奉贤中学2020学年第一学期高二英语学科第二次阶段测验试卷
（考试时间：120分钟
满分150分）
I.
Listening
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions:
In
Section
A,
you
will
hear
ten
short
conversations
between
two
speakers.
At
the
end
of
each
conversation,
a
question
will
be
asked
about
what
was
said.
The
conversation
and
the
question
will
be
spoken
only
once.
After
you
hear
a
conversation
and
the
question
about
it,
read
the
four
possible
answers
on
your
paper,
and
decide
which
one
is
the
best
answer
to
the
question
you
have
heard.
1.
A.
Doctor
and
patient.
B.
Waitress
and
customer.
C.
Wife
and
husband.
D.
Secretary
and
boss.
2.
A.
His
signature.
B.
His
room
number.
C.
His
receipt.
D.
His
check.
3.
A.
Move
her
bag
at
the
desk.
B.
Tell
a
story
with
humor.
C.
Undergo
an
operation.
D.
Have
a
quarrel
with
the
man.
4.
A.
Mr.
James
is
the
new
advisor.
B.
The
advisor
is
a
woman.
C.
Every
undergraduate
has
an
advisor.
D.
The
advisor
is
not
there.
5.
A.
She
had
difficulty
getting
tickets.
B.
She’s
already
been
to
the
exhibition.
C.
She
wanted
to
get
tickets
for
everybody.
D.
She’ll
try
to
get
tickets
after
work.
6.
A.
The
meeting
was
announced
today.
B.
She’ll
make
the
call
later.
C.
There
won’t
be
a
meeting
tomorrow.
D.
She
has
confirmed
everything.
7.
A.
He
eats
too
much
when
playing
chess.
B.
He
won’t
join
the
chess
club.
C.
Chess
is
his
favorite
game.
D.
He
doesn’t
enjoy
chess
as
much
as
he
used
to.
8.
A.
The
number
of
the
train.
B.
When
the
next
train
will
depart.
C.
Where
to
find
some
equipment.
D.
Where
to
board
the
train.
9.
A.
She
wouldn’t
use
her
ticket.
B.
She
didn’t
want
her
ticket.
C.
She
had
forgotten
about
her
ticket.
D.
She
didn’t
want
to
go
to
the
game.
10.
A.
The
restaurant
wasn’t
very
crowded.
B.
The
meal
was
very
expensive.
C.
The
magazine
wasn’t
very
interesting.
D.
The
food
wasn’t
very
good.
Section
B
Directions:
In
Section
B,
you
will
hear
two
short
passages
and
one
longer
conversation.
After
each
passage
or
conversation,
you
will
be
asked
several
questions.
The
passage
and
the
conversations
will
be
read
twice,
but
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
When
you
hear
a
question,
read
the
four
possible
answers
on
your
paper
and
decide
which
one
would
be
the
best
answer
to
the
question
you
have
heard.
Questions
11
through
13
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
11.
A.
It
varies
from
person
to
person.
B.
It
is
decided
by
the
most
healthy
lifestyle.
C.
It
needs
some
tests
and
comparison
to
the
standard.
D.
It
is
based
more
on
individual
needs
than
personal
goals.
12.
A.
Strength.
B.
Endurance.
C.
Flexibility.
D.
Health.
13.
A.
The
variety
of
fitness
in
the
future.
B.
The
importance
of
three
basic
factors
concerning
fitness.
C.
The
new
concept
of
fitness
and
its
essential
factors.
D.
Training
effects
of
some
sports
on
people.
Questions
14
through
16
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
14.
A.
Recognizing
one’s
abilities.
B.
Analyzing
one’s
strengths
and
weaknesses.
C.
Matching
one’s
abilities
to
job
vacancies.
D.
Presenting
one’s
abilities
to
future
employers.
15.
A.
Finding
out
what
they
can
do
about
the
employer.
B.
Avoiding
asking
unsure
questions.
C.
Arriving
as
early
as
they
can.
D.
Answering
questions
in
a
polite
way.
16.
A.
Graduates
from
famous
universities.
B.
Determined,
skilled
and
able
people.
C.
Capable
and
modest
people.
D.
People
with
much
work
experience.
Questions
17
through
20
are
based
on
the
following
conversation.
17.
A.
Sharing
pictures
online
with
his
followers.
B.
Picking
out
the
pictures
to
be
shared
online.
C.
Having
pictures
taken
by
his
followers
online.
D.
Helping
others
to
take
some
pictures
online.
18
A.
His
friends
and
relatives.
B.
His
friends
and
followers.
C.
His
social
media
friends
and
followers.
D.
All
people
online.
19.
A.
Opposed.
B.
Favorable.
C.
Indifferent.
D.
Doubtful.
20.
A.
There
are
a
lot
of
virus
and
various
crimes
online.
B.
It’s
full
of
too
many
false
and
unqualified
products.
C.
It’s
changeable
and
hard
to
be
controlled
by
people.
D.
There
are
all
kinds
of
cheats
online
actually.
II.
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
Section
A
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,?use
one
word
or
two
words
that
best
fit
each
blank.
Back
in
2013,
the
legendary
Japanese
animator
and
director
Hayao
Miyazaki
formally
announced
he
would
retire
and
make
no
more
feature-length
films
______1______(follow)
the
completion
of
The
Wind
Rises.
Well,
it
turns
out
that
you
can’t
keep
an
Oscar-winning
artist
away
from
all
_______2_______
he
loves.
Miyazaki
has
revealed
in
a
documentary
_______3_______
(air)
on
Japanese
TV
that
he
is
now
coming
out
of
retirement
to
make
a
new
animated
feature.
____4____
the
documentary,
Miyazaki
said
that
he
was
dissatisfied
with
the
12-minute
CGI-animated
film
Boro
the
Caterpillar
（《毛毛虫菠萝》）he
was
currently
working
on
and
would
like
to
expand
it
into
a
feature-length
film
instead.
The
film
could
take
up
to
four
years
to
make,
which
means
Miyazaki
would
be
around
80
years
old
by
the
time
it_______5_______(complete).
If
he
sticks
to
his
ideal
timetable,
it
would
be
finished
before
the
Tokyo
Olympic
Games.
Little
is
known
about
Boro
the
Caterpillar,
other
than
______6______
Miyazaki
describes
the
film
as
“a
story
of
a
tiny,
hairy
caterpillar,
so
tiny
that
it
_______7_______
be
easily
squished（压坏）between
your
fingers.”
And
he
has
been
working
on
the
story
for
about
two
decades.
The
12-minute
Boro
the
Caterpillar
will
not
be
completed
for
about
another
year
and
_______8_______
(screen)
exclusively
at
the
Ghibli
Museum,
a
museum
showcasing
the
work
of
Studio
Ghibli
co-founded
by
Miyazaki.
______9______he
hasn’t
received
a
green
light
for
the
new
film,
Miyazaki
is
seen
starting
work
on
animation
for
the
project.
He
plans
to
create
storyboards（剧情梗概系列图）for
about
100
cuts
of
footage.
“I
think
it’s
still
better
________10________
(die)
when
you
are
doing
something
than
dying
when
you
are
doing
nothing,”
he
said.
This
is
Miyazaki—if
he
wants
to
make
a
film,
it’s
going
to
get
done
undoubtedly.
There’s
no
way
anyone
would
turn
down
another
amazing
piece
of
art
from
the
legendary
animator.
Section
B
Directions:
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
word
chosen
from
the
box.
Each
word
can
be
used
only
once.
Note
that
there
is
one
word
more
than
you
need.
The
Internet
E-commerce
and
globalization
are
making
a
new
economic
age
possible.
In
the
future,
capitalist
markets
will
largely
be
replaced
by
a
new
kind
of
economic
system
based
on
___11___
relationships,
contractual
arrangements
and
access
rights.
Has
the
quality
of
our
lives
at
work,
at
home
and
in
our
communities
increased
in
direct
proportion
to
all
the
new
Internet
and
business-to-business
Internet
services
being
introduced
into
our
lives?
I
have
asked
this
question
of
hundreds
of
CEOs
and
corporate
executives
in
Europe
and
the
United
States.
Surprisingly,
virtually
everyone
has
said,
“No,
quiet
___12___.”
They
say
they
are
working
longer
hours,
feel
more
stressed,
are
more
impatient,
and
are
even
less
civil
in
their
dealings
with
colleagues
and
friends-not
to
mention
strangers.
And
what’s
more
revealing,
they
place
much
of
the
blame
on
the
very
same
technologies
they
are
so
___13___
supporting.
The
technological
leader
promised
us
that
access
would
make
life
more
convenient.
Instead,
the
very
technological
wonders
that
were
supposed
to
___14___
us
have
begun
to
enslave
us
in
a
web
of
connections
from
which
there
seems
to
be
no
easy
___15___.
If
an
earlier
generation
was
preoccupied
with
the
quest
to
enclose
a
vast
___16___
land,
generation,
it
seems,
is
more
caught
up
in
the
colonization
of
time.
Every
spare
moment
of
our
time
is
being
filled
with
some
form
of
commercial
connection,
making
time
itself
the
___17___
of
all
resources.
And
while
we
have
created
every
kind
of
labor-and
time-saving
device
to
service
our
needs,
we
are
beginning
to
feel
like
we
have
less
time
available
to
us
than
any
other
humans
in
history.
Maybe
we
need
to
ask
what
kinds
of
connections
really
___18___
in
the
e-economy
age.
If
this
new
technology
___19___
is
only
about
super
efficiency,
then
we
risk
losing
something
even
precious
than
time-our
sense
of
what
it
means
to
be
a(n)
___20___
human
being.
III.
Reading
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
The
expression,
"everybody's
doing
it,"
is
very
much
at
the
center
of
the
concept
of
peer
pressure.
It
is
a
social
influence
applied
on
an
individual
in
order
to
get
that
person
to
act
or
believe
in
a(n)
___21___
way
as
a
larger
group.
This
influence
can
be
negative
or
positive,
and
can
exist
in
both
large
and
small
groups.
People
are
social
creatures
by
nature,
and
so
it
is
hardly
___22___that
some
part
of
their
self-respect
comes
from
the
approval
of
others.
This
instinct
explains
why
the
approval
of
peers,
and
the
fear
of
___23___,
is
such
a
powerful
force
in
many
people's
lives.
This
instinct
drives
people
to
dress
one
way
at
home
and
another
way
at
work,
or
to
answer
a
simple
“fine"
when
a
stranger
asks
"how
are
you?"
even
if
it
is
not
necessarily
true.
There
is
a(n)
___24___aspect
to
this:
it
helps
society
to
function
efficiently,
and
encourages
a
general
level
of
self-discipline
that
___25___day-to-day
interaction
between
people.
For
certain
individuals,
seeking
social
acceptance
is
so
important
that
it
becomes
a(n)
___26___:
in
order
to
satisfy
the
desire,
they
may
go
so
far
as
to
___27___their
sense
of
right
and
wrong.
Teens
and
young
adults
may
feel
forced
to
use
drugs,
or
join
gangs
that
___28___criminal
behavior.
Mature
adults
may
sometimes
feel
___29___
to
cover
up
illegal
activity
at
the
company
where
they
work,
or
end
up
in
debt
because
they
are
unable
to
hold
back
the
desire
to
buy
a
house
or
car
that
they
can't
afford
in
an
effort
to
___30___
the
peers.
However,
peer
pressure
is
not
always
negative.
A
student
whose
friends
are
good
at
___31___may
be
urged
to
work
harder
and
get
good
grades.
Players
on
a
sports
team
may
feel
driven
to
play
harder
in
order
to
help
the
team
win.
This
type
of
___32___can
also
get
a
friend
off
drugs,
or
to
help
an
adult
take
up
a
good
habit
or
drop
a
bad
one.
Although
peer
pressure
is
sometimes
quite
obvious,
it
can
also
be
so
___33___that
a
person
may
not
even
notice
that
it
is
affecting
his
or
her
behavior.
For
this
reason,
when
making
important
decisions,
simply
going
with
a(n)
___34___is
risky.
Instead,
people
should
seriously
consider
why
they
feel
drawn
to
taking
a
particular
action,
and
whether
the
real
___35___
is
simply
that
everyone
else
is
doing
the
same
thing.
21.
A.
traditional
B.
similar
C.
peculiar
D.
opposite
22.
A.
understandable
B.
believable
C.
acceptable
D.
surprising
23.
A.
disapproval
B.
failure
C.
absence
D.
independence
24.
A.
uncertain
B.
practical
C.
impossible
D.
vague
25.
A.
promotes
B.
prevents
C.
simplifies
D.
increases
26.
A.
challenge
B.
inspiration
C.
promise
D.
addiction
27.
A.
recognize
B.
abandon
C.
decrease
D.
define
28.
A.
avoid
B.
encourage
C.
decline
D.
punish
29.
A.
pressured
B.
respected
C.
delighted
D.
regretted
30.
A.
catch
sight
of
B.
stay
away
from
C.
make
fun
of
D.
keep
up
with
31.
A.
competitions
B.
interaction
C.
academics
D.
adaptation
32.
A.
knowledge
B.
interest
C.
assistance
D.
influence
33.
A.
abstract
B.
ridiculous
C.
subtle
D.
reasonable
34.
A.
consciousness
B.
motivation
C.
instinct
D.
encouragement
35.
A.
motivation
B.
danger
C.
support
D.
achievement
Section
B
Directions:
Read
the
following
three
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
you
have
just
read.
(A)
Jack
London,
one
of
America’s
major
writers
of
adventure
tales,
was
born
in
California
in
1876.
During
his
life,
London
worked
at
many
jobs.
His
broad
life
experiences
would
become
the
background
for
his
writing.
London
loved
to
read.
As
a
teenager,
he
spent
many
hours
educating
himself
at
the
Oakland,
California,
public
library.
He
attended
college
at
the
University
of
California
at
Berkeley,
but
he
stayed
for
only
six
months.
He
thought
Berkeley
was
“not
lively
enough”
and
wanted
to
do
something
more
exciting.
London
wrote
stories
about
working
people
and
the
hard
times
they
had
making
a
living.
He
knew
their
problems
first
hand.
He
worked
as
a
sailor,
farmer,
factory
employee,
railroad
worker,
and
gold
prospector,
to
name
just
a
few
of
his
many
jobs.
London
grew
up
near
the
waterfront
in
Oakland.
He
loved
the
water.
When
he
was
fifteen
years
old,
he
bought
a
small
sailboat
called
a
sloop.
Later
he
sailed
to
Japan
on
a
schooner,
which
is
a
much
larger
sailing
boat.
Like
many
people
of
the
time,
London
caught
the
Klondike
Gold
Rush
Fever.
In
1897,
he
headed
for
Alaska.
He
didn’t
find
gold,
but
he
discovered
something
even
more
valuable.
He
discovered
that
people
enjoyed
listening
to
the
stories
he
made
up
with
his
vivid
imagination.
London
entertained
the
miners
with
story
after
story.
Later,
using
his
experiences
during
the
Gold
Rush,
he
created
many
more
colorful
stories.
London
resolved
to
live
a
full,
exciting
life.
He
once
said,
“I
would
rather
be
a
superb
meteor(流星),
every
atom
of
me
in
magnificent
glow,
than
a
sleepy
and
permanent
planet.”
Each
day,
he
pushed
himself.
Once
London
determined
that
he
was
going
to
be
a
writer,
nothing
could
stop
him.
His
goal
was
to
write
at
least
one
thousand
words
every
day.
He
refused
to
stop
even
when
he
was
sick.
In
eighteen
years,
the
writer
published
fifty-one
books
and
hundreds
of
articles.
He
was
the
best-selling
and
highest-paid
author
of
his
day.
Many
people
also
considered
him
to
be
the
best
writer.
White
Fang
and
The
Call
of
the
Wild
are
his
most
famous
stories
and
are
about
surviving
in
the
Alaskan
wilderness.
Readers
can
enjoy
Jack
London’s
energy
and
his
talent
for
telling
wonderful
stories
each
time
they
open
one
of
his
novels.
36.
Why
was
Jack
London
able
to
write
on
many
topics?
A.
He
pushed
himself
to
reach
goals.
B.
He
had
a
variety
of
experiences
and
jobs.
C.
He
was
drawn
to
the
Klondike
Gold
Rush.
D.
He
was
the
best-selling
and
highest-paid
author.
37.
What
prevented
Jack
London
from
finishing
college?
A.
That
he
was
hired
to
sail
to
Japan.
B
That
he
traveled
to
Alaska
in
1897.
C.
That
he
spent
much
of
his
time
writing.
D.
That
he
was
not
interested
in
college
life
enough.
38.
The
underlined
sentence
in
the
last
paragraph
indicates
that
Jack
London______.
A.
is
expert
at
universe.
B.
aims
high
and
strive
to
succeed.
C.
is
excited
about
life
if
the
wildness.
D.
face
a
choice
between
life
and
death.
39.
What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
passage?
A.
To
support
the
statement
that
London
was
the
“best
writer?.
B.
To
describe
life
during
the
klondike
Gold
Rush.
C.
To
provide
information
on
Jack
‘s
life.
D.
To
identify
books
written
by
Jack
London.
（B）
USING
YOUR
GOLDEN
ARROW
MULTIPURPOSE
CALCULATOR
TO
DETERMINE
THE
DATE
AND
TIME
AT
YOUR
LOCATION
AS
WELL
AS
LOCATIONS
AROUND
THE
GLOBE
SEETING
THE
DATE
AND
TIME
FOR
YOUR
LOCATION
Use
the
TIME
ZONE
chart
below
to
locate
code
that
corresponds
with
the
time
zone
in
which
you
live.
Select
the
major
city
that
shares
your
time
zone.
Press
the
code
that
corresponds
to
that
city
(e.g.
,if
you
live
in
Washington
,Oregon
California,
or
Nevada,
all
of
which
are
located
in
the
Pacific
time
zone,
you
would
choose
Los
Angeles
and
press
the
corresponding
code
which
is
the
1
key).
1.
Press
TIME
twice.
The
two
digits
representing
hours
will
begin
to
flash.
2.
Depress
and
hold
the
▲or▼
key
until
the
desired
hour
flashes.
Then
release.
3.
Press
SET.
The
two
digits
representing
minutes
will
begin
to
flash.
4.
Depress
and
hold
the
▲or▼
key
until
the
desired
minute
fleshes.
Then
release.
5.
Press
SET.
The
two
digits
representing
seconds
will
begin
to
flash.
6.
Depress
and
hold
the
▲or▼
key
until
00
flashes.
The
release.
7.
Press
SET.
To
set
the
year,
month,
and
day
press
DATE
three
times.
Then
repeat
steps
2
through
7.
NOTE:
At
this
point,
hour
,minutes
and
seconds
will
change
to
year,
month,
and
day.
DETERMINAING
DATE
AND
TIME
FOR
THE
WORLD’S16
TIME
ZONES
1.PRESS
ZONE
TWICE.
2.
Use
the
TIME
ZONE
chart
below
to
locate
the
code
that
corresponds
to
the
time
zone
for
which
you
desire
the
date
and
time.
Press
that
code
(e.g.
press
=
to
determine
the
date
and
time
in
Hong
Kong).
The
selected
date
and
time
will
alternately
display
for
10
seconds
and
then
return
automatically
to
your
home
date
and
time.
CODE
CITY
TIME
0
Honolulu
-10
1
Los
Angeles
-8
2
Denver
-7
3
Chicago
-6
4
New
York
-5
5
Rio
de
Janeiro
-3
6
London
0
7
Paris
+1
CODE
CITY
TIME
8
Cairo
+2
9
Moscow
+3
+
Karachi
+5
-
Bangkok
+7
=
Hong
Kong
+8
Tokyo
+9
/
Sydney
+10
#
Wellington
+12
40.
This
article
serves
to
explain
how
to
________.
A.
press
the
or
keys
to
adjust
time
B.
determine
the
time
zone
around
the
world
C.
set
global
locations
to
find
Pacific
time
zone
D.
use
the
calculator
to
display
time,
date
and
location
41.
If
you
are
at
a
net
meeting
in
London
at
9
a.m.,
what
time
is
it
for
your
colleagues
in
Japan?
A.
9
p.m..
B.
6
p.m..
C.
11
a.m..
D.
8
a.m..
42.
What
sequence
of
steps
would
you
follow
to
check
the
time
in
Moscow?
A.
Press
ZONE
twice.
Press
9.
B.
Press
ZONE
twice.
Press+3.
C.
Press
ZONE
twice.
Press
9.Press+3.
D.
Press
ZONE
twice.
Press
9
three
times.
(C)
Progressives
often
support
diversity
missions
as
a
path
to
equality
and
a
way
to
level
the
playing
field.
But
all
too
often
such
policies
are
an
insincere
form
of
virtue-signaling
that
benefits
only
the
most
privileged
and
does
little
to
help
average
people.
A
pair
of
bills
sponsored
by
Massachusetts
state
Senator
Jason
Lewis
and
House
Speaker
Pro
Tempore
Patricia
Haddad,
to
ensure
"gender
equality"
on
boards
and
commissions,
provide
a
case
in
point.
Haddad
and
Lewis
are
concerned
that
more
than
half
the
state-government
board
are
less
than
40
percent
female.
In
order
to
ensure
that
elite
women
have
more
such
opportunities,
they
have
proposed
imposing
government
quotas（配额）.
If
the
bills
become
law,
state
boards
and
commissions
will
be
required
to
set
aside
50
percent
of
board
seats
for
women
by
2022.
The
bills
are
similar
to
a
measure
recently
adopted
in
California,
which
last
year
became
the
first
state
to
require
gender
quotas
for
private
companies.
In
signing
the
measure,
California
Governor
Jerry
Brown
admitted
that
the
law,
which
clearly
classifies
people
on
the
basis
of
sex,
is
probably
unconstitutional.
The
US
Supreme
Court
frowns
on
sex-based
classifications
unless
they
are
designed
to
address
an
"important"
policy
interest.
Because
the
California
law
applies
to
all
boards
even
where
there
is
no
history
of
prior
discrimination,
courts
are
likely
to
rule
that
the
law
violates
the
constitutional
guarantee
of
"equal
protection".
But
are
such
government
mandates
even
necessary?
Female
participation
on
corporate
boards
may
not
currently
mirror
the
percentage
of
women
in
the
general
population,
but
so
what?
The
number
of
women
on
corporate
boards
has
been
steadily
increasing
without
government
interference.
According
to
a
study
by
Catalyst,
between
2010
and
2015
the
share
of
women
on
the
boards
of
global
corporations
increased
by
54
percent.
Requiring
companies
to
make
gender
the
primary
qualification
for
board
membership
will
inevitably
lead
to
less
experienced
private
sector
boards.
That
is
exactly
what
happened
when
Norway
adopted
a
nationwide
corporate
gender
quota.
Writing
in
The
New
Republic,
Alice
Lee
notes
that
increasing
the
number
of
opportunities
for
board
membership
without
increasing
the
pool
of
qualified
women
to
serve
on
such
boards
has
led
to
a
"golden
skirt
"phenomenon,
where
the
same
elite
women
occupy
multiple
seats
on
a
variety
of
boards.
Next
time
somebody
pushes
corporate
quotas
as
a
way
to
promote
gender
equity,
remember
that
such
policies
are
largely
self-serving
measures
that
make
their
sponsors
feel
good
but
do
little
to
help
average
women.
43.
The
author
believes
that
the
bills
sponsored
by
Lewis
and
Haddad
will
__________.
A.
help
little
to
reduce
gender
bias.
B.
pose
a
threat
to
the
state
government.
C.
raise
women's
position
in
politics.
D.
greatly
broaden
career
options.
44.
The
author
mentions
the
study
by
Catalyst
to
illustrate
__________.
A.
the
harm
from
absolute
board
decision.
B.
the
importance
of
constitutional
guarantees.
C.
the
pressure
on
women
in
global
corporations.
D.
the
needlessness
of
government
interventions.
45.
Norway's
adoption
of
a
nationwide
corporate
gender
quota
has
led
to
__________.
A.
the
underestimation
of
elite
women's
role
B
the
objection
to
female
participation
on
boards.
C.
the
entry
of
unqualified
candidates
into
the
board.
D.
the
growing
tension
between
labor
and
management.
46.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
inferred
from
the
text?
A.
Women's
need
in
employment
should
be
considered.
B.
Feasibility
should
be
a
prime
concern
in
policy
making.
C.
Everyone
should
try
hard
to
promote
social
justice.
D.
Major
social
issues
should
be
the
focus
of
the
government.
Section
C
Directions:
Read
the
following
passage.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
sentence
given
in
the
box.
Each
sentence
can
be
used
only
once.
Note
that
there
are
two
more
sentences
than
you
read.
Many
people
go
through
life's
usual
phases
of
ups
and
downs，which
are
common
and
normal
stages
in
life,
but
when
your
self-esteem
is
low,
you
may
need
to
know
how
to
boost
your
self-esteem,
since
it
can
lead
to
problems
you
may
not
have
thought
of.
Self-esteem
is
the
measurement
or
the
value
of
how
a
person
knows
his
worth
and
its
effects
are
life-changing
and
dramatic,
since
it
makes
up
a
person’s
attitude
and
outlook
towards
life.
____47____
But
when
self-esteem
is
low,
you
can
either
sulk
and
be
sad
or
be
afraid
to
try
out
new
things
or
take
risks
and
chances
with
your
love-life,
career,
relationships
and
self-improvement.
Faced
with
tough
decisions
in
life,
the
more
self-esteem
one
has,
the
better.
It
is
for
that
person
to
make
sound
decisions,
even
in
the
face
of
peer
pressure
or
stress
at
work
and
at
home.
Let
us
try
to
look
into
some
of
the
common
and
best
practices
which
have
been
tried
and
tested
to
help
boost
self-esteem.
Always
compliment
yourself
daily,
especially
by
trying
to
look
for
specific
tasks
you
did
well
for
that
day
and
congratulate
yourself
for
it.
_____48_____
List
down
all
things
you
are
good
at
doing
and
achieving,
be
it
a
talent,
skill,
sport
or
building
up
other
people.
Appreciation
of
one’s
physical
appearance
and
bearing
can
also
be
your
source
of
self-esteem,
be
it
the
size
and
shape
of
your
body,
your
overall
physical
structure
or
unique
features.
Your
body
can
be
your
source
of
pride
and
will
help
you
understand
how
you
would
like
others
to
see
you,
or
work
on
your
physical
appearance
to
boost
self-morale
and
satisfaction.
Sometimes
when
you
tend
to
see
things
in
a
different
light
or
perspective
from
others,
don’t
focus
too
much
on
making
sure
that
what
you
think
will
cause
things
to
change.______49______
When
you
have
good
self-esteem
you
will
realize
that
what
you
did
was
right
and
was
made
under
your
own
food
judgment,
sound
principles
and
concepts
based
on
your
personal
outlook
and
attitude
towards
life.
Do
not
let
negative
feedback
affect
you.
Of
course,
one
cannot
help
but
feel
bad
about
negative
comments
or
reactions,
but
you
have
to
consider
that
these
are
tests
against
your
character
and
personality.
_____50_____
So
try
to
look
at
yourself
and
see,
and
if
you
feel
less
important
or
are
not
satisfied
with
how
you
see
and
look
at
things,
then
think
about
ways
on
how
to
boost
your
self-esteem.
You’ll
thank
yourself
for
it.
A.
It
is
you
yourself
not
anybody
else
that
can
correct
your
Self-esteem.
B.
Simply
put,
self-esteem
is
the
fuel
that
makes
you
feel
important
or
loved
by
others.
C.
More
often
times
it
will
not,
but
don’t
let
that
cloud
your
perception
about
yourself.
D.
Now
that
we’ve
covered
those
aspects
of
self-esteem,
let’s
turn
to
some
of
the
other
factors
that
need
to
be
considered.
E.
It
will
give
you
a
regular
motivation
to
work
harder
and
better
to
improve
yourself
and
develop
your
sense
of
maturity
as
a
person.
F.
When
your
self-esteem
is
high,
you
are
less
likely
to
be
affected
by
these
situations.
IV.
Summary
Writing
51.
Directions:
Read
the
following
passage.
Summarize
the
main
idea
and
the
main
point(s)
of
the
passage
in
no
more
than
60
words.
Use
your
own
words
as
far
as
possible.
The
Zeigarnik
Effect
Have
you
ever
found
yourself
thinking
about
a
partially
finished
project
for
school
or
work
when
you
were
trying
to
focus
on
other
things?
Or
perhaps
you
wondered
what
would
happen
next
in
your
favorite
TV
show
or
film
series.
If
you
have,
you’ve
experienced
the
Zeigarnik
effect.
You
tend
to
remember
unfinished
tasks
better
than
finished
tasks.
Knowledge
of
the
Zeigarnik
effect
can
be
put
into
use
in
everyday
life.
The
effect
is
especially
well
suited
for
helping
overcome
procrastination
or
delaying
an
action
to
a
later
time.
We
often
put
off
big
tasks
that
seem
overwhelming.
However,
the
Zeigarnik
effect
suggests
that
the
key
to
overcoming
procrastination
is
to
just
get
started.
The
first
step
could
be
something
small
and
seemingly
insignificant.
In
fact,
it’s
probably
best
if
it’s
something
fairly
easy.
The
Zeigarnik
effect
can
be
useful
for
students
who
are
studying
for
an
exam.
The
effect
tells
us
that
breaking
up
study
periods
can
actually
improve
recall.
So
instead
of
cramming
for
an
exam
all
in
one
sitting,
breaks
should
be
scheduled
in
which
the
student
focuses
on
something
else.
This
will
cause
intrusive（侵入的）thoughts,
enabling
students
to
rehearse
and
consolidate
the
information
that
must
be
remembered,
leading
to
better
recall
when
they
take
the
exam.
The
Zeigarnik
effect
also
points
to
reasons
why
people
may
experience
mental
health
problems.
If
an
individual
leaves
important
tasks
incomplete,
the
intrusive
thoughts
that
result
can
lead
to
stress,
anxiety,
difficulty
sleeping,
and
emotional
distress.
Conversely,
completing
a
task
can
give
an
individual
a
sense
of
accomplishment
and
lead
to
a
feeling
of
closure
that
can
improve
psychological
well
-
being.
The
Zeigarnik
effect
can
actually
be
used
to
positively
impact
your
work
productivity.
V.
Translation
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
52.
庆祝活动分散了公众对政府所面临的问题的注意力。
(distract)(汉译英)
53.
现在就预定展览会的门票，你就有可能欣赏到众多的艺术作品。（chance）(汉译英)
54.
实际上，根据有关报道说，长期以来，很多沿海城市和港口受到重工业所产生的化学物品和其他有害物质的污染。(report
v)
(汉译英)
55.
只有鼓励高中生多参加社区活动，他们才能放松身心，扩宽视野、增强更好服务于他人的意识。
（Only）(汉译英)
56.
约翰一打开最新一期的上海中学生报，就看到了马拉多纳（Maradona）因突发心脏病去世的消息，这使他突然大哭。(burst)
(汉译英)
VI.
Guided
Writing
57.
Directions:
Write
an
English
composition
in
120-150
words
according
to
the
instructions
given
below
in
Chinese.
校学生会正在评选新一届学生会主席，假设你是该校的学生李青，有意参加竞选。写一份自荐材料，材料必须包括以下内容：
●简述个人信息及你所具备的竞选条件（能力、性格、爱好等）；
●如果当选，请你用具体事例阐述你将会为本校学生做些什么？
注意：自荐材料中不得使用你的真实名字。奉贤中学2020学年第一学期高二英语学科第二次阶段测验试卷
（考试时间：120分钟
满分150分）
I.
Listening
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions:
In
Section
A,
you
will
hear
ten
short
conversations
between
two
speakers.
At
the
end
of
each
conversation,
a
question
will
be
asked
about
what
was
said.
The
conversation
and
the
question
will
be
spoken
only
once.
After
you
hear
a
conversation
and
the
question
about
it,
read
the
four
possible
answers
on
your
paper,
and
decide
which
one
is
the
best
answer
to
the
question
you
have
heard.
1.
A.
Doctor
and
patient.
B.
Waitress
and
customer.
C.
Wife
and
husband.
D.
Secretary
and
boss.
2.
A.
His
signature.
B.
His
room
number.
C.
His
receipt.
D.
His
check.
3.
A.
Move
her
bag
at
the
desk.
B.
Tell
a
story
with
humor.
C.
Undergo
an
operation.
D.
Have
a
quarrel
with
the
man.
4.
A.
Mr.
James
is
the
new
advisor.
B.
The
advisor
is
a
woman.
C.
Every
undergraduate
has
an
advisor.
D.
The
advisor
is
not
there.
5.
A.
She
had
difficulty
getting
tickets.
B.
She’s
already
been
to
the
exhibition.
C.
She
wanted
to
get
tickets
for
everybody.
D.
She’ll
try
to
get
tickets
after
work.
6.
A.
The
meeting
was
announced
today.
B.
She’ll
make
the
call
later.
C.
There
won’t
be
a
meeting
tomorrow.
D.
She
has
confirmed
everything.
7.
A.
He
eats
too
much
when
playing
chess.
B.
He
won’t
join
the
chess
club.
C.
Chess
is
his
favorite
game.
D.
He
doesn’t
enjoy
chess
as
much
as
he
used
to.
8.
A.
The
number
of
the
train.
B.
When
the
next
train
will
depart.
C.
Where
to
find
some
equipment.
D.
Where
to
board
the
train.
9.
A.
She
wouldn’t
use
her
ticket.
B.
She
didn’t
want
her
ticket.
C.
She
had
forgotten
about
her
ticket.
D.
She
didn’t
want
to
go
to
the
game.
10.
A.
The
restaurant
wasn’t
very
crowded.
B.
The
meal
was
very
expensive.
C.
The
magazine
wasn’t
very
interesting.
D
The
food
wasn’t
very
good.
Section
B
Directions:
In
Section
B,
you
will
hear
two
short
passages
and
one
longer
conversation.
After
each
passage
or
conversation,
you
will
be
asked
several
questions.
The
passage
and
the
conversations
will
be
read
twice,
but
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
When
you
hear
a
question,
read
the
four
possible
answers
on
your
paper
and
decide
which
one
would
be
the
best
answer
to
the
question
you
have
heard.
Questions
11
through
13
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
11.
A.
It
varies
from
person
to
person.
B.
It
is
decided
by
the
most
healthy
lifestyle.
C.
It
needs
some
tests
and
comparison
to
the
standard.
D.
It
is
based
more
on
individual
needs
than
personal
goals.
12.
A.
Strength.
B.
Endurance.
C.
Flexibility.
D.
Health.
13.
A.
The
variety
of
fitness
in
the
future.
B.
The
importance
of
three
basic
factors
concerning
fitness.
C.
The
new
concept
of
fitness
and
its
essential
factors.
D.
Training
effects
of
some
sports
on
people.
Questions
14
through
16
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
14.
A.
Recognizing
one’s
abilities.
B.
Analyzing
one’s
strengths
and
weaknesses.
C.
Matching
one’s
abilities
to
job
vacancies.
D.
Presenting
one’s
abilities
to
future
employers.
15.
A.
Finding
out
what
they
can
do
about
the
employer.
B.
Avoiding
asking
unsure
questions.
C.
Arriving
as
early
as
they
can.
D.
Answering
questions
in
a
polite
way.
16.
A.
Graduates
from
famous
universities.
B.
Determined,
skilled
and
able
people.
C.
Capable
and
modest
people.
D.
People
with
much
work
experience.
Questions
17
through
20
are
based
on
the
following
conversation.
17.
A.
Sharing
pictures
online
with
his
followers.
B.
Picking
out
the
pictures
to
be
shared
online.
C.
Having
pictures
taken
by
his
followers
online.
D.
Helping
others
to
take
some
pictures
online.
18.
A.
His
friends
and
relatives.
B.
His
friends
and
followers.
C.
His
social
media
friends
and
followers.
D.
All
people
online.
19.
A.
Opposed.
B.
Favorable.
C.
Indifferent.
D.
Doubtful.
20.
A.
There
are
a
lot
of
virus
and
various
crimes
online.
B.
It’s
full
of
too
many
false
and
unqualified
products.
C.
It’s
changeable
and
hard
to
be
controlled
by
people.
D.
There
are
all
kinds
of
cheats
online
actually.
II.
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
Section
A
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,?use
one
word
or
two
words
that
best
fit
each
blank.
Back
in
2013,
the
legendary
Japanese
animator
and
director
Hayao
Miyazaki
formally
announced
he
would
retire
and
make
no
more
feature-length
films
______1______(follow)
the
completion
of
The
Wind
Rises.
Well,
it
turns
out
that
you
can’t
keep
an
Oscar-winning
artist
away
from
all
_______2_______
he
loves.
Miyazaki
has
revealed
in
a
documentary
_______3_______
(air)
on
Japanese
TV
that
he
is
now
coming
out
of
retirement
to
make
a
new
animated
feature.
____4____
the
documentary,
Miyazaki
said
that
he
was
dissatisfied
with
the
12-minute
CGI-animated
film
Boro
the
Caterpillar
（《毛毛虫菠萝》）he
was
currently
working
on
and
would
like
to
expand
it
into
a
feature-length
film
instead.
The
film
could
take
up
to
four
years
to
make,
which
means
Miyazaki
would
be
around
80
years
old
by
the
time
it_______5_______(complete).
If
he
sticks
to
his
ideal
timetable,
it
would
be
finished
before
the
Tokyo
Olympic
Games.
Little
is
known
about
Boro
the
Caterpillar,
other
than
______6______
Miyazaki
describes
the
film
as
“a
story
of
a
tiny,
hairy
caterpillar,
so
tiny
that
it
_______7_______
be
easily
squished（压坏）between
your
fingers.”
And
he
has
been
working
on
the
story
for
about
two
decades.
The
12-minute
Boro
the
Caterpillar
will
not
be
completed
for
about
another
year
and
_______8_______
(screen)
exclusively
at
the
Ghibli
Museum,
a
museum
showcasing
the
work
of
Studio
Ghibli
co-founded
by
Miyazaki.
______9______he
hasn’t
received
a
green
light
for
the
new
film,
Miyazaki
is
seen
starting
work
on
animation
for
the
project.
He
plans
to
create
storyboards（剧情梗概系列图）for
about
100
cuts
of
footage.
“I
think
it’s
still
better
________10________
(die)
when
you
are
doing
something
than
dying
when
you
are
doing
nothing,”
he
said.
This
is
Miyazaki—if
he
wants
to
make
a
film,
it’s
going
to
get
done
undoubtedly.
There’s
no
way
anyone
would
turn
down
another
amazing
piece
of
art
from
the
legendary
animator.
【答案】1.
following
2.
that
3.
aired
4.
According
to
5.
was
completed
6.
that
7.
may
8.
will
be
screened
9.
Although/
Though
10.
to
die
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了传奇动画家兼导演的宫崎骏于2013年宣布息影后，两周前表示将会复出，并准备将其近期制作的一条12分钟的动画短片《毛毛虫菠萝》制作成一部长篇电影之事。
【1题详解】
考查介词。句意：2013年9月，日本传奇动画家兼导演宫崎骏正式宣布息影。在《起风了》杀青后，他声明将退休并不会再制作长篇电影。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处用介词following“在......之后”符合语境，following
the
completion
of
The
Wind
Rises“在《起风了》杀青后”。
故填following。
【2题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而，这名荣获奥斯卡终身成就奖的艺术家却无法远离其热爱的事业。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处为定语从句的关系词，从句缺宾语，且其先行词为all，故设空处需填关系代词that。故填that。
【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：就在两周前，宫崎骏在一档日本电视纪录片里表示准备复出，拍摄一部新的动画电影。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处为非谓语动词，用于修饰名词documentary
，且二者为被动关系，故其用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填aired。
【4题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：据纪录片所知，宫崎骏表示对其近期制作的一条12分钟的动画短片《毛毛虫菠萝》并不满意，他想把这条短片做成一部长篇电影。根据句意可知，文中所说宫崎骏说的话应该是根据纪录片所知，故设空处应用固定搭配according
to表“据(…所说)；根据……”之意。故填According
to。
【5题详解】
考查时态及语态。句意：这部电影预计将会耗时四年，宫崎骏彼时已经接近80岁。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处为by
the
time
所引导的时间状语从句的谓动，其主语it指代上文的“
Boro
the
Caterpillar”，故二者为被动关系；再根据主句的would
be及“主过将从过”可知，从句用一般过去时。故填was
completed。
【6题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：除了知道宫崎骏将这部电影形容为“一条弱小的毛茸茸的小毛毛虫的故事，小到可能很容易被你的手指压扁。”外，人们对《毛毛虫菠萝》知之甚少。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that。故填that。
7题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：除了知道宫崎骏将这部电影形容为“一条弱小的毛茸茸的小毛毛虫的故事，小到可能很容易被你的手指压扁。”外，人们对《毛毛虫菠萝》知之甚少。根据句意和空格后的动词原形be可知，空处可用情态动词may表“可能”之意。故填may。
【8题详解】
考查时态及语态。句意：这条12分钟的动画短片再过一年也未必能完工，《毛毛虫菠萝》将在吉卜力美术馆中完成所有拍摄。吉卜力美术馆专门陈列吉卜力工作室的作品，而宫崎骏正是吉卜力工作室的创建人之一。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处和will
not
be
completed为and连接的两个谓语动词，二者前后时态保持一致；且其主语为Boro
the
Caterpillar，二者为被动关系，故其应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will
be
screened。
【9题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管新片还没通过审批，宫崎已经开始了该动画的制作。分析句意及句子结构可知，设空处用以引导其后的让步状语从句，从句中有not且未用倒装句，故可用although和
though来引导此让步状从。故填Although/
Though。
【10题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：“我觉得在忙碌中死去比在无为中死去要好得多，”宫崎骏说。分析句意及句子结构可知，该句的宾从中使用了固定句型it’s+
adj.
+
to
do
sth.表“做某事是怎样的”之意，其中it为形式主语，to
do为真正的主语。故填to
die。
Section
B
Directions:
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
word
chosen
from
the
box.
Each
word
can
be
used
only
once.
Note
that
there
is
one
word
more
than
you
need.
The
Internet
E-commerce
and
globalization
are
making
a
new
economic
age
possible.
In
the
future,
capitalist
markets
will
largely
be
replaced
by
a
new
kind
of
economic
system
based
on
___11___
relationships,
contractual
arrangements
and
access
rights.
Has
the
quality
of
our
lives
at
work,
at
home
and
in
our
communities
increased
in
direct
proportion
to
all
the
new
Internet
and
business-to-business
Internet
services
being
introduced
into
our
lives?
I
have
asked
this
question
of
hundreds
of
CEOs
and
corporate
executives
in
Europe
and
the
United
States.
Surprisingly,
virtually
everyone
has
said,
“No,
quiet
___12___.”
They
say
they
are
working
longer
hours,
feel
more
stressed,
are
more
impatient,
and
are
even
less
civil
in
their
dealings
with
colleagues
and
friends-not
to
mention
strangers.
And
what’s
more
revealing,
they
place
much
of
the
blame
on
the
very
same
technologies
they
are
so
___13___
supporting.
The
technological
leader
promised
us
that
access
would
make
life
more
convenient.
Instead,
the
very
technological
wonders
that
were
supposed
to
___14___
us
have
begun
to
enslave
us
in
a
web
of
connections
from
which
there
seems
to
be
no
easy
___15___.
If
an
earlier
generation
was
preoccupied
with
the
quest
to
enclose
a
vast
___16___
land,
generation,
it
seems,
is
more
caught
up
in
the
colonization
of
time.
Every
spare
moment
of
our
time
is
being
filled
with
some
form
of
commercial
connection,
making
time
itself
the
___17___
of
all
resources.
And
while
we
have
created
every
kind
of
labor-and
time-saving
device
to
service
our
needs,
we
are
beginning
to
feel
like
we
have
less
time
available
to
us
than
any
other
humans
in
history.
Maybe
we
need
to
ask
what
kinds
of
connections
really
___18___
in
the
e-economy
age.
If
this
new
technology
___19___
is
only
about
super
efficiency,
then
we
risk
losing
something
even
precious
than
time-our
sense
of
what
it
means
to
be
a(n)
___20___
human
being.
【答案】11.
I
12.
K
13.
E
14.
G
15.
J
16.
H
17.
D
18.
A
19.
F
20.
C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。互联网电子商务和全球化正在使一个新的经济时代成为可能。在未来，资本主义市场将在很大程度上被一种基于网络关系、合同安排和使用权的新型经济体系所取代。相反，那些本应解放我们的技术奇迹，已开始奴役我们，使我们置身于一个似乎无法轻易逃脱的关系网之中。虽然我们创造了各种省时省力的设备来满足我们的需求，但我们开始觉得自己比历史上任何其他人类拥有的时间都要少。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在未来，资本主义市场将在很大程度上被一种基于网络关系、合同安排和使用权的新型经济体系所取代。relationship为名词需要形容词修饰，故填networked，“网络的”。故选I。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶的是，几乎所有人都说:“不，完全相反。”根据上文Surprisingly可知情况是“完全相反”的，故填contrary。故选K。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：更有启发性的是，他们把大部分责任都归咎于他们大力支持的技术。support为动词需要副词修饰，故填aggressively“侵略地；攻击地；大力地”。故选E。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：相反，那些本应解放我们的技术奇迹，已开始奴役我们，使我们置身于一个似乎无法轻易逃脱的关系网之中。根据句意可知应填liberate“解放；释放”，故选G。
【15题详解】
考查名词。短语no
easy
escape“不容易逃脱；无法轻易逃脱”，故填名词escape。故选J。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果早期的一代人专注于包围广阔的地理区域，那么.com一代似乎更专注于时间的殖民。根据句意可知表示“地理的”应填geographic。故选H。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们的每一个空闲时间都被某种形式的商业联系所占据，这使得时间本身成为所有资源中最稀缺的。根据上文the以及下文of
all
resources可知应填形容词最高级scarcest，“最稀缺的”。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：也许我们需要问一下，在电子经济时代，什么样的联系才是真正重要的。根据句意可知表示“重要”应为count，故选A。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果这项新技术革命只是为了提高效率，那么我们可能会失去一些甚至比时间更宝贵的东西——我们对作为一个有爱心的人意味着什么的意识。短语technology
revolution“技术革命”，故填revolution选F。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果这项新技术革命只是为了提高效率，那么我们可能会失去一些甚至比时间更宝贵的东西——我们对作为一个有爱心的人意味着什么的意识。human
being为名词词组需要形容词修饰，故填caring，表示“有爱心的”。故选C。
III.
Reading
Comprehension
Section
A
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
The
expression,
"everybody's
doing
it,"
is
very
much
at
the
center
of
the
concept
of
peer
pressure.
It
is
a
social
influence
applied
on
an
individual
in
order
to
get
that
person
to
act
or
believe
in
a(n)
___21___
way
as
a
larger
group.
This
influence
can
be
negative
or
positive,
and
can
exist
in
both
large
and
small
groups.
People
are
social
creatures
by
nature,
and
so
it
is
hardly
___22___that
some
part
of
their
self-respect
comes
from
the
approval
of
others.
This
instinct
explains
why
the
approval
of
peers,
and
the
fear
of
___23___,
is
such
a
powerful
force
in
many
people's
lives.
This
instinct
drives
people
to
dress
one
way
at
home
and
another
way
at
work,
or
to
answer
a
simple
“fine"
when
a
stranger
asks
"how
are
you?"
even
if
it
is
not
necessarily
true.
There
is
a(n)
___24___aspect
to
this:
it
helps
society
to
function
efficiently,
and
encourages
a
general
level
of
self-discipline
that
___25___day-to-day
interaction
between
people.
For
certain
individuals,
seeking
social
acceptance
is
so
important
that
it
becomes
a(n)
___26___:
in
order
to
satisfy
the
desire,
they
may
go
so
far
as
to
___27___their
sense
of
right
and
wrong.
Teens
and
young
adults
may
feel
forced
to
use
drugs,
or
join
gangs
that
___28___criminal
behavior.
Mature
adults
may
sometimes
feel
___29___
to
cover
up
illegal
activity
at
the
company
where
they
work,
or
end
up
in
debt
because
they
are
unable
to
hold
back
the
desire
to
buy
a
house
or
car
that
they
can't
afford
in
an
effort
to
___30___
the
peers.
However
peer
pressure
is
not
always
negative.
A
student
whose
friends
are
good
at
___31___may
be
urged
to
work
harder
and
get
good
grades.
Players
on
a
sports
team
may
feel
driven
to
play
harder
in
order
to
help
the
team
win.
This
type
of
___32___can
also
get
a
friend
off
drugs,
or
to
help
an
adult
take
up
a
good
habit
or
drop
a
bad
one.
Although
peer
pressure
is
sometimes
quite
obvious,
it
can
also
be
so
___33___that
a
person
may
not
even
notice
that
it
is
affecting
his
or
her
behavior.
For
this
reason,
when
making
important
decisions,
simply
going
with
a(n)
___34___is
risky.
Instead,
people
should
seriously
consider
why
they
feel
drawn
to
taking
a
particular
action,
and
whether
the
real
___35___
is
simply
that
everyone
else
is
doing
the
same
thing.
21.
A.
traditional
B.
similar
C.
peculiar
D.
opposite
22.
A.
understandable
B.
believable
C.
acceptable
D.
surprising
23.
A.
disapproval
B.
failure
C.
absence
D.
independence
24.
A.
uncertain
B.
practical
C.
impossible
D.
vague
25.
A.
promotes
B.
prevents
C.
simplifies
D.
increases
26.
A.
challenge
B.
inspiration
C.
promise
D.
addiction
27.
A.
recognize
B.
abandon
C.
decrease
D.
define
28.
A.
avoid
B.
encourage
C.
decline
D.
punish
29.
A.
pressured
B.
respected
C.
delighted
D.
regretted
30.
A.
catch
sight
of
B.
stay
away
from
C.
make
fun
of
D.
keep
up
with
31.
A.
competitions
B.
interaction
C.
academics
D.
adaptation
32.
A.
knowledge
B.
interest
C.
assistance
D.
influence
33.
A.
abstract
B.
ridiculous
C.
subtle
D.
reasonable
34.
A.
consciousness
B.
motivation
C.
instinct
D.
encouragement
35.
A.
motivation
B.
danger
C.
support
D.
achievement
【答案】21.
B
22.
D
23.
A
24.
B
25.
C
26.
D
27.
B
28.
B
29.
A
30.
D
31.
C
32.
D
33.
C
34.
C
35.
A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了同龄人压力的利与弊以及应对同龄人压力的正确方法。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是对个人施加的一种社会影响，目的是让个人以类似于一个更大群体的方式行动或相信某一观点。A.
traditional传统的；B.
similar相似的；C.
peculiar独特的；D.
opposite相反的。空前说“每个人都在这么做”这句话是同龄人压力概念的核心，它的目的是让个人以类似于一个更大群体的方式行动或相信某一观点，故B项正确。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人天生就是社会性的动物，所以他们的自尊有一部分来自别人的认可也就不足为奇了。A.
understandable可以理解的；B.
believable可信的；
C.
acceptable可接受的；D.
surprising令人惊讶的。空前说人天生就是社会性动物，所以人类的自尊有一部分来自别人的认可并不奇怪，故D项正确。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种本能解释了为什么同龄人的赞同和对不赞同的恐惧在许多人的生活中是如此强大的力量。A.
disapproval不赞同；B.
failure失败；C.
absence缺席；D.
independence独立。根据空前的“the
approval
of
peers”可知此处指“对不赞同的恐惧”，故A项正确。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这有一个实际的方面：它有助于社会有效运转，并鼓励人们普遍自律，简化人们之间的日常互动。A.
uncertain不确定的；B.
practical实际的；C.
impossible不可能的；D.
vague模糊的。空后说它有助于社会有效运转，并鼓励人们普遍自律，简化人们之间的日常互动，这是这种本能的一个实际的方面，故B项正确。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.
promotes提升；B.
prevents防止；C.
simplifies简化；D.
increases增加。面对陌生人问的“你好吗？”，简单地回答一个“好”字可以简化人们之间的日常互动，故C项正确。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对某些人来说，寻求社会认同是如此重要，以至于成为一种瘾。A.
challenge挑战；B.
inspiration灵感；C.
promise承诺；D.
addiction上瘾、沉溺。空后说为了满足这种欲望，他们可能会放弃自己的是非观，青少年和年轻人可能被迫使用毒品或加入鼓励犯罪行为的帮派，这说明对这些人来说，寻求社会认同已经成为了一种瘾，故D项正确。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义变辨析。句意：他们可能会放弃自己的是非观。A.
recognize承认；B.
abandon放弃；C.
decrease减少；D.
define定义。根据空后说的青少年和年轻人可能被迫使用毒品，或加入鼓励犯罪行为的帮派可知，他们可能会放弃自己的是非观，做出错误的决定，故B项正确。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。
句意：少年和年轻人可能被迫使用毒品，或加入鼓励犯罪行为的帮派。A.
avoid避免；B.
encourage鼓励；C.
decline
拒绝；D.
punish惩罚。根据常识可知，帮派通常都会鼓励犯罪行为，故B项正确。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成熟的成年人有时可能会感到压力，不得不掩盖自己所在公司的非法活动，或最终负债，因为他们无法抑制买房或买车以便赶上同龄人的欲望，而这些欲望是他们无法负担的。A.
pressured有压力的；B.
respected受尊重的；C.
delighted高兴的；D.
regretted后悔的。根据空后的“to
cover
up
illegal
activity
at
the
company
where
they
work”可知，他们不得不掩盖自己所在公司的非法活动是因为他们感到压力，故A项正确。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.
catch
sight
of看见；B.
stay
away
from远离；C.
make
fun
of取笑；D.
keep
up
with赶上。他们想买房或买车是为了赶上其他同龄人，故D项正确。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个学生的朋友学习很好，他可能会被敦促更努力学习，取得好成绩。A.
competitions竞赛；B.
interaction互动；C.
academics学术知识、学习；D.
adaptation适应。根据空后的“get
good
grades”可知此处指“学习”，故C项正确。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种影响也可以让朋友戒毒，帮助成年人养成好习惯或者戒掉坏习惯。A.
knowledge知识；B.
interest兴趣；C.
assistance援助；D.
influence影响。上文说一个学生的朋友学习很好，他可能会被敦促更努力学习，取得好成绩，这属于积极的影响，故D项正确。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然同龄人的压力有时是相当明显的，但它也可能是如此微妙，以至于一个人甚至可能没有注意到它正在影响他或她的行为。A.
abstract抽象的；B.
ridiculous荒谬的；C.
subtle微妙的；D.
reasonable合理的。空后说一个人甚至可能没有注意到同龄人的压力正在影响他或她的行为，这说明同龄人的压力有时是很微妙的，故C项正确。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，在做重要决定时，凭直觉行事是有风险的。A.
consciousness意识；B.
motivation动机；C.
instinct直觉、本能；D.
encouragement鼓励。空后说相反，人们应该认真考虑自己为什么会被某个特定的行为所吸引，真正的动机是否仅仅是其他人都在做同样的事情，因此我们不能仅凭直觉行事，故C项正确。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，人们应该认真考虑自己为什么会被某个特定的行为所吸引，真正的动机是否仅仅是其他人都在做同样的事情。A.
motivation动机；B.
danger危险；
C.
support支持；D.
achievement成就。根据空前的“Instead,
people
should
seriously
consider
why
they
feel
drawn
to
taking
a
particular
action”可知，人们应该认真考虑自己为什么会被某个特定的行为所吸引，自己跟着做的动机是否仅仅是因为别人都这么做，故A项正确。
【点睛】本篇第6空难度较大，抓住空后的举例是关键，根据空后的“in
order
to
satisfy
the
desire,
they
may
go
so
far
as
to
___7___their
sense
of
right
and
wrong.
Teens
and
young
adults
may
feel
forced
to
use
drugs,
or
join
gangs
that
___8___criminal
behavior.
”可知，为了满足这种欲望，他们可能会放弃自己的是非观，青少年和年轻人可能被迫使用毒品或加入鼓励犯罪行为的帮派，这些不良行为说明对这些人来说，寻求社会认同已经成为了一种瘾，故D项（addiction）正确。
Section
B
Directions:
Read
the
following
three
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
you
have
just
read.
(A)
Jack
London,
one
of
America’s
major
writers
of
adventure
tales,
was
born
in
California
in
1876.
During
his
life,
London
worked
at
many
jobs.
His
broad
life
experiences
would
become
the
background
for
his
writing.
London
loved
to
read.
As
a
teenager,
he
spent
many
hours
educating
himself
at
the
Oakland,
California,
public
library.
He
attended
college
at
the
University
of
California
at
Berkeley,
but
he
stayed
for
only
six
months.
He
thought
Berkeley
was
“not
lively
enough”
and
wanted
to
do
something
more
exciting.
London
wrote
stories
about
working
people
and
the
hard
times
they
had
making
a
living.
He
knew
their
problems
first
hand.
He
worked
as
a
sailor,
farmer,
factory
employee,
railroad
worker,
and
gold
prospector,
to
name
just
a
few
of
his
many
jobs.
London
grew
up
near
the
waterfront
in
Oakland.
He
loved
the
water.
When
he
was
fifteen
years
old,
he
bought
a
small
sailboat
called
a
sloop.
Later
he
sailed
to
Japan
on
a
schooner,
which
is
a
much
larger
sailing
boat.
Like
many
people
of
the
time,
London
caught
the
Klondike
Gold
Rush
Fever.
In
1897,
he
headed
for
Alaska.
He
didn’t
find
gold,
but
he
discovered
something
even
more
valuable.
He
discovered
that
people
enjoyed
listening
to
the
stories
he
made
up
with
his
vivid
imagination.
London
entertained
the
miners
with
story
after
story.
Later,
using
his
experiences
during
the
Gold
Rush,
he
created
many
more
colorful
stories.
London
resolved
to
live
a
full,
exciting
life.
He
once
said,
“I
would
rather
be
a
superb
meteor(流星),
every
atom
of
me
in
magnificent
glow,
than
a
sleepy
and
permanent
planet.”
Each
day,
he
pushed
himself.
Once
London
determined
that
he
was
going
to
be
a
writer,
nothing
could
stop
him.
His
goal
was
to
write
at
least
one
thousand
words
every
day.
He
refused
to
stop
even
when
he
was
sick.
In
eighteen
years,
the
writer
published
fifty-one
books
and
hundreds
of
articles.
He
was
the
best-selling
and
highest-paid
author
of
his
day.
Many
people
also
considered
him
to
be
the
best
writer.
White
Fang
and
The
Call
of
the
Wild
are
his
most
famous
stories
and
are
about
surviving
in
the
Alaskan
wilderness.
Readers
can
enjoy
Jack
London’s
energy
and
his
talent
for
telling
wonderful
stories
each
time
they
open
one
of
his
novels.
36.
Why
was
Jack
London
able
to
write
on
many
topics?
A.
He
pushed
himself
to
reach
goals.
B.
He
had
a
variety
of
experiences
and
jobs.
C.
He
was
drawn
to
the
Klondike
Gold
Rush.
D.
He
was
the
best-selling
and
highest-paid
author.
37.
What
prevented
Jack
London
from
finishing
college?
A.
That
he
was
hired
to
sail
to
Japan.
B.
That
he
traveled
to
Alaska
in
1897.
C.
That
he
spent
much
of
his
time
writing.
D.
That
he
was
not
interested
in
college
life
enough.
38.
The
underlined
sentence
in
the
last
paragraph
indicates
that
Jack
London______.
A.
is
expert
at
universe.
B.
aims
high
and
strive
to
succeed.
C.
is
excited
about
life
if
the
wildness.
D.
face
a
choice
between
life
and
death.
39.
What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
passage?
A.
To
support
the
statement
that
London
was
the
“best
writer?.
B.
To
describe
life
during
the
klondike
Gold
Rush.
C.
To
provide
information
on
Jack
‘s
life.
D.
To
identify
books
written
by
Jack
London.
【答案】36.
B
37.
D
38.
B
39.
C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了杰克·伦敦，一位美国作家，畅销小说"Call
of
the
Wild"(野性的呼唤)
及"White
Fang"(白牙)的作者，他也是名记者及社会运动家，支持社会主义及工会的建立。他有一句格言：人生不只是握有一副好牌，有时候也要把一副坏牌打好。
???
????
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段During
his
life,
London
worked
at
many
jobs.
His
broad
life
experiences
would
become
the
background
for
his
writing.得知，杰克·伦敦能写出很多话题是因为他有很多工作和很丰富的人生经历。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段He
attended
college
at
the
University
of
California
at
Berkeley,
but
he
stayed
for
only
six
months.
He
thought
Berkeley
was
“not
lively
enough”
and
wanted
to
do
something
more
exciting.得知，杰克·伦敦没有完成加州大学的学业，因为他认为这个大学生活不是那么有趣。故选D。
【38题详解】
句意猜测题。根据画线句后的Each
day,
he
pushed
himself.
Once
London
determined
that
he
was
going
to
be
a
writer,
nothing
could
stop
him.
His
goal
was
to
write
at
least
one
thousand
words
every
day.
He
refused
to
stop
even
when
he
was
sick.得知，杰克·伦敦目标远大，一旦他下定决心，就全力以赴。画线句是“宁化飞灰
不作浮尘”的意思。?故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文得知，本文介绍了美国作家杰克·伦敦的人生经历。故选C。
（B）
USING
YOUR
GOLDEN
ARROW
MULTIPURPOSE
CALCULATOR
TO
DETERMINE
THE
DATE
AND
TIME
AT
YOUR
LOCATION
AS
WELL
AS
LOCATIONS
AROUND
THE
GLOBE
SEETING
THE
DATE
AND
TIME
FOR
YOUR
LOCATION
Use
the
TIME
ZONE
chart
below
to
locate
code
that
corresponds
with
the
time
zone
in
which
you
live.
Select
the
major
city
that
shares
your
time
zone.
Press
the
code
that
corresponds
to
that
city
(e.g.
,if
you
live
in
Washington
,Oregon
California,
or
Nevada,
all
of
which
are
located
in
the
Pacific
time
zone,
you
would
choose
Los
Angeles
and
press
the
corresponding
code
which
is
the
1
key).
1.
Press
TIME
twice.
The
two
digits
representing
hours
will
begin
to
flash.
2.
Depress
and
hold
the
▲or▼
key
until
the
desired
hour
flashes.
Then
release.
3.
Press
SET.
The
two
digits
representing
minutes
will
begin
to
flash.
4.
Depress
and
hold
the
▲or▼
key
until
the
desired
minute
fleshes.
Then
release.
5.
Press
SET.
The
two
digits
representing
seconds
will
begin
to
flash.
6.
Depress
and
hold
the
▲or▼
key
until
00
flashes.
The
release.
7.
Press
SET.
To
set
the
year,
month,
and
day
press
DATE
three
times.
Then
repeat
steps
2
through
7.
NOTE:
At
this
point,
hour
,minutes
and
seconds
will
change
to
year,
month,
and
day.
DETERMINAING
DATE
AND
TIME
FOR
THE
WORLD’S16
TIME
ZONES
1.PRESS
ZONE
TWICE.
2.
Use
the
TIME
ZONE
chart
below
to
locate
the
code
that
corresponds
to
the
time
zone
for
which
you
desire
the
date
and
time.
Press
that
code
(e.g.
press
=
to
determine
the
date
and
time
in
Hong
Kong).
The
selected
date
and
time
will
alternately
display
for
10
seconds
and
then
return
automatically
to
your
home
date
and
time.
CODE
CITY
TIME
0
Honolulu
-10
1
Los
Angeles
-8
2
Denver
-7
3
Chicago
-6
4
New
York
-5
5
Rio
de
Janeiro
-3
6
London
0
7
Paris
+1
CODE
CITY
TIME
8
Cairo
+2
9
Moscow
+3
+
Karachi
+5
-
Bangkok
+7
=
Hong
Kong
+8
Tokyo
+9
/
Sydney
+10
#
Wellington
+12
40.
This
article
serves
to
explain
how
to
________.
A.
press
the
or
keys
to
adjust
time
B.
determine
the
time
zone
around
the
world
C.
set
global
locations
to
find
Pacific
time
zone
D.
use
the
calculator
to
display
time
date
and
location
41.
If
you
are
at
a
net
meeting
in
London
at
9
a.m.,
what
time
is
it
for
your
colleagues
in
Japan?
A.
9
p.m..
B.
6
p.m..
C.
11
a.m..
D.
8
a.m..
42.
What
sequence
of
steps
would
you
follow
to
check
the
time
in
Moscow?
A.
Press
ZONE
twice.
Press
9.
B.
Press
ZONE
twice.
Press+3.
C.
Press
ZONE
twice.
Press
9.Press+3.
D.
Press
ZONE
twice.
Press
9
three
times.
【答案】40.
D
41.
B
42.
A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。通过表格介绍了使用计算器定位与所在国家时区相对应的日期/时间和代码。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据USING
YOUR
GOLDEN
ARROW
MULTIPURPOSE
CALCULATOR
TO
DETERMINE
THE
DATE
AND
TIME
AT
YOUR
LOCATION
AS
WELL
AS
LOCATIONS
AROUND
THE
GLOBE
SEETING
THE
DATE
AND
TIME
FOR
YOUR
LOCATION得知，本文通过表格介绍了定位与所在国家时区相对应的日期/时间和代码。故选D。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据图表得知英国时差是0，日本时差是+9，上午9点加9小时是18点，也就是下午6点。故选B。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据DETERMINAING
DATE
AND
TIME
FOR
THE
WORLD’S16
TIME
ZONES1.PRESS
ZONE
TWICE.和题干的Moscow结合图表
9
Moscow
+3
得知，按ZONE两次，再按代码9，核实莫斯科的时间。故选A。
【点睛】阅读理解所设试题主要考查细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。考生首先要浏览短文后的小题题干，标出关键词（组），带着问题去阅读，能够做到心中有数，目的明确；然后再仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握细节信息，并标出能得出答案的有效信息。如第3小题What
sequence
of
steps
would
you
follow
to
check
the
time
in
Moscow?题干要求回答在查莫斯科时区是要遵守的步骤，题干关键词为in
Moscow?，那么我们在第二表格中
9
Moscow
+3
能找到对应点，于是我们知道了，答案是A。在这里提醒同学们，在做阅读理解题时，一定要细心，这样才能准确找到正确答案。
(C)
Progressives
often
support
diversity
missions
as
a
path
to
equality
and
a
way
to
level
the
playing
field.
But
all
too
often
such
policies
are
an
insincere
form
of
virtue-signaling
that
benefits
only
the
most
privileged
and
does
little
to
help
average
people.
A
pair
of
bills
sponsored
by
Massachusetts
state
Senator
Jason
Lewis
and
House
Speaker
Pro
Tempore
Patricia
Haddad,
to
ensure
"gender
equality"
on
boards
and
commissions,
provide
a
case
in
point.
Haddad
and
Lewis
are
concerned
that
more
than
half
the
state-government
board
are
less
than
40
percent
female.
In
order
to
ensure
that
elite
women
have
more
such
opportunities,
they
have
proposed
imposing
government
quotas（配额）.
If
the
bills
become
law,
state
boards
and
commissions
will
be
required
to
set
aside
50
percent
of
board
seats
for
women
by
2022.
The
bills
are
similar
to
a
measure
recently
adopted
in
California,
which
last
year
became
the
first
state
to
require
gender
quotas
for
private
companies.
In
signing
the
measure,
California
Governor
Jerry
Brown
admitted
that
the
law,
which
clearly
classifies
people
on
the
basis
of
sex,
is
probably
unconstitutional.
The
US
Supreme
Court
frowns
on
sex-based
classifications
unless
they
are
designed
to
address
an
"important"
policy
interest.
Because
the
California
law
applies
to
all
boards,
even
where
there
is
no
history
of
prior
discrimination,
courts
are
likely
to
rule
that
the
law
violates
the
constitutional
guarantee
of
"equal
protection".
But
are
such
government
mandates
even
necessary?
Female
participation
on
corporate
boards
may
not
currently
mirror
the
percentage
of
women
in
the
general
population,
but
so
what?
The
number
of
women
on
corporate
boards
has
been
steadily
increasing
without
government
interference.
According
to
a
study
by
Catalyst,
between
2010
and
2015
the
share
of
women
on
the
boards
of
global
corporations
increased
by
54
percent.
Requiring
companies
to
make
gender
the
primary
qualification
for
board
membership
will
inevitably
lead
to
less
experienced
private
sector
boards.
That
is
exactly
what
happened
when
Norway
adopted
a
nationwide
corporate
gender
quota.
Writing
in
The
New
Republic,
Alice
Lee
notes
that
increasing
the
number
of
opportunities
for
board
membership
without
increasing
the
pool
of
qualified
women
to
serve
on
such
boards
has
led
to
a
"golden
skirt
"phenomenon,
where
the
same
elite
women
occupy
multiple
seats
on
a
variety
of
boards.
Next
time
somebody
pushes
corporate
quotas
as
a
way
to
promote
gender
equity,
remember
that
such
policies
are
largely
self-serving
measures
that
make
their
sponsors
feel
good
but
do
little
to
help
average
women.
43.
The
author
believes
that
the
bills
sponsored
by
Lewis
and
Haddad
will
__________.
A.
help
little
to
reduce
gender
bias.
B.
pose
a
threat
to
the
state
government.
C.
raise
women's
position
in
politics.
D.
greatly
broaden
career
options.
44.
The
author
mentions
the
study
by
Catalyst
to
illustrate
__________.
A.
the
harm
from
absolute
board
decision.
B.
the
importance
of
constitutional
guarantees.
C.
the
pressure
on
women
in
global
corporations.
D.
the
needlessness
of
government
interventions.
45.
Norway's
adoption
of
a
nationwide
corporate
gender
quota
has
led
to
__________.
A.
the
underestimation
of
elite
women's
role
B.
the
objection
to
female
participation
on
boards.
C.
the
entry
of
unqualified
candidates
into
the
board.
D.
the
growing
tension
between
labor
and
management.
46.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
inferred
from
the
text?
A.
Women's
need
in
employment
should
be
considered.
B.
Feasibility
should
be
a
prime
concern
in
policy
making.
C.
Everyone
should
try
hard
to
promote
social
justice.
D.
Major
social
issues
should
be
the
focus
of
the
government.
【答案】43.
A
44.
D
45.
C
46.
B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了美国的某些法案只对有特权的人有利，而可行性才应该是制定政策时首要考虑的问题。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第三段“In
order
to
ensure
that
elite
women
have
more
such
opportunities,
they
have
proposed
imposing
government
quotas（配额）.”（为了确保精英女性有更多这样的机会，她们提议实行政府配额制。）以及文章最后一段“Next
time
somebody
pushes
corporate
quotas
as
a
way
to
promote
gender
equity,
remember
that
such
policies
are
largely
self-serving
measures
that
make
their
sponsors
feel
good
but
do
little
to
help
average
women.”（
下次有人把企业配额作为促进两性平等的一种方式来推行时，请记住，这样的政策基本上是自私自利的措施，让赞助者感觉良好，但对普通女性几乎没有帮助。）可知他们提出的法案对减少性别偏见帮助不大。故选A项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。文章第七段“The
number
of
women
on
corporate
boards
has
been
steadily
increasing
without
government
interference.
According
to
a
study
by
Catalyst,
between
2010
and
2015
the
share
of
women
on
the
boards
of
global
corporations
increased
by
54
percent.”（
在没有政府干预的情况下，公司董事会中的女性人数一直在稳步增加。Catalyst的一项研究显示，2010年至2015年间，全球企业董事会中女性的比例增加了54%。）可知政府的干预是没有必要的。故选D项。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第八段最后一句“Requiring
companies
to
make
gender
the
primary
qualification
for
board
membership
will
inevitably
lead
to
less
experienced
private
sector
boards.
That
is
exactly
what
happened
when
Norway
adopted
a
nationwide
corporate
gender
quota.”（要求公司将性别作为董事会成员资格的首要条件，将不可避免地导致私营部门董事会经验不足。这正是挪威采用全国性企业性别配额时所发生的情况。）以及后文“increasing
the
number
of
opportunities
for
board
membership
without
increasing
the
pool
of
qualified
women
to
serve
on
such
boards”
（增加董事会成员的机会而不增加合格女性在此类董事会任职的人数。）可知挪威通过了全国性的企业性别配额，导致不合格的候选人进入董事会。故选C项。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Next
time
somebody
pushes
corporate
quotas
as
a
way
to
promote
gender
equity,
remember
that
such
policies
are
largely
self-serving
measures
that
make
their
sponsors
feel
good
but
do
little
to
help
average
women.（下次有人把企业配额作为促进性别平等的一种方式来推行时，请记住，这类政策在很大程度上是自私的措施，它们让赞助者感觉良好，但对普通女性几乎没有帮助）可推知可行性应该是制定政策时首要考虑的问题。故选B项。
Section
C
Directions:
Read
the
following
passage.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
sentence
given
in
the
box.
Each
sentence
can
be
used
only
once.
Note
that
there
are
two
more
sentences
than
you
read.
Many
people
go
through
life's
usual
phases
of
ups
and
downs，which
are
common
and
normal
stages
in
life,
but
when
your
self-esteem
is
low,
you
may
need
to
know
how
to
boost
your
self-esteem,
since
it
can
lead
to
problems
you
may
not
have
thought
of.
Self-esteem
is
the
measurement
or
the
value
of
how
a
person
knows
his
worth
and
its
effects
are
life-changing
and
dramatic,
since
it
makes
up
a
person’s
attitude
and
outlook
towards
life.
____47____
But
when
self-esteem
is
low,
you
can
either
sulk
and
be
sad
or
be
afraid
to
try
out
new
things
or
take
risks
and
chances
with
your
love-life,
career,
relationships
and
self-improvement.
Faced
with
tough
decisions
in
life,
the
more
self-esteem
one
has,
the
better.
It
is
for
that
person
to
make
sound
decisions,
even
in
the
face
of
peer
pressure
or
stress
at
work
and
at
home.
Let
us
try
to
look
into
some
of
the
common
and
best
practices
which
have
been
tried
and
tested
to
help
boost
self-esteem.
Always
compliment
yourself
daily,
especially
by
trying
to
look
for
specific
tasks
you
did
well
for
that
day
and
congratulate
yourself
for
it.
_____48_____
List
down
all
things
you
are
good
at
doing
and
achieving,
be
it
a
talent,
skill,
sport
or
building
up
other
people.
Appreciation
of
one’s
physical
appearance
and
bearing
can
also
be
your
source
of
self-esteem,
be
it
the
size
and
shape
of
your
body,
your
overall
physical
structure
or
unique
features.
Your
body
can
be
your
source
of
pride
and
will
help
you
understand
how
you
would
like
others
to
see
you,
or
work
on
your
physical
appearance
to
boost
self-morale
and
satisfaction.
Sometimes
when
you
tend
to
see
things
in
a
different
light
or
perspective
from
others,
don’t
focus
too
much
on
making
sure
that
what
you
think
will
cause
things
to
change.______49______
When
you
have
good
self-esteem
you
will
realize
that
what
you
did
was
right
and
was
made
under
your
own
food
judgment,
sound
principles
and
concepts
based
on
your
personal
outlook
and
attitude
towards
life.
Do
not
let
negative
feedback
affect
you.
Of
course,
one
cannot
help
but
feel
bad
about
negative
comments
or
reactions,
but
you
have
to
consider
that
these
are
tests
against
your
character
and
personality.
_____50_____
So
try
to
look
at
yourself
and
see,
and
if
you
feel
less
important
or
are
not
satisfied
with
how
you
see
and
look
at
things,
then
think
about
ways
on
how
to
boost
your
self-esteem.
You’ll
thank
yourself
for
it.
A.
It
is
you
yourself
not
anybody
else
that
can
correct
your
Self-esteem.
B.
Simply
put,
self-esteem
is
the
fuel
that
makes
you
feel
important
or
loved
by
others.
C.
More
often
times
it
will
not,
but
don’t
let
that
cloud
your
perception
about
yourself.
D.
Now
that
we’ve
covered
those
aspects
of
self-esteem,
let’s
turn
to
some
of
the
other
factors
that
need
to
be
considered.
E.
It
will
give
you
a
regular
motivation
to
work
harder
and
better
to
improve
yourself
and
develop
your
sense
of
maturity
as
a
person.
F.
When
your
self-esteem
is
high,
you
are
less
likely
to
be
affected
by
these
situations.
【答案】47.
B
48.
E
49.
C
50.
F
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章说明了自尊对我们的重要性以及如何提高自尊。
【47题详解】
通过上文“Self-esteem
is
the
measurement
or
the
value
of
how
a
person
knows
his
worth
and
its
effects
are
life-changing
and
dramatic,
since
it
makes
up
a
person’s
attitude
and
outlook
towards
life.（自尊是衡量一个人如何认识自己价值的尺度或价值，它的影响是生活的改变和戏剧性的，因为它构成了一个人对生活的态度和看法。）”说明了对自尊的定义。以及下文失去自尊心会导致的后果，联系上下文可以得知，本空考察的是自尊心对我们的作用。
feel
important
or
loved
by
others.呼应the
measurement
or
the
value。故选B项。
【48题详解】
上文“Always
compliment
yourself
daily,
especially
by
trying
to
look
for
specific
tasks
you
did
well
for
that
day
and
congratulate
yourself
for
it.（每天都要赞美自己，特别是要努力寻找当天做得很好的具体任务，并为此祝贺自己。）”指出了一些常用的和最佳的提高自尊做法，可知本空想表达的是这些做法对提升自尊心的有利之处，即它会给你一个经常性的动力，让你更加努力，更好地提高自己，培养你作为一个人的成熟感。故选E项。
【49题详解】
通过上文“Sometimes
when
you
tend
to
see
things
in
a
different
light
or
perspective
from
others,
don’t
focus
too
much
on
making
sure
that
what
you
think
will
cause
things
to
change.（有时候，当你想从别人的不同角度看问题时，不要太在意自己的想法是否会改变事情。）”以及后文“When
you
have
good
self-esteem
you
will
realize
that
what
you
did
was
right
and
was
made
under
your
own
food
judgment,
sound
principles
and
concepts
based
on
your
personal
outlook
and
attitude
towards
life.（当你有了良好的自尊心，你就会意识到你所做的是正确的，是在你自己的饮食判断、基于你个人的人生观和态度的合理原则和观念下做出的。）”联系上下文得知，即使自己的想法不会影响事情发展过程，也要保持良好自尊心，坚持自己看法，不要过分在意能否改变。故C选项“通常情况下不会，但是不要让它影响你对自己的认知。”切题。but
don’t
let
that
cloud
your
perception
about
yourself.呼应you
have
good
self-esteem
。故选C项。
【50题详解】
通过本段第一句“Do
not
let
negative
feedback
affect
you.
Of
course,
one
cannot
help
but
feel
bad
about
negative
comments
or
reactions,
but
you
have
to
consider
that
these
are
tests
against
your
character
and
personality.
（不要让负面评论影响你。当然，对于负面的评论或反应，人们会情不自禁地感到难过，但你必须考虑到，这些都是对你的性格和个性的考验。）”
说明负面评论会对人有影响；选项承接上文继续说明那种情况下，不受负面的影响。选项F指出当你的自尊很高时，你就不太可能受到这些负面因素的影响。符合语境。negative
feedback呼应
be
affected
by
these
situations。故选F项。
IV.
Summary
Writing
51.
Directions:
Read
the
following
passage.
Summarize
the
main
idea
and
the
main
point(s)
of
the
passage
in
no
more
than
60
words.
Use
your
own
words
as
far
as
possible.
The
Zeigarnik
Effect
Have
you
ever
found
yourself
thinking
about
a
partially
finished
project
for
school
or
work
when
you
were
trying
to
focus
on
other
things?
Or
perhaps
you
wondered
what
would
happen
next
in
your
favorite
TV
show
or
film
series.
If
you
have,
you’ve
experienced
the
Zeigarnik
effect.
You
tend
to
remember
unfinished
tasks
better
than
finished
tasks.
Knowledge
of
the
Zeigarnik
effect
can
be
put
into
use
in
everyday
life.
The
effect
is
especially
well
suited
for
helping
overcome
procrastination
or
delaying
an
action
to
a
later
time.
We
often
put
off
big
tasks
that
seem
overwhelming.
However,
the
Zeigarnik
effect
suggests
that
the
key
to
overcoming
procrastination
is
to
just
get
started.
The
first
step
could
be
something
small
and
seemingly
insignificant.
In
fact,
it’s
probably
best
if
it’s
something
fairly
easy.
The
Zeigarnik
effect
can
be
useful
for
students
who
are
studying
for
an
exam.
The
effect
tells
us
that
breaking
up
study
periods
can
actually
improve
recall.
So
instead
of
cramming
for
an
exam
all
in
one
sitting,
breaks
should
be
scheduled
in
which
the
student
focuses
on
something
else.
This
will
cause
intrusive（侵入的）thoughts,
enabling
students
to
rehearse
and
consolidate
the
information
that
must
be
remembered,
leading
to
better
recall
when
they
take
the
exam.
The
Zeigarnik
effect
also
points
to
reasons
why
people
may
experience
mental
health
problems.
If
an
individual
leaves
important
tasks
incomplete,
the
intrusive
thoughts
that
result
can
lead
to
stress,
anxiety,
difficulty
sleeping,
and
emotional
distress.
Conversely,
completing
a
task
can
give
an
individual
a
sense
of
accomplishment
and
lead
to
a
feeling
of
closure
that
can
improve
psychological
well
-
being.
The
Zeigarnik
effect
can
actually
be
used
to
positively
impact
your
work
productivity.
【答案】The
Zeigarnik
effect,
the
tendency
to
remember
incomplete
tasks
better
than
complete
ones,
is
useful
in
daily
life.
Firstly,
it
can
keep
people
from
putting
off
things
when
they
start
with
a
small
step.
Besides,
it
encourages
breaks
in
students’
study,
thus
improving
recall
in
exams.
Thirdly,
it
promotes
mental
health
by
providing
the
motivation
needed
to
finish
tasks.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求概括蔡加尼克效应在日常生活中很有用。首先，它可以让人们在开始做一件小事的时候不拖延；此外，它还鼓励学生在学习时休息，从而提高考试时的记忆力；最后，它能够通过提供完成任务所需的动机来促进心理健康，注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。
【详解】1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。
2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。
3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。
4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。
V.
Translation
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
52.
庆祝活动分散了公众对政府所面临的问题的注意力。
(distract)(汉译英)
【答案】The
celebration
distracted
the
public’s
attention
from
the
problem
which/that
the
government
is
facing.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词，时态，短语和定语从句。表示“庆祝活动”用名词celebration；表示“分散”用动词distract，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时；表示“分散了公众的注意力”短语为distract
the
public’s
attention
from…；“问题”表达为problem；“政府所面临的”为修饰problem的定语从句，表示“政府”用名词government；表示“面对”用动词face，且动作正在进行，用现在进行时，从句缺少宾语，应用关系代词which/that。再结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为The
celebration
distracted
the
public’s
attention
from
the
problem
which/that
the
government
is
facing。
53.
现在就预定展览会的门票，你就有可能欣赏到众多的艺术作品。（chance）(汉译英)
【答案】You’ll
get
the
chance
of
appreciating
numerous
artworks
if
you
book
the
ticket
for
the
exhibition
now.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句、名词和短语。表示“预定”动词为book，表示“得到……的机会”短语为get
the
chance
of…且if引导真实条件句，主句时态为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；表示“展览会的门票”短语为the
ticket
for
the
exhibition；表示“欣赏”用动词appreciate，且其位于介词of后，用-ing形式；表示“众多的艺术作品”用短语numerous
artworks，故翻译为You’ll
get
the
chance
of
appreciating
numerous
artworks
if
you
book
the
ticket
for
the
exhibition
now。
54.
实际上，根据有关报道说，长期以来，很多沿海城市和港口受到重工业所产生的化学物品和其他有害物质的污染。(report
v)
(汉译英)
【答案】Actually/In
fact,
many
coastal
cities
and
ports
are
reported
to
have
long
been
polluted
by
chemicals
and
other
harmful
things
from
heavy
industries.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态、语态、短语和名词。表示“实际上”用副词actually或短语in
fact；表示“很多沿海城市和港口”短语为many
coastal
cities
and
ports；表示“据报道”短语为be
reported
to
do…，其和主语many
coastal
cities
and
ports为被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时；表示“污染”用动词pollute，其为非谓语动词，和逻辑主语为被动关系，且动作发生在谓动report之前，故用不定式的完成式；表示“重工业”短语为heavy
industries；表示“化学物品和其他有害物质”短语为chemicals
and
other
harmful
things。故翻译为Actually/In
fact,
many
coastal
cities
and
ports
are
reported
to
have
long
been
polluted
by
chemicals
and
other
harmful
things
from
heavy
industries。
55.
只有鼓励高中生多参加社区活动，他们才能放松身心，扩宽视野、增强更好服务于他人的意识。
（Only）(汉译英)
【答案】Only
by
encouraging
senior
high
school
students
to
take
part
in
more
community
activities
can
they
relax
(themselves)
physically
and
mentally,
broaden/expand/widen
their
horizons
and
raise/enhance
their
awareness/sense
of
better
serving
others.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查倒装句、短语和动词。表示“鼓励”用动词encourage，且其前有介词by，故用动名词形式；表示“参加”用动词take
part
in；表示“高中生”短语为senior
high
school
students；表示“社区活动”短语为community
activities；表示“放松身心”短语为relax
(themselves)
physically
and
mentally；表示“扩宽视野”短语为broaden/expand/widen
their
horizons；表示“服务于他人的意识”短语为awareness/sense
of
better
serving
others；表示“只有”用only，且“only+
状语”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装结构；根据汉语提示可知，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。再结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Only
by
encouraging
senior
high
school
students
to
take
part
in
more
community
activities
can
they
relax
(themselves)
physically
and
mentally,
broaden/expand/widen
their
horizons
and
raise/enhance
their
awareness/sense
of
better
serving
others。
56.
约翰一打开最新一期的上海中学生报，就看到了马拉多纳（Maradona）因突发心脏病去世的消息，这使他突然大哭。(burst)
(汉译英)
【答案】As
soon
as
John
opened/unfolded
the
current
issue
of
Shanghai
Students’
Post
,
he
read
the
news
that
Maradona
had
died
of
a
sudden
heart
attack,
which
made
him
burst
into
tears/burst
out
crying.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和非限定从。表示“一……就……”短语为as
soon
as；表示“打开”用动词open/unfold、表示“看（报）”用动词read，且短语as
soon
as引导的时间状从，紧接着发生的两个短动作，主从句都用一般过去时；表示“最新一期的上海中学生报”短语为the
current
issue
of
Shanghai
Students’
Post；表示“因……而去世”短语为die
of，且动作发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时；表示“突然大哭”短语为burst
into
tears/burst
out
crying；表示“这使他突然大哭。”需用非限定从，从句缺主语，且指代前面整件事，用关系代词which。再结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为As
soon
as
John
opened/unfolded
the
current
issue
of
Shanghai
Students’
Post
,
he
read
the
news
that
Maradona
had
died
of
a
sudden
heart
attack,
which
made
him
burst
into
tears/burst
out
crying。
VI.
Guided
Writing
57.
Directions:
Write
an
English
composition
in
120-150
words
according
to
the
instructions
given
below
in
Chinese.
校学生会正在评选新一届学生会主席，假设你是该校的学生李青，有意参加竞选。写一份自荐材料，材料必须包括以下内容：
●简述个人信息及你所具备的竞选条件（能力、性格、爱好等）；
●如果当选，请你用具体事例阐述你将会为本校学生做些什么？
注意：自荐材料中不得使用你的真实名字。
【答案】Dear
Sir/Madam,
I
am
a
student
named
Li
Qing
from
Grade
3
Class
1,
writing
this
letter
to
campaign
for
the
president
of
the
Student
Union.
From
my
point
of
view,
I
am
the
right
one
you
want.
I’ve
been
in
the
Student
Union
for
two
years,
serving
as
a
key
member
in
the
Publicity
Department.
Moreover,
I
am
outgoing
and
capable
of
having
effective
talks
with
others.
When
in
charge
of
the
Publicity
Department,
I
always
help
the
former
president
to
organize
large-scale
activities.
In
addition,
I
am
fond
of
making
friends
and
taking
new
challenges,
which
will
facilitate
my
future
role
as
a
president.
If
given
this
position,
I
will
do
my
utmost.
On
one
hand,
I
will
hold
more
interesting
and
meaningful
activities,
such
as
culture
festivals,
singing
competitions,
debates
and
so
forth,
so
as
to
enrich
campus
life.
On
the
other
hand,
what
I
will
do
is
to
call
for
students
to
protect
our
campus
environment,
for
I
firmly
believe
that
a
pleasant
environment
is
of
vital
importance
to
every
student
and
teacher.
I
will
appreciate
your
kindness
if
you
choose
me
as
the
new
president.
And
your
prompt
reply
is
warmly
welcomed.
Best
regards
Li
Qing
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为竞选新一届学生会主席，写一份自荐材料。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，少量现在完成时。
结构：阐述写信目的——简述个人信息和具备的竞争条件——具体阐述将会为本校学生做什么——表达感激及盼望回复之情。
要求：
1.
详细描写自己在竞选中具备的才能及优势。
2.
具体描述自己当选后，将会为本校学生的发展提升做哪些事。
第二步:列提纲（重点词组）
campaign
for；from
my
point
of
view；be
capable
of；in
charge
of；In
addition；be
fond
of；take
challenges；do
one’s
utmost；on
one
hand；such
as；on
the
other
hand；and
so
forth
；call
for。
第三步：连词成句
1.
I
am
a
student
named
Li
Qing
from
Grade
3
Class
1,
writing
this
letter
to
campaign
for
the
president
of
the
Student
Union.
2.
I’ve
been
in
the
Student
Union
for
two
years,
serving
as
a
key
member
in
the
Publicity
Department.
3.
I
am
outgoing
and
capable
of
having
effective
talks
with
others.
4.
When
in
charge
of
the
Publicity
Department,
I
always
help
the
former
president
to
organize
large-scale
activities.
5.
I
am
fond
of
making
friends
and
taking
new
challenges,
which
will
facilitate
my
future
role
as
a
president.
6.
If
given
this
position,
I
will
do
my
utmost.
7.
I
will
hold
more
interesting
and
meaningful
activities,
such
as
culture
festivals,
singing
competitions,
debates
and
so
forth,
so
as
to
enrich
campus
life.
8.
What
I
will
do
is
to
call
for
students
to
protect
our
campus
environment,
for
I
firmly
believe
that
a
pleasant
environment
is
of
vital
importance
to
every
student
and
teacher.
9.
I
will
appreciate
your
kindness
if
you
choose
me
as
the
new
president.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First
of
all,
Firstly/First,
Secondly/Second…
And
then,
Finally,
In
the
end,
At
last（供参考）
2.表并列补充关系：Moreover，In
addition；
3.表转折对比关系：On
one
hand…,On
the
other
hand…；
4.表因果关系：Because,
As,
So,
Thus,
Therefore,
As
a
result
（供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I’ve
been
in
the
Student
Union
for
two
years,
serving
as
a
key
member
in
the
Publicity
Department.（现在分词短语作伴随状语。）
[高分句型2]
In
addition,
I
am
fond
of
making
friends
and
taking
new
challenges,
which
will
facilitate
my
future
role
as
a
president.（关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。）
[高分句型3]
If
given
this
position,
I
will
do
my
utmost.（条件状语从句的省略。）
