organization.
?It
is
an
easy
way
to
make
good
friends
and
have
fun.
Please
consider
joining
one
of
these
groups
today.
17.
Who
is
making
the
announcement?
A.
The
student
government.
B.
The
school
newspaper.
C.
The
football
team.
答案:
A
18.
How
many
new
teams
are
added
this
year?
A.
Four.
　　
　B.
Three.
　　　　　C.
Two.
答案:
C
19.
What
do
the
music
club
members
do?
A.
Organize
trips.
　　　　B.
Attend
concerts.
C.
Host
dancing
nights.
答案:
B
20.
Why
should
a
student
join
a
campus
group?
A.
To
have
friends.
　　　　B.
To
make
good
grades.
C.
To
keep
up
with
world
news.
答案:
A
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节,
满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;
每小题2分,
满分30分)
A
Soon
enough,
we
will
lose
some
of
the
most
amazing
sites
on
Earth!
The
Great
Barrier
Reef(大堡礁)
Rising
air
temperatures
will
cause
sea
temperatures
to
rise
as
well.
All
life
supported
by
the
oceans
will
be
affected.
Corals(珊瑚虫)
are
some
of
the
animals
easily
affected
and
we
are
already
watching
whole
reefs
disappear.
The
Great
Barrier
Reef
in
Australia
is
no
exception
and
will
continue
to
become
smaller
as
the
temperatures
rise!These
reefs
are
some
of
the
best
in
the
world
for
diving,
but
they
will
soon
disappear!
Venice
Sprawling
across(横跨)hundreds
of
small
islands
in
Northeast
Italy,
Venice
is
at
risk
of
sinking
into
the
Adriatic
Sea.
Rising
sea
levels
are
in
fact
a
serious
threat
to
many
coastal
cities
located
at
sea
level.
Lucky
for
us,
however,
Venice
is
developing
a
series
of
sea
walls
to
protect
the
city
in
times
of
high
tide.
Glacier(冰川)National
Park
Glacier
National
Park
was
once
covered
by
over
150
glaciers,
but
by
2005
it
only
had
about
27!Located
in
Montana,
Canada,
this
park
is
over
a
million
acres(英亩)
and
has
a
huge
plant
and
wildlife
population.
As
temperatures
rise,
the
glaciers
and
ice
melt,
which
will
affect
the
ecosystems
supporting
over
a
thousand
plant
species
and
hundreds
of
animals.
The
Amazon
The
cause
behind
the
disappearance
of
these
fantastic
places
eventually
comes
down
to
humans.
Our
expansion
usually
requires
cutting
down
forests
for
land,
fuel
and
materials,
but
rarely
considers
the
results.
These
forests
are
sources
of
food
and
medicine
for
just
about
everyone
on
the
planet!
What
will
happen
if
we
lose
these
places
and
beautiful
destinations?!
【文章大意】本文主要预测由于一些原因一些景点将会消失。
21.
According
to
the
text,
what
is
causing
corals’
death?
A.
Rising
sea
levels.
B.
Rising
sea
temperatures.
C.
Humans’
diving
activities.
D.
The
water
pollution.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据The
Great
Barrier
Reef中的内容可知,
不断上升的气温导致海水的温度上升,
然后影响海里的动物,
其中,
珊瑚虫是很容易受影响的。水温的上升会导致珊瑚礁消失,
当然珊瑚虫就会死去。由此可知导致珊瑚虫死去的原因是海水温度上升。
22.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
part
of
“Venice”?
A.
Many
places
are
in
the
risk
of
sinking
below
the
sea
level.
B.
Venice
is
the
only
coastal
city
of
Italy.
C.
Venice
will
never
sink
because
of
the
protection
of
sea
walls.
D.
Italy
consists
of
hundreds
of
small
islands
in
the
Adriatic
Sea.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据Venice中Rising
sea
levels
are
in
fact
a
serious
threat
to
many
coastal
cities
located
at
sea
level.
可知,
不断上升的海水对许多处于海水平面的沿海城市是一个严重的威胁,
它们有可能会下沉到海平面以下。
23.
What
can
we
learn
about
Glacier
National
Park
from
the
text?
A.
It
doesn’t
support
any
living
thing
for
its
cold.
B.
It
is
covered
by
over
150
glaciers.
C.
Plant
species
and
animals
in
it
have
died
out.
D.
It
covers
a
large
area
in
Montana.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据Glacier
National
Park
中的Located
in
Montana,
Canada,
this
park
is
over
a
million
acres可知Glacier
National
Park的面积超过100万英亩,
由此可知,
它占地面积很大。
B
(2020·宁波高一检测)
　　Can
small,
organic
agriculture
really
feed
the
world?
Won’t
we
need
science
to
produce
enough
food
as
the
world
population
is
growing
to
9
billion
by
2050?
The
answer
to
both
questions
is
YES—but
that
science
may
look
different
than
you
think.
　　We
have
been
told
that
the
only
way
we
will
be
able
to
feed
the
growing
population
is
through
the
science
of
GM(转基因)
crops
and
chemicals.
But
the
latest
scientific
studies
are
saying
just
the
opposite.
In
study
after
study,
the
message
about
agriculture
is:
To
feed
the
world,
we
need
to
support
sustainable(可持续的)
agriculture
on
different,
local,
family
farms
that
work
with
nature.
　　In
2008,
an
international
study
found
that
sustainable
agriculture,
not
GM
crops,
shows
more
hope
of
ending
hunger.
The
International
Assessment
of
Agricultural
Knowledge,
Science,
and
Technology
for
Development
(known
as
the
IAASTD),
calls
for
a
change
of
the
world’s
food
and
farming
systems.
　　The
Assessment
said
that
industrial
agriculture
has
greatly
destroyed
the
world’s
soils
and
other
natural
resources,
and
now
is
doing
harm
to
water,
energy,
and
weather
safety.
The
report
warns
that
expensive,
short-term
ways—including
GM
crops—are
not
likely
to
cut
down
long-term
hunger,
and
could
even
make
environmental
and
social
problems
worse
in
many
places.
　　A
recent
report
by
the
UN
Environment
Program
shows
that
food
problems
will
become
more
serious
because
of
environmental
problems
and
strongly
supports
sustainable
agriculture
on
small
family
farms.
It
also
showed
that
a
worldwide
change
to
organics
could
actually
increase
the
world’s
food
production
by
as
much
as
50%—enough
to
feed
a
population
of
9
billion
people
with
the
land
we
have
now.
GM
crops,
once
popular,
are
now
being
questioned
worldwide.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。最新的科学研究表明,
转基因作物不能解决长期的饥饿问题,
甚至可能使许多地方的环境和社会问题恶化。如果世界各国支持可持续农业的发展,
就不会有食物问题。
24.
How
can
we
feed
the
growing
population
of
the
world
according
to
the
passage?
A.
In
expensive,
short-term
ways.
B.
By
encouraging
industrial
agriculture.
C.
By
developing
small,
organic
agriculture.
D.
Through
the
science
of
GM
crops
and
chemicals.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“It
also
showed
that
a
worldwide
change
to
organics
could
actually
increase
the
world’s
food
production
by
as
much
as
50%—enough
to
feed
a
population
of
9
billion
people
with
the
land
we
have
now.
”可知通过发展小型有机农业可以养活世界上不断增长的人口。故选C。
25.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage
if
the
world
supports
sustainable
agriculture?
A.
There
will
be
no
food
problems.
B.
We
increase
a
lot
of
farm
land.
C.
The
environmental
problems
are
solved.
D.
All
the
small
family
farms
are
used.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段的“To
feed
the
world,
we
need
to
support
sustainable
agriculture
on
different,
local,
family
farms
that
work
with
nature.
”和第三段的“In
2008,
an
international
study
found
that
sustainable
agriculture,
not
GM
crops,
shows
more
hope
of
ending
hunger.
”。由此判断出,
如果世界各国支持可持续农业的发展,
就不会有食物问题。故选A。
26.
Which
of
the
following
best
describes
sustainable
agriculture?
A.
The
science
of
GM
crops.
B.
Working
on
small
family
farms.
C.
A
fast
way
to
increase
the
world’s
food
production.
D.
An
approach
to
agriculture
without
harming
the
environment.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“The
report
warns
that
expensive,
short-term
ways
—
including
GM
crops
—
are
not
likely
to
cut
down
long-term
hunger,
and
could
even
make
environmental
and
social
problems
worse
in
many
places.
”可知,
文章倡导可持续发展的农业,
因此相对于昂贵的短期方法,
可持续性农业是一种长期的、不损害环境的农业模式。故选D。
27.
What
might
be
talked
about
if
there
is
one
more
paragraph?
A.
The
causes
of
food
problems.
B.
The
disadvantages
of
GM
crops.
C.
The
development
of
industrial
agriculture.
D.
The
disadvantages
of
sustainable
agriculture.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“GM
crops,
once
popular,
are
now
being
questioned
worldwide.
”可知,
曾经受欢迎的转基因作物现在正受到全世界的质疑。由此判断出文章接下来最有可能说的是转基因作物的缺点。故选B。
C
(2020·唐山高一检测)
　　Big
changes
in
agriculture
are
taking
place
in
Singapore.
The
small,
Southeast
Asian
nation
is
leading
a
farming
revolution,
according
to
the
Reuters
news
agency.
　　Singapore
covers
724
square
kilometers
of
land
and
only
one
percent
of
that
land
is
used
for
agriculture.
Food
production
costs
are
higher
there
than
the
rest
of
Southeast
Asia.
As
climate
change
and
population
growth
threaten
food
supplies,
the
pressure
is
on
new
farmers
to
answer
the
government’s
call
to
“grow
more
with
less”.
　　“Whenever
I
talk
about
food
security
in
Singapore,
I
tell
people
don’t
think
land
—think
space,
because
you
can
go
upwards
and
sideways.
”
said
Paul
Teng,
an
agriculture
professor
at
Nanyang
Technological
University.
　　There
are
more
than
30
vertical
(垂直的)farms
in
Singapore
—
ones
that
grow
up,
not
across,
the
land.
Sustenir
Agriculture
is
one
of
these
businesses.
Its
hydroponic
(水栽法的)
farm
grows
non-native
foods
like
cherry
tomatoes
and
strawberries
inside
buildings
under
artificial
lighting.
Then
it
sells
the
produce
to
local
supermarkets
and
online
stores.
Sustenir
raised
$16
million
from
investors
(投资人)last
year.
The
money
will
be
used
to
expand
operations
in
Singapore.
　　However,
not
everyone
thinks
the
new
technology
is
the
best.
Egg
farmer
William
Ho
says
the
government
should
not
depend
so
much
on
agriculture
technology
businesses.
“
Many
of
them
have
failed.
That’s
why
I’m
always
asking
the
government
why
don’t
you
invest
in
us
old-timers.
We
are
more
practical,
”
he
said.
Professor
Paul
Teng
said
an
issue
for
urban
farmers
is
that
the
high
cost
of
the
technology
makes
their
products
too
pricey
for
many
people
.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了新加坡建设空中农场解决国内食品短缺问题。
28.
What
does
the
second
paragraph
mainly
discuss?
A.
High
food
production
costs.
B.
Reasons
for
changes
in
agriculture.
C.
Agricultural
technology
businesses.
D.
Sale
expansion
of
food
markets.
【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知,
用于农业的耕地面积少、食品生产成本高、气候变化和人口增长导致了新加坡农业的变化,
所以,
本段主要介绍了农业变化的原因。故选B。
29.
What
is
the
way
to
achieve
food
security
according
to
Paul
Teng?
A.
Exploring
up
the
land.
B.
Buying
more
food.
C.
Enlarging
farmland.
D.
Investing
more
money.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Whenever
I
talk
about
food
security
in
Singapore,
I
tell
people
don’t
think
land—think
space,
because
you
can
go
upwards
and
sideways.
”可知,
当Paul
Teng谈论粮食安全的时候,
他告诉人们不要想土地,
要想空间,
因为你可以向上和横向移动,
所以,
Paul
Teng认为,
实现粮食安全的途径是通过空间探索土地,
故选A。
30.
What
do
we
know
about
the
old-timers?
A.
They
work
on
high-tech
farms.
B.
They
benefit
from
pricey
products.
C.
They
reduce
production
costs.
D.
They
need
government
support.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I’’m
always
asking
the
government
why
don’t
you
invest
in
us
old-timers.
”可知,
农户William
Ho问政府为什么不在传统农户身上投资呢?言外之意,
传统农户需要政府的支持。故选D。
31.
Where
is
this
text
probably
taken
from?
A.
A
guidebook.
　　　　　　　B.
A
brochure.
C.
A
newspaper.
D.
A
journal.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。通读全文可知,
本文主要介绍了新加坡建设空中农场解决国内食品短缺问题,
属于新闻范畴,
因此文章最有可能出自报纸。故选C。
D
(2020·张家界高一检测)
　　Organic
food
(有机食品)
is
very
popular.
It
is
also
expensive.
Some
organic
food
costs
twice
as
much
as
non-organic
food.
Some
parents
and
pet
owners
pay
up
to
200
percent
more
for
organic
food
while
some
people
think
organic
food
is
a
waste
of
money.
　　There
is
one
main
difference
between
organic
and
non-organic
food.
Organic
farms
do
not
use
agricultural
chemicals,
such
as
pesticides
(杀虫剂).
This
makes
sure
that
the
products
are
natural.
　　Some
people
think
“organic”
means
“locally
grown”.
At
the
beginning,
this
was
true.
Over
time
organic
farming
became
more
difficult.
The
demand
for
organic
food
grew
larger
than
the
supply.
Small
companies
had
to
sell
out
to
large
companies.
There
weren’t
enough
organic
materials.
This
made
it
difficult
for
many
organic
companies
to
stay
in
business.
Today,
many
large
companies
have
an
organic
line
of
products.
　　Is
organic
food
more
nutritious
(有营养的)?
This
is
part
of
the
debate.
Many
farmers
and
consumers
(消费者)
believe
it
is.
They
think
agricultural
chemicals
cause
health
problems,
such
as
cancer.
Many
health
experts
disagree.
Few
studies
prove
that
organic
food
prevents
health
problems.
Health
experts
worry
more
about
bacteria
(细菌).
These
can
come
into
contact
with
organic
and
non-organic
food.
Doctors
recommend
washing
produce
very
carefully.
　　Most
people
agree
that
naturally
grown
food
tastes
better.
Is
tastier
food
worth
the
extra
money?
This
is
a
matter
of
opinion.
Whether
it
is
healthier
or
not
may
require
more
research.
However,
organic
consumers
argue
it
is
better
to
be
safe
than
sorry.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了人们在有机食物的价格、有机食物是否更有营养等方面持有不同的观点。
32.
What
is
probably
the
major
concern
of
organic
food
consumers?
A.
Price.
B.
Safety.
C.
Freshness.
D.
Variety.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However,
organic
consumers
argue
it
is
better
to
be
safe
than
sorry.
”可知,
有机食品消费者们认为安全总比后悔好。故选B。
33.
What
is
the
doctors’
suggestion?
A.
Grow
your
own
food.
B.
Reduce
the
use
of
pesticides.
C.
Make
sure
the
food
is
clean.
D.
Buy
large
companies’
products.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Doctors
recommend
washing
produce
very
carefully.
”可知,
医生建议要非常细心地清洗农产品。故选项C“确保食物是干净的”,
符合题意。故选C。
34.
Which
of
the
following
do
most
people
agree
on
organic
food?
A.
It
tastes
better.
B.
It
is
easier
to
grow.
C.
It
contains
more
fat.
D.
It
is
more
nutritious.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Most
people
agree
that
naturally
grown
food
tastes
better.
”可知,
大多数人同意自然生长的食物(即有机食品)味道更好。故选A。
35.
Where
does
this
text
probably
come
from?
A.
A
health
magazine.
B.
A
medical
report.
C.
A
chemistry
paper.
D.
A
menu
of
a
restaurant.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。本文主要介绍了有机食物的相关信息,
并提到了人们对于其营养、价格等方面的不同意见,
属于饮食、健康方面的文章。故选A。
【技巧点拨】
细节理解题是阅读理解中常见的题型。考生在做这类题时一定要仔细审题,
弄懂题干,
题干当中往往有重要信息,
然后回文定位,
找到依据。比如第33题要求判断医生的建议是什么,
我们可以根据题干中的“doctors’
suggestion”定位到文章第四段中“Doctors
recommend
washing
produce
very
carefully.
”。由此可知,
医生建议要非常细心地清洗农产品。故Make
sure
the
food
is
clean(确保食物是干净的),
符合题意。
第二节(共5小题;
每小题2分,
满分10分)
　　根据短文内容,
从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,
选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　You
don’t
have
to
break
your
back
to
create
a
yard
that’s
both
beautiful
and
kind
to
Mother
Nature.
These
environmentally
smart
ideas
will
turn
your
home
turf(草地)into
a
little
slice
of
Eden.
　36　.
?
　　Let
the
grass
grow.
Cut
grass
less
often,
so
it
gets
a
few
inches
longer
than
you’re
used
to.
　37　
That’s
because
roots
will
grow
deeper
and
grass
thicker,
which
means
fewer
pests,
less
disease,
and
a
decreased
need
for
chemical
intervention.
?
　　Water
the
grass
in
the
right
way.
Water
before
10
a.
m.
,
when
the
air
is
cool
and
not
as
much
moisture
will
be
lost
to
evaporation.
　38　
Water
near
the
base
of
plants,
slowly
delivering
the
good
stuff
right
to
the
roots.
For
lawns,
water
long
and
deep
once
a
week.
?
　　Get
keen
on
composting(制堆肥).
Compost
isn’t
called
gardener’s
gold
for
nothing.
It
keeps
kitchen
leftover
out
of
landfills
and
enriches
soil
with
much-needed
nutrients.
　39　
Veggie
and
tea
bags,
eggshells,
dry
leaves,
and
untreated
grass
clippings
are
all
fair
game.
?
　　　40　
Honeybees
help
pollinate(授粉)
75
percent
of
our
flowering
plants
and
nearly
75
percent
of
our
food
crops.
There
is
increasing
evidence
that
many
of
the
vital
pollinators
are
in
decline.
Creating
a
garden
that
includes
plants
that
flower
at
different
times
of
the
year
will
benefit
pollinators
throughout
the
growing
season.
Whenever
possible,
choose
native
plants
with
a
variety
of
flower
colors
and
shapes.
?
A.
Many
will
save
your
money,
too.
B.
Dry
leaves
add
nutrients
to
the
soil.
C.
Give
bees
the
green-carpet
treatment.
D.
Make
the
backyard
as
beautiful
as
possible.
E.
Watering
in
late
afternoon
is
the
next
best
option.
F.
It
also
reduces
dependency
on
chemical
fertilizers.
G.
It
will
help
it
survive
dry
periods
of
time
in
warmer
months.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章为建造一个既美丽又对大自然友好的院子提供了环保聪明的想法,
这些想法还能省钱。
36.
【解析】选A。根据上句“These
environmentally
smart
ideas
will
turn
your
home
turf
into
a
little
slice
of
Eden.
”可知,
此处内容与这些想法带来的好处有关,
选项A“很多想法还会帮你省钱。”符合题意。故选A。
37.
【解析】选G。根据下句“That’s
because
roots
will
grow
deeper
and
grass
thicker,
which
means
fewer
pests,
less
disease,
and
a
decreased
need
for
chemical
intervention.
”可知,
此处内容与解释草长长了有好处有关,
选项G“它将帮助它在温暖月份的干燥时期存活下来。”符合题意。故选G。
38.
【解析】选E。根据上句“Water
before
10
a.
m.
,
when
the
air
is
cool
and
not
as
much
moisture
will
be
lost
to
evaporation.
”可知,
此处内容与浇水的时间有关,
选项E“下午晚些时候浇水是下一个最好的选择。”符合题意。故选E。
39.
【解析】选F。根据上句“It
keeps
kitchen
leftover
out
of
landfills
and
enriches
soil
with
much-needed
nutrients.
”可知,
此处内容与堆肥的好处有关,
选项F“它还减少了对化肥的依赖。”符合题意。故选F项。
40.
【解析】选C。根据下句“Honeybees
help
pollinate
75
percent
of
our
flowering
plants
and
nearly
75
percent
of
our
food
crops.
”可知,
此处内容与草地需要蜜蜂有关,
选项C“给蜜蜂铺上绿地毯。”符合题意。故选C。
第三部分　英语知识运用(共两节,
满分45分)
第一节　完形填空(共20小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分30分)
(2020·济南高一检测)
　　I
like
growing
kinds
of
plants.
Once,
I
　41　
two
seeds
(种子)
side
by
side
in
the
soil
in
my
backyard.
The
first
says,
“I
want
to
　42　!
I
want
to
send
my
roots
deep
into
the
soil,
and
　43　
to
come
up.
I
want
to
feel
the
　44　
of
the
sun
on
my
face!”
and
it
grew.
The
second
seed
says,
“I
am
　45　.
If
I
send
my
roots
into
the
　46　
below,
I
don’t
know
what
I
will
meet
in
the
dark.
If
I
　47　
my
way
through
the
hard
soil,
I
may
damage
my
small
sprouts
(芽).
What
if
a
small
child
may
　48　
me
up
from
the
ground?
No,
it
is
much
better
for
me
to
　49　
until
safe.
”
A
hen
walking
around
for
　50　
found
the
waiting
seed
and
　51　
ate
it.
?
　　I
sometimes
　52　
myself
—
what
if
I
stop
focusing
on
the
　53　
and
go
for
the
best?
Most
people
can
do
unusual
things
　54　
they
have
the
confidence
to
take
the
risk.
　55　,
most
people
don’t.
There
are
lots
of
people
sitting
on
the
　56　
saying:
I’m
going
.
.
.
They
will
do
it
when
they
are
rich
and
when
they
get
married.
?
　　The
　57　
is
that
your
life
can
never
be
perfect.
Step
away
from
the
sofa
sitters
who
are
waiting
for
a
single
perfect
day
to
begin
　58　
their
dreams.
?
　　Believe
in
yourself
and
know
you
can
do
　59　
!
However,
those
who
refuse
to
take
the
　60　
get
controlled
by
life
finally.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。叙述了作者种了两颗种子,
一颗种子甘于冒险破土生长,
而另一颗种子担忧未来在等待的过程中被母鸡吃掉。由此,
作者感悟到:
要相信自己,
那些拒绝冒险的人最终会被生活所控制。
41.
A.
planted
B.
bought
C.
found
D.
carried
【解析】选A。plant种植;
buy买;
find发现;
carry携带。根据前句“I
like
growing
kinds
of
plants.
”可知,
作者把两颗种子并排种在后院的土壤里。故选A。
42.
A.
improve
B.
hide
C.
grow
D.
leave
【解析】选C。根据下文的“and
it
grew.
”可知,
此处指第一颗种子说:
“我要成长”。
improve改进;
hide藏;
grow生长;
leave离开。故选C。
43.
A.
dare
B.
try
C.
agree
D.
refuse
【解析】选B。根据前文的“I
want
to
send
my
roots
deep
into
the
soil”可知,
想要把根深埋在土壤里,
试着去发芽,
try
to
do意为“尝试做……”。
dare敢;
try尝试;
agree同意;
refuse拒绝。故选B。
44.
A.
warmth
B.
kindness
C.
energy
D.
position
【解析】选A。根据上文内容可知,
第一颗种子想要生根发芽,
因此想要感受阳光照在脸上的温暖。warmth温暖;
kindness善良;
energy能量;
position位置。故选A。
45.
A.
disappointed
B.
interested
C.
excited
D.
scared
【解析】选D。根据下文的“If
I
send
my
roots
into
the
_______below,
I
don’t
know
what
I
will
meet
in
the
dark.
”可知,
第二颗种子担心自己不知道在黑暗中会遇到什么,
所以它很害怕。disappointed失望的;
interested感兴趣的;
excited兴奋的;
scared害怕的。故选D。?
46.
A.
farm
B.
ground
C.
rock
D.
sand
【解析】选B。根据“I
don’t
know
what
I
will
meet
in
the
dark.
”可知,
第二颗种子说如果把根扎入地下,
担心在黑暗中遇到什么。farm农场;
ground地面;
rock岩石;
sand沙子。故选B。
47.
A.
lose
B.
push
C.
find
D.
change
【解析】选B。根据空格所在的句子内容可知,
第二颗种子在土壤里生长是要推着(push)土向前行,
push
one’s
way是固定搭配,
意为“挤出去,
挤着前进”。
lose失败;
push推;
find发现;
change改变。故选B。
48.
A.
pull
B.
put
C.
make
D.
lift
【解析】选A。根据空格所在的句子内容可知,
what
if是固定句型,
意为“如果……将会怎样”,
再结合前文的If
I_______my
way
through
the
hard
soil可知,
第二颗种子担心它自己从土地里被小朋友拉出来怎么办。pull拉,
扯;
put放;
make制作;
lift举起。故选A。?
49.
A.
wait
B.
check
C.
move
D.
develop
【解析】选A。根据下文的A
hen
walking
around
for
_______found
the
waiting
seed
and
_______ate
it.
中的the
waiting
seed可知,
第二颗种子选择等待。wait等待;
check检查;
move移动;
develop发展。故选A。?
50.
A.
fun
B.
company
C.
food
D.
exercise
【解析】选C。根据下文的“ate
it.
”可知,
母鸡是出来找食物的。fun乐趣;
company公司;
food食物;
exercise练习。故选C。
51.
A.
long
ago
B.
later
on
C.
at
first
D.
right
away
【解析】选D。根据空格所在的句子内容可知,
一只母鸡四处寻找食物,
它发现了那颗正在等待的种子,
立刻把它吃掉了。long
ago很久以前;
later
on之后;
at
first首先;
right
away立刻。故选D。
52.
A.
remind
B.
call
C.
ask
D.
punish
【解析】选C。根据空后的“what
if
I
stop
focusing
on
the_______and
go
for
the
best?
”可知,
作者是在问自己。remind提醒;
call呼叫;
ask询问;
punish惩罚。故选C。?
53.
A.
worst
B.
best
C.
hardest
D.
safest
【解析】选A。根据空后的“go
for
the
best”可知,
不再关注最坏的情况,
而是去追求最好的结果会怎样。worst最糟糕的;
best最好的;
hardest最艰难的;
safest最安全的。故选A。
54.
A.
until
B.
if
C.
since
D.
though
【解析】选B。根据空格所在的句子内容可知,
大多数人都可以做不寻常的事情,
如果他们有信心承担风险。空处用if引导条件状语从句。until直到;
if如果;
since自从;
though尽管。故选B。
55.
A.
Again
B.
So
C.
However
D.
Besides
【解析】选C。根据空前后句“Most
people
can
do.
.
.
most
people
don’t”可知,
然而,
大多数人并没有。前后句语义上是转折关系。again又,
再;
so所以;
however然而;
besides另外。故选C。
56.
A.
sofa
B.
floor
C.
bed
D.
roof
【解析】选A。根据下段中的“Step
away
from
the
sofa
sitters”可知,
此处指很多人坐在沙发上说:
“我要去……”。sofa沙发;
floor地板;
bed床;
roof屋顶。故选A。
57.
A.
news
B.
question
C.
truth
D.
message
【解析】选C。根据内容可知,
事实上,
你的生活不可能是完美的。使用the
truth
is
that.
.
.
是固定句型,
意为“事实是……”符合语境。news新闻;
question问题;
truth真相;
message信息。故选C。
58.
A.
collecting
B.
realizing
C.
breaking
D.
sharing
【解析】选B。根据上文的“They
will
do
it
when
they
are
rich
and
when
they
get
married.
”以及空格所在的句子内容可知,
坐在沙发上坐等实现梦想的那天。realize
dreams意为“实现梦想”。collect收集;
realize意识到;
break打破;
share分享。故选B。
59.
A.
anything
B.
nothing
C.
neither
D.
both
【解析】选A。根据“Believe
in
yourself”可知,
相信自己,
你能做任何事。故选A。
60.
A.
advantage
B.
risk
C.
time
D.
order
【解析】选B。根据上文内容可知,
那些拒绝冒险的人最终会被生活所控制。advantage优点;
risk冒险;
time时间;
order顺序。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;
每小题1.
5分,
满分15分)
　　阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　The
giant
panda,
also
61.
(know)as
panda
bear
or
simply
panda,
is
a
bear
native
62.
south
central
China.
In
the
past
many
years,
the
giant
panda
63.
(drive)out
of
the
lowland
areas
where
it
once
lived
as
a
result
of
farming,
deforestation
and
other
64.
(develop).
Wild
population
estimates
vary:
one
estimate
shows
that
there
are
about
1,
590
individuals
65.
(1ive)in
the
wild,
while
a
2006
study
estimated
that
this
figure
could
be
as
high
as
2,
000
to
3,
000.
Some
reports
also
show
that
66.
number
of
giant
pandas
in
the
wild
is
on
the
rise.
　　The
West
first
learned
of
the
giant
panda
on
March
11,
1869,
67.
the
French
missionary(传教士)Armand
David
received
a
panda
skin
from
a
hunter.
In
1936,
Ruth
Harkness
became
the
first
Westerner
68.
(bring)a
live
giant
panda
named
Su
Lin
to
the
Brookfield
Zoo
in
Chicago.
To
protect
the
pandas,
in
2012,
Earthwatch
Institute,
a
global
nonprofit
that
teams
volunteers
with
scientists
to
conduct
important
69.
(science)research,
launched
a
program
called“On
the
Trail
of
Giant
Panda”.
This
program,
based
in
the
Wolong
National
Nature
Reserve,
allows
volunteers
to
work
up
close
with
pandas
cared
for
in
captivity
(圈养),
and
help
them
70.
(gradual)adapt
to
life
in
the
wild.
【文章大意】本文是说明文。介绍了中国南方的大熊猫是如何成为可供人类饲养的动物的。
61.
【解析】known。考查非谓语动词。本句is是谓语动词,
两个动词之间没有连词,
故此处是非谓语动词,
与熊猫是被动关系,
用过去分词。故填known。
62.
【解析】to。考查介词。native
to是固定短语,
本土的,
故填to。
63.
【解析】has
been
driven。考查动词时态。In
the
past
many
years提示用现在完成时,
the
giant
panda
和驱逐是被动关系。
64.
【解析】development。考查名词。other修饰名词,
develop的名词形式为development。
65.
【解析】living。考查非谓语动词。本句已经有谓语动词are,
动词之间没有连词,
live是非谓语动词,
individuals和live是主动关系。
66.
【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:
一些报道表明野外大熊猫数量在上涨。the
number
of表示“……的数量”。
67.
【解析】when。考查定语从句。句意:
西方人第一次了解大熊猫是在1869年3月11日,
当时法国传教士大卫收到一个猎人的熊猫皮。先行词是1869年,
在定语从句中作时间状语。
68.
【解析】to
bring。考查非谓语动词。句意:
1936年,
Ruth成为第一个给芝加哥动物园带回活的大熊猫的西方人。序数词后面用不定式作定语。
69.
【解析】scientific。考查形容词。形容词修饰名词,
science的形容词形式是scientific。
70.
【解析】gradually。考查副词。句意:
帮助大熊猫逐渐适应野外生活。副词修饰动词。
第四部分　写作(共两节,
满分35分)
第一节　短文改错(每小题1分,
满分10分)
　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,
请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,
每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),
并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:
在错的词下划一横线,
并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.
每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.
只允许修改10处,
多者(从第11处起)不计分。
　　In
my
spare
time,
I
often
read
some
books
written
by
famous
writers
in
or
abroad.
I
ever
read
China’s
Four
Great
Classical
novel
such
as
Journey
to
the
West.
Beside,
I
enjoy
reading
Tang
poetry.
I
have
been
writing
from
I
was
nine
years
old.
I
am
remember
the
first
time
my
parents
and
I
talked
about
my
dream
of
becoming
writer.
They
laughed
out
happy
when
they
read
the
short
story
I
write
about
robots.
They
think
that
my
story
is
well
worth
read
and
that
I
am
good
at
writing.
I
believe
I
will
achieve
their
dream.
答案:
1.
【解析】第一句or改为and。
考查连词。句意:
我经常读国内外著名作家写的一些书。in和abroad是并列关系,
所以or改成and。
2.
【解析】第二句novel改为novels。考查名词单复数。句意:
我曾经读过中国的四大名著。“中国四大名著”
是复数意义,
所以novel改成
novels。
3.
【解析】第三句Beside改为Besides。考查副词。句意:
此外,
我还喜欢读唐诗。beside意为“在……旁边”;
而besides表示“此外”。根据语境可知,
应把Beside改成Besides。
4.
【解析】第四句from改为since。考查状语从句。句意:
我从九岁起就一直写作。表示“自从……”,
连词since引导时间状语从句,
所以from改成since。
5.
【解析】第五句am去掉。考查语境及句子结构。句意:
我记得我和父母第一次谈论我成为作家的梦想。分析句子可知,
本句的主语是I,
谓语是remember,
二者是主谓关系,
am是多余的,
所以去掉。
6.
【解析】第五句writer前加a。
考查冠词。句意:
我记得我和父母第一次谈论我成为作家的梦想。句中泛指“一名作家”,
表示数量“一”,
且writer的首字母发音是辅音音素,
所以writer前加a。
7.
【解析】第六句happy改为happily。考查副词。句意:
当他们读到我写的关于机器人的短篇小说时,
他们笑得很开心。修饰动词laughed一般用副词,
故将happy改成happily。
8.
【解析】第六句write改为wrote。考查时态。本文描述过去发生的事,
用一般过去时,
故将write改成wrote。
9.
【解析】第七句read改为reading。考查固定用法。句意:
他们认为我的故事很值得一读。be
well
worth
doing.
.
.
意为“很值得做……”,
所以将read改成reading。
10.
【解析】第八句their改为my。考查代词。句意:
我相信我会实现我的梦想。根据语境可知,
此处是指我实现我的梦想,
表示“我的”要用“my”,
所以将their改成my。
第二节　书面表达(满分25分)
　　某英语刊物开设的专栏Great
Scientists向中学生们征文。请你根据以下要点写一篇介绍我国著名小麦栽培学家、教育家、中国工程院院士——余松烈的短文来投稿,
内容如下:
1.
1921年3月13日他出生于浙江省;
1942年大学毕业之后在多所学校任教;
除了数学,
他在农业方面进行了大量的研究,
提出了许多先进理论;
2.
坚持理论与实践相结合,
为提高小麦产量和国家农业发展做出了重大贡献;
3.
2016年4月因病逝世。
注意:
1.
词数100个左右;
2.
可适当增加细节,
以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】
　　Yu
Songlie,
who
was
a
great
scientist
in
agriculture,
was
born
in
Zhejiang
Province
on
March
13,
1921.
After
graduating
from
university
in
1942,
he
began
to
teach
in
universities.
Apart
from
teaching,
he
did
a
lot
of
research
on
agriculture
and
put
forward
lots
of
advanced
theories.
As
a
scientist,
he
insisted
on
combining
theory
with
practice.
He
made
a
great
contribution
to
the
increase
of
the
wheat
output
and
the
development
of
our
country’s
agriculture.
Unfortunately,
he
died
of
a
disease
in
April,
2016.
　　Yu
Songlie
devoted
all
his
time
to
the
research
work.
He
didn’t
care
about
being
famous
or
money.
He
has
set
a
good
example
to
others.
【补充训练】
单句语法填空。
1.
It’s
disturbing
(disturb)
that
I
can’t
get
along
well
with
my
new
neighbor.
2.
His
recent
discoveries
(discovery)
have
added
to
his
reputation
in
the
field
of
science.
3.
Now
the
young
man
regrets
wasting
(waste)
so
much
time
when
he
was
at
school.
4.
A
deep
breath
and
a
balanced
mind
will
help
rid
you
of
the
anxiety
and
nervousness.
5.
To
be
mentally
healthy,
you
need
to
build
up
good
relationships
with
each
other.
6.
Do
you
agree
that
I
will
put
our
visit
to
Yunnan
off?
If
so,
write
back
to
tell
me
about
it
as
soon
as
possible.
7.
We
asked
all
our
customers
if
they
were
satisfied
with
the
service
they
had
received.
8.
Thanks
to
these
new
treatments,
people
with
high
blood
pressure
can
live
a
long
and
active
life.
9.
As
we
all
know,
too
much
work
and
too
little
rest
often
lead
to
illness.
10.
Confused
(confuse)
by
the
question,
the
boy
turned
to
his
teacher
for
further
explanation.
PAGE单元素养提升(二)
Unit
2
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
This
meeting
focused
the
world’s
attention
on
the
poverty
of
some
African
countries.
2.
They
struggled
to
spend(spend)
all
their
time
with
me,
but
“time
is
money”.
?
3.
How
I
regret
wasting
(waste)
so
much
time
in
the
net
bar!
I
should
have
studied
harder.
4.
She
is
disturbed
(disturb)
to
hear
you
have
been
injured
in
the
accident.
?
5.
Without
electricity,
we
couldn’t
lead
a
comfortable
life.
6.
The
boy,
tired,
hungry
(hunger)and
thirsty,
fell
down
on
the
beach.
7.
Modernization
is
the
key
to
speeding
up
our
agricultural
(agriculture)
development.
8.
Small
boys
were
skimming
(skim)
stones
across
the
water.
9.
Without
the
help
of
the
modern
equipment
(equip),
these
experiments
would
not
be
performed
smoothly.
10.
Much
to
the
regret
of
his
students,
he
gave
up
teaching
in
2020.
Ⅱ.
选词填空
lead
to;
rather
than;
build
up;
rid.
.
.
of.
.
.
;
thanks
to;
care
about;
be
satisfied
with;
care
for;
keep.
.
.
free
from;
wash.
.
.
off
1.
You
should
keep
the
children
free
from
drugs.
?
2.
Thanks
to
the
support
from
the
local
government,
they
could
rebuild
their
houses
soon
after
the
earthquake.
?
3.
It
took
me
ten
years
to
build
up
my
business,
and
it
almost
killed
me.
?
4.
To
my
astonishment,
he
didn’t
seem
to
care
about
my
feelings.
?
5.
When
I’m
going
out
in
the
evening
I
use
the
bike
if
I
can
rather
than
the
car.
?
6.
As
is
known
to
us,
it
is
our
activity
that
leads
to
air
pollution.
?
7.
He
wanted
to
rid
himself
of
the
burden
of
the
secret.
8.
All
of
us
were
satisfied
with
the
perfect
service
of
the
restaurant
after
we
had
dinner
there.
?
9.
He
works
hard,
but
he
doesn’t
care
for
his
health.
?
10.
Please
wash
that
mud
off
your
boots
before
you
come
into
the
house.
Ⅲ.
完成句子
1.
We
went
by
sea,
but
I’
d
rather
have
gone
by
air.
?
我们是乘船去的,
可我本想乘飞机去。
2.
If
so,
you
are
the
most
important
in
your
family.
?
如果是这样,
你就是家里最重要的。
3.
It
has
rained
for
over
ten
days,
causing
the
river
to
rise.
?
下了十多天雨,
导致河水上涨。
4.
Such
a
plan
makes
it
possible
for
older
workers
to
be
retrained
as
useful
staff.
?
这样的计划使老工人有可能被重新培训成有用的员工。
5.
The
first
people
to
drink
tea
were
the
Chinese
because
the
bush
grew
wild
all
over
the
south
of
their
country.
?
最早喝茶的人是中国人,
因为灌木丛在他们国家的南部到处生长。
Ⅳ.
完形填空
When
I
was
a
teenager,
whatever
my
mother
asked
me
to
do
was
immediately
followed
by
my
complaining,
“I
can’t.
”
　1　,
very
few
tasks
that
I
set
out
to
finish
were
　2　
completed.
?
One
evening,
my
mother
　3　
me
into
the
study
where
she
was
reading
an
article
in
the
TV
Guide.
On
the
cover
was
a(n)
　4　
of
Marlo
Thomas,
a
famous
actress
now
starring
in
one
of
my
favorite
shows.
?
“I
want
you
to
read
this
article,
”
Mother
began.
“It’s
about
Marlo
Thomas.
She
　5　
how
a
simple
poem
that
she
was
forced
to
learn
by
her
father
　6　
her
life.
She
went
from
saying‘I
can’t.
’
to
‘I
　7　
!’
According
to
this
article,
she
was
able
to
rebuild
her
life,
and
finally
her
career,
by
learning
the
principles
in
the
poem.
”?
I
took
the
small
magazine
from
my
mother
and
looked
down
at
the
pages.
Beside
her
photo
was
the
poem
my
mother
had
　8　;
a
simple
poem
entitled,
“I
Can”.
?
“I
want
you
to
learn
that
　9　
by
heart,
”
Mother
said.
?
“Mum,
”
I
said.
“I
can’t
learn
that
poem.
It’s
too
　10　.
”?
“It’s
not
too
long
and
yes,
you
can
learn
it.
I
want
you
to
know
it
　11　
by
this
time
tomorrow.
”?
I
turned
and
made
my
way
back
to
my
bedroom
with
the
magazine
loosely
　12　
in
my
small
right
hand.
With
a
heavy
heart,
I
sat
on
my
bed
and
began
my
　13　.
?
“Can’t
is
a
word
that
is
enemy
to
ambition(雄心),
”
I
began.
I
　14　
the
line
until
it
held
　15　
in
my
heart.
I
　16　
the
process
until
the
following
evening,
when
I
　17　
said
the
poem
aloud
from
my
memory
that
has
continued
to
be
my
motto.
?
Ms
Thomas
did
not
know
me,
but
her
story
　18　
changed
my
life.
?
Saying
“I
can.
”
helped
me
to
survive
the
worst
moments
of
my
life.
Saying
“I
can.
”
　19　
me
to
finish
things
I
would
have
otherwise
seen
as
out
of
my
　20　.
?
【文章大意】一首诗改变了作者的生活,
她从原来遇事就说“我不能”逐渐变为说“我能”。
1.
A.
Before
long　　　　
　　B.
In
addition
C.
As
a
result
D.
Aside
from
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。我十几岁时,
不管妈妈让我做什么事情,
我都马上抱怨“我不能”。结果,
几乎没有什么任务是完成了的。before
long不久之后;
in
addition另外,
而且;
as
a
result结果;
aside
from除……以外。
2.
A.
ever　　　B.
never　　　C.
even　
　D.
still
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。结果,
几乎没有什么任务是完成了的。ever曾经;
never从不;
even
甚至;
still仍然。
3.
A.
took
B.
pulled
C.
locked
D.
called
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。一天晚上,
妈妈叫我到书房去,
她正在那里读《电视指南》上的一篇文章。take拿走;
pull拉;
lock锁上;
call叫。
4.
A.
example
B.
photo
C.
passage
D.
introduction
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。根据下文Beside
her
photo.
.
.
可知封皮上是Marlo
Thomas的一张照片。example榜样,
例子;
photo照片;
passage文章;
introduction介绍。
5.
A.
hopes
B.
tells
C.
reports
D.
admits
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。她讲述了父亲逼她学的一首小诗如何改变了她的生活的故事。hope希望;
tell讲,
告诉;
report报道;
admit承认。
6.
A.
changed
B.
helped
C.
improved
D.
saved
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。她讲述了父亲逼她学的一首小诗如何改变了她的生活的故事。change改变,
变成;
help帮助;
improve改善,
改进;
save拯救。
7.
A.
will
B.
must
C.
can
D.
may
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。她从说“我不能”到“我能!”。
8.
A.
found
out
B.
left
for
C.
made
up
D.
spoken
of
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。在她的照片旁边是妈妈提到的那首小诗。find
out查明;
leave
for出发去……;
make
up组成;
speak
of谈到,
提到。
9.
A.
article
B.
story
C.
poem
D.
actress
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。我想让你背诵那首诗。article文章;
story故事;
poem诗;
actress女演员。
10.
A.
difficult
B.
long
C.
boring
D.
meaningless
【解析】选B。词汇复现题。根据下文It’s
not
too
long可知这里表示“我学不会那首诗,
它太长了”。difficult难的;
long长的;
boring枯燥的;
meaningless毫无意义的。
11.
A.
perfectly
B.
quickly
C.
constantly
D.
slowly
【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。这首诗不长,
你能够学会。我想让你到明天的这个时候完全地理解这首诗。perfectly完美地,
完全地;
quickly很快地;
constantly连续地;
slowly慢地。
12.
A.
caught
B.
placed
C.
touched
D.
held
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。我右手松垮地拿着这本杂志,
转身向我的卧室走去。catch抓住;
place放置;
touch触摸;
hold抓着,
拿着。
13.
A.
homework
B.
task
C.
activity
D.
plan
【解析】选B。词语辨析题。我坐在床上开始了自己的任务。homework作业;
task任务;
activity活动;
plan计划。
14.
A.
repeated
B.
remarked
C.
liked
D.
analyzed
【解析】选A。背景常识题。我重复着这一行直到我在心里牢牢地记住它。repeat重复;
remark评论;
like喜欢;
analyze分析。
15.
A.
hard
B.
fast
C.
firm
D.
close
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。我重复着这一行直到我在心里牢牢地记住它。hard艰难地;
fast快地;
firm牢牢地,
牢固地;
close近的。
16.
A.
finished
B.
continued
C.
studied
D.
stopped
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。我继续着这个过程,
直到第二天晚上。finish完成;
continue继续;
study学习;
stop停止。
17.
A.
proudly
B.
softly
C.
slowly
D.
luckily
【解析】选A。词语辨析题。我骄傲地大声背出这首诗,
而它也成为了我的座右铭。proudly骄傲地;
softly温柔地;
slowly慢地;
luckily幸运地。
18.
A.
mainly
B.
partly
C.
forever
D.
only
【解析】选C。词语辨析题。Ms
Thomas不认识我,
但是她的故事却永远地改变了我的生活。mainly主要地;
partly部分地;
forever永远;
only只有。
19.
A.
allowed
B.
caused
C.
forced
D.
encouraged
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。说“我能。”这句话鼓励我完成那些以前我认为做不到的事情。allow允许;
cause引起,
导致;
force逼迫;
encourage鼓励。
20.
A.
mind
B.
business
C.
life
D.
reach
【解析】选D。词语辨析题。说“我能。”这句话鼓励我完成那些以前我认为做不到的事情。out
of
reach够不着,
在能力范围之外。
Ⅴ.
语法填空
　　阅读下面材料,
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·潍坊高一检测)
　　The
harvest
festival
can
be
found
in
almost
every
culture.
This
important
1.
___________
(agriculture)
festival
takes
place
after
all
the
crops
2.
___________
(gather)
in.
People
celebrate
to
show
that
they
are
grateful
3.
___________
the
year’s
supply
of
food.
Today
in
European
countries,
people
decorate
churches
and
town
halls
with
flowers
and
fruit,
and
get
together
4.
___________(celebrate)
over
a
meal.
During
the
Mid-autumn
Festival
in
China,
families
usually
gather
to
admire
the
shining
moon
and
enjoy
delicious
mooncakes.
?
　　With
the
development
of
modern
society
and
the
spread
of
new
ideas,
some
traditions
may
die
out
and
others
may
be
established.
In
order
to
avoid
air
5.
___________(pollute),
many
big
cities
have
given
up
6.
___________
custom
of
lighting
firecrackers
to
drive
away
the
evil
spirits
during
the
typical
Chinese
Spring
festival.
?
　　Festivals
are
becoming
more
and
more
commercial,
with
business
7.
___________(take)advantage
of
the
celebrations.
Online
shopping
websites
and
social
media
apps
have
made
it
much
8.
___________(easy)
for
the
public
to
spend
more
on
gifts
for
their
loved
ones.
9.
___________
some
believe
festivals
should
not
be
commercialized,
others
believe
the
increase
in
spending
10.
___________(be)
good
for
the
economy
and
public
happiness.
?
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。每种文化都有传统的节日,
但是随着社会的发展,
许多传统节日、习俗被取代、被取消,
并且节日也变得越来越商业化。
1.
【解析】agricultural。考查形容词。分析句子可知,
此处应用形容词修饰名词festival,
故填agricultural。
2.
【解析】have
been
gathered/are
gathered。考查时态和语态。句意:
这个重要的农业节日发生在庄稼(已经)被收割后。分析句子可知,
空格是时间状语从句的谓语动词,
结合语境判断应为一般现在时或者现在完成时,
主语crops和gather之间是被动关系,
故用一般现在时的被动语态或者现在完成时的被动语态,
主语是复数,
故填have
been
gathered/
are
gathered。
3.
【解析】for。考查介词。此处考查固定短语,
be
grateful
for“对……感激”。
4.
【解析】to
celebrate。考查非谓语动词。句意:
现在,
在欧洲的国家,
人们用花和水果来装饰教堂和市政厅,
然后聚在一起通过吃饭来庆祝。根据句意和句子结构可知,
此处应用不定式表目的。
5.
【解析】pollution。考查名词。分析句子可知,
此处应用名词作为avoid的宾语,
air
pollution“空气污染”,
故填pollution。
6.
【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:
为了避开空气污染,
很多大城市已经放弃了这种在中国的典型节日——春节,
燃放烟花爆竹来赶走恶灵的习俗。根据句意可知,
此处特指“燃放烟花爆竹来赶走恶灵的习俗”,
应用定冠词表示特指。
7.
【解析】taking。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,
此处应用非谓语动词作宾语补足语,
逻辑主语business和动词短语take
advantage
of之间是主动关系,
应用现在分词。
8.
【解析】easier。考查形容词比较级。分析句子可知,
此处应用形容词作宾语补足语,
由much和下文的more判断用比较级。
9.
【解析】While/Though/Although。考查连词。句意:
尽管一些人认为节日不应该商业化,
但其他人认为在开支方面的增长对经济和公众幸福感都有好处。根据句意和句子结构可知,
此处用连词while/though/although“尽管”符合语境,
故填While/Though/Although。
10.
【解析】is。考查主谓一致。分析句子可知,
此处是宾语从句的谓语动词,
主语the
increase
in
spending是单数,
由believe判断为一般现在时,
故填is。
Ⅵ.
微写作
　　假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛(speech
contest),
希望附近某大学的外籍教师史密斯女士(Ms
Smith)来做评委。请参照以下通知给她写一封信。
英语演讲比赛主题:
人与自然时间:
6月15日下午2:
00～5:
00地点:
501教室参赛选手:
10名学生联系人:
李华(电话44876655)欢迎大家光临
词数:
80个左右。
核心要点提示
①I
am
writing
to
invite
you.
.
.
②It
will
start
at.
.
.
③Ten
students
will
deliver.
.
.
④We
hope
that
you
will.
.
.
Dear
Ms
Smith,
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Sincerely
yours,
Li
Hua
【参考范文】
Dear
Ms
Smith,
I’m
Li
Hua,
Chair
of
the
Students’
Union
of
Yucai
High
School,
which
is
close
to
your
university.
I’m
writing
to
invite
you
to
be
a
judge
at
our
English
speech
contest
to
be
held
in
Room
501
in
our
school
on
June
15.
It
will
start
at
2:
00
p.
m.
and
last
for
about
three
hours,
that
is
to
say,
it
will
end
at
5:
00
p.
m.
Ten
students
will
deliver
their
speeches
on
the
given
topic
“Man
and
Nature”.
We
hope
that
you
will
accept
our
invitation
if
it
is
convenient
for
you.
Please
call
me
at
44876655
if
you
have
any
questions.
I
am
looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Best
wishes.
Sincerely
yours,
Li
Hua
PAGEUnit
2　Working
the
land　
单元脉图·素养导引
聆听经典·话题热身
西城男孩,
Westlife是在1998年成立的爱尔兰男子歌唱团体。Westlife出道后在爱尔兰和英国走红,
在非洲与亚太地区也很受欢迎。
注:
听音填空
Colour
My
World
Everybody
needs
affection
Looking
for
a
deep
connection
So
put
a
little
bit
of
love
in
my
life
today
Everybody
needs
some
shelter
Let’s
spend
a
little
time
together
Come
into
my
arms
Let
them
tell
you
①what
I
want
to
say
Colour
my
world
Draw
on
my
heart
Take
a
picture
of
what
you
think
love
Looks
like
in
your
imagination
Write
on
②my
soul?
Everything
you
know
Use
every
word
you’ve
ever
heard
To
colour
my
world
I’ve
had
enough
of
not
believing
Living
life
without
a
meaning
I
want
something
real
And
I
feel
it
when
I’m
③next
to
you
?
Let’s
put
out
some
love
and
devotion
Window
to
my
heart’s
emotion
Until
the
very
end
It’s
the
place
I’m
gonna
keep
you
in
Baby
please
just
Colour
my
world
Draw
on
my
heart
Take
a
picture
of
what
you
think
love
Looks
like
in
your
imagination
Write
on
my
soul
Everything
you
know
Use
every
word
④you’ve
ever
heard?
To
colour
my
world
Let’s
make
a
world
for
you
and
me
yeah
That
we’re
never
gonna
leave
失去爆破
当一个爆破音后面紧跟着另一个爆破音时,
前面的爆破音不发生爆破。方法是:
对于前一个爆破音,
只作发音的姿势,
刚要发出时,
立即发出第二个爆破音,
这种现象叫失去爆破。
爆破音
+
爆破音→失去爆破
(爆破音6个:
/p,
b,
t,
d,
k,
ɡ/)例如:
wan(t)
to
;
an(d)
devotion
注意:
连读现象只出现在意群内部,
意群与意群之间的两个相邻单词即使符合上面所讲的两个条件,
也不连读。
【即时训练】
听下面材料,
回答问题,
并关注对话中失去爆破的现象。
1.
What
is
the
man
going
to
do?
A.
He
is
going
to
make
friends
with
the
woman.
B.
He
is
going
to
take
an
English
course.
C.
He
is
going
to
buy
something.
2.
What
can
we
know
about
the
conversation?
A.
The
man
can
speak
English
very
well.
B.
The
man
is
happy
to
make
friends
with
the
woman.
C.
The
man
finds
English
is
difficult
to
learn.
答案:
1、2.
BC
【听力原文】
M:
Excuse
me?
W:
Yes,
can
I
help
you?
M:
Yeah.
uh.
.
.
I
want
to
take
an
English
course,
and
I
need
some
information.
W:
OK.
M:
I
think
English
is
too
difficult
to
learn.
W:
Don’t
be
upset.
English
is
widely
used
in
the
world,
and
it
is
an
international
language.
More
than
375
million
people
learn
English
as
their
mother
language,
and
more
than
750
million
people
learn
English
as
a
foreign
language.
M:
I’m
getting
discouraged
now.
W:
A
friend
of
mine
will
be
arriving
from
America
in
two
weeks
and
it
would
be
nice
to
talk
with
him
about
English.
M:
That
would
be
great.
I’m
looking
forward
to
it.
Thank
you
very
much.
译文:
勾画我的多彩世界
每个人都需要柔情
来寻找内心的交流
因此在我现在的生活中注入一点爱
每个人都需要庇护
让我们一起用一点时间(来寻找)
投入我的怀抱
让他们告诉你我想说什么
勾画我的多彩世界
映在我心中
照一张你认为是爱的照片
就像你想象中的那样
在我的心中写下
你所知道的一切
用你所听见的每一个语句
来勾画我的多彩世界
我已经受够了不信任
生活已经变得毫无意义
我想要真实的(生活)
当我跟你在一起时我就能感受到它的存在
让我们发誓来(奉献)彼此的爱
我心中的爱会坚持
直到最后
那就是我让你心动的地方
所以请你
勾画我的多彩世界
映在我心中
照一张你认为是爱的照片
就像你想象中的那样
在我的心中写下
你所知道的一切
用你所听见的每一个语句
来勾画我的多彩世界
让我们构建一个你我的世界
一个我们永远不会离开的(世界)
PAGE