2019学年第二学期七宝中学英语期中考试卷
满分分值：150分
完卷时间：120分钟
I.
Listening
Comprehension
(25’)
Section
A
(10’)
Directions:
In
Part
A,
you
will
hear
ten
short
conversations
between
two
speakers.
At
the
end
of
each
conversation,
a
question
will
be
asked
about
what
was
said.
The
conversations
and
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
After
you
hear
a
conversation
and
the
question
about
it,
read
the
four
possible
answers
on
your
paper,
and
decide
which
one
is
the
best
answer
to
the
question
you
have
heard.
1.
A.
Use
a
ladder
to
help
her
reach
the
cup.
B.
See
a
doctor
about
her
shoulder.
C.
Put
the
cup
on
a
lower
shelf.
D.
Buy
a
new
cupboard.
2.
A.
He
has
already
called
Harry.
B.
Harry
knows
most
of
the
facts.
C.
He
needs
to
talk
to
Harry
soon.
D.
Harry
doesn’t
have
a
telephone.
3.
A.
The
new
doctor
lacks
experience.
B.
She
disagrees
with
what
the
man
said.
C.
The
man
had
better
talk
with
the
patients
first.
D.
Patients
usually
cannot
offer
a
fair
evaluation.
4.
A.
Take
the
man
to
the
station.
B.
Look
after
the
man’s
things.
C.
Find
out
when
the
next
bus
leaves.
D.
Show
the
man
the
way
to
the
station.
5.
A.
He
was
good
at
fixing
up
bookshelves.
B.
He
helped
James
build
up
the
furniture.
C.
James
helped
him
arrange
the
furniture.
D.
James
helped
him
with
some
of
the
work.
6.
A.
It’s
difficult
to
take
photographs
indoors.
B.
The
photo
album
is
in
the
living
room.
C.
Mary
has
lost
the
photo
album.
D.
Mary
is
a
good
photographer.
7.
A.
The
job’s
short
hours
make
it
impossible
for
her
to
refuse.
B.
The
job
is
turning
into
an
excellent
opportunity
for
her.
C.
She’s
looking
forward
to
meeting
her
new
colleagues.
D.
She
refused
the
position
because
of
the
low
salary.
8.
A.
He
had
to
do
what
is
necessary
in
order
to
learn.
B
He
doesn’t
have
to
memorize
all
the
vocabulary.
C.
He
knows
the
whole
vocabulary
list
already.
D.
He
cannot
learn
much
by
just
memorizing.
9.
A.
It’s
not
the
one
he
likes.
B.
He
needs
a
smaller
shirt.
C.
It
doesn’t
fit
him
very
well.
D.
He
hasn’t
had
time
to
try
it
on
yet.
10.
A.
The
line
for
concert
tickets
is
too
busy.
B.
He’s
too
busy
to
go
to
the
concert.
C.
Carl
knows
the
concert
is
at
eight.
D.
He
hasn’t
been
able
to
reach
Carl.
Section
B
(20’)
Directions:
In
Section
B,
you
will
hear
two
short
passages
and
one
longer
conversation,
and
you
will
be
asked
three
questions
on
each
of
the
passages
and
the
conversation.
The
passages
and
the
conversation
will
be
read
twice,
but
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
When
you
hear
a
question,
read
the
four
possible
answers
on
your
paper
and
decide
which
one
would
be
the
best
answer
to
the
question
you
have
heard.
Questions
11
through
13
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
11.
A.
In
the
19th
century.
B.
In
about
1800s.
C.
In
the
18th
century.
D.
In
about
2400
BC.
12.
A.
The
language
used.
B.
The
targeted
readers.
C.
The
reputation.
D.
The
length.
13.
A.
The
evolution
of
self-study
books.
B.
The
importance
of
self-study
books.
C.
The
difference
among
self-study
books.
D.
The
famous
writers
of
self-study
books.
Questions
14
through
16
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
14.
A.
The
reasons
railroad
regulations
in
the
U.S.A
were
changed.
B.
The
safety
record
of
the
railroad
industry
in
the
U.S.A.
C.
The
financing
of
railroad
construction
in
the
U.S.A.
D.
The
evolution
of
the
railroad
industry
in
the
U.S.A.
15.
A.
Safety
problems
with
railroad
tracks.
B.
The
growth
of
the
automotive
industry.
C.
The
use
of
oversized
freight
containers.
D.
The
high
cost
of
meeting
various
regulations.
16.
A.
It
causes
less
air
pollution
than
other
means
of
transport.
B.
Its
competitors
are
less
considerate
of
customers.
C.
It
creates
great
personal
fortunes
for
investors.
D.
Its
business
is
kept
in
a
traditional
way.
Questions
17
through
20
are
based
on
the
following
conversation.
17.
A.
To
earn
money
for
her
tuition.
B.
To
make
her
dream
come
true.
C.
To
make
preparations
for
her
future
job.
D.
To
ensure
that
she
has
time
for
acting
work.
18.
A.
Serious.
B.
Funny.
C.
Experienced.
D.
Demanding.
19.
A.
It
involves
many
theories.
B.
He
must
get
an
advanced
camera.
C.
He
hasn’t
learned
physics
before.
D.
It
occupies
much
of
his
spare
time.
20.
A.
He
is
more
willing
to
do
something.
B.
He
has
stopped
working
late.
C.
He
can
go
to
sleep
early.
D.
He
feels
more
relaxed.
Ⅱ.
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
(20’)
Section
A
(15’)
(A)
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
The
2020
Championships
Wimbledon
have
been
canceled
____1____
public
health
concerns
linked
to
the
coronavirus
epidemic.
The
Championships
____2____(schedule)
to
be
held
from
Monday,
June
29
through
Sunday,
July
12.
The134thtournament
will
be
held
(hold)
between
June
28
and
July
11,
2021.
“This
is
a
decision
we
have
not
taken
lightly
and
we
have
done
so
with
the
highest
regard
for
public
health
and
the
well-being
of
all
those____3____
come
together
to
make
Wimbledon
happen,”
AELTC
chairman
Ian
Hewitt
said.
“It
_____4_____
(weigh)
heavily
on
our
minds
that
the
staging
of
The
Championships
has
only
been
interrupted
previously
by
World
Wars
but,
____5____(follow)
thorough
and
extensive
consideration
of
all
scenarios,
we
believe
that
it
is
a
measure
of
this
global
crisis
and
____6____
it
is
ultimately
the
right
decision
to
cancel
this
year’s
Championships,
and
instead
concentrate
on
_____7_____
we
can
use
the
breadth
of
Wimbledon’s
resources
to
help
those
in
our
local
communities
and
beyond.
(B)
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
A
new
era
of
computing
may
be
upon
us
as
Google
claims
its
Sycamore
computer
has
achieved
quantum
supremacy
(量子霸权).
But
what
is
quantum
supremacy,
and
what
does
it
mean
for
the
future?
Quantum
supremacy
is
a
scientific
term.
It
means
that
a
quantum
computer
has
solved
a
problem
that
a
classical
computer
would
take
too
much
time
and
energy
to
do.
____8____
(publish)
in
the
journal
Nature
on
Oct
23,
Google
tasked
a
computer
with
finding
mathematical
probabilities
of
different
“events”.
The
events
were
specific
values
from
a
random
number
generator.
Sycamore
successfully
picked
out
strings
(系列)
of
numbers
that
were
_____9_____
(likely)
to
occur
than
others,
running
the
test
1
million
times
in
200
seconds.
In
their
research,
Google
claims
that
the
world’s
best
supercomputer
would
have
taken
10,000
years
____10____(solve)
the
same
problem.
However,
Google’s
claims
were
questioned
by
rival
company
IBM,
who
argued
the
same
test
_____11_____
have
been
completed
in
2.5
days
by
its
Summit
supercomputer.
What
is
quantum
computing?
The
major
difference
between
quantum
and
classic
computers
is
in
how
they
record
and
transmit
information.
Classic
computers,
from
your
laptop
to
your
phone
to
a
NASA
supercomputer,
use
bits.
Each
bit
has
a
state
of
either
zero
or
one
(on
or
off)
and
completes
each
operation
one-at-a-time.
However,
quantum
computers,
like
Google’s
Sycamore,
use
quantum
bits
–
called
qubits
(量子位).
These
can
be
both
zero
and
one
at
the
same
time,
allowing
them
to
hold
more
data
and
work
together
to
solve
problems
simultaneously.
Google’s
experiment
has
been
applauded
____12____
a
major
breakthrough.
It
is
a
stepping-stone
toward
a
big
dream.
Currently,
quantum
computers
are
within
the
next
decade.
Tech
reporter
Jacob
Ward
told
NBC
News,
“This
could
revolutionize
our
every
little
real-world
value,
but
that
can
all
change
whole
lives.
We’re
talking
about
the
development
of
new
medicines,
materials,
artificial
intelligence,
all
of
which,
right
now,
____13____
(depend)
on
a
very
limited
language
of
computing.?”
While
quantum
may
not
be
close
to
____14____
(change)
our
everyday
lives
right
now,
it
has
been
compared
to
the
first
rocket
to
reach
space.
It
may
be
a
generation
_____15_____
quantum
computers
become
mainstream,
so
who
can
say
what
humans
might
achieve
with
the
new
technology?
Section
B
(20’)
(A)
Directions:
Complete
the
following
passage
by
using
the
words
in
the
box.
Each
word
can
only
be
used
once.
Note
that
there
is
one
word
more
than
you
need.
A
tiger
at
the
Bronx
Zoo
in
New
York
City
has
tested
positive
for
the
respiratory
disease
caused
by
the
novel
coronavirus,
becoming
the
first
known
case
of
human-animal
_____16_____,
the
zoo's
chief
veterinarian
said
on
Sunday.
Nadia,
the
4-year-old
Malayan
tiger
that
tested
positive,
was
_____17_____
for
the
COVID-19
disease
after
_____18_____
a
dry
cough
along
with
three
other
tigers
and
three
lions,
the
Wildlife
Conservation
Society,
which
manages
the
zoo,
said
in
a
statement.
All
of
the
cats
are
expected
to
recover,
it
said.
But
officials
believe
this
is
a
unique
case
because
Nadia
became
sick
after
_____19_____
to
an
asymptomatic
zoo
employee,
Paul
Calle,
chief
veterinarian
at
the
Bronx
Zoo,
told
Reuters.
Calle
said
they
did
not
know
which
employee
infected
the
tiger.
"This
is
the
first
time
that
we
have
discovered
that
a
person
infects
the
animal
and
the
animal
gets
sick,"
Calle
said,
adding
that
they
planned
to
share
the
findings
with
other
zoos
and
institutions.
"
I
guess
_____20_____
we
will
all
have
a
better
understanding
as
a
result.
While
the
other
tigers
and
lions
were
also
____21____
symptoms,
the
zoo
decided
to
test
only
Nadia
because
she
was
the
sickest
and
had
started
to
lose
her
appetite
already,
and
they
did
not
want
to
____22____
all
the
cats
to
anesthesia(麻醉),
Calle
said.
Nadia
_____23_____
X-rays,
an
ultrasound(超声波)
and
blood
tests
to
try
to
figure
out
what
was
making
her
sick
.
They
decided
to
test
for
COVID-19
____24____
the
surge
in
cases
in
New
York
City,
the
epicenter
of
the
outbreak
in
the
United
States.The
first
tiger
at
the
zoo,
which
has
been
shut
since
mid-March,
began
showing
_______25_______
of
illness
on
March
27,
according
to
the
US
Department
of
Agriculture
National
Veterinary
Services
Laboratories.
(B)
Directions:
Complete
the
following
passage
by
using
the
words
in
the
box.
Each
word
can
only
be
used
once.
Note
that
there
is
one
word
more
than
you
need.
Driving
an
electric
car
____26____
to
the
protection
of
environment,
or
so
the
marketing
departments
of
their
makers
would
have
you
believe.
Yet
a
report
which
analyzes
car
emissions
presents
a
rather
different
picture.
A
battery-powered
car
recharged
with
____27____
generated
by
coal-fired
power
stations,
it
found,
is
likely
to
be
more
harmful.
It
could
cause
more
than
three
times
as
many
deaths
from
pollution
as
a
____28____
petrol-driven
vehicle.
The
study
was
carried
out
by
the
University
of
Minnesota.
The
researchers
estimated
how
levels
of
fine
particulate
matter
(细颗粒物)
and
ground-level
ozone
—
two
important
____29____
of
air
pollution
—
would
change
when
a
car
is
powered
by
different
ways.
It
was
no
surprise
that
electric
cars
whose
batteries
were
recharged
with
power
from
wind,
solar
or
hydro-electric
sources
came
out
to
be
virtually
free
from
harmful
____30____.
They
were
estimated
to
cause
231
deaths
over
the
course
of
a
year,
compared
with
878
for
petrol
cars.
Electric
cars
recharged
with
power
from
natural
gas-fired
stations
were
also
a
lot
less
harmful
than
petrol-driven
ones,
with
439
deaths.
But
if
those
same
electric
cars
were
recharged
____31____
by
coal,
they
would
be
responsible
for
over
3,000
deaths.
Biofuels
also
caused
more
health
problems
than
petrol.
But
diesel,
which
often
___32___
concern
about
pollution,
is
slightly
cleaner
than
petrol.
This
is
because
the
study
assumes
for
all
cars
that
emission-control
technologies
will
be
more
widely
used,
especially
particulate
filters
which
have
a
remarkable
effect
on
cleaning
diesel
____33____.
Diesel
cars
are
also
more
_____34_____
of
fuel
than
petrol-driven
ones.
Overall,
the
study
shows
that
electric
cars
are
cleaner
than
those
traditional
vehicles
only
if
the
power
used
to
charge
then
is
also
clean.
That
is
hardly
a
surprise,
but
the
______35______
of
the
difference
is.
How
green
electric
cars
really
are,
then,
will
depend
mainly
on
where
they
are
driven.
In
France,
which
obtains
more
than
half
of
its
power
from
nuclear
station,
electric
cars
look
like
a
good
bet.
In
China
and
some
other
developing
countries,
where
a
large
amount
of
electricity
is
produced
from
coal,
they
may
not
be
so
environment-
friendly
as
they
are
marketed.
Ⅲ.
Reading
Comprehension
(45’)
Section
A
(15’)
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Chinese
experts,
based
on
the
result
of
clinical
trials,
have
_____36_____
that
Chloroquine
Phosphate(磷酸氯喹),
an
antimalarial
drug,
has
a
certain
____37____
effect
on
the
novel
coronavirus
disease
(COVID-19),
a
Chinese
official
said
here
Monday.
The
experts
have
"unanimously"
suggested
the
drug
be
included
in
the
next
version
of
the
treatment
guidelines
and
_____38_____
in
wider
clinical
trials
as
soon
as
possible,
Sun
Yanrong,
deputy
head
of
the
China
National
Center
for
Biotechnology
Development
under
the
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology
(MOST),
said
at
a
press
conference.
Chloroquine
Phosphate,
which
has
been
used
for
more
than
70
years,
was
selected
from
tens
of
thousands
of
existing
drugs
after
____39____
rounds
of
screening,
Sun
said.
According
to
her,
the
drug
has
been
under
clinical
trials
in
over
10
hospitals
in
Beijing,
_____40_____
in
south
Guangdong
Province
and
central
China's
Hunan
Province,
and
has
shown
___41___
good
efficacy.
In
the
trials,
the
groups
of
patients
who
had
taken
the
drug
have
shown
better
indicators
than
their
parallel
groups,
in
abatement(减轻)
of
fever,
improvement
of
CT
images
of
lungs,
the
percentage
of
patients
who
became
____42____
in
viral
nucleic
acid
tests
and
the
time
they
need
to
do
so,
she
said.
Patients
taking
the
drug
also
take
a
shorter
time
to
recover,
she
added.
Sun
gave
an
example
of
a
54-year-old
patient
in
Beijing,
who
was
____43____
to
hospital
four
days
after
showing
symptoms.
After
taking
the
drug
for
a
week,
he
saw
all
indicators
_____44_____
and
the
nucleic
acid
turn
negative.
____45____,
no
obvious
serious
adverse
reactions
related
to
the
drug
have
been
found
among
the
over
100
patients
enrolled
in
the
clinical
trials,
she
said.
On
February
15,
several
departments
including
the
MOST,
the
National
Health
Commission
and
the
National
Medical
Products
Administration
called
a
video
conference
to
____46____
drug
research
and
clinical
experts’
opinions
on
the
drug’s
efficacy
on
COVID-19.
The
expert
team,
led
by
Zhong
Nanshan,
a
_____47_____
respiratory
specialist
and
an
academician
of
the
Chinese
Academy
of
Engineering,
agreed
that
Chloroquine
Phosphate
can
be
used
to
treat
more
COVID-19
patients,
Sun
said.
Previous
in
vitro
(体外的)
experiments
showed
that
it
can
block
virus
____48____
by
changing
the
acidity
and
basicity
value
inside
the
cell
and
interfering
receptors
of
SARS
coronavirus.
It
also
shows
immune-modulating
(调节)
activity,
which
may
_____49_____
its
antiviral
effect
in
vivo
(体内的)
and
is
widely
____50____
in
the
whole
body,
including
the
lungs,
after
oral
administration.
36.
A.
advocated
B.
assumed
C.
confirmed
D.
conserved
37.
A.
limited
B.
curative
C.
side
D.
potential
38.
A.
applied
B.
diagnosed
C.
recognized
D.
adapted
39.
A.
feasible
B.
reasonable
C.
authentic
D.
multiple
40.
A.
for
instance
B.
as
well
as
C.
that
is
to
say
D.
such
as
41.
A.
unintentionally
B.
considerately
C.
scarcely
D.
fairly
42.
A.
negative
B.
neutral
C.
obvious
D.
positive
43.
A.
overlooked
B.
admitted
C.
accessed
D.
refused
44.
A.
promote
B.
flaw
C.
fail
D.
improve
45.
A.
In
the
meantime
B.
By
contrast
C.
So
far
D.
In
consequence
46.
A.
turn
down
B.
listen
to
C.
engage
in
D.
argue
about
47.
A.
respectful
B.
conventional
C.
spiritual
D.
distinguished
48.
A.
invasion
B.
investigations
C.
infections
D.
cultivation
49.
A.
undermine
B.
enhance
C.
impose
D.
withhold
50.
A.
distributed
B.
reflected
C.
extinguished
D.
substituted
Section
B
(32’)
Directions:
Read
the
following
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
Unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A.
B.
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
you
have
just
read.
(A)
The
African
elephant
will
disappear
within
two
decades
if
urgent
action
is
not
taken
to
save
one
of
the
world's
most
iconic
animal
species,
the
World
Wide
Fund
for
Nature
(WWF)
has
warned
in
a
new
campaign
fundraiser.
The
population
of
these
elephants—the
largest
animal
currently
walking
the
earth—has
declined
by
70
percent
in
the
last
40
years,
in
large
part
because
of
the
illegal
ivory
trade,
which
is
the
biggest
driver
of
elephant
poaching,
according
to
the
non-profit.
In
fact,
20,000
elephants
are
killed
every
year
to
feed
this
trade—which
is
equivalent
to
one
death
every
26
minutes.
Once
an
elephant
is
killed,
poachers
harvest
the
ivory
to
meet
a
growing
demand
for
products
made
from
this
material.
Ivory
can
be
turned
into
ornaments
and
decorations,
as
well
as
being
used
in
traditional
Asian
medicine
for
its
intended
therapeutic
value.
Elephants
are
also
sometimes
killed
to
provide
a
source
of
meat.
This
poaching
takes
place
despite
a
global
ban
on
ivory
sales
under
the
CITES
multilateral
treaty
(the
Convention
on
International
Trade
in
Endangered
Species
of
Wild
Fauna
and
Flora)
which
was
introduced
in
1990.
Above
the
poachers
are
powerful
organized
criminal
networks
which
commonly
engage
in
corruption,
money
laundering
and
assassinations.
Part
of
the
issue
in
policing
the
problem
is
that
the
governments
of
nations
where
Africans
elephants
live
often
lack
sufficient
resources
to
protect
and
monitor
elephant
herds,
which
often
reside
in
remote
and
inaccessible
habitats.
When
the
animals
are
killed,
they
often
suffer
a
brutal
death.
African
elephants
are
found
in
37
countries
across
the
continent
and
are
categorized
as
“vulnerable”
by
the
International
Union
for
Conservation
of
Nature
(IUCN)
with
a
remaining
population
of
around
415,000
in
the
wild,
according
to
WWF.
These
animals
play
a
crucial
role
in
the
ecosystem,
helping
to
maintain
healthy
habitats
for
many
other
species.
This
is
because
African
elephants
help
to
disperse
seeds.
The
population
of
African
elephants—which
are
split
into
two
subspecies—once
numbered
between
three
and
five
million
during
the
last
century.
However,
this
figure
has
fallen
dramatically
as
a
result
of
poaching
and
other
factors,
such
as
habitat
fragmentation
or
loss.
51.
The
word
“poaching”
(paragraph
2)
probably
means
________.
A.
desperate
desire
B.
severe
damage
C.
illegal
hunting
D.
cruel
killing
52.
What
is
the
main
reason
for
the
sharp
decline
in
the
number
of
African
elephants？
A.
They
were
hunted
by
other
animals.
B.
They
failed
to
survive
the
natural
disasters.
C.
There
is
no
suitable
living
environment.
D.
They
were
illegally
traded
for
ivory.
53.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
learned
from
the
passage?
A.
Absence
of
bans
or
regulations
on
ivory
sales
is
the
biggest
driver
of
elephant
poaching.
B.
Elephants
living
in
remote
habitats
are
less
vulnerable
than
those
living
in
nations
with
adequate
resources.
C.
If
the
African
elephant
disappear,
the
ecosystem
there
is
likely
to
be
ruined.
D.
African
elephant
herbs
usually
migrated
in
large
population.
54.
What’s
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.
African
Elephants
Will
Be
Gone
in
The
Future
B.
African
Elephants,
Leading
Role
in
Ecosystem
C.
The
Population
of
African
Elephants
D.
Different
Types
of
African
Elephants
(B)
Kobe
Bryant
was
one
of
nine
people
killed
in
a
helicopter
crash
on
26,
Jan.
2019.
He
was
41.
His
13-year-old
daughter
Gianna
was
also
killed
in
the
crash.
Bryant
was
one
of
the
greatest
NBA
players
of
all-time
and
an
icon
in
the
sports
world.
In
addition
to
his
success
on
the
basketball
court,
Bryant
was
known
for
a
ceaseless
work
ethic
and
incredible
drive.
In
honor
of
Bryant’s
legacy,
here
are
some
inspiring
quotes
from
Bryant
on
hard
work,
success,
and
life.
On
achieving
success:
“When
you
make
a
choice
and
say,
‘Come
hell
or
high
water,
I
am
going
to
be
this,’
then
you
should
not
be
surprised
when
you
are
that.
It
should
not
be
something
that
is
intoxicating
or
out
of
character
because
you
have
seen
this
moment
for
so
long
that
...
when
that
moment
comes,
of
course
it
is
here
because
it
has
been
here
the
whole
time,
because
it
has
been
[in
your
mind]
the
whole
time.”
On
failure:
“I
don’t
mean
to
sound
cavalier
when
I
say
that,
but
never.
It’s
basketball.
I’ve
practiced
and
practiced
and
played
so
many
times.
There’s
nothing
truly
to
be
afraid
of,
when
you
think
about
it
...
Because
I’ve
failed
before,
and
I
woke
up
the
next
morning,
and
I’m
OK.
People
say
bad
things
about
you
in
the
paper
on
Monday,
and
then
on
Wednesday,
you're
the
greatest
thing
since
sliced
bread.
I’ve
seen
that
cycle,
so
why
would
I
be
nervous
about
it
happening?”
On
life:
“There’s
a
choice
that
we
have
to
make
as
people,
as
individuals.
If
you
want
to
be
great
at
something
there
is
a
choice
you
have
to
make.
We
can
all
be
masters
at
our
craft,
but
you
have
to
make
a
choice.
What
I
mean
by
that
is,
there
are
inherent
sacrifices
that
come
along
with
that
—
family
time,
hanging
out
with
your
friends,
being
a
great
friend,
being
a
great
son,
nephew,
whatever
the
case
may
be.
There
are
sacrifices
that
come
along
with
that.”
On
retiring
and
facing
the
end
of
his
basketball
career:
“There
is
beauty
in
that.
I
mean,
it's
going
through
the
cycle.
I
mean,
it's
the
cycle
that
is
the
natural
progression
of
growth,
of
maturation.
I
mean,
there's
no
sadness
in
that
...
I
see
the
beauty
in
not
being
able
to
blow
past
defenders
anymore,
you
know
what
I
mean?
I
see
the
beauty
in
getting
up
in
the
morning
and
being
in
pain
because
I
know
all
the
hard
work
that
it
took
to
get
to
this
point.
So,
I’m
not,
I'm
not
sad
about
it.
I'm
very
appreciative
of
what
I've
had.”
55.
What
is
the
attitude
of
Kobe
Bryant
towards
achieving
success
by
saying
“Come
hell
or
high
water,
I
am
going
to
be
this”?
A.
Confident
B.
Determined
C.
Optimistic
D.
Frightened
56.
The
word
“cavalier”
in
the
3rd
paragraph
probably
means
__________.
A.
not
serious
or
caring
B.
anxious
and
eager
C.
worried
and
pessimistic
D.
not
proud
or
arrogant
57.
When
it
comes
to
failure,
Kobe
Bryant
tended
to
__________.
A.
fight
against
those
who
said
bad
things
about
him.
B.
worry
about
others’
comments
on
his
performance.
C.
cheer
for
himself
by
regarding
himself
as
the
greatest
figure.
D.
show
no
fear
facing
ups
and
downs.
58.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?
A.
People
paid
tribute
to
Kobe
Bryant
for
his
success
on
the
basketball
court.
B.
Kobe
Bryant
devoted
more
of
his
life
to
basketball
instead
of
accompanying
his
family.
C.
Kobe
Bryant
regarded
his
retirement
as
the
beginning
of
another
career.
D.
Kobe
Bryant
felt
emotionless
when
facing
the
end
of
his
basketball
career.
(C)
Mental
illness
and
disability
were
family
problems
for
English
people
living
between
1660
and
1800.
Most
women
and
men
who
suffered
from
mental
illness
were
not
institutionalized
as
this
was
the
period
before
the
extensive
building
of
mental
hospitals.
Instead,
they
were
housed
at
home,
and
cared
for
by
other
family
members.
Now
a
new
study
by
Cambridge
historian
Dr.
Elizabeth
Foyster
will
reveal
the
impact
on
families
of
caring
for
mentally
ill
and
disabled
relatives.
Much
has
been
written
about
the
insane
themselves
but
few
studies
have
considered
mental
illness
from
the
perspective
of
the
carers.
The
lifetime
burden
of
caring
for
those
individuals
whose
mental
development
did
not
progress
beyond
childhood,
and
who
contemporaries
labeled
as
‘idiots’
or
‘fools’,
has
been
little
explored
by
historians.
Foyster’s
research,
which
has
been
funded
by
the
Leverhulme
Trust,
will
carefully
examine
the
emotional
and
economic
consequences
for
families
at
a
time
when
the
Poor
Law
bound
them
to
look
after
their
mentally
ill
and
disabled
family
members.
By
asking
key
questions
about
the
impact
of
‘care
in
the
community’
in
the
18th
century,
Foyster
hopes
that
her
research
will
bridge
social
and
medical
history.
Specifically,
she
aims
to
provide
an
historical
perspective
for
contemporary
debates
such
as
how
resources
can
be
stretched
to
provide
for
children
with
learning
difficulties
and
an
aging
population.
“The
stresses
and
strains
of
family
were
worsened
by
high
infant
mortality
and
low
life
expectancy,
and
many
individuals
were
pushed
towards
mental
breakdown,”
she
explained.
“Moreover,
inherited
conditions,
senility(高龄)
and
what
today
would
be
described
as
‘special
needs’
could
put
great
emotional
demands
on
family
members
who
had
primary
responsibility
for
their
sick
or
disabled
relatives.”
The
research
will
shed
light
upon
how
caring
for
the
mentally
ill
and
disabled
raised
difficult
issues
for
families
about
the
limits
of
intergenerational
responsibility,
and
whether
family
ties
were
weakened
or
strengthened
by
the
experience.
The
questions
of
how
far
shame
was
attached
to
having
insanity
or
idiocy
within
a
family,
and
at
what
point
families
began
to
seek
outside
help,
will
also
be
addressed.
“The
family
must
have
seemed
an
inescapable
feature
of
daily
life
between
1660
and
1800,”
said
Foyster.
“Although
there
were
those
who
were
abandoned
and
rejected,
for
the
majority,
mental
disability
was
accommodated
within
the
family
unit.
I
aim
to
get
to
the
heart
of
what
this
really
meant
for
people’s
lives.”
59.
Which
is
NOT
the
reason
why
those
mentally
ill
and
disabled
were
not
institutionalized
from
1660
to
1800?
A.
Mental
illness
and
disability
were
family
problems
then.
B.
The
extensive
building
of
mental
hospitals
didn’t
start
yet.
C.
They
were
abandoned
by
the
government
and
the
family.
D.
The
family
would
be
found
guilty
if
they
didn’t
care
for
them.
60.
Why
does
Foyster
want
to
carry
out
this
study?
A.
Because
it
can
provide
some
food
for
thought
for
some
current
social
issues.
B.
Because
the
stresses
and
strains
of
family
life
have
driven
many
people
crazy.
C.
Because
she’s
looking
for
ways
to
communicate
with
the
sick
or
disabled
people.
D.
Because
the
limits
of
intergenerational
responsibility
in
such
families,
interest
her.
61.
Which
question
will
NOT
be
studied
in
the
research?
A.
How
should
resources
today
be
stretched
to
provide
for
an
aging
population?
B.
How
did
caring
for
the
sick
and
disabled
affect
the
family’s
earning
power?
C
How
shameful
did
a
family
feel
when
their
insane
or
disabled
relatives
were
found
out?
D.
At
what
point
did
those
families
have
to
begin
to
look
for
outside
help?
62.
The
passage
is
written
in
order
to
________.
A.
reveal
the
impact
on
families
of
caring
for
mentally
ill
and
disabled
relatives
B.
provide
an
historical
perspective
to
contemporary
debates
C.
shed
light
upon
whether
family
ties
were
weakened
or
strengthened
D.
introduce
a
new
historical
study
carried
out
by
a
Cambridge
historian
(D)
“I
have
slept
on
the
Embankment
(河堤),”
wrote
George
Orwell
in
1933,
adding
that,
despite
the
noise
and
the
wet
and
the
cold,
it
was
“much
better
than
not
sleeping
at
all.”
Under
the
nearby
Charing
Cross
bridge,
Orwell
reported
that
“50
men
were
waiting,
mirrored
in
the
shivering
puddles.”
Nine
decades
on
and
Charing
Cross
and
the
Embankment
are
once
again
full
of
rough
sleepers,
even
during
the
coldest
days
of
December.
Across
London
their
numbers
have
more
than
tripled
since
2010.
It
is
a
pattern
found
in
much
of
the
rich
world.
Almost
every
European
country
is
seeing
a
rise
in
the
number
of
homeless
people.
Homelessness
across
America
is
in
decline,
but
it
is
soaring
in
its
most
prosperous
cities.
And
roughly
5,000
people
live
on
the
streets
of
San
Francisco,
a
19%
rise
in
just
two
years.
However,
some
rich,
successful
cities,
including
Tokyo
and
Munich,
have
few
people
living
on
the
streets.
These
places
offer
lessons
on
how
to
reduce
homelessness.
One
is
that
tough
love
can
sometimes
work.
Conservatives
argue
that
softer
policing
methods
in
the
1970s,
including
not
being
strict
to
public
drunkenness,
were
in
part
responsible
for
the
rise
in
homelessness.
The
world
could
learn
something
from
Greece,
where
strong
family
networks
ensure
that
those
down
on
their
luck
find
someone
to
take
them
in.
Many
experts
argue
that
it
is
counterproductive
to
give
money
to
someone
begging
on
the
street.
Yet
stricter
methods
will
ultimately
do
little
if
housing
costs
remain
high,
which
is
the
underlying
reason
for
rising
homelessness.
Few
Americans
lived
on
the
streets
in
the
early
post-war
period
because
housing
was
cheaper.
Back
then
only
one
in
four
tenants
spent
more
than
30%
of
their
income
on
rent,
compared
with
one
in
two
today.
The
best
evidence
suggests
that
a
10%
rise
in
housing
costs
in
a
pricy
city
causes
an
8%
jump
in
homelessness.
The
state
can
do
something
to
help.
Cuts
to
rent
subsidies
for
Britain’s
poor
are
probably
the
biggest
reason
why
Charing
Cross
has
so
many
people
sleeping
on
the
streets
once
again.
Making
such
subsidies
more
generous
might
actually
save
governments
money
in
the
medium
term
—
after
all,
demands
on
health-care
services
and
the
police
would
decline.
People
would
also
be
more
likely
to
land
a
job.
Another
option
is
for
the
state
to
build
more
housing
itself.
In
Singapore,
80%
of
residents
live
in
government-built
flats
which
they
buy
at
knock-down
prices.
While
many
countries
have
been
privatizing
their
stock
of
public
housing,
Finland
has
been
building
more
of
it,
giving
the
government
the
necessities
to
put
homeless
people
in
their
own
apartments
rather
than
warehousing
them
in
shelters.
In
Finland
the
homeless
numbers
are
moving
in
the
right
direction.
The
most
effective
reform,
however,
would
be
to
make
building
more
homes
easier.
In
many
countries
NIMBYist
(邻避主义者)
planning
rules
vastly
inflate
the
market
price
of
shelter.
Such
rules
should
be
abolished.
Japan
loosened
planning
rules,
prompting
residential
construction
to
jump.
Since
then,
the
number
of
rough
sleepers
has
fallen
by
80%
in
20
years
in
Tokyo.
Until
cities
elsewhere
let
the
buildings
go
up,
more
people
will
find
themselves
down
and
out.
63.
The
writer
quotes
the
words
of
George
Orwell
in
Paragraph
1
to
__________.
A.
describe
the
poor
situation
of
the
homeless
in
1933.
B.
emphasize
the
large
number
of
the
rough
sleepers.
C.
unveil
the
difficulty
of
solving
the
problem
of
the
homeless.
D.
introduce
the
current
problem
of
homelessness
in
the
rich
world.
64.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
main
reason
for
rising
number
of
the
homeless?
A.
prosperity
of
the
rich
world.
B.
generosity
towards
the
homeless.
C.
outrageous
housing
cost.
D.
privatization
of
the
public
housing.
65.
Which
of
the
following
is
Not
True,
according
to
this
passage?
A.
In
Finland
and
Singapore,
the
number
of
the
homeless
was
reduced
by
building
more
public
housing
and
apartments.
B
Greece
prioritized
offering
tough
love
over
giving
money
directly
to
the
beggars
to
comfort
them.
C.
NIMBYist
supported
the
government
to
abolish
the
inappropriate
housing
rules
and
make
building
more
houses
easier.
D.
British
government’s
cutting
the
rent
subsidies
for
the
poor
contributes
to
the
increasing
number
of
the
rough
sleepers.
66.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A.
Reasons
for
the
rising
homeless
in
the
rich
world.
B.
Ways
to
cut
homelessness
in
the
world’s
priciest
cities.
C.
Different
reaction
of
different
countries
towards
the
homeless.
D.
Comparison
of
the
housing
cost
in
impoverished
and
rich
countries.
Section
C
(8’)
Directions:
Read
the
following
passage
carefully.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
sentence
given
in
the
box.
Each
sentence
can
be
used
only
once.
Note
that
there
are
two
more
sentences
than
you
need.
Almost
90%
of
people
are
biased
against
women,
according
to
a
new
index
that
highlights
the
‘shocking’
extent
of
the
global
backlash
towards
gender
equality.
Despite
progress
in
closing
the
equality
gap,
91%
of
men
and
86%
of
women
hold
at
least
one
bias
against
women
in
relation
to
politics,
economics,
education,
violence
or
reproductive
rights.
The
first
gender
social
norm
index
analyzed
data
from
75
countries
that,
collectively,
are
home
to
more
than
80%
of
the
global
population.
It
found
that
almost
half
of
the
people
surveyed
felt
men
were
superior
political
leaders
and
that
more
than
40%
believed
men
made
better
business
executives.
_____67_____.
The
U.N.
Development
Program
(U.N.D.P.),
which
published
its
findings
on
March
5,
is
calling
on
governments
to
introduce
laws
and
policies
that
address
deep-rooted
prejudice.
‘We
all
know
we
live
in
a
male-dominated
world,
but
with
this
report,
we
are
able
to
put
some
numbers
behind
these
biases,’
said
Pedro
Concei??o,
director
of
the
U.N.D.P.’s
human
development
report
office.
‘And
I
consider
these
numbers
shocking.
What
our
report
shows
is
a
pattern
that
repeats
itself
again
and
again.
_____68_____,
but
when
we
go
deeper,
we
seem
to
be
hitting
a
wall.’
_____69_____.
While
in
many
countries,
these
biases
were
shrinking,
in
many
others,
the
biases
were
actually
increasing,
he
pointed
out.
The
figures
are
based
on
two
sets
of
data
collected
from
almost
100
countries
through
the
World
Values
Survey,
which
examines
changing
attitudes
in
almost
100
countries
and
how
they
impact
on
social
and
political
life.
The
figures
cover
periods
from
2005-09
and
2010-14,
the
latest
year
for
which
data
is
available.
____70____.
But
while
more
than
50%
of
people
in
Andorra,
Australia,
the
Netherlands,
New
Zealand,
Norway
and
Sweden
were
free
from
gender
prejudice,
even
in
those
places
the
pattern
was
not
one
of
complete
progress.
Sweden,
for
example,
was
one
of
several
countries
in
which
the
percentage
of
people
who
held
at
least
one
bias
increased
over
the
nine
years
the
data
covered.
More
than
half
of
the
people
in
the
U.K.
and
the
U.S.
held
at
least
one
bias.
A.
Of
the
75
countries
studied,
there
were
only
six
in
which
the
majority
of
the
people
surveyed
held
no
bias
towards
women.
B.
Concei??o
said
the
data
shows
that
opinions
and
expectations
in
society
about
the
role
of
women
were
prejudiced
against
them.
C.
Concei??o
pointed
out
that
gender
discrimination
is
increasingly
destroy
the
social
welfare
in
many
aspects.
D.
Perhaps
more
alarmingly
almost
a
third
of
men
and
women
think
it’s
acceptable
for
a
man
to
beat
his
wife.
E.
The
figures
serve
as
a
warning
towards
the
social
mechanism
of
developed
countries.
F.
Big
progress
has
been
made
in
more
basic
areas
of
participation
and
empowerment.
Ⅳ.
Summary
Writing
(10’)
71.
Directions:
Read
the
following
passage.
Summarize
the
main
idea
and
the
main
points
of
the
passage
in
no
more
than
60
words.
Use
your
own
words
as
far
as
possible.
Imagine
living
on
the
edge
of
a
vast
desert,
which
is
moving
quietly
closer
to
your
village
every
day
and
covering
your
fields.
The
desert
is
on
the
move.
This
is
called
desertification.
Desertification
occurs
in
regions
close
to
an
already
existing
desert.
It
generally
arises
from
two
related
causes.
The
first
is
over-use
of
water
in
the
area.
There
is
not
enough
water
in
any
case,
and
if
it
is
not
carefully
used,
disaster
can
follow.
As
time
goes
on,
water
shortages
make
farming
more
and
more
difficult.
In
some
places,
locals
can
remember
local
lakes
and
marshes
which
were
once
the
homes
for
all
kinds
of
fish
and
birds.
They
have
been
completely
buried
by
the
sand
now.
Farmers
leave
the
land,
and
fields
are
replaced
by
deserts.
The
second
cause
is
misuse
or
over-use
of
the
land.
This
means
that
the
wrong
crops
are
planted
and
need
more
water
than
is
available.
Ploughing
large
fields
and
removing
bushes
and
trees
means
that
the
wind
will
blow
away
the
soil.
Once
the
soil
is
lost,
it
is
hard
to
replace,
and
if
there
is
rain,
it
has
nowhere
to
go,
and
brings
no
benefit.
It
is
not
only
the
farmers
and
villagers
who
suffer.
Every
spring
the
skies
over
some
of
eastern
cities,
thousands
of
kilometers
away
from
the
deserts,
can
be
darkened
by
sandstorms.
Dust
from
deserts
can
have
a
great
effect
on
weather
systems.
While
desertification
is
perhaps
being
partly
caused
by
global
warming,
these
sandstorms
can
make
global
warming
worse
by
adding
to
what
is
known
as
the
greenhouse
effect.
What
can
be
done
to
slow
down
or
stop
the
process
of
desertification?
A
great
deal
of
work
is
already
under
way.
Obviously
first
steps
are
to
find
new
water
sources.
Tree
planting
can
help,
by
providing
barriers
between
desert
and
rich
field.
Some
types
of
grass
also
hold
the
soil
together,
and
stop
the
wind
taking
it.
Without
these
efforts,
it
will
be
harder
and
harder
to
stop
the
world’s
deserts
in
their
tracks,
and
more
and
more
farmers
will
give
up
and
head
for
cities.
The
lesson
to
be
learnt
lies
beneath
the
sand.
V.
Translation
(20’)
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
72.
不可否认的是他用这个靠谱的方法扭转了局势。(apply)
3’
73.
大家都想当然认为英雄都是流血不流泪的，其实不然。(granted)
4’
74.
他的父母达成共识，要提醒他适度使用电子产品，不要沉迷于网络游戏。(obsess)
4’
75.
我们不仅在被他人质疑时要坚持自己的原则，在遭受他人歧视时也不要觉得低人一等。(Not
only)
4’
76.
虽然专家建议保持社交距离，美国政府却始终把重点放在复苏经济和刺激就业上，因此未能有效防止病毒的传播。(despite,
failure)
5’2019学年第二学期七宝中学英语期中考试卷
满分分值：150分
完卷时间：120分钟
I.
Listening
Comprehension
(25’)
Section
A
(10’)
Directions:
In
Part
A,
you
will
hear
ten
short
conversations
between
two
speakers.
At
the
end
of
each
conversation,
a
question
will
be
asked
about
what
was
said.
The
conversations
and
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
After
you
hear
a
conversation
and
the
question
about
it,
read
the
four
possible
answers
on
your
paper,
and
decide
which
one
is
the
best
answer
to
the
question
you
have
heard.
1.
A.
Use
a
ladder
to
help
her
reach
the
cup.
B.
See
a
doctor
about
her
shoulder.
C.
Put
the
cup
on
a
lower
shelf.
D.
Buy
a
new
cupboard.
2.
A.
He
has
already
called
Harry.
B.
Harry
knows
most
of
the
facts.
C.
He
needs
to
talk
to
Harry
soon.
D.
Harry
doesn’t
have
a
telephone.
3.
A.
The
new
doctor
lacks
experience.
B.
She
disagrees
with
what
the
man
said.
C.
The
man
had
better
talk
with
the
patients
first.
D.
Patients
usually
cannot
offer
a
fair
evaluation.
4.
A.
Take
the
man
to
the
station.
B.
Look
after
the
man’s
things.
C.
Find
out
when
the
next
bus
leaves.
D.
Show
the
man
the
way
to
the
station.
5
A.
He
was
good
at
fixing
up
bookshelves.
B.
He
helped
James
build
up
the
furniture.
C.
James
helped
him
arrange
the
furniture.
D.
James
helped
him
with
some
of
the
work.
6.
A.
It’s
difficult
to
take
photographs
indoors.
B.
The
photo
album
is
in
the
living
room.
C.
Mary
has
lost
the
photo
album.
D.
Mary
is
a
good
photographer.
7.
A.
The
job’s
short
hours
make
it
impossible
for
her
to
refuse.
B.
The
job
is
turning
into
an
excellent
opportunity
for
her.
C.
She’s
looking
forward
to
meeting
her
new
colleagues.
D.
She
refused
the
position
because
of
the
low
salary.
8.
A.
He
had
to
do
what
is
necessary
in
order
to
learn.
B.
He
doesn’t
have
to
memorize
all
the
vocabulary.
C.
He
knows
the
whole
vocabulary
list
already.
D.
He
cannot
learn
much
by
just
memorizing.
9.
A.
It’s
not
the
one
he
likes.
B.
He
needs
a
smaller
shirt.
C.
It
doesn’t
fit
him
very
well.
D.
He
hasn’t
had
time
to
try
it
on
yet.
10.
A.
The
line
for
concert
tickets
is
too
busy.
B.
He’s
too
busy
to
go
to
the
concert.
C.
Carl
knows
the
concert
is
at
eight.
D.
He
hasn’t
been
able
to
reach
Carl.
Section
B
(20’)
Directions:
In
Section
B,
you
will
hear
two
short
passages
and
one
longer
conversation,
and
you
will
be
asked
three
questions
on
each
of
the
passages
and
the
conversation.
The
passages
and
the
conversation
will
be
read
twice,
but
the
questions
will
be
spoken
only
once.
When
you
hear
a
question,
read
the
four
possible
answers
on
your
paper
and
decide
which
one
would
be
the
best
answer
to
the
question
you
have
heard.
Questions
11
through
13
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
11.
A.
In
the
19th
century.
B.
In
about
1800s.
C.
In
the
18th
century.
D.
In
about
2400
BC.
12.
A.
The
language
used.
B.
The
targeted
readers.
C.
The
reputation.
D.
The
length.
13.
A.
The
evolution
of
self-study
books.
B.
The
importance
of
self-study
books.
C.
The
difference
among
self-study
books.
D.
The
famous
writers
of
self-study
books.
Questions
14
through
16
are
based
on
the
following
passage.
14.
A.
The
reasons
railroad
regulations
in
the
U.S.A
were
changed.
B.
The
safety
record
of
the
railroad
industry
in
the
U.S.A.
C.
The
financing
of
railroad
construction
in
the
U.S.A.
D.
The
evolution
of
the
railroad
industry
in
the
U.S.A.
15.
A.
Safety
problems
with
railroad
tracks.
B.
The
growth
of
the
automotive
industry.
C.
The
use
of
oversized
freight
containers.
D.
The
high
cost
of
meeting
various
regulations.
16.
A.
It
causes
less
air
pollution
than
other
means
of
transport.
B.
Its
competitors
are
less
considerate
of
customers.
C.
It
creates
great
personal
fortunes
for
investors.
D.
Its
business
is
kept
in
a
traditional
way.
Questions
17
through
20
are
based
on
the
following
conversation.
17.
A.
To
earn
money
for
her
tuition.
B.
To
make
her
dream
come
true.
C.
To
make
preparations
for
her
future
job.
D.
To
ensure
that
she
has
time
for
acting
work.
18.
A.
Serious.
B.
Funny.
C.
Experienced.
D.
Demanding.
19.
A.
It
involves
many
theories.
B.
He
must
get
an
advanced
camera.
C.
He
hasn’t
learned
physics
before.
D.
It
occupies
much
of
his
spare
time.
20.
A.
He
is
more
willing
to
do
something.
B.
He
has
stopped
working
late.
C.
He
can
go
to
sleep
early.
D.
He
feels
more
relaxed.
Ⅱ.
Grammar
and
Vocabulary
(20’)
Section
A
(15’)
(A)
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
The
2020
Championships
Wimbledon
have
been
canceled
____1____
public
health
concerns
linked
to
the
coronavirus
epidemic.
The
Championships
____2____(schedule)
to
be
held
from
Monday,
June
29
through
Sunday,
July
12.
The134thtournament
will
be
held
(hold)
between
June
28
and
July
11,
2021.
“This
is
a
decision
we
have
not
taken
lightly
and
we
have
done
so
with
the
highest
regard
for
public
health
and
the
well-being
of
all
those____3____
come
together
to
make
Wimbledon
happen,”
AELTC
chairman
Ian
Hewitt
said.
“It
_____4_____
(weigh)
heavily
on
our
minds
that
the
staging
of
The
Championships
has
only
been
interrupted
previously
by
World
Wars
but,
____5____(follow)
thorough
and
extensive
consideration
of
all
scenarios,
we
believe
that
it
is
a
measure
of
this
global
crisis
and
____6____
it
is
ultimately
the
right
decision
to
cancel
this
year’s
Championships,
and
instead
concentrate
on
_____7_____
we
can
use
the
breadth
of
Wimbledon’s
resources
to
help
those
in
our
local
communities
and
beyond.
【答案】1.
because
of
/
due
to
2.
were
scheduled
3.
that/who
4.
has
been
weighing
/
has
weighed
5.
following
6.
that
7.
how
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。由于全球性爆发新冠状病毒，2020年温布尔登网球锦标赛被取消。
【1题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：由于与冠状病毒流行有关的公共健康问题的担忧，202年温网锦标赛取消。根据句意，前一句“The
2020
Championships
Wimbledon
have
been
canceled”是结果，后一句“public
health
concerns
linked
to
the
coronavirus
epidemic.”是原因；“public
health
concerns”是名词短语，因此用表原因的介词短语because
of
或due
to。
故填because
of
/
due
to。
【2题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：锦标赛原定于6月29日(周一)至7月12日(周日)举行。根据句意，“锦标赛举行时间”是在此之前所作出的安排，是叙述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；句子主语The
Championships和
schedule之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；因此用一般过去时的被动语态；主语The
Championships是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were
scheduled。
【3题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：AELTC主席伊恩·休伊特说：“我们没有轻率地做出这个决定。我们这么做是出于对公众健康的最高考虑，也是为了所有努力让温布尔登竞标赛如期举行的人们的健康。”分析句子结构，所填词后是定语从句，先行词those，指人，在从句中作主语，因此用that/who引导定语从句。故填that/who。
【4题详解】
考查时态。句意：“锦标赛的举办先前只因世界大战中断过，这一直是我们心头的重担。”
根据上下文语境，此处应用现在完成时，表示对现在的影响；也可用现在完成进行时，强调动作持续进行，意思为“一直在做……”；形式主语it是单数，故填has
been
weighing
/
has
weighed。
【5题详解】
考查介词。句意：但是对所有可能的情况进行全面和广泛的考虑后，我们相信这是一次全球性的危机。最终，取消今年的锦标赛是正确的决定。根据句意，此处应为介词following，意思为“在…..之后”。故填following。
【6题详解】
考查宾语从句连接词。句意：但是对所有可能的情况进行全面和广泛的考虑后，我们认为这是一次全球性的危机。最终，取消今年的锦标赛是正确的决定。and是并列连词，连接两个并列的宾语从句we
believe
that…
and
…..；and后的宾语从句中不缺少任何成分，因此用that引导宾语从句。故填that。
【7题详解】
考查连接词。句意：相反，我们应该集中精力在如何利用温布尔登锦标赛的广泛资源，帮助我们当地社区和其他地方的人。根据句意，应用how引导宾语从句，意思为“如何，怎样”。故填how。
(B)
Directions:
After
reading
the
passage
below,
fill
in
the
blanks
to
make
the
passages
coherent
and
grammatically
correct.
For
the
blanks
with
a
given
word,
fill
in
each
blank
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
word;
for
the
other
blanks,
use
one
word
that
best
fits
each
blank.
A
new
era
of
computing
may
be
upon
us
as
Google
claims
its
Sycamore
computer
has
achieved
quantum
supremacy
(量子霸权).
But
what
is
quantum
supremacy,
and
what
does
it
mean
for
the
future?
Quantum
supremacy
is
a
scientific
term.
It
means
that
a
quantum
computer
has
solved
a
problem
that
a
classical
computer
would
take
too
much
time
and
energy
to
do.
____8____
(publish)
in
the
journal
Nature
on
Oct
23,
Google
tasked
a
computer
with
finding
mathematical
probabilities
of
different
“events”.
The
events
were
specific
values
from
a
random
number
generator.
Sycamore
successfully
picked
out
strings
(系列)
of
numbers
that
were
_____9_____
(likely)
to
occur
than
others,
running
the
test
1
million
times
in
200
seconds.
In
their
research,
Google
claims
that
the
world’s
best
supercomputer
would
have
taken
10,000
years
____10____(solve)
the
same
problem.
However,
Google’s
claims
were
questioned
by
rival
company
IBM,
who
argued
the
same
test
_____11_____
have
been
completed
in
2.5
days
by
its
Summit
supercomputer.
What
is
quantum
computing?
The
major
difference
between
quantum
and
classic
computers
is
in
how
they
record
and
transmit
information.
Classic
computers,
from
your
laptop
to
your
phone
to
a
NASA
supercomputer,
use
bits.
Each
bit
has
a
state
of
either
zero
or
one
(on
or
off)
and
completes
each
operation
one-at-a-time.
However,
quantum
computers,
like
Google’s
Sycamore,
use
quantum
bits
–
called
qubits
(量子位).
These
can
be
both
zero
and
one
at
the
same
time,
allowing
them
to
hold
more
data
and
work
together
to
solve
problems
simultaneously.
Google’s
experiment
has
been
applauded
____12____
a
major
breakthrough.
It
is
a
stepping-stone
toward
a
big
dream.
Currently,
quantum
computers
are
within
the
next
decade.
Tech
reporter
Jacob
Ward
told
NBC
News,
“This
could
revolutionize
our
every
little
real-world
value,
but
that
can
all
change
whole
lives.
We’re
talking
about
the
development
of
new
medicines,
materials,
artificial
intelligence,
all
of
which,
right
now,
____13____
(depend)
on
a
very
limited
language
of
computing.?”
While
quantum
may
not
be
close
to
____14____
(change)
our
everyday
lives
right
now,
it
has
been
compared
to
the
first
rocket
to
reach
space.
It
may
be
a
generation
_____15_____
quantum
computers
become
mainstream,
so
who
can
say
what
humans
might
achieve
with
the
new
technology?
【答案】8.
Published
9.
more
likely
10.
to
solve
11.
could
12.
as
13.
depends
14.
changing
15.
before
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道，谷歌宣称其Sycamore计算机已经取得量子霸权。未来，量子计算机可以解决传统计算机需要花费太多时间和精力才能解决的问题。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Google让计算机找出不同“事件”的数学概率，这发表于10月23日的《自然》杂志上。根据句意，publish的逻辑主语应是Google
公司在《自然》杂志上发表的内容，即“Google
tasked
a
computer
with
finding
mathematical
probabilities
of
different
“events”.”此句和publish之间有逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词作状语。故填Published。
【9题详解】
考查形容词的比较等级。句意：Sycamore计算机成功挑选出数字字符串，这些数字字符串比其他的（数字字符串）更可能出现，在200秒运行测试100万次。than
常和形容词比较级形式连用；likely的比较级形式为more
likely。故填more
likely。
【10题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在他们的研究中，谷歌声称，世界上最好的超级计算机要解决同样的问题会需要1万年。sth
takes
+时间/金钱+to
do
sth
,故填to
solve。
【11题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：然而，谷歌的说法遭到了竞争对手IBM的质疑，IBM辩称，其Summit超级计算机可能在2.5天内就能完成同样的测试。上一句中的“the
world’s
best
supercomputer
would
have
taken…”是表示假设，此处也是表示假设；根据句意，应用情态动词could，意思为“能够”，表示能力。故填could。
【12题详解】
考查介词。句意：谷歌的实验被誉为是一项重大突破。此处用介词as，意思为“作为”。故填as。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我们在谈论的是新药物、新材料、人工智能的开发，目前所有这些都依赖于非常有限的计算机语言。分析句子结构，定语从句关系词which
指代the
development
of
new
medicines,
materials,
artificial
intelligence；因此定语从句的主语all
of
which是指单数；从句谓语动词应用单数形式；根据时间状语right
now，是叙述现在的情况，因此用一般现在时。故填depends。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然量子目前还无法改变我们的日常生活，但它已被比作是第一枚进入太空的火箭。短语
be
close
to“接近于……”，其中to是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填changing。
【15题详解】
考查从属连词。句意：量子计算机可能还需要一代人的时间才能成为主流。此处是句型“It
will
be
+一段时间+before…”，意思为“要过……才”。故填before。
Section
B
(20’)
(A)
Directions:
Complete
the
following
passage
by
using
the
words
in
the
box.
Each
word
can
only
be
used
once.
Note
that
there
is
one
word
more
than
you
need.
A
tiger
at
the
Bronx
Zoo
in
New
York
City
has
tested
positive
for
the
respiratory
disease
caused
by
the
novel
coronavirus,
becoming
the
first
known
case
of
human-animal
_____16_____,
the
zoo's
chief
veterinarian
said
on
Sunday.
Nadia,
the
4-year-old
Malayan
tiger
that
tested
positive,
was
_____17_____
for
the
COVID-19
disease
after
_____18_____
a
dry
cough
along
with
three
other
tigers
and
three
lions,
the
Wildlife
Conservation
Society,
which
manages
the
zoo,
said
in
a
statement.
All
of
the
cats
are
expected
to
recover,
it
said.
But
officials
believe
this
is
a
unique
case
because
Nadia
became
sick
after
_____19_____
to
an
asymptomatic
zoo
employee,
Paul
Calle,
chief
veterinarian
at
the
Bronx
Zoo,
told
Reuters.
Calle
said
they
did
not
know
which
employee
infected
the
tiger.
"This
is
the
first
time
that
we
have
discovered
that
a
person
infects
the
animal
and
the
animal
gets
sick,"
Calle
said,
adding
that
they
planned
to
share
the
findings
with
other
zoos
and
institutions.
"
I
guess
_____20_____
we
will
all
have
a
better
understanding
as
a
result.
While
the
other
tigers
and
lions
were
also
____21____
symptoms,
the
zoo
decided
to
test
only
Nadia
because
she
was
the
sickest
and
had
started
to
lose
her
appetite
already,
and
they
did
not
want
to
____22____
all
the
cats
to
anesthesia(麻醉),
Calle
said.
Nadia
_____23_____
X-rays,
an
ultrasound(超声波)
and
blood
tests
to
try
to
figure
out
what
was
making
her
sick
.
They
decided
to
test
for
COVID-19
____24____
the
surge
in
cases
in
New
York
City,
the
epicenter
of
the
outbreak
in
the
United
States.The
first
tiger
at
the
zoo,
which
has
been
shut
since
mid-March,
began
showing
_______25_______
of
illness
on
March
27,
according
to
the
US
Department
of
Agriculture
National
Veterinary
Services
Laboratories.
【答案】16.
ABC
17.
AC
18.
CD
19.
A
20.
B
21.
AD
22.
C
23.
BC
24.
D
25.
BD
【解析】
本文为新闻报道。文章叙述了纽约布朗克斯动物园首席兽医周日表示，该动物园一只老虎Nadia被检测出新型冠状病毒引起的呼吸道疾病呈阳性，成为已知的第一例人畜传播病例。动物园对Nadia进行了多项检测尽力找出其感染病毒的原因。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：该动物园一只老虎被检测出新型冠状病毒引起的呼吸道疾病呈阳性，成为已知的第一例人畜传播病例。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作介词of的宾语，要用名词。根据下一段中的老虎感染了COVID-19病毒，可知，此处是指这只老虎是第一例人畜传播病例。故填ABC。
【17题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：动物园管理方野生动物保护协会在一份声明中说，4岁的马来虎Nadia与另外3只老虎和3头狮子一起患上干咳后，接受了COVID-19疾病的筛查。根据语境可知，此句是指老虎和狮子患上了干咳后要进行COVID-19疾病的筛查。主语是Nadia与动词screen二者被动关系，故填AC。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：动物园管理方野生动物保护协会在一份声明中说，4岁的马来虎Nadia与另外3只老虎和3头狮子一起出现干咳后，接受了COVID-19疾病的筛查。根据“a
dry
cough
along
with
three
other
tigers
and
three
lions”可知，空格处用develop，其意思为“患(病)，出现(问题)，(疾病)开始侵袭”，其逻辑主语是Nadia。与动词develop二者是主动关系，要用动词的ing形式，故填CD。
【19题详解】
考查固定搭配及名词。句意：官员们认为这是一个独特的病例，因为Nadia在接触一名无症状的动物园员工后生病。根据语境可知，此处是指老虎接触到一名无症状的动物员工后生病的。after后接名词，而exposure
to...为固定搭配，意为“接触......”，故填A。
【20题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此我想希望我们对此都能有更好的理解。分析句子可知，空格处要填缺少副词，根据语境可知此处是指希望地，要用副词“hopefully”，故填B。
【21题详解】
考查进行时。句意：卡利说，虽然其他老虎和狮子也出现了症状，但动物园决定只给Nadia做检查，因为她是最虚弱的，已经开始没有食欲了。根据“because
she
was
the
sickest
and
had
started
to
lose
her
appetite
already”可知，“exhibit”意思为“显出，表明”。空格处前有were，根据语境可知，此处是过去进行时，故填AD。
【22题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：而另一只老虎和狮子也表现出症状，动物园决定给Nadia检查，因为她是最虚弱的，已经开始失去食欲，他们不想所有的猫科动物麻醉，Calle说。“根据“
anesthesia(麻醉)”可知，空处填subject...to...”意为“使......遭受......”，故填C。
【23题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：Nadia接受了X光、超声波和血液检查目的是尽力找出是什么让她生病。根据“X-rays,
an
ultrasound(超声波)
and
blood
tests”可知，空处应填underwent，本句叙述的是过去的事，要用一般过去时，故填BC。
【24题详解】
考查连词。句意：考虑到美国爆发疫情的中心纽约市病例激增，他们决定检测COVID-19。分析句子可知，根据语境可知，此处缺少的意思为“考虑到，鉴于”，given意思为“考虑到，鉴于”。故填D。
【25题详解】
考查名词。句意：这家动物园自3月中旬以来一直关闭，从3月27日起，第一只老虎开始出现疾病迹象。根据句意可知，空格处是指出现了生病的“迹象”，用复数表示泛指。故填BD。
(B)
Directions:
Complete
the
following
passage
by
using
the
words
in
the
box.
Each
word
can
only
be
used
once.
Note
that
there
is
one
word
more
than
you
need.
Driving
an
electric
car
____26____
to
the
protection
of
environment,
or
so
the
marketing
departments
of
their
makers
would
have
you
believe.
Yet
a
report
which
analyzes
car
emissions
presents
a
rather
different
picture.
A
battery-powered
car
recharged
with
____27____
generated
by
coal-fired
power
stations,
it
found,
is
likely
to
be
more
harmful.
It
could
cause
more
than
three
times
as
many
deaths
from
pollution
as
a
____28____
petrol-driven
vehicle.
The
study
was
carried
out
by
the
University
of
Minnesota.
The
researchers
estimated
how
levels
of
fine
particulate
matter
(细颗粒物)
and
ground-level
ozone
—
two
important
____29____
of
air
pollution
—
would
change
when
a
car
is
powered
by
different
ways.
It
was
no
surprise
that
electric
cars
whose
batteries
were
recharged
with
power
from
wind,
solar
or
hydro-electric
sources
came
out
to
be
virtually
free
from
harmful
____30____.
They
were
estimated
to
cause
231
deaths
over
the
course
of
a
year,
compared
with
878
for
petrol
cars.
Electric
cars
recharged
with
power
from
natural
gas-fired
stations
were
also
a
lot
less
harmful
than
petrol-driven
ones,
with
439
deaths.
But
if
those
same
electric
cars
were
recharged
____31____
by
coal,
they
would
be
responsible
for
over
3,000
deaths.
Biofuels
also
caused
more
health
problems
than
petrol.
But
diesel,
which
often
___32___
concern
about
pollution,
is
slightly
cleaner
than
petrol.
This
is
because
the
study
assumes
for
all
cars
that
emission-control
technologies
will
be
more
widely
used,
especially
particulate
filters
which
have
a
remarkable
effect
on
cleaning
diesel
____33____.
Diesel
cars
are
also
more
_____34_____
of
fuel
than
petrol-driven
ones.
Overall,
the
study
shows
that
electric
cars
are
cleaner
than
those
traditional
vehicles
only
if
the
power
used
to
charge
then
is
also
clean.
That
is
hardly
a
surprise,
but
the
______35______
of
the
difference
is.
How
green
electric
cars
really
are,
then,
will
depend
mainly
on
where
they
are
driven.
In
France,
which
obtains
more
than
half
of
its
power
from
nuclear
station,
electric
cars
look
like
a
good
bet.
In
China
and
some
other
developing
countries,
where
a
large
amount
of
electricity
is
produced
from
coal,
they
may
not
be
so
environment-
friendly
as
they
are
marketed.
【答案】26.
BC
27.
AC
28.
AB
29.
A
30.
CD
31.
B
32.
ABC
33.
C
34.
D
35.
BD
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，电动汽车比传统汽车更清洁，但用燃煤发电站产生的电池充电的汽车可能危害更大，死亡人数也多。
【26题详解】
考查动词。此处缺乏谓语动词，此处意为“有助于环境保护”，动词词组contribute
to（有助于），符合句意。故选BC项。
【27题详解】
考查名词。with后接名词作宾语，用名词形式，此处意为“充电”，名词electricity（电），符合句意。故选AC项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。名词词组petrol-driven
vehicle需要形容词修饰，此处意为“传统的汽油车”，形容词conventional（传统的），符合句意。故选AB项。
【29题详解】
考查名词。two
important
__4___
of
air
pollution是名词所有格，应填名词，此处意为“空气污染的两个重要成分”，名词constituent（成分、构成要素），符合句意。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词。形容词harmful修饰名词，应用名词，此处意为“有害物质”，名词substance（物质），符合句意。故选CD项。
【31题详解】
考查副词。副词修饰动词recharged，用副词形式，此处意为“但如果这些电动汽车最终用煤充电”，副词ultimately（最终地、根本上），符合句意。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词。此处缺乏谓语动词，此处意为“常常产生关于污染的担忧”，动词generate（产生），符合句意。故选ABC项。
【33题详解】
考查名词。此处意为“柴油废气”，名词exhaust（废气），符合句意。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。此处意为“柴油车也比汽油车更节约”，固定搭配be
economical
of（对……节约），形容词economical（节约的），符合句意。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词。the
___10____
of
the
difference是名词所有格，用名词形式，此处意为“差别的程度”，名词extent（程度），符合句意。故选BD项。
Ⅲ.
Reading
Comprehension
(45’)
Section
A
(15’)
Directions:
For
each
blank
in
the
following
passage
there
are
four
words
or
phrases
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
the
word
or
phrase
that
best
fits
the
context.
Chinese
experts,
based
on
the
result
of
clinical
trials,
have
_____36_____
that
Chloroquine
Phosphate(磷酸氯喹),
an
antimalarial
drug,
has
a
certain
____37____
effect
on
the
novel
coronavirus
disease
(COVID-19),
a
Chinese
official
said
here
Monday.
The
experts
have
"unanimously"
suggested
the
drug
be
included
in
the
next
version
of
the
treatment
guidelines
and
_____38_____
in
wider
clinical
trials
as
soon
as
possible,
Sun
Yanrong,
deputy
head
of
the
China
National
Center
for
Biotechnology
Development
under
the
Ministry
of
Science
and
Technology
(MOST),
said
at
a
press
conference.
Chloroquine
Phosphate,
which
has
been
used
for
more
than
70
years,
was
selected
from
tens
of
thousands
of
existing
drugs
after
____39____
rounds
of
screening,
Sun
said.
According
to
her,
the
drug
has
been
under
clinical
trials
in
over
10
hospitals
in
Beijing,
_____40_____
in
south
Guangdong
Province
and
central
China's
Hunan
Province,
and
has
shown
___41___
good
efficacy.
In
the
trials,
the
groups
of
patients
who
had
taken
the
drug
have
shown
better
indicators
than
their
parallel
groups,
in
abatement(减轻)
of
fever,
improvement
of
CT
images
of
lungs,
the
percentage
of
patients
who
became
____42____
in
viral
nucleic
acid
tests
and
the
time
they
need
to
do
so,
she
said.
Patients
taking
the
drug
also
take
a
shorter
time
to
recover,
she
added.
Sun
gave
an
example
of
a
54-year-old
patient
in
Beijing,
who
was
____43____
to
hospital
four
days
after
showing
symptoms.
After
taking
the
drug
for
a
week,
he
saw
all
indicators
_____44_____
and
the
nucleic
acid
turn
negative.
____45____,
no
obvious
serious
adverse
reactions
related
to
the
drug
have
been
found
among
the
over
100
patients
enrolled
in
the
clinical
trials,
she
said.
On
February
15,
several
departments
including
the
MOST,
the
National
Health
Commission
and
the
National
Medical
Products
Administration
called
a
video
conference
to
____46____
drug
research
and
clinical
experts’
opinions
on
the
drug’s
efficacy
on
COVID-19.
The
expert
team,
led
by
Zhong
Nanshan,
a
_____47_____
respiratory
specialist
and
an
academician
of
the
Chinese
Academy
of
Engineering,
agreed
that
Chloroquine
Phosphate
can
be
used
to
treat
more
COVID-19
patients,
Sun
said.
Previous
in
vitro
(体外的)
experiments
showed
that
it
can
block
virus
____48____
by
changing
the
acidity
and
basicity
value
inside
the
cell
and
interfering
receptors
of
SARS
coronavirus.
It
also
shows
immune-modulating
(调节)
activity,
which
may
_____49_____
its
antiviral
effect
in
vivo
(体内的)
and
is
widely
____50____
in
the
whole
body,
including
the
lungs,
after
oral
administration.
36.
A.
advocated
B.
assumed
C.
confirmed
D.
conserved
37.
A.
limited
B.
curative
C.
side
D.
potential
38.
A.
applied
B.
diagnosed
C.
recognized
D.
adapted
39.
A.
feasible
B.
reasonable
C.
authentic
D.
multiple
40.
A.
for
instance
B.
as
well
as
C.
that
is
to
say
D.
such
as
41.
A.
unintentionally
B.
considerately
C.
scarcely
D.
fairly
42.
A.
negative
B.
neutral
C.
obvious
D.
positive
43.
A.
overlooked
B.
admitted
C.
accessed
D.
refused
44.
A.
promote
B.
flaw
C.
fail
D.
improve
45.
A.
In
the
meantime
B.
By
contrast
C.
So
far
D.
In
consequence
46.
A.
turn
down
B.
listen
to
C.
engage
in
D.
argue
about
47.
A.
respectful
B.
conventional
C.
spiritual
D.
distinguished
48.
A.
invasion
B.
investigations
C.
infections
D.
cultivation
49.
A.
undermine
B.
enhance
C.
impose
D.
withhold
50.
A.
distributed
B.
reflected
C.
extinguished
D.
substituted
【答案】36.
C
37.
B
38.
A
39.
D
40.
B
41.
D
42.
A
43.
B
44.
D
45.
C
46.
B
47.
D
48.
C
49.
B
50.
A
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国的医疗团队证实了磷酸氯喹对于新冠肺炎有一定的疗效，并具体说明了临床试验的过程和其药理。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国的医疗专家们根据临床试验的结果，已经证实了磷酸氯喹——一种抗疟剂药物——对于新冠病毒有某种治疗效果。A.
advocated提倡，拥护；B.
assumed假设；C.
confirmed证实；D.
conserved保护。下文对于磷酸氯喹的疗效作了具体说明，可见这里的消息是证实了具有疗效。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国的医疗专家们根据临床试验的结果，已经证实了磷酸氯喹——一种抗疟剂药物——对于新冠病毒有某种治疗效果。A.
limited有限的；B.
curative有疗效的；C.
side侧面的；D.
potential潜在的。下文对于磷酸氯喹的疗效作了具体说明，对于新冠肺炎的症状有一定的缓解作用，可见是有疗效的。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该药物应该会列入下一版治疗指导方案中，并在更大范围的临床试验中得到应用。A.
applied应用；B.
diagnosed诊断；C.
recognized认出；D.
adapted适应。分析句子可知，这里主语是the
drug，地点状语是in
wider
clinical
trial，显然是指在临床试验中使用、应用药物。故选A项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：磷酸氯喹被从上万种药物中层层筛选出来。A.
feasible可行的；B.
reasonable合理的；C.
authentic真实的；D.
multiple多样的，许多的。要从种类繁多的药物中找出能治疗新冠肺炎的药物，必然要经过层层筛选。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：该药物已经在北京的十多家医院进行临床试验，在广东省和湖南省也都进行了试验。A.
for
instance例如；B.
as
well
as也；C.
that
is
to
say也就是说；D.
such
as比如。这里列举的三个地点都是进行临床试验的地方，是并列的，可以用as
well
as连接，表示“也，还有”。故选B项。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且都表现出了相当不错的疗效。A.
unintentionally无意的；B.
considerately体谅地；C.
scarcely几乎不；D.
fairly相当地，公平地。这里要用fairly修饰good表示程度。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：核酸检测转阴性的患者人数有所增加。A.
negative消极的；B.
neutral中立的；C.
obvious明显的；D.
positive积极的。根据下文“
the
nucleic
acid
turn
negative.”可知，这里在描述磷酸氯喹的临床疗效，negative在这里表示“阴性的”，即病情好转了。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她举了北京一位54岁的患者为例，这位患者在出现症状四天后入院。A.
overlooked忽视；B.
admitted承认，准许进入；C.
accessed接近；D.
refused拒绝。be
admitted
to
hospital意为“入院，住院”，符合情境。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的所有指标都有所改善，核酸检测也呈现阴性。A.
promote提升；B.
flaw使有缺陷；C.
fail失败；D.
improve提高，改善。根据“the
nucleic
acid
turn
negative.”这里表现药物确有疗效，患者在服药后情况是有所改善的。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：迄今为止，没有出现和该药物相关的明显的严重不良反应。A.
In
the
meantime同时；B.
By
contrast相反；C.
So
far至今；D.
In
consequence因此，结果。句中使用现在完成时，结合句意应该用so
far表示“至今为止”，仍然在说明磷酸氯喹的效果良好。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：多个部门召开一次视频会议，听取药物研究和临床专家的意见。A.
turn
down拒绝；B.
listen
to听；C.
engage
in从事于；D.
argue
about争论。空白处缺少动词，而其宾语为opinions，根据“
called
a
video
conference”应该是召开会议并听取意见。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：钟南山，一位杰出的呼吸病学专家，同时也是中国工程院院士。A.
respectful恭敬的；B.
conventional传统的；C.
spiritual精神的；D.
distinguished卓越的。根据对于钟南山的了解，无疑他是非常优秀、非常杰出的一个人。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：之前的体外实验表明该药物能阻止病毒的传染。A.
invasion入侵；B.
investigations调查；C.
infections感染；D.
cultivation培养，耕种。根据下文解释的干扰病毒受体的手段，可以推断磷酸氯喹应该是切断了病毒的传染途径。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也表明了免疫调节活动可能会加强体内的抗病毒效果，并在整个体内广泛分布。A.
undermine破坏；B.
enhance提高，加强；C.
impose强加，征税；D.
withhold保留，抑制。根据“It
also
shows
immune-modulating
(调节)
activity”可知，这里解释药物的机理，免疫调节活动应当是对身体有益的，所以对抗病毒效果有所增益。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也表明了免疫调节活动可能会加强体内的抗病毒效果，并在整个体内广泛分布。A.
distributed分布，分散；B.
reflected反映，反射；C.
extinguished熄灭，压制；D.
substituted替代。这里的地点状语是in
the
whole
body，容易想到应该指全身都会出现免疫调节，尤其是在肺部，从而改善身体状况。故选A项。
Section
B
(32’)
Directions:
Read
the
following
passages.
Each
passage
is
followed
by
several
questions
or
Unfinished
statements.
For
each
of
them
there
are
four
choices
marked
A.
B.
C
and
D.
Choose
the
one
that
fits
best
according
to
the
information
given
in
the
passage
you
have
just
read.
(A)
The
African
elephant
will
disappear
within
two
decades
if
urgent
action
is
not
taken
to
save
one
of
the
world's
most
iconic
animal
species,
the
World
Wide
Fund
for
Nature
(WWF)
has
warned
in
a
new
campaign
fundraiser.
The
population
of
these
elephants—the
largest
animal
currently
walking
the
earth—has
declined
by
70
percent
in
the
last
40
years,
in
large
part
because
of
the
illegal
ivory
trade,
which
is
the
biggest
driver
of
elephant
poaching,
according
to
the
non-profit.
In
fact
20,000
elephants
are
killed
every
year
to
feed
this
trade—which
is
equivalent
to
one
death
every
26
minutes.
Once
an
elephant
is
killed,
poachers
harvest
the
ivory
to
meet
a
growing
demand
for
products
made
from
this
material.
Ivory
can
be
turned
into
ornaments
and
decorations,
as
well
as
being
used
in
traditional
Asian
medicine
for
its
intended
therapeutic
value.
Elephants
are
also
sometimes
killed
to
provide
a
source
of
meat.
This
poaching
takes
place
despite
a
global
ban
on
ivory
sales
under
the
CITES
multilateral
treaty
(the
Convention
on
International
Trade
in
Endangered
Species
of
Wild
Fauna
and
Flora)
which
was
introduced
in
1990.
Above
the
poachers
are
powerful
organized
criminal
networks
which
commonly
engage
in
corruption,
money
laundering
and
assassinations.
Part
of
the
issue
in
policing
the
problem
is
that
the
governments
of
nations
where
Africans
elephants
live
often
lack
sufficient
resources
to
protect
and
monitor
elephant
herds,
which
often
reside
in
remote
and
inaccessible
habitats.
When
the
animals
are
killed,
they
often
suffer
a
brutal
death.
African
elephants
are
found
in
37
countries
across
the
continent
and
are
categorized
as
“vulnerable”
by
the
International
Union
for
Conservation
of
Nature
(IUCN)
with
a
remaining
population
of
around
415,000
in
the
wild,
according
to
WWF.
These
animals
play
a
crucial
role
in
the
ecosystem,
helping
to
maintain
healthy
habitats
for
many
other
species.
This
is
because
African
elephants
help
to
disperse
seeds.
The
population
of
African
elephants—which
are
split
into
two
subspecies—once
numbered
between
three
and
five
million
during
the
last
century.
However,
this
figure
has
fallen
dramatically
as
a
result
of
poaching
and
other
factors,
such
as
habitat
fragmentation
or
loss.
51.
The
word
“poaching”
(paragraph
2)
probably
means
________.
A.
desperate
desire
B.
severe
damage
C.
illegal
hunting
D.
cruel
killing
52.
What
is
the
main
reason
for
the
sharp
decline
in
the
number
of
African
elephants？
A.
They
were
hunted
by
other
animals.
B.
They
failed
to
survive
the
natural
disasters.
C.
There
is
no
suitable
living
environment.
D.
They
were
illegally
traded
for
ivory.
53.
Which
of
the
following
can
be
learned
from
the
passage?
A.
Absence
of
bans
or
regulations
on
ivory
sales
is
the
biggest
driver
of
elephant
poaching.
B.
Elephants
living
in
remote
habitats
are
less
vulnerable
than
those
living
in
nations
with
adequate
resources.
C.
If
the
African
elephant
disappear,
the
ecosystem
there
is
likely
to
be
ruined.
D.
African
elephant
herbs
usually
migrated
in
large
population.
54.
What’s
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A.
African
Elephants
Will
Be
Gone
in
The
Future
B.
African
Elephants,
Leading
Role
in
Ecosystem
C.
The
Population
of
African
Elephants
D.
Different
Types
of
African
Elephants
【答案】51.
C
52.
D
53.
C
54.
A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于人类的破坏行为，如果不采取紧急行动，非洲象将在未来的20年内消失。
【51题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“the
largest
animal
currently
walking
the
earth—has
declined
by
70
percent
in
the
last
40
years,
in
large
part
because
of
the
illegal
ivory
trade”可知，大象数量下降很大程度上是因为非法象牙贸易，从而根据后句的非限定性定语可以猜测，因为非法象牙贸易的存在，成为大象偷猎的最大推动力。所以poaching的含义为“偷猎”之意。故选C。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The
population
of
these
elephants—the
largest
animal
currently
walking
the
earth—has
declined
by
70
percent
in
the
last
40
years,
in
large
part
because
of
the
illegal
ivory
trade,
which
is
the
biggest
driver
of
elephant
poaching(这些大象的数量——目前地球上最大的动物——已经在过去40年里下降了70%，很大程度上是因为非法象牙贸易，这是大象偷猎的最大推动力。)”和文章第四段“Once
an
elephant
is
killed,
poachers
harvest
the
ivory
to
meet
a
growing
demand
for
products
made
from
this
material.
Ivory
can
be
turned
into
ornaments
and
decorations,
as
well
as
being
used
in
traditional
Asian
medicine
for
its
intended
therapeutic
value.
(一旦一头大象被杀死，偷猎者就会捕获象牙，以满足人们对这种材料制成的产品日益增长的需求。象牙可以做成装饰品和装饰品，也可以用于传统的亚洲医学中，因为它具有预期的治疗价值。)”可知，非洲象数量急剧下降的主要原因是非法买卖象牙。故选D。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“These
animals
play
a
crucial
role
in
the
ecosystem,
helping
to
maintain
healthy
habitats
for
many
other
species.
This
is
because
African
elephants
help
to
disperse
seeds.(
这些动物在生态系统中扮演着至关重要的角色，帮助维持许多其他物种的健康栖息地。这是因为非洲象帮助散播种子。)”可推断出，如果非洲象消失了，那里的生态系统很可能会被破坏。故选C。
【54题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The
African
elephant
will
disappear
within
two
decades
if
urgent
action
is
not
taken
to
save
one
of
the
world's
most
iconic
animal
species,
the
World
Wide
Fund
for
Nature
(WWF)
has
warned
in
a
new
campaign
fundraiser.(
世界自然基金会在一项新的筹款活动中警告说，如果不采取紧急行动来拯救世界上最具标志性的动物之一非洲象，非洲象将在20年内消失。)”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了由于人类的破坏行为，如果不采取紧急行动，非洲象将在未来的20年内消失。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“非洲象将在未来消失”，故选A。
【点睛】阅读理解通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生从上下文理解中概括出生词或短语的词义。考生作此类题型时，首先要找到所猜测词所在文章的位置，然后在理解文章大意的基础之上，对此词前后句反复研读，最后根据前后句猜测出词义。例如小题1要求猜测出poaching的含义，就是根据文章第二段“the
largest
animal
currently
walking
the
earth—has
declined
by
70
percent
in
the
last
40
years,
in
large
part
because
of
the
illegal
ivory
trade”可知，大象数量下降很大程度上是因为非法象牙贸易，从而根据后句的非限定性定语可以猜测，因为非法象牙贸易的存在，成为大象偷猎的最大推动力。从而推测出poaching的含义为“偷猎”之意。
(B)
Kobe
Bryant
was
one
of
nine
people
killed
in
a
helicopter
crash
on
26,
Jan.
2019.
He
was
41.
His
13-year-old
daughter
Gianna
was
also
killed
in
the
crash.
Bryant
was
one
of
the
greatest
NBA
players
of
all-time
and
an
icon
in
the
sports
world.
In
addition
to
his
success
on
the
basketball
court,
Bryant
was
known
for
a
ceaseless
work
ethic
and
incredible
drive.
In
honor
of
Bryant’s
legacy,
here
are
some
inspiring
quotes
from
Bryant
on
hard
work,
success,
and
life.
On
achieving
success:
“When
you
make
a
choice
and
say,
‘Come
hell
or
high
water,
I
am
going
to
be
this,’
then
you
should
not
be
surprised
when
you
are
that.
It
should
not
be
something
that
is
intoxicating
or
out
of
character
because
you
have
seen
this
moment
for
so
long
that
...
when
that
moment
comes,
of
course
it
is
here
because
it
has
been
here
the
whole
time,
because
it
has
been
[in
your
mind]
the
whole
time.”
On
failure:
“I
don’t
mean
to
sound
cavalier
when
I
say
that,
but
never.
It’s
basketball.
I’ve
practiced
and
practiced
and
played
so
many
times.
There’s
nothing
truly
to
be
afraid
of,
when
you
think
about
it
...
Because
I’ve
failed
before,
and
I
woke
up
the
next
morning,
and
I’m
OK.
People
say
bad
things
about
you
in
the
paper
on
Monday,
and
then
on
Wednesday,
you're
the
greatest
thing
since
sliced
bread.
I’ve
seen
that
cycle,
so
why
would
I
be
nervous
about
it
happening?”
On
life:
“There’s
a
choice
that
we
have
to
make
as
people,
as
individuals.
If
you
want
to
be
great
at
something
there
is
a
choice
you
have
to
make.
We
can
all
be
masters
at
our
craft,
but
you
have
to
make
a
choice.
What
I
mean
by
that
is,
there
are
inherent
sacrifices
that
come
along
with
that
—
family
time,
hanging
out
with
your
friends,
being
a
great
friend,
being
a
great
son,
nephew,
whatever
the
case
may
be.
There
are
sacrifices
that
come
along
with
that.”
On
retiring
and
facing
the
end
of
his
basketball
career:
“There
is
beauty
in
that.
I
mean,
it's
going
through
the
cycle.
I
mean,
it's
the
cycle
that
is
the
natural
progression
of
growth,
of
maturation.
I
mean,
there's
no
sadness
in
that
...
I
see
the
beauty
in
not
being
able
to
blow
past
defenders
anymore,
you
know
what
I
mean?
I
see
the
beauty
in
getting
up
in
the
morning
and
being
in
pain
because
I
know
all
the
hard
work
that
it
took
to
get
to
this
point.
So,
I’m
not,
I'm
not
sad
about
it.
I'm
very
appreciative
of
what
I've
had.”
55.
What
is
the
attitude
of
Kobe
Bryant
towards
achieving
success
by
saying
“Come
hell
or
high
water,
I
am
going
to
be
this”?
A.
Confident
B.
Determined
C.
Optimistic
D.
Frightened
56.
The
word
“cavalier”
in
the
3rd
paragraph
probably
means
__________.
A.
not
serious
or
caring
B.
anxious
and
eager
C
worried
and
pessimistic
D.
not
proud
or
arrogant
57.
When
it
comes
to
failure,
Kobe
Bryant
tended
to
__________.
A.
fight
against
those
who
said
bad
things
about
him.
B.
worry
about
others’
comments
on
his
performance.
C.
cheer
for
himself
by
regarding
himself
as
the
greatest
figure.
D.
show
no
fear
facing
ups
and
downs.
58.
What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?
A.
People
paid
tribute
to
Kobe
Bryant
for
his
success
on
the
basketball
court.
B.
Kobe
Bryant
devoted
more
of
his
life
to
basketball
instead
of
accompanying
his
family.
C.
Kobe
Bryant
regarded
his
retirement
as
the
beginning
of
another
career.
D.
Kobe
Bryant
felt
emotionless
when
facing
the
end
of
his
basketball
career.
【答案】55.
B
56.
A
57.
D
58.
B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了逝去的NBA历史上最伟大的球员之一科比·布莱恩特关于努力、成功和生活的一些鼓舞人心的语录。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中…when
that
moment
comes,
of
course
it
is
here
because
it
has
been
here
the
whole
time,
because
it
has
been
[in
your
mind]
the
whole
time.
……当那个时刻到来的时候，它就在这里，因为它一直在这里，因为它一直在你的脑海里。可知，科比对成功的态度对成功的态度是有决心的。故选B项。
【56题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中It’s
basketball.
I’ve
practiced
and
practiced
and
played
so
many
times.
There’s
nothing
truly
to
be
afraid
of,
when
you
think
about
it
...
这是篮球。我练习了很多次，很多次，很多次。当你仔细想想，其实没什么好害怕的……由科比说自己练习了很多次，可知他对失败并不是说漫不经心或者不在意的，因此猜测划线词cavalier意为“漫不经心的，不在意的”。故选A项。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Because
I’ve
failed
before,
and
I
woke
up
the
next
morning,
and
I’m
OK.
People
say
bad
things
about
you
in
the
paper
on
Monday,
and
then
on
Wednesday,
you're
the
greatest
thing
since
sliced
bread.
因为我以前也失败过，第二天早上醒来，我没事。人们在星期一的报纸上说你的坏话，然后在星期三，你是自切片面包以来最伟大的事物。可知，当谈到失败的时候，科比并不害怕面对起起落落。故选D项。
58题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中We
can
all
be
masters
at
our
craft,
but
you
have
to
make
a
choice.
What
I
mean
by
that
is,
there
are
inherent
sacrifices
that
come
along
with
that
—
family
time,
hanging
out
with
your
friends,
being
a
great
friend,
being
a
great
son,
nephew,
whatever
the
case
may
be.
There
are
sacrifices
that
come
along
with
that.
我们都可以成为技艺上的大师，但你必须做出选择。我的意思是，随之而来的是一些内在的牺牲——家庭时间，和朋友一起玩，做一个好朋友，做一个好儿子，好侄子，不管是什么情况。这也会带来一些牺牲。可知，科比将更多的时间奉献给了篮球，而不是陪伴家人。故选B项。
(C)
Mental
illness
and
disability
were
family
problems
for
English
people
living
between
1660
and
1800.
Most
women
and
men
who
suffered
from
mental
illness
were
not
institutionalized
as
this
was
the
period
before
the
extensive
building
of
mental
hospitals.
Instead,
they
were
housed
at
home,
and
cared
for
by
other
family
members.
Now
a
new
study
by
Cambridge
historian
Dr.
Elizabeth
Foyster
will
reveal
the
impact
on
families
of
caring
for
mentally
ill
and
disabled
relatives.
Much
has
been
written
about
the
insane
themselves
but
few
studies
have
considered
mental
illness
from
the
perspective
of
the
carers.
The
lifetime
burden
of
caring
for
those
individuals
whose
mental
development
did
not
progress
beyond
childhood,
and
who
contemporaries
labeled
as
‘idiots’
or
‘fools’,
has
been
little
explored
by
historians.
Foyster’s
research,
which
has
been
funded
by
the
Leverhulme
Trust,
will
carefully
examine
the
emotional
and
economic
consequences
for
families
at
a
time
when
the
Poor
Law
bound
them
to
look
after
their
mentally
ill
and
disabled
family
members.
By
asking
key
questions
about
the
impact
of
‘care
in
the
community’
in
the
18th
century,
Foyster
hopes
that
her
research
will
bridge
social
and
medical
history.
Specifically,
she
aims
to
provide
an
historical
perspective
for
contemporary
debates
such
as
how
resources
can
be
stretched
to
provide
for
children
with
learning
difficulties
and
an
aging
population.
“The
stresses
and
strains
of
family
were
worsened
by
high
infant
mortality
and
low
life
expectancy
and
many
individuals
were
pushed
towards
mental
breakdown,”
she
explained.
“Moreover,
inherited
conditions,
senility(高龄)
and
what
today
would
be
described
as
‘special
needs’
could
put
great
emotional
demands
on
family
members
who
had
primary
responsibility
for
their
sick
or
disabled
relatives.”
The
research
will
shed
light
upon
how
caring
for
the
mentally
ill
and
disabled
raised
difficult
issues
for
families
about
the
limits
of
intergenerational
responsibility,
and
whether
family
ties
were
weakened
or
strengthened
by
the
experience.
The
questions
of
how
far
shame
was
attached
to
having
insanity
or
idiocy
within
a
family,
and
at
what
point
families
began
to
seek
outside
help,
will
also
be
addressed.
“The
family
must
have
seemed
an
inescapable
feature
of
daily
life
between
1660
and
1800,”
said
Foyster.
“Although
there
were
those
who
were
abandoned
and
rejected,
for
the
majority,
mental
disability
was
accommodated
within
the
family
unit.
I
aim
to
get
to
the
heart
of
what
this
really
meant
for
people’s
lives.”
59.
Which
is
NOT
the
reason
why
those
mentally
ill
and
disabled
were
not
institutionalized
from
1660
to
1800?
A.
Mental
illness
and
disability
were
family
problems
then.
B.
The
extensive
building
of
mental
hospitals
didn’t
start
yet.
C.
They
were
abandoned
by
the
government
and
the
family.
D.
The
family
would
be
found
guilty
if
they
didn’t
care
for
them.
60.
Why
does
Foyster
want
to
carry
out
this
study?
A.
Because
it
can
provide
some
food
for
thought
for
some
current
social
issues.
B.
Because
the
stresses
and
strains
of
family
life
have
driven
many
people
crazy.
C.
Because
she’s
looking
for
ways
to
communicate
with
the
sick
or
disabled
people.
D.
Because
the
limits
of
intergenerational
responsibility
in
such
families,
interest
her.
61.
Which
question
will
NOT
be
studied
in
the
research?
A.
How
should
resources
today
be
stretched
to
provide
for
an
aging
population?
B.
How
did
caring
for
the
sick
and
disabled
affect
the
family’s
earning
power?
C.
How
shameful
did
a
family
feel
when
their
insane
or
disabled
relatives
were
found
out?
D.
At
what
point
did
those
families
have
to
begin
to
look
for
outside
help?
62.
The
passage
is
written
in
order
to
________.
A.
reveal
the
impact
on
families
of
caring
for
mentally
ill
and
disabled
relatives
B.
provide
an
historical
perspective
to
contemporary
debates
C.
shed
light
upon
whether
family
ties
were
weakened
or
strengthened
D.
introduce
a
new
historical
study
carried
out
by
a
Cambridge
historian
【答案】59.
C
60.
A
61.
A
62.
D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了剑桥历史学家伊丽莎白·福斯特博士的一项新研究将揭示照顾精神病患者和残疾亲属对家庭的影响。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“as
this
was
the
period
before
the
extensive
building
of
mental
hospitals.”可知，这是在精神病院广泛建立之前的时期，根据第一段中的“Instead,
they
were
housed
at
home,
and
cared
for
by
other
family
members.”可知，相反，他们被安置在家里，由其他家庭成员照顾（当时精神疾病和残疾主要是家庭问题），根据第三段中的“at
a
time
when
the
Poor
Law
bound
them
to
look
after
their
mentally
ill
and
disabled
family
members.”可知，当时的济贫法规定家庭必须照顾患有精神疾病和残疾的家庭成员（不照顾他们就会被判有罪），以上三点是1660年至1800年精神病患者和残疾人没有被收容的原因，文中并没有提到原因是他们被政府和家庭遗弃。故C项正确。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的Specifically,
she
aims
to
provide
an
historical
perspective
for
contemporary
debates
such
as
how
resources
can
be
stretched
to
provide
for
children
with
learning
difficulties
and
an
aging
population”可知，具体地说，她旨在为当代的争论提供一个历史视角，例如如何利用资源为有学习困难和人口老龄化的儿童提供帮助。由此可知，她进行这项研究的原因是它能为当前的社会问题提供一些发人深思的东西。故A项正确。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“will
carefully
examine
the
emotional
and
economic
consequences
for
families
at
a
time
when
the
Poor
Law
bound
them
to
look
after
their
mentally
ill
and
disabled
family
members.”可知，该研究将仔细研究在济贫法规定家庭必须照顾他们的精神病和残疾家庭成员的情况下照顾精神病患者和残疾人给家庭造成的经济后果，再根据倒数第二段中的“The
questions
of
how
far
shame
was
attached
to
having
insanity
or
idiocy
within
a
family,
and
at
what
point
families
began
to
seek
outside
help,
will
also
be
addressed.”可知，我们还将讨论家庭中的精神错乱或白痴与羞耻感之间的关系，以及家庭在什么时候开始寻求外界帮助的问题，以上三个方面是该项研究要研究的内容，而没有提到要研究当今的资源应如何用于应对人口老龄化。故A项正确。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Now
a
new
study
by
Cambridge
historian
Dr.
Elizabeth
Foyster
will
reveal
the
impact
on
families
of
caring
for
mentally
ill
and
disabled
relatives.”可知，本文主要介绍了剑桥历史学家伊丽莎白·福斯特博士的一项新研究将揭示照顾精神病患者和残疾亲属对家庭的影响，本文的目的就是介绍这项新的历史研究。故D项正确。
【点睛】涉及到文章意图的推理判断题难度较大，抓住文章主题是关键，例如本篇第4题，根据第二段“Now
a
new
study
by
Cambridge
historian
Dr.
Elizabeth
Foyster
will
reveal
the
impact
on
families
of
caring
for
mentally
ill
and
disabled
relatives.”可知，本文主要介绍了剑桥历史学家伊丽莎白·福斯特博士的一项新研究将揭示照顾精神病患者和残疾亲属对家庭的影响，因此本文的目的就是介绍这项新的历史研究。故D项正确。
(D)
“I
have
slept
on
the
Embankment
(河堤),”
wrote
George
Orwell
in
1933,
adding
that,
despite
the
noise
and
the
wet
and
the
cold,
it
was
“much
better
than
not
sleeping
at
all.”
Under
the
nearby
Charing
Cross
bridge,
Orwell
reported
that
“50
men
were
waiting,
mirrored
in
the
shivering
puddles.”
Nine
decades
on
and
Charing
Cross
and
the
Embankment
are
once
again
full
of
rough
sleepers,
even
during
the
coldest
days
of
December.
Across
London
their
numbers
have
more
than
tripled
since
2010.
It
is
a
pattern
found
in
much
of
the
rich
world.
Almost
every
European
country
is
seeing
a
rise
in
the
number
of
homeless
people.
Homelessness
across
America
is
in
decline,
but
it
is
soaring
in
its
most
prosperous
cities.
And
roughly
5,000
people
live
on
the
streets
of
San
Francisco,
a
19%
rise
in
just
two
years.
However,
some
rich,
successful
cities,
including
Tokyo
and
Munich,
have
few
people
living
on
the
streets.
These
places
offer
lessons
on
how
to
reduce
homelessness.
One
is
that
tough
love
can
sometimes
work.
Conservatives
argue
that
softer
policing
methods
in
the
1970s,
including
not
being
strict
to
public
drunkenness,
were
in
part
responsible
for
the
rise
in
homelessness.
The
world
could
learn
something
from
Greece,
where
strong
family
networks
ensure
that
those
down
on
their
luck
find
someone
to
take
them
in.
Many
experts
argue
that
it
is
counterproductive
to
give
money
to
someone
begging
on
the
street.
Yet
stricter
methods
will
ultimately
do
little
if
housing
costs
remain
high,
which
is
the
underlying
reason
for
rising
homelessness.
Few
Americans
lived
on
the
streets
in
the
early
post-war
period
because
housing
was
cheaper.
Back
then
only
one
in
four
tenants
spent
more
than
30%
of
their
income
on
rent,
compared
with
one
in
two
today.
The
best
evidence
suggests
that
a
10%
rise
in
housing
costs
in
a
pricy
city
causes
an
8%
jump
in
homelessness.
The
state
can
do
something
to
help.
Cuts
to
rent
subsidies
for
Britain’s
poor
are
probably
the
biggest
reason
why
Charing
Cross
has
so
many
people
sleeping
on
the
streets
once
again.
Making
such
subsidies
more
generous
might
actually
save
governments
money
in
the
medium
term
—
after
all,
demands
on
health-care
services
and
the
police
would
decline.
People
would
also
be
more
likely
to
land
a
job.
Another
option
is
for
the
state
to
build
more
housing
itself.
In
Singapore,
80%
of
residents
live
in
government-built
flats
which
they
buy
at
knock-down
prices.
While
many
countries
have
been
privatizing
their
stock
of
public
housing,
Finland
has
been
building
more
of
it,
giving
the
government
the
necessities
to
put
homeless
people
in
their
own
apartments
rather
than
warehousing
them
in
shelters.
In
Finland
the
homeless
numbers
are
moving
in
the
right
direction.
The
most
effective
reform,
however,
would
be
to
make
building
more
homes
easier.
In
many
countries
NIMBYist
(邻避主义者)
planning
rules
vastly
inflate
the
market
price
of
shelter.
Such
rules
should
be
abolished.
Japan
loosened
planning
rules,
prompting
residential
construction
to
jump.
Since
then,
the
number
of
rough
sleepers
has
fallen
by
80%
in
20
years
in
Tokyo.
Until
cities
elsewhere
let
the
buildings
go
up,
more
people
will
find
themselves
down
and
out.
63.
The
writer
quotes
the
words
of
George
Orwell
in
Paragraph
1
to
__________.
A.
describe
the
poor
situation
of
the
homeless
in
1933.
B.
emphasize
the
large
number
of
the
rough
sleepers.
C.
unveil
the
difficulty
of
solving
the
problem
of
the
homeless.
D.
introduce
the
current
problem
of
homelessness
in
the
rich
world.
64.
Which
of
the
following
is
the
main
reason
for
rising
number
of
the
homeless?
A.
prosperity
of
the
rich
world.
B.
generosity
towards
the
homeless.
C.
outrageous
housing
cost.
D.
privatization
of
the
public
housing.
65.
Which
of
the
following
is
Not
True,
according
to
this
passage?
A.
In
Finland
and
Singapore,
the
number
of
the
homeless
was
reduced
by
building
more
public
housing
and
apartments.
B.
Greece
prioritized
offering
tough
love
over
giving
money
directly
to
the
beggars
to
comfort
them.
C.
NIMBYist
supported
the
government
to
abolish
the
inappropriate
housing
rules
and
make
building
more
houses
easier.
D.
British
government’s
cutting
the
rent
subsidies
for
the
poor
contributes
to
the
increasing
number
of
the
rough
sleepers.
66.
What
is
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A.
Reasons
for
the
rising
homeless
in
the
rich
world.
B.
Ways
to
cut
homelessness
in
the
world’s
priciest
cities.
C.
Different
reaction
of
different
countries
towards
the
homeless.
D.
Comparison
of
the
housing
cost
in
impoverished
and
rich
countries.
【答案】63.
D
64.
C
65.
C
66.
B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，欧洲发达国家的无家可归者人数都在增加，并简述了其原因和可能的解决办法。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段的““I
have
slept
on
the
Embankment
(河堤),”
wrote
George
Orwell
in
1933,
adding
that,
despite
the
noise
and
the
wet
and
the
cold,
it
was
“much
better
than
not
sleeping
at
all.”
Under
the
nearby
Charing
Cross
bridge,
Orwell
reported
that
“50
men
were
waiting,
mirrored
in
the
shivering
puddles.”
”（“我睡在河堤上，”乔治·奥威尔在1933年写道，他补充说，尽管有噪音、潮湿和寒冷，但“总比不睡觉要好得多。”在附近的查令十字桥下，奥威尔报告说“有50个人在等着，在颤抖的水坑里倒映着。），第一段的最后一句“Across
London
their
numbers
have
more
than
tripled
since
2010.”（自2010年以来，整个伦敦的这一数字增长了两倍多。）和第二段前两句“It
is
a
pattern
found
in
much
of
the
rich
world.
Almost
every
European
country
is
seeing
a
rise
in
the
number
of
homeless
people.”（这是发达国家普遍存在的一种模式。几乎每个欧洲国家的无家可归者人数都在增加。），可推断出作者想介绍目前富裕国家的无家可归问题。故选D项。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段第一句“Yet
stricter
methods
will
ultimately
do
little
if
housing
costs
remain
high,
which
is
the
underlying
reason
for
rising
homelessness.”（然而，如果住房成本居高不下，更为严格的措施最终将收效甚微，而这正是无家可归者人数不断上升的根本原因。），可知无家可归者人数增加的主要原因是房价高得离谱。故选C项。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。由倒数第二段的“In
Singapore,
80%
of
residents
live
in
government-built
flats
which
they
buy
at
knock-down
prices.
While
many
countries
have
been
privatizing
their
stock
of
public
housing,
Finland
has
been
building
more
of
it,
giving
the
government
the
necessities
to
put
homeless
people
in
their
own
apartments
rather
than
warehousing
them
in
shelters.”（在新加坡，80%的居民住在政府建造的公寓里，他们以低价购买。尽管许多国家已将其公共住房私有化，芬兰却在建造更多的公共住房，使政府有必要将无家可归者安置在自己的公寓中，而不是将他们安置在庇护所中。），可知芬兰和新加坡通过建造更多的公共住房和公寓减少了无家可归者的数量，A项正确；由第三段中的“The
world
could
learn
something
from
Greece,
where
strong
family
networks
ensure
that
those
down
on
their
luck
find
someone
to
take
them
in.
Many
experts
argue
that
it
is
counterproductive
to
give
money
to
someone
begging
on
the
street.”（全世界都可以从希腊学到一些东西，那里强大的家庭网络确保那些倒霉的人能找到合适的人接纳他们。许多专家认为，把钱给在街上乞讨的人会适得其反。），可知希腊优先考虑的是提供强硬的爱，而不是直接给乞丐钱来安慰他们，B项正确；由倒数第三段的“Cuts
to
rent
subsidies
for
Britain’s
poor
are
probably
the
biggest
reason
why
Charing
Cross
has
so
many
people
sleeping
on
the
streets
once
again.”（削减对英国穷人的房租补贴，可能是查林克罗斯让这么多人再次睡在大街上的最大原因。），可知英国政府削减对穷人的房租补贴减少无家可归者的数量，D项正确；C项“NIMBYist支持政府废除不适当的住房规定，使建造更多的房屋更容易。”文中未提及。故选C项。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一二段，讲“欧洲发达国家无家可归人数在增长”，第三四段讲“无家可归人数增长的原因”，第五六七段讲“减少无家可归人数的办法”，本文围绕无家可归者展开，着重讲“减少世界上最昂贵城市无家可归现象的方法”。故选B项。
Section
C
(8’)
Directions:
Read
the
following
passage
carefully.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
a
proper
sentence
given
in
the
box.
Each
sentence
can
be
used
only
once.
Note
that
there
are
two
more
sentences
than
you
need.
Almost
90%
of
people
are
biased
against
women,
according
to
a
new
index
that
highlights
the
‘shocking’
extent
of
the
global
backlash
towards
gender
equality.
Despite
progress
in
closing
the
equality
gap,
91%
of
men
and
86%
of
women
hold
at
least
one
bias
against
women
in
relation
to
politics,
economics,
education,
violence
or
reproductive
rights.
The
first
gender
social
norm
index
analyzed
data
from
75
countries
that,
collectively,
are
home
to
more
than
80%
of
the
global
population.
It
found
that
almost
half
of
the
people
surveyed
felt
men
were
superior
political
leaders
and
that
more
than
40%
believed
men
made
better
business
executives.
_____67_____.
The
U.N.
Development
Program
(U.N.D.P.),
which
published
its
findings
on
March
5,
is
calling
on
governments
to
introduce
laws
and
policies
that
address
deep-rooted
prejudice.
‘We
all
know
we
live
in
a
male-dominated
world,
but
with
this
report,
we
are
able
to
put
some
numbers
behind
these
biases,’
said
Pedro
Concei??o,
director
of
the
U.N.D.P.’s
human
development
report
office.
‘And
I
consider
these
numbers
shocking.
What
our
report
shows
is
a
pattern
that
repeats
itself
again
and
again.
_____68_____,
but
when
we
go
deeper,
we
seem
to
be
hitting
a
wall.’
_____69_____.
While
in
many
countries,
these
biases
were
shrinking,
in
many
others,
the
biases
were
actually
increasing,
he
pointed
out.
The
figures
are
based
on
two
sets
of
data
collected
from
almost
100
countries
through
the
World
Values
Survey,
which
examines
changing
attitudes
in
almost
100
countries
and
how
they
impact
on
social
and
political
life.
The
figures
cover
periods
from
2005-09
and
2010-14,
the
latest
year
for
which
data
is
available.
____70____.
But
while
more
than
50%
of
people
in
Andorra,
Australia,
the
Netherlands,
New
Zealand,
Norway
and
Sweden
were
free
from
gender
prejudice,
even
in
those
places
the
pattern
was
not
one
of
complete
progress.
Sweden,
for
example,
was
one
of
several
countries
in
which
the
percentage
of
people
who
held
at
least
one
bias
increased
over
the
nine
years
the
data
covered.
More
than
half
of
the
people
in
the
U.K.
and
the
U.S.
held
at
least
one
bias.
A.
Of
the
75
countries
studied,
there
were
only
six
in
which
the
majority
of
the
people
surveyed
held
no
bias
towards
women.
B.
Concei??o
said
the
data
shows
that
opinions
and
expectations
in
society
about
the
role
of
women
were
prejudiced
against
them.
C.
Concei??o
pointed
out
that
gender
discrimination
is
increasingly
destroy
the
social
welfare
in
many
aspects.
D.
Perhaps
more
alarmingly,
almost
a
third
of
men
and
women
think
it’s
acceptable
for
a
man
to
beat
his
wife.
E.
The
figures
serve
as
a
warning
towards
the
social
mechanism
of
developed
countries.
F.
Big
progress
has
been
made
in
more
basic
areas
of
participation
and
empowerment.
【答案】67.
D
68.
F
69.
B
70.
A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的指数显示，在参与调查的75个国家的数据中有近90%的人对女性存在偏见。联合国开发计划署公布了调查结果并呼吁各国政府出台法律和政策去解决根深蒂固的偏见问题。
【67题详解】
根据上一句It
found
that
almost
half
of
the
people
surveyed
felt
men
were
superior
political
leaders
and
that
more
than
40%
believed
men
made
better
business
executives.
调查发现，近一半的受访者认为男性是更优秀的政治领袖，超过40%的人认为男性是更好的企业高管。可知，此处内容与调查结果显示男女地位不平等有关，选项D“或许更令人担忧的是，近三分之一的男性和女性认为男人打妻子是可以接受的。”符合题意。故选D。
【68题详解】
根据上一句What
our
report
shows
is
a
pattern
that
repeats
itself
again
and
again.
我们的报告显示的是一种一再重复的模式。以及下一句but
when
we
go
deeper,
we
seem
to
be
hitting
a
wall.
但当我们进一步深入时，我们似乎遇到了障碍。可知，此处内容与在争取女性的相关权利时取得的成就和遇到的问题有关，选项F“在参与和赋权等更基本的领域已经取得了重大进展，”符合题意。故选F。
【69题详解】
根据下一句While
in
many
countries,
these
biases
were
shrinking,
in
many
others,
the
biases
were
actually
increasing,
he
pointed
out.
他指出，在许多国家，这种偏见在缩小，而在其他许多国家，这种偏见实际上在增加。可知，此处内容与Conceicao根据数据发现社会对女性的偏见有关，选项B“Conceicao说，这些数据表明，社会对女性角色的看法和期望对她们存有偏见。”符合题意。故选B。
【70题详解】
根据下一句But
while
more
than
50%
of
people
in
Andorra,
Australia,
the
Netherlands,
New
Zealand,
Norway
and
Sweden
were
free
from
gender
prejudice,
even
in
those
places
the
pattern
was
not
one
of
complete
progress.虽然在安道尔、澳大利亚、荷兰、新西兰、挪威和瑞典，超过50%的人没有性别歧视，但即使在这些地方，这种模式也没有取得完全的进展。可知，此处内容与只有6个国家有超过50%的人没有性别歧视有关，选项A“在被调查的75个国家中，只有6个国家的大多数受访者对女性没有偏见。”符合题意。故选A。
Ⅳ.
Summary
Writing
(10’)
71.
Directions:
Read
the
following
passage.
Summarize
the
main
idea
and
the
main
points
of
the
passage
in
no
more
than
60
words.
Use
your
own
words
as
far
as
possible.
Imagine
living
on
the
edge
of
a
vast
desert,
which
is
moving
quietly
closer
to
your
village
every
day
and
covering
your
fields.
The
desert
is
on
the
move.
This
is
called
desertification.
Desertification
occurs
in
regions
close
to
an
already
existing
desert.
It
generally
arises
from
two
related
causes.
The
first
is
over-use
of
water
in
the
area.
There
is
not
enough
water
in
any
case,
and
if
it
is
not
carefully
used,
disaster
can
follow.
As
time
goes
on,
water
shortages
make
farming
more
and
more
difficult.
In
some
places,
locals
can
remember
local
lakes
and
marshes
which
were
once
the
homes
for
all
kinds
of
fish
and
birds.
They
have
been
completely
buried
by
the
sand
now.
Farmers
leave
the
land,
and
fields
are
replaced
by
deserts.
The
second
cause
is
misuse
or
over-use
of
the
land.
This
means
that
the
wrong
crops
are
planted
and
need
more
water
than
is
available.
Ploughing
large
fields
and
removing
bushes
and
trees
means
that
the
wind
will
blow
away
the
soil.
Once
the
soil
is
lost,
it
is
hard
to
replace,
and
if
there
is
rain,
it
has
nowhere
to
go,
and
brings
no
benefit.
It
is
not
only
the
farmers
and
villagers
who
suffer.
Every
spring,
the
skies
over
some
of
eastern
cities,
thousands
of
kilometers
away
from
the
deserts,
can
be
darkened
by
sandstorms.
Dust
from
deserts
can
have
a
great
effect
on
weather
systems.
While
desertification
is
perhaps
being
partly
caused
by
global
warming,
these
sandstorms
can
make
global
warming
worse
by
adding
to
what
is
known
as
the
greenhouse
effect.
What
can
be
done
to
slow
down
or
stop
the
process
of
desertification?
A
great
deal
of
work
is
already
under
way.
Obviously
first
steps
are
to
find
new
water
sources.
Tree
planting
can
help,
by
providing
barriers
between
desert
and
rich
field.
Some
types
of
grass
also
hold
the
soil
together,
and
stop
the
wind
taking
it.
Without
these
efforts,
it
will
be
harder
and
harder
to
stop
the
world’s
deserts
in
their
tracks,
and
more
and
more
farmers
will
give
up
and
head
for
cities.
The
lesson
to
be
learnt
lies
beneath
the
sand.
【答案】Desertification,
the
tendency
of
desert
moving
and
covering
nearby
fields,
is
mainly
caused
by
overusing
water
and
misusing
the
land.
It
not
only
does
harm
to
the
residents
but
also
has
negative
effects
on
weather
systems.
To
deal
with
it,
new
water
sources
should
be
discovered,
and
trees
and
grasses
can
be
planted
to
set
barriers
and
solidify
the
soil.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇概要写作。
【详解】第一步
第1步：阅读
（1）．认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。
（2）．划出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了；对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。
（3）．简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。
第2步：写作步骤
（1）.浏览课文，找出主题：沙漠化是沙漠向周边地区移动和覆盖的趋势，主要是水资源过度利用和土地利用不当造成的。
它不仅对居民造成危害，而且对天气系统也有负面影响。
为了解决这个问题，需要发现新的水源，种植树木和草，筑起屏障，固化土壤。
（2）.
确定时态为：一般现在时。
（3）.
确定人称为：第三人称。
（4）.
分析文章的结构，把它分成几个部分，找出每个部分的主要思想，用你自己的文字简短地写出来。本文主要分为三部分。第一部分：Desertification,
the
tendency
of
desert
moving
and
covering
nearby
fields,
is
mainly
caused
by
overusing
water
and
misusing
the
land.（荒漠化是指沙漠向近郊迁移和覆盖的趋势，其主要原因是水资源的过度利用和土地的滥用。）第二部分：It
not
only
does
harm
to
the
residents
but
also
has
negative
effects
on
weather
systems.(
它不仅对居民有害，也对天气系统有负面影响)第三部分：To
deal
with
it,
new
water
sources
should
be
discovered,
and
trees
and
grasses
can
be
planted
to
set
barriers
and
solidify
the
soil.(
为
为了解决这个问题，需要发现新的水源，种植树木和草，筑起屏障，固化土壤)
（1）.按照逻辑顺序组织将主要和相关的支持点用最短的连接词进行连接。如：before，after，besides.
第3步：修改成文
草稿拟好以后，对它进行修改。
首先，与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了，概要写作中的观点是否与原文中的完全一致。
其次，如果出现了不必要的词汇、短语或长句子，删除它们，保持语言简单明了。
最后，检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误。
V.
Translation
(20’)
Directions:
Translate
the
following
sentences
into
English,
using
the
words
given
in
the
brackets.
72.
不可否认的是他用这个靠谱的方法扭转了局势。(apply)
3’
73.
大家都想当然认为英雄都是流血不流泪的，其实不然。(granted)
4’
74.
他的父母达成共识，要提醒他适度使用电子产品，不要沉迷于网络游戏。(obsess)
4’
75.
我们不仅在被他人质疑时要坚持自己的原则，在遭受他人歧视时也不要觉得低人一等。(Not
only)
4’
76.
虽然专家建议保持社交距离，美国政府却始终把重点放在复苏经济和刺激就业上，因此未能有效防止病毒的传播。(despite,
failure)
5’
【答案】72.
You
cannot
deny
the
truth
that/
There
is
no
denying
that
/
It
can’t
be
denied
that
he
reversed
the
trend
by
applying
this
reliable
method
/
strategy
/
means
/
approach.
73.
It
is
taken
for
granted
that
/
People
take
it
for
granted
that
/
We
often
take
it
for
granted
that
heroes
shed
blood
instead
of
/
rather
than
tears.
/
Heroes
don’t
